What are the main symptoms of cutaneous candidiasis. How is candidiasis of the skin diagnosed. What lifestyle changes can help prevent and treat candidiasis infections. What medical treatments are available for candidiasis of the skin.

Understanding Cutaneous Candidiasis: A Common Fungal Skin Infection

Cutaneous candidiasis, also known as candidiasis of the skin or moniliasis, is a fungal infection caused by an overgrowth of Candida yeast on the skin. While small amounts of Candida naturally reside on our skin without causing harm, certain conditions can lead to excessive growth, resulting in an infection.

This condition typically manifests as a red, itchy rash, often developing in skin folds where moisture tends to accumulate. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for cutaneous candidiasis is crucial for effective management and prevention of this common skin ailment.

Identifying the Symptoms of Cutaneous Candidiasis

Recognizing the symptoms of cutaneous candidiasis is the first step towards proper diagnosis and treatment. The primary indicator of this fungal infection is a distinctive rash, which may present with the following characteristics:

• Redness and inflammation
• Intense itching
• Cracked or sore skin in severe cases
• Possible formation of blisters or pustules
• Scaling or flaking of the affected skin

Where does cutaneous candidiasis typically develop? The infection commonly occurs in areas where skin folds create warm, moist environments, such as:

• Armpits
• Groin area
• Between fingers or toes
• Under breasts
• In the creases of the neck

Additionally, Candida can affect nails, causing infections around the edges and corners of the nails. In infants, diaper rash is a common manifestation of cutaneous candidiasis due to the warm, moist environment created by diapers.

Common Causes and Risk Factors for Cutaneous Candidiasis

Understanding the factors that contribute to the development of cutaneous candidiasis can help in prevention and management of the condition. Several elements can create an environment conducive to Candida overgrowth:

• Warm, humid weather
• Tight-fitting clothing that traps moisture
• Poor hygiene practices
• Infrequent changing of undergarments
• Obesity, which can create additional skin folds
• Use of broad-spectrum antibiotics that disrupt the skin’s natural bacterial balance
• Corticosteroid use or other medications affecting immune function
• Weakened immune system due to conditions like diabetes or pregnancy
• Inadequate drying of damp skin

Is cutaneous candidiasis contagious? Generally, this condition is not considered highly contagious. However, individuals with compromised immune systems may be at risk of developing the infection after direct contact with affected skin.

Diagnosing Cutaneous Candidiasis: What to Expect

Proper diagnosis of cutaneous candidiasis is essential for effective treatment. How do healthcare providers diagnose this condition?

1. Physical Examination: In most cases, a doctor can diagnose cutaneous candidiasis through a thorough physical examination. They will inspect the affected areas, noting the appearance and location of the rash.
2. Skin Culture: To confirm the diagnosis, a skin culture may be performed. This involves gently rubbing a cotton swab over the affected area to collect a skin sample, which is then sent to a laboratory for analysis.
3. Differential Diagnosis: Your healthcare provider will also consider other conditions that may present similar symptoms, such as ringworm, hives, or eczema, to ensure an accurate diagnosis.

What should you prepare for a diagnostic appointment? It’s helpful to keep a record of your symptoms, including when they started and any factors that seem to worsen or alleviate them. This information can assist your healthcare provider in making an accurate diagnosis.

Effective Treatment Strategies for Cutaneous Candidiasis

Once diagnosed, cutaneous candidiasis can be effectively managed through a combination of medical treatments and lifestyle modifications. What are the primary treatment options available?

Medical Treatments

• Topical Antifungal Medications: Over-the-counter or prescription antifungal creams, ointments, or powders are often the first line of treatment. These may contain active ingredients such as clotrimazole, miconazole, or terbinafine.
• Oral Antifungal Medications: In severe or persistent cases, oral antifungal drugs like fluconazole may be prescribed.
• Combination Therapy: Sometimes, a combination of topical antifungals and low-potency corticosteroids may be used to address both the infection and inflammation.

Lifestyle Modifications and Home Remedies

• Improve Hygiene: Regular washing and thorough drying of affected areas can help prevent moisture accumulation.
• Wear Breathable Clothing: Choose loose-fitting, breathable fabrics to reduce sweat and moisture trapped against the skin.
• Change Damp Clothing Promptly: Quickly remove wet swimsuits or sweaty workout clothes to minimize prolonged skin moisture.
• Use Gentle Products: Opt for mild, fragrance-free soaps and detergents to avoid skin irritation.
• Dietary Adjustments: Consider adding probiotics to your diet and reducing sugar intake, as these changes may help balance the body’s natural flora.

How long does it take for cutaneous candidiasis to clear up with treatment? With proper care and consistent use of antifungal medications, most cases of cutaneous candidiasis show improvement within one to two weeks. However, it’s important to complete the full course of treatment as prescribed to prevent recurrence.

Preventing Recurrence: Long-term Management of Cutaneous Candidiasis

While treatment can effectively clear up an active infection, preventing recurrence is key to long-term management of cutaneous candidiasis. What strategies can help reduce the risk of future infections?

