What are the primary uses of chlorpheniramine. How does chlorpheniramine work in the body. What are the common side effects of chlorpheniramine. How should chlorpheniramine be taken for maximum effectiveness. What precautions should be considered when using chlorpheniramine.

Understanding Chlorpheniramine: An Antihistamine for Allergy Relief

Chlorpheniramine is a widely used antihistamine medication that plays a crucial role in managing various allergic conditions. This powerful drug is designed to alleviate symptoms associated with allergies, hay fever, and the common cold, providing much-needed relief to those who suffer from these conditions.

The primary function of chlorpheniramine is to block the action of histamine, a natural substance produced by the body during an allergic reaction. By doing so, it effectively reduces symptoms such as:

• Rashes
• Watery eyes
• Itchy eyes, nose, throat, and skin
• Coughing
• Runny nose
• Sneezing

Additionally, chlorpheniramine works to inhibit another natural substance called acetylcholine. This action helps to dry up various body fluids, further alleviating symptoms like watery eyes and runny nose.

The Mechanism of Action: How Chlorpheniramine Works in Your Body

To fully appreciate the effectiveness of chlorpheniramine, it’s essential to understand its mechanism of action within the body. When an allergen enters the system, the immune response triggers the release of histamine, which leads to the typical allergy symptoms we experience.

Chlorpheniramine acts as an antagonist to histamine receptors, particularly the H1 receptors. By binding to these receptors, it prevents histamine from attaching and activating them, thus reducing the allergic response. This process is crucial in minimizing the uncomfortable symptoms associated with allergies.

Furthermore, the antihistamine’s anticholinergic properties contribute to its effectiveness in drying up excessive secretions. This dual action makes chlorpheniramine a versatile and potent solution for managing various allergy-related issues.

Proper Usage and Dosage Guidelines for Chlorpheniramine

Administering chlorpheniramine correctly is vital for achieving optimal results while minimizing the risk of side effects. The medication is available in various forms, including tablets, capsules, and liquid formulations. Each form has specific instructions for use:

Tablet and Capsule Form:

• Can be taken with or without food
• If stomach upset occurs, taking it with food or milk may help
• Extended-release capsules should be swallowed whole, not crushed or chewed

Liquid Form:

• Use a proper medication measuring device for accurate dosing
• Shake well if it’s a suspension

Dosage is typically based on factors such as age, medical condition, and response to the therapy. It’s crucial not to exceed the recommended dose without consulting a healthcare professional.

When should you take chlorpheniramine for the best results? For maximum effectiveness, it’s recommended to take the medication at regular intervals, preferably at the same time each day. This consistency helps maintain a steady level of the drug in your system, providing continuous relief from allergy symptoms.

Potential Side Effects and How to Manage Them

While chlorpheniramine is generally well-tolerated, like all medications, it can cause side effects in some individuals. Being aware of these potential effects can help users manage their expectations and seek appropriate medical advice when necessary.

Common side effects of chlorpheniramine include:

• Drowsiness
• Dizziness
• Constipation
• Stomach upset
• Blurred vision
• Dry mouth, nose, or throat

Most of these side effects are mild and often subside as the body adjusts to the medication. However, if they persist or worsen, it’s important to consult a healthcare provider.

How can you manage the dry mouth often associated with chlorpheniramine use? There are several strategies to alleviate this common side effect:

• Sucking on sugar-free hard candy or ice chips
• Chewing sugar-free gum
• Drinking water regularly
• Using a saliva substitute

While rare, more serious side effects can occur. These may include mental or mood changes, difficulty urinating, or irregular heartbeat. If you experience any of these symptoms, it’s crucial to seek immediate medical attention.

Special Considerations for Children and Older Adults

The use of chlorpheniramine in certain populations, particularly children and older adults, requires special attention and care. Understanding these considerations is crucial for safe and effective use of the medication.

Children:

Cough and cold products containing chlorpheniramine have not been proven safe or effective in children under 6 years of age. For children between 6 and 12 years, certain formulations (such as long-acting tablets or capsules) may not be recommended. It’s essential to consult a pediatrician before administering chlorpheniramine to children in these age groups.

Why is caution necessary when giving chlorpheniramine to children? The developing bodies of children may react differently to medications, and there’s a risk of serious side effects. Additionally, these products do not cure or shorten the duration of the common cold, making their use in young children questionable.

Older Adults:

Elderly individuals may be more sensitive to the effects of chlorpheniramine, particularly its anticholinergic properties. This increased sensitivity can lead to a higher risk of side effects such as:

• Confusion
• Dizziness
• Drowsiness
• Urinary retention

For older adults, it’s often recommended to start with a lower dose and gradually increase if necessary, under the guidance of a healthcare provider.

Drug Interactions and Precautions

Understanding potential drug interactions and necessary precautions is crucial for the safe use of chlorpheniramine. This antihistamine can interact with various substances and may not be suitable for everyone.

