Is Emergen-C effective for preventing or treating the common cold and flu? How much is too much, and what are the potential side effects? Explore the science behind this popular immune booster.

Exploring the Ingredients in Emergen-C

Emergen-C is a popular dietary supplement that claims to provide a boost to the immune system. At the heart of this product is a high dose of vitamin C, with each serving containing 1,000 milligrams (mg) or 1,667 percent of the recommended daily allowance (RDA). But Emergen-C also contains other key nutrients, including:

• 10 mg of vitamin B-6 (500 percent of RDA)
• 25 micrograms (mcg) of vitamin B-12 (417 percent of RDA)
• 100 mcg of vitamin B-9 (25 percent of RDA)
• 0.5 mcg of manganese (25 percent of RDA)
• 2 mg of zinc (13 percent of RDA)

These ingredients are touted for their potential immune-boosting, energy-producing, and overall health-supporting properties. But does the science back up Emergen-C’s claims?

Does Emergen-C Actually Work?

The evidence on Emergen-C’s efficacy is mixed. While some studies suggest that vitamin C supplements may slightly reduce the duration of cold symptoms, the overall impact appears modest at best. A 2013 review of placebo-controlled trials found that regular vitamin C supplementation did not prevent most people from getting colds, though it did halve the risk in those exposed to short periods of extreme physical stress, such as marathon runners and skiers.

As for the flu, the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health states that there is no strong evidence that any natural product, including Emergen-C, can effectively treat or prevent the illness. The annual flu vaccine remains the best recommended means of flu prevention.

Potential Benefits and Limitations

While the research on Emergen-C’s ability to treat or prevent colds and flu is limited, some studies suggest the supplement may offer other potential benefits:

Sore Throat

Taking vitamin C supplements regularly may slightly reduce the duration of cold symptoms, including sore throat. However, there is no evidence that vitamin C can help treat specific throat conditions like strep throat, tonsillitis, or laryngitis.

Fatigue

A 2012 study found that intravenous vitamin C reduced fatigue in office workers within two hours of treatment, with the effect lasting for one day. However, the relevance of this finding to Emergen-C’s oral supplement is unclear.

Weight Loss

The research on vitamin C supplementation and weight loss has been inconsistent. One small 2006 study found that participants with low blood levels of vitamin C burned 25 percent less fat during exercise than those with adequate levels. However, a larger 2014 study found no clear link between vitamin C and changes in body weight.

Is Too Much Emergen-C Dangerous?

Taking an increased amount of vitamin C for a short period of time is generally considered safe. The tolerable upper intake level (UL) for vitamin C is 2,000 mg per day for adults, meaning you can likely consume additional vitamin C through your diet without hitting the max UL.

Consuming 2,000 mg or more of vitamin C per day may cause side effects like:

• Diarrhea
• Nausea
• Abdominal cramps
• Kidney stones

The other vitamins and minerals in Emergen-C are present at much lower levels and are unlikely to cause issues at the recommended dosage. However, it’s still important to talk to your healthcare provider before taking Emergen-C, especially if you have certain medical conditions or are taking prescription medications.

Should You Use Emergen-C?

Emergen-C may be helpful as a temporary immune booster, but it should not be used as your primary defense against the common cold, flu, or other illnesses. Instead, focus on maintaining a balanced, nutrient-rich diet that provides adequate amounts of vitamin C and other essential nutrients.

If you’re interested in trying Emergen-C, it’s best to use it in moderation and as directed. Consult with your healthcare provider to ensure it is safe and appropriate for your individual needs.

Conclusion

In summary, while Emergen-C may provide a quick boost of vitamin C and other nutrients, the evidence for its effectiveness in treating or preventing colds, flu, and other conditions is limited. Moderation is key, as high doses of vitamin C can potentially cause unpleasant side effects.

For optimal immune health, focus on maintaining a balanced diet rich in a variety of fruits, vegetables, and other nutrient-dense foods. Supplement with Emergen-C or other vitamin C products only as needed and under the guidance of your healthcare provider.

Does Emergen-C work? If you’re already sick, for prevention, and more

Emergen-C may be worth taking as a general immune booster, but the jury is still out on whether it can help prevent or treat conditions like the common cold.

Here’s what you should know about its ingredients, purported uses, potential side effects, and more.

As the name suggests, Emergen-C’s main ingredient is vitamin C. Each serving (one 9.1 g packet) contains 1,000 milligrams (mg), or 1,667 percent of your recommended daily allowance (RDA).

Emergen-C also contains:

• 10 mg of vitamin B-6 (500 percent of your RDA)
• 25 micrograms (mcg) of vitamin B-12 (417 percent of your RDA)
• 100 mcg of vitamin B-9 (25 percent of your RDA)
• 0.5 mcg of manganese (25 percent of your RDA)
• 2 mg of zinc (13 percent of your RDA)

The ingredients are said to:

• Vitamin C can help boost immunity. It may also help create collagen to support healthy skin.
• Vitamin B-6 may help metabolize red blood cells and fats, as well as help support a healthy nervous system.
• Vitamin B-12 may help create red blood cells, which move oxygen around the body. It may also help metabolize food to create energy.
• Folic acid helps support amino acid production.
• Manganese helps support your overall immune system, as well as strengthen your skin and bones.
• Zinc also helps boost immunity.

Share on PinterestResearchers have found limited evidence that vitamin C treats the cold or flu.

Although there’s some evidence to suggest that Emergen-C can help minimize the duration of your cold, research is limited.

One 2013 review of placebo-controlled trials found that taking vitamin C supplements regularly didn’t stop most people getting the cold.

However, the risk of getting the cold was halved in people exposed to short periods of extreme physical stress, such as marathon runners and skiers.

Researchers also found that regularly taking vitamin C supplements slightly reduced the duration of cold symptoms in the ordinary population.

One 2017 review of seven randomized trials found that using zinc lozenges may shorten cold duration by approximately 33 percent.

It’s important to note that these studies were done on specific ingredients found in Emergen-C, not the drink mix itself. More research is needed to determine whether Emergen-C offers the same benefits.

As for the flu, the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health states that there isn’t strong evidence that any natural product can help treat or prevent the illness. Instead, they recommend the annual flu vaccine as the best means of prevention.

Although there’s reason to believe vitamin C supplements may have slight benefit, more research is needed to fully assess Emergen-C’s potential effects on sore throat, fatigue, and other health claims.

Sore throat

Taking vitamin C supplements regularly may slightly reduce the duration of cold symptoms, like a sore throat.

However, there isn’t any evidence that vitamin C supplements can help treat sore throat conditions like strep throat, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, and laryngitis.

Fatigue

One 2012 study analyzed the effects of intravenous vitamin C on fatigue in 141 office workers. Researchers found that intravenous vitamin C reduced fatigue within two hours of treatment, with the effect lasting for one day.

Weight loss

Research on vitamin C supplementation and related weight loss has produced inconsistent results.

One 2006 small study of just 22 participants found that during a 60-minute walk on a treadmill, participants with low-blood concentrations of vitamin C burned 25 percent less fat than participants with adequate amounts of vitamin C.

However, researchers in a 2014 study found no sufficient evidence that vitamin C is linked to general changes in body weight.

Taking an increased amount of vitamin C for a short period of time is generally considered safe.

Vitamin C’s tolerable upper intake level (UL) is 2,000 mg per day for adults ages 19 and older.

Emergen-C packets contain 1,000 mg each. This means that you can probably still consume vitamin C through your diet without hitting the max UL.

Consuming 2,000 mg or more may cause:

Emergen-C contains far lower levels of all of the other vitamins and minerals on its ingredient list. No other ingredient comes this close to the respective UL for adults.

Talk to a doctor or other healthcare provider before use if you:

• take prescription medication
• are pregnant or breastfeeding
• are postmenopausal
• have diabetes
• have hemochromatosis or other iron disorder

You shouldn’t use Emergen-C as your primary line of defense against the common cold, flu, or other conditions.

Emergen-C may be helpful as a temporary immune booster, but it shouldn’t be used long term. Instead, look to your diet.

If you eat the five recommended servings of fruits and vegetables each day, you should get more than 200 mg of vitamin C — well above your RDA. This can help keep your immune system in tip-top shape and help prevent illness in the long-run.

Medically reviewed by Dena Westphalen, PharmD on October 10, 2018 — Written by Claire Gillespie and Ana Gotter

Does Emergen-C work? If you’re already sick, for prevention, and more

Emergen-C may be worth taking as a general immune booster, but the jury is still out on whether it can help prevent or treat conditions like the common cold.

Here’s what you should know about its ingredients, purported uses, potential side effects, and more.

As the name suggests, Emergen-C’s main ingredient is vitamin C. Each serving (one 9.1 g packet) contains 1,000 milligrams (mg), or 1,667 percent of your recommended daily allowance (RDA).

Emergen-C also contains:

• 10 mg of vitamin B-6 (500 percent of your RDA)
• 25 micrograms (mcg) of vitamin B-12 (417 percent of your RDA)
• 100 mcg of vitamin B-9 (25 percent of your RDA)
• 0. 5 mcg of manganese (25 percent of your RDA)
• 2 mg of zinc (13 percent of your RDA)

The ingredients are said to:

• Vitamin C can help boost immunity. It may also help create collagen to support healthy skin.
• Vitamin B-6 may help metabolize red blood cells and fats, as well as help support a healthy nervous system.
• Vitamin B-12 may help create red blood cells, which move oxygen around the body. It may also help metabolize food to create energy.
• Folic acid helps support amino acid production.
• Manganese helps support your overall immune system, as well as strengthen your skin and bones.
• Zinc also helps boost immunity.

Share on PinterestResearchers have found limited evidence that vitamin C treats the cold or flu.

Although there’s some evidence to suggest that Emergen-C can help minimize the duration of your cold, research is limited.

One 2013 review of placebo-controlled trials found that taking vitamin C supplements regularly didn’t stop most people getting the cold.

However, the risk of getting the cold was halved in people exposed to short periods of extreme physical stress, such as marathon runners and skiers.

Researchers also found that regularly taking vitamin C supplements slightly reduced the duration of cold symptoms in the ordinary population.

One 2017 review of seven randomized trials found that using zinc lozenges may shorten cold duration by approximately 33 percent.

It’s important to note that these studies were done on specific ingredients found in Emergen-C, not the drink mix itself. More research is needed to determine whether Emergen-C offers the same benefits.

As for the flu, the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health states that there isn’t strong evidence that any natural product can help treat or prevent the illness. Instead, they recommend the annual flu vaccine as the best means of prevention.

Although there’s reason to believe vitamin C supplements may have slight benefit, more research is needed to fully assess Emergen-C’s potential effects on sore throat, fatigue, and other health claims.

Sore throat

Taking vitamin C supplements regularly may slightly reduce the duration of cold symptoms, like a sore throat.

However, there isn’t any evidence that vitamin C supplements can help treat sore throat conditions like strep throat, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, and laryngitis.

Fatigue

One 2012 study analyzed the effects of intravenous vitamin C on fatigue in 141 office workers. Researchers found that intravenous vitamin C reduced fatigue within two hours of treatment, with the effect lasting for one day.

Weight loss

Research on vitamin C supplementation and related weight loss has produced inconsistent results.

One 2006 small study of just 22 participants found that during a 60-minute walk on a treadmill, participants with low-blood concentrations of vitamin C burned 25 percent less fat than participants with adequate amounts of vitamin C.

However, researchers in a 2014 study found no sufficient evidence that vitamin C is linked to general changes in body weight.

Taking an increased amount of vitamin C for a short period of time is generally considered safe.

Vitamin C’s tolerable upper intake level (UL) is 2,000 mg per day for adults ages 19 and older.

Emergen-C packets contain 1,000 mg each. This means that you can probably still consume vitamin C through your diet without hitting the max UL.

Consuming 2,000 mg or more may cause:

Emergen-C contains far lower levels of all of the other vitamins and minerals on its ingredient list. No other ingredient comes this close to the respective UL for adults.

Talk to a doctor or other healthcare provider before use if you:

• take prescription medication
• are pregnant or breastfeeding
• are postmenopausal
• have diabetes
• have hemochromatosis or other iron disorder

You shouldn’t use Emergen-C as your primary line of defense against the common cold, flu, or other conditions.

Emergen-C may be helpful as a temporary immune booster, but it shouldn’t be used long term. Instead, look to your diet.

If you eat the five recommended servings of fruits and vegetables each day, you should get more than 200 mg of vitamin C — well above your RDA. This can help keep your immune system in tip-top shape and help prevent illness in the long-run.

Medically reviewed by Dena Westphalen, PharmD on October 10, 2018 — Written by Claire Gillespie and Ana Gotter

Does Emergen-C work? If you’re already sick, for prevention, and more

Emergen-C may be worth taking as a general immune booster, but the jury is still out on whether it can help prevent or treat conditions like the common cold.

Here’s what you should know about its ingredients, purported uses, potential side effects, and more.

As the name suggests, Emergen-C’s main ingredient is vitamin C. Each serving (one 9.1 g packet) contains 1,000 milligrams (mg), or 1,667 percent of your recommended daily allowance (RDA).