• Maintain Good Hygiene: Regular washing and thorough drying of prone areas can prevent the build-up of moisture that fosters Candida growth.
• Choose Appropriate Clothing: Opt for loose-fitting, breathable fabrics, especially in warm weather or during physical activities.
• Manage Underlying Conditions: If you have diabetes or another condition that increases your risk, work with your healthcare provider to keep it well-controlled.
• Practice Safe Antibiotic Use: Only use antibiotics when necessary and as prescribed by your doctor to maintain a healthy balance of skin bacteria.
• Monitor Diet: A balanced diet low in refined sugars and rich in probiotics can support overall skin health and immune function.
• Stay Dry: Use absorbent powders in areas prone to excessive sweating, and change out of damp clothing promptly.

Can lifestyle changes alone prevent cutaneous candidiasis? While lifestyle modifications play a crucial role in prevention, individuals with recurring infections or underlying risk factors may benefit from periodic use of preventive antifungal treatments as recommended by their healthcare provider.

When to Seek Medical Attention for Cutaneous Candidiasis

While many cases of cutaneous candidiasis can be managed with over-the-counter treatments and home care, certain situations warrant professional medical attention. When should you consult a healthcare provider?

• If symptoms persist or worsen despite home treatment
• If the rash spreads to new areas or becomes increasingly painful
• If you develop a fever or other signs of a more serious infection
• If you have a weakened immune system due to an underlying condition or medication
• If you experience frequent recurrences of the infection
• If the infection affects a large area of your body

How can you prepare for a medical consultation about cutaneous candidiasis? Keep a detailed record of your symptoms, including when they started, any treatments you’ve tried, and any factors that seem to trigger or exacerbate the condition. This information can help your healthcare provider determine the most appropriate course of action.

Exploring the Connection Between Cutaneous Candidiasis and Systemic Health

While cutaneous candidiasis primarily affects the skin, its occurrence can sometimes be indicative of broader health issues. How does this skin condition relate to overall systemic health?

Immune System Function

Recurrent or persistent cutaneous candidiasis may signal an underlying immune system dysfunction. Conditions such as HIV/AIDS, certain cancers, or prolonged use of immunosuppressive medications can weaken the body’s natural defenses against fungal overgrowth.

Endocrine Disorders

Hormonal imbalances, particularly those associated with diabetes or thyroid disorders, can create an environment conducive to Candida overgrowth. Proper management of these conditions often helps in controlling cutaneous candidiasis.

Nutritional Status

A diet high in refined sugars and low in essential nutrients may contribute to an imbalance in the body’s microbial ecosystem, potentially increasing susceptibility to fungal infections like cutaneous candidiasis.

Stress and Mental Health

Chronic stress can impact immune function and skin health. Managing stress through relaxation techniques, adequate sleep, and regular exercise may help reduce the risk of cutaneous candidiasis and other skin conditions.

Does the presence of cutaneous candidiasis always indicate a systemic problem? Not necessarily. While recurrent or severe cases may warrant further investigation, isolated incidents of cutaneous candidiasis are often related to local factors such as moisture, friction, or temporary changes in skin flora.

Understanding the potential connections between cutaneous candidiasis and overall health underscores the importance of a holistic approach to treatment and prevention. By addressing both local skin care and systemic health factors, individuals can more effectively manage this common fungal infection and reduce the risk of recurrence.

Special Considerations: Cutaneous Candidiasis in Vulnerable Populations

Certain groups may be more susceptible to cutaneous candidiasis or face unique challenges in its management. How does the approach to prevention and treatment differ for these populations?

Infants and Young Children

Diaper rash caused by Candida is common in infants. Prevention strategies include:

• Frequent diaper changes
• Allowing the diaper area to air dry
• Using barrier creams
• Avoiding tight-fitting diapers or plastic pants

Elderly Individuals

Older adults may be more prone to cutaneous candidiasis due to factors such as:

• Decreased immune function
• Reduced mobility leading to prolonged skin-to-skin contact
• Multiple medications that may affect skin health

Care strategies should focus on meticulous skin care, regular position changes for bedridden individuals, and prompt treatment of any skin irritations.

Pregnant Women

Hormonal changes during pregnancy can increase the risk of candidiasis. Safe management includes:

• Using pregnancy-safe antifungal treatments as recommended by a healthcare provider
• Maintaining good hygiene practices
• Wearing breathable, cotton underwear

Individuals with Chronic Health Conditions

People with diabetes, HIV/AIDS, or other chronic conditions affecting immune function require:

• Close monitoring of skin health
• Aggressive treatment of any fungal infections
• Careful management of their underlying condition

How can caregivers best support individuals at higher risk for cutaneous candidiasis? Education on proper skin care, regular skin checks, and prompt reporting of any skin changes to healthcare providers are crucial steps in preventing and managing cutaneous candidiasis in vulnerable populations.

The Future of Cutaneous Candidiasis Management: Emerging Treatments and Research

As our understanding of fungal infections and skin health evolves, new approaches to managing cutaneous candidiasis are emerging. What advancements are on the horizon for treatment and prevention?

