What are the common symptoms of cutaneous yeast infections. How are cutaneous yeast infections diagnosed and treated. What factors contribute to the development of cutaneous candidiasis. How can you prevent cutaneous yeast infections.

Understanding Cutaneous Yeast Infections: An Overview

Cutaneous yeast infections, medically known as cutaneous candidiasis, are fungal infections that affect the skin. These infections are primarily caused by Candida albicans, a type of yeast that naturally resides on the skin. While typically harmless, certain conditions can lead to an overgrowth of this fungus, resulting in infection.

Cutaneous candidiasis can occur on various parts of the body, but it most commonly affects warm, moist areas such as the armpits, groin, and skin folds. The infection can cause significant discomfort and, if left untreated, may lead to more severe complications.

Recognizing the Symptoms of Cutaneous Yeast Infections

Identifying the symptoms of cutaneous yeast infections is crucial for prompt diagnosis and treatment. The most common signs include:

• Intense itching in the affected area
• Red, growing skin rash
• Rash in skin folds, genitals, middle of the body, buttocks, and under the breasts
• Infection of hair follicles resembling pimples
• Scaling or flaking of the skin
• Burning or soreness in the infected area

Do these symptoms always indicate a yeast infection? While these signs are common in cutaneous candidiasis, they can also be present in other skin conditions. Therefore, it’s essential to consult a healthcare provider for an accurate diagnosis.

Common Causes and Risk Factors for Cutaneous Yeast Infections

Understanding the causes and risk factors associated with cutaneous yeast infections can help in prevention and management. Some of the primary factors include:

1. Warm, moist environments
2. Tight-fitting clothing
3. Poor hygiene
4. Obesity
5. Diabetes
6. Weakened immune system
7. Use of antibiotics or corticosteroids
8. Hormonal changes

Why does diabetes increase the risk of cutaneous yeast infections? High blood sugar levels provide an ideal environment for yeast to thrive, making diabetic individuals more susceptible to these infections.

Diagnosis and Treatment Options for Cutaneous Candidiasis

Diagnosing cutaneous yeast infections typically involves a physical examination by a healthcare provider. In some cases, a skin scraping may be taken for microscopic analysis to confirm the presence of Candida fungi.

Treatment options for cutaneous candidiasis include:

• Topical antifungal creams or ointments
• Oral antifungal medications for severe or persistent infections
• Keeping the affected area clean and dry
• Using moisture-wicking fabrics and loose-fitting clothing
• Managing underlying conditions like diabetes

How long does it take for a cutaneous yeast infection to clear up? With proper treatment, most infections resolve within one to two weeks. However, more severe cases may require longer treatment periods.

Preventing Cutaneous Yeast Infections: Practical Tips

While it’s not always possible to prevent cutaneous yeast infections, certain measures can reduce the risk:

• Maintain good personal hygiene
• Keep skin dry, especially in prone areas
• Wear breathable, loose-fitting clothing
• Change out of wet clothes promptly
• Manage underlying health conditions effectively
• Use antifungal powders in susceptible areas
• Avoid sharing personal items like towels

Can dietary changes help prevent cutaneous yeast infections? While there’s limited scientific evidence, some believe that reducing sugar intake and consuming probiotic-rich foods may help maintain a healthy balance of skin flora.

Special Considerations: Cutaneous Yeast Infections in Infants

Cutaneous yeast infections are particularly common in infants, often manifesting as diaper rash. The warm, moist environment inside diapers creates ideal conditions for yeast overgrowth. Symptoms in infants may include:

• Red, raised rash in the diaper area
• Small red spots or pimples around the main rash (satellite lesions)
• Persistent rash that doesn’t respond to regular diaper rash treatments

How can parents prevent diaper-related yeast infections? Frequent diaper changes, allowing the area to air dry, and using barrier creams can help prevent these infections in infants.

When to Seek Medical Attention for Cutaneous Yeast Infections

While many cases of cutaneous yeast infections can be managed with over-the-counter treatments, certain situations warrant medical attention:

• Persistent infections that don’t respond to home treatment
• Severe pain or discomfort
• Spreading of the infection to other areas of the body
• Recurrent infections
• Presence of fever or other systemic symptoms

Should you see a dermatologist for cutaneous yeast infections? If the infection is severe, recurrent, or doesn’t respond to initial treatment, consulting a dermatologist may be beneficial for specialized care.

