What is considered a normal body temperature. How does fever differ from hyperthermia. What are the symptoms of fever in adults. How to accurately measure body temperature in adults and children. When should you seek medical attention for a fever.

Understanding Body Temperature and Fever

Body temperature is a crucial indicator of health, with variations that can signify different conditions. A fever, defined as a body temperature above 100.4°F (38.3°C), is often a sign that the body is fighting an infection or inflammation. However, what constitutes a “normal” temperature can vary based on factors such as age, race, and time of day.

The average oral temperature for a healthy, resting adult is approximately 98.6°F (37°C). However, this can fluctuate by 1 to 2 degrees throughout the day due to various factors:

• Time of day
• Activity level
• Environmental temperature
• Hydration status
• Medications

It’s worth noting that older adults, particularly those over 70, may have a lower normal temperature of around 96.8°F (36°C).

The Role of the Hypothalamus in Fever

The hypothalamus, a structure in the brain, acts as the body’s thermostat. During an infection or inflammation, it can raise the body’s internal temperature to help the immune system combat the illness. While uncomfortable, temperatures up to 102°F are generally safe for adults, and most healthy adults can tolerate fevers as high as 103°F to 104°F for short periods without significant problems.

Differentiating Between Fever and Hyperthermia

While often confused, fever and hyperthermia are distinct conditions. Hyperthermia refers to a sustained body temperature above 104°F (40°C) and is essentially overheating. Unlike fever, where the hypothalamus intentionally raises body temperature, hyperthermia occurs when the body’s ability to dissipate heat is impaired.

Causes of Hyperthermia

Hyperthermia typically results from:

• Exposure to extreme heat
• Exercising in hot outdoor temperatures
• Insufficient hydration

Temperature Ranges and Their Significance

Understanding different temperature ranges can help in assessing the severity of a fever:

• Normal: 97.7°F (36.5°C) to 99°F (37.2°C)
• Low-grade fever: 99°F (37.2°C) to 100.4°F (38°C)
• Fever (pyrexia): 100.4°F (38°C) to 105.8°F (41°C)
• Hyperpyrexia: 105.8°F (41°C) to 109.4°F (43°C)
• Potentially fatal: Above 109.4°F (43°C)

Is a low-grade fever cause for concern? While a low-grade fever might not require immediate medical attention in most adults, it’s essential to monitor other symptoms and the fever’s duration. If it persists or is accompanied by severe symptoms, consult a healthcare provider.

Recognizing Fever Symptoms in Adults

Fever can manifest through various symptoms, including:

• Muscle aches
• Headaches
• Irritability
• Chills
• Loss of appetite
• Sweating
• Generalized weakness

Can fever symptoms vary among individuals? Yes, fever symptoms can indeed vary from person to person. Some individuals might experience all of these symptoms, while others may only have a few. The severity of symptoms doesn’t always correlate with the height of the fever.

Accurate Temperature Measurement Techniques

For Adults

Adults should primarily use digital thermometers, placing the tip under the tongue for the most accurate reading. Forehead (temporal artery) measurements are also relatively reliable. Ear (tympanic membrane) thermometer readings can vary and may be inaccurate if there’s an ear infection.

How accurate are armpit temperature readings? Armpit (axillary) temperature readings are generally less accurate but can provide a quick estimate. When using this method, add one degree to the reading to approximate the core body temperature.

For Children

Temperature measurement techniques vary based on a child’s age:

• Under 3 months: Rectal temperature (most accurate)
• 6 months to 4 years: Rectal, ear, or armpit
• 4 years and older: Oral, ear, or forehead

Why is rectal temperature measurement crucial for infants? In infants under three months, a fever can indicate a life-threatening infection. Rectal temperature measurement provides the most accurate reading, allowing for prompt medical intervention if necessary.

Proper Use of Thermometers

To ensure accurate temperature readings, follow these steps:

1. Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and warm water
2. Clean the thermometer with alcohol or lukewarm soapy water
3. Rinse the thermometer with cool water
4. For oral readings, wait at least 15 minutes after eating or drinking
5. Place the thermometer in the appropriate location (mouth, ear, forehead, or rectum)
6. Wait for the recommended time or until the thermometer signals
7. Read and record the temperature
8. Clean the thermometer again before storing

Are there any precautions to take when using mercury thermometers? While mercury thermometers are less common now, they can be dangerous if broken due to mercury exposure. If you still have a mercury thermometer, consider replacing it with a digital version for safety and accuracy.