Novel Antifungal Agents

Research is ongoing to develop new antifungal compounds that are more effective against resistant strains of Candida and have fewer side effects. These may include:

• Drugs targeting specific fungal cellular processes
• Combination therapies that enhance the efficacy of existing antifungals
• Nanotechnology-based delivery systems for improved skin penetration

Probiotic Therapies

The use of beneficial bacteria to restore skin microbiome balance is an area of growing interest. Topical probiotic formulations may help:

• Prevent Candida overgrowth
• Strengthen the skin’s natural defense mechanisms
• Reduce inflammation associated with fungal infections

Immunomodulatory Approaches

Researchers are exploring ways to enhance the skin’s immune response to fungal infections, potentially through:

• Topical immune-boosting compounds
• Vaccines targeting common fungal antigens
• Personalized treatments based on individual immune profiles

Advanced Diagnostic Tools

Improving the speed and accuracy of candidiasis diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment. Emerging technologies include:

• Rapid PCR-based tests for species identification
• Non-invasive imaging techniques for assessing infection depth
• Artificial intelligence-assisted diagnosis using skin imaging

What impact might these advancements have on the management of cutaneous candidiasis? As these new approaches move from research to clinical application, they have the potential to offer more targeted, effective, and personalized treatments for cutaneous candidiasis. This could lead to faster resolution of infections, reduced recurrence rates, and improved quality of life for those affected by this common skin condition.

The future of cutaneous candidiasis management looks promising, with a focus on not just treating active infections but also on maintaining overall skin health and preventing fungal overgrowth. As research progresses, individuals affected by cutaneous candidiasis can look forward to more sophisticated and tailored approaches to managing this persistent skin condition.

Candidiasis of the Skin: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

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Healthline only shows you brands and products that we stand behind.

Our team thoroughly researches and evaluates the recommendations we make on our site. To establish that the product manufacturers addressed safety and efficacy standards, we:

• Evaluate ingredients and composition: Do they have the potential to cause harm?
• Fact-check all health claims: Do they align with the current body of scientific evidence?
• Assess the brand: Does it operate with integrity and adhere to industry best practices?

We do the research so you can find trusted products for your health and wellness.

Read more about our vetting process.

Was this helpful?

Candidiasis is a fungal skin infection. Home remedies and lifestyle changes often help, but antifungal cream or powder may be necessary.

Different types of bacteria and fungi live and grow on your skin. Most of them aren’t dangerous. Your body requires the majority of them to carry out normal functions. However, some can cause infections when they begin to multiply uncontrollably.

The Candida fungus is one of these potentially harmful organisms. When an overgrowth of Candida develops on the skin, an infection can occur. This condition is known as candidiasis of the skin, or cutaneous candidiasis.

Candidiasis of the skin often causes a red, itchy rash to form, most commonly in the folds of the skin. This rash may also spread to other areas of the body. While the symptoms are often bothersome, they can usually be treated with improved hygiene and antifungal creams or powders.

The main symptom of candidiasis of the skin is a rash. The rash often causes redness and intense itching. In some cases, the infection can cause the skin to become cracked and sore. Blisters and pustules may also occur.

The rash can affect various parts the body, but it’s most likely to develop in the folds of the skin. This includes areas in the armpits, in the groin, between the fingers, and under the breasts. Candida can also cause infections in the nails, edges of the nails, and corners of the mouth.

Other conditions that may resemble candidiasis of the skin include:

• ringworm
• hives
• herpes
• diabetes-related skin conditions
• contact dermatitis
• seborrheic dermatitis
• eczema
• psoriasis

Candidiasis of the skin develops when the skin becomes infected with Candida. A small amount of Candida fungi naturally live on the skin. When this type of fungus begins to multiply uncontrollably, however, it can cause an infection. This may occur because of:

• warm weather
• tight clothing
• poor hygiene
• infrequent undergarment changes
• obesity
• the use of antibiotics that kill harmless bacteria that keep Candida under control
• the use of corticosteroids or other medications that affect the immune system
• a weakened immune system as a result of diabetes, pregnancy, or another medical condition
• incomplete drying of damp or wet skin

Candida fungi thrive and grow in warm, moist areas. This is why the condition often affects areas where there are folds of skin.

Babies can also develop candidiasis of the skin, especially on the buttocks. A diaper tends to provide an ideal environment for Candida.

Candidiasis of the skin usually isn’t contagious. However, people with weakened immune systems may develop the condition after touching the skin of an infected person. Those with compromised immune systems are also more likely to develop a severe infection as a result of candidiasis.

Your doctor will likely be able to make a diagnosis simply by performing a physical examination. During the exam, they’ll inspect the location of your rash and the appearance of your skin.

Your doctor may also want to perform a skin culture before making a diagnosis of candidiasis of the skin. During a skin culture, your doctor will rub a cotton swab over the affected area and collect a skin sample. The sample will then be sent to a laboratory to be tested for the presence of Candida.

Candidiasis of the skin can usually be prevented with home remedies, the most important of which is proper hygiene. Washing the skin regularly and drying the skin thoroughly can prevent the skin from becoming too moist. This is vital to keeping Candida infections at bay.