The Link Between Cutaneous Yeast Infections and Systemic Health

While cutaneous yeast infections are often localized skin conditions, they can sometimes be indicative of underlying health issues. For instance:

• Recurrent infections may suggest an immune system deficiency
• Persistent infections in adults could be a sign of undiagnosed diabetes
• Widespread infections might indicate a more severe systemic candidiasis

Does the presence of a cutaneous yeast infection always indicate a systemic problem? Not necessarily. Many cases are localized and don’t reflect broader health issues. However, recurrent or severe infections should be evaluated by a healthcare provider to rule out underlying conditions.

Understanding Different Types of Cutaneous Yeast Infections

Cutaneous yeast infections can manifest in various forms depending on the affected area and the specific strain of Candida involved. Some common types include:

• Intertrigo: Infection in skin folds
• Candidal paronychia: Infection around the nails
• Perianal candidiasis: Infection around the anus
• Candidal folliculitis: Infection of hair follicles

Can different types of cutaneous yeast infections coexist? Yes, it’s possible for an individual to have multiple types of yeast infections simultaneously, especially if they have risk factors that promote fungal overgrowth.

The Role of Personal Care Products in Cutaneous Yeast Infections

Personal care products can play a significant role in both the prevention and exacerbation of cutaneous yeast infections. Consider the following:

• Harsh soaps can disrupt the skin’s natural pH balance, promoting yeast overgrowth
• Moisturizers with heavy oils can trap moisture, creating an environment conducive to yeast growth
• Antifungal powders or sprays can help prevent infections in susceptible areas
• Natural products like tea tree oil have antifungal properties that may help combat yeast infections

Are all-natural products safer for preventing cutaneous yeast infections? While some natural products have antifungal properties, it’s important to note that “natural” doesn’t always mean safe or effective. Always consult with a healthcare provider before using any new product to treat or prevent infections.

Cutaneous Yeast Infections in Special Populations

Certain groups of people may be more susceptible to cutaneous yeast infections or may require special considerations in treatment:

• Pregnant women: Hormonal changes can increase susceptibility
• Elderly individuals: Weakened immune systems and reduced mobility can increase risk
• Athletes: Frequent sweating and tight clothing can create ideal conditions for yeast growth
• Immunocompromised individuals: HIV/AIDS, cancer treatments, and certain medications can increase vulnerability

How should treatment approaches differ for these special populations? Treatment may need to be modified based on factors such as medication interactions, pregnancy status, or the overall health of the individual. Always consult a healthcare provider for personalized advice.

The Psychological Impact of Cutaneous Yeast Infections

While often considered primarily a physical health issue, cutaneous yeast infections can have significant psychological impacts:

• Embarrassment or self-consciousness, especially if the infection is visible
• Anxiety about recurrence or spreading of the infection
• Stress from chronic itching or discomfort
• Impact on intimate relationships, particularly with genital yeast infections

How can individuals cope with the psychological effects of cutaneous yeast infections? Open communication with healthcare providers, joining support groups, and practicing stress-reduction techniques can help manage the emotional aspects of dealing with these infections.

Emerging Research and Future Treatments for Cutaneous Yeast Infections

The field of dermatology continues to evolve, bringing new insights and potential treatments for cutaneous yeast infections:

• Development of new antifungal compounds with improved efficacy
• Research into the use of probiotics for preventing and treating yeast infections
• Exploration of nanotechnology for more effective delivery of antifungal medications
• Studies on the relationship between the skin microbiome and yeast infections

What promising developments are on the horizon for treating cutaneous yeast infections? While research is ongoing, some exciting areas include the development of antifungal vaccines and the use of genetic engineering to combat drug-resistant Candida strains.

The Global Burden of Cutaneous Yeast Infections

Cutaneous yeast infections are a global health concern, affecting millions of people worldwide. Factors contributing to their prevalence include:

• Increasing rates of obesity and diabetes
• Growing elderly population
• Rising use of broad-spectrum antibiotics
• Climate change leading to warmer, more humid environments

How do cutaneous yeast infections impact public health systems? These infections contribute to healthcare costs, antibiotic resistance concerns, and quality of life issues for affected individuals. Public health initiatives focusing on prevention and education are crucial in managing this global health challenge.

Integrating Lifestyle Changes for Long-Term Management

While medical treatments are often necessary for acute cutaneous yeast infections, long-term management often involves lifestyle modifications:

• Maintaining a balanced diet rich in nutrients that support immune function
• Regular exercise to promote overall health and immune system strength
• Stress management techniques, as chronic stress can weaken the immune system
• Adequate sleep to support the body’s natural defense mechanisms

Can lifestyle changes alone prevent all cutaneous yeast infections? While a healthy lifestyle can significantly reduce the risk, it may not prevent all infections, especially in individuals with underlying risk factors. However, these changes can complement medical treatments and improve overall skin health.

