What is triclosan and where is it commonly found. How does triclosan impact human health and bacterial resistance. Are there any proven benefits of using triclosan in consumer products. How can consumers identify products containing triclosan. What actions is the FDA taking to evaluate triclosan safety.

Understanding Triclosan: A Controversial Antibacterial Agent

Triclosan is an antibacterial and antifungal agent that has been widely used in various consumer products for decades. Its primary purpose is to reduce or prevent bacterial contamination. However, recent studies have raised concerns about its safety and effectiveness, prompting regulatory bodies to reevaluate its use in everyday products.

Where is triclosan commonly found?

Triclosan can be found in a wide range of products, including:

• Antibacterial soaps and body washes
• Toothpastes
• Cosmetics
• Clothing
• Kitchenware
• Furniture
• Toys

It’s important to note that while the FDA regulates triclosan in personal care products and cosmetics, its use in other consumer goods falls outside the agency’s jurisdiction.

The Safety Concerns Surrounding Triclosan

As triclosan’s widespread use has come under scrutiny, several safety concerns have emerged. These issues have prompted researchers and regulatory bodies to investigate the potential risks associated with long-term exposure to this chemical.

Thyroid hormone disruption

Short-term animal studies have shown that exposure to high doses of triclosan may be associated with a decrease in thyroid hormone levels. However, the significance of these findings for human health remains unclear and requires further investigation.

Antibiotic resistance

Some studies have suggested that exposure to triclosan might contribute to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. This is a serious concern, given the global threat posed by antimicrobial resistance. However, more research is needed to fully assess the level of risk that triclosan poses in this regard.

Ongoing studies

Several studies are currently underway to investigate other potential health risks associated with triclosan exposure:

• A study examining the potential for developing skin cancer after long-term exposure to triclosan in animals
• Research on the potential breakdown of triclosan into other chemicals on human skin after exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays

These studies have not yet been completed, and their results will be crucial in further assessing the safety profile of triclosan.

The Efficacy of Triclosan in Consumer Products

While triclosan has been widely used in various products, its effectiveness in many applications has been called into question. Understanding where triclosan provides proven benefits and where it may be unnecessary is crucial for both consumers and manufacturers.

Proven benefits in dental care

In 1997, the FDA reviewed extensive data on the effectiveness of triclosan in Colgate Total toothpaste. The evidence demonstrated that triclosan in this product was effective in preventing gingivitis, providing a clear benefit to oral health.

Lack of evidence in other applications

For many other products, particularly over-the-counter (OTC) consumer antiseptic products, the FDA has not received sufficient evidence that triclosan provides any additional benefit compared to regular soap and water. This lack of proven efficacy has led to regulatory changes and a reassessment of triclosan’s use in these products.

Regulatory Actions and FDA Stance on Triclosan

In light of the safety concerns and lack of proven benefits in many applications, the FDA has taken several steps to regulate the use of triclosan in consumer products.

December 2017 FDA ruling

The FDA issued a final rule regarding certain OTC healthcare antiseptic products. As a result of this ruling:

• Companies are no longer allowed to use triclosan or 23 other active ingredients in these products without premarket review
• This decision was based on insufficient data regarding the safety and effectiveness of these ingredients

Ongoing review of hand sanitizers

The FDA has recently issued a final rule on OTC hand sanitizers and continues to review the three active ingredients commonly used in these products. This ongoing evaluation demonstrates the agency’s commitment to ensuring the safety and efficacy of widely used antiseptic products.

Identifying Triclosan in Consumer Products

Given the concerns surrounding triclosan, many consumers may wish to avoid products containing this ingredient. Fortunately, there are straightforward ways to identify whether a product contains triclosan.

How to check for triclosan in OTC drugs?

For over-the-counter drugs such as antibacterial soaps, body washes, and fluoride toothpastes:

1. Look for the Drug Facts box on the product label
2. Check the list of active ingredients
3. If triclosan is present, it should be listed as an ingredient

Identifying triclosan in cosmetics

For cosmetic products:

1. Locate the ingredient list on the product label
2. Scan the list for “triclosan”
3. Be aware that some products may use alternative names or related compounds

It’s important to note that due to public pressure and regulatory changes, many manufacturers have begun reformulating their products without triclosan. However, some retail outlets may still carry older formulations, so it’s always best to check the label.

Alternatives to Triclosan-Containing Products

As concerns about triclosan have grown, many consumers and manufacturers have sought alternatives that provide similar benefits without the potential risks.