There are many lifestyle changes you can make to both prevent and treat a candidiasis infection.

Helpful tips

• Quickly change out of damp clothing, such as swimsuits or sweaty workout clothes.
• Change your socks and undergarments regularly.
• Wear loose-fitting clothing.
• Use gentle and scent-free soap on affected areas.
• Add probiotics to your diet.
• Reduce the amount of sugar in your diet.

Was this helpful?

Since abnormal blood sugar levels can contribute to the development of Candida infections, keeping your blood sugar under control may also help relieve symptoms. You may be able to lower your blood sugar by reducing the amount of sugar in your diet and by exercising for 30 minutes at least three times per week. If you have diabetes, it’s important to continue following your doctor’s instructions as you may need to start receiving oral medications or an increased amount of insulin.

In severe or persistent cases of candidiasis, your doctor may recommend using an antifungal cream or powder that can be applied to your skin. Over-the-counter antifungal creams that are often recommended include clotrimazole (Mycelex), miconazole (Monistat), and tioconazole (Vagistat). This type of treatment can kill Candida and reduce the spread of the infection.

Your doctor may prescribe an antifungal cream such as nystatin or ketoconazole if the over-the-counter treatments aren’t effective. If the infection has already spread to areas inside your body, such as your throat or mouth, you may need to take an oral antifungal to get rid of it.

Cutaneous candidiasis (or candidiasis present on skin, nails, or hair) is a common occurrence in infants and babies.

Candidiasis-related diaper rash is one of the most frequently occurring candidiasis infections in babies. This rash is typically red with a well-defined border, and normally lasts more than three days. Treatment includes changing the infant’s diaper frequently and allowing them to wear loose-fitting clothes on top of the diaper. The antifungal nystatin may be prescribed.

Oral thrush is another common occurrence in newborns and infants under 6 months old. Symptoms can include cracked skin in the corners of the mouth and whitish patches on the lips, tongue, or inside of the cheeks. Your doctor can prescribe an antifungal medication that’s applied to the infant’s mouth several times a day.

If candidiasis infection is left untreated, it can enter the bloodstream and spread. See your doctor if you believe your baby has candidiasis.

Learn more: Oral thrush »

Although healthy children have strong immune systems, a 2010 study found that the rate of topical fungal infections among children is increasing rapidly. Children sometimes develop candidiasis infections after receiving antibiotics that treat another condition. Children who suck their thumbs may be prone to developing candidiasis infections in or around their nail beds.

If your child is 9 months or older and has reoccurring thrush or skin infections, this could point to an underlying health concern, such as HIV or another problem with the immune system. Older children with frequent or severe skin infections should also be tested for diabetes.

Candidiasis of the skin usually goes away with treatment, and most people fully recover without complications. If treated, the candidiasis typically resolves within one to two weeks. Without prescription treatment, recovery can take anywhere from a few days to a few weeks, depending on the severity of the infection.

Even with treatment, it is possible for the infection to return in the future. People with compromised immune systems, especially those undergoing chemotherapy and those with HIV or AIDS, are at a much higher risk of severe or life threatening Candida infections. If you’re undergoing chemotherapy or you have HIV or AIDs and you develop severe throat pain, headache, or high fevers, you should see your doctor immediately.

A:

Answers represent the opinions of our medical experts. All content is strictly informational and should not be considered medical advice.

Was this helpful?

Candidiasis of the Skin: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

We include products we think are useful for our readers. If you buy through links on this page, we may earn a small commission Here’s our process.

Healthline only shows you brands and products that we stand behind.

Our team thoroughly researches and evaluates the recommendations we make on our site. To establish that the product manufacturers addressed safety and efficacy standards, we:

• Evaluate ingredients and composition: Do they have the potential to cause harm?
• Fact-check all health claims: Do they align with the current body of scientific evidence?
• Assess the brand: Does it operate with integrity and adhere to industry best practices?

We do the research so you can find trusted products for your health and wellness.

Read more about our vetting process.

Was this helpful?

Candidiasis is a fungal skin infection. Home remedies and lifestyle changes often help, but antifungal cream or powder may be necessary.

Different types of bacteria and fungi live and grow on your skin. Most of them aren’t dangerous. Your body requires the majority of them to carry out normal functions. However, some can cause infections when they begin to multiply uncontrollably.

The Candida fungus is one of these potentially harmful organisms. When an overgrowth of Candida develops on the skin, an infection can occur. This condition is known as candidiasis of the skin, or cutaneous candidiasis.

Candidiasis of the skin often causes a red, itchy rash to form, most commonly in the folds of the skin. This rash may also spread to other areas of the body. While the symptoms are often bothersome, they can usually be treated with improved hygiene and antifungal creams or powders.

The main symptom of candidiasis of the skin is a rash. The rash often causes redness and intense itching. In some cases, the infection can cause the skin to become cracked and sore. Blisters and pustules may also occur.

The rash can affect various parts the body, but it’s most likely to develop in the folds of the skin. This includes areas in the armpits, in the groin, between the fingers, and under the breasts. Candida can also cause infections in the nails, edges of the nails, and corners of the mouth.

