What are the primary uses of albuterol. How long do albuterol side effects typically last. Is albuterol a steroid medication. What should you know about albuterol expiration and proper storage. How to use an albuterol inhaler correctly. What are the potential long-term effects of albuterol use. Does albuterol affect blood pressure.

Understanding Albuterol: A Powerful Bronchodilator

Albuterol is a widely prescribed medication used to treat various respiratory conditions. As a beta-2 agonist, it acts as a bronchodilator, helping to open up the airways in the lungs and making breathing easier for those with asthma and other pulmonary disorders.

Is albuterol a steroid? No, albuterol is not a steroid medication. It belongs to a different class of drugs called beta-2 agonists, which work by relaxing the smooth muscles in the airways.

Primary Uses of Albuterol

• Treating acute asthma attacks
• Managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
• Preventing exercise-induced bronchospasm
• Relieving symptoms of bronchitis
• Addressing other respiratory conditions causing breathing difficulties

Albuterol’s versatility makes it a valuable tool in managing various respiratory issues, providing quick relief to patients struggling with breathing difficulties.

Albuterol Administration: Forms and Proper Usage

Albuterol comes in several forms, each designed for specific needs and preferences. The most common forms include:

• Metered-dose inhalers (MDIs)
• Dry powder inhalers
• Nebulizer solutions
• Oral tablets (immediate-release and extended-release)

How should you use an albuterol inhaler correctly? Follow these steps for proper usage:

1. Shake the inhaler well before use
2. Exhale fully
3. Place the mouthpiece in your mouth, sealing your lips around it
4. Begin to inhale slowly and deeply while pressing down on the canister
5. Continue inhaling for 3-5 seconds
6. Hold your breath for 10 seconds, then exhale slowly
7. Wait at least 1 minute before taking a second puff if prescribed

Using a spacer device can improve medication delivery and reduce side effects. For nebulizer use, follow the manufacturer’s instructions carefully.

Albuterol Side Effects: What to Expect

While albuterol is generally well-tolerated, it can cause various side effects. Understanding these potential reactions is crucial for patients and caregivers.

Common Side Effects

• Nervousness or anxiety
• Tremors, especially in the hands
• Headache
• Throat irritation
• Increased heart rate
• Muscle cramps

Serious Side Effects

While rare, some users may experience more severe reactions, including:

• Chest pain
• Irregular heartbeat
• Severe dizziness
• Allergic reactions (rash, swelling, difficulty breathing)

How long do albuterol side effects typically last? Most side effects from inhaled albuterol subside within 2 to 6 hours. For oral tablets, effects may persist for 4 to 6 hours with immediate-release formulations and 8 to 12 hours with extended-release versions.

Long-Term Albuterol Use: Safety and Considerations

Are there any long-term side effects associated with albuterol use? When used as prescribed, albuterol is generally safe for long-term management of respiratory conditions. However, overuse or misuse can lead to:

• Increased tolerance, requiring higher doses for the same effect
• Paradoxical bronchospasm (worsening of asthma symptoms)
• Potential for dependence on quick-relief medications
• Masking of underlying condition worsening

Regular check-ups with healthcare providers are essential to monitor long-term albuterol use and adjust treatment plans as needed.

Albuterol and Blood Pressure: Understanding the Connection

Does albuterol raise blood pressure? While not a common side effect, albuterol can potentially cause a temporary increase in blood pressure in some users. This effect is usually mild and short-lived, resolving within 2 to 6 hours after use.

Patients with pre-existing cardiovascular conditions should consult their healthcare provider about potential risks and monitoring needs when using albuterol.

Albuterol Expiration and Storage: Ensuring Medication Efficacy

Does albuterol expire? Yes, like all medications, albuterol has an expiration date. Typically, albuterol inhalers remain effective for about one year from the date of first use or the pharmacy pick-up date, whichever comes first.

Proper Storage Tips

• Store at room temperature, away from direct sunlight and heat
• Keep away from moisture
• Always replace the cap on the mouthpiece after use
• Check the dose counter regularly and replace the inhaler when it reaches zero

Can you use an expired albuterol inhaler in an emergency? While not ideal, an expired albuterol inhaler may still provide some relief in a severe emergency. However, it’s crucial to seek immediate medical attention and replace the expired medication as soon as possible.