Effective hand hygiene without triclosan

For general hand hygiene, the CDC recommends:

• Washing hands with plain soap and water for at least 20 seconds
• Using alcohol-based hand sanitizers with at least 60% alcohol when soap and water are not available

These methods are effective in reducing the spread of germs without relying on triclosan or other potentially problematic antibacterial agents.

Natural alternatives in personal care products

Many companies now offer personal care products that use natural antibacterial ingredients as alternatives to triclosan, such as:

• Tea tree oil
• Thyme oil
• Oregano oil
• Grapefruit seed extract

While these natural alternatives may provide antibacterial properties, it’s important to note that their effectiveness and safety profiles may vary. Consumers should research these ingredients and consult with healthcare professionals if they have concerns.

The Future of Triclosan in Consumer Products

As research continues and regulatory bodies reassess the use of triclosan, the landscape of antibacterial products is likely to evolve. Understanding these trends can help consumers make informed decisions about the products they use.

Shifting market trends

In response to consumer concerns and regulatory pressure, many manufacturers have begun to phase out triclosan from their products. This trend is likely to continue, with companies exploring alternative ingredients or focusing on the effectiveness of traditional soap and water for hand hygiene.

Ongoing research and regulation

The FDA has committed to continuing its review of triclosan’s safety and effectiveness. This ongoing evaluation includes:

• Monitoring and following the scientific literature on triclosan
• Reviewing safety and effectiveness data through OTC antiseptic rulemakings
• Assessing the results of ongoing studies on potential long-term health effects

As new data becomes available, it’s possible that further regulatory actions may be taken regarding the use of triclosan in consumer products.

Consumer awareness and choice

As information about triclosan becomes more widely available, consumers are likely to play a significant role in shaping the future of antibacterial products. Increased awareness may lead to:

• Greater demand for triclosan-free alternatives
• More scrutiny of product labels and ingredients
• A shift towards traditional hygiene methods and natural antibacterial ingredients

This consumer-driven change may accelerate the transition away from triclosan and similar synthetic antibacterial agents in everyday products.

Global Perspectives on Triclosan Regulation

While this article has focused primarily on the FDA’s stance and regulations in the United States, it’s important to consider that the use and regulation of triclosan vary across different countries and regions.

European Union regulations

The European Union has taken a more restrictive approach to triclosan:

• In 2016, the EU banned triclosan in hygiene products
• The ban covers products such as hand sanitizers, soaps, and toothpastes
• Triclosan is still allowed in some medical devices and other specific applications

This proactive stance reflects the EU’s precautionary approach to potentially harmful chemicals in consumer products.

Canadian regulations

Canada has also taken steps to limit triclosan use:

• In 2016, the Canadian government added triclosan to its list of toxic substances
• This decision was based on concerns about its effects on aquatic ecosystems
• While not an outright ban, this classification allows for stricter control of triclosan’s use and disposal

The Canadian approach highlights the environmental concerns associated with widespread triclosan use, in addition to potential human health impacts.

Developing countries and triclosan

In many developing countries, regulations on triclosan may be less stringent or less consistently enforced. This situation can lead to:

• Continued widespread use of triclosan in consumer products
• Potential for greater exposure to triclosan among populations in these countries
• Challenges in global efforts to address antimicrobial resistance

As the global community continues to grapple with the implications of triclosan use, there may be increasing pressure for more uniform international standards and regulations.

The Environmental Impact of Triclosan

While much of the discussion around triclosan has focused on its potential effects on human health, it’s crucial to consider the broader environmental implications of its widespread use.

Aquatic ecosystem effects

Triclosan can enter waterways through wastewater systems, leading to several concerns:

• Toxic effects on algae, which form the base of many aquatic food chains
• Potential bioaccumulation in fish and other aquatic organisms
• Disruption of natural microbial communities in water and sediment

These effects can have far-reaching consequences for aquatic ecosystems and the species that depend on them.

Soil contamination

Triclosan can also accumulate in soils, particularly when sewage sludge is used as fertilizer. This can lead to:

• Changes in soil microbial communities
• Potential uptake by plants, including food crops
• Long-term persistence in the environment due to triclosan’s stability

The environmental persistence of triclosan raises concerns about its long-term impact on terrestrial ecosystems.

Contribution to antibiotic resistance in the environment

The presence of triclosan in the environment may contribute to the development of antibiotic resistance in natural bacterial populations. This could have significant implications for both environmental and human health, as resistant bacteria in the environment can potentially transfer resistance genes to human pathogens.