Managing Fever in Adults

Most fevers in adults don’t require specific treatment and will resolve on their own as the underlying condition improves. However, you can take steps to alleviate discomfort:

• Rest and stay hydrated
• Dress in lightweight clothing
• Use a light blanket if you have chills
• Take over-the-counter fever reducers like acetaminophen or ibuprofen as directed
• Apply a cool, damp washcloth to your forehead

When should you seek medical attention for a fever? Contact your healthcare provider if:

• Your temperature exceeds 103°F (39.4°C)
• The fever lasts more than three days
• You have other severe symptoms like difficulty breathing, chest pain, or confusion
• You have a chronic health condition or a weakened immune system

Special Considerations for Fever in Children

Fever in children, especially infants and young toddlers, requires more vigilant monitoring and potentially quicker medical intervention. Here are some guidelines:

When to Seek Immediate Medical Attention

• Infants under 3 months with a rectal temperature of 100.4°F (38°C) or higher
• Children 3-6 months with a temperature above 102°F (38.9°C)
• Children of any age with a temperature above 104°F (40°C)
• Any child with a fever accompanied by severe symptoms like difficulty breathing, persistent vomiting, or signs of dehydration

How can you help a child with fever feel more comfortable? In addition to medication (if recommended by a healthcare provider), you can:

• Ensure they get plenty of rest
• Offer fluids frequently to prevent dehydration
• Dress them in light clothing
• Keep the room temperature comfortable, not too hot or cold
• Use a lukewarm sponge bath if the fever is high

Understanding and Managing Hyperthermia

Hyperthermia, or overheating, requires different management strategies than fever. The primary goal is to cool the body down quickly and safely.

Treatment Steps for Hyperthermia

1. Move to a cool, shaded area or air-conditioned space
2. Remove excess clothing
3. Apply cool, wet cloths to the skin or take a cool bath
4. Use fans to increase air circulation
5. Drink cool fluids (avoid alcohol and caffeine)
6. If symptoms are severe or the person loses consciousness, seek emergency medical care immediately

Can certain medications increase the risk of hyperthermia? Yes, some medications can affect the body’s ability to regulate temperature or increase susceptibility to heat-related illnesses. These include diuretics, some blood pressure medications, and certain psychiatric drugs. Always consult with your healthcare provider about potential side effects of your medications.

The Impact of Fever on Different Age Groups

While fever is a common symptom across all age groups, its significance and management can vary:

Infants and Young Children

Fever in this age group often requires more immediate attention due to the risk of serious underlying conditions. Parents should monitor temperature closely and be aware of other symptoms.

Adults

Most healthy adults can tolerate fevers well. The focus is often on managing discomfort and monitoring for signs of more serious illness.

Elderly

Older adults may not develop high fevers even with serious infections. Any change in temperature or new symptoms should be taken seriously.

How does the immune response to fever change with age? As we age, our immune system’s ability to mount a strong fever response may diminish. This means that even a low-grade fever in an elderly person could indicate a significant infection and should be evaluated by a healthcare provider.

The Role of Fever in Fighting Infections

While fever can be uncomfortable, it plays a crucial role in the body’s defense against pathogens:

• Increases the production of white blood cells and antibodies
• Enhances the activity of existing immune cells
• Creates an unfavorable environment for some pathogens to reproduce
• Signals the body to increase production of inflammatory mediators

Should you always try to reduce a fever? Not necessarily. If the fever is not causing significant discomfort and is not dangerously high, allowing it to run its course can help your body fight the underlying infection more effectively. However, if the fever is causing distress or is very high, reducing it can provide comfort and prevent potential complications.

Fever and Its Relationship to Various Medical Conditions

While infections are the most common cause of fever, various other medical conditions can also lead to elevated body temperature:

Autoimmune Diseases

Conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and inflammatory bowel disease can cause recurrent or persistent low-grade fevers.

Malignancies

Certain cancers, particularly lymphomas, can cause fever as one of their symptoms.

Medications

Some medications can cause drug-induced fever as a side effect. This is more common with antibiotics, anticonvulsants, and some cardiac drugs.

Hormonal Disorders

Conditions affecting the thyroid or adrenal glands can sometimes lead to changes in body temperature regulation.

Can chronic conditions cause recurrent fevers? Yes, several chronic conditions can lead to recurrent fevers. For example, periodic fever syndromes are a group of disorders characterized by episodes of fever that occur at regular intervals. If you experience recurrent fevers, it’s important to consult with a healthcare provider to determine the underlying cause.