Preventing Albuterol Overdose: Safety Measures and Precautions

While albuterol is generally safe when used as directed, an overdose can occur, leading to potentially serious complications. Understanding the risks and proper usage is crucial for patient safety.

Symptoms of Albuterol Overdose

• Severe tremors or muscle spasms
• Chest pain or palpitations
• Extreme nervousness or agitation
• Seizures
• Low potassium levels (hypokalemia)
• Elevated or lowered blood sugar levels

How can you prevent an albuterol overdose? Follow these guidelines:

1. Adhere strictly to prescribed dosages and frequency
2. Use a spacer device with your inhaler to improve medication delivery
3. Keep track of your inhaler usage with a dose counter or log
4. Avoid sharing your inhaler with others
5. Consult your healthcare provider if you find yourself using your rescue inhaler more frequently than usual

If you suspect an overdose, seek immediate medical attention or contact your local poison control center.

Albuterol Interactions: Medications and Substances to Watch

Albuterol can interact with various medications and substances, potentially altering its effectiveness or increasing the risk of side effects. Being aware of these interactions is crucial for safe and effective treatment.

Common Drug Interactions

• Beta-blockers (e.g., propranolol, metoprolol): May reduce albuterol’s effectiveness
• Diuretics (e.g., furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide): Can increase the risk of hypokalemia
• Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs): May cause severe hypertension when used with albuterol
• Other beta-2 agonists: Can lead to overdose symptoms if used together
• Tricyclic antidepressants: May potentiate cardiovascular effects of albuterol

Always inform your healthcare provider about all medications, supplements, and herbal products you are taking to avoid potential interactions.

Caffeine and Albuterol

Does caffeine interact with albuterol? While not a direct interaction, both caffeine and albuterol can cause similar stimulant effects. Combining them may increase the likelihood of experiencing side effects such as tremors, nervousness, and increased heart rate. Patients using albuterol regularly should moderate their caffeine intake and discuss any concerns with their healthcare provider.

Special Populations and Albuterol Use

Albuterol’s safety and efficacy can vary among different patient groups. Understanding these nuances is essential for optimal treatment outcomes.

Albuterol in Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Is albuterol safe during pregnancy? Albuterol is generally considered safe for use during pregnancy, classified as FDA Pregnancy Category C. This means that while animal studies have shown some adverse effects, the potential benefits may outweigh the risks in humans. Pregnant women should consult their healthcare provider to determine the most appropriate asthma management plan.

Can breastfeeding mothers use albuterol? Yes, albuterol is considered compatible with breastfeeding. The amount of medication that passes into breast milk is minimal and unlikely to cause harm to the nursing infant. However, as with any medication, it’s important to discuss its use with a healthcare provider.

Pediatric Use of Albuterol

Albuterol is approved for use in children, but dosage and administration methods may differ from adult recommendations. Children may be more susceptible to certain side effects, such as excitability. Close monitoring and proper education on inhaler technique are crucial for pediatric patients.

Geriatric Considerations

Older adults may be more sensitive to albuterol’s effects, particularly cardiovascular side effects. They may also have a higher risk of drug interactions due to multiple medications. Careful dosing and monitoring are essential in this population.

Alternative Treatments and Complementary Approaches

While albuterol is a highly effective medication for managing respiratory conditions, some patients may seek alternative or complementary approaches to enhance their overall lung health and reduce reliance on rescue medications.

Non-Pharmacological Interventions

• Breathing exercises (e.g., pursed-lip breathing, diaphragmatic breathing)
• Regular physical activity to improve lung function
• Stress reduction techniques like meditation or yoga
• Avoiding triggers (e.g., allergens, irritants)
• Maintaining a healthy weight

Complementary Therapies

Some patients find relief through complementary therapies, although scientific evidence for their efficacy varies:

• Acupuncture
• Herbal supplements (e.g., butterbur, boswellia)
• Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation
• Vitamin D supplementation (especially in deficient individuals)

It’s crucial to discuss any alternative or complementary approaches with a healthcare provider before incorporating them into your treatment plan, as some may interact with albuterol or other medications.