Candida infection of the skin Information | Mount Sinai

Skin infection – fungal; Fungal infection – skin; Skin infection – yeast; Yeast infection – skin; Intertriginous candidiasis; Cutaneous candidiasis

Candida infection of the skin is a yeast infection of the skin. The medical name of the condition is cutaneous candidiasis.

This microscopic film shows a fluorescent stain of Candida. Candida is a yeast (fungus) that causes mild disease, but in immunocompromised individuals it may cause life-threatening illness. (Image courtesy of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.)

This child has a large rash caused by candidiasis, affecting the skin around the mouth. There are also other lesions that aren’t connected to the large lesion, called satellite lesions.

Fungal infections are caused by microscopic organisms (fungi) that can live on the skin. They can live on the dead tissues of the hair, nails, and outer skin layers.

Causes

The body normally hosts a variety of germs, including bacteria and fungi. Some of these are useful to the body, some produce no harm or benefit, and some can cause harmful infections.

Some fungal infections are caused by fungi that often live on the hair, nails, and outer skin layers. They include yeast-like fungi such as candida. Sometimes, these yeast penetrate beneath the surface of the skin and cause infection.

In cutaneous candidiasis, the skin is infected with candida fungi. This type of infection is fairly common. It can involve almost any skin on the body, but most often it occurs in warm, moist, creased areas such as the armpits and groin. The fungus that most often causes cutaneous candidiasis is Candida albicans.

Candida is the most common cause of diaper rash in infants. The fungi take advantage of the warm, moist conditions inside the diaper. Candida infection is also particularly common in people with diabetes and in those who are obese. Antibiotics, steroid therapy, and chemotherapy increase the risk of cutaneous candidiasis. Candida can also cause infections of the nails, edges of the nails, and corners of the mouth.

Oral thrush, a form of candida infection of the moist lining of the mouth, usually occurs when people take antibiotics though only a small number of people who take antibiotics get thrush. It may also be a sign of an HIV infection or other weakened immune system disorders when it occurs in adults. Individuals with candida infections are not usually contagious, though in some settings people with weakened immune systems may catch the infection. When it occurs in the mouth or vagina, it is sometimes called mucocutaneous candidiasis.

Candida is also the most frequent cause of vaginal yeast infections. These infections are common and often occur with antibiotic use.

Symptoms

Candida infection of the skin can cause intense itching.

Symptoms also include:

• Red, growing skin rash
• Rash on the skin folds, genitals, middle of the body, buttocks, under the breasts, and other areas of skin
• Infection of the hair follicles that may look like pimples

Exams and Tests

Your health care provider can usually diagnose this condition by looking at your skin. Your provider may gently scrape off a sample of skin for testing.

Older children and adults with a yeast skin infection should be tested for diabetes. High sugar levels, seen in people with diabetes, act as food for the yeast fungus and help it grow.

Treatment

Good general health and hygiene are very important for treating candida infections of the skin. Keeping the skin dry and exposed to air is helpful. Drying (absorbent) powders may help prevent fungal infections.

Losing weight may help eliminate the problem if you are overweight.

Proper blood sugar control may also be helpful to those with diabetes.

Antifungal skin creams, ointments, or powders may be used to treat a yeast infection of the skin, mouth, or vagina. You may need to take antifungal medicine by mouth for severe candida infections in the mouth, throat, or vagina.

Outlook (Prognosis)

Cutaneous candidiasis often goes away with treatment, especially if the underlying cause is corrected. Repeat infections are common.

Possible Complications

These complications may occur:

• Infection of the nails may cause the nails to become oddly shaped and may cause an infection around the nail.
• Candida skin infections may return.
• Widespread candidiasis may occur in people with weakened immune systems.

When to Contact a Medical Professional

Contact your provider if you develop symptoms of cutaneous candidiasis.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website. Fungal diseases: candidiasis. www.cdc.gov/fungal/diseases/candidiasis/index.html. Updated June 28, 2022. Accessed January 3, 2023.

James WD, Elston DM, Treat JR, Rosenbach MA, Neuhaus IM. Diseases resulting from fungi and yeasts. In: James WD, Elston DM, Treat JR, Rosenbach MA, Neuhaus IM, eds. Andrews’ Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology. 13th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 15.

