What are the common side effects of albuterol. How can severe reactions to albuterol be identified. What are the potential long-term effects of using albuterol. How does albuterol interact with other medications.

Overview of Albuterol: Uses and Formulations

Albuterol is a widely prescribed medication used to treat and prevent bronchospasm in individuals with asthma and other respiratory conditions. This beta2-adrenergic agonist bronchodilator works by relaxing the airway muscles, providing relief for up to 6-12 hours and making breathing easier.

Available in various formulations, albuterol can be administered as:

• Inhalation suspension
• Nebulizer solution
• Inhalation powder
• Immediate-release tablet
• Extended-release tablet
• Oral syrup

Brand names for albuterol inhalation suspension include ProAir HFA, Ventolin HFA, and Proventil HFA. Generic versions are also available, often at a lower cost.

Common Side Effects of Albuterol

While albuterol is generally well-tolerated, it can cause several common side effects. These effects are usually mild and may subside as the body adjusts to the medication. Some of the more frequently reported side effects include:

• Fast or irregular heart rate
• Chest pain
• Shakiness or tremors
• Nervousness or anxiety
• Headache
• Nausea and vomiting
• Dizziness
• Sore throat
• Runny nose

Do these side effects typically require medical attention? In most cases, these common side effects are not cause for immediate concern. However, if they persist or worsen over time, it’s advisable to consult a healthcare professional.

Severe Adverse Reactions to Albuterol

While less common, some individuals may experience severe adverse reactions to albuterol. These reactions require immediate medical attention and can include:

Paradoxical Bronchospasm

Can albuterol worsen breathing problems? In rare cases, albuterol can cause paradoxical bronchospasm, a potentially life-threatening condition where breathing or wheezing worsens. If this occurs, discontinue use immediately and seek emergency medical care.

Allergic Reactions

Serious allergic reactions to albuterol may manifest as:

• Hives
• Skin rash
• Swelling of the face, eyelids, lips, tongue, or throat
• Difficulty swallowing

Cardiovascular Effects

In some cases, albuterol can cause significant cardiovascular side effects, including:

• Rapid heart rate (tachycardia)
• Elevated blood pressure
• Chest pain

Severe Skin Reactions

Rarely, severe skin reactions such as erythema multiforme and Stevens-Johnson syndrome may occur, particularly in children. Symptoms can include:

• Itching and burning sensations
• Red lesions or rash spreading across the body
• Fever and chills

Long-Term Effects of Albuterol Use

While albuterol is generally considered safe for long-term use when taken as prescribed, there are some potential concerns associated with prolonged use:

Tolerance Development

Can the body become tolerant to albuterol over time? Some patients may develop a tolerance to albuterol with long-term use, requiring higher doses to achieve the same bronchodilatory effect. This can potentially lead to increased side effects and reduced efficacy.

Cardiovascular Stress

Long-term use of albuterol, especially at high doses, may put additional stress on the cardiovascular system. Regular monitoring by a healthcare provider is essential to assess any potential long-term cardiovascular effects.

Electrolyte Imbalances

Prolonged use of albuterol can potentially lead to electrolyte imbalances, particularly hypokalemia (low potassium levels). This can have implications for muscle function and heart rhythm.

Albuterol Interactions with Other Medications

Albuterol can interact with various other medications, potentially altering its effectiveness or increasing the risk of side effects. Some notable interactions include:

Beta-Blockers

How do beta-blockers affect albuterol’s efficacy? Beta-blockers can potentially reduce the effectiveness of albuterol by blocking its binding to beta-receptors in the airways. This interaction can be particularly problematic for patients with both cardiovascular conditions and asthma.

Diuretics

Certain diuretics, particularly those that can cause hypokalemia, may increase the risk of albuterol-induced electrolyte imbalances when used concurrently.

Other Sympathomimetic Agents

Combining albuterol with other sympathomimetic drugs can potentially increase the risk of cardiovascular side effects. This includes some over-the-counter decongestants and weight loss medications.

Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs)

The concurrent use of albuterol with MAOIs can potentially lead to severe hypertension and should be approached with caution.