Albuterol and Exercise: Maximizing Benefits and Minimizing Risks

Albuterol plays a significant role in managing exercise-induced bronchospasm (EIB) and enabling individuals with respiratory conditions to participate in physical activities safely.

Pre-Exercise Use of Albuterol

How should you use albuterol before exercise? For preventing EIB, it’s typically recommended to use albuterol 15-30 minutes before exercise. This pre-emptive use can help keep airways open during physical activity.

• Take 1-2 puffs of albuterol 15-30 minutes before starting exercise
• Ensure proper inhaler technique for maximum benefit
• Be aware that the protective effect may last 2-4 hours

Monitoring During Exercise

Even with pre-exercise albuterol use, it’s important to monitor symptoms during physical activity:

• Be aware of any persistent coughing, wheezing, or shortness of breath
• Have your rescue inhaler readily available during exercise
• Consider using a peak flow meter before and after exercise to track lung function

Regular exercise can improve overall lung function and reduce the frequency of asthma symptoms over time. Working with a healthcare provider to develop a safe exercise plan is crucial for individuals with respiratory conditions.

Albuterol in Emergency Situations: What You Need to Know

Understanding how to use albuterol in emergency situations can be life-saving. While it’s crucial to seek professional medical help in severe cases, knowing how to manage acute symptoms can provide critical relief.

Recognizing a Severe Asthma Attack

Signs of a severe asthma attack requiring immediate attention include:

• Severe shortness of breath, even at rest
• Inability to speak in full sentences
• Bluish tint to lips or fingernails
• Rapid breathing and increased heart rate
• Confusion or altered mental state

Emergency Use of Albuterol

In an emergency situation:

1. Use your albuterol inhaler immediately, following your asthma action plan
2. If symptoms persist, you may need to take additional doses as per your emergency plan
3. Seek emergency medical attention if symptoms do not improve after using albuterol
4. If available, use a spacer device to improve medication delivery

Remember, frequent use of albuterol for symptom relief may indicate poor asthma control. Consult your healthcare provider to reassess and potentially adjust your long-term management plan.

Future Developments in Asthma Treatment: Beyond Albuterol

While albuterol remains a cornerstone in asthma management, ongoing research continues to explore new treatment options and improved delivery methods for respiratory medications.

Emerging Therapies

• Biologics targeting specific inflammatory pathways in severe asthma
• Gene therapy approaches to modify the underlying causes of asthma
• Novel bronchodilators with longer-acting effects
• Combination therapies that address multiple aspects of asthma pathophysiology

Advancements in Delivery Systems

Innovations in inhaler technology aim to improve medication delivery and patient adherence:

• Smart inhalers with dose tracking and reminder functions
• Breath-actuated inhalers that release medication only upon inhalation
• Soft mist inhalers for improved lung deposition
• Digital health platforms integrating inhaler use with overall asthma management

As research progresses, the landscape of asthma treatment continues to evolve, potentially offering more personalized and effective options for patients with respiratory conditions.

What You Should Know About Albuterol: Use, Expiration, Side Effects, and Safety Considerations

The Bottom Line

Albuterol is a medication used to treat asthma and other lung conditions. In an overdose, albuterol can cause muscle spasms, tremor, high blood pressure, low potassium, and high or low blood sugar. To avoid an overdose, take your albuterol as directed.

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What is albuterol used for?

Albuterol is used to help with breathing difficulties, coughing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and other medical conditions related to the lungs, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Albuterol can also be taken before or during exercise to prevent exercise-induced asthma. Albuterol is available in different forms and can be used in both children and adults.

Is albuterol a steroid?

Albuterol is not a steroid medication. It belongs to a class of medications known as beta-2 agonists, or bronchodilators, which help open the tubes in the lungs making it easier to breathe.

Does albuterol expire?

