Bismatrol Uses, Side Effects & Warnings

Generic name: bismuth subsalicylate [ BIZ-muth-sub-sa-LISS-i-late ]
Brand names: Bismarex, Bismatrol, Bismatrol Maximum Strength, Kaopectate, Kola-Pectin DS,
… show all 10 brands
Peptic Relief, Pepto-Bismol, Percy Medicine, Pink Bismuth, Soothe Caplets

Drug class: Antidiarrheals

Medically reviewed by Drugs.com on Mar 6, 2023. Written by Cerner Multum.

What is Bismatrol?

Bismatrol is used to treat diarrhea, nausea, heartburn, indigestion, gas, or upset stomach.

Bismatrol may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.

Warnings

You should not use Bismatrol if you have bleeding problems, a stomach ulcer, blood in your stools, or if you are allergic to aspirin or other salicylates.

Do not give this medicine to a child or teenager with a fever, flu symptoms, or chickenpox.

Before taking this medicine

You should not use Bismatrol if you are allergic to it, or if you have:

• black or bloody stools;

• a stomach ulcer;

• bleeding problems; or

• if you are allergic to salicylates such as aspirin, Doan’s Extra Strength, Salflex, Tricosal, and others.

Do not give this medicine to a child or teenager with a fever, flu symptoms, or chickenpox. Salicylates can cause Reye’s syndrome, a serious and sometimes fatal condition in children.

Ask a doctor or pharmacist if this medicine is safe to use if you have:

Ask a doctor before using this medicine if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.

Do not give this medicine to a child younger than 12 years old without medical advice.

How should I take Bismatrol?

Use exactly as directed on the label, or as prescribed by your doctor.

Shake the oral suspension (liquid) before you measure a dose. Use the dosing syringe provided, or use a medicine dose-measuring device (not a kitchen spoon).

You must chew the chewable tablet before you swallow it.

Drink plenty of liquids while you are taking Bismatrol.

Do not take more than 8 doses in one day (24 hours).

Call your doctor if you still have diarrhea after 2 days of using Bismatrol.

This medicine can affect the results of certain medical tests. Tell any doctor who treats you that you are using Bismatrol.

Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat. Do not freeze.

What happens if I miss a dose?

Since Bismatrol is used when needed, you may not be on a dosing schedule. Skip any missed dose if it’s almost time for your next dose. Do not use two doses at one time.

Do not take more than 8 doses per day.

What happens if I overdose?

Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222.

Overdose symptoms may include weakness, depression, anxiety, feeling irritable, problems with balance or coordination, confusion, tremors, or jerky muscle movements.

What should I avoid while taking Bismatrol?

Ask a doctor or pharmacist before taking other antacids or diarrhea medicine, or taking medicine that may contain a salicylate (such as aspirin, salsalate, magnesium salicylate, choline salicylate, diflunisal, Ecotrin, Tricosal, Trilisate, and others).

Bismatrol side effects

Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat.

Stop taking Bismatrol and call your doctor at once if you have:

• changes in behavior with nausea and vomiting;

• hearing loss or ringing in your ears;

• diarrhea lasting longer than 2 days; or

• worsened stomach symptoms.

Bismatrol can cause you to have a black or darkened tongue. This is a harmless side effect.

Common side effects include:

This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

What other drugs will affect Bismatrol?

Ask a doctor or pharmacist before using Bismatrol with any other medications, especially:

• arthritis medicine;

• gout medicine;

• insulin or oral diabetes medications; or

• a blood thinner–warfarin, Coumadin, Jantoven.

This list is not complete. Other drugs may affect Bismatrol, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible drug interactions are listed here.

Popular FAQ

Black hairy tongue is often caused by a bacterial or yeast overgrowth in the mouth. It results in a dark, furry appearance of dead skin cells on the surface of the tongue that can be stained from bacteria, food, or tobacco. Although unpleasant, it’s usually temporary and harmless. Continue reading

More about Bismatrol (bismuth subsalicylate)

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• Compare alternatives
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• Drug images
• Latest FDA alerts (1)
• Side effects
• Dosage information
• During pregnancy
• Drug class: antidiarrheals
• Breastfeeding
• En español

Patient resources

• Advanced Reading

Other brands

Pepto-Bismol, Kaopectate, Pink Bismuth, Peptic Relief, . .. +5 more

Other formulations

• Bismatrol Maximum Strength

Related treatment guides

• Diarrhea
• Diarrhea, Chronic
• Helicobacter Pylori Infection
• Indigestion
• Lymphocytic Colitis
• Traveler’s Diarrhea

Further information

Remember, keep this and all other medicines out of the reach of children, never share your medicines with others, and use this medication only for the indication prescribed.

Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances.

Medical Disclaimer

Copyright 1996-2023 Cerner Multum, Inc. Version: 4.02.

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bismuth subsalicylate

What is the most important information I should know about bismuth subsalicylate?

What is the most important information I should know about bismuth subsalicylate?

You should not use this medicine if you have bleeding problems, a stomach ulcer, blood in your stools, or if you are allergic to aspirin or other salicylates.

Do not give this medicine to a child or teenager with a fever, flu symptoms, or chickenpox.

What is bismuth subsalicylate?

What is bismuth subsalicylate?

Bismuth subsalicylate is used to treat diarrhea, nausea, heartburn, indigestion, gas, or upset stomach.

Bismuth subsalicylate may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.

What should I discuss with my healthcare provider before taking bismuth subsalicylate?

What should I discuss with my healthcare provider before taking bismuth subsalicylate?

You should not use bismuth subsalicylate if you are allergic to it, or if you have:

• black or bloody stools;
• a stomach ulcer;
• bleeding problems; or
• if you are allergic to salicylates such as aspirin, Doan’s Extra Strength, Salflex, Tricosal, and others.

Do not give this medicine to a child or teenager with a fever, flu symptoms, or chickenpox. Salicylates can cause Reye’s syndrome, a serious and sometimes fatal condition in children.

Ask a doctor or pharmacist if this medicine is safe to use if you have:

• mucus in your stools; or
• if you currently have a fever.

Ask a doctor before using this medicine if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.

Do not give this medicine to a child younger than 12 years old without medical advice.

How should I take bismuth subsalicylate?

How should I take bismuth subsalicylate?

Use exactly as directed on the label, or as prescribed by your doctor.

Shake the oral suspension (liquid) before you measure a dose. Use the dosing syringe provided, or use a medicine dose-measuring device (not a kitchen spoon).

You must chew the chewable tablet before you swallow it.

Drink plenty of liquids while you are taking bismuth subsalicylate.

Do not take more than 8 doses in one day (24 hours).

Call your doctor if you still have diarrhea after 2 days of using this medicine.

This medicine can affect the results of certain medical tests. Tell any doctor who treats you that you are using bismuth subsalicylate.

Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat. Do not freeze.

What happens if I miss a dose?

What happens if I miss a dose?

Since bismuth subsalicylate is used when needed, you may not be on a dosing schedule. Skip any missed dose if it’s almost time for your next dose. Do not use two doses at one time.

Do not take more than 8 doses per day.

What happens if I overdose?

What happens if I overdose?

Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222.

Overdose symptoms may include weakness, depression, anxiety, feeling irritable, problems with balance or coordination, confusion, tremors, or jerky muscle movements.

What should I avoid while taking bismuth subsalicylate?

What should I avoid while taking bismuth subsalicylate?

Ask a doctor or pharmacist before taking other antacids or diarrhea medicine, or taking medicine that may contain a salicylate (such as aspirin, salsalate, magnesium salicylate, choline salicylate, diflunisal, Ecotrin, Tricosal, Trilisate, and others).

What are the possible side effects of bismuth subsalicylate?

What are the possible side effects of bismuth subsalicylate?

Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat.

Stop taking this medicine and call your doctor at once if you have:

• changes in behavior with nausea and vomiting;
• hearing loss or ringing in your ears;
• diarrhea lasting longer than 2 days; or
• worsened stomach symptoms.

Bismuth subsalicylate can cause you to have a black or darkened tongue. This is a harmless side effect.

Common side effects include:

• constipation; or
• dark colored stools.

This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

What other drugs will affect bismuth subsalicylate?

What other drugs will affect bismuth subsalicylate?