Monitoring and Managing Albuterol Use

To ensure safe and effective use of albuterol, consider the following strategies:

1. Regular check-ups with a healthcare provider to assess efficacy and monitor for side effects
2. Keeping a log of albuterol use to track frequency and identify any patterns of increased need
3. Being aware of signs of worsening asthma, which may require adjustments to the treatment plan
4. Proper inhaler technique to maximize medication delivery and minimize side effects
5. Discussing all medications, supplements, and herbal products with a healthcare provider to avoid potential interactions

Special Considerations for Albuterol Use

Certain populations may require special considerations when using albuterol:

Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Is albuterol safe during pregnancy and breastfeeding? While albuterol is generally considered safe for use during pregnancy and breastfeeding, it’s essential to discuss the potential risks and benefits with a healthcare provider. The importance of asthma control during pregnancy often outweighs the potential risks of medication use.

Pediatric Use

Albuterol is approved for use in children, but dosing and administration may differ from adults. Close monitoring for side effects and proper inhaler technique is crucial in pediatric patients.

Elderly Patients

Older adults may be more sensitive to the effects of albuterol, particularly its cardiovascular effects. Dosing adjustments and closer monitoring may be necessary in this population.

Patients with Cardiovascular Conditions

Individuals with pre-existing cardiovascular conditions should use albuterol with caution and under close medical supervision due to its potential effects on heart rate and blood pressure.

Alternative and Complementary Approaches to Asthma Management

While albuterol plays a crucial role in asthma management, it’s important to consider a comprehensive approach to respiratory health. Some complementary strategies include:

• Environmental control measures to reduce exposure to asthma triggers
• Regular exercise and maintaining a healthy weight
• Stress reduction techniques such as meditation or yoga
• Proper nutrition and hydration
• Breathing exercises to improve lung function

Can these approaches replace albuterol? While these strategies can support overall respiratory health, they should not be considered a replacement for prescribed medications like albuterol. Always consult with a healthcare provider before making any changes to an asthma management plan.

Understanding the potential side effects, interactions, and long-term implications of albuterol use is crucial for patients and healthcare providers alike. By maintaining open communication, adhering to prescribed regimens, and staying vigilant for any adverse reactions, individuals can maximize the benefits of albuterol while minimizing potential risks. As with any medication, the key lies in finding the right balance between effective symptom control and minimizing side effects, always under the guidance of a qualified healthcare professional.

Side Effects, Dosage, Uses, and More

Highlights for albuterol

1. Albuterol inhalation suspension is not available as a brand-name drug and a generic drug. Brand names: ProAir HFA, Ventolin HFA, and Proventil HFA.
2. Albuterol is available as an inhalation suspension, nebulizer solution, inhalation powder, immediate-release tablet, extended-release tablet, or oral syrup. You take this drug by swallowing it or inhaling it.
3. Albuterol is used to relieve bronchospasm (tightening and swelling of the muscles around the airways) in children and adults with asthma. It’s also used to prevent exercise-induced asthma.

• Worsening breathing or wheezing (paradoxical bronchospasm): This drug can make your breathing or wheezing worse. This can be life threatening. If this happens, stop taking this drug right away. Your doctor will give you a different medication. Paradoxical bronchospasms usually occur with the first use of a new canister or vial.
• Worsening asthma: If you need more doses of this drug than usual, this might mean your asthma has gotten worse. If this happens, see your doctor. They may give you a different medication, such as an inhaled corticosteroid.

Albuterol is a prescription drug. It’s available as an inhalation suspension, nebulizer solution, inhalation powder, immediate-release tablet, extended-release tablet, or oral syrup.

Albuterol inhalation suspension is a prescription drug that’s available as the brand-name drugs ProAir HFA, Ventolin HFA, and Proventil HFA. It’s also available as a generic drug. Generic drugs usually cost less. In some cases, they may not be available in every strength or form as the brand-name version.

To help treat asthma symptoms, albuterol may be taken as part of a combination therapy with inhaled corticosteroids, long-acting beta agonists, and bronchodilators.

Why it’s used

This drug is used to treat or prevent bronchospasm, which is tightening and swelling of the muscles around the airways. It’s used in people with asthma (reversible obstructive airway disease).

It’s also used to prevent exercise-induced bronchospasm.

How it works

Albuterol belongs to a class of drugs called beta2-adrenergic agonist bronchodilators. A class of drugs is a group of medications that work in a similar way. They are often used to treat similar conditions.

This drug helps to relax the airway muscles for up to 6–12 hours. This helps you breathe more easily.