Albuterol, like most medications, does have an expiration date. Medications have expiration dates because they tend to be less effective over time. The expiration date for albuterol is about one year from being picked up from a pharmacy and its first use. Make sure to store an albuterol inhaler at room temperature and away from heat, light, and moisture, and to recap the mouthpiece to help keep the medication from expiring early. Most albuterol inhalers also have a counter that show how many doses are left in the device. If the dial reaches zero it should also be discarded. During a medical emergency an expired albuterol inhaler can be used if there are no other options; however, a new inhaler should be used if possible and emergency services should be called to help manage the situation.

How to use an albuterol inhaler

Albuterol is available as a liquid or a powder that is breathed in from a device called an inhaler. You can also use a spacer with an albuterol inhaler. A spacer holds the medicine in place in a chamber so it’s easier to breathe it in. Albuterol may also be used with a nebulizer.

What are albuterol’s side effects?

The most common side effects of albuterol inhalation are nervousness, bronchospasm/coughing, throat irritation, nasal irritation, upper respiratory tract infection, excitability, and tremor (frequency increases with age). Serious side effects that should be reported to your physician or pharmacist are uncontrollable shaking, rash, fast heartbeat, chest pain, itching, swelling of the face, throat, tongue, lips, eyes, hands, feet, ankles, or legs, increased difficulty breathing difficulty swallowing, or throat hoarseness. Certain side effects are more likely to happen in different age groups, such as tremor being more likely to occur in older populations and excitability to occur in children. Albuterol also comes in tablets, which have a higher likelihood of causing side effects. If you experience severe side effects from either albuterol tablets or an albuterol inhaler, call poison control or contact emergency services.

How long do albuterol side effects last?

Side effects from albuterol inhalation can last 2 to 6 hours, depending on how many puffs of the inhaler were taken. Albuterol is also available in oral tablets, and the side effects from these tablets can last 4to 6 hours for the immediate-release form and 8 to 12 hours for the extended-release form. 

Are there any long-term side effects associated with albuterol?

Albuterol is a medication that is well-tolerated over long periods of time in patients. Different studies have been performed looking into the safety of albuterol inhalers and found that, in both adults and children, albuterol is a safe medication when used appropriately. Overuse of albuterol has been shown to cause dependence and other effects such as increased days with asthma symptoms, increased asthma attacks, and overall worsening of asthma. Dependence on albuterol metered dose inhalers can also cause hallucinations and aggressive behavior, but this may be caused by the propellant.

Does albuterol raise blood pressure?

Albuterol can raise blood pressure when taken, however this side effect is rare. If you experience high blood pressure while taking albuterol, it should resolve in 2 to 6 hours. However, if you become dizzy or lightheaded and are experiencing high blood pressure, call poison control or contact emergency services.

Is albuterol safe to use during pregnancy?

Albuterol has been extensively studied in pregnant patients and has been found to be safe to use during pregnancy. Albuterol treats conditions such as asthma, which when not properly controlled, increases the risk for severe pregnancy complications. Albuterol can also be used to prevent preterm labor, though it works best when trying to delay for shorter periods of time. If you have asthma or suspect you might have asthma or another lung condition, and are pregnant, or planning on becoming pregnant, it is important to let your physician know so they can prescribe an asthma-controlling medication, like albuterol, to protect you and your baby.

What are albuterol overdose symptoms?

Some symptoms of albuterol overdose are chest tightness, shallow or rapid breathing, wheezing, blurred vision, chest pain, rapid heartbeat, tingling of the hands or feet, tremors, and seizures. An albuterol overdose can also cause high or low blood sugar, and low potassium levels. Overdose may be minor and symptoms manageable at home or it can have more serious effects that require medical attention. If your symptoms are severe or unexpected, seek help from Poison Control or emergency services.

What to do if you take too much albuterol

If you take too much albuterol or experience adverse or unexpected symptoms from an albuterol inhaler or tablets, get guidance from Poison Control immediately. Poison Control help is available online at webPOISONCONTROL and by phone at 1-800-222-1222. Both options are free, confidential, and available 24 hours a day.

Damon Alvarez, BA, BSPS
Fourth-Year Student Pharmacist, Doctor of Pharmacy Class of 2023

Poisoned?