Lionakis MS, Edwards JE. Candida species. In: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett’s Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 256.

Last reviewed on: 12/4/2022

Reviewed by: Jatin M. Vyas, MD, PhD, Associate Professor in Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Associate in Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.

Pictures of Fungal Skin Infections

Medically Reviewed by Debra Jaliman, MD on August 20, 2022

Fungal skin infections can be itchy and annoying, but they’re rarely serious. Common infections such as athlete’s foot, jock itch, and ringworm are caused by fungus and are easy to get and to pass around. In healthy people, they usually don’t spread beyond the skin’s surface, so they’re easy to treat. If you spend a lot of time at the gym, take steps to protect yourself against fungal infections.

Ringworm isn’t caused by worms. This raised, red, circular, itchy fungal infection can occur on the body or scalp. You’re at greater risk if you come in contact with a pet or person with ringworm or with contaminated items. Prevent it by keeping your body clean and dry. It’s easily spread, so don’t share towels, combs, or other personal items.

Itchy, burning, cracked, and peeling feet? Athlete’s foot is a form of ringworm that usually develops between the toes. It can spread via wet locker room floors and contaminated towels and shoes. Prevent it by wearing shower shoes at the gym, washing your feet daily, drying them well, and wearing clean socks.

A raised, itchy, red rash around your groin means you probably have jock itch, which can affect men and women. It’s another type of ringworm, and it can be caused by sweating and the humid environment often created by athletic gear. You can prevent it by keeping your groin clean and dry, changing into dry, clean clothes and underwear every day, and avoiding tight clothing.

Brittle, discolored, thick nails may mean you have nail fungus. It can affect fingernails or toenails. Prevent nail fungus by keeping hands and feet clean and dry, wearing dry socks and changing them often, wearing shoes in a public shower, pool, or locker room, and not scratching infected skin, such as athlete’s foot. Wear wide-toed shoes (so toes aren’t crammed together), and don’t share nail clippers.

Change out of your gym clothes right after a workout. Sweaty gear provides a perfect home for fungi and other germs to thrive and grow. Wash exercise clothes after each use. Wear clean clothes before each workout.

To prevent fungal infections from taking a foothold at home, your best defense is to keep skin clean and dry. Change underwear and socks daily. Let your sneakers air out and wash them regularly. Take your shoes off at home to expose your feet to the air.

To fight fungal infections at the gym, wear shower shoes in the locker room and avoid sitting on wet benches. Don’t share workout mats or towels. Wash your hands before and after a workout, and don’t forget to wipe down gym equipment before and after using it.

Despite your best efforts at prevention, you think you have a fungal infection. Now what? First, talk to your doctor. Other skin problems can look a lot like fungal infections, but require different treatment. For mild infections, topical medication may be all you need. Stubborn infections could require oral prescription drugs.

Fungal skin and nail infections may look bad, but they rarely lead to more than itching and irritation. Still, if you’re worried about your jock itch, athlete’s foot, or any rash, talk to your health care provider.

IMAGES PROVIDED BY:

1)   Comstock
2)   Copyright © 2011 Dr. H.C. Robinson / Photo Researchers, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
3)   Copyright © 2011 SPL / Photo Researchers, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
4)   Copyright © 2011 Dr. Harout Tanielian / Photo Researchers, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
5)   Copyright © 2011 Dr. P. Marazzi / Photo Researchers, Inc. All Rights Reserved
6)   Andrew Olney / Photodisc
7)   Helena Wahlman / Maskot
8)   Sanna Lindberg / PhotoAlto Agency RF Collections
9)   ALLESALLTAG BILDAGENT
10)   Terje Rakke / The Image Bank

SOURCES:

American Academy of Family Physicians: “Tinea Infections: Athlete’s Foot, Jock Itch and Ringworm,” “Fungal Infections of Fingernails and Toenails.”

CDC: “Lurking in the Locker Room.”

KidsHealth: “Fungal Infections,” “Jock Itch.”

National Institutes of Health: “Athlete’s Foot.”

PubMed Health: “Ringworm.”

Simmons College: “Gym Hygiene: How to Reduce the Risk of Infections in the Gym.”

University of California, Davis: “Nail Fungal Infections. “

University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas: “Health Watch – Toxic Gym Clothes.”