What types of medications might interact with chlorpheniramine? Some common interactions include:

• Other antihistamines
• Antidepressants, particularly MAO inhibitors
• Sedatives and tranquilizers
• Alcohol

These interactions can intensify the sedative effects of chlorpheniramine or lead to other adverse reactions. It’s crucial to inform your healthcare provider about all medications, supplements, and herbal products you’re taking.

Certain medical conditions may also affect the use of chlorpheniramine. Individuals with the following conditions should use this medication with caution:

• Glaucoma
• Enlarged prostate
• Urinary retention
• Liver or kidney disease
• Respiratory conditions like asthma

Before starting chlorpheniramine, it’s essential to disclose your full medical history to your healthcare provider. This information helps in determining whether the medication is safe and appropriate for your specific situation.

Alternative Treatments and Lifestyle Modifications

While chlorpheniramine is an effective treatment for many allergy sufferers, it’s not the only option available. Understanding alternative treatments and lifestyle modifications can provide a more comprehensive approach to managing allergies and related symptoms.

Non-Pharmacological Approaches:

Several non-drug strategies can help mitigate allergy symptoms:

• Using a humidifier to moisten the air
• Implementing saline nasal sprays or rinses
• Maintaining proper hydration
• Avoiding known allergens when possible
• Using air purifiers with HEPA filters

These methods can be particularly beneficial for those who prefer to minimize medication use or for whom chlorpheniramine may not be suitable.

Other Medication Options:

For individuals who don’t respond well to chlorpheniramine or experience significant side effects, other antihistamines or allergy medications may be considered:

• Second-generation antihistamines (e.g., cetirizine, loratadine)
• Nasal corticosteroids
• Leukotriene modifiers
• Mast cell stabilizers

Each of these alternatives has its own set of benefits and potential side effects, and the choice should be made in consultation with a healthcare provider.

How can you determine which treatment option is best for your allergy symptoms? The ideal approach often involves a combination of strategies tailored to individual needs. Factors to consider include:

• The specific allergy symptoms experienced
• The severity and frequency of symptoms
• Any underlying health conditions
• Personal preferences regarding medication use

By working closely with a healthcare provider and experimenting with different approaches, most individuals can find an effective management plan for their allergy symptoms.

Long-Term Use and Potential Risks of Chlorpheniramine

While chlorpheniramine is generally safe for short-term use, long-term or chronic use of this antihistamine warrants careful consideration. Understanding the potential risks associated with prolonged use is crucial for making informed decisions about allergy management.

Tolerance and Dependence:

One concern with long-term use of chlorpheniramine is the potential development of tolerance. Over time, the body may become accustomed to the medication, potentially reducing its effectiveness. This can lead to a need for higher doses to achieve the same relief, which in turn increases the risk of side effects.

Is there a risk of becoming dependent on chlorpheniramine? While not typically considered habit-forming in the traditional sense, some individuals may develop a psychological dependence on the medication for symptom relief.

Cognitive Effects:

Long-term use of anticholinergic medications like chlorpheniramine has been associated with cognitive effects, particularly in older adults. These effects may include:

• Memory impairment
• Confusion
• Decreased cognitive function

Recent studies have suggested a potential link between long-term use of anticholinergic drugs and an increased risk of dementia, although more research is needed to fully understand this association.

Other Long-Term Considerations:

Prolonged use of chlorpheniramine may also lead to:

• Chronic dry mouth, which can increase the risk of dental problems
• Urinary retention issues, particularly in older men with prostate problems
• Constipation and gastrointestinal discomfort

Given these potential risks, how should individuals approach long-term allergy management? It’s crucial to work closely with a healthcare provider to develop a comprehensive treatment plan. This may involve:

• Periodic reevaluation of the need for continued antihistamine use
• Exploring alternative treatments or newer generation antihistamines
• Implementing strategies to minimize allergen exposure
• Considering immunotherapy for long-term allergy control

By taking a proactive and informed approach, individuals can effectively manage their allergy symptoms while minimizing potential long-term risks associated with chlorpheniramine use.

Chlorpheniramine Oral: Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures, Warnings & Dosing

Uses

Chlorpheniramine is an antihistamine used to relieve symptoms of allergy, hay fever, and the common cold. These symptoms include rash, watery eyes, itchy eyes/nose/throat/skin, cough, runny nose, and sneezing.This medication works by blocking a certain natural substance (histamine) that your body makes during an allergic reaction. By blocking another natural substance made by your body (acetylcholine), it helps dry up some body fluids to relieve symptoms such as watery eyes and runny nose.Cough-and-cold products have not been shown to be safe or effective in children younger than 6 years. Do not use this product to treat cold symptoms in children younger than 6 years unless specifically directed by the doctor. Some products (such as long-acting tablets/capsules) are not recommended for use in children younger than 12 years. Ask your doctor or pharmacist for more details about using your product safely. These products do not cure or shorten the length of the common cold and may cause serious side effects. To decrease the risk for serious side effects, carefully follow all dosage directions. Do not use this product to make a child sleepy. Do not give other cough-and-cold medication that might contain the same or similar ingredients (see also Drug Interactions section). Ask the doctor or pharmacist about other ways to relieve cough and cold symptoms (such as drinking enough fluids, using a humidifier or saline nose drops/spray).