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1-800-222-1222


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Prevention Tips

• Store medicines in a cool, dry place away from light and moisture; do not store in a bathroom medicine cabinet. 
• Store medicines up, away, and out of sight of children. For albuterol inhalers, store with the mouthpiece down and away from open flame or heat. 
• Do not puncture the canister as it is under extreme pressure.

This Really Happened

Case 1: An 18-month-old infant with an albuterol overdose, experienced high blood sugar, low potassium, rapid heartbeat, and extreme fussiness. The medical team was able to manage the overdose  in the emergency department and the infant made a full recovery with supportive care.

Case 2: A 16-year-old took 15 puffs of her inhaler while having an asthma attack and had to be admitted to the hospital. She had a fast heartbeat, low potassium, confusion, and other abnormal blood tests. The patient was managed at the hospital and was given supportive medications and was discharged six hours later when her symptoms resolved.

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For More Information

Albuterol (Inhalation Route) (Mayo Clinic)

Albuterol (Inhalation Route) Proper Use (Mayo Clinic)

References

Gerald JK, Carr TF, Wei CY, Holbrook JT, Gerald LB. Albuterol Overuse: A Marker of Psychological Distress? J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2015 Nov-Dec;3(6):957-62. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2015.06.021. Epub 2015 Sep 1. PMID: 26341049; PMCID: PMC4641773.

Glatstein MM, Rimon A, Koren L, Marom R, Danino D, Scolnik D. Unintentional oral beta agonist overdose: case report and review of the literature. Am J Ther. 2013 May-Jun;20(3):311-4. doi: 10.1097/MJT.0b013e3182002f2d. PMID: 21317628.

How to use an inhaler – with spacer: Medlineplus medical encyclopedia [Internet]. MedlinePlus. U.S. National Library of Medicine; 2022 [cited 2022 Jul 27].

Mayo Clinic. Albuterol (Inhalation Route) Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/albuterol-inhalation-route/proper-use/drg-20073536. 

Pocket guide for asthma management and prevention [Internet]. Global Initiative for Asthma: A Pocket Guide for Health Professionals . GINA; 2020 [cited 2022 Jul 25].

Raphael G, Taveras H, Iverson H, O’Brien C, Miller D. Twelve- and 52-week safety of albuterol multidose dry powder inhaler in patients with persistent asthma. J Asthma. 2016;53(2):187-93. doi: 10.3109/02770903.2015.1070862. Epub 2015 Sep 15. PMID: 26369589; PMCID: PMC4819808.

Zheng B, Yadav K. Acute salbutamol toxicity in the emergency department: A case report. World J Emerg Med. 2021;12(1):73-75. doi: 10.5847/wjem.j.1920-8642.2021.01.012. PMID: 33505554; PMCID: PMC7790705.

Poisoned?

Call


1-800-222-1222


or

HELP ME online

Prevention Tips

• Store medicines in a cool, dry place away from light and moisture; do not store in a bathroom medicine cabinet. 
• Store medicines up, away, and out of sight of children. For albuterol inhalers, store with the mouthpiece down and away from open flame or heat. 
• Do not puncture the canister as it is under extreme pressure.

This Really Happened

Case 1: An 18-month-old infant with an albuterol overdose, experienced high blood sugar, low potassium, rapid heartbeat, and extreme fussiness. The medical team was able to manage the overdose  in the emergency department and the infant made a full recovery with supportive care.

Case 2: A 16-year-old took 15 puffs of her inhaler while having an asthma attack and had to be admitted to the hospital. She had a fast heartbeat, low potassium, confusion, and other abnormal blood tests. The patient was managed at the hospital and was given supportive medications and was discharged six hours later when her symptoms resolved.

Side Effects and How to Manage Them

Albuterol is a generic prescription drug that’s used to treat bronchospasm in certain situations. It’s also available as the brand-name drug Ventolin HFA. Albuterol can cause side effects (also called adverse effects) that range from mild to serious. Examples include dizziness, headache, and fast heart rate.