Ask a doctor or pharmacist before using bismuth subsalicylate with any other medications, especially:

• arthritis medicine;
• gout medicine;
• insulin or oral diabetes medications; or
• a blood thinner –warfarin, Coumadin, Jantoven.

This list is not complete. Other drugs may affect bismuth subsalicylate, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible drug interactions are listed here.

Where can I get more information?

This information does not replace the advice of a doctor. Healthwise, Incorporated, disclaims any warranty or liability for your use of this information. Your use of this information means that you agree to the Terms of Use. Learn how we develop our content.

Healthwise, Healthwise for every health decision, and the Healthwise logo are trademarks of Healthwise, Incorporated.

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instructions for use, dosage, composition, analogues, side effects / Pillintrip

Page reviewed by pharmacist Fedorchenko Olga Valerievna izmopenBesmalBismatrolKola-Pectin DSKaopectate Bismuth Subsalicylate InfantsBismuth CPCKaopectate (Oral)Bitni XPepto -Bismol Extra Strength

Top 20 drugs with the same use:

ReglanPeptolitePink BismuthAkso-DKola-PectinPeoptogastrinSetlers AntacidBismosanKapectolin (Oral)Maalox Total Stomach ReliefBismolDiotameMajor BismatrolMajor Kao-TinPeptic ReliefPep to-Bismol Maximum StrengthExamples include KaopectateKaopectate Extra Strength(ANTASID)Kaopectate suspensionMaalox Total Stomach Relief Liquid

Name of the medicine

Description The name of the medicine Bismatrol is an automatic translation from the original language.
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Bismatrol

Composition

Description Composition Bismatrol is an automatic translation from the original language.
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This description may contain numerous errors due to automatic translation!
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Bismuth Subsalicylate

Therapeutic indications

Description Therapeutic indications Bismatrol is an automatic translation from the original language.
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For quick relief of indigestion, indigestion, heartburn and nausea. Controls diarrhea.

Dosage and Administration

Description Bismatrol Dosage and Administration is an automatic translation from the original language.
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Adults and children 16 years of age and older: 2 tablets

Repeat dose every 1/2 to 1 hour if needed. Do not exceed 16 tablets per 24 hours.

One adult dose (2 tablets) contains 525 mg of bismuth subsalicylate

Do not exceed the recommended dose.

Pepto-Bismatrol can be taken before or after meals, on an empty stomach or on a full stomach.

For oral use only.

Contraindications

Description Contraindications Bismatrol is an automatic translation from the original language.
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Be sure to read the original instructions for the medicine from the package.
This description may contain numerous errors due to automatic translation!
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Pepto-Bismatrol should not be used in patients hypersensitive to aspirin or other salicylates.

Pepto-Bismatrol should not be used in patients who are hypersensitive to any ingredient in the formulation.

Pepto-Bismatrol should not be used by children under 16 years of age.

Special Warnings and Precautions

Description Special Warnings and Precautions Bismatrol is an automatic translation from the original language.
Do not use this information for any medical prescription or manipulation under any circumstances.
Be sure to read the original instructions for the medicine from the package.
This description may contain numerous errors due to automatic translation!
Keep this in mind and do not use this description!

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Do not take aspirin or other salicylates

Pepto-bismatrol should not be used in persons under 16 years of age due to a possible association between salicylates and Reye’s syndrome, a very rare but very serious condition.

Caution should be exercised in patients who have bleeding disorders or gout, or who are taking medications for coagulation (blood washing), diabetes, or gout.

Pepto-Bismatrol should not be used if symptoms are severe or persist for more than 2 days.

Fluid and electrolyte depletion may occur in patients with diarrhea, especially frail and elderly patients. In such cases, the administration of appropriate fluid and electrolyte replacement therapy is the most important measure.

Do not exceed the recommended dose. Do not use for more than 2 days, except on the advice of a physician. Use at higher than recommended doses or for extended periods is associated with an increased risk of side effects (especially bismuth intoxication).

Keep all medicines out of the reach of children.

Effect on ability to drive and use machines

Description Effect on ability to drive and use machines Bismatrol is an automatic translation from the original language.
Do not use this information for any medical prescription or manipulation under any circumstances.
Be sure to read the original instructions for the medicine from the package.
This description may contain numerous errors due to automatic translation!
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Nobody.