As research continues to uncover the complex interactions between triclosan and the environment, it’s likely that environmental concerns will play an increasingly important role in shaping policies and regulations surrounding its use.

The Role of Industry in Triclosan Use and Alternatives

The manufacturing and personal care industries play a crucial role in the use of triclosan and the development of alternatives. As public awareness and regulatory scrutiny increase, many companies are reassessing their use of this controversial ingredient.

Industry response to concerns

Many manufacturers have taken proactive steps in response to triclosan concerns:

• Reformulating products to remove triclosan
• Investing in research and development of alternative antibacterial agents
• Improving transparency in ingredient labeling

These actions reflect a growing recognition of consumer preferences for safer and more environmentally friendly products.

Innovation in antibacterial alternatives

The push to find alternatives to triclosan has spurred innovation in the personal care industry:

• Development of new synthetic antibacterial compounds with improved safety profiles
• Exploration of natural antibacterial ingredients derived from plants and other sources
• Research into novel technologies for preventing bacterial growth without traditional antibacterial agents

This innovation not only addresses concerns about triclosan but also has the potential to create more effective and sustainable antibacterial products.

Challenges in transitioning away from triclosan

Despite the trend away from triclosan, some challenges remain for industry:

• Ensuring the efficacy of alternative ingredients or formulations
• Managing consumer expectations regarding antibacterial properties
• Balancing cost considerations with the need for safer alternatives

Addressing these challenges will be crucial for the successful transition to triclosan-free products across various industries.

As the debate over triclosan continues, it’s clear that its use in consumer products is undergoing significant changes. From regulatory actions and safety concerns to environmental impacts and industry responses, the landscape of antibacterial products is evolving rapidly. Consumers, manufacturers, and regulatory bodies all have important roles to play in shaping the future of hand hygiene and antibacterial product formulations. By staying informed about the latest research and developments, individuals can make more conscious choices about the products they use, while contributing to broader efforts to ensure public health and environmental safety.

5 Things to Know About Triclosan

Does the product contain triclosan? On over-the-counter drug products, read the ingredients on the Drug Facts label. On cosmetics, read the list of ingredients.

What Is Triclosan?

Triclosan is an ingredient added to many consumer products intended to reduce or prevent bacterial contamination. It is added to some antibacterial soaps and body washes, toothpastes, and some cosmetics—products regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). It also can be found in clothing, kitchenware, furniture, and toys—products not regulated by the FDA.

How Safe Is Triclosan?

Some short-term animal studies have shown that exposure to high doses of triclosan is associated with a decrease in the levels of some thyroid hormones. But we don’t know the significance of those findings to human health. Other studies have raised the possibility that exposure to triclosan contributes to making bacteria resistant to antibiotics. At this time, we don’t have enough information available to assess the level of risk that triclosan poses for the development of antibiotic resistance.

There are other ongoing studies that involve the safety of triclosan. One is a study investigating the potential of developing skin cancer after a long-term exposure to triclosan in animals. Another is a study on the potential breakdown of triclosan to other chemicals on human skin after exposure to triclosan to ultraviolet (UV) rays. At this time, neither study has been completed.

Are There Benefits of Triclosan?

For some consumer products, there is evidence that triclosan provides a benefit. In 1997, FDA reviewed extensive effectiveness data on triclosan in Colgate Total toothpaste. The evidence showed that triclosan in that product was effective in preventing gingivitis.

For other products, such as over-the-counter (OTC) consumer antiseptic products, FDA has not received evidence that triclosan provides a benefit to human health. At this time, FDA doesn’t have evidence that triclosan in OTC consumer antibacterial soaps and body washes provides any benefit over washing with regular soap and water.

In December 2017, the FDA issued a final rule regarding certain OTC health-care antiseptic products. As a result, companies will not be able to use triclosan or 23 other active ingredients in these products without premarket review due to insufficient data regarding their safety and effectiveness. The FDA recently issued a final rule on OTC hand sanitizers and will continue to review the three active ingredients commonly used in hand sanitizers.

How Can I Tell if There Is Triclosan in a Product?

Antibacterial soaps and body washes, and fluoride toothpastes are considered OTC drugs. If an OTC drug contains triclosan, it should be listed as an ingredient on the label, in the Drug Facts box. If a cosmetic contains triclosan, it should be included in the ingredient list on the product label.