Other conditions that may resemble candidiasis of the skin include:

• ringworm
• hives
• herpes
• diabetes-related skin conditions
• contact dermatitis
• seborrheic dermatitis
• eczema
• psoriasis

Candidiasis of the skin develops when the skin becomes infected with Candida. A small amount of Candida fungi naturally live on the skin. When this type of fungus begins to multiply uncontrollably, however, it can cause an infection. This may occur because of:

• warm weather
• tight clothing
• poor hygiene
• infrequent undergarment changes
• obesity
• the use of antibiotics that kill harmless bacteria that keep Candida under control
• the use of corticosteroids or other medications that affect the immune system
• a weakened immune system as a result of diabetes, pregnancy, or another medical condition
• incomplete drying of damp or wet skin

Candida fungi thrive and grow in warm, moist areas. This is why the condition often affects areas where there are folds of skin.

Babies can also develop candidiasis of the skin, especially on the buttocks. A diaper tends to provide an ideal environment for Candida.

Candidiasis of the skin usually isn’t contagious. However, people with weakened immune systems may develop the condition after touching the skin of an infected person. Those with compromised immune systems are also more likely to develop a severe infection as a result of candidiasis.

Your doctor will likely be able to make a diagnosis simply by performing a physical examination. During the exam, they’ll inspect the location of your rash and the appearance of your skin.

Your doctor may also want to perform a skin culture before making a diagnosis of candidiasis of the skin. During a skin culture, your doctor will rub a cotton swab over the affected area and collect a skin sample. The sample will then be sent to a laboratory to be tested for the presence of Candida.

Candidiasis of the skin can usually be prevented with home remedies, the most important of which is proper hygiene. Washing the skin regularly and drying the skin thoroughly can prevent the skin from becoming too moist. This is vital to keeping Candida infections at bay.

There are many lifestyle changes you can make to both prevent and treat a candidiasis infection.

Helpful tips

• Quickly change out of damp clothing, such as swimsuits or sweaty workout clothes.
• Change your socks and undergarments regularly.
• Wear loose-fitting clothing.
• Use gentle and scent-free soap on affected areas.
• Add probiotics to your diet.
• Reduce the amount of sugar in your diet.

Was this helpful?

Since abnormal blood sugar levels can contribute to the development of Candida infections, keeping your blood sugar under control may also help relieve symptoms. You may be able to lower your blood sugar by reducing the amount of sugar in your diet and by exercising for 30 minutes at least three times per week. If you have diabetes, it’s important to continue following your doctor’s instructions as you may need to start receiving oral medications or an increased amount of insulin.

In severe or persistent cases of candidiasis, your doctor may recommend using an antifungal cream or powder that can be applied to your skin. Over-the-counter antifungal creams that are often recommended include clotrimazole (Mycelex), miconazole (Monistat), and tioconazole (Vagistat). This type of treatment can kill Candida and reduce the spread of the infection.

Your doctor may prescribe an antifungal cream such as nystatin or ketoconazole if the over-the-counter treatments aren’t effective. If the infection has already spread to areas inside your body, such as your throat or mouth, you may need to take an oral antifungal to get rid of it.

Cutaneous candidiasis (or candidiasis present on skin, nails, or hair) is a common occurrence in infants and babies.

Candidiasis-related diaper rash is one of the most frequently occurring candidiasis infections in babies. This rash is typically red with a well-defined border, and normally lasts more than three days. Treatment includes changing the infant’s diaper frequently and allowing them to wear loose-fitting clothes on top of the diaper. The antifungal nystatin may be prescribed.

Oral thrush is another common occurrence in newborns and infants under 6 months old. Symptoms can include cracked skin in the corners of the mouth and whitish patches on the lips, tongue, or inside of the cheeks. Your doctor can prescribe an antifungal medication that’s applied to the infant’s mouth several times a day.

If candidiasis infection is left untreated, it can enter the bloodstream and spread. See your doctor if you believe your baby has candidiasis.

Learn more: Oral thrush »

Although healthy children have strong immune systems, a 2010 study found that the rate of topical fungal infections among children is increasing rapidly. Children sometimes develop candidiasis infections after receiving antibiotics that treat another condition. Children who suck their thumbs may be prone to developing candidiasis infections in or around their nail beds.

If your child is 9 months or older and has reoccurring thrush or skin infections, this could point to an underlying health concern, such as HIV or another problem with the immune system. Older children with frequent or severe skin infections should also be tested for diabetes.

Candidiasis of the skin usually goes away with treatment, and most people fully recover without complications. If treated, the candidiasis typically resolves within one to two weeks. Without prescription treatment, recovery can take anywhere from a few days to a few weeks, depending on the severity of the infection.

Even with treatment, it is possible for the infection to return in the future. People with compromised immune systems, especially those undergoing chemotherapy and those with HIV or AIDS, are at a much higher risk of severe or life threatening Candida infections. If you’re undergoing chemotherapy or you have HIV or AIDs and you develop severe throat pain, headache, or high fevers, you should see your doctor immediately.

A:

Answers represent the opinions of our medical experts. All content is strictly informational and should not be considered medical advice.