Emergen-C also contains:

• 10 mg of vitamin B-6 (500 percent of your RDA)
• 25 micrograms (mcg) of vitamin B-12 (417 percent of your RDA)
• 100 mcg of vitamin B-9 (25 percent of your RDA)
• 0.5 mcg of manganese (25 percent of your RDA)
• 2 mg of zinc (13 percent of your RDA)

The ingredients are said to:

• Vitamin C can help boost immunity. It may also help create collagen to support healthy skin.
• Vitamin B-6 may help metabolize red blood cells and fats, as well as help support a healthy nervous system.
• Vitamin B-12 may help create red blood cells, which move oxygen around the body. It may also help metabolize food to create energy.
• Folic acid helps support amino acid production.
• Manganese helps support your overall immune system, as well as strengthen your skin and bones.
• Zinc also helps boost immunity.

Share on PinterestResearchers have found limited evidence that vitamin C treats the cold or flu.

Although there’s some evidence to suggest that Emergen-C can help minimize the duration of your cold, research is limited.

One 2013 review of placebo-controlled trials found that taking vitamin C supplements regularly didn’t stop most people getting the cold.

However, the risk of getting the cold was halved in people exposed to short periods of extreme physical stress, such as marathon runners and skiers.

Researchers also found that regularly taking vitamin C supplements slightly reduced the duration of cold symptoms in the ordinary population.

One 2017 review of seven randomized trials found that using zinc lozenges may shorten cold duration by approximately 33 percent.

It’s important to note that these studies were done on specific ingredients found in Emergen-C, not the drink mix itself. More research is needed to determine whether Emergen-C offers the same benefits.

As for the flu, the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health states that there isn’t strong evidence that any natural product can help treat or prevent the illness. Instead, they recommend the annual flu vaccine as the best means of prevention.

Although there’s reason to believe vitamin C supplements may have slight benefit, more research is needed to fully assess Emergen-C’s potential effects on sore throat, fatigue, and other health claims.

Sore throat

Taking vitamin C supplements regularly may slightly reduce the duration of cold symptoms, like a sore throat.

However, there isn’t any evidence that vitamin C supplements can help treat sore throat conditions like strep throat, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, and laryngitis.

Fatigue

One 2012 study analyzed the effects of intravenous vitamin C on fatigue in 141 office workers. Researchers found that intravenous vitamin C reduced fatigue within two hours of treatment, with the effect lasting for one day.

Weight loss

Research on vitamin C supplementation and related weight loss has produced inconsistent results.

One 2006 small study of just 22 participants found that during a 60-minute walk on a treadmill, participants with low-blood concentrations of vitamin C burned 25 percent less fat than participants with adequate amounts of vitamin C.

However, researchers in a 2014 study found no sufficient evidence that vitamin C is linked to general changes in body weight.

Taking an increased amount of vitamin C for a short period of time is generally considered safe.

Vitamin C’s tolerable upper intake level (UL) is 2,000 mg per day for adults ages 19 and older.

Emergen-C packets contain 1,000 mg each. This means that you can probably still consume vitamin C through your diet without hitting the max UL.

Consuming 2,000 mg or more may cause:

Emergen-C contains far lower levels of all of the other vitamins and minerals on its ingredient list. No other ingredient comes this close to the respective UL for adults.

Talk to a doctor or other healthcare provider before use if you:

• take prescription medication
• are pregnant or breastfeeding
• are postmenopausal
• have diabetes
• have hemochromatosis or other iron disorder

You shouldn’t use Emergen-C as your primary line of defense against the common cold, flu, or other conditions.

Emergen-C may be helpful as a temporary immune booster, but it shouldn’t be used long term. Instead, look to your diet.

If you eat the five recommended servings of fruits and vegetables each day, you should get more than 200 mg of vitamin C — well above your RDA. This can help keep your immune system in tip-top shape and help prevent illness in the long-run.

Medically reviewed by Dena Westphalen, PharmD on October 10, 2018 — Written by Claire Gillespie and Ana Gotter

Does Emergen-C work? If you’re already sick, for prevention, and more

Emergen-C may be worth taking as a general immune booster, but the jury is still out on whether it can help prevent or treat conditions like the common cold.

Here’s what you should know about its ingredients, purported uses, potential side effects, and more.

As the name suggests, Emergen-C’s main ingredient is vitamin C. Each serving (one 9. 1 g packet) contains 1,000 milligrams (mg), or 1,667 percent of your recommended daily allowance (RDA).

Emergen-C also contains:

• 10 mg of vitamin B-6 (500 percent of your RDA)
• 25 micrograms (mcg) of vitamin B-12 (417 percent of your RDA)
• 100 mcg of vitamin B-9 (25 percent of your RDA)
• 0.5 mcg of manganese (25 percent of your RDA)
• 2 mg of zinc (13 percent of your RDA)

The ingredients are said to:

• Vitamin C can help boost immunity. It may also help create collagen to support healthy skin.
• Vitamin B-6 may help metabolize red blood cells and fats, as well as help support a healthy nervous system.
• Vitamin B-12 may help create red blood cells, which move oxygen around the body. It may also help metabolize food to create energy.
• Folic acid helps support amino acid production.
• Manganese helps support your overall immune system, as well as strengthen your skin and bones.
• Zinc also helps boost immunity.

Share on PinterestResearchers have found limited evidence that vitamin C treats the cold or flu.

Although there’s some evidence to suggest that Emergen-C can help minimize the duration of your cold, research is limited.

One 2013 review of placebo-controlled trials found that taking vitamin C supplements regularly didn’t stop most people getting the cold.

However, the risk of getting the cold was halved in people exposed to short periods of extreme physical stress, such as marathon runners and skiers.

Researchers also found that regularly taking vitamin C supplements slightly reduced the duration of cold symptoms in the ordinary population.

One 2017 review of seven randomized trials found that using zinc lozenges may shorten cold duration by approximately 33 percent.

It’s important to note that these studies were done on specific ingredients found in Emergen-C, not the drink mix itself. More research is needed to determine whether Emergen-C offers the same benefits.

As for the flu, the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health states that there isn’t strong evidence that any natural product can help treat or prevent the illness. Instead, they recommend the annual flu vaccine as the best means of prevention.

Although there’s reason to believe vitamin C supplements may have slight benefit, more research is needed to fully assess Emergen-C’s potential effects on sore throat, fatigue, and other health claims.

Sore throat

Taking vitamin C supplements regularly may slightly reduce the duration of cold symptoms, like a sore throat.

However, there isn’t any evidence that vitamin C supplements can help treat sore throat conditions like strep throat, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, and laryngitis.

Fatigue

One 2012 study analyzed the effects of intravenous vitamin C on fatigue in 141 office workers. Researchers found that intravenous vitamin C reduced fatigue within two hours of treatment, with the effect lasting for one day.

Weight loss

Research on vitamin C supplementation and related weight loss has produced inconsistent results.

One 2006 small study of just 22 participants found that during a 60-minute walk on a treadmill, participants with low-blood concentrations of vitamin C burned 25 percent less fat than participants with adequate amounts of vitamin C.

However, researchers in a 2014 study found no sufficient evidence that vitamin C is linked to general changes in body weight.

Taking an increased amount of vitamin C for a short period of time is generally considered safe.

Vitamin C’s tolerable upper intake level (UL) is 2,000 mg per day for adults ages 19 and older.

Emergen-C packets contain 1,000 mg each. This means that you can probably still consume vitamin C through your diet without hitting the max UL.

Consuming 2,000 mg or more may cause:

Emergen-C contains far lower levels of all of the other vitamins and minerals on its ingredient list. No other ingredient comes this close to the respective UL for adults.

Talk to a doctor or other healthcare provider before use if you:

• take prescription medication
• are pregnant or breastfeeding
• are postmenopausal
• have diabetes
• have hemochromatosis or other iron disorder

You shouldn’t use Emergen-C as your primary line of defense against the common cold, flu, or other conditions.

Emergen-C may be helpful as a temporary immune booster, but it shouldn’t be used long term. Instead, look to your diet.

If you eat the five recommended servings of fruits and vegetables each day, you should get more than 200 mg of vitamin C — well above your RDA. This can help keep your immune system in tip-top shape and help prevent illness in the long-run.

Medically reviewed by Dena Westphalen, PharmD on October 10, 2018 — Written by Claire Gillespie and Ana Gotter

What Happened When I Took Too Much Vitamin C

It’s that time of year. Your professor cancels class, your roommate is coughing nonstop, and the kid next to you in the library has a mound of used tissues piling up uncomfortably close to your laptop. You wash your hands and disinfect the doorknobs, but sometimes getting sick is just inevitable.   

If you’re anything like me, that hint of a sore throat can turn you into a desperate health nut. Ginger shots? Sure. Apple cider vinegar concoction? Bring it on. $30 immune booster tablets from Whole Foods? Let’s do it.

This is why when I felt that familiar feeling of the beginning of sickness, I decided that a healthy dose of vitamin C might help. Thus, my vitamin C bender day began. I started with an Emergen-C packet, followed by a glass of OJ at brunch, a green juice for a late afternoon treat, an immune booster tablet with dinner, and a smoothie for dessert. By my calculations, I had about 2,000% of my daily value of vitamin C.

Chloe Scheuch

By the end of the day I didn’t feel any different, but at least my sore throat didn’t hurt anymore than before. I went to bed at a decent hour with the hopes that the extra sleep would kick the cold for good.

However, after lying in bed for over two hours, I realized that I hadn’t yet fallen asleep. I tried deep breathing and lavender oil (more uses for essential oils here), but after another restless hour, I knew sleep just wasn’t in the cards. Coming from someone who can fall into REM sleep in an airport, I knew this bout of insomnia wasn’t normal.

Chloe Scheuch

In a 4:30 am haze, I googled “is too much vitamin C bad?” I browsed web page after web page detailing the various symptoms of consuming too much vitamin C. Sure enough, insomnia was listed as one of the many side effects.

Although having too much vitamin C is not exactly harmful, there are a variety of unpleasant side effects including vomiting, heartburn, diarrhea, nausea, bloating, and cramps.

So the moral of the story is that vitamin C, like most things, should be taken in moderation. It’s also purely a preventative measure, not a treatment. So stay healthy and go easy on the OJ!         

5 Warnings If You Want to Take Emergen-C Daily

If you’ve ever felt a cold coming on, only to have it thwarted by a high dose of vitamin C, you may be tempted to take it every day to prevent ever getting sick. After all, who has time to be sick?

But just as with any dietary supplement, there are precautions you should take before incorporating Emergen-C into your daily health routine. First, consult your doctor, and second, consider if you can get sufficient vitamin C (and other micronutrients) from the food you eat.

Tips

Although you can take Emergen-C on a daily basis, you may wish to limit the supplement if you are exceeding the recommended allowance of certain nutrients in your diet.

Read more: How Much Vitamin C Can the Body Absorb?

What Is Emergen-C?

Emergen-C is an over-the-counter dietary supplement manufactured by Alacer Corp., which was founded in 1972. Alacer Corp. began the Emergen-C product line in 1978, marketing it as a supplement to support a healthy immune system. The product is sold in the US and Canada in a wide variety of flavors and formula for different needs, such as immune support, promotion of energy and to restore electrolytes in your body.

The original formula Emergen-C supplement is for everyday immune support. The main ingredient is a very high dose of vitamin C, with each serving containing 1,000 milligrams. Emergen-C also includes B vitamins to support metabolic function. Electrolytes found in each serving of Emergen-C are potassium, phosphorus and sodium, in addition to other nutrients including calcium and magnesium. The gummy form of Emergen-C contains 500 mg of vitamin C.

Emergen-C also offers a supplement to promote energy, known as Emergen-C Energy +. It contains 250 milligrams of vitamin C in addition to 50 mg of caffeine The gummy form contains 500 milligrams of vitamin C. The function of the energy supplements is to help with cognitive ability, promote wakefulness and assist in the immune function in your body.

Emergen-C Immune + is a product with 1,000 IU of vitamin D and increased zinc added to the original formula that contained 1,000 mg of vitamin C. The gummy form has 500 mg of vitamin C and 800 IU of vitamin D. In addition to supplying extra vitamin D, Emergen-C Immunity’s function is to help restore electrolytes and to aid the immune system.

Emergen-C also offers some new products, including formulas containing probiotics, electrolytes and melatonin.

Emergen-C Dosage

Brewer’s Yeast & Pregnancy

For optimal health, males age 19 and older need 75 milligrams of vitamin C per day; for women in the same age group, it’s 90 milligrams, according to Linus Pauling Institute.

To supplement your vitamin C and other nutrients, the manufacturer recommends taking 1 packet of the original formula Emergen-C =”https:> mixed with water for a fizzy drink once per day. This product is for ages 14 and older. In the gummy form, the dosage is 3 per day. All types of Emergen-C packets and gummies should be taken with food a few hours before or after taking other medications.

The dosage for Emergen-C Energy+ is 1 packet twice a day, or 2 packets at once, not to exceed 2 packets per day. In the gummy form, the dosage is 2 to 4 per day, individually or all at once.

The dosage for Emergen-C Immune+ supplements is 1 packet per day. In the form of gummies the dosage is 3 per day.

Emergen-C Kidz – Fruit Punch is formulated for children ages 4 to 13. The dosage is one packet daily, according to iHerb.

Emergen-C Warnings

Vitamin C can often cause a laxative effect, warns Supplement News. It’s rare but possible to experience side effects from Emergen-C, which may include:

• diarrhea
• vomiting
• abdominal discomfort
• heartburn
• headache
• kidney stones
• difficulty sleeping

Why Take Emergen-C?