Albuterol is used in adults and certain children to treat:

• bronchospasm (wheezing or difficulty breathing that gets worse) in people with conditions such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
• bronchospasm caused by exercise (also called exercise-induced asthma)

Keep reading to learn about the common, mild, and serious side effects that albuterol can cause. For a general overview of the drug, including details about its uses, see this article.

Some people may experience mild to serious side effects during their albuterol treatment. Examples of albuterol’s commonly reported side effects include:

• sore throat
• dizziness*
• chest pain
• headache*
• fast heart rate
• shakiness
• nervousness
• runny nose

* To learn more about this side effect, see the “Side effects explained” section below.

Some people who take albuterol experience mild side effects. These usually go away on their own over time.

Examples of mild side effects that have been reported with albuterol include:

• ear pain
• trouble breathing
• runny nose
• anxiety
• shakiness
• nervousness
• dizziness*
• sore throat
• headache*
• diarrhea
• infection
• mild allergic reaction*

* To learn more about this side effect, see the “Side effects explained” section below.

In most cases, these side effects should be temporary. And some may be easily managed. But if you have any symptoms that are ongoing or bother you, talk with your doctor or pharmacist. And do not stop using albuterol unless your doctor recommends it.

Albuterol may cause mild side effects other than the ones listed above. See the drug’s prescribing information for details.

Note: After the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approves a drug, it tracks side effects of the medication. If you’d like to notify the FDA about a side effect you’ve had with albuterol, visit MedWatch.

Some people who take albuterol may experience serious side effects.

Serious side effects that have been reported with albuterol include:

• fast heart rate
• increased blood pressure*
• chest pain
• tremor
• paradoxical bronchospasm*
• abnormal heart rhythm
• severe allergic reaction†

* This side effect was not reported during studies of the drug. But it has been reported after the drug became available for use.
† To learn more about this side effect, see the “Side effects explained” section below.

If you develop serious side effects while taking albuterol, call your doctor right away. If the side effects seem life threatening or you think you’re having a medical emergency, immediately call 911 or your local emergency number.

Albuterol may cause serious side effects other than the ones listed above. See the drug’s prescribing information for details.

Get answers to some frequently asked questions about albuterol’s side effects.

Do the albuterol aerosol inhaler and the albuterol nebulizer have different side effects?

No, the albuterol aerosol inhaler and the albuterol nebulizer have the same side effects. The inhaler and nebulizer are two different devices used to inhale the same drug.

If you have questions about which form of albuterol may be a better fit for you, talk with your doctor.

Do older adults have a higher risk of side effects with albuterol?

No. In studies of albuterol, older adults (ages 65 years and older) didn’t have a higher risk of side effects.

Your body eliminates albuterol through your kidneys, and older adults are more likely to have decreased kidney function. So in general, people in this age group may have a higher risk of side effects from drugs that are broken down by the kidneys.

If you’re age 65 years or older, your doctor may test your kidney function before prescribing albuterol.

Does albuterol cause hyperkalemia (high potassium levels)?

No, albuterol does not cause high potassium levels. But it may cause low potassium levels. This side effect was not seen in studies of albuterol. It’s been reported after the drug became available for use, but it’s not clear how often this has occurred or if albuterol was the cause.

Low potassium levels are more common in people who have certain medical conditions. They’re also more common in people who take other drugs that also decrease potassium, such as furosemide (Lasix).

Symptoms of low potassium levels include:

• abnormal heart rhythm
• fatigue (low energy)
• muscle cramps

If you’re concerned about changes in your potassium levels while using albuterol, talk with your doctor.

Does albuterol cause any long-term side effects?

It’s possible. In most cases, side effects from albuterol are temporary, or they go away once you stop using the drug.

But certain serious side effects from albuterol, such as abnormal heart rhythm, can have long-term effects.

Before starting albuterol treatment, talk with your doctor about your health history. Your doctor can determine whether albuterol is right for you.

Learn more about some of the side effects albuterol may cause.

Headache

Albuterol may cause headache in some people. This was a common side effect in studies of the drug.