Fever Prevention and Long-term Health

While not all fevers can be prevented, certain practices can reduce your risk of infections that commonly cause fevers:

• Practice good hygiene, including regular handwashing
• Stay up-to-date on vaccinations
• Maintain a healthy lifestyle with proper nutrition and regular exercise
• Get adequate sleep to support your immune system
• Avoid close contact with individuals who are ill

How does chronic stress affect your susceptibility to fever-causing illnesses? Chronic stress can weaken your immune system, making you more susceptible to infections that can cause fever. Managing stress through techniques like meditation, regular exercise, and adequate sleep can help support your overall immune function.

Technological Advancements in Temperature Monitoring

Recent years have seen significant advancements in temperature monitoring technology:

Wearable Devices

Some smartwatches and fitness trackers now include temperature sensors that can track your body temperature trends over time.

Smartphone-Connected Thermometers

These devices can sync with your smartphone, allowing you to easily track and share temperature data with healthcare providers.

Non-Contact Infrared Thermometers

These have become more common, especially in public spaces, allowing for quick and hygienic temperature checks.

Are wearable temperature monitoring devices as accurate as traditional thermometers? While wearable devices are becoming more sophisticated, they may not yet match the accuracy of medical-grade thermometers for diagnosing fever. They can, however, be useful for tracking general trends in body temperature over time.

Global Perspectives on Fever Management

Approaches to fever management can vary across different cultures and healthcare systems:

Western Medicine

Generally focuses on treating underlying causes and managing symptoms, often with antipyretic medications when necessary.

Traditional Chinese Medicine

May view fever as a sign of imbalance in the body and use herbal remedies or acupuncture as part of treatment.

Ayurvedic Medicine

Often emphasizes dietary changes and herbal preparations to manage fever and boost overall immunity.

How do cultural beliefs impact fever management practices? Cultural beliefs can significantly influence how people perceive and manage fever. Some cultures may view fever as a necessary part of healing and be less inclined to use fever-reducing medications, while others may seek to reduce fever immediately. Understanding these cultural differences is important for healthcare providers in delivering culturally competent care.

In conclusion, understanding body temperature and fever is crucial for maintaining health and recognizing when medical attention is necessary. By familiarizing yourself with normal temperature ranges, accurate measurement techniques, and appropriate management strategies, you can better navigate fever episodes and support your body’s natural healing processes. Remember, while fever is often a sign that your immune system is working, persistent or high fevers should always be evaluated by a healthcare professional to ensure proper treatment of any underlying conditions.

100, 101 or 102 Degree Fever? Adult Guide to High Temperatures

A fever is defined as a body temperature above 100.4°F (38.3°C).  The normal oral temperature for a resting, healthy adult is about 98.6°F (37°C). However, what is considered a “normal” body temperature can vary by one degree based on age, race, and other factors.  For example,  an individual who is over 70 years old may have a lower normal temp at 96.8°F (36°C). Furthermore, a person’s temperature may increase or decrease by 1 to 2 degrees throughout the day depending on time of day, activity level, the environment (hot or cold), hydration status, or even medications that he/she may be taking.

In general, a fever indicates the presence of inflammation.  It may occur in the presence of an underlying illness such as an infection, malignancy, or even bodily injury.  It may also be associated with certain autoimmune diseases.  Less commonly, certain medications are associated with fevers.  A fever itself, however, is merely a symptom, and not a disease.

A brain structure called the hypothalamus sets body temperature, and produces a fever response.  It can raise the body’s internal thermostat to combat illnesses.  In this way, the hypothalamus responds to an infection or inflammation by helping the immune system to defeat the offending agent.  Although it may not be comfortable, a temperature of up to 102°F is generally safe in adults. In fact, most healthy adults can even tolerate a fever as high as 103°F to 104°F for short periods of time without having any significant problems.  The body temperature usually returns to normal once the illness resolves.  Click here for a list of fever symptoms in adults.

Page Contents

What is the difference Between Fever and Hyperthermia?Ranges in Body TemperaturesSymptoms of FeverHow to Take Your Temperature – Fever in AdultsHow to Take Your Temperature – Fever in ChildrenHow to Take Your Temperature – ThermometersMercury ThermometerDigital ThermometersFever in adults – How to Treat a FeverWhen to Call Your DoctorTreatment of Hyperthermia Fever in Newborns and Children

What is the difference Between Fever and Hyperthermia?