Albuterol inhalation suspension doesn’t cause drowsiness, but it can cause other side effects.

More common side effects

Some of the more common side effects that can occur with albuterol include:

• fast or irregular heart rate
• chest pain
• shakiness
• nervousness
• headache
• nausea
• vomiting
• dizziness
• sore throat
• runny nose

If these effects are mild, they may go away within a few days or a couple of weeks. If they’re more severe or don’t go away, talk with your doctor or pharmacist.

Serious side effects

Call your doctor right away if you have serious side effects. Call 911 if your symptoms feel life threatening or if you think you’re having a medical emergency. Serious side effects and their symptoms can include the following:

• tightening and swelling of the muscles around your airways (bronchospasm). Symptoms include:
  • trouble breathing
  • wheezing
• serious allergic reaction. Symptoms include:
  • hives
  • skin rash
  • swelling of your face, eyelids, lips, tongue, or throat
  • trouble swallowing
  • worsening of your breathing problems, such as wheezing, chest tightness, or shortness of breath
  • shock (loss of blood pressure and consciousness)
• heart problems. Symptoms include:
  • faster heart rate
  • higher blood pressure
• severe skin reactions, such as erythema multiforme and Stevens-Johnson syndrome, may rarely occur in children. Symptoms can include:
  • itching
  • burning
  • red lesions or a rash that spreads over your body
  • fever
  • chills

Disclaimer: Our goal is to provide you with the most relevant and current information. However, because drugs affect each person differently, we cannot guarantee that this information includes all possible side effects. This information is not a substitute for medical advice. Always discuss possible side effects with a healthcare professional who knows your medical history.

Albuterol inhalation suspension can interact with other medications, vitamins, or herbs you may be taking. An interaction is when a substance changes the way a drug works. This can be harmful or prevent the drug from working well.

To help avoid interactions, your doctor should manage all of your medications carefully. Be sure to tell your doctor about all medications, vitamins, or herbs you’re taking. To find out how this drug might interact with something else you’re taking, talk with your doctor or pharmacist.

Examples of drugs that can cause interactions with albuterol are listed below.

Blood pressure drugs

In general, people with asthma shouldn’t use blood pressure medications called beta-blockers. Beta-blockers block the effects that albuterol has on your breathing. This can cause severe bronchospasms and more trouble breathing in people with asthma.

Examples of beta-blockers include:

• propranolol
• atenolol

Using other blood pressure drugs such as diuretics (water pills) with albuterol can cause heart rhythm changes and potassium levels that drop lower than normal. If these medications are given together, your doctor should monitor your potassium levels.

Examples of diuretics include:

• furosemide
• hydrochlorothiazide
• chlorthalidone
• bumetanide

Digoxin

Use caution when taking digoxin and albuterol together. Albuterol can lower digoxin levels in your body. This means that digoxin may not work as well. You doctor may adjust your digoxin dose and monitor your digoxin blood levels during treatment.

Depression medications

Use extreme caution if you take albuterol with certain depression medications or take them within 2 weeks of each other. Taking these drugs together may significantly increase the heart effects of albuterol.

Examples of depression medications include:

• monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), such as:
  • phenelzine
  • selegiline
  • tranylcypromine
• tricyclic antidepressants, such as:
  • amitriptyline
  • imipramine
  • nortriptyline

Disclaimer: Our goal is to provide you with the most relevant and current information. However, because drugs interact differently in each person, we cannot guarantee that this information includes all possible interactions. This information is not a substitute for medical advice. Always speak with your healthcare professional about possible interactions with all prescription drugs, vitamins, herbs and supplements, and over-the-counter drugs that you are taking.

This drug comes with several warnings.

Allergy warning

This drug can cause a severe allergic reaction. Symptoms can include:

• trouble breathing
• swelling of your throat or tongue
• hives

If you develop these symptoms, call 911 or go to the nearest emergency room.

Don’t take this drug again if you’ve ever had an allergic reaction to it. Taking it again could be fatal (cause death).

Warnings for people with certain health conditions

For people with heart disorders: Tell your doctor if you have a heart condition such as insufficiency, irregular heart rate, or high blood pressure. Albuterol may significantly change your blood pressure, heart rate, or pulse. This could make your heart condition worse.

For people with diabetes: Albuterol can make your blood sugar management worse. If you have diabetes, talk with your doctor about whether this drug is safe for you.