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symptoms of oral candidiasis, treatment of stomatitis in adults with drugs and a dentist

Candidiasis or thrush is a common infectious disease caused by yeast-like fungi. Often develops in the oral mucosa. It doesn’t matter how old you are. The problem occurs at any age. Pathology is caused by a fungus of the genus Candida. Plaques appear on the mucous membrane. The formations have a curdled mass. Patients experience burning and other discomfort. Chewing food causes discomfort. Feeling sore when talking. Unpleasant smell, dryness and pain require immediate medical attention.

Thrush is also common in children. They develop candidal glossitis. The disease manifests itself in children. Pathology affects people who wear dentures. The reason is not that important. The disease must be eliminated. Requires surgical treatment. Don’t put off visiting the clinic. An accurate diagnosis is required.

Causes

An unpleasant pathology is a dangerous infection. It occurs in people of all ages. It can overtake a child, a teenager, an adult. The disease often occurs with a weakened immune system. Love proper nutrition and do not deny yourself vitamins? What a score! Your body is able to prevent the occurrence of thrush.

The disease occurs as a result of the development of fungi. The occurrence of pathology is influenced by various factors. Yeast fungi are found in the body of every person. Under the influence of reasons, their uncontrolled reproduction begins. Don’t want to suffer from a complex illness? Eliminate the factors that cause pathology.

Thrush is caused by:

• Hormonal changes. With hormonal changes, it is difficult for the body to respond to the development of bacteria. For example, during pregnancy. Women often develop vaginal thrush.
• Medicinal preparations. The mouth contains different types of microorganisms. They hold back each other’s growth. Antibiotics kill some bacteria. The composition of the microflora is disturbed.
• Weak immunity. It is difficult for a weakened body to fight dangerous bacteria. The number of fungi is increasing. The thrush appears.
• Improper hygiene. The accumulation of germs often leads to problems. The thrush appears.
• High carbohydrate foods. Glucose, sucrose and galactose enhance the growth of Candida. Monitor the quality of food. Excessive sugar increases the likelihood of thrush.
• Diet. Malnutrition provokes the development of many diseases. With diets, there is a lack of iron and other vitamins. The possibility of the appearance of the disease increases.
• Mucosal injury. Injuries reduce barrier properties. It is easier for fungi to penetrate deep into.
• Smoking. The microflora is deteriorating. Diseases develop.
• Contraceptives. Such drugs contain progestin, estrogen. Elements increase the concentration of glucose in the blood. The growth of Candida fungi is accelerated.
• Removable dentures. Bacteria can accumulate on the denture. It is important to disinfect frequently.

Candidiasis is contagious. Bacteria are easily transmitted through kisses, shared towels, dishes.

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Symptoms

Symptoms of thrush:

• white, red spots and plaques;
• dry;
• burning sensation.

Candidiasis can be confused with many diseases. Avoid self-medication. At the first sign, consult a doctor. The dentist-therapist will conduct an examination. Schedules tests. Eliminate pathology.

Species

Symptoms and course depend on the form of the disease. There are several different types of candidiasis.

Acute pseudomembranous

This form of pathology has no pronounced symptoms. Acute candidiasis can cause mild discomfort. White plaques and plaque rise above the mucosa. The person is uncomfortable. At the initial stage, single plaques are removed with scraping. After you can see the mucous membrane of a bright red color. Fungal disease is not always mild.

Severe course causes more discomfort in the oral cavity. The sizes of plaques increase. They begin to merge with each other. Gradually, the entire mucosal cavity is affected. The plaques thicken. Removing them is more difficult. This type of pathology is often found in infants. May appear in adults after taking antibiotics or other strong drugs. It often worries patients who have a violation of the immune status. For example, as a result of HIV or leukemia.

Acute and chronic atrophic

Acute atrophic candidiasis causes extreme discomfort. The mucous membranes seem to have been burned by the hot liquid. Plaques and white plaque are absent. The mucosa acquires a pronounced red color. On the tongue there are traces of dental units. The patient may experience an acidic, metallic, bitter, or salty taste in the mouth. Feeling dry more often. Pathology occurs after taking antibiotics and other drugs.

Chronic candidiasis causes no less discomfort. There are redness in the mucosal area. Also worried about the burning sensation. On the back of the mucous membrane of the tongue, papillae may atrophy. Taste sensations change. Pathology occurs in patients who wear removable dentures. Therefore, the disease is often called prosthetic stomatitis.

Chronic hyperplastic

Mainly occurs in adult patients. This is the rarest type of candidiasis. Often develops on the buccal mucosa. May appear around the corners of the mouth. Skin lesions cause discomfort. Also appears on the soft palate and back of the tongue. White plaques gradually grow. In the absence of treatment, they merge. Gradually acquire a yellowish tint. In a pronounced degree, the plaques become more nodular and coarse.