Symptoms of headache may include:

• pain that is throbbing, sharp, or dull
• pressure in your face or behind your eyes
• sensitivity to loud noises or bright lights

What might help

You may want to try the following tips for easing headache:

• drink plenty of water
• apply a warm or cool compress to your forehead or neck
• rest or sit in a dark room until the headache goes away

You may also be able to treat the headache with over-the-counter (OTC) medications. Examples include:

• Advil (ibuprofen) or other OTC anti-inflammatory drugs
• Tylenol (acetaminophen)
• Excedrin (acetaminophen, aspirin, and caffeine)

During your albuterol treatment, talk with your doctor or pharmacist before taking any OTC medications. They can help you choose a treatment that doesn’t interact with albuterol.

Dizziness

Dizziness can occur with albuterol use. This was a common side effect in studies of albuterol.

Symptoms of dizziness include:

• feeling off-balance or unsteady
• feeling lightheaded
• faintness

What might help

Dizziness, like other mild side effects, will typically go away over time. But while you feel dizzy, avoid driving or doing other tasks that require alertness and coordination.

If the dizziness is severe or does not go away, or if it happens along with other serious symptoms such as blurry vision or fever, talk with your doctor. They may be able to determine the cause of your dizziness and prescribe a treatment. For example, dizziness is a symptom of high blood pressure.

If the dizziness is caused by albuterol, your doctor may adjust your dose or have you switch to a different treatment.

Allergic reaction

Like most drugs, albuterol can cause an allergic reaction in some people. Allergic reaction was reported in studies of albuterol.

Symptoms can be mild to serious and can include:

• skin rash
• itchiness
• flushing (temporary warmth, redness, or deepening of skin color)
• swelling under your skin, usually in your eyelids, lips, hands, or feet
• swelling of your mouth, tongue, or throat, which can make it hard to breathe

What might help

If you have mild symptoms of an allergic reaction, such as a mild rash, call your doctor right away. They may suggest a treatment to manage your symptoms. Examples include:

• an antihistamine you take by mouth, such as Benadryl (diphenhydramine)
• a product you apply to your skin, such as hydrocortisone cream

If your doctor confirms you’ve had a mild allergic reaction to albuterol, they’ll decide if you should continue using it.

If you have symptoms of a severe allergic reaction, such as swelling or trouble breathing, call 911 or your local emergency number right away. These symptoms could be life threatening and require immediate medical care.

If your doctor confirms you’ve had a serious allergic reaction to albuterol, they may have you switch to a different treatment.

Keeping track of side effects

During your albuterol treatment, consider taking notes on any side effects you’re having. You can then share this information with your doctor. This is especially helpful when you first start taking new drugs or using a combination of treatments.

Your side effect notes can include things such as:

• what dose of the drug you were taking when you had the side effect
• how soon you had the side effect after starting that dose
• what your symptoms were
• how it affected your daily activities
• what other medications you were taking
• any other information you feel is important

Keeping notes and sharing them with your doctor will help them learn more about how albuterol affects you. They can then use this information to adjust your treatment plan if needed.

Albuterol may not be right for you if you have certain medical conditions. These are known as drug-condition interactions. Other factors may also affect whether albuterol is a good treatment option for you.

Talk with your doctor about your health history before starting albuterol. Factors to consider include those described below.

Low levels of potassium. If you have low potassium levels because of a medical condition or a drug that you take, talk with your doctor. Albuterol may cause low potassium, which in some cases can lead to heart problems. Your doctor can determine whether albuterol is safe for you to use.

Seizures. If you have a condition that causes seizures, using albuterol could increase your risk of seizures. Talk with your doctor about whether this drug is right for you.

Diabetes. Albuterol may raise your blood sugar. If you have diabetes, you may have a higher risk of this side effect. Talk with your doctor about whether albuterol is safe for you to use with your condition.

Heart problems. Albuterol may cause fast heart rate and high blood pressure. High doses of albuterol have also caused abnormal heart rhythm. If you already have a heart condition, you may have a higher risk of these side effects. Talk with your doctor about whether albuterol is safe for you to use.