The terms fever and hyperthermia are commonly confused, and are completely different entities. Hyperthermia is defined as a sustained body temperature above 104°F (40°C), and is just another word for overheating.   The hypothalamus functions normally, but the body’s ability to get rid of heat is impaired.  This most commonly occurs during exposure to extreme heat such as when exercising in hot outdoor temperatures.   Insufficient hydration can also increase the risk of hyperthermia.  

Ranges in Body Temperatures

While there are numerous definitions of fever or pyrexia, the CDC defines a fever as a temperature above 100.4°F (38°C). However, it is important to keep in mind that, in the elderly, temperatures below 100.4 may also be indicative of a fever.  The hypothalamus of these individuals is less able to elevate their body temperatures.  It is, therefore, important to take note of any additional concerning symptoms.

Here are some other definitions related to body temperature: 

• Normal: temperatures between 97.7°F (36.5°C) and 99°F (37. 2°C)
• Low-grade fever: temperatures between 99°F (37.2°C) and 100.4°F (38°C)
• Fever (pyrexia): temperatures between 100.4°F (38°C) and 105.8°F (41°C)
• Hyperpyrexia: temperatures between 105.8°F (41°C) and 109.4°F (43°C)
• Temperatures above 109.4°F (43°C) are usually fatal

Symptoms of Fever

Fevers can cause a wide variety symptoms. The most common ones are listed below:

1. 1. Muscle aches
   2. Headaches
   3. Irritability
   4. Chills
   5. Loss of appetite
   6. Sweating
   7. Generalized weakness

Click here for a list of fever symptoms in adults.

How to Take Your Temperature – Fever in Adults

Adults should use a digital thermometer, placing the tip under the tongue.  Forehead (temporal artery) measurements are also fairly accurate.  Readings taken with an ear (tympanic membrane) thermometer can vary, and may be inaccurate if there is an ear infection.  When readings from both ears are compared, the numbers may differ.

Taking a temperature under the armpit is not very accurate, but can be a quick way to take one’s temperature. When doing so, add one degree to know the true core body temperature.

How to Take Your Temperature – Fever in Children

When taking a child’s temperature, the digital thermometer tip should be placed under the tongue if age four or older. Tympanic membrane and forehead models may be used over the age of six months, but expect some variation in readings when using ear thermometers. 

In infants, the most accurate way to take a temperature is rectally.  A fever in infants under age three months can be a sign of a life threatening infection, so taking the temperature correctly is crucial.   

How to Take Your Temperature – Thermometers

Wash your hands with soap and warm water prior to using any thermometer. 

Mercury Thermometer

Because digital thermometers have become very affordable, the use of old glass mercury thermometers should be avoided.

Mercury is poisonous and is released when a glass thermometer breaks.  Furthermore, because it takes some skill to get a proper temperature reading, so they are not as accurate as the latest digital thermometers.

What to Do if a Mercury Thermometer Breaks.

Digital Thermometers

Digital thermometers are affordable, and readily available nowadays.  Because of the digital number displays, they are easy to read.  Click here for thermometer recommendations.

Before each use, make sure that the thermometer is clean and turned on. Again, wash your hands with soap and warm water to prevent the spread of infection. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions regarding appropriate usage for an accurate temperature reading, and always clean the thermometer before putting it away.

Fever in adults – How to Treat a Fever

• Stay hydrated.  In response to a fever, the body sweats in an effort to cool off.  Since sweat contains water, it must be replaced.  Water is the best option for rehydration in most cases.  If there are fluid losses due to vomiting or diarrhea, electrolyte replacement beverages may be ideal.
• Regularly take and record your temperatures.  If taking medication to lower the fever, it should drop within an hour.
• Monitor associated symptoms.  Take your temperature more frequently if your symptoms change (e.g. if you start vomiting)
• Antipyretics.  For fevers that are uncomfortable (e.g. associated muscle aches, headaches) you can take acetaminophen or ibuprofen. These medications help to reset your body’s thermostat, and lower the temperature.
• Do not give aspirin or products that contain it to children or teens under the age of 20. This can potentially cause Reye syndrome, a potentially dangerous condition
• Watch for signs of dehydration.  This can occur if the fever causes you to sweat excessively, or is associated with vomiting or diarrhea.  Signs of dehydration include thirst, dry skin, dry mouth, chills, feeling tired or weak, and dark-colored urine.
• Other fever remedies for adults.