Emergen C & Pregnancy

Some people take large doses of vitamin C supplements with the belief that vitamin C may be important to cardiovascular health. This has likely stemmed from the thinking that vitamin C is responsible for the proven benefits of fruit and vegetables on heart health. However, there is little scientific support showing a relationship between vitamin C supplementation and reduced risk of heart disease.

A 2017 study published in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews assessed the effectiveness of vitamin C intake on the prevention of cardiovascular disease. From eight trials, the author’s conclusion suggested no evidence that vitamin C supplementation reduces the risk of heart disease in healthy individuals or those at risk for cardiovascular disease.

Read more: Disadvantages of Vitamin C

Is There Such a Thing as Too Much Vitamin C?

Vitamin C has many health benefits but is there such a thing as too much of a good thing? Find out what happens if you take too much Vitamin C.

Unlike in the 1700s when scurvy ran rampant, today it’s incredibly easy to get our hands on plenty of Vitamin C. Which is great since there are so many incredible health benefits that Vitamin C does for our bodies.

But sometimes people go a little overboard and start consuming too much Vitamin C. What they don’t realize is that there can be side effects when you take too much of anything.

In fact, you can actually overdose on Vitamin C. To learn more about Vitamin C toxicity, keep reading. We’re sharing with you everything you need to know about the harmful side effects of too much Vitamin C.

How Much is Too Much Vitamin C

We all know we need to take Vitamin C in some form every single day to stay as healthy as possible. That’s partly because our bodies can’t produce or store this vitamin on its own.

But that doesn’t mean we should go overboard taking Vitamin C. Generally speaking, any male 19 years or older should take 90 mg of Vitamin C per day. For females, it’s 75 mg.

Those who smoke or are pregnant are advised to take slightly higher doses of Vitamin C.

For the most part, if you are getting your Vitamin C from produce, you shouldn’t have to worry about taking excess amounts. The side effects typically occur in those people taking the vitamin in supplement form.

If you’re taking Vitamin C supplements and you consume more than 2,000 mg at once, you may begin to experience Vitamin C toxicity. At that point, you’ll notice certain side effects.

The Side Effects of Too Much Vitamin C

There are actually quite a few side effects related to excessive Vitamin C consumption. Your digestive tract will probably be the first thing to notice that something isn’t right.

Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, heartburn, and esophagitis. You may also notice stomach cramps, diarrhea or intestinal obstruction.

However, you can also experience symptoms such as fatigue, headaches, feeling sleepy or insomnia. Flushed skin is also a symptom.

A more serious side effect is kidney stones. And the longer you consume 2,000 mg or more of Vitamin C each day, it increases your risk of experiencing significant side effects.

Excessive Intake of Vitamin C Can Produce Negative Interactions

Taking a Vitamin C supplement in a higher dosage than what’s recommended can have adverse interactions, especially if you’re on certain medications.

Some medicines contain aluminum such as phosphate binders. Taking more than 2,000 mg in supplement form can increase your absorption of aluminum. This can be harmful to people suffering from kidney problems.

If you’re taking an oral contraceptive or are on a hormone replacement therapy, taking an excess of Vitamin C in supplement form may increase your estrogen levels.

Talk to your doctor if you’re on chemotherapy. Using antioxidants like Vitamin C while undergoing chemotherapy may reduce the drug’s effects. However, speak with your physician first as there is a difference in opinion on antioxidants and its effects on chemotherapy.

Taking Vitamin C orally in supplement form may reduce the effects of protease inhibitors. And if you’re taking Vitamin C with niacin, Warfarin, Coumadin or Jantoven, it may reduce the effects the prescribed drug is supposed to have on your body.

How to Handle an Overdose on Vitamin C

If you’re healthy, there’s no way you can die from a Vitamin C overdose. However, if you do have health conditions, taking too much Vitamin C in supplement form can have some serious consequences.

If you’re experiencing symptoms such as nausea, cramping or headaches, you could also benefit from using some over-the-counter drugs.

If you suspect you’re overdosing on Vitamin C and you’re taking prescription medicines or have a health condition, speak with your doctor. And, if the conditions persist or you’re experiencing serious side effects such as difficulty breathing or kidney stones, contact your doctor.

Your physician can then assess the situation and take actions such as ordering tests and procedures and/or offering a prescription to help ease your symptoms and preventing any further harm being done to your body.

Stop Taking Vitamin C Supplements if You’re Overdosing

However, the easiest and best way to handle a Vitamin C overdose is to either lower your daily intake significantly or stop taking the supplement altogether. That does not mean you need to stop eating fruits and vegetables that are rich in Vitamin C.

In most cases, lowering or eliminating Vitamin C in supplement form should be enough to eliminate most or all overdose symptoms. Drinking more water should also help to flush out your body and help you recover from an overdose.

However, be careful how much water you drink. Too much water or drinking a high volume of water too quickly can significantly reduce your sodium levels and lead to death.

Fruits and Vegetables With High Levels of Vitamin C

There are many fruits and vegetables that have high levels of Vitamin C. If you’re worried about taking supplements and the side effects, eating fruit ensures you get your daily dose of Vitamin C without the problems.

Guava has 377 milligrams of Vitamin C. Kiwis have 167 mg.

Bell peppers have 190 milligrams per cup and only 46 calories. Berries like blueberries, blackberries, raspberries, and strawberries all contain Vitamin C. Strawberries contain the highest amount at 98 mg per cup.

Surprisingly, oranges, often synonymous with high amounts of Vitamin C have only 96 mg per cup. Clementines, lemons, and grapefruits are also good sources of Vitamin C but contain fewer milligrams than oranges.

Broccoli, cabbage, and Brussel sprouts are also good sources of Vitamin C. Kale is also a good source with 53 mg per cooked cup.

With so many choices, it’s easy to start your day with a healthy breakfast that contains enough Vitamin C to keep you healthy.

Stay Healthy With a Good Health Insurance Plan

Part of staying healthy is not taking too much Vitamin C or other supplements that can have adverse effects on your body and health. Another part of staying healthy is seeing your doctor regularly.

Having good health insurance ensures that you can keep your health in check all year round. And that starts by picking a good medical network.

We can help. Click here to enroll.

90,000 Inhale-exhale: how to quickly check the quality of your breathing

We cannot help breathing, the absence of breath means the absence of life. To be healthy and energetic, you need to have even and easy breathing. What is your breathing? Maybe you don’t know something about yourself? This test should help determine if you have respiratory problems.

Learn about your breathing quality by answering the following questions:

When calm, do you breathe through your nose or sometimes through your mouth?

Inhalation should always be done through the nose, except when pronouncing long phrases (speech breathing), exhalation is also possible through the mouth.

How many breaths and breaths do you take per minute while at rest?

If you are in good health, you should have 8 to 12 breaths per minute at rest.

Do you have breaks between inhalation and exhalation, between exhalation and next inhalation?

In a calm state, your breathing should be continuous, that is, there should be no breaks between inhalation and exhalation.

Lean your back against a wall or the back of a chair – in which part of your back do you feel movement when you inhale and exhale?

It is normal if during inhalation you can feel the pressure of the back on the support in any of its areas.Most of the time, it is better to breathe with the lower part of the lungs, pushing forward the belly and lower back. This is the lightest breath.

Can you continuously pronounce the sound “ah” for 20 seconds?

If the longest exhalation is noticeably shorter, your breathing is too shallow, then all your internal organs experience oxygen starvation.

Does it happen that you are told: you snore? Or maybe your voice sits down in the morning?

Being healthy means no such symptoms.Respiratory disorders are most often associated with illness or poor physical fitness. To be healthy, to maintain ease of breathing, undergo spirography, learn everything about the functional state of the respiratory system.

If you are interested in the health of the respiratory tract, often have a cough or runny nose, you smoke, often work in the open air, go in for sports, come to the Medservice clinic and undergo a respiratory function test (spirography). The procedure is painless, safe and informative.

Breathe easily and freely and be healthy!

Which is really worse in the USA than in Russia. Part two – serious

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Riadh Palms Hotel (Riad Palms)

Practical Information

Tunisia, a country on the edge of a mile and a mile of history, to say: civilizations that have shaped their culture, their rich and varied landscape, its people, who have managed to combine tradition and modernity, surprisingly simple.Jasmine Country welcomes you with open arms to paradise beaches, exotic desert, and offers high mosaic colors, you must go hard to leave!
Moving in Tunisia
Getting Around There are some domestic flights, but given the small size of the country, it is best to take a bus network that is well developed, or that train that connects major cities. There are also shared taxis or car rentals.
Formalities: For stays of less than three months, a visa is not required for a large number of countries.
Discover Tunisia
To visit: Everyone can find happiness in Tunisia, enjoy the beaches, resorts, you can do various water sports, camel trekking, walking or 4X4 … Each city has its own Medina, usually near the city center much more modern. The contrast is often striking; in the case of the capital Tunisia or Sousse.
In Carthage you will observe the Punic, traces of the presence of the Phoenicians in Sidi Bou Said white and blue typical Andalusian houses, to Matmata superimposed boxes, like the honeycombs that served as the backdrop for the Star Wars movie, Tausar you will be close to the desert.
There are also many famous seaside resorts and beautiful beaches like Djerba, Hammamet, Nabe or Tabarka.
Environment in Tunisia
Geography: Along with Algeria and Libya, Tunisia is a small country, but it is more and more charming.
The northern doors of the Mediterranean coast to the south, which lead to the Sahara Desert.
Climate: The climate is Mediterranean, with hot summers and very mild winters.
But the Sahara region is extremely arid.
Flora and Fauna: There are many national parks in Tunisia where you can enjoy the local fauna and flora; Tunisia offers a rich green color in nature.
In the parks you can see olive groves, cork oaks in large numbers, but also fruit trees such as lemon, orange, tangerine, carob …
Flowers are also part with Bougainvillea, roses, lilies, mimosa …
You can meet gazelles, otters, porcupines, foxes, turtles, migratory birds, mongooses… What is a good time distracting.
Customs in Tunisia
Culinary: Couscous is Tunisia’s specialty of choice … but there are hundreds of ways to accommodate!
The brick on it is a thin crunchy envelope in which various ingredients are laid in the form of an egg or tuna.
There are also plenty of lavish flesh fruits and, of course, mint tea! For the brave, they can try Harisa, a puree of red pods that Tunisians eat with bread and olive oil, or integrate into almost any dish.On the run, enjoy a casserole, a delicious sandwich made with a gracious donut, garnished with harisa, tuna, olives and potatoes. You can finish your meal with baklava, one of the hundreds of delicious cakes to be found in Tunisia, based on dried fruits and honey, to be consumed without moderation.
Craft: You will find the soul of Tunisia and its traditional crafts in the souks of the Medina. Food, clothing, jewelry, ceramics, spices, perfumes …
Holidays: January 1 – March 20 and 21 – April 9 to May 1 – July 25 to August 13 – October 15 to November 7
Activities in Tunisia
Vacation: Tunisia has religious holidays like Ras al-Sana, the new year of the Muslim calendar, Moulid an-Nabi celebrates the birthday of the Prophet Muhammad, Ramadan and Eid with the final Fitr and Eid al-Adha, in which a sheep is sacrificed in honor of prophet Abraham and Isaac his son
Shops: It is in the bazaars that you will find your happiness with wrought iron, ceramics and ceramics, slippers, perfumes, carpets, copper, silver… the true cave of Ali Baba.
Others: Enjoy the beaches of the seaside resorts, you can do various water sports, camel trekking, walking or 4X4 …
Useful links: Emergency Police: 197 (unique number).
Emergency Tunisia: 198 (unique number).

Useful links Tunisia

Tunisian National Tourism Office
Website of the National Tourist Office in France. Very complete and lots of pictures to illustrate each section.Practical information: weather, postcards, posting tips on the topic, etc.
http://www.bonjour-tunisie.com

Ministry of Culture
The website of the Ministry of Culture and Heritage Conservation, which provides information on the main sites, museums and monuments of the country. In French.
http://www.patrimoinedetunisie.com.tn

General site
The general site provides a wealth of information on recreation, cultural events … and a selection of good restaurants and charming accommodations (including guest houses) spread throughout the country.
http://mille-et-une-tunisie.com

Profile: emergency – Reviews

“Chronicles of PC-gaming” – 23 / Games

Western Outlaws

Curious unpretentious toy created by Jarhead Games, “famous” for half-worthy budget crafts like Marine Sharpshooter & Co – little things that the markets are trying to offer us under the guise of decent games.

Oddly enough, this time these developers came up with something worthy of something a little more than a trash can. As a matter of fact – “this one here” would still be a decent engine, and it would be a pretty decent game. Because the authors have finally reached a simple principle: you can’t do better in performance – don’t play on a highly competitive field.

And they did something for which there is practically no competition – namely, fps “from the life of a cowboy”, adventures in the Wild West: with train robbers, horse races, indispensable villainous tycoons, mines and the main character, who in the best traditions all called “stranger” 🙂

The main thing, already mentioned “alas”, is the graphical implementation: the simplest models, on whose faces you can barely guess the facial expressions, the angular and “drowning in fog in five steps” environment worthy of the end of the last century, simple animation of characters (by the way, the only on the mind, the gaming association is the ancient Outlaws, also made in a very ugly manner, clearly atypical for Lucasarts).All this is strange – after all, judging by the experience of numerous competitors, a couple of Russian programmers would have written them a much more decent schedule in six months 🙂

Everything else is at a level sometimes more decent than some even “full-fledged” projects of the average hand: not bad dialogues, voiced by voice actors who obviously do not eat their bread in vain. Nice camera work, wonderful music, a sense of the director’s intervention – the story in the game is quite like a movie.The weapon models are very nicely made outwardly, and they are just as well modeled by sensations – you can easily believe that you are shooting from a real cowboy revolver or gun.