Side effects

Description Side effects Bismatrol is an automatic translation from the original language.
Do not use this information for any medical prescription or manipulation under any circumstances.
Be sure to read the original instructions for the medicine from the package.
This description may contain numerous errors due to automatic translation!
Keep this in mind and do not use this description!

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Gastrointestinal disorders:

Black tongue common (> 1/100, <1/10)

Black stool very common (> 1/10)

Reporting suspected side effects reactions

Reporting suspected adverse reactions after drug approval is important. This allows continued monitoring of the benefit/risk balance of the medicinal product. Healthcare professionals are encouraged to report any suspected adverse reactions through the Yellow Card Scheme at: www.mhra.gov.uk/yellowcard .

Overdose

Description Overdose Bismatrol is an automatic translation from the original language.
Do not use this information for any medical prescription or manipulation under any circumstances.
Be sure to read the original instructions for the medicine from the package.
This description may contain numerous errors due to automatic translation!
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Bismuth

Bismuth intoxication can manifest as acute encephalopathy with confusion, myoclonic movements, tremor, dysarthria, walking and standing disorders. Bismuth intoxication can also cause gastrointestinal disturbances, skin reactions, mucosal discoloration, and renal dysfunction resulting from acute tubular necrosis. Treatment includes gastric lavage, cleansing and moisturizing. Chelating agents may be effective in the early stages after ingestion, and hemodialysis may be required.

Salicylate

An overdose of Pepto-bismatrol can also cause symptoms of salicylate inxification. Salicylate poisoning is usually associated with plasma concentrations >350 mg/L (2.5 mmol/L). Most adult deaths occur in patients whose concentrations exceed 700 mg/L (95.1 mmol/L). Single doses of less than 100 mg/kg are unlikely to cause serious poisoning.

If symptoms occur, use of Pepto-Bismatrol should be discontinued. Overdose management is the same as salicylate overdose

General features of include vomiting, dehydration, tinnitus, dizziness, deafness, sweating, warm extremities with limiting impulses, increased respiratory rate, and hyperventilation. Some degree of acid-base disturbance is present in most cases.

Mixed respiratory alkalosis and metabolic acidosis with normal or high arterial pH (normal or low concentration of hydrogen ions) usually in adults and children over four years of age. In children 4 years of age or less, dominant metabolic acidosis with low arterial pH (increased hydrogen ion concentration) is common. Acidosis can increase the transport of salicylate across the blood-brain barrier.

Unusual features of include hematemesis, hyperpyrexia, hypoglycemia, hypokalemia, thrombocytopenia, elevated INR/RTP, intravascular coagulation, renal failure, and non-cardiac pulmonary edema.

Features of the central nervous system, including confusion, disorientation, coma and seizures, are less common in adults than in children.

Administration: Give activated charcoal if an adult presents within one hour of taking more than 250 mg/kg. Plasma salicylate concentration should be measured, although the severity of poisoning cannot be determined from this alone, and clinical and biochemical features must be taken into account. Elimination is enhanced by alkalinization of urine, which is achieved with the introduction of 1.26% sodium bicarbonate. Urine pH should be monitored. Correct metabolic acidosis with intravenous 8.4% sodium bicarbonate (first serum potassium check). Forced diuresis should not be used as it does not improve salicylate excretion and may cause pulmonary edema.

Hemodialysis is the preferred treatment for severe poisoning and should be considered in patients with plasma salicylate concentrations > 700 mg/l (5.1 mmol/l) or lower concentrations associated with severe clinical or metabolic signs. Patients under ten years of age and over 70 years of age have an increased risk of salicylate toxicity and may need dialysis at an earlier stage.

Pharmacodynamics

Description Pharmacodynamics Bismatrol is an automatic translation from the original language.
Do not use this information for any medical prescription or manipulation under any circumstances.
Be sure to read the original instructions for the medicine from the package.
This description may contain numerous errors due to automatic translation!
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Pharmacotherapeutic code: ATC code A07B B

Demulcent base provides a protective coating in the lower esophagus and a partial coating in the stomach that keeps bismuth subsalicylate in suspension.