When to Call Your Doctor

• Fevers above 103°F 
• Persistent fever.  Many viral illnesses, especially the flu, cause fevers of 102°F or higher for three to four days.  If associated with such illnesses, it is worth seeing a doctor for any fever that lasts longer.  For fevers that develop with no other symptoms, one should see a doctor if it lasts more than 48 hours.
• If your fever is associated with: 
  • Shortness of breath, chest pain 
  • Severe cough 
  • Seizures 
  • Confusion 
  • Persistent vomiting or diarrhea 
  • Severe headache 
  • Skin rash
  • Sensitivity to bright light and/or neck stiffness (could indicate meningitis – an infection of the lining of the brain, spinal cord)
  • Severe abdominal pain (could indicate diverticulitis, appendicitis, or other abdominal disorder)
  • Pain with urination (could indicate a urinary tract infection)

Treatment of Hyperthermia 

Hyperthermia is different from just a fever.   It is more dangerous.  The body becomes overheated and loses its ability to thermoregulate.  If measures are not taken to cool down the body, it can lead to organ damage and death.  When the body’s temperature rises above 104°F and is associated with other symptoms, it is called heatstroke.  This is a medical emergency and should be treated as such. Call 911. Symptoms may include:

• Confusion 
• Vomiting 
• Slurred speech
• Racing heart
• Rapid breathing 
• Loss of consciousness

Before these symptoms occur, moving indoors to an air-conditioned room can gradually lower the core body temperature to a safe range.  Drinking plenty of cool fluids is also helpful.

Fever in Newborns and Children

Fevers in newborns and children are often treated differently than those seen in adults. Please refer to the following links:

Fever in newborns can be serious, and should not be ignored.

Fever in Young Children (Toddlers) 

Remedies for fever in children

Note that the information in this article is purely informative and should never be used in place of the advice of your treating physicians.

When to Seek Care for a Fever

A fever (defined as a temperature of 100.4°F or higher) happens when your body is trying to fight off an infection or your immune system becomes activated. The increase in your body temperature signals that something is not quite right with you.

Sometimes a fever comes and goes quickly, other times it lingers, and your temperature fluctuates over time.

Below is a breakdown of when you should contact your doctor or health care provider if you have a fever:

Adults

Numbers that are cause for concern:

• 105°F – Go to the emergency room
• 103°F or higher – Contact your health care provider
• 101°F or higher – If you’re immunocompromised or over 65 years of age, and are concerned that you’ve been exposed to COVID-19, contact your health care provider

Situations that are cause for concern:

• if you have a fever and it doesn’t go down after taking over-the-counter medications, like ibuprofen
• if you’ve been in hot temperatures and develop a fever, it could be a sign of a heat stroke
• if you’ve been in contact with someone who tested positive for COVID-19, you could be at risk for the virus

Call your doctor for medical advice if you experience any of these situations.

Children

Call your child’s pediatrician under the following circumstances:

• 0-3 months – Your child has a temperature of 100.4°F or higher, with or without symptoms
• 3-6 months – Your child has a temperature of 100.4°F or higher, plus irritable behavior/sleepiness OR a temperature of 102°F or higher
• 6-24-months – Your child has a temperature of 102°F for longer than a day AND symptoms such as a rash, cough or diarrhea
• 2+ years – Your child has a temperature of 100.4°F or higher AND symptoms such as a rash, fatigue, headache, stiff neck, prolonged diarrhea or vomiting

Any age:

• Your child has a seizure
• Your child has a temperature of 103°F or higher
• Any fever that starts after your child has been in hot temperatures (could be a sign of heat stroke)
• Your child’s fever doesn’t go down after taking over-the-counter medications, like ibuprofen
• Your child has been in contact with someone who has COVID-19

Next Steps & Resources: 

• To make an appointment with a doctor near you, call 800-822-8905 or visit our physician directory to make an appointment online.
• Register for telemedicine through HMH Care NOW.

The material provided through HealthU is intended to be used as general information only and should not replace the advice of your physician. Always consult your physician for individual care

Fever – Humanitas

Fever is usually a signal that something is wrong in the body. In an adult, fever is accompanied by malaise, however, as a rule, a temperature increase of no more than 103 F (39.4 C) is considered harmless. In children of the first days of life and infants, even a slight increase in temperature may indicate the presence of a serious infection.

However, the severity of the fever does not always indicate the severity of the underlying condition. A mild illness may cause a fever with a significant increase in temperature, and a severe illness may be accompanied by a slight increase in temperature.

The fever usually resolves within a few days. A number of over-the-counter drugs can lower a fever, but in some cases it is better not to lower it. An increase in body temperature greatly contributes to the body’s fight against a number of infectious diseases.

Symptoms

Fever is an increase in temperature above normal values. The temperature normal for an individual may be slightly above or below the average normal temperature 98.6 F (37 C).