And the advertising of the game assures us that they are “made authentically with real weapons” – in principle, this application is believed, so slowly, even in comparison with the lightning-fast modern fps, fire is being fired. You can speed it up, by the way, by switching to the mode of helping yourself with the second hand, as in the movies, or even generally grab the revolver by the barrel and use it as a cold weapon (inflicting very “savory”, somewhat even naturalistic blows on enemies).Of course, you can take a pistol in each hand 🙂 🙂 The pleasure of shooting is undoubtedly, the originality of the weapon works as a plus.

Summing up – the game undoubtedly has its own atmosphere, its own dynamics and a special rhythm. Ten different levels can be fun – if you can get rid of the obsessive sense of inferiority of the picture. It offers sensations rarely experienced in games – which is only a shootout on a moving train (where the ability to sit down on time and save ammunition sometimes means more than reaction speed), and equestrian episodes.Very good work – but nevertheless technically imperfect and we do not undertake to recommend it. Only at your own peril and risk.

Ultimate Demolition Derby

“Destructive Derby” is such a competition where cars are not a pity, they are assembled on the basis of landfill copies and mercilessly beaten to their very dead end. The spectacle is quite attractive – well, who does not like accidents, collisions, rattle of tormented iron? Battering rams, the crunch of broken parts, the most pronounced aggression of the pilots? Due to such a violently spectacular nature, a car derby appears from time to time on our screens in the form of computer games, which are sure to have fans.

And since such games are still not frequent guests on the shelves, they still immediately attract attention, as happened in the case of UDD. Alas, its loud name, skillfully selected pictures on the cover – turned out to be an ordinary deception in the end. The game was made by the same dubious team “3 Romans”, whose authorship belongs to the Muscle Cars 3 mentioned in the recent review. And if you’ve seen the MC3, you can imagine the general level of development: primitive ridiculous graphics, funny but not pleasing to the eye cars, depressing special effects.And if MC3 was somehow still at least curious about its parallels with the childhood of computer games – in UDD you are unlikely to find enough gameplay to keep interest, even despite such a glorious topic that it exploits. Total – we recommend refraining from purchasing this game.

Command & Conquer Generals: Zero Hour

“Generals” – everyone knows, of course. Caustic and somewhat fair criticism from “seasoned strategists”, accusing the C&C series of primitive game mechanics and lack of conceptual progress, does not prevent it from remaining incredibly popular and in demand by the broad gaming masses around the world.That is not surprising – once found a miraculous formula does not fade over the years, but requires more and more new, more and more technically perfect form of embodiment. And if some of the gamers get tired of the formula over time (especially since the market is now overflowing with a wide variety of RTS for every taste) – well, the generations growing up in the conditions of total computerization more than compensate for the decline in the ranks of users of “arcade-style strategies”.

Plus, it’s hard to deny that Generals is the most beautiful, flamboyant and technically sophisticated real-time strategy game to date.With her lush landscapes, outstanding designs and powerful special effects, she is a spectacular show that is entertaining in itself. And the presence of many upgrades, subtleties and parallel development paths still presupposes a certain depth and some variety of strategies.

The addition of Zero Hour is aimed primarily at deepening the strategic and tactical diversity. Its main “feature” is to introduce new military styles into the gameplay by allocating three additional “sub-forces” in each of the three main “forces” (something similar could be seen in Dune: Emperor at one time).These “sub-forces” are called “generals” (the game finally explained its name). If you choose to play not for the main force, but for one of its generals, you get certain advantages, but also suffer from some restrictions. Accordingly, your strategy is fundamentally undergoing changes.

So, for example, none of the US generals can use standard heavy tanks – but instead the Laser General has a unique laser tank and laser defense turret, and the Aviation General has stealth helicopters and improved and cheaper aircraft.The tank general of China can build the monstrous Emperor tank, the Infantry General commands machine gunners who fire at both ground and air targets, and the Atomic General can use atomic shells in his artillery, flying and ground vehicles (these are only the most obvious, and not at all all the possibilities of the generals). Terrorists call generals – Toxic, Destruction and General of Stealth. The balancing of the generals is done very carefully, and it cannot be argued that someone is too strong, and for someone it is impossible to play.Since you can choose for yourself and the “main force” – the total number of “armies” increases from three to twelve.

There is, of course, a certain disadvantage that the “generals” are much more specialized – and the enemy playing against the “general” will know what to expect from him – but no one bothers to put “random” in the appropriate column, and you will remain a riddle for the enemy before the first active skirmishes or serious reconnaissance (of course, in this case, you need to be able to play with everyone). But a new single-player game mode was discovered – like fighting games, you need to defeat six randomly selected generals in succession (and you start with one building, and they already have a defended base reflecting their combat specifics), and then fight the “supergeneral” who has the whole set of “special weapons”.

The most remarkable find of the developers was the “individual voices” of the generals – that there are forces drawn in front of you. They scoff at your mistakes, comment on your mistakes, threaten and insult – however, as soon as you get closer to victory, arrogance gives way to panic, and assaults give way to pleas for mercy. Pleasantly 🙂

The second notable improvement of the game is … its overall improvement, undertaken on the basis of the vast experience accumulated by thousands of players who tormented Generals for eight months in all possible modes: optimization of the main aspects (in particular, eliminating complaints about the interface features, accelerating the graphics), improving the balance extensions.All “main forces” received new units, structures, “general forces”. So, the Americans acquired intelligence robots, a propaganda department and a microwave tank that “burns out” buildings filled with infantry (which has always been a headache for tank armada), and “stuns” enemy armored vehicles (with the possibility of intercepting them). The Chinese also got something similar, plus a colossal bomber helicopter, practically a flying tank. Plus a mobile stealth unit detector. And also an Internet center for “left income”.However, the new building of the Americans is even more useful – it is a powerful defensive structure, which they obviously always lacked, given the rough armor power of China. The terrorists have gotten themselves hyperspeed motorcycles, which can plant any of their infantry, and fake mined decoy buildings (which can also be upgraded into real ones). Plus the most powerful ability to disguise buildings and entire armies.

And finally – a very nice additional campaign with five missions per force.Not at all weaker than the one proposed in the first game, and is its logical continuation. Perhaps your combat prowess and experience will allow you to appreciate the improved AI of the computer player, especially in the skirmish-duel mode, the “substitute for multiplayer”. Old fans of the series will appreciate the appearance of the classic already “video” in the intervals between loading missions – even if it’s just “pseudo news”, but it’s also a tribute to tradition

Now about the unpleasant – in the two versions of the game that fell into our hands (even in the “cleaner” one, which put its two disks on top of the two disks of the first “generals”), the serial number was already flashed into the game.Naturally, it was the same, and the serial check in multiplayer was not disabled – which led to the fact that it was impossible to play on LAN, the game said that the keys were the same. The “original” English version with manual serial input was not available for sale. It remains to be hoped that our publishers will eventually fix this annoying problem, but in the meantime, we recommend that everyone who wants multiplayer pleasures be careful.

Total – an excellent continuation of a great game.If the “generals” brought you joy in their time, it makes sense to get hold of a supplement, it significantly improves the original. Alas, we never got the desired sea battles. Well – “perhaps in the next episode.”

Age of Mythology: Titans

This is an extension – obviously a little weaker than Zero Hour, although it is also significant. The AoM game itself, which is one of the last incarnations of the AgeOfEmpire concept, is also somewhat weaker. Also, in general, rather simplified arcade, also largely based on the beauty of the action – AoM is still not as flagship in the world of fantasy strategies as General is in the world of technogenic strategies.Apparently, competition in this sector is tougher. Nevertheless, the game is good, and if you have not yet joined it, then the release of the Titans is a great reason, especially since good releases combine both the add-on and the base game within just one disc.

There are not so many changes in the base game – and they are rather cosmetic, not affecting seriously developed strategies of the players (from the most noticeable cosmetics – the ability to launch “endless productions”). So – a handful of new units and “divine powers” (some of the latter, however, are very effective).The only qualitative change, and too obviously reminiscent of Warlords Battlecry II – the ending of the game was qualitatively changed by the introduction of the ability to build a Gate. Where does the Titan come from – a huge slow creature, capable of very effectively destroying buildings and exterminating hordes of classic units. Very tenacious (and resistant to “divine powers”) – you can defeat him only with a purposeful long-term attack of a serious army (huge losses are guaranteed), or … with the help of another Titan (fortunately, you receive a notification that the enemy has started building the Gate).Unfortunately, unlike the same Warlords Battlecry II – the Titans do not differ from each other except in appearance, they are just “big tough guys”, and nothing more. But each of them is very beautiful in its own way 🙂

But – since they did not deepen the gameplay – there is a decent “expansion in breadth”: namely, the new Atlantean race. It is around her that the plot of the new single-player campaign is twisted – during which, however, you will still be able to play with almost everyone against everyone.She naturally has her own “first-class deities”: Chronos, Oranos and Gaia-nature. Moreover, the “divine powers” of Chronos (who is responsible for time, if you remember) include such exotic things as teleportation of buildings and “deconstruction” of enemy buildings. And Oranos can build “heavenly passages” and quarrel enemy units among themselves. Among the “mythical units” worthy of mention are the automatons – they are something like robots. Also, creatures consisting of flame and in death decay into two smaller creatures.And also nasty, acid-spitting monsters. “Tabor” (and this divine energy each race in AoM obtains, as you remember, in its own way) Atlanteans get through the expansion of their borders by building new and new settlements.

In general, this race does not represent anything particularly original, and looks even more like a simplification – something created more for beginners than for advanced players. Suffice it to look at the “improved” peasants, which are more expensive but more efficient than those of their competitors.On “unified barracks” and “counter-barracks”, “unified war upgrade” and “unified economy upgrade”. Sorry.

And again, as luck would have it – annoying problems with multiplayer. It comes to the point that the classic version of AoM, installed from the same disk during the Titans installation process, plays on two computers located next to each other, while the Titans themselves do not play, stubbornly claiming that they host the game on IP 0.0.0.0. What is the matter here and how is it treated and who is to blame – we pass, but we consider it our duty to warn.In general, it’s a shame that our publishers are so dismissive of checking the multiplayer capabilities of their versions.

Total – a good addition, mainly for those who are seriously fond of this game. Or a good start for newbies. If AoM passed you “well, just as another good thing” – you can safely skip the Titans, they will not bring anything new to your idea of ​​the game.

Medal of Honor Allied Assault: Breakthrough

This is perhaps the most disappointing “add-on” of all the “add-on rain” that has hit users lately.The Medal of Honor series is undoubtedly a phenomenon in the gaming world, it could still live and live, being renewed and reborn. But alas – most likely, he will have to die quietly, being squeezed out to the last drop. Because Breakthrough, which, in general, was actively awaited, turned out to be another repetition of the same thing.

Everything begins with the traditional “hell of war” – this time it is a war in the desert, where through the reddish gloom of a dust storm you have to guess the silhouettes of friends and foes, avoid tank carcasses and dodge the tracks of machine-gun bursts, in painful attempts to “break through the enemy lines” …Another global battle scene will be built for you at the very end of the game, where the battle at the castle of Monte Cassino will take place. All the other practically missions (and there will be about a dozen of them in three episodes – African, Sicilian and Continental-Italian) you will actually go through splendid isolation (if there are allied soldiers with you, they will still be killed very quickly). So the “war simulator” in fact turns into a banal “superhero” first-person action shooter.

And all the time it will haunt the feeling of déjà vu – we have already done all this: in Medal of Honor, in Allied Assault or in Spearhead. Fire from stationary guns, driving equipment, mining guns, freeing prisoners, exterminating stupid opponents – who, it seems, even got stupid rather than wiser – or maybe no one just bothered to write normal scripts for them. Plus – as usual, and this has been repeatedly complained about – missions that are almost impossible to complete except by trial and error, with the help of constant save / load.

Total – of dubious value for six hours of entertainment, in which there is nothing new. There is, however, something beautiful – although the engine no longer shines with modernity. But even in spite of the new multiplayer mode “release” (in which the killed soldiers go to the enemy’s prison and they must be released) – Breakthrough is generally perceived as a mockery of the players, elementary disrespect for them. We would not recommend buying it to anyone other than the most dedicated Medal of Honor fans – there are quite a few excellent shooters on the market today.Much more original and attractive in appearance.

By the way – if you’ve lived on a desert island for the last couple of years – you can get a good three-disc release, including MOHAA and both add-ons, and enjoy all this pack as a single game. The single-disc option will require you to get it out of Allied Assault’s dusty closets.

Freedom Fighters

The epic of the success of the concept of “romantic revolutionaries” continues 🙂 For the first time, perhaps in recent years, in the form of a real high-budget man, perfectly done from start to finish.Games released both on PC and on each of the modern top consoles – PS2, Gamecube, Xbox.