Limited in vitro studies have shown that BSS has some activity against enteropathogens, ie Clostridium. Bacterides, E. Coli, Salmonella Shigella, campoylobacter (Helicobacter) and Yersina, but not against anaerobes. Insufficient data to determine if these results have any bearing on treatment outcomes in the patient population that may receive BSS

Pharmacokinetics

Description Pharmacokinetics Bismatrol is an automatic translation from the original language.
Do not use this information for any medical prescription or manipulation under any circumstances.
Be sure to read the original instructions for the medicine from the package.
This description may contain numerous errors due to automatic translation!
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Bismuth subsalicylate is converted to bismuth carbonate and sodium salicylate in the small intestine.

The oral bioavailability of bismuth administered as bismuth subsalicylate is extremely low. Very little is known about the distribution of bismuth in human tissues. Renal clearance is the main route of elimination of absorbed bismuth, but biliary clearance may also play a role. The remainder is eliminated as insoluble bismuth salts in the faeces. Following the maximum recommended daily dose for adults, the mean biological half-life is approximately 33 hours, and peak plasma levels of bismuth remain below 35 ppm.

Salicylate is absorbed from the intestines and rapidly distributed to all body tissues. Peak plasma levels after the maximum recommended daily dose are around 110 µg/mL. Salicylate is rapidly eliminated from the body and has an average biological half-life of approximately 4 to 5.5 hours.

Preclinical Safety Data

Description Preclinical Safety Data Bismatrol is an automatic translation from the original language.
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This description may contain numerous errors due to automatic translation!
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No preclinical safety data relevant to healthcare professionals other than those already included in other sections of the SPC

Interactions

Description Interactions Bismatrol is an automatic translation from the original language.
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This description may contain numerous errors due to automatic translation!
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Nobody reported.

Special precautions for disposal and other handling

Description Special precautions for disposal and other handling Bismatrol is an automatic translation from the original language.
Do not use this information for any medical prescription or manipulation under any circumstances.
Be sure to read the original instructions for the medicine from the package.
This description may contain numerous errors due to automatic translation!
Keep this in mind and do not use this description!

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Nobody

Sources:

• https://www.drugs.com/mtm/bismarex.html
• https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term= bismatrol

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Bismuth Subsalicylate | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

Adult Medication

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This document, provided by Lexicomp ^® , contains all the information you need to know about this medicine, including indications, directions for use, side effects, and when your healthcare provider should be contacted.

Trade names: USA

Bismatrol Maximum Strength [OTC] [DSC]; Bismatrol [OTC]; Diotame InstyDose [OTC] Diotame [OTC] [DSC]; Geri-Pectate [OTC] [DSC]; GoodSense Stomach Relief [OTC]; Kao-Tin [OTC] [DSC]; Peptic Relief [OTC] [DSC]; Pepto-Bismol To-Go [OTC]; Pepto Bismol [OTC]; Pink Bismuth [OTC]; Stomach Relief Extra Strength [OTC]; Stomach Relief Plus [OTC]; Stomach Relief [OTC]

What is this drug used for?

• This drug is used to treat diarrhea.
• It is used to treat heartburn and nausea.

What should I tell my doctor BEFORE taking this drug?

For all patients taking this drug:

• If you have an allergy to this drug, any of its ingredients, other drugs, foods or substances. Tell your doctor about your allergies and how they have manifested.
• If you are allergic to aspirin or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen or naproxen.
• If you have any of the following health problems: bleeding, ulcers, or black, tarry, or bloody stools.
• If you are taking a salicylate such as aspirin.

Children:

• If your toddler or teen has symptoms of the flu, chickenpox or other viral infections, or is recovering. The risk of developing a very serious condition called Reye’s syndrome may be increased. Do not give this drug to a child or teenager who has or is recovering from a viral infection.

This list of drugs and conditions that may interact unfavorably with this drug is not exhaustive.

Tell your doctor and pharmacist about all medicines you take (prescription and over-the-counter, natural products and vitamins) and any health problems you have. You need to make sure that this drug is safe for your conditions and in combination with other drugs you are already taking. Do not start or stop taking any drug or change the dosage without your doctor’s advice.