This candidiasis is not easy to remove. Scraping plaques will not work. You can notice a change in the composition of saliva. It becomes more viscous, foamy. Often the pathology occurs in smoking men. Clinical studies have helped to discover that this type of candidiasis can transform into oncology. Therefore, pathology can be regarded as a precancerous disease.

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Treatment

Candidiasis requires immediate treatment. An accurate diagnosis should be made. A biopsy may be performed. Histological examination is often prescribed. A swab may be taken from the affected area. This is required for microscopic examination. If a pathology is suspected, the doctor prescribes laboratory tests. It is recommended to take blood tests for glucose or HIV. Rent bacteriological culture. The study will help identify a fungal disease. Sowing will determine the type of fungus that caused the appearance of thrush. Accurate diagnosis will allow you to prescribe effective drugs.

Consultation with more specialized specialists is recommended. An endocrinologist will help make sure that there are no endocrine diseases. The allergist will check the sensitivity to prosthetic devices. The therapist will determine the nature of the pathology.

Treatment includes the following steps:

• Sanitation. All dental pathologies are treated. The dentist eliminates carious lesions, installs fillings. Tooth deposits are removed. Teeth are cleaned of plaque.
• Elimination of pathologies. Exacerbations of diseases are stopped. The hormonal background is being adjusted. Increases immunity. Dentures that cause allergic reactions are replaced.
• Prescribing drugs. The doctor prescribes medicines. Antifungal medications are prescribed. Antihistamines, immunomodulators, restorative drugs may be prescribed.

The treatment is carried out in a complex manner. Includes measures to strengthen the immune system. The doctor teaches proper oral hygiene. A change in diet is recommended. Bad habits should be eliminated. Smoking will quickly lead to recurrence. The doctor gives recommendations that will help prevent relapses.

Preparations

Candidiasis cannot be cured without effective medications. Manufacturers produce different products. They can eliminate the pathology quickly enough. Comprehensively affect the problem. Only a doctor can prescribe the most effective remedies. The doctor examines the signs. Performs diagnostics. Then he prescribes drugs.

Doctors prescribe:

• Suspensions (Amphotericin B, Diflucan). Effective in severe forms of thrush. High-quality suspensions gently affect the manifestations and cause of the disease.
• Tablets (Itriconazole, Nystatin or others). The dosage is determined according to age. Most drugs are sold by prescription only.
• Gels (Miconazole). They are used as applications on the mucous membrane.
• Antiseptics (Miramistin, Chlorhexidine). Complementary Therapy. Used for rinsing.

Medicines and aids prescribed by a doctor. It is not worth making a decision about taking medications on your own. You can make health problems worse. It is necessary to take drugs in accordance with the prescribed treatment plan. The infection will pass.

Prevention

After treatment, prevention is important. With a mild form of thrush, relapses do not occur. The average degree of the course of the disease can be repeated. A severe form can turn into a chronic condition. Complications are possible. Relapses occur for a number of reasons. For example, do not follow the doctor’s prescriptions. Immunodeficiency and diabetes mellitus lead to repeated pathologies. Illiterate treatment leads to the development of the disease. Don’t want complications? Contact experienced doctors. Don’t forget about prevention.

Brush your teeth properly. You can not damage the mucous membrane. After eating, it is recommended to rinse the mouth. For this, special tools are used. A dentist can help in choosing the composition. Do not use one toothbrush for a long time. It needs to be changed every 2-3 months. The brush must be washed thoroughly after each use.

Wear removable dentures? Wash them after eating. Store your dentures in a case. Don’t throw them anywhere. Microbes can get on dentures.

Bad habits cause many diseases. Smoking, alcoholic beverages adversely affect the microflora. Harmful bacteria spread faster. Increase your vitamins. Strong immunity is less likely to be influenced by harmful factors. The body will fight dangerous bacteria.

When treating pathologies with antibiotics, probiotics should be taken. Antifungal drugs are also recommended. Antibiotics kill beneficial bacteria. They need to be replenished. Take vitamin complexes. Visit the dentist’s office at least once every 6 months. The doctor will conduct an examination. The doctor will clean up. Pathologies should be treated.