Was this helpful?

Candidiasis of the skin. What is skin candidiasis?

IMPORTANT
The information in this section should not be used for self-diagnosis or self-treatment. In case of pain or other exacerbation of the disease, only the attending physician should prescribe diagnostic tests. For diagnosis and proper treatment, you should contact your doctor.

Skin candidiasis is a superficial skin lesion caused by fungi of the genus Candida. Skin candidiasis presents as red and edematous lesions with vesicles, papules, and erosions. Most often, the process is localized in the skin folds of the axillary and inguinal regions, in the interdigital spaces and under the mammary glands. The diagnosis of candidiasis of the skin is confirmed by the detection of Candida fungi on microscopic examination of skin scrapings. Treatment is carried out by local, and if necessary, general, use of antifungal drugs.

• Causes of skin candidiasis
• Classification of skin candidiasis
• Symptoms of skin candidiasis
• Diagnosis of skin candidiasis
• Treatment of skin candidiasis
• Prices for treatment

General

Recently, there has been an increase in the incidence of fungal infections in general and skin candidiasis in particular. The disease occurs in people of absolutely any age from newborns to the elderly. Since Candida fungi are opportunistic flora and are present in the body of a healthy person, their transition to a pathogenic state with the development of skin candidiasis can signal abnormalities occurring in the body and, first of all, a decrease in immunity.

skin candidiasis

Causes of skin candidiasis

For most people, Candida enters the body in the first year of life. Further fungi are present in the human body as a natural flora. Candidiasis of the skin develops in the case of the transition of fungi from a saprophytic state to a pathogenic one. This may be due to endogenous causes, that is, with changes in the body of the person himself. For example, metabolic disorders (dysproteinemia, obesity, diabetes mellitus), imbalance of the intestinal microflora in dysbacteriosis, decreased immunity, weakening of the body’s defenses against the background of chronic infections, increased sweating, vitamin deficiency can lead to the development of skin candidiasis. Certain types of drug therapy can lead to changes that contribute to the onset of skin candidiasis: treatment with cytostatics or corticosteroids, antibiotic therapy.

It is possible to develop skin candidiasis as a result of exogenous causes, that is, environmental factors that enhance the pathogenic properties of Candida fungi. One of these factors is humidity. The fact is that Candida develops well in a humid environment and at the same time can turn into a pathogenic state. So skin candidiasis is often affected by pool and bath workers, washers and housewives often in contact with water. Elevated ambient temperature, which promotes sweating and maceration of the skin, can also be the cause of skin candidiasis. A favorable environment for the development of pathogenic fungi Candida exists in the confectionery industry and in the canning industry, where, in addition to a large number of fungi in the external environment and raw materials, there is a constant maceration of the skin of the hands of workers with sugary substances, citric, malic and other acids.

Classification of skin candidiasis

There are the following types of candidiasis of the skin:

• candidal intertrigo – candidiasis of large skin folds;
• genital candidiasis;
• candidiasis of the skin of the interdigital spaces of the feet and hands;
• candidal folliculitis – a fungal infection of the hair follicles of the armpit, and in men in the beard and mustache area, occasionally occurs on the scalp;
• dressing candidiasis of the skin – with increased skin moisture under a plaster cast or on the back in bedridden patients;
• diaper candidiasis – in infants in the perineum.

Skin candidiasis symptoms

Skin candidiasis begins with the appearance of areas of redness on it with some swelling and various elements of the rash: papules, pustules, vesicles. After the opening of the elements, weeping erosions are formed, which merge to form clearly demarcated lesions with scalloped edges. The erosion surface is shiny and smooth, has a characteristic whitish coating. On the periphery of the foci of skin candidiasis, there are separate seropapules, edematous-erythematous spots, vesicles and pustules. Most often, skin candidiasis begins with large skin folds: between the buttocks, in the armpits, under the mammary glands, in the groin.

Depending on the clinical picture, erythematous and vesicular forms of skin candidiasis are distinguished. In the erythematous form, edematous-erythematous foci with areas of erosion predominate. The vesicular form is characterized by the presence of a large number of vesicles, pustules and papules against the background of inflamed skin.

Candidiasis of the skin can take a chronic relapsing course. In this case, the manifestations described above occur during an exacerbation several times a year and are more common. Chronic candidiasis is more difficult to treat. In severe cases, against the background of concomitant diseases and severe immune disorders, chronic candidiasis can turn into a generalized form with osteoporosis, anemia, recurrent bronchitis and pneumonia, disorders of the gastrointestinal tract and other internal organs.

Interdigital candidiasis of the skin is more often observed in preschoolers and adults working in gardens and orchards. It is manifested by maceration foci with edematous and red skin, along the periphery of which there are vesicles and papules. For employees of vegetable stores and confectionery factories, localization of skin candidiasis between III and IV or IV and V fingers is typical. Candidiasis of the skin of the genital organs is often combined with candidal vaginitis, balanoposthitis and balanitis.