How to use Chlorpheniramine Maleate

If you are taking the over-the-counter product, read all directions on the product package before taking this medication. If you have any questions, consult your pharmacist. If your doctor has prescribed this medication, take it as directed.

Take the tablet, capsule, or liquid form by mouth with or without food. Follow the directions for dosing on the label, or take as directed by your doctor. This medication may be taken with food or milk if stomach upset occurs.

If you are taking the extended-release capsules, swallow them whole. Do not crush or chew extended-release capsules or tablets. Doing so can release all of the drug at once, increasing the risk of side effects.

If you are using the liquid form, use a medication measuring device to carefully measure the prescribed dose. Do not use a household spoon. If your liquid form is a suspension, shake the bottle well before each dose.

Your dosage is based on your age, medical condition, and response to therapy. Do not increase your dose or take this medication more often than recommended by your doctor or the package instructions without your doctor’s approval. Take this medication regularly in order to get the most benefit from it. To help you remember, take it at the same time(s) each day.

If your condition lasts or gets worse, or if you think you may have a serious medical problem, get medical help right away.

Side Effects

Drowsiness, dizziness, constipation, stomach upset, blurred vision, or dry mouth/nose/throat may occur. If any of these effects last or get worse, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly.

To relieve dry mouth, suck (sugarless) hard candy or ice chips, chew (sugarless) gum, drink water, or use a saliva substitute.

If you are using a sustained-release product, an empty tablet shell may appear in your stool. This is harmless.

If your doctor has prescribed this medication, remember that your doctor has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects. Many people using this medication do not have serious side effects.

Tell your doctor right away if you have any serious side effects, including: mental/mood changes (such as restlessness, confusion), trouble urinating, fast/irregular heartbeat.

Get medical help right away if you have any very serious side effects, including: seizure.

A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare. However, get medical help right away if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction, including: rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing.

This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.

In the US – Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or at www.fda.gov/medwatch.

In Canada – Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345.

Precautions

Before taking chlorpheniramine, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic to it; or to dexchlorpheniramine; or if you have any other allergies. This product may contain inactive ingredients, which can cause allergic reactions or other problems. Talk to your pharmacist for more details.

Before using this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist your medical history, especially of: breathing problems (such as asthma, emphysema), glaucoma, heart problems, high blood pressure, liver disease, seizures, stomach/intestinal problems (such as ulcers, blockage), overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism), trouble urinating (such as due to enlarged prostate).

This drug may make you dizzy or drowsy or blur your vision. Alcohol or marijuana (cannabis) can make you more dizzy or drowsy. Do not drive, use machinery, or do anything that needs alertness or clear vision until you can do it safely. Limit alcoholic beverages. Talk to your doctor if you are using marijuana (cannabis).

To minimize dizziness and lightheadedness, get up slowly when rising from a sitting or lying position.

Liquid products may contain aspartame, sugar and/or alcohol. Caution is advised if you have diabetes, alcohol dependence, liver disease, phenylketonuria (PKU), or any other condition that requires you to limit/avoid these substances in your diet. Ask your doctor or pharmacist about using this product safely.

Before having surgery, tell your doctor or dentist about all the products you use (including prescription drugs, nonprescription drugs, and herbal products).

Older adults may be more sensitive to the side effects of this drug, especially drowsiness, dizziness, confusion, constipation, or trouble urinating. Drowsiness, dizziness, and confusion can increase the risk of falling.

Children may be more sensitive to the side effects of this drug. This drug can often cause excitement in young children instead of drowsiness.

During pregnancy, this medication should be used only when clearly needed. Discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor.

Based on information from related drugs, this medication may pass into breast milk. Consult your doctor before breast-feeding.

Interactions

Drug interactions may change how your medications work or increase your risk for serious side effects. This document does not contain all possible drug interactions. Keep a list of all the products you use (including prescription/nonprescription drugs and herbal products) and share it with your doctor and pharmacist. Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicines without your doctor’s approval.

Some products that may interact with this drug are: antihistamines applied to the skin (such as diphenhydramine cream, ointment, spray).

Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking other products that cause drowsiness such as opioid pain or cough relievers (such as codeine, hydrocodone), alcohol, marijuana (cannabis), drugs for sleep or anxiety (such as alprazolam, lorazepam, zolpidem), muscle relaxants (such as carisoprodol, cyclobenzaprine), or other antihistamines (such as cetirizine, diphenhydramine).