Treating candidiasis is a complex process. Often a local approach is not enough. After a thorough examination, effective methods are selected. The PROPRIKUS clinic employs doctors you can trust. New methods quickly reveal the disease. Doctors will help to cope with the problem. You will forget about pathology. Bring back your normal quality of life. Stop feeling uncomfortable.

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How does thrush occur in women. Causes, symptoms and treatment

Vaginal candidiasis or thrush is a fungal infection of the vaginal mucosa. The disease usually occurs in young and sexually active women. But the appearance of symptoms of thrush and in postmenopause is possible. Candida is the causative agent of thrush. They belong to the conditionally pathogenic flora, which is characteristic of the female vagina. Under the influence of various adverse factors, fungi begin to actively multiply, causing signs of thrush in women.

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Causes of thrush

It is believed that candidiasis is not sexually transmitted. But after intimate contact with a woman who has acute symptoms of thrush, a man may experience short-term signs of inflammation of the head of the penis. They are manifested by redness, the appearance of white particles on the skin of the penis, resembling discharge from thrush. Usually, such manifestations disappear on their own after a few days, since Candida fungi cannot live on a man’s genitals for a long time.

Predisposing factors for the development of the disease are:

• hyperhidrosis;
• damage to the epithelial barrier of the vagina;
• diabetes mellitus;
• endocrine disorders;
• long-term use of broad-spectrum antibiotics;
• conditions of reduced immunity;
• cancers;
• venereal infections;
• genital surgery, abortion, diagnostic curettage of the uterus;
• General and topical use of corticosteroids.

The development of vaginal candidiasis is promoted by malnutrition, a high content of sweets in a woman’s diet: simple carbohydrates help create a favorable environment for yeast-like fungi. Provoking factors include deficiency of vitamins A, B1, B2 or iron, alcoholism and blood diseases, the use of hormonal contraceptives, lack of healthy hygiene, early onset of sexual activity, frequent change of partners.

Pregnant women are especially prone to fungal infections due to hormonal changes, reduced immunity, and disruption of the natural microflora of the vagina. The fungus multiplies rapidly on the moist, warm, and nutrient-rich vaginal mucosa. Even a slight influence of adverse factors can cause an active build-up of Candida colonies on the mucosa and the appearance of acute symptoms of thrush, which can be quite difficult to get rid of.

Symptoms of thrush

Vaginal candidiasis can cause symptoms such as persistent itching, burning, and soreness of the vulva (especially during intercourse or urination) and a foul-smelling vaginal discharge. Some patients have elevated body temperature. But hyperthermia is characteristic of the combined course of a fungal infection with other diseases (cystitis, ureaplasmosis, syphilis, cervicitis). Other characteristic symptoms are redness, swelling, white lumpy mucous deposits and dark red erythema on the mucous membrane of the labia.

Symptoms of thrush can be acute, when a woman notes abundant curdled discharge from the genital tract with a sour smell, combined with severe itching, and chronic – without obvious manifestations. Long-term vaginal candidiasis of the external genital organs is dangerous for women’s health, as it disrupts the internal microflora, increases the risk of progression of a secondary infection, and can cause problems with conception in the future.

Diagnostics

An accurate diagnosis of a woman with external signs of thrush can be made using a microscopic examination of smears. Tank inoculation shows a large number of colonies of yeast-like fungi Candida. They must be differentiated from other pathogens by ELISA, PCR.

If it is necessary to identify concomitant diseases and obtain a complete picture of the condition of the genitourinary organs of the patient, gynecologists prescribe an ultrasound scan of the pelvic organs and the bladder. Hormonal disorders can be detected using laboratory blood tests.

Medical treatment

Therapeutic options in the treatment of thrush in women have increased significantly in recent years. Treatment of vaginal candidiasis is prescribed by a gynecologist. It is necessary to consult a doctor even with minor manifestations of the disease. Against the background of symptoms of thrush, more serious diseases of the genital organs, diseases of the endocrine system can progress. A fungal infection with a long course should be especially alarming. She often speaks of a predisposition to diabetes mellitus or already developing endocrine diseases.

Modern antifungal agents are used for topical treatment. They may be in the form of suppositories, vaginal tablets, ointments or creams. If there is no effect, antifungal treatment of thrush in women with systemic drugs is introduced. Some medicines can be taken once a day. They act immediately and do not require repeated use.

It is useful for the treatment of vaginal candidiasis to use products containing probiotic bacteria that restore balance in the biocenosis of the vaginal microflora.