For people with an overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism): Albuterol may make your overactive thyroid worse. If you have this condition, talk with your doctor about whether this drug is safe for you.

For people with seizures: This drug can make your seizures worse. Talk with your doctor to find out if this drug is safe for you.

For people with low potassium levels: Albuterol can further lower your potassium levels. If you already have low potassium levels, this could cause negative heart effects.

Warnings for other groups

For pregnant women: Albuterol is a category C pregnancy drug. That means two things:

1. Research in animals has shown adverse effects to the fetus when the mother takes the drug.
2. There haven’t been enough studies done in humans to be certain how the drug might affect the fetus.

Talk with your doctor if you’re pregnant or planning to become pregnant. This drug should only be used if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.

For women who are breastfeeding: It isn’t known if albuterol passes into breast milk. If it does, it may cause side effects in a child who is breastfed. Talk with your doctor if you breastfeed your child. You may need to decide whether to stop breastfeeding or stop taking this medication.

For seniors: Older adults may process drugs more slowly. A normal adult dose may cause levels of the drug to be higher than normal. If you’re a senior, you may need a lower dose or a different dosing schedule.

For children: The safety and effectiveness of this drug hasn’t been established in children under 4 years old. This drug shouldn’t be used in children younger than 4 years.

All possible dosages and forms may not be included here. Your dose, form, and how often you take it will depend on:

• your age
• the condition being treated
• how severe your condition is
• other medical conditions you have
• how you react to the first dose

Forms and strengths

Generic: Albuterol

• Form: Inhalation aerosol (used in a metered dose inhaler)
• Strengths:
  • 6. 7 g/200 actuations
  • 8.5 g/200 actuations
  • 18 g/200 actuations

Brand: ProAir HFA

• Form: Inhalation aerosol (used in a metered dose inhaler)
• Strengths: 8.5 g/200 actuations

Brand: Ventolin HFA

• Form: Inhalation aerosol (used in a metered dose inhaler)
• Strengths:
  • 18 g/200 actuations
  • 8 g/60 actuations

Brand: Proventil HFA

• Form: Inhalation aerosol (used in a metered dose inhaler)
• Strengths: 6.7 g/200 actuations

Dosage for bronchospasm

Adult dosage (ages 18–64 years)

• The typical dosage is 2 inhalations taken by mouth every 4–6 hours. Some people may only need 1 inhalation every 4 hours.
• You shouldn’t take more inhalations or take your drug more often.

Child dosage (ages 4–17 years)

• The typical dosage is 2 inhalations taken by mouth every 4–6 hours. Some people may only need 1 inhalation every 4 hours.
• Your child shouldn’t take more inhalations or take the medication more often.

Child dosage (ages 0–3 years)

The safety and effectiveness of this drug hasn’t been established in children younger than 4 years old.

Senior dosage (ages 65 years and older)

Older adults may process drugs more slowly. A normal adult dose may cause levels of the drug to be higher than normal. If you’re a senior, you may need a lower dose or a different schedule.

Dosage to prevent exercise-induced asthma

Adult dosage (ages 18–64 years)

• The typical dosage is 2 inhalations taken by mouth, taken 15–30 minutes before starting exercise.

Child dosage (ages 4–17 years)

• The typical dosage is 2 inhalations taken by mouth, taken 15–30 minutes before starting exercise.

Child dosage (ages 0–3 years)

The safety and effectiveness of this drug hasn’t been established in children younger than 4 years old.

Senior dosage (ages 65 years and older)

Older adults may process drugs more slowly. A normal adult dose may cause levels of the drug to be higher than normal. If you’re a senior, you may need a lower dose or a different schedule.

Disclaimer: Our goal is to provide you with the most relevant and current information. However, because drugs affect each person differently, we cannot guarantee that this list includes all possible dosages. This information is not a substitute for medical advice. Always speak with your doctor or pharmacist about dosages that are right for you.

Albuterol is used for short-term and long-term treatment. You can use this drug during flare-ups for your asthma. You might also need to take this drug long-term to relieve shortness of breath, wheezing, and coughing due to your asthma.

Albuterol comes with risks if you don’t take it as prescribed.

If you stop taking the drug or don’t take it at all: If you don’t take albuterol at all, your asthma might get worse. This can lead to irreversible scarring of your airway. You’ll likely have shortness of breath, wheezing, and coughing.