Fever, depending on the cause, may be accompanied by signs and symptoms such as:

• Sweating
• Trembling
• Headache
• Muscle pain
• Loss of appetite
• Dehydration
• General weakness

Fever 103 F (39.4 C) to 106 F (41.1 C) may cause:

• Hallucinations
• Confusion
• Irritability
• Convulsions
• Dehydration

Conditions requiring medical attention

Fever in itself is not a cause for concern and a reason to seek medical attention. However, there are times when, if you have a fever, you need to see a doctor yourself or take your child to the doctor.

Temperature measurement

Several types of thermometers are suitable for taking your own and your baby’s temperature, including oral, rectal, and ear (tympanic) thermometers.

Although not the most accurate method, an oral thermometer can be used to measure armpit temperature (axillary temperature).

• Place the thermometer in the armpit and cross your arms over your chest.
• Wait four or five minutes. Axillary temperature is slightly lower than oral.
• The doctor who came on call must be informed of the actual readings of the thermometer and name the place where the temperature was taken.

A rectal thermometer is suitable for measuring temperature in young children:

• To do this, grease the bulb of the thermometer with petroleum jelly.
• Place the baby on the stomach.
• Carefully insert the bulb of the thermometer half a centimeter into the child’s rectum.
• Hold the thermometer and child still for three minutes.
• Never let go of the thermometer while it is in the child’s body. If the child wriggles, the thermometer may go deeper and cause damage.

Infants

Unlike adults, unexplained fever in children is a serious cause for concern. If your child’s temperature rises to 101 F (38.3 C) or more, contact your pediatrician. You should also call a doctor in the following cases:

• Fever in a child under 3 months old.
• Refusal of the child to eat and drink.
• Fever and unexplained irritability: the child cries a lot, for example when changing a diaper or at the slightest movement.
• Lethargy and lack of reaction in a child with fever. In infants and children under 2 years of age, these signs may be signs of meningitis, an infection and inflammation of the membranes and fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord. If meningitis is suspected, the child should be seen by a doctor immediately.
• The body temperature of the newborn is below normal – below 97 F (36.1 C). In the youngest children, during illness, body temperature is difficult to regulate: it may fall rather than rise.

Children

If a child has a fever, but still reacts to others: makes eye contact, responds to facial expressions and voice, then there is probably nothing to worry about.

In the following cases, the child should be taken to the doctor:

• Lethargy or irritability, frequent vomiting, severe headaches or abdominal pain, or any other symptoms that cause severe discomfort.
• Fever after being in a hot car. Seek immediate medical attention if:
• Fever persists for more than one day (in children under 2 years of age) or more than three days (in children 2 years of age and older)

In special cases, for example, if the child has diseases associated with disorders of the immune system or any pre-existing diseases. Doctors also advise caution if a child has recently been prescribed a new drug.

Adults

Seek medical attention if:

• Temperature rises above 103 F (39.4 C)
• Persistence of fever for more than three days

In addition, seek immediate medical attention if any of the following signs or symptoms accompany a fever:

• Severe headache
• Severe swelling of the throat
• Unusual skin rash, especially if it progresses rapidly
• Unusual sensitivity to bright light
• Stiff neck and pain when bending head forward
• Confusion
• Prolonged vomiting
• Labored breathing or chest pain
• Extreme lethargy or excitability
• Abdominal pain or pain when urinating
• Other unexplained signs and symptoms

Complications

Fever may be accompanied by the following complications:

• Severe dehydration
• Hallucinations
• Fever-induced convulsions (febrile convulsions) in a small number of children aged 6 months to 5 years
• Febrile convulsions

Febrile seizures are usually accompanied by loss of consciousness and convulsions of the limbs, involving muscle groups on both sides of the body. Although febrile seizures are a cause of concern for parents, in most cases they do not have any long-term consequences.

If ​​a febrile seizure occurs:

• Place the child on its side or stomach on the floor or other flat surface
• Remove all sharp objects within reach of the child
• Rid the child of tight clothing
• Hold the child to avoid injury.

Do not put anything in the child’s mouth or try to stop seizures
In most cases, seizures go away on their own. After the seizures stop, it is necessary to show the child to the doctor as soon as possible to determine the cause of the fever.

If convulsions persist for more than 10 minutes, seek emergency medical attention.

VPR options “VPR 7 class 101 option” (physics)

VPR

7
class

physics

101
variant

1.
temperature is called normal. Dasha fell ill, and before calling the doctor,
I decided to take my temperature. How many degrees is Dasha’s body temperature higher
normal?