Check the labels on all your medicines (such as allergy or cough-and-cold products) because they may contain ingredients that cause drowsiness. Ask your pharmacist about using those products safely.

Chlorpheniramine is very similar to dexchlorpheniramine. Do not use medications containing dexchlorpheniramine while using chlorpheniramine.

This medication may interfere with certain lab tests (such as allergy skin testing), possibly causing false test results. Make sure lab personnel and all your doctors know you use this drug.

Does Chlorpheniramine Maleate interact with other drugs you are taking?

Enter your medication into the WebMD interaction checker

Overdose

If someone has overdosed and has serious symptoms such as passing out or trouble breathing, call 911. Otherwise, call a poison control center right away. US residents can call their local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222. Canada residents can call a provincial poison control center. Symptoms of overdose may include: large pupils, flushing, fever, hallucinations, weakness, shaking (tremor), muscle twitching, loss of consciousness, seizures. In children, excitement may occur first, and may be followed by loss of coordination, drowsiness, loss of consciousness, seizures.

If your doctor has prescribed this medication, do not share it with others.

Keep all medical and lab appointments.

If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is near the time of your next dose, skip the missed dose. Take your next dose at the regular time. Do not double the dose to catch up.

Store at room temperature away from moisture and light. Do not store in the bathroom. Do not freeze liquid forms of this medication. Keep all medications away from children and pets.

Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. Properly discard this product when it is expired or no longer needed. Consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal company.

Images

chlorpheniramine 4 mg tablet

Color: yellowShape: roundImprint: CPC 997

This medicine is a yellow, round, scored, film-coated, tablet imprinted with “CPC 997”.

chlorpheniramine 4 mg tablet

Color: yellowShape: roundImprint: AP 016

This medicine is a yellow, round, scored, film-coated, tablet imprinted with “CPC 997”.

chlorpheniramine ER 12 mg tablet,extended release

Color: orangeShape: roundImprint: ALLERGY 12

This medicine is a yellow, round, scored, film-coated, tablet imprinted with “CPC 997”.

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Selected from data included with permission and copyrighted by First Databank, Inc. This copyrighted material has been downloaded from a licensed data provider and is not for distribution, except as may be authorized by the applicable terms of use.

CONDITIONS OF USE: The information in this database is intended to supplement, not substitute for, the expertise and judgment of healthcare professionals. The information is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, drug interactions or adverse effects, nor should it be construed to indicate that use of a particular drug is safe, appropriate or effective for you or anyone else. A healthcare professional should be consulted before taking any drug, changing any diet or commencing or discontinuing any course of treatment.

Chlorphenamine: drowsy (sedating) antihistamine – NHS

1. About chlorphenamine

Chlorphenamine is an antihistamine medicine that relieves the symptoms of allergies.

It’s known as a drowsy (sedating) antihistamine. This means that it is likely to make you feel more sleepy than some other antihistamines.

It’s used for:

• hay fever
• red, itchy eyes (conjunctivitis)
• eczema
• hives (urticaria) caused by food allergies and chickenpox
• insect bites and stings

Chlorphenamine is available on prescription, and to buy from pharmacies.

It comes as tablets or as a liquid that you swallow.

Chlorphenamine is sometimes mixed with other medicines like ephedrine or pseudoephedrine to treat coughs and colds.

When chlorphenamine is mixed with other medicines, it can be called Galpseud Plus Linctus and Haymine.

2. Key facts

• Chlorphenamine usually takes 30 minutes to 1 hour to work.
• Common side effects include feeling sick (nausea), sleepy or dizzy. You may also have difficulty concentrating, a dry mouth, headaches or blurred vision.
• Wait a minimum of 4 hours between taking doses.
• Do not drink alcohol while you’re taking chlorphenamine. Alcohol may make you feel sick or more sleepy.
• If you’ve bought chlorphenamine from a pharmacy without a prescription, do not take it for longer than 2 weeks. If you are still having symptoms, speak to your doctor.

3. Who can and cannot take chlorphenamine

Chlorphenamine can be taken by most adults.

Children and chlorphenamine

You can buy cough, cold and other medicines that contain chlorphenamine from pharmacies. This type of chlorphenamine should not be given to children under the age of 6.

Children under 6 should only be given chlorphenamine that has been prescribed by their doctor.

Who may not be able to take chlorphenamine

Chlorphenamine is not suitable for some people. To make sure it’s safe for you, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you:

• have ever had an allergy to chlorphenamine or any other medicine
• have an eye problem called primary angle closure glaucoma
• have problems peeing or emptying your bladder
• have epilepsy or another health problem that puts you at risk of fits or seizures
• are due to have an allergy test – taking chlorphenamine may affect the results, so you might need to stop taking it a few days before the test. Ask a pharmacist or your doctor for advice
• are unable to have any alcohol – some liquid chlorphenamine products contain a very small amount of alcohol. Check the ingredients and the packaging carefully
• are a frail, older adult – you may experience more side effects, such as confusion

4. How and when to take chlorphenamine

If you or your child has been prescribed chlorphenamine, follow your doctor’s instructions about how and when to take it.

