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Doxycycline monohydrate for uti: Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Interactions, Warning

by alexxlab

Successful Doxycycline Therapy in a Patient With Escherichia coli and Multidrug-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Urinary Tract Infection

Case Reports

. 2017 Aug;30(4):464-467.

doi: 10.1177/0897190016642362.

Epub 2016 Apr 12.

Cassandra R White 
1
 
2
, Tomasz Z Jodlowski 
2
, Dylan T Atkins 
1
, Nicole G Holland 
1

Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 1 Husson University School of Pharmacy, Bangor, ME, USA.
  • 2 2 VA Maine Healthcare System, Augusta, ME, USA.

  • PMID:

    27071978

  • DOI:

    10. 1177/0897190016642362

Case Reports

Cassandra R White et al.

J Pharm Pract.

2017 Aug.

. 2017 Aug;30(4):464-467.

doi: 10.1177/0897190016642362.

Epub 2016 Apr 12.

Authors

Cassandra R White 
1
 
2
, Tomasz Z Jodlowski 
2
, Dylan T Atkins 
1
, Nicole G Holland 
1

Affiliations

  • 1 1 Husson University School of Pharmacy, Bangor, ME, USA.
  • 2 2 VA Maine Healthcare System, Augusta, ME, USA.

  • PMID:

    27071978

  • DOI:

    10.1177/0897190016642362

Abstract


Objective:

To report on a patient with a symptomatic, polymicrobial Escherichia coli and multidrug-resistant (MDR), extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae urinary tract infection (UTI) who was successfully treated with oral doxycycline hyclate.


Case summary:

A 70-year-old white male inpatient with a history of recurrent UTI, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and diverticular disease was diagnosed with UTI and empirically treated with oral ciprofloxacin. Symptoms persisted 2 days later, and the patient was transitioned to amoxicillin/clavulanate by a different provider. The next day, upon receipt of the urine culture and susceptibility panel revealing E coli and MDR, ESBL-positive K pneumoniae infection, treatment was switched to doxycycline hyclate, which resulted in clinical improvement.


Discussion:

Complicated UTI involving multiple pathogens requires careful clinical judgment to select the appropriate antimicrobial agent, improve clinical outcomes, and prevent resistance. Treatment with doxycycline was based on the susceptibility panel and local resistance patterns. Advantages of doxycycline for UTI include its oral formulation, wide spectrum of activity, ability to achieve high concentration in the urine, and low toxicity.


Conclusion:

Doxycycline hyclate may be an effective treatment option for patients with susceptible MDR UTI.


Keywords:

bacterial resistance; doxycycline; infectious disease; urology.

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How and when to take doxycycline

Dosage

Dose for infections and skin conditions

Your dose of doxycycline depends on why you are taking it. The usual dose is 100mg to 200mg, taken once or twice a day.

You might take a lower dose, such as 40mg once a day or 20mg twice a day, for rosacea or gum infections.

Children younger than 12 years old may need to take a lower dose than adults. The dose depends on your child’s age and weight. If you’re taking doxycycline more than once a day, try to space your doses evenly throughout the day.

Dose for malaria

You’ll usually take 100mg once a day in the morning.

Important

Carry on taking doxycycline until you’ve completed the course, even if you feel better. If you stop your treatment early, the infection could come back, or you may no longer be protected against malaria.

How to take it

If you’re taking a lower dose of 40mg of doxycycline a day for rosacea or gum infections, take it at least 1 hour before food.

If you’re taking a higher dose of 100mg or more for other types of infection, you can take it with or without food. But you’re less likely to feel sick if you have it with food.

It’s important to take doxycycline while you’re in an upright position. You can be sitting, standing or walking. This will stop the medicine irritating your food pipe or stomach. Avoid lying down for at least 30 minutes after taking doxycycline.

If you take it twice a day, this could be first thing in the morning, and in the evening – before you go to bed. Try to avoid lying down for at least 30 minutes after taking doxycycline. This helps to prevent any irritation.

If you’re taking doxycycline for malaria, start your treatment 1 or 2 days before going to an area with malaria. Stop taking it 4 weeks after leaving the area. Check with your doctor or pharmacist that doxycycline is the best medicine to prevent malaria in the country you are travelling to.

How to take capsules or standard tablets

Swallow your doxycycline whole with at least 150ml of water. Not swallowing them with enough water can cause swelling and irritation in your throat (oesophagitis).

How to take dispersible tablets

Dissolve the tablet in a small amount of water. Let the tablet break up fully then swallow the drink.

If you forget to take it

If you forget to take a dose, take it as soon as you remember, unless it’s nearly time for your next dose. If that happens, just leave out the dose you missed and take your next dose at the usual time.

Never take 2 doses at the same time. Never take an extra dose to make up for a forgotten one.

If you often forget doses, it may help to set an alarm to remind you. You could also ask your pharmacist for advice on other ways to remember to take your medicines.

If you take too much

Taking 1 extra dose of doxycycline is unlikely to harm you. But speak to your pharmacist or doctor if you’re worried, or you have taken more than 1 extra dose.