Of course, PC-Schnicks are usually not happy about multiplatformity – but this time there is nothing to worry about: neither the graphics nor the interface make discounts on platformer roots. But they didn’t manage to make a multiplayer, although they promised (on consoles it is in their usual, truncated form). What a pity, because to go through such a campaign in a co-op – the price would not be a pleasure 🙂

Freedom Fighters have chosen for themselves the most “correct” of all possible forms of revolutionary struggle.A form that will seem to everyone’s liking – at least to every American. In the parallel world of FF, it was not the Americans who dropped the atomic bomb on Hiroshima, but the USSR on Berlin. As a result, he united the whole of Europe under the “communist” regime (England was the last to join), installed missiles in Cuba, puppet regimes in South America, and finally achieved the coming to power of the communists in Mexico. And on the day when the main character and his partner went to clear the sewer pipe (his work is plumbing) to one of the leaders of the anti-communist watchdog organization – the Soviets finally invaded the territory of the States and established, as it seemed to them, control over it.All this is preceded by such a glorious video “from the life of submarines” that it remains a complete mystery why a global nuclear war did not break out at that moment – but let’s leave it on the conscience of the developers. As a result, the control of the “Rashns” turned out to be illusory – since a powerful insurrectionary movement of ordinary citizens arose throughout America, in the best traditions of “take up arms and defend freedom” – and the rebels do not give the occupiers a respite.

It is clear that in a moment of danger it is not top managers, fashion designers and movie stars who cover their country with broad breasts – simple strong guys are doing this, so your character is almost an ideal candidate for the role of a battle leader who has gone through hardships (and if you recall the good old the film “The Postman” – you can see how wonderful field commanders are born from humble salesmen of household appliances).Moreover, the opportunity is twisting – in the apartment of Isabella, torn apart by the vanguard of the invasion (this is the name of the beautiful rebel, which you will soon have to release so that she becomes your boss and maybe not only) you save one of the functionaries of the future underground. With him you have to get to the underground rebel base, set up in an abandoned water pipe – and start an exciting military guerrilla career, gradually gaining success in the only role-playing parameter in the game – charisma.Which determines how many people you can manage at the same time – because FF is not just a third-person shooter, but a team tps.

But first, a few words about execution. Fighters for Freedom did not go the traditional way of increasing the number of polygons, super-licked textures of amazing detail and squeezing their most fantastic tricks out of $ 500 video cards. Not surprisingly, they also needed their game to look good on consoles, which lack many of the PC capabilities.FF takes in the end not the quality, but the number of objects – and don’t let the simplicity of some of them scare you. Some scenes would not impress a modern gamer at all, being taken out of context – a mid-level player model stands in a modest alley among garbage containers, which obviously did not come here from Unreal-2 (in such alleyways, levels often begin, because according to legend, the rebels move from location to location using the underground communications system). But it is worth taking a few steps – and you can find yourself on a busy street, where crowds of people are running in panic (no less than in State of Emergency), cars and armored vehicles drive, helicopters fly, the sun blinds your eyes, and the building nearby suddenly begins to fall apart on the pieces that are spectacularly falling on the pavement, and at the same time heaving clouds of dust.

Even in those cases when the locations are not so busy – they are at least large, while having both open spaces and numerous interior spaces. The weather effects are superbly implemented – rain, snow, fog and smoke, “escaping rays of light”. The character models are made in the same “compromise” way – not ultra-sophisticated, but bright and expressive.

I would rather praise the animation of the characters – but it is somewhat conditional, due to which what is happening is perceived more like a conventionally cartoony than threateningly realistic.And when you shoot at an “explosive barrel” (oh, these eternal explosive barrels), the enemies unwisely grouped around it are thrown around not as real people, but as “computer men”. However, it is for the best possible – you will have to kill so much in the game that the implementation in the style of “bloody meat” would not only lower the age ratings, but also simply tire the players (not all, after all, fans of Soldier of Fortune).

This “toy-comis world” is sounded – it is wonderful to observe it in all its complexity and in motion, rather than to look closely at the details.Especially for our gamers who cannot help but be touched by the atmospheric exclamations of a talking enemy voiced in perfect Russian: “Forward to the attack!”, “Take no prisoners!”, “Death to rats!”, “Rats are coming!” bastard! ” and so on 🙂 “Ours” are not inferior: “Get your hands off me, damn commie!” Music is good when it is, voice actors work honestly to the fullest, sound effects – well, they just are: everything you need shoots, explodes and rumbles.

Here we come to the most interesting thing – the gameplay.At first, everything is perceived as a fairly ordinary shooter. Your character can run and jump (climb), crouch, open doors, heal himself and other people. Alas, you cannot drive cars – which is a pity, otherwise the similarity with GTA would be already frightening. Although the view is from a third person, the guidance is accurate – through a conveniently controlled sight with a mouse (in the attachment versions, auto-aiming is used). The camera reacts very sharply – in a split second you can look around and up, you can turn around instantly: you might even want to lower the mouse sensitivity a little.But! – by holding down its right button, you can instantly switch to the “precise aiming” mode, with a magnificent view “over the shoulder” – the field of view will instantly narrow, but you will be able to shoot the enemy group in a limited area of ​​the terrain much faster.

You don’t have to worry about reloading – the character will do it himself, and will try to choose “respite” for this (some may not like this “block of firing” at the most inopportune moment – they will have to learn to crouch and hide more often).The weapon is made excellent in feel – both in terms of sheer pleasure and in terms of specialization of use. It will not be difficult to “taste” the difference between a revolver and a pistol, the difference between a high-precision rapid-fire assault rifle and the dull power of a pump-action shotgun. Unfortunately, the enemy’s damage model is closer to the “extremely arcade” one: it is completely incomprehensible how the enemies manage to get up and get up, having received several short bursts in the body or in the extremities. No special exotic, however, is foreseen – there is also a sniper rifle, several types of heavy automatic weapons, a bazooka.Molotov cocktails, grenades, packs of explosives. A wrench, binoculars and the ubiquitous “first aid kits” that cure any degree of damage to the maximum, the main thing is not to clap your ears to the moment of critical health, since the first aid kit is almost always in abundance.

But there is also a save load – saving occurs automatically at the start of the location, so you don’t have to resort to “quick save anywhere”, which is quantitatively limited. The volume of your “inventory” (which is conveniently controlled from the mouse – “chamomile”, called from the third key) is limited – if you fill it too much, the character can simply stop picking up cartridges – of which the game is often lacking.Therefore, you should wisely choose your main weapon – at each moment there can be only one weapon, although it can be replaced with one found or removed from a corpse. And if you go into battle with a sniper – perhaps one day you will have to throw it, because there is no way to find ammunition, while “Kalashnikovs” and horns for them are a dime a dozen. All the weapons and ammunition you find are taken down to the “arsenal” in the shelter – before starting the next mission, you can collect the initial equipment from there.

But you can take partners for yourself right “in the course of the play”: your “charisma” defines free “slots” in which you can recruit relatively easily found “sympathetic citizens” – while you yourself figure out who you need more at the moment – a citizen with a gun or a citizen with a pump, and a citizen with a pistol may be worth refraining from. In addition to “recruited”, there are also “additional characters”: a patient who begs for help (helping him increases the same charisma), a black guy who always gives you useful advice (like your partners, he is protected from friendly fire).Among the “partners” there are blacks and whites, men and women – choose according to your taste, although keep in mind that you will have to part with some if your management and tactics are not very effective.

As if responding to the pleas of gamers, who are simply tired in other team shooters to patronize a group of feeble-minded bots in detail – the team interaction is made extremely stress-free. The fighters perceive only three commands: “to me and regroup”, attack (a specific target or area in front), “defend” (where they are standing) – all this can be addressed both to one of the team, and to the whole group as a whole (you need to hold the command button a little longer).They themselves take care of their weapons, their ammunition, their health (sometimes, however, they are incapacitated and they have to be treated – but this is if, for example, you ordered them to climb into the front of the enemy’s fortified checkpoint). They do not bump into walls, they almost always find their way well, they know how to use shelters and permanently mounted weapons (you also know how to use them). In addition, you do not need to constantly be afraid of losing them – they are perceived almost as consumables (unless, of course, your level of getting used to the game is not so deep that your conscience begins to protest against this approach).

Companions in this game are not an extra cause for concern, but an effective weapon, the style of use of which you choose yourself: if you want – rush forward like a death machine, and the other fighters of the team will clean up the remnants after you. If you want – send the guys ahead, and you yourself stay in the rear with a remote weapon in your hands. This approach will be more justified by the end of the game – after all, with each mission, tasks will be posed more and more difficult, and sooner or later you will have a group of as many as twelve people under your command.Considering that there are always more enemies, you can imagine what bright, even enchanting battles you can take part in. Because even the assault of an outpost by three of us in the second mission can plunge a beginner into a state of some confusion – there are so many objects and sounds that require attention to themselves. This is catchy, this drive is a mixture of action and virtual shooting gallery.

But that’s not all. The biggest highlight here is the linearity and at the same time nonlinearity of the passage of both the campaign and individual levels.No wonder the game was built by the creators of Hitman 2, unforgettable for many. In general, the campaign consists of alternating episodes presented to you in turn, but each of them consists of a set of missions, where you not only choose the order of passage yourself, missions are also linked to one another. That is, you go, for example, to one, go through part of it, and then they tell you not to go further, be so kind as to do part of the other first (let’s say, go blow up a gas station so that snipers who are entrenched there do not interfere with your passage to the underpass).This is all, of course, a little artificial – if you imagine all several missions as one big, then the illusion will disappear … but, again, pseudo-nonlinearity turns into almost real nonlinearity within each of the individual missions.

Because each of them is a large stage (alas, it is often quite artificially limited – from concrete fences across the street to an “invisible barrier”), about which you have only the most approximate idea, plus the task set before you (usually trivial – that capture something by hanging the American flag, destroy something, free someone).How to achieve your goal is up to you alone, studying the situation on the spot, examining the location and behavior of the enemy. Moreover, you can always find several ways to achieve the goal – some are based on brute force, some on accuracy and speed, and others on roundabout maneuvers through the passages that still need to be found. You can go into an almost hopeless frontal attack on machine guns, and miraculously succeed by throwing an incendiary mixture at them (and then use the fortification against the next group of enemies), or you can quietly enter through the back door and complete the task without bothering to clear the area “to the last bastard.” …Thoughtfully explore everything or rush to the target with a rocket is also your choice.

Moreover, the game is made in such a way that stealth sensations are almost as good as straight-line firearms, and you can often get close to the enemy – to shoot at close range or even to score melee. A kind of peculiar hybrid of Hitman with a bright military arcade, where there is a place for both thinking and action. Unfortunately, the enemies do not show the same serious ability for reasonable actions as your fighters – they are clearly “assigned to their area”, are too numerous, often slow down (in the sense that they not only lose their orientation, but are simply tuned in to a conditionally arcade type of behavior, giving you a fair head start – however, you can increase your difficulty level).Although they know how to use obstacles and replace fallen comrades in responsible posts. Opponents – of whom there are quite a few, who eventually grow to the level of even tanks – undoubtedly react to what is happening around, but clearly in a small radius: you can watch the garrison of the “checkpoint not far away” peacefully calmly walk, while the last of their fellow soldiers , you can say, shoot here at point-blank range. Another reason to consider the game as a smart arcade game, and not a “reality simulator”.But it can be scary – they can hunt you, suddenly jump out of doors and shelters. Play in everything tries to be a mixture of sensations, not a pure ingredient. Tries to be different all the time.

The comic-like feeling of what is happening is further enhanced by videos that show you between episodes – where a colorful TV presenter tells Americans about the new realities of their life, opening their eyes to the rotten essence of their old way of life and painting the delights of the new (“Welcome, New York, in a better future “).Here you will meet the leader of the invasion, General Tatarin (or -?), With the chief of the KGB Bulba, and other funny characters. In terms of the quality of the content, the videos will easily compete with the legendary inserts in Red Alert – those, however, were made by digitizing the video, and the FF videos are run on the engine.

Summing up – the game is excellent, on the PC for a long time there was nothing so alive, so non-canonical. It’s also a great excuse for PC gamers to be more friendly with the console gaming industry – and great products are coming out of it.We no doubt recommend the game to everyone who likes the action genre, we urge you not to be afraid in this case of the terrible word “command” and bitterly mourn the unborn multiplayer, which leaves Ghost Recon still in the first place in the multiplayer co-op subgenre. It remains to add that the total gameplay there is about ten hours, and replaying is not particularly interesting. (although you can replay each mission separately).

Warhammer 40.000 Fire Warrior

Personally, from our point of view, this is a first-person shooter, created based on the tabletop semi-combat semi-role-playing system Warhammer 40.000 – did not live up to the high expectations assigned to it. Precisely because, probably, it turned out to be very much like a “typical first person shooter”. After all, previous games, where it was a question of the space variety of Warhammer (and all of them could be called anything, but not typical) – were associated rather with huge, slow armored colossus-armor, unhurried but confident progress and incredible destructive abilities. With imperial ambitions, legendary characters and lofty ideals.And all this unexpectedly remained … on the side of the enemy, because you have to play for a young but promising warrior of an alien race opposing the Earth Empire.