If you have bought chlorphenamine or any medicine containing chlorphenamine from a pharmacy, follow the instructions that come with the packet, or ask your pharmacist for advice.

If you or your child’s symptoms do not get better within a few days, talk to a doctor.

Dosage and strength

Chlorphenamine comes as 4mg tablets and the liquid comes as 2mg in 5ml.

If you’re taking liquid chlorphenamine, follow the instructions that come with the medicine for how much to take.

The usual dose is:

• adults and children aged 12 years and older – 1 tablet every 4 to 6 hours. Do not take more than 6 tablets in 24 hours
• children aged under 12 years – doses are lower for children and babies, and they may take it less often than an adult. Your doctor will use your child’s age to work out the right dose. Children should only take chlorphenamine that has been prescribed by a doctor. Do not give children under 6 years cough or cold medicines that contain chlorphenamine
• older adults who are frail – 1 tablet every 6 to 8 hours. Do not take more than 3 tablets in 24 hours. Speak to your doctor or pharmacist before taking it as you’re more likely to get side effects

When used for coughs and colds, chlorphenamine is mixed with other medicines in a liquid that you swallow. Follow the instructions on the bottle or packaging for how much to take.

How to take chlorphenamine

You can take chlorphenamine with or without food.

Swallow chlorphenamine tablets with a drink of water, milk or juice. The 4mg tablets can be broken in half for children and people taking lower doses.

Chlorphenamine liquid may be easier for children to take than tablets. The medicine will come with a plastic syringe or spoon to help you measure out the right dose.

If you do not have a syringe or spoon, ask your pharmacist for one. Do not use a kitchen teaspoon because it will not measure the right amount.

When to take it

Only take chlorphenamine when you need to.

For allergies, you may only need to take chlorphenamine on the days you feel you need to. For example, coming into contact with something like animal hair may have triggered your symptoms.

For hay fever, you may need to take it regularly to prevent symptoms during spring and summer.

If you forget to take it

Take your forgotten dose as soon as you remember, unless it’s nearly time for your next dose.

Do not take 2 doses at the same time, or take an extra dose to make up for a forgotten one.

If you forget doses often, it may help to set an alarm to remind you. You could also ask your pharmacist for advice on other ways to help you remember to take your medicine.

If you take too much

If you have taken more than the recommended dose of chlorphenamine, you may:

• feel very sleepy
• feel nervous or restless
• feel or be sick (nausea or vomiting)
• get blurred vision
• get a very fast, uneven or pounding heartbeat (palpitations)

In serious cases, you can have a fit or seizure, or become unconscious, and may need emergency treatment in hospital.

Urgent advice: Contact 111 for advice now if:

• you take more than the recommended dose of chlorphenamine

Go to 111.nhs.uk or call 111

Call 111 if you’re asking about a child under the age of 5 years.

If you need to go to A&E, do not drive yourself. Get someone else to drive you or call for an ambulance.

Take the chlorphenamine packet or leaflet inside it, plus any remaining medicine, with you.

5. Side effects

Like all medicines, chlorphenamine can cause side effects, although not everyone gets them.

Common side effects

Common side effects of chlorphenamine happen in more than 1 in 100 people.

Talk to your doctor or pharmacist if these side effects bother you or do not go away:

• feeling sleepy during the daytime
• feeling sick (nausea)
• feeling dizzy or difficulty concentrating
• dry mouth
• headaches
• blurred vision

Children and people aged over 65 have more chance of getting some side effects, such as feeling restless, excited or confused.

Serious side effects

Tell your doctor straight away if:

• the whites of your eyes turn yellow, or your skin turns yellow although this may be less obvious on brown or black skin – these can be signs of liver problems
• you are bruising or bleeding more than normal

Serious allergic reaction

In rare cases, it’s possible to have a serious allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) to chlorphenamine.

Immediate action required: Call 999 now if:

• your lips, mouth, throat or tongue suddenly become swollen
• you’re breathing very fast or struggling to breathe (you may become very wheezy or feel like you’re choking or gasping for air)
• your throat feels tight or you’re struggling to swallow
• your skin, tongue or lips turn blue, grey or pale (if you have black or brown skin, this may be easier to see on the palms of your hands or soles of your feet)
• you suddenly become very confused, drowsy or dizzy
• someone faints and cannot be woken up
• a child is limp, floppy or not responding like they normally do (their head may fall to the side, backwards or forwards, or they may find it difficult to lift their head or focus on your face)

You or the person who’s unwell may also have a rash that’s swollen, raised, itchy, blistered or peeling.