In the chronic course of vaginal candidiasis, antifungal drugs are prescribed in courses. Thrush of the vaginal type can be combined with damage to the oral mucosa. This indicates a serious decrease in immunity, the development of hormonal disorders. In this case, specialists prescribe an additional intake of antibiotics and drug therapy for the identified pathologies.

Drug treatment of vaginal candidiasis can be supplemented with topical application of anti-inflammatory compounds and disinfectants. Experts prescribe douching and baths using potassium permanganate, silver nitrate. To increase the protective properties of the vaginal mucosa and maintain the constancy of the internal microflora, drugs with an immunostimulating effect are used. It is possible to prescribe probiotics and prebiotics: thrush often progresses against the background of intestinal dysbacteriosis. Sometimes it is enough to normalize the work of the gastrointestinal tract to get rid of frequent exacerbations of thrush.

Antibiotics for vaginal candidiasis are prescribed only for special indications. The use of antibacterial drugs can increase the symptoms of thrush in a woman. Practice good personal hygiene, including changing your underwear frequently and washing your genitals with warm soapy water. For intimate places, you need to use a separate towel. For regular personal hygiene, products containing lactic acid sticks have proven themselves well.

During the period of exacerbation, it is best to refuse to use sponges, hard towels: additional damage to the irritated mucosa can aggravate the course of candidiasis. The mucosa in the acute period is edematous, easily injured and may begin to bleed. It is recommended to wear cotton underwear. Do not visit the pool or sauna for the period of treatment. During menstruation, it is better to use sanitary pads instead of tampons or vaginal cups.

It is worth following an antifungal diet, which includes the elimination of simple sugars. The high carbohydrate content found in sugary sodas, baked goods, candy, and other sweets maintain conditions favorable for yeast growth.

For sitz baths, infusions of calendula, chamomile, and sage are suitable. In the home treatment of vaginal candidiasis, you can combine the remedies prescribed by the doctor with external use of a decoction or infusions of herbs that have an anti-inflammatory effect on the vaginal mucosa.

Thrush in pregnancy

Against the background of hormonal changes, many women experience symptoms of thrush during pregnancy. Candidiasis can persist throughout the entire period of bearing a child. The high concentration of progesterone, characteristic of pregnant women, the release of substances that prevent rejection of the fetus, contribute to the long course of thrush.

Often, vaginal candidiasis is combined with bacterial vaginosis. Therefore, even minor manifestations of thrush during pregnancy require additional consultation with a gynecologist and a clarifying diagnosis. It is enough to carry out a smear on the flora or a PCR study. If, in addition to yeast-like fungi, potentially dangerous microorganisms enter the vaginal flora, appropriate treatment should be carried out to avoid complications in the future.

Treatment of thrush during pregnancy

Many gynecologists do not carry out serious treatment for thrush, as they consider it useless. Due to certain changes in the hormonal background and local immunity, antifungal drugs will not give a complete recovery. Systemic antimycotics during pregnancy are not recommended due to possible harm to the unborn child.

Local preparations in the form of vaginal suppositories contribute to the disappearance of the symptoms of thrush for a certain period of time. But in most women, vaginal candidiasis persists until the very birth. This refers to the variant of the norm, if, according to the results of smears, a woman does not have microorganisms that are unusual for the normal microflora of the vagina. To prevent infectious complications, including in the fetus, a few weeks before childbirth, specialists prescribe vaginal suppositories for the sanitation of the genital tract.

Additionally, it is recommended to wear comfortable underwear made from natural fabrics throughout pregnancy. Contributes to the development of pregnancy constant moist environment in the genital area due to the use of panty liners. Linen must be breathable. It is better to refuse panty liners, even if the manufacturer claims that they are made from natural fabrics.

Hygiene of the external genital organs is also extremely important during pregnancy. Due to a decrease in local immunity, the risk of infectious diseases and allergic reactions increases. Hygiene products should have the most natural composition. It is better to use gels that contain uric acid. It inhibits the active reproduction of yeast-like fungi, prevents frequent relapses of vaginal candidiasis in women.

If a sexual partner shows signs of balanoposthitis provoked by fungi, it is necessary to conduct a course of treatment with antimycotics and antibiotics. Otherwise, the woman will be re-infected from the man.

You also need to make adjustments to your diet. During pregnancy, it is not recommended to consume a large number of sweets. Sugar should be replaced with honey if there is no allergic reaction. With severe symptoms of vaginal candidiasis during pregnancy, it is recommended to additionally check the level of glucose in the blood. By the appearance of thrush are women prone to the development of diabetes. During pregnancy, it can occur in a latent form.