Diagnosis of skin candidiasis

The fastest and easiest way to diagnose fungal etiology of skin lesions is to identify characteristic oval cells with elements of pseudomycelium by direct microscopy of scrapings for pathogenic fungi taken from the affected area of ​​the skin. Preliminary data can be obtained by PCR diagnostics, immunofluorescence reaction (RIF) and enzyme immunoassay (ELISA). The quantitative determination of Candida is of diagnostic value, since the presence of a small number of Candida fungi is normal for the microflora of the human body. Accurate identification of the causative agent of skin candidiasis and determination of its sensitivity to antifungal drugs is carried out by sowing the scraping material on Sabouraud’s medium.

Additionally, to identify concomitant diseases and infections in skin candidiasis, the following can be prescribed: a clinical blood test, determination of blood sugar and urine, an immunogram, an HIV test, etc. If necessary, a differential diagnosis of skin candidiasis with eczema, seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis is carried out. skin folds, favus, recurrent genital herpes, lupus erythematosus, etc.

Treatment of skin candidiasis

The basis of the course treatment of skin candidiasis is the appointment of antifungal drugs. These include: antifungal antibiotics (nystatin, amphotericin B, natamycin, levorin), medicines of the azole group (ketoconazole, isoconazole, clotrimazole, miconazole, econazole, fluconazole) and other drugs (flucytosine, dequalinium chloride, ciclopirox, terbinafine, naftifine, undecylenic drugs). acids). In mild cases of skin candidiasis, with a small number of lesions, treatment is carried out only locally, using antifungal ointments to treat the skin. Apply laser treatment. With widespread lesions, local treatment is combined with oral antifungal drugs. Doses and duration of treatment depend on the severity of the process and the effectiveness of the therapy. Inadequately small doses of drugs or too short a course of treatment can lead to relapses of skin candidiasis.

Along with antifungal therapy, concomitant diseases are treated and the body’s defenses are strengthened. Patients with skin candidiasis should follow a low carbohydrate diet. During treatment and in the future, to prevent relapses, it is necessary to ensure that the skin in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe folds always remains clean and dry.

You can share your medical history, what helped you in the treatment of skin candidiasis.

Sources

1. This article was prepared based on materials from the site: https://www.krasotaimedicina.ru/

IMPORTANT
Information from this section cannot be used for self-diagnosis and self-treatment In case of pain or other exacerbation of the disease, only the attending physician should prescribe diagnostic tests. For diagnosis and proper treatment, you should contact your doctor.

Skin candidiasis – daily symptoms in children and adults, diagnosis and treatment

Itching

Fungus

Eczema

Diabetes mellitus

Cushing’s disease

HIV

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26 April

Candidiasis of the skin: causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment.

Definition

Skin candidiasis is an infectious skin disease caused by microscopic fungi of the genus Candida (most commonly Candida albicans ).

Causes of skin candidiasis

Candida albicans is believed to be the cause of almost 70-80% of cases of candidiasis. In addition to it, C. glabrata , C. tropicalis , C. krusei , and C. Dubliniensis , can cause skin candidiasis, but incomparably less often.

The fungus Candida is normally present on the skin and mucous membranes without causing harm. However, with a prolonged increase in humidity, thermal exposure and violation of the protective mechanisms of the skin, the pathogen begins to multiply rapidly.

There are risk factors that contribute to the manifestation of skin candidiasis:

• hot weather,
• Tight clothing made of synthetic fabrics,
• non-compliance with personal hygiene,
• violation of microflora as a result of antibiotic therapy,
• inflammatory processes in skin folds,
• taking corticosteroids and immunosuppressants,
• diabetes mellitus and other endocrine disorders (eg, Cushing’s disease), HIV/AIDS, or T-cell defects.

Classification

• Candidal lesions of the lips and mouth.
• Smooth skin lesions.
• Damage to large folds.
• Interdigital candidiasis.
• Candidal lesions of the palms and soles.
• Candida balanoposthitis.
• Chronic generalized candidiasis (candidiasis granuloma).

There are several forms of candidiasis:

• Carriage. There are no clinical manifestations of candidiasis.
• Sharp. Accompanied by itching, rashes.
• Chronic. Characterized by the remission of symptoms and their re-manifestation. It develops in case of improper and prolonged treatment with antibiotics.

Symptoms of skin candidiasis

The disease is manifested by small vesicles, sometimes with purulent contents, which open with the formation of erosions. Erosions quickly increase, merge with each other, forming extensive areas of damage. Foci of candidiasis have a dark red color and a moist surface. Fresh small erosions form around large foci. In children, the first signs of candidiasis usually appear in the folds of the skin, from where they already spread to the skin of the thighs, buttocks, and abdomen. There may be painful cracks in the depth of the folds.

Candidiasis of smooth skin in children may resemble seborrheic dermatitis with itchy nodules and erosions. In adults, the disease can manifest as red spots with peeling in the center and small vesicles along the periphery.

Interdigital candidal erosion is observed mainly in persons who have prolonged contact with water, which contributes to skin maceration (waterlogging of the skin with its characteristic swelling). Patients are concerned about itching, burning, and in the presence of cracks – soreness.

In lactating women, candidiasis of the smooth skin of the nipples may develop in the form of hyperemia, maceration and small bubbles in the areola of the nipple.