If you miss doses or don’t take the drug on schedule: This drug is used on an as-needed basis. However, if you’re having acute flare-ups of asthma, you should be taking this drug 3 to 4 times a day. If you don’t take it on schedule during this time, you’ll likely have more trouble breathing.

If you take too much: You could have dangerous levels of the drug in your body. You may have the following symptoms:

• fast heart rate
• arrhythmia (irregular heart rate)
• jitteriness

If you think you’ve taken too much of the drug, act right away. Call your doctor or local poison control center, or go to the nearest emergency room.

What to do if you miss a dose: This drug can be used as needed. If you’re using it on a scheduled basis (for asthma flare-ups) and miss a dose, take your dose as soon as you remember. Never try to catch up by taking two doses at once. This could result in dangerous side effects.

How to tell if the drug is working: If this drug is working, your asthma symptoms should get better. You may not have as much shortness of breath, wheezing, or coughing.

Keep these considerations in mind if your doctor prescribes albuterol for you.

General

• You can take this drug with or without food.
• Take this drug at the time(s) recommended by your doctor.

Storage

• Store the metered dose inhaler at room temperature with the mouthpiece down.
• Keep this drug at a temperature between 59°F and 77°F (15°C and 25°C).
• Keep it away from extreme heat or cold. Temperatures above 120°F (49°C) may cause the canister to burst.
• Don’t store this medication in moist or damp areas, such as bathrooms.

Medication usage

• Shake the canister well before each use.
• Don’t puncture the canister.
• Don’t store the canister near heat or flame.
• Don’t throw the canister into a fire or incinerator.
• Avoid spraying it in your eyes.

Refills

A prescription for this medication is refillable. You should not need a new prescription for this medication to be refilled. Your doctor will write the number of refills authorized on your prescription.

Travel

When traveling with your medication:

• Always carry your medication with you. When flying, never put it into a checked bag. Keep it in your carry-on bag.
• Don’t worry about airport X-ray machines. They can’t hurt your medication.
• You may need to show airport staff the pharmacy label for your medication. Always carry the original prescription-labeled box with you.
• Don’t put this medication in your car’s glove compartment or leave it in the car. Be sure to avoid doing this when the weather is very hot or very cold.

Self-management

Your doctor, nurse, or pharmacist will show you how to prime and use your metered dose inhaler.

Prime your metered dose inhaler as often as the manufacturer’s instructions say to do so.

To use your inhaler:

• Shake the inhaler well before each spray. Take the cap off the mouthpiece of the actuator.
• Hold the inhaler with the mouthpiece facing down.
• Breathe out through your mouth and push as much air from your lungs as you can. Put the mouthpiece in your mouth and close your lips around it.
• Push the top of the canister all the way down while you breathe in deeply and slowly through your mouth.
• Right after the spray comes out, take your finger off the canister. After you’ve breathed in all the way, take the inhaler out of your mouth and close your mouth.
• Hold your breath for as long as you can, up to 10 seconds, and then breathe normally. If your doctor told you to use more sprays, wait 1 minute, shake, and use it again.
• Put the cap back on the mouthpiece after every time you use the inhaler. Make sure the cap snaps firmly into place.
• Clean your inhaler by following the manufacturer’s instructions.

Clinical monitoring

Your doctor will monitor your lung function. This will tell you if your medication is working. This monitoring may be done using spirometry.

There are other drugs available to treat your condition. Some may be better suited for you than others. Talk with your doctor about other drug options that may work for you.

Disclaimer: Healthline has made every effort to make certain that all information is factually correct, comprehensive, and up-to-date. However, this article should not be used as a substitute for the knowledge and expertise of a licensed healthcare professional. You should always consult your doctor or other healthcare professional before taking any medication. The drug information contained herein is subject to change and is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, warnings, drug interactions, allergic reactions, or adverse effects. The absence of warnings or other information for a given drug does not indicate that the drug or drug combination is safe, effective, or appropriate for all patients or all specific uses.

Albuterol Sulfate Inhalation: Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures, Warnings & Dosing

Read the Patient Information Leaflet and Instructions for Use provided by your pharmacist before you start using this medication and each time you get a refill. Follow the illustrated directions for the proper use of this medication. If you have any questions, ask your doctor or pharmacist.