2. Aircraft at airports move on taxiways very
slowly and carefully, as in the event of an unforeseen situation, the aircraft cannot
make a quick turn or stop. What mechanical property of bodies
can you explain this behavior of the aircraft? What is this property?

3. The average impact force of a hammer on a nail is 15N.
pressure is exerted by the driven nail on the board during impact, if the area
cross section of its tip 0.0000002m ² ? Write down the answer
in Pa.

4. The graph shows the dependence of the coordinates of two bodies on time
movement.

With what speed did the first body move?

5. Artyom wanted to create a rubber motor for a model aircraft. For this
he decided to find out what kind of rubber is better to take for the manufacture of a rubber motor.
Artem took three different samples of rubber of different sections and widths. cut off three
equal pieces. For each sample, he began to hang weights, ensuring that
so that the extensions of all rubber cords are the same and equal to 2 cm.
reached when he hung a load of 5 kg from the first cord, 4 kg from the second,
the third – 3.5 kg. Which of the cords to choose for making the best
rubber motor? Specify its hardness.

6. Anya and Timur were kayaking down the river. When they rowed
passed in half an hour downstream 6.5 km, and when they got tired and did not row, then
the current carried them away for the same time by 2 km. How fast would the kayak go?
if the guys rowed while traveling on the lake? Write down your answer in km/h.

7. A group of tourists had to walk along a country road in a day
30km. They walked non-stop because they were afraid they would miss the train. One
of the tourists, looking at the kilometer posts by the road and at their watches, wrote down in
notepad, how far the group traveled, and how much time has passed since
the beginning of the path.

consider the movement of the group as uniform or not? Briefly explain your answer.

8. The drainpipe of a two-story house 5. 4 m high is clogged at
the lower end so that water does not flow through the formed plug at all.
What is the minimum frictional force of the cork on the pipe, if it is known that the area
plugs is 0.01m ² ? Water density 1000kg/m ³ ,
free fall acceleration g =10N/kg. Give your answer in Newtons.

9. A cyclist traveled half the distance at a speed of 15 km/h,
the next third of the distance – at a speed of 25 km / h, and the last 25 km
he made it in 3 hours.

1) What is the distance covered by the cyclist?

2) What is the average speed of the cyclist over the entire distance?
Round to tenths

Answer: 1) km;
2) km/h.

10. On an 80 cm high inclined ramp for 10 seconds evenly
moved a baby carriage, moving it at a speed of 50 cm/s. The stroller was pushed
along the surface of the ramp with a force, the value of which was equal to 38 N. When
moving along the ramp, the wheelchair had a kinetic energy of 2. 1 J.

1) Determine the mass of the wheelchair.

2) How much did the potential energy of the wheelchair increase as a result of
ramp climb?

3) What is the efficiency of the ramp? Give your answer as a percentage and round up.
to whole.

Justify answers to questions with appropriate reasoning or
problem solving.

11. A lineman walks along a passenger train standing at the station. He
sharply strikes with a hammer on the axis of each wheel and then applies for a moment
hand to her. Passenger Andrey Igorevich noticed that along the entire train the lineman
passes in 4.5 minutes, while making 44 strokes. Using the drawing of the wagon,
rate:

1) How many cars are on the train?

2) What is the average speed of the crawler?

3) What is the minimum time interval between audible
blows?

The dimensions on the wagon drawing are given in millimeters. Write full
solution to this problem.

Solution

1.
temperature is called normal. Dasha fell ill, and before calling the doctor,
I decided to take my temperature. How many degrees is Dasha’s body temperature
higher than normal?

Solution. Thermometer division °C.
Dasha’s temperature is 38°C. This means that her temperature is higher than normal by 38 – 36.6
= 1.4 °C.

Answer: 1.4.

2. Aircraft at airports move on taxiways very
slowly and carefully, as in the event of an unforeseen situation, the aircraft cannot
make a quick turn or stop. What mechanical property of bodies
can you explain this behavior of the aircraft? What is this property?

Solution. This behavior of the aircraft is explained by the property of inertia. This
property consists in the desire of bodies to maintain their state of rest or
movement.

3. The average impact force of a hammer on a nail is 15N.
pressure is exerted by the driven nail on the board during impact, if the area
cross-section of its tip 0. 0000002m ² ? Write down the answer
in Pa.

Solution. Pressure is found by formula

Answer: 75000000Pa.

4. The graph shows the dependence of the coordinates of two bodies on time
movement.

With what speed did the first body move?