Page last reviewed: 19 January 2022

Next review due: 19 January 2025

Prescription, Compatibility, Dosage, Side Effects

CONTRAINDICATIONS AVAILABLE. POSSIBLE SIDE EFFECTS. CONSULTATION OF A SPECIALIST IS REQUIRED. 011

  • Doxycycline: composition
  • Doxycycline: dosage
  • Doxycycline: prescription
  • Doxycycline: what helps
  • Doxycycline and Alcohol:
  • Doxycycline Side Effects
  • Amoxicillin and Doxycycline What’s the Difference:
  • Doxycycline and Tetracycline: What’s the Difference
  • Summary
  • Ask an Expert About the Article

According to WHO statistics, the total proportion of appointments antibiotics worldwide is approximately 40%. That is, compared to other drugs, these drugs are used much more often. Antibiotics and other antimicrobials play an important role in reducing morbidity and mortality in both humans and animals.

Pharmacist Kristina Khokhrina will tell you about one of these drugs – Doxycycline.

Doxycycline: composition

The preparation contains the active substance doxycycline hydrochloride. The medicine is available in the form of capsules. Auxiliary components are used for the production of this form:

  • lactose
  • starch
  • calcium stearate
  • quinoline yellow
  • titanium dioxide

The drug is also produced in the form of dispersible tablets – Doxycycline EXPRESS and Doxycycline Solution. The active substance of this form is doxycycline monohydrate.

Doxycycline ointment and Doxycycline in ampoules (injections) are not produced.

Doxycycline dosage

Doxycycline is available in a dosage of 100 mg. The drug can only be prescribed by a doctor.

We asked the pharmacist: “How to take Doxycycline?” Christina’s answer:

“The dosage and frequency of administration depends on the diagnosis and weight of the patient. The average daily dose is 200 mg on the first day (divided into 2 doses), then 100 mg per day. The doctor prescribes the dosage depending on the specific disease.

Doxycycline: prescription

Doxycycline is registered as an antibiotic in the Russian Medicines Register (RLS). The drug is released by prescription.

Doxycycline: what helps

The mechanism of action of Doxycycline is based on the fact that the drug penetrating deep into the cell, it acts on the causative agent of the disease.

Active against Streptococcus spp., Treponema spp., Staphylococcus spp., Klebsiella spp., Enterobacter spp. (including E. aerugenes), Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae, Chlamydia spp. , Mycoplasma spp., Ureaplasma urealyticum, Listeria monocytogenes, Rickettsia spp., Typhus exanthematicus, Escherichia coli, Shigella spp., Campylobacter fetus, Vibrio cholerae, Yersinia spp. (including Yersinia pestis), Brucella spp., Francisella tularensis, Bacillus anthracis, Bartonella bacilliformis, Pasteurella multocida, Borrelia recurrentis, Clostridium spp. (except Clostridium difficile), Actinomyces spp., Fusobacterium fusiforme, Calymmatobacterium granulomatosis, Propionibacterium acnes.

The drug is effective in many diseases.

Doxycycline is used for cystitis, prostatitis, pyelonephritis, urogenital infections (ureaplasma).

Also, the drug is prescribed for infections of the ENT organs and infections of the skin and soft tissues. Doxycycline is used for sore throat, pharyngitis, bronchitis and acne (acne).

The medicine is recommended for various diseases – malaria, whooping cough, sepsis, Lyme disease. Doctors prescribe doxycycline for a tick bite.

Doxycycline and alcohol:

Doxycycline tablets and capsules should not be taken together with alcohol, as the toxic effect of the drug on the liver is enhanced.

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Doxycycline: side effects

When using the drug, the following side effects are possible:

Disorders:

  • Blood and lymphatic system disorders
  • From the immune system
  • From the side of metabolism and nutrition
  • From the side of the nervous system
  • Vessel side
  • Liver side
  • Renal side
  • Musculoskeletal and connective tissue
  • Ringing in the ears
  • Nausea, vomiting
  • Stomatitis
  • Infectious and parasitic diseases: Candida vaginitis and candidiasis
  • Allergic reactions

Amoxicillin and Doxycycline what is the difference:

The drugs have different active ingredients and different mechanism of action.

Doxycycline has a bacteriostatic effect, that is, it temporarily inhibits the ability of microorganisms to reproduce in the body. Amoxicillin, on the other hand, causes their death.

The indications for these drugs are similar. Doxycycline has more side effects, is contraindicated for use in pregnant and lactating women. Amoxicillin can be taken by pregnant women only if the expected effect outweighs the risk to the fetus.

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Doxycycline and Tetracycline: what is the difference

Doxycycline is a synthetic derivative of tetracycline. Due to the fact that doxycycline is produced in the form of two salts in the composition (doxycycline hydrochloride and doxycycline monohydrate), the drug has a higher bioavailability and is better tolerated than tetracycline.

The indications of the drugs are similar, but Doxycycline has a wider spectrum of action.

Both drugs are contraindicated in pregnancy.