Some brands of this inhaler have a built-in sensor that can store data on its use. This information can be used with a smartphone application (app). Read the manufacturer’s information on how to set up and use the app. You do not have to use the app in order for the inhaler to work. You can review the data and share it with your health care provider if you want to.

Inhale this medication by mouth as directed by your doctor, usually every 4 to 6 hours as needed. The dosage is based on your medical condition and response to treatment. Do not increase your dose or use this drug more often than prescribed without your doctor’s approval. Using too much of this medication will increase your risk of serious (possibly fatal) side effects.

If you are using this medication to prevent asthma brought on by exercise, use it 15 to 30 minutes before exercise.

Do not use a spacer with this inhaler and do not open the cap unless you are ready to take a dose.

Before use, hold the inhaler upright and open the cap. You should hear a click, which means the inhaler is ready for use. Place the mouthpiece near your mouth and breathe out as far as is comfortable. Do not breathe into the inhaler device. Then put the mouthpiece in your mouth, close your lips around it, and breathe in steadily and deeply. Hold your breath for about 10 seconds, or for as long as is comfortable. Close the cap after each use.

Clean the outside of the mouthpiece with a dry tissue or cloth as needed. Do not use water or any other liquid for cleaning. If liquid gets into the inhaler, it may not work properly. Replace the inhaler if it has been washed or placed in water.

If a child is using this medication, a parent or other responsible adult may need to help the child use the inhaler properly.

If you are using other inhalers at the same time, wait at least 1 minute between the use of each medication.

Always have this quick-relief inhaler with you. Keep track of the number of inhalations used from each device. Discard the device after you have used the number of inhalations marked on the manufacturer’s package.

Learn which of your inhalers you should use every day (controller drugs) and which you should use if your breathing suddenly worsens (quick-relief drugs). Ask your doctor ahead of time what you should do if you have new or worsening cough or shortness of breath, wheezing, increased sputum, worsening peak flow meter readings, waking up at night with trouble breathing, if you use your quick-relief inhaler more often (more than 2 days a week), or if your quick-relief inhaler does not seem to be working well. Learn when you can treat sudden breathing problems by yourself and when you must get medical help right away.

Tell your doctor if your symptoms do not improve or if they worsen.

Albuterol: Dosage & Side Effects – 2023

• Inhaler and Dosage Tablets
• Side Effects

Albuterol is a type of adrenergic bronchodilator prescribed for people with asthma, emphysema, bronchitis, and other conditions lungs, according to the Mayo Clinic. It works by relaxing and opening the airways to the lungs to make breathing easier, which can prevent and treat so-called bronchospasms – wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness.

However, people should treat it like a rescue inhaler, not a daily medicine, said Dr. Len Horowitz, a lung specialist at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York.

“That’s what you get when you really need something,” Horowitz told WordsSideKick.com. “This is the drug I need now.”

Inhaler and Tablet Dosage

Adults and children over 4 years of age who need albuterol to prevent or treat bronchospasm may need two puffs every four to six hours, according to Horowitz. The Mayo Clinic reports that to prevent exercise-induced bronchoconstriction, adults and children over 4 years of age can take two inhalations 15 to 30 minutes before exercise.

But “if you’re using albuterol more than twice a week, there’s something wrong with your regimen and you need to check with your doctor,” he said.

Albuterol can be taken as a spray solution (a liquid that turns into an inhalable mist with a nebulizer) or as an aerosol that can be inhaled through the mouth through an inhaler.

Albuterol aerosol inhaler is supplied in canisters for approximately 200 inhalations. After using the exact number of inhalations, it is important to discard the canister, even if it still contains some liquid and continues to spray. After exceeding the specified number of puffs, the inhaler may not deliver the correct amount of medication. Some inhalers come with a counter that keeps track of the number of nebulizers used. When the number reaches 020, it’s time to call the doctor for a refill. If a counter is not available, patients should self-monitor their inhalations.

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) has step-by-step instructions for using your inhaler and nebulizer.

Patients taking albuterol tablets, extended release tablets, or liquid should follow their physician’s instructions exactly. It is important to swallow the extended-release tablet whole and not to chew, crush, or break it. Part of the extended-release tablets may appear in the stool of patients while using the medicine. This is not a problem or a cause for concern.