These can be signs of a serious allergic reaction and may need immediate treatment in hospital.

These are not all the side effects of chlorphenamine. For a full list, see the leaflet inside your medicine packet.

Information:

You can report any suspected side effect using the Yellow Card safety scheme.

Visit Yellow Card for further information.

6. How to cope with side effects of chlorphenamine

What to do about:

• feeling sleepy during the daytime – drowsiness usually wears off 4 to 6 hours after a dose. Do not drive, ride a bike or use tools or machinery if you’re feeling this way.
• feeling sick (nausea) – it may help if you do not eat rich or spicy food while you’re taking chlorphenamine.
• feeling dizzy or difficulty concentrating – stop what you’re doing and sit or lie down until you feel better. If the feeling does not go away or is troubling you, do not take any more medicine and speak to a pharmacist or your doctor.
• dry mouth – chew sugar-free gum or suck sugar-free sweets.
• headaches – make sure you rest and drink plenty of fluids. Ask your pharmacist to recommend a painkiller. Talk to your doctor if the headaches last longer than a week or are severe.
• blurred vision – do not drive, ride a bike or use tools or machinery while this is happening. This should only be a mild problem in most people who are affected but if it bothers you, speak to your pharmacist or doctor as they may need to change your treatment.

7. Pregnancy and breastfeeding

Chlorphenamine and pregnancy

Chlorphenamine can be used in pregnancy. There is no good evidence that it is harmful to your baby, but it can have side effects such as feeling drowsy.

Your doctor or pharmacist may recommend a non-drowsy antihistamine (loratadine) before chlorphenamine.

Chlorphenamine and breastfeeding

If your doctor or health visitor says your baby is healthy, you can use chlorphenamine during breastfeeding. This is a drowsy antihistamine, so it is better to take occasional doses or only for a short time.

It is not known how much chlorphenamine gets into breast milk, but it has been used for many years without causing babies to have side effects. However, chlorphenamine can cause drowsy symptoms, so may also make your baby sleepy too.

If you’re breastfeeding or planning to breastfeed, talk to your doctor or pharmacist as other medicines might be better while breastfeeding.

If your baby is not feeding as well as usual, seems unusually sleepy, or seems irritable, or if you have any other concerns about your baby, talk to your doctor, pharmacist, health visitor or midwife.

Non-urgent advice: Tell your doctor if you’re:

• trying to get pregnant
• pregnant
• breastfeeding

Find out more about how chlorphenamine can affect you and your baby during pregnancy on the Best Use of Medicines in Pregnancy (BUMPS) website.

8. Cautions with other medicines

Some medicines and chlorphenamine affect each other and increase the chances of you having side effects.

Check with your pharmacist or doctor if you’re taking:

• a type of antidepressant called a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, such as phenelzine
• phenytoin (an anti-epilepsy medicine)
• any medicine that makes you drowsy, gives you a dry mouth, or makes it difficult for you to pee – taking chlorphenamine might make these side effects worse

Mixing chlorphenamine with herbal remedies and supplements

There might be a problem taking some herbal remedies and supplements alongside chlorphenamine, especially ones that cause side effects such as sleepiness, a dry mouth or making it difficult to pee.

Important:
Medicine safety

Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you’re taking any other medicines, including herbal medicines, vitamins or supplements.

9. Common questions about chlorphenamine

How does chlorphenamine work?

Chlorphenamine is an antihistamine medicine. It’s classed as a drowsy (sedating) antihistamine.

When you come into contact with something you’re allergic to, such as pollen, animal hair or fur, house dust or insect bites and stings, your body produces a chemical called histamine.

Usually, histamine is a useful substance, but in an allergic reaction it causes symptoms including itchy, watery eyes, a running or blocked nose, sneezing and skin rashes.

Chlorphenamine blocks the effects of histamine and reduces these symptoms.

How long does it take to work?

You should start to feel better within 30 minutes to an hour.

How long can I take it for?

That depends on why you’re taking it. You may only need to take chlorphenamine for a short time or as a one-off dose. Do not take chlorphenamine for longer than 2 weeks without speaking to a doctor. Speak to your doctor if your symptoms are not improving.

If you’re taking it for a cough or cold and your symptoms last for more than 2 weeks, speak to your doctor. Do not take it for longer than that without checking.

If you have a reaction to an insect bite or a medicine, you may only need to take chlorphenamine for a day or 2.

You may need to take it for longer if you’re taking it to prevent symptoms from hay fever when the pollen count is high.

Talk to your doctor or pharmacist if you’re unsure how long you need to take chlorphenamine for.

Is it safe to take chlorphenamine for a long time?

Chlorphenamine is unlikely to do you any harm but it’s best to only take it when you need it. Do not take for longer than 2 weeks without speaking to your doctor.