What Is FDA Doing to Evaluate the Safety of Triclosan?

FDA has been reviewing safety and effectiveness data on triclosan in the agency’s OTC antiseptic rulemakings. FDA will also continue to monitor and follow the scientific literature available for the safety and effectiveness of triclosan.

For more information on consumer antiseptic washes, see the final rule.

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Products Containing Triclosan — Beyond Pesticides

DISCLAIMER: Due to public pressure, many major manufacturers have quietly begun reformulating their products without triclosan. Product formulations may change without notice. Below is a small sampling of products formulated with, or used to be formulated with triclosan and is not to be considered a comprehensive list. Remember to always refer to product labels to determine whether triclosan is contained in your product. Some retail outlets may still carry older formulations. Look out for labels that state: “antimicrobial protection.” Some antibacterial soaps may use triclosan’s cousin, triclocarban, in place of triclosan.

Soap: Dial® Liquid handsoap and bodywash; Tea Tree Therapy™ Liquid Soap; Clearasil® Daily Face Wash; Dermalogica® Skin Purifying Wipes; DermaKleen™ Antibacterial Lotion Soap; CVS Antibacterial Soap, Ajax Antibacterial Dishsoap, Kimcare Antibacterial Clear Soap, Bath and Body Works Antibacterial Hand Soaps, Gels and Foaming Sanitizers.

Dental Care: Colgate Total®; Breeze™ Daily Mouthwash; Reach® Antibacterial Toothbrush

Cosmetics: Garden Botanika® Powder Foundation; Mavala Lip Base; Movate® Skin Litening Cream HQ; Paul Mitchell Detangler Comb, Revlon ColorStay LipSHINE Lipcolor Plus Gloss, Babor Volume Mascara, Phytomer Perfect Visage Gentle Cleansing Milk, Phytomer Hydracontinue Instant Moisture Cream, Bath and Body Works Antibacterial Moisturizing Lotions.

Deodorant: Arm and Hammer® Essentials Natural Deodorant; Queen Helene® Tea Trea Oil Deodorant and Aloe Deodorant; DeCleor Deodorant Stick; Epoch® Deodorant with Citrisomes.

First Aid: SyDERMA® Skin Protectant plus First Aid Antiseptic; Healwell Plantar Fasciitis Night Splint; Solarcaine® First Aid Medicated Spray; Nexcare™ First Aid, Skin Crack Care; : Universal Cervical Collar with Microban.

Kitchenware: Farberware® Microban Cutting Boards; Franklin Machine Products FMP Ice Cream Scoop SZ 20 Microban; Hobart Semi-Automatic Slicer; Chix® Food Service Wipes with Microban; Compact Web Foot® Wet Mop Heads.

Other Personal Care Products: Murad Acne Complex® Kit, ®; Diabet-x™ Cream; Scunci Microban Comb, Sportslick Pocket Slick.

Clothes: Biofresh® socks, undergarments, tops and bottoms.

Office and School Products: Ticonderoga® Pencils with Microban Protection, Avery® Touchgaurd View Binders, C-line® products, Clauss® cutting instruments, Costco® products, Sharp® printing calculators. Westcott® scissors

Other: Bionare® Cool Mist Humidifier; Deciguard AB® Antimicrobial Ear Plugs; Bauer® Re-Akt hockey helmet and 7500 hockey helment; Miller Paint Acro Pure Interior Paint; Holmes Foot Buddy™ HMh220U Antimicrobial Foot Buddy Foot Warmer, Blue Mountain Wall Coverings, California Paints®, Davis Paint® Perfection, Hirschfield’s Paint®,O’Leary Paint®, EHC AMRail Escalator Handrails, Dupont™ Air Filters, Winix Dehumidifiers, J Cloth® towels, select Quickie cleaning products, Kimberly Clark® WYPALL X80 Towels, Canopy® kitchen towels, ALUF Plastics®, BioEars earplugs, Petmate® LeBistro feeders and waterers, Infantino cart covers and baby carriers, Oreck XL®, Bissell Healthy Home Vacuum™, NuTone® Central Vacuum systems, Rival® Seal-A-Meal® Vacuum Food Sealer, CleenFreek SportsHygiene Yoga Mat, Resilite Sports Products, Rubbermaid® Coolers, Stufitts sports gear, Venture Products® fitness mats, Custom Building Products, DAP®Kwik Seal Plus®, Laticrete, Niasa Biquichamp® mortar grout and sealant, ProAdvanced Products.