Solution. The graph shows that the first body traveled 30m in 3s.
Therefore, its speed is

Answer: 10.

5. Artyom wanted to create a rubber motor for a model aircraft. For this
he decided to find out what kind of rubber is better to take for the manufacture of a rubber motor.
Artem took three different samples of rubber of different sections and widths. cut off three
equal pieces. For each sample, he began to hang weights, ensuring that
so that the extensions of all rubber cords are the same and equal to 2 cm.
reached when he hung a load of 5 kg from the first cord, 4 kg from the second,
the third – 3.5 kg. Which of the cords to choose for making the best
rubber motor? Specify its hardness.

Solution. It will be better to fly an airplane, in which the rubber has a large
rigidity. The stiffness of rubber is determined from Hooke’s law: Elastic force
equal to the weight of the load. This means that the elastic force in
rubber cords is 50H, 40H, 35H, respectively.
cords were the same, we can conclude that the greatest rigidity in
the first piece of rubber. It is best to use it for making
rubber motor. Its stiffness is

Answer: 2500.

6. Anya and Timur were kayaking down the river. When they rowed
passed in half an hour downstream 6.5 km, and when they got tired and did not row, then
the current carried them away for the same time by 2 km. How fast would the kayak go?
if the guys rowed while traveling on the lake? Write down your answer in km/h.

Solution. The path traveled by a kayak along the river, The path traveled by a kayak when it was blown away
current, Then the speed of the kayak
relative to water is

C
the kayak would move at the same speed on a lake in which there is no current.

Answer: 9.

7. A group of tourists had to walk 30 km on a country road in a day.
They walked non-stop because they were afraid they would miss the train. One of
tourists, looking at the kilometer posts by the road and at their watches, wrote down in
notepad, how far the group traveled, and how much time has passed since
the beginning of the path.

consider the movement of the group as uniform or not? Briefly explain your answer.

Solution. Yes. With uniform motion for any equal intervals of time
the body travels the same path.

8. The drain pipe of a two-story house 5.4 m high is clogged at
the lower end so that water does not flow through the formed plug at all.
What is the minimum frictional force of the cork on the pipe, if it is known that the area
plug is 0.01m ² ? Water density 1000kg/m ³ ,
free fall acceleration g =10N/kg. Give your answer in Newtons.

Solution. Pressure exerted by water in a pipe

Pa.

Then
a given column of water presses with a force of

N.

So
as the cork remains at rest, this force is balanced by the force of friction. Means,
the friction force is also 540 N.

Answer: 540.

9. A cyclist traveled half the distance at a speed of 15 km / h,
the next third of the distance – at a speed of 25 km / h, and the last 25 km
he made it in 3 hours.

1) What is the distance covered by the cyclist?

2) What is the average speed of the cyclist over the entire distance?
Round to tenths

Answer: 1) km;
2) km/h.

Solution. 1) The last leg of the journey is part of the entire journey. By
condition it is equal to 25 km. Therefore, the entire distance is 150 km.

2) Find the time of the cyclist on the first and second
plots.

h;

H.

Then
total travel time

hours

Find
average speed:

km/h.

Answer: 1) 150; 2) 15.

10. On an inclined ramp 80 cm high for 10 seconds evenly
moved a baby carriage, moving it at a speed of 50 cm/s. The stroller was pushed
along the surface of the ramp with a force, the value of which was equal to 38 N. When
moving along the ramp, the wheelchair had a kinetic energy of 2.1 J.

1) Determine the mass of the wheelchair.

2) How much did the potential energy of the wheelchair increase as a result of
ramp climb?

3) What is the efficiency of the ramp? Give your answer as a percentage and round up.
to whole.

Justify answers to questions with appropriate reasoning or
problem solving.

Solution. 1) The weight of the stroller is 1 kg.

2) The potential energy of the wheelchair has increased as a result of lifting
per J.

3) When it was raised along the ramp, work was expended J. The efficiency of the ramp is

Answer: 1) 16.8 kg; 2) 134.4 J; 3) 71%.

11. A lineman walks along a passenger train standing at the station. He
sharply strikes with a hammer on the axis of each wheel and then applies for a moment
hand to her. Passenger Andrey Igorevich noticed that along the entire train the lineman
passes in 4.5 minutes, while making 44 strokes. Using the drawing of the wagon,
rate:

1) How many cars are on the train?

2) What is the average speed of the crawler?

3) What is the minimum time interval between audible
blows?

The dimensions on the wagon drawing are given in millimeters.