Is it possible to be addicted to chlorphenamine?

No, chlorphenamine is not known to be addictive.

What’s the difference between chlorphenamine and other antihistamines?

Chlorphenamine is known as a drowsy antihistamine because it can make you feel sleepy.

Non-drowsy antihistamines are less likely to have this effect. These include cetirizine, fexofenadine and loratadine.

Most people prefer to take a non-drowsy antihistamine as it’s less likely to interfere with their everyday routine.

You might choose to take a drowsy antihistamine if you have a symptom that’s keeping you awake, such as itchy skin.

There is not enough information to say whether one antihistamine is better than another for treating allergies.

Sometimes you need to try a few before you find one that works best for you.

Can you take more than 1 antihistamine at a time?

If you have a very itchy rash, your doctor may advise that you take 2 different antihistamines for a few days.

As well as taking a non-drowsy antihistamine during the day (such as fexofenadine, cetirizine or loratadine), your doctor may recommend a drowsy antihistamine at night time if itching is making it difficult for you to fall sleep.

Do not take another drowsy antihistamine together with chlorphenamine. It’ll make you very tired and sleepy.

Other drowsy antihistamines include diphenhydramine (Nytol), hydroxyzine (Atarax or Ucerax) and promethazine (Phenergan).

Important

Do not take 2 antihistamines together unless you have been told to by your doctor.

Can I take chlorphenamine with painkillers?

Yes, you can take chlorphenamine together with painkillers like paracetamol or ibuprofen that you buy from the pharmacy or supermarket.

But if you take chlorphenamine with painkillers that contain codeine (such as co-codamol) or other prescription painkillers, you may feel very tired and sleepy.

Do not drive, ride a bike or operate machinery or tools if this happens to you.

Will it help me sleep?

Doctors sometimes recommend taking drowsy antihistamines, like chlorphenamine, for a short time to help you sleep if your allergy symptoms keep you awake at night.

But do not take it just for sleep problems without talking to you doctor first, as there may be something better you can take.

If you’re having difficulty sleeping (insomnia), there are a number of things you can try to help yourself get a good night’s sleep:

• set regular times for going to bed and waking up
• relax before bedtime – try taking a warm bath or listening to calming music
• use thick curtains or blinds, an eye mask and earplugs to stop you being woken up by light and noise
• avoid caffeine, cigarettes or vapes, alcohol, heavy meals and exercise for a few hours before bed time
• do not watch TV or use phones, tablets or computers before going to bed
• do not nap during the day
• make a list of your worries and any ideas for how to solve them before you go to bed – this can help you forget about them until the morning

If this does not work, speak to your doctor.

Can I drink alcohol with it?

It’s best not to drink alcohol while you’re taking chlorphenamine, as it can make you feel very sleepy.

Is there any food or drink I need to avoid?

You can eat and drink normally while taking chlorphenamine.

Will it affect my fertility?

There’s no clear evidence to suggest that taking chlorphenamine reduces fertility in either men or women.

But speak to a pharmacist or your doctor before taking it if you’re trying to get pregnant.

Will it affect my contraception?

Chlorphenamine does not affect any type of contraception, including the combined pill and emergency contraception.

Can I drive or ride a bike with it?

Do not drive a car or ride a bike if chlorphenamine makes you sleepy during the daytime, gives you blurred vision or makes you feel dizzy, clumsy or unable to concentrate or make decisions.

This may be more likely when you first start taking chlorphenamine, but could happen at any time, for example when starting another medicine.

It’s an offence to drive a car if your ability to drive safely is affected. It’s your responsibility to decide if it’s safe to drive. If you’re in any doubt, do not drive.

GOV.UK has more information on the law on drugs and driving.

Talk to your doctor or pharmacist if you’re unsure whether it’s safe for you to drive while taking chlorphenamine.

Can lifestyle changes help with hay fever and other allergies?

If you have hay fever, it’ll help if you do not spend too much time outside when the pollen count is high.

Tips for when you’re outside

• Do not cut grass or walk on grass.
• Wear wraparound sunglasses to stop pollen getting into your eyes.
• Put Vaseline around your nostrils to help trap pollen.
• Shower and change your clothes after you have been outside to wash off pollen.

Tips for when you’re inside

• Keep windows and doors shut as much as possible.
• Vacuum regularly and dust with a damp cloth.
• Do not keep fresh flowers in the house.
• Do not smoke or be around smoke as it makes hay fever symptoms worse.

The best way to prevent any sort of allergic reaction is to avoid the substance that you’re allergic to, if you can.

There are some practical steps you can follow to help you prevent allergies.