Since it all started in the minor key, let’s talk about the shortcomings right away. Firstly, the game was made for console platforms too (the PS2 is scheduled for release a month later than for the PC) – and this definitely left its mark on the graphics, which most likely will not be fundamentally better than the console version. Secondly, this very release has not yet officially taken place even on the PC (promised at the end of October) – so there is no certainty whether we are dealing here with the final or non-final version.Thirdly, although no direct indications of non-finality have been found, the release that fell into our hands (white platinum) was made rather doubtfully. Maybe there is a matter in the required .Net component, maybe just the handles are not the same, but only the launcher, in which only the graphic options can be set, is not available, and you have to play in the default settings. Which, automatically, makes all our thoughts about the graphical performance of the game somewhat incorrect – but how is the very minimum set (if we find a more correct version, we will be sure to share it) ?? Fourth, the impudent treachery of the publisher “7wolf” has finally become apparent – if you run their own “exe” -shnik, you will receive a message – “for the correct game, you need a disc from 7wolf”.And if you copy the “exe” -file of the Western release-group on it, carelessly left on the disk, and run it – you won’t need any disks, it plays great with the HDD. Fifth, the multiplayer mode in the game has shown its complete uselessness. Provided, as usual, three standard modes, deathmatch, team death match and capture the flag. At the same time, neither weapons nor cards are absolutely nothing that we would not have seen somewhere (play Unreal Tournament 2003, as they say).A typical case of multiplayer, made for excuse, “so it was” 🙁

It is difficult to say anything particularly pleasant about the single-player campaign – in principle, this is not a bad shooter, quite exotic, but nothing more. The complete stereotyped thinking evokes melancholy already in the training mission, where your warrior is led by the hand through the ability to run, jump and crawl. You also learn how to shoot – perhaps the only original side of the weapon is the serious “spread” of fire, which is partially compensated by the ability of all weapons to “track the target” in a limited small radius from the “sight”.It is possible, however, that it is not the weapon that does this, but your personal “warrior skills”. You can have two weapons with you at the same time, but you can only use one at a time. You can pick up the barrels of killed opponents, or take only cartridges from them. The choice of weapons – and it is approximately symmetrical from the side of earthlings and “non-earthlings” – did not impress something: energy and physical rifles and carbines, a pair of snipers, a bazooka, a strange “electric gun”. However, the authors promised about a dozen types of weapons, and a set of “information kiosks” at the end of the training informed about the “weapon of experimental technologies” – so there is hope.

At first it seemed that the pleasure of shooting is only when using standard mounted turrets, and everything wearable is something like a bunch – but still no, you can catch pleasure, only it is special. Instead of “clanking metal and streams of lead” – a strange sensation of “curtain of fire”. There are also grenades – you can pick up a certain number of them, they are not particularly effective as weapons of mass destruction, the pleasure from them is also almost zero – they are very “bouncing rubber” and unimpressive (just like the explosions of artillery shells through which you can run like it’s just a nice rain).There is a sword as a melee weapon – its effectiveness allows it to be classified as more of a ritual weapon, or maybe a paper knife. Enemy officers sometimes run around with creepy-sounding saw-swords, and this is a terrible thing – but they don’t give you such a thing 🙁 Of course, the game was not without “standard first-aid kits”, “standard buttons” and “standard keys”.

The “health concept” has somewhat smoothed out the painful picture – damage directly to you (which is healed by a first-aid kit) is inflicted only if your energy armor has been pierced.And armor is restored very quickly if you leave the fire zone and hide around a corner or ledge for a couple of seconds. In combination with a huge number of first-aid kits scattered carefully at every corner, and with a system of temporary saves at every checkpoint, which are also at every turn, this makes you almost immortal (while your comrades are literally dying before your eyes in batches).

In general, the only thing that makes this game attractive enough is the plot that controls you all the time, tells you something, keeps you under constant control, in every possible way creating the illusion of interactive cinema.”Hell of war”, often hyper-saturated combat atmosphere, excellent voice acting – all this is present, although sometimes the theatricality of events is too obvious. For example, once it was possible to spot a soldier who appeared right out of thin air (“no one knows where” they come running like that all the time), and the shelling is very decorative. And the “texture gluing seam” right in the sky is generally a shame.

The relatively good AI of enemies allows you to get deep enough into what is happening – again, if you do not seriously think about the algorithms of enemy actions.Powerful bosses at the end of the levels are pleasant – although the first one already makes you think about whether it is worth starting the game over, moving the difficulty to hard. The graphics in the game are good in places, annoying in places. The pluses include in some places very nice scenery designs (structures, mechanisms) and excellent animation, some special effects (and very curious, by the way, night vision). The disadvantages are the repeatability of elements, the absence of “stunning” finds. However, the word “repeatability” very well characterizes the gameplay itself 🙁 If you are ready to exterminate, exterminate and exterminate the same enemies in the same interiors, then you can get joy from the game.Further promised combat drones under remote control and stealth armor are unlikely to significantly change the situation.

Summing up – instead of the expected hit, a quite ordinary project came out. It can only bring special joy to fans of Warhammer 40,000 – after all, they will be able to see with their own eyes much of what unfolded primarily in their imaginations. Moreover, it is much more visually spectacular than the gameplay itself – videos on the engine are made, which illustrate the development of linear “action”.The pre-calculated videos, by the way, are made simply stunning – and it is a great pleasure to watch them. More movie than game – that’s the main problem with this product.

If you notice an error, select it with the mouse and press CTRL + ENTER.

Ultralight Backpacking – travel light. An article about easy walking.

Translation of the article and useful comments and additions were made by the visitor of the forum / forum / – gapsf, who has kindly agreed to make this article public for everyone to see.A link to the source when reprinting is required!
Sources:
http://trailquest.net/ultralight.html
http://www.backpacking.net/
http://www.centerwalk.com/
http://theory.lcs.mit .edu / ~ e_lehman / Ultralight / equipment.html
http://swultralight.home.bresnan.net/
Introduction, Terms
This compilation, compiled from various sources, briefly explains the philosophy, principles and aspects of light travel. (weight), as well as the topic of ultralight gear and equipment.
Hiking – long hiking trip (usually done for personal enjoyment, not for sporting purposes). Of the Russian words, the word “hike” is best suited.
Hiker – hiker, hiker.
Backpack – a back bag with straps, that is, a backpack in our way.
Backpacking – (long) hiking with a backpack, hiking with a backpack.
Ultralight – super light.
Lightweight – lightweight (in the sense of weight).
(Ultra) light Backpacking, (Ultra) light Hiking – a long hiking trip with a minimum total weight taken on this trip.
(Ultra) light Gear – (over) light gear.
Base pack weight – the weight of everything you are carrying, excluding water, food and fuel (i.e. consumables).
Silnylon – rip-stop weave fabric impregnated with silicone, weight 28 g / m. sq. Soda / Pepsi Can Stove is a homemade stove made from an aluminum can (soda / pepsi).
Pound – lb = 0.454 kg. (abbreviated – lb.)
Ounce – ounce = 28.35 gr. (abbr. oz.)
Philosophy, principles
This concept is not new, it has been used by many people for a long time.And who has not thought about how to take on a hike less things and equipment – after all, all this has to be carried on their shoulders. A legend among American hikers was Emma Gatewood, nicknamed “Granny”, who at the age of 67 climbed the Appalachian Trail (a 3500 km walking route in the eastern United States http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appalachian_Trail).
And then went through it again and again and again. However, she always traveled alone, without tents, sleeping bags, backpacks, maps and hiking boots. She preferred tennis shoes and wore them in five pairs.In her homemade bag, she took: a sweater, a jacket, a scarf, a light woolen jacket for sleeping, a plastic curtain for the bathroom as an awning, two plastic water bottles, a rain cap, a raincoat, a flashlight, a Swiss knife, a teaspoon, a small mug, matches, plaster, antiseptic, pins, hairpins, threads, needles, soap, towel.
In the modern sense of the concept of (Ultra) light Hiking / Backpacking I would reduce to one principle: “Minimum weight without compromising safety and minimum level of convenience”.Plus there are two main ways to achieve this.
The first is to minimize the list of things (clothing, equipment, food, medicine, shelter, etc.) that you take with you on your trip.
Don’t take what you MAY need – only what you need. Remove (unfasten) all pieces of equipment and clothing that will not be used.
The second is to use only the easiest, smallest, packable, reliable and multifunctional.
This item also applies to your body – you yourself will carry a couple of extra pounds of fat.At the same time, reducing the weight of one piece of equipment can affect the choice of the rest of the equipment as follows:
for example, the less weight we put in the backpack, the less bulky and heavy backpack we need, and this will lead to the fact that shoes designed for large weight, can be replaced with a lighter one. Everything ingenious is simple.
Naturally, everyone has different needs for comfort, and safety requirements depend primarily (as I think) on the complexity of the route and experience. Therefore, I think there is no need to blindly follow the figures given on many resources.So, what numbers are we talking about? Of course about the weight.
Based on the so-called Base pack weight, the hike (by weight) can be classified as follows:

Less than 12 lb (5.5 kg) – ultralight,
12 – 20 lb (5.5 – 9 kg) ¬¬¬ – lightweight,
20 – 30 pounds (9 – 14 kg) – normal
over 30 pounds (14 kg) – “You are really strong, or stupid, or both.”
For a start, you can focus on the following figure – the weight of everything that you carry on yourself should not exceed 20 – 25% of your weight, including water, food, fuel.
For example, for a woman weighing 55 kg, 25% is about 14 kg for everything. If this includes 2 liters. water (2 kg) and food for 4 days (2.8 kg), then about 9-10 kg remain for everything else (i.e. we get into lightweight). Although this principle is not universal: 20% for 100 kg. men give 20 kg, and for 55 kg women – 11 kg. As always, the most difficult thing is to maintain a balance between “what you want” and “what you need” to take with you.

Advantages of (Ultra) light Hiking / Backpacking

Using this concept you can:
– enjoy your trip more – after all, that’s what you go on;
– to travel further – to go a greater distance per day;
– move faster;
– less tired;
– to protect the knees and back, from diseases associated with their overload;
– Lighten your feet – use lighter boots and be more agile.
Plus you save money as most of the ultralight gear and clothing is cheaper than classic gear. The most important exception is sleeping bags, which are more expensive than usual.

Mental Attitude

The idea is that we don’t want anything too big. We want only what we need and no more. “Less” does not mean a lack of something, but just self-restraint. Those. it is necessary to proceed from the principle of self-sufficiency. A traveler who constantly borrows equipment, food, water, fuel, not a traveler, but a parasite on the body of the tourist community.Of course, there are situations when you need to share, but the main goal of such a traveler is to have everything he needs with him, since in some areas you may not meet anyone for several days or weeks. This makes self-sufficiency a must.
Your body is no exception in overall weight loss. You also need to be determined to keep your weight down – remove all the excess – more muscle to work and less fat to carry.
And in no case should you gain weight before the hike, expecting to use these “reserves” on the way.

Reality and experience

Everything cannot be foreseen in life. Bad weather or climate, the need for a special diet can increase the weight of the backpack. It is best to pre-try the (Ultra) light Hiking / Backpacking principles on a short itinerary with a few overnights before embarking on a long trip. Some subtleties and problems become visible only a few days after the release. And traveling in fine weather is not the most reliable way to test your approach.Your preparation should be tested in the worst conditions that can be encountered on a real route. Set up an awning, check covers and shelters before entering the route.
Take care when bringing children, animals, and inexperienced and elderly people with you. Let no one tell you what you need and what not. Decide for yourself. And further. All comes with experience. With each trip, you will better understand what you need and don’t need to take with you, how to use this or that thing. Nobody can tell you what you need.

This is a constant process of finding the optimal minimum!
Equipment Preferences

The reduction in weight of modern equipment and clothing is due to new fabrics and designs. Thinking outside the box is the way to generate thousands of new ideas.
Using silnylon for shelters, awnings, duffel bags, rucksack covers and raincoats can cut the weight in half compared to conventional items. True, you need to be especially careful with him when cooking and working with a needle, but the result is impressive.
Microfleece, silk, polyester and nylon have replaced cotton and thick man-made fibers. The result is more versatile, lightweight and quick-drying hiking clothing.
Multipurpose equipment eliminates duplication. But here you need to think before jeopardizing health or safety. Do not trust a poncho, which serves as both a raincoat and a cape for a backpack, and the main shelter. As a loose raincoat, it is no better than a light jacket. Water may drip and run off your hands when using a poncho with trekking poles.
Taking off your body and using a raincoat for cover in cold and rainy weather is a bad idea. It is very important to stay dry and warm in this weather, and clothing that protects from the rain can be a very effective wind control by keeping the air heated by the body. And removing this important layer from oneself at the end of the day, in order to organize a shelter from it for the night, requires special consideration and verification.
However, very experienced hikers use such a system. In summer, in the desert, or on short routes, this approach can be used successfully.
Vital equipment should not be used in two ways. If you put on a rain poncho and at the same time closed your backpack with it, then you can no longer take off your backpack and cover it with this poncho – you need something to protect yourself from the rain. The same is with the shelter – if the temperature has dropped, and the poncho is needed in order to keep warm, then you can no longer take it off yourself and make a shelter out of it. If you decide to replace a heavy backpack, a jacket with a gortex and a 3-season tent for one versatile item – a “poncho-tent-cape for a backpack”, despite the fact that you will save about 2 kg.one must carefully consider this approach from various points of view. In this case, your backpack should always be with you. If during the rain you have installed a shelter made of such a universal thing, then you already have nothing to hide behind in order to go “big” or “small”.