Side effects

Albuterol may cause side effects. The NIH lists the following as less serious, although a doctor should be consulted if they do not go away:

• uncontrollable shaking of a body part
• nervousness
• Headache
• nausea
• vomiting
• cough
• throat irritation
• muscle pain , bones, or back

The following are more serious side effects, and if they occur, seek medical attention immediately:

• fast, pounding, or irregular heartbeat
• chest pain
• rash
• urticaria
• itching
• swelling of the face, throat, tongue, lips, eyes, hands, feet , ankles or lower legs
• difficulty breathing
• Difficulty swallowing
• hoarseness

Albuterol can be overdosed. The following are symptoms of an overdose:

• seizures
• chest pain
• fast, irregular or pounding heartbeat
• nervousness
• headache
• uncontrollable shaking of a body part
• dry mouth
• nausea
• dizziness
• extreme fatigue

9 0003 lack of energy

• difficulty falling or sleeping

Before taking albuterol, patients should report their doctor if they suffer from any of the following symptoms:

• heart disease, congestive heart failure, abnormal heart rhythm or high blood pressure
• epilepsy or other seizure disorder
• diabetes
• overactive thyroid

Patients should tell their doctor if they are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. However, “the most detrimental thing to an embryo or fetus is lack of oxygen,” and women should take albuterol if they need it and if their doctor approves, Horowitz said. Between 4 and 12 percent of pregnant women in the US have asthma; and 3 percent of pregnant women take asthma medications, including bronchodilators such as albuterol, according to the CDC.

A study published in the January 2012 issue of Pediatrics found that the use of asthma medications during pregnancy – albuterol was the most common medication used in the study – did not increase the risk of most birth defects studied. However, it has shown that the drug may increase the risk of certain birth defects, such as birth defects of the esophagus, anus, and abdominal wall.

The FDA classifies albuterol as Category C, which means it is not known if it can cause fetal harm. Its effects while breastfeeding are also not known, so women should proceed with caution before taking it, according to the Mayo Clinic.

Additional Resources:

• Go to NIH to find out when is the best time to use albuterol.
• Find out how much an albuterol inhaler should cost at Cost Helper.
• Albuterol information from PubMed Health.

This article is for informational purposes only and is not intended to provide medical advice. This article was updated on May 13, 2015 by WordsSideKick.com Senior Writer Laura Geggel and on October 17, 2018 by WordsSideKick.com Executive Editor Jeanne Breiner.

Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

Adult Medication

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This document, provided by Lexicomp ^® , contains all the information you need to know about this medicine, including indications, directions for use, side effects, and when your healthcare provider should be contacted.

What is this medicine used for?

• It is used to open the airways in lung conditions where spasms can interfere with breathing.

What should I tell my doctor BEFORE taking this drug?

• If you have an allergy to albuterol, pirbuterol, or any other part of this drug.
• If you are allergic to similar drugs, any other medicines, foods or other substances. Tell your doctor if you have allergies and symptoms such as rash, hives, itching, shortness of breath, wheezing, cough, swelling of your face, lips, tongue or throat, or any other symptoms.
• If you are using or will continue to use a similar drug.

This list of drugs and conditions that may interact with this drug is not exhaustive.

Tell your doctor and pharmacist about all medicines you take (both prescription and over-the-counter, natural products and vitamins) and any health problems you have. You need to make sure that this drug is safe for your conditions and in combination with other drugs you are already taking. Do not start or stop taking any drug or change the dosage without your doctor’s advice.

What are the precautions for taking this medicine?

• Tell all your health care workers that you are taking this drug. These are doctors, nurses, pharmacists and dentists.
• Avoid driving or doing other tasks or jobs that require alertness or keen eyesight until you know how this drug affects you.
• Carry information with you to identify the disease.
• Call your doctor right away if your usual dose of the drug does not work, or if you have to use this drug more often than usual.
• If you have high blood sugar (diabetes), this drug can sometimes raise your blood sugar even more. Discuss with your doctor how you can keep your blood sugar under control.
• Do not give this drug to children under 12 years of age.
• Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. The benefits and risks of taking this drug during pregnancy will need to be discussed.
• Tell your doctor if you are breastfeeding. It is necessary to consult whether the drug poses any risk to the child.

Reasons to call your doctor right away.