Description CHLORPHENAMINE indications, dosages, contraindications of the active substance CHLORPHENAMINE

Chlorphenamine (Chlorphenamine): description, prescription, instructions

Chlorphenamine

Analogues (generics, synonyms)

Theraflu, Coldact Flu Plus, Trigan-D, Tamipul, AntiFlu, Coldrex Hotrem, Fervex,

Antiflu Kids, Gripgo, Coldrex, Milistan, Antigrippin, Grippostad S, Coldflu, Combispasm, Novalgin, Panadol Extra, Saridon, Flukold, Grippostad, Coldr ex, Maxgripp, Kombigripp, Unispaz, Antiflu, Solpadein, Pharmacitron, Chlorphenamine

Active ingredient

Chlorphenamine (Chlorphenaminum)

Pharmacological group

org/DrugClass”>
Active substances, h2-antihistamines

Recipe

International:

Rp.: Chlorphenamini 4 mg
D.t.d. No. 10 in tab.
S. Inside, 1 tablet 4 times a day, regardless of food intake

Rp. No. 5 in pulv.
S. Inside, 1 sachet 3 times a day, regardless of food intake

Russia:

OTC

Pharmacological action

Antihistamine, antiallergic, sedative.

Pharmacodynamics

Chlorphenamine is an h2-histamine receptor blocker. Interfering with the action of the main mediator of inflammation – histamine, reduces capillary permeability, reduces swelling, vasodilation, slightly suppresses the cough center and prevents bronchospasm. It has anti-allergic, anti-edematous and antipruritic action. These effects can reduce rhinorrhea, sneezing, nasal congestion and restore breathing. The onset of action is noted 20-25 minutes after ingestion, and lasts up to 4. 5 hours.

It is not used as an independent preparation, but as an active substance it is included in the composition of combined anti-cold preparations. For example, Flucoldex has a pronounced antipyretic and analgesic effect, which provides paracetamol, chlorphenamine, which is part of the composition, as an antihistamine, reduces vascular permeability and eliminates edema and hyperemia of the mucous membranes. A combination of phenylephrine and chlorphenamine (preparations with the trade name Coldact Flu Plus, Orinol Plus, Flustop, Rinza, Rinicold, TeraFlu Extratab and others) can be added to paracetamol.

Phenylephrine is considered a safe oral decongestant. Affects adrenoreceptors of the respiratory mucosa and causes narrowing of arterioles. Thus, it eliminates mucosal edema, runny nose, nasal congestion, lacrimation, and normalizes breathing through the nose. Such a selection of active substances and a rational combination help to alleviate the symptoms of flu and colds. However, it should be remembered that it is this combination of substances that has a pronounced sedative effect and causes drowsiness.

Pharmacokinetics

After oral administration, chlorphenamine is relatively slowly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Cmax is reached in 2.5-6 hours. Bioavailability is low – 25-50%. It undergoes the effect of “first pass” through the liver. Plasma protein binding is about 70%. Chlorphenamine is widely distributed in the organs and tissues of the body, penetrates into the central nervous system.

Intensively metabolized in the liver to form desmethyl- and didesmethylchlorphenamine. The unchanged drug and its metabolites are excreted primarily in the urine. Excretion depends on urine pH and urine flow rate. In feces, only trace amounts of chlorphenamine are determined.

Chlorphenamine is characterized by significant interindividual variability in pharmacokinetic parameters: T1 / 2 varies from 2 to 43 hours.

In children, faster absorption of chlorphenamine, higher clearance and shorter T1 / 2 is observed.

How to use

Adult:

The adult dose is 4 mg 4 times a day.
Children under 5 years – half or a quarter of a tablet 2 times a day, children under one year – one quarter of a tablet twice a day with an equal interval of time between doses.

Readings

– as part of combined preparations for allergic rhinitis, rhinosinusopathy, vasomotor rhinitis, hay fever;
– for infectious diseases and SARS, accompanied by rhinitis, rhinorrhea, sinusitis, rhinopharyngitis.

Contraindications

– hypersensitivity to chlorphenamine.

Special instructions

Influence on the ability to drive vehicles and mechanisms

During the period of treatment, patients should avoid driving vehicles and other activities that require a high concentration of attention and speed of psychomotor reactions.

Side effects

From the side of the central nervous system: sedation (may disappear after a few days of treatment), weakness, drowsiness, impaired coordination of movements; when used in high doses and in children, paradoxical reactions are possible due to a stimulating effect on the central nervous system.

On the part of the hematopoietic system: in isolated cases – agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, pancytopenia, aplastic anemia.

Other: in isolated cases – exfoliative dermatitis; possible manifestations of anticholinergic action (dry mouth, decreased secretion of the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract), double vision, difficulty urinating, constipation.

Overdose

No data

Drug interactions

Chlorphenamine can disrupt the metabolism of phenytoin in the liver, which leads to an increase in its concentration in blood plasma.

When used simultaneously with drugs with anticholinergic activity, the risk of developing anticholinergic effects increases.