Candidiasis of the palms can proceed according to the type of dry lamellar dyshidrosis (surface lamellar peeling) and have a vesicular-pustular form (vesicles and pustules against the background of hyperemic and edematous skin). Less commonly, the disease resembles hyperkeratotic eczema – against the background of diffuse hyperkeratosis or individual areas of keratinized skin, sharply demarcated wide skin furrows are observed that have a dirty brown color.

Candidiasis of the skin of the soles is observed mainly in children and is characterized by the presence of small vesicles and pustules, hyperemic spots with peeling and exfoliating waterlogged epidermis along the edges.

In chronic generalized (granulomatous) candidiasis, clinical manifestations on the skin can be varied.

Candida balanoposthitis (an inflammatory disease that affects the glans penis and the inner layer of the foreskin) can be mild with slight lamellar peeling or be more pronounced when there is hyperemia, maceration, erosion on the skin of the glans penis and the inner layer of the preputial sac, and also in the coronal sulcus on the contact surfaces. Erosions can merge and form foci with clear boundaries and a shiny surface. Subjectively, patients are concerned about itching and burning. The disease can be complicated by ulceration and the development of phimosis.

Diagnosis of skin candidiasis

On examination, the doctor reveals inflamed areas of the skin, delimited by waterlogged epidermis.

The diagnostic search algorithm for candidiasis of any localization includes taking material from the affected area, followed by microscopy, seeding to determine the type of fungus and its sensitivity to antimycotic (antifungal) drugs.

Candida, determination of DNA (Candida albicans, DNA) in skin epithelial cell scrapings.

Candida, determination of DNA (Candida albicans, DNA) in skin epithelial cell scraping

Synonyms: Candida DNA in a scraping of epithelial skin cells; Scraping of epithelial skin cells for candida.

Candida albicans, DNA testing; Candida albicans REAL-TIME PCR DNA, scraping of skin epithelial cells; …

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Determination of antibodies of the IgG class to Candida.

Candida IgG

An indicator of the immune response used in the diagnosis of invasive forms of candidiasis.

Fungi of the genus Candida (most often Candida albicans) are ubiquitous. They are present…

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The quantitative determination of Candida is of diagnostic value, since the presence of a small number of Candida fungi is the norm.

Identification of the causative agent of skin candidiasis and determination of its sensitivity to antifungal drugs is carried out by sowing the scraping biomaterial.

Yeast Culture. Identification and Antimycotic Susceptibility testing (Yeast Culture. Identification and Antimycotic Susceptibility testing)

Isolated pathogens: yeast-like fungi (genus Candida, Cryptococcus and others). Material for examination: depending on the type of suspected infection, urine is examined…

Up to 6 business days

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RUB 1,030

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With candidiasis of smooth skin of large folds and outside the folds, the disease should be differentiated from seborrheic eczema, psoriasis and other mycoses.

Which doctors to contact

A dermatologist is engaged in the diagnosis and treatment of skin candidiasis.

Treatment of skin candidiasis

Small lesions of smooth skin can be treated with topical antimycotic (antifungal) agents.

In recent years, azole preparations with a wide spectrum of action, as well as polyene antibiotics, have been used in the treatment of candidiasis.

In case of candidiasis of smooth skin of large folds with acute inflammation, treatment should be started with the use of an aqueous solution of brilliant green (1-2%) in combination with powder and carried out for 2-3 days. Then antimycotic drugs are prescribed: a cream or ointment is applied in a thin layer to the lesions 1-2 times a day. Treatment is continued until resolution of clinical manifestations, plus another 7 days to prevent relapse.

With widespread processes on the skin and the ineffectiveness of local therapy, antifungal agents of systemic action are prescribed: The duration of therapy is 2-4 weeks.

Complications

With a long course, the acute form of candidiasis can turn into a chronic one, which is extremely difficult to treat.

Prevention of skin candidiasis

There is no specific prevention of candidiasis of the skin. Of the generally accepted means of prevention, it should be noted the standard skin hygiene, the priority of underwear and clothing made from natural fabrics.

Sources:

1. Butov Yu.S. Dermatovenereology. National leadership. Brief edition / ed. Yu.S. Butova, Yu.K. Skripkina, O.L. Ivanova – M.: GEOTAR-Media, 2017. – 896 p.
2. Infectious diseases. National leadership / N.D. Yushchuk, Yu.Ya. Vengerov. – M.: GEOTAR-Media, 2018. – 1112 p.
3. Zachinyaeva A.V. Medical mycology / Zachinyaeva A.V., Moskalev A.V., Andreev V.A., Sboychakov V.B. – M.: GEOTAR-Media, 2018. – 288 p.

IMPORTANT!

The information in this section should not be used for self-diagnosis or self-treatment. In case of pain or other exacerbation of the disease, only the attending physician should prescribe diagnostic tests. For diagnosis and proper treatment, you should contact your doctor.
For a correct assessment of the results of your analyzes in dynamics, it is preferable to do studies in the same laboratory, since different laboratories may use different research methods and units of measurement to perform the same analyzes.