Partners

Something can be saved if you are not traveling alone. But we must not forget about the following.
If your partner decides to turn halfway home, can you continue the journey on your own? This is especially true for shelters and sleeping systems.It doesn’t matter how much you trust your partner – it can happen that you will be separated for a couple of days. So you must have something to hide under. While traveling, it may turn out that your partner needs more space under cover, this must be taken into account. You can solve this issue with a poncho, attaching it to an awning as a lobby. However, in case of rain, in the morning when you need to get ready for the trip, this can be inconvenient, because your poncho is part of your shelter.
Some couples sleep together in the same sleeping bag. However, if you are spinning and tossing and turning all night and still strive to push your partner out of the sleeping bag, then it is better to take each one a sleeping bag.
Regarding food. Some prepare breakfast every morning with no problem. For others, washing the bowl is a big problem – they’d rather sleep the extra half hour and eat snickers before going on the route. Some stop and cook on the route during the day. If you have different preferences for what and when to eat, then it’s best for everyone to take their own food and cooking plate.
Well, now let’s start actually examining the equipment for these purposes.

Rucksacks / Backpacks / Packs

Start by cutting off excess shoulder straps and see how inches of fabric translate into saved grams of weight. Then think about the overall volume of the backpack, bags, especially if they are made of dense and heavy fabric. By adjusting the size to your needs, you will save 50 – 100 grams.
Backpacks made entirely of rip-stop fabric can significantly help reduce overall weight.For outer pockets under water, a raincoat, a cape, you can use a net. It is better to use backpacks with a weight belt, as food for a week plus water can easily bring the weight of the luggage up to 16 kg.
Plastic wraps and trash bags are also useful to keep food and sleeping bags free from water. The
Breeze is a classic 400g ultralight backpack. and mesh pockets. These pockets are convenient for storing wet items and water bottles. One trick is to roll the sleeping mat into a cylinder and slide it vertically into the backpack.And then, fold everything else inside the resulting cylinder.
There are two main ways to protect the contents of a backpack from rainfall. The first is a waterproof cover for the backpack, the second is to put a garbage bag inside the backpack. The dry set and sleeping bag must have their own waterproof bags / bags. Here are a couple more examples:
http://theory.lcs.mit.edu/~e_lehman/Ultralight/p1.jpg – about 700g,
http://theory.lcs.mit.edu/~e_lehman/Ultralight/ g4.jpg – 450 gr.
Choosing an ultralight backpack is easy – just go for proven models, not just ones that hit the market. To carry more weight, you need a backpack with a frame and a weight belt. These 3 Models
http://theory.lcs.mit.edu/~e_lehman/Ultralight/vaportrail.jpg
http://theory.lcs.mit.edu/~e_lehman/Ultralight/p2.jpg
http: // theory.lcs.mit.edu/~e_lehman/Ultralight/ghost.jpg
are designed for a load of about 14 kg and weigh 2-2.5 kg.
And any ultralight backpack is lighter than the classic one by as much as 2.5 kg and much cheaper.

Shelters

Shelters should protect you during your rest from precipitation, crawling and flying insects, wet and cold ground, condensation.
Tarps made of non-wetting cloth without bottom (Tarps)
It has no floor. Its advantages: arbitrary slope, large coverage area per unit weight. Since there is no floor, the animals inside will have nothing to tear with their claws, the fuel from the stove will not burn it, it can be installed on an uneven surface. But you need to be careful when choosing a place so that water does not drain into the place where you sleep – you can install an awning in place with a slope.Such an awning is usually installed using trekking poles and guy wires.
http://www.trailquest.net/dlgctacomatarp.html
http://www.trailquest.net/dlgctarps.html
http://theory.lcs.mit.edu/~e_lehman/Ultralight/tarptent.jpg – 650 gr.
They have a rain roof, a fine insect screen and adequate ventilation. The floor is a separate element and insulates from wet soil and insects in the grass.
Tents and Shelters
These are homemade tents
http: // www.trailquest.net/dlgctactent2.html – double
http://www.trailquest.net/dlgctactentsolo.html – single, weight 560 gr.
Some people think it’s better to spend money on a heavier tent than to make a homemade one. If you have a long trip ahead, it’s better to spend them all the same on such an ultralight tent – this will save weight and money spent during the trip itself.
Ultra lightweight tarpaulins and tents outperform double layer tents of 2 kg or more.
Teepees
http://www.trailquest.net/BRteepee.html – from silnylon, weight about 1.2 kg.
Hammocks
They are designed for one traveler and are not very suitable for cold weather http://theory.lcs.mit.edu/~e_lehman/Ultralight/hammock.jpg
. There should be enough trees in the area along which the route passes so that there is something to tie the hammock to. The hammock can also be used in temporary parking lots as a bivouac bag. If you only have a hammock and no awning, it can be difficult to prepare food in bad weather.On the other hand, in a hammock, you do not need sleeping mats, and stones and water flowing down the ground will not bother you. Usually the weight is from 0.7 to 1.1 kg. The most widely used hammock system is the Hennessy Hammock.
Bivy bags
The bivy bag can be used as additional protection for your sleeping bag from rain or cold. They are rarely used as an independent hiding place.
Ground cloths
These covers are rarely needed for awnings (no bottom).
When choosing them, make sure that they are slightly less than the area of ​​the awning floor, so that water, flowing down the panel, does not fall on them.
Hammock users usually also need something to put things under the hammock. It could be a plastic bag. Typically Tyvek fabric is used for the coating.
Stakes
For sandy or rocky soil, these are the stakes.

Sleep System

The Sleep System has three functions: it keeps you warm while you sleep, supports your head and softens uneven and hard floors, and isolates you from the ground.
Do not take a pillow specially with you – you can use a bag full of soft things as a pillow.
Air mattresses or foam mats are used to cushion and isolate from the cold ground. In general, air mattresses are heavier, more expensive, take up less space and are more comfortable. For warm weather, you can choose a shorter mat, but in cold conditions the mat should be long enough to fit your feet.
Find a sleeping bag or blanket for the lowest temperatures expected.Unlike most ultralight gear, ultralight sleeping bags are more expensive than regular ones. The best filler is down – from 700 to 900 FP. Such a sleeping bag warms better than any synthetics, so that they don’t talk about it, it is lighter, squeezes well and lasts longer. It is not recommended to take sleeping bags with a lower FP – they do not last long.
In winter conditions, in a down sleeping bag, it is possible for the down to become damp due to fumes from your body. To prevent this, you can use vapor-proof liners.It is often said that wet synthetics continue to warm, but wet down does not. But in reality, this does not really matter, since the down in the sleeping bag is rather difficult to wet due to the waterproof upper fabric used in modern models. However, be prepared to pay a couple hundred extra bucks to save weight and heat.
If you decide to stay on synthetics (which makes sense in very wet conditions) – take sleeping bags with Thinsulate LiteLoft – it is lighter and more compact or with Polarguard 3D.A sleeping bag with temperatures down to -7C will satisfy almost anyone who needs a 3-season sleeping bag. However, be skeptical about the temperatures indicated by the manufacturer – these numbers are quite subjective. Do not take a sleeping bag that is too spacious or too long – it will be difficult for the body to heat up the additional volume of air. An awning or bivy bag will add about 6 degrees of insulation compared to sleeping outdoors. Silk or fleece lining increases the thermal insulation of the sleeping bag. If it is very cold, you can insert a silnylon bag inside the sleeping bag in the leg area.Also, in cold conditions, you can use vapor-proof bags and clothing.

Clothing

The main principle is no cotton, it is heavy, absorbs a lot of water, while it stops heating and dries for ages. The classic three-layer system is suitable here.
Base layer – a T-shirt, for example, an orange one – so that hunters don’t shoot you, and if it’s not hunting season – so that poachers don’t shoot you: o)
And shorts, preferably with deep (everything will fall out of small) pockets – for cards and sandwiches.In some conditions, it is more convenient to walk in long pants and a sweater with long sleeves – to protect from the sun, insects, and stinging plants. A duplicate set is recommended – for sleeping or for washing the main one.
Some people prefer skirts and a Scottish kilt – they are comfortable and do not chafe. Whatever you choose, look for something comfortable and made from 100% nylon or polyester. Silk is very comfortable, but quickly deteriorates under the sun.
It is recommended to wear a second layer, even in warm weather. A fleece pullover with a zip around the neck, a hood, or at least a high collar is preferable – it is lightweight and dries quickly.Fleece tights are the perfect underlay for your feet. The tighter they fit, the better. The nylon leotard weighs just 30 grams and works with the storm pants to create a lightweight, warm, versatile system.
Except in very hot weather, a fleece cap and gloves or mittens are recommended. In the morning, do not fold your awning with these gloves – they will get wet from the morning condensation – and your hands will be cold for a long time.
You will also need a waterproof jacket with a hood and possibly waterproof trousers.Don’t limit yourself to just “breathable waterproof” materials like Gore-Tex. Other options are possible, something like this.
Some people like Silnylon jackets and trousers. This kit weighs only 170 grams and is a vapor tight wind and rain seal. For colder conditions, padded or synthetic jackets or softshells are suitable.
In a sparse forest or in an open area, it is possible to use a light umbrella. It can be used to protect yourself and your backpack from precipitation or the scorching sun while traveling or a short rest.The umbrella allows you to replace your Gore-Tex garment with something simpler and lighter.

Cookwear, Stoves

Cooking is inevitable on a hike – you can’t eat dry food all the time. The price of hot food in terms of weight (excluding fuel) is not that high – about 250 grams. In addition, it allows light freeze-dried food such as rice to be carried. A typical kitchen system consists of a spoon, bowl, and burner. A bowl or saucepan for one should have a volume of about 1 liter.For example, this one weighing 140 grams. or such a titanium set weighing 272 grams. or such an aluminum set weighing 847 grams. You can take aluminum dishes, but taking into account the problems with cleaning, dents, and food contamination with aluminum, it is better to take titanium.
The burner must be powerful enough to boil 0.5 l quickly. A typical ultralight burner consists of three parts: a hotplate, a pan, a windscreen. Under normal circumstances, homemade burners wipe their nose with commercial options. Such a burner is made from ordinary aluminum cans from Pepsi or soda.A typical version of such a burner has the following characteristics: power – 1400 W, for 30 ml of fuel, 0.5 liters of water can be boiled in 5 minutes, for 45 ml of fuel, 1 liter of water can be boiled in 12 minutes. With large volumes of water, homemade alcohol burners are inferior to commercial gas burners due to large heat losses. Details here.
Commercial versions of the MSR Pocket Rocket type (weight 86 g., 1 liter of water boils in 3.5 minutes) or Primus Alpine Titanium (97 g., 3000 W, 1 liter in 3 minutes) are also popular, operating on gas, mixtures gases (propane, butane, isopropane) or liquid fuel (kerosene, legroin, motor gasoline).You can use Esbit solid fuel pellets in such a stand burner. According to the manufacturer, a 14 g tablet is enough to boil 400 ml of water in 9 minutes.
Windscreen can be made from two to three layers of thick foil rolled into a cylinder. At the bottom, you need to make holes for air flow and fasten the foil with a paper clip. The stand must be able to support the weight of the food bowl and be stable enough. Shown here is the 230 gram cooking system. A home-made aluminum can burner powered by denatured alcohol is used as a heat source.This torch weighs only 30 grams. And do not forget about the matches – put several sets in different places so that they all cannot get wet at the same time.

Water Capacity / Treatment

On average, a traveler needs 4-8 liters of water per day. Plastic bottles with a volume of 1.5-2 liters are often used as containers for water. or these http://www.trailquest.net/dlgcwatersac.html Silnylon wineskins. Wineskins are convenient at stops and in the camp, but carrying water in them on the route is inconvenient.Sometimes you have to collect water in shallow water or in the dark. In this case, a small mug and wide-necked bottles are useful. Never hit the road with only one water filter. They break frequently. Be sure to take chemical reagents with you for water disinfection. While boiling is effective enough, it can happen that you don’t have the fuel to boil the water.
Filters
Of the 69 hikers surveyed who used filters, 53% reported a health disorder within days of starting the trip.Be aware that some filter components break or leak, and filter elements occasionally clog.
The most popular filter is the “Katadyn Hiker” – you simply dip the black-tipped hose into the water, pump it by the handle and the filtered water comes out through this gray gizmo. Actually, you can remove this big gray thing, saving 30-50 grams. After about a month, the filter starts to clog and needs to be replaced. The most effective way to increase filter life is to ensure that no haze or dirt is sucked into the inlet.The big drawback of filters is weight and price. “Katadyn Hiker” weighs 312 grams.
Iodine
Used by many. It is lightweight and inexpensive. However, pay attention to the instructions – some manufacturers require the water to have a temperature of at least + 10C for iodine to work. It can also change the taste of food cooked with such water. Vitamin C powder can discolor water, but at the same time deactivate iodine, so add it after complete disinfection.
Chlorine
It degrades over time in warm water and the sun and is ineffective in cold water.However, it is easy to obtain, requires only a few drops per liter and dissolves quickly in water.
Good hygiene will help eliminate most gastric ailments.

Trekking poles

These are useful in many situations. They reduce stress on the knees, reduce the risk of ankle sprains, help maintain balance in unstable situations, can protect against dogs and snakes, and can be used to set up shelters. Don’t buy the lightest – they bend easily.And don’t think that their use is whimsy and posturing – they are very useful, especially on stepped slopes.