WARNING. In rare cases, this drug can cause serious and sometimes deadly side effects in some patients. Call your doctor right away or get medical help if you have any of the following signs or symptoms that could be associated with serious side effects:

• Signs of an allergic reaction, such as rash, hives, itching, red and swollen skin with blisters or peeling, possibly accompanied by fever, wheezing or wheezing, tightness in the chest or throat, difficulty breathing, swallowing or speaking, unusual hoarseness, swelling in the mouth, face, lips, tongue or throat.
• Signs of low potassium, such as muscle pain or weakness, muscle cramps, or a feeling of irregular heartbeat.
• Inability to control breathlessness. Seek emergency medical attention immediately.
• Pain or pressure in the chest or a fast heartbeat.
• Feeling of abnormal heartbeat.
• Nervousness or excitability.
• Severe dizziness or fainting.
• Strong headache.
• Confusion of consciousness.
• Depression.
• Shiver.
• This drug can cause very serious and sometimes deadly breathing problems. This can be life threatening. When this happens with an inhaler or inhalation solution, it most often happens the first time you use a new vial of the drug. If you experience breathing problems, such as difficulty breathing, wheezing, or coughing, seek immediate medical attention.

What are some side effects of this drug?

Any medicine can have side effects. However, for many people, side effects are either minor or non-existent. Contact your doctor or seek medical attention if these or any other side effects bother you or do not go away:

• Nervous tension and agitation.

This list of possible side effects is not exhaustive. If you have any questions about side effects, please contact your doctor. Talk to your doctor about side effects.

You can report side effects to the National Health Office.

What is the best way to take this medicine?

Use this drug as directed by your doctor. Read all the information provided to you. Strictly follow all instructions.

• Follow your doctor’s instructions for taking this drug. Do not take more than the prescribed dose.
• Avoid contact with eyes.
• For inhalation only.
• Prepare the inhaler if it is being used for the first time, and also if it has not been used for 2 days before. Spray into the air for testing 2 times.
• Shake well before use.
• A pad can be used with an inhaler to make it easier for the medication to get in.
• After completing the dose, close the cap.
• Check the condition of your inhaler with your doctor at each visit. Read and follow all instructions included with the inhaler. It is extremely important to use the inhaler correctly.
• If you use more than one type of inhaler, ask your doctor which one to use first.
• Follow the cleaning instructions exactly.
• This product is flammable. Do not use near open flames or while smoking.

What if I miss a dose?

• If you take the drug regularly, take the missed dose as soon as you can.
• If it’s time for your next dose, don’t take the missed dose and then go back to your regular dosing schedule.
• Do not inhale a double or extra dose.
• In most cases, this drug is used as needed. Do not take the drug more often than prescribed by your doctor.

How should I store this medicine?

• Store at room temperature.
• Throw away the inhaler after using the recommended maximum amount of aerosol, even if there seems to be more medicine left in the container.
• Do not expose to heat and sunlight. Do not pierce or burn, even if it appears to be empty.
• Store in a dry place. Do not store in the bathroom.
• Keep all medicines in a safe place. Keep all medicines out of the reach of children and pets.
• Dispose of unused or expired drugs. Do not empty into a toilet or sewer unless instructed to do so. If you have any questions about disposing of medicines, ask your pharmacist. Drug recycling programs may be in place in your area.

General approval

• If your health does not improve or even worsens, see your doctor.
• Do not give your medicine to anyone and do not take other people’s medicines.
• You should keep a list of all your medications (prescription, natural products or supplements, vitamins, and over-the-counter medications). This list should be shown to your doctor.
• Talk to your doctor before starting any new drug, including over-the-counter drugs, natural products, and vitamins.
• Some medicines may come with other patient information leaflets. If you have questions about this drug, talk with your doctor, nurse, pharmacist, or other health care professional.
• If you think you have overdosed, call a poison control center or get medical help right away. Be prepared to tell or show what drug you took, how much, and when it happened.

Use of consumer information and disclaimer

This information should not be used to make decisions about taking this or any other drug. Only the attending physician has the necessary knowledge and experience to make decisions about which drugs are appropriate for a particular patient. This information is not a guarantee that the drug is safe, effective or approved for the treatment of any disease or specific patients. Here are only brief general information about this drug. It does NOT provide all available information on the possible use of the drug with instructions for use, warnings, precautions, information about interactions, unwanted effects and risks that may be associated with this drug.