For more information on products containing Microban, the antibacterial product containing triclosan go to their webpage.

JMS Triclosept – Liquid hand sanitizer with triclosan

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• JMS Triclosept – Liquid hand sanitizer with triclosan

	Conforms to WHO recommendations. Kills the full spectrum of bacteria, viruses and fungi in 30 seconds
	Contains up to 70% isopropyl alcohol
	HAND SAFE. Contains tea tree oil, coconut oil and glycerin to nourish the skin and protect it from excessive drying
	Does not require rinsing, does not leave a sticky feeling. Suitable for daily use
	Wholesale prices and flexible delivery terms
	Contract manufacturing

Purpose

Neutral concentrated disinfectant (antiseptic) based on isopropyl alcohol and triclosan. Contains glycerin, coconut oil and tea tree oil to nourish hand skin and protect it from drying out.

Used for washing and antiseptic treatment of the skin of the hands of working personnel, for filling sanitary checkpoints, for processing sanitary rugs, soft toys, upholstered and hard furniture, floors and equipment. The product kills the entire spectrum of microbes and bacteria, eliminates strong odors.

Recommended for use in medical, children’s institutions, food industry (dairy, meat, fish processing, etc. ), public catering and at home.

Features

How to use

Ready to use. In medical institutions, it is used for washing and antibacterial treatment of hands, as well as disinfection of various surfaces and objects. It is refilled into dispensers, sanitary checkpoints, applied to disinfection barrier mats.

The product is concentrated, when used outside of medicine, if desired, it can be diluted with water at the rate of 1 part of the product to 3 parts of water.

For hand sanitizer, apply to clean hands, spread evenly and rub thoroughly for 2-3 minutes, including between fingers. If desired, you can rinse with water, but the product is safe for the skin of the hands.

When disinfecting surfaces and objects with a sprayer, evenly apply a thin layer of the agent over the object to be treated (slippers, upholstered and hard furniture, floors, equipment, etc.), if desired, the agent can be washed off with water after 5-10 minutes.

Remains effective in cold water. Does not dry out hands, suitable for daily use.

Precautions

Do not ingest! Avoid contact with eyes! Keep away from children! Use only as directed! Do not mix with other products! May ignite, keep away from fire and excessive heat!

In case of contact with eyes and mucous membranes, rinse with plenty of water. Seek medical attention if necessary.

TU9144-001-98205538-2006 with amendment 1

Storage

-5°C to +40°C in dry warehouses, out of direct sunlight.

Warranty period of storage – 36 months in a closed original container. After defrosting, it retains its properties. When stratified, the solution must be mixed before use. After the expiration date, dispose of as household waste.

Composition

Mild surfactant composition (c-surfactant 2-10%, n-surfactant <5%), isopropyl alcohol 50-70%, triclosan, tea tree oil, glycerin, coconut oil, antibacterial complex, fragrance, water.

ZhMS “Triclobact”.

Liquid hand soap with triclosan 500ml (with dispenser)

• Description

Purpose:

Neutral foam antibacterial toilet soap with a disinfectant effect. Contains mild surfactants, triclosan, allantoin glycerin, coconut oil, special antiseptic and moisturizing additives that moisturize and protect the skin of the hands from drying out, kill bacteria, give hands a clean and fresh scent. Suitable for daily washing of hands contaminated with oil and fat and protein food residues, removes combined dirt, eliminates pungent odors.

Recommended for use in medical, children’s institutions, food industry (dairy, meat, fish processing, etc.), public catering and at home.

Features:

Appearance	Colored gel liquid
Density, kg/m3(20°С)	900-1150
pH -100% solution (20°C)	4. 5-7.5
pH -1% solution (20°C) in distilled water	3.5-6.0
Surfactants in %, not less than	12

Application:

Attention! Shake well before use!

Used for washing and antibacterial treatment of hands in finished form, refilled into dispensers. Apply a small amount of soap to wet hands, spread evenly until foam forms. Wash off with warm water.

The agent removes any protein, fat and combined contamination, eliminates strong odors, kills bacteria and fungi. Does not dry hands, effective in cold water, suitable for daily use.

Precautions:

Do not ingest! Use only as directed! Do not mix with other products! Avoid contact with eyes! Keep away from children! At hit of means on a mucous membrane immediately to wash out water. Seek medical attention if necessary.

Storage:

From -5° C to +40° C in dry warehouses, protected from direct sunlight.