Socks

The choice of socks depends on several factors. If you have already worn some and you liked them, buy several pairs. Make sure they don’t slip and stay well on your feet while walking. Take several pairs for the hike. Some hikers prefer to wear thin nylon socks under “basic” wool or blended socks. When choosing, weight, weather conditions and how loose your shoes are are important.If you get cold at night, take steam exclusively for parking. Keep them dry, along with your sleeping bag and clothing you sleep in. Fleece socks are perfect for sleeping, spiky wool socks will never hurt. Three pairs – just right – sleep in some, wear others, and still others. It is recommended that you dry your socks outdoors every night, even if you have not washed them.
Footwear
Running Shoes – A more durable running shoe, replacing heavy hiking boots. If they are of high quality, they will last from 930 to 1800 km.paths. They dry quickly, do not require handling, and are more “supportive” of ligaments and knees. Check the outsole tread – the pattern should be tight and deep. When shopping, do not forget that your foot is slightly larger in the evening than in the morning. You need enough free space in the toe area and a tight-fitting heel (back). It is better to remove the excess length of laces so that they have less tendency to untie. Check the sole and insole regularly for wear and damage during long hikes.However, the outsole of lightweight sneakers may not be enough for rocky terrain. Sandals are also an important piece of equipment. You can make these sandals, weighing 20-30 grams, useful in the city or in the soul. In more durable sandals, you can cross the fords and move along the route. For example, in these http://theory.lcs.mit.edu/~e_lehman/Ultralight/chaco.jpg. They are also good to wear at camp.
Intuitively, you want to wear heavy, waterproof boots with hard soles. This option has both pros and cons.Numerous studies have shown that 450 grams of weight on the leg is equivalent to 2700 grams on the back – accelerating and decelerating additional weight on the leg with each step is not an easy task for the legs. If such shoes get wet from the inside – from sweat or when crossing the ford – they will dry for a long time. If you twist your ankles a lot, then these boots can help you.

Hygiene

While traveling, you may not be as clean as in the city, but a minimum level of hygiene is important for your health, the health of those around you and your comfort.It is very important to wash your hands after using the toilet and before preparing / eating food – otherwise, you will experience intestinal upset. There are two main ways: use special alcoholic liquids / wipes or wash your hands with soap and water. In this case, in no case wash your hands in water sources – fill a bottle with water and water your hands from it. Entirely, the easiest way to wash yourself is by swimming in the lake. Try to wash away / downstream from the points of water intake.

Typical Personal Care Kit:
Toothpaste, brush, dental floss;
Cotton balls, isopropyl alcohol – for treating various parts of the body to prevent the growth of germs and odors;
Shampoo, soap;
Spatula, toilet paper;
Small comb;
Bandana – it can be soaked in cold water for cooling, it can be used to wipe off sweat and use it as a washcloth in the evening.

Medical / Emergency / Repair

Super glue,
cotton balls and isopropyl alcohol,
tweezers, sewing needles with an eyelet for threading,
nail tweezers,
small mirror,
electrical tape,
ibuprofen,
small knife,
pair of LED lights.
In recent years, flashlights with very bright LEDs have become available – they give a lot of light, are economical and lightweight. For example, these are
http: // www.photonlight.com/products/freedom_micro/index.html
http://www.photonlight.com/fusion/index.html
or
Princeton Tec Impact II LED (80g with four AAA batteries) that lasts about 75 hours …

Luxury goods

Cellulars, radios and PDAs are becoming more common on the road. But don’t forget that they need batteries, which comes with additional weight and expense.
The telephone is, at best, suitable for emergency calls and only within the coverage area. Many people take cameras for filming.Light digital or. disposable cameras.
Animals on a hike are a luxury and a headache. They need a lot of food and water. Dogs can run after some wild animals, but cats must be carried in a bag or they will run away somewhere. In some places, such as national parks, pets are prohibited. In addition, your pet can annoy your companions.

Example N1: List of Ultralight Gear and Outfit

Big Three:
Sleeping Bag – 680 gr.
Sleeping mat – 230 gr.
Shelter with struts, guy wires and a cover – 520 gr.
Floor covering on request.
Backpack, lining or trash bag as lining – 255 gr.
Backpack cover – 43 g.
Clothes Jacket and trousers from rain – 170 gr.
Warm clothing (fleece jacket – 340 g., Pants – 200 g., Hat, gloves, socks)
Middle layer (tights – 85 g., Silk jacket – 113 g., Socks – 28 g.)
Basic clothing ( shorts – 113 gr., jacket – 85 gr., socks – 28 g.)
Sandals (28 g.)
Clothes bag (14 g.)
Sleeping set (silk shorts – 57 g., silk jacket – 85 g.)
Urban clothes
Medicine, first help, repair (about 230 g.)
Toothbrush, paste, floss.
Comb
Light mirror
Tweezers
Disposable shaving razors
Denatured alcohol, cotton balls
Toilet paper
Spatula
Hand sanitizer or alcohol
Body lotion
Towel, bandana
Anesthetic
Imodium – 31 Anti-diarrhea drug
Insect repellent
Electrical tape
Threads, needles
Pins
Liquid super glue
Prescribed medicines
Glasses and sunglasses
Two – three bags for all this
Kitchen system (about 200 gr.)
Burner
Fuel (hexamine or alcohol)
Matches, lighter
Windscreen and supports
Pot
Cup, spoon
Dish cleaner
Plastic food bags
Closed trash bags
Bag for burner and stands
Bag for food
Prepare water and containers
Chemicals for water treatment
Filter possible
Water bottles (56 g)
Water wineskin (28 g)
Pendant or bottle pockets
Miscellaneous
Paper and pencil / pen
Trekking poles
Driving license (in Russia – passport)
Plastic card with money in the account
Emergency telephone numbers
Flashlights on bulbs / LEDs
Knife (5 gr.)
Can opener (4 g)
Wrist watch (16 g)
Route guides maps
Compass
Cash
Handbag for documents and money
Rope
Luxury goods Cellular
Radio with batteries
PDA
Camera
CD player , discs
Knee pads
Books
Pepper spray
Food container

Example N2: list of ultra-light equipment and equipment for a 3-day route in the mountains

Backpack – GVP Gear G5 Gossamer – 198 gr.
Backpack cover – homemade from silnylon – 71 gr.
Sleeping bag – Rab Quantum top bag – 482 gr.
Mattress – inflatable Bozeman Mt. Works ComfortLite Torso-Sized Inflatable Pad 284g
Backpack – GVP Gear G5 Gossamer – 198 gr.
Floor covering – dense Tyvek – 99 gr.
Shelter – Tarptent Virga 2 with extended sewn-in floor – 822 gr.
Food preparation – food container, spoon, no burner – 20 gr.
Water purification – iodine tablets – 6 gr.
Water Flask – Platypus Canteen, 2 Liter – 34 g.
Miscellaneous – Photon II flashlight, brush, pills, first aid, sun shade, repellent, cord, cards – 142 gr.
Rain / Wind clothing – RainShield O2 Rain jacket, GoLite Reed pants, disposable plastic gloves – 145 gr.
Bodywear
– Western Mountaineering Flight Jacket – 298 gr.
– microfleece trousers – 173 g.
– microfleece jacket – 204 gr.
– gloves – 31 g.
– TNF WindStopper Fleece Hat – 37 g.

Total – 3350 gr.

Food – 680 gr. / Day x 2 days plus a third of the day – 1590 gr.
Water – 0.5 L in a Gatoraid Bottle – 500 gr.
Fuel – no – 0 gr.

Total – 5440 gr.

DIY

DIY equipment has many benefits. You get the item exactly the size you need. Clothes fit better and pack better. Awnings can be of the size and shape you need. The backpacks will have the right size, shoulder straps and belt for you. Backpack covers will be the right size, burner, windscreen and stands will fit in your bowler hat.In addition, you can add the features you need. Storage bags can serve as hinged pockets or vapor-proof sleeping bags. The backpack will have as many pockets as you need. You will have the opportunity to simplify the design by avoiding unnecessary locks, planks, seams and other holes in the fabric.

7 open source alternatives / VDSina.ru corporate blog / Habr

In this translation we will tell you about alternative code editors that are in no way inferior to VS Code, and even surpass it with a competent selection of extensions.

The Visual Studio Code editor, also known as VS Code, runs on Linux, Windows, and macOS. It sits somewhere between a simple source code text editor and an integrated development environment (IDE) that manages your entire codebase. The functionality of VS Code can be extended with plugins. It is a robust code editor that can compete with proprietary competitors.

Initially VS Code was created as an open source product.However, its finished assemblies are distributed under the proprietary Microsoft license. But it is not all that bad.

Using VS Code as open source

The VS Code sources are available on GitHub. However, when you download a pre-built assembly, the Microsoft License comes into play. And then your VS Code abruptly ceases to be an open source product. It turns out that in this case the build process decides.

Chris Diaz, a developer on the VS Code project, runs a similar example of the Chrome browser and his open source Chromium project.VS Code is really built on top of open source solutions. However, the official build from Microsoft is customized with specific features, including the trademark, extension gallery, proprietary C # debugger, and telemetry. But when you clone and build the assembly yourself, you generate a cleaner version called Code-OSS (OSS stands for Open Source Software).

In practice, the differences between VS Code and Code-OSS are minimal.In particular, telemetry works in VS Code: that is, Microsoft collects data about product usage. In fairness, it should be noted that these days there are many products that collect such data.

If you like VS Code but want to consider “true” open source alternatives, then you should definitely read on.

VSCodium

The most obvious VS Code alternative is VS Code without Microsoft’s proprietary add-ons. The VSCodium project contains only free components built on top of the VS Code codebase.The VSCodium developers have done everything possible to enable us to disable telemetry. They have prepared a clean assembly of VS Code source code that you can download without building it yourself.

The developers remind that VS Code includes some proprietary tools that cannot be shipped with open source. If you need them, there are documented solutions to these problems. But if you want a very specific feature from Microsoft’s VS Code build, you have to make sure it works in VSCodium.

Also, check that all telemetry is disabled.

Code-OSS

If you don’t want to use the VSCodium build, you can compile VS Code yourself from source and end up with the same thing. The executable is named Code-OSS, not VSCode. The licensing terms and troubleshooting methods for using proprietary features are the same as for VSCodium.

At the first start, you need to check that telemetry is disabled.

Atom

Atom is an open source IDE-like text editor that Microsoft acquired with GitHub.Like VS Code, you can extend the Atom editor with plugins, add themes, and build your own combination of additional tools. It is a cross-platform product that has built-in GitHub integration. In short, Atom is ideal if the extensions you need already exist or are ready to write them.

Like VS Code, Atom uses telemetry by default. It can be turned off, and unlike VS Code, there are no restrictions on extensions, so you don’t need to change your workflow due to privacy concerns.Atom is definitely a useful tool for developers. What’s more: it is, in principle, suitable for anyone who uses a computer. If you’re looking for a good general-purpose text editor, you can try Atom.

GNOME Builder

GNOME Builder is a Linux code editor specifically designed for building GNOME-based applications. If you are building Linux applications and want easy compatibility, then Builder is the best option. GNOME Builder is available on Flathub.org. On first launch, it will prompt you to install the GNOME SDK if you haven’t.

However, you can use Builder for more than just developing GNOME applications. It supports dozens of programming languages ​​including Python, Rust, C and C ++, Java, Go, JavaScript, TypeScript, VB.NET, multiple markup languages, Markdown and many more. Some of them have full support with autocomplete and snippets, while others have minimal amenities like syntax highlighting and automatic parenthesis matching.The IDE is a pleasure to work with, whether you consider yourself a serious programmer or just want to play around with HTML and CSS.

Geany

Geany is a powerful, reliable and lightweight editor with useful features to help you write good code in Bash, Python, Lua, XML, HTML, LaTeX, and more. It supports 50 different programming and scripting languages, as well as markup languages ​​and files (such as .diff and .po). Geany provides at least parenthesis matching and syntax highlighting, and usually offers much more.

With plugins you can add features like project explorer, explorer, debug, terminal and so on. You can keep expanding its functionality and at some point it will turn into a real IDE. If you are unable to run VS Code on your computer due to CPU or RAM limitations, Geany can be a good alternative. It starts up quickly and consumes little memory. Although Geany is slower than Vim in the terminal, it does not slow down even on the Raspberry Pi.

Brackets

Brackets is a text editor and IDE for web developers. It has powerful support for HTML, CSS, JavaScript, PHP, and even Python. Brackets has a rich ecosystem of extensions, so with the right plugins it will allow you to write in almost any modern language.

There are extensions to help you parse, run scripts, and even compile and execute code right in the editor window. Brackets has a traditional interface that almost anyone outside of the notebook can understand.If you take the time to add the appropriate extensions and become familiar with them, Brackets can help you avoid silly typing mistakes with autocomplete and linter. And if you write code, it will speed up the testing and debugging process.

Che

If you like being ahead of the rest, Che is worth a try. It is a cloud-based IDE and runs on a SaaS model. However, this is a full-fledged open source project. If you have an instance of Kubernetes, you can completely transfer it to yourself.

Che is not just an IDE that lives in the cloud. It is an IDE built for cloud development. It doesn’t try to store anything on your local filesystem. If you have a Git server, you can treat it like a filesystem and work on a project directly from its repository. Of course, you can also download whatever project you’re working on if you want to have a local backup.

But its main feature that cloud developers admire is that Che is a full-featured open source development environment focused on Kubernetes.If you are building applications, sites, or containers (or a combination of these) for the cloud, then you should try Che.

What do you use?

Are you using one of these VS Code alternatives? Or maybe while you are still thinking about trying one of them? Share your experience in the comments?

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