What do I need to know or do while taking this drug?

• Tell all your health care workers that you are taking this drug. These are doctors, nurses, pharmacists and dentists.
• Tell your doctor if you are on a low-sodium or salt-free diet. Some of these drugs contain sodium.
• If you have phenylketonuria, talk to your doctor. Some foods contain phenylalanine.
• Tell your doctor if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding. The benefits and risks for you and your child will need to be discussed.

What side effects should I report to my doctor immediately?

WARNING. In rare cases, this drug can cause serious and sometimes deadly side effects in some patients. Call your doctor right away or get medical help if you have any of the following signs or symptoms that could be associated with serious side effects:

• Signs of an allergic reaction, such as rash, hives, itching, red and swollen skin with blisters or peeling, possibly accompanied by fever, wheezing or wheezing, tightness in the chest or throat, difficulty breathing, swallowing or speaking, unusual hoarseness, swelling in the mouth, face, lips, tongue or throat.
• Ringing in the ears, hearing loss, or any other hearing changes.

What are some other side effects of this drug?

Any medicine can have side effects. However, for many people, side effects are either minor or non-existent. Contact your doctor or seek medical attention if these or any other side effects bother you or do not go away:

• Constipation.
• Dark color of the tongue and feces. This is normal and not dangerous.

This list of possible side effects is not exhaustive. If you have any questions about side effects, please contact your doctor. Talk to your doctor about side effects.

You can report side effects to the National Health Board.

You can report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-332-1088. You can also report side effects at https://www.fda.gov/medwatch.

What is the best way to take this drug?

Use this drug as directed by your doctor. Read all the information provided to you. Strictly follow all instructions.

Tablets:

• The drug should be swallowed completely with a glass of water.
• Do not chew this medicine.

Chewable:

• Should be thoroughly chewed or allowed to dissolve in the mouth.

Suspension:

• Shake well before use.
• Liquid doses should be measured with caution. Use the dispenser that comes with the medicine. If the dispenser is not provided in the package, ask the pharmacist for a dosing agent for this drug.

All forms:

• Drink plenty of non-caffeinated fluids, unless your doctor tells you to drink less fluids.

What if I miss a dose of a drug?

• If you take the drug regularly, take the missed dose as soon as you can.
• If it’s time for your next dose, don’t take the missed dose and then go back to your regular dosing schedule.
• Do not take 2 doses or an additional dose at the same time.
• In most cases, this drug is used as needed. Do not take the drug more often than prescribed by your doctor.

How do I store and/or discard this drug?

• Store at room temperature in a dry place. Do not store in the bathroom.
• Keep out of the heat.
• Keep all medicines in a safe place. Keep all medicines out of the reach of children and pets.
• Dispose of unused or expired drugs. Do not empty into a toilet or sewer unless instructed to do so. If you have any questions about disposing of medicines, ask your pharmacist. Drug disposal programs may be in place in your area.

General drug information

• If your health does not improve or even worsens, see your doctor.
• Do not give your medicine to anyone and do not take other people’s medicines.
• Some medicines may come with other patient information leaflets. If you have questions about this drug, talk with your doctor, nurse, pharmacist, or other health care professional.
• Some medicines may come with other patient information leaflets. Check with your pharmacist. If you have questions about this drug, talk with your doctor, nurse, pharmacist, or other health care professional.
• If you think you have overdosed, call a poison control center or get medical help right away. Be prepared to tell or show what drug you took, how much, and when it happened.

Consumer Use of Information and Limitation of Liability

This summary information includes a summary of the diagnosis, treatment, and/or drug product. It is not intended to be a comprehensive source of data and should be used as a tool to help the user understand and/or evaluate potential diagnostic and treatment options. It does NOT include all information about conditions, treatments, medications, side effects, or risks that may apply to a particular patient. It should not be considered medical advice or a substitute for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment provided by a physician based on a medical examination and assessment of the patient’s specific and unique circumstances. Patients should consult with their physician for full information about their health, medical issues, and treatment options, including any risks or benefits regarding the use of medications. This information is not a guarantee that a treatment or drug is safe, effective, or approved for a particular patient.