Thyroid problems. If you have high thyroid levels, talk with your doctor before starting albuterol treatment. This medication could raise your thyroid levels even more. Your doctor can determine whether albuterol is right for you.

Allergic reaction. If you’ve had an allergic reaction to albuterol or any of its ingredients, your doctor will likely not prescribe albuterol. Ask them what other medications are better options for you.

Alcohol and albuterol

There are no known interactions between alcohol and albuterol.

Alcohol may increase blood pressure and blood sugar. Albuterol was also reported to have those same side effects. So combining alcohol with albuterol could raise your risk of these side effects.

If you drink alcohol, talk with your doctor about how much may be safe to drink during your albuterol treatment.

Pregnancy and breastfeeding while using albuterol

It’s not known if albuterol is safe to use during pregnancy or while breastfeeding. If you’re pregnant or breastfeeding, or planning to become pregnant or to breastfeed, talk with your doctor before starting albuterol treatment.

If you use albuterol while pregnant, consider enrolling in a pregnancy registry. Pregnancy registries collect information about a drug’s effects when it’s used during pregnancy. To learn more or to enroll in the pregnancy registry, visit the registry’s site or call 877-311-8972.

Side effects from albuterol are not very common and are typically mild.

If you have any questions about side effects that albuterol can cause, talk with your doctor. You can also ask them about Ventolin HFA, which is the brand-name version of albuterol.

A generic drug and its brand-name version are expected to have the same side effects because they contain the same active ingredient. (An active ingredient is what makes a drug work.)

Here are a few questions to get you started:

• How do albuterol’s side effects compare with those of other COPD drugs, such as ipratropium bromide (Atrovent HFA)?
• Can albuterol cause worsening asthma?
• How do the side effects of albuterol compare with other drugs used to treat asthma?
• Can albuterol cause weight loss?
• Do I have a higher risk of albuterol side effects because of my health history?

To learn more about albuterol, see these articles:

• Albuterol Metered Aerosol
• Albuterol and Cost: What You Need to Know

To get information on different conditions and tips for improving your health, subscribe to any of Healthline’s newsletters. You may also want to check out the online communities at Bezzy. It’s a place where people with certain conditions can find support and connect with others.

Disclaimer: Healthline has made every effort to make certain that all information is factually correct, comprehensive, and up to date. However, this article should not be used as a substitute for the knowledge and expertise of a licensed healthcare professional. You should always consult your doctor or another healthcare professional before taking any medication. The drug information contained herein is subject to change and is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, warnings, drug interactions, allergic reactions, or adverse effects. The absence of warnings or other information for a given drug does not indicate that the drug or drug combination is safe, effective, or appropriate for all patients or all specific uses.

Albuterol Side Effects and Interactions and How to Avoid Them – Product Information

Home >> Product Information >> Albuterol Side Effects and How to Avoid Them

Product Information

If you have been prescribed albuterol, you may have questions about its safety and efficacy. What side effects should be expected from this medication? Is it safe to use every day? Should I be concerned if you are taking other medications? Learn warnings and precautions, possible interactions with other medicines, and what you can do to minimize or avoid side effects.

What is albuterol?

Albuterol, also called salbutamol in Canada, is a short-acting non-steroidal beta drug, a two-agonist drug (SABA) used to treat wheezing, shortness of breath, cough, and chest tightness caused by lung conditions such as asthma, emphysema and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. It is also used to prevent bronchospasm in people with reversible obstructive airway disease and to help with shortness of breath and other breathing problems during exercise. It belongs to a class of medications called bronchodilators and works by relaxing the muscles in the airways, thereby opening up the airways.

RELATED: FDA Approves First Generic ProAir HFA

General side effects of albuterol

Many people do not experience the side effects of albuterol, and if they do, side effects the effects are minor. Approximately 10-20% of people taking albuterol experience side effects. Douglas P. Jeffery, M.D., Oregon Family Physician and eMediHealth Medical Consultant. The most common side effects according to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) include:

• Rapid or rapid heartbeat
• Chest pain
• Tremor
• Nervousness

Some people also experience wheezing or difficulty breathing immediately after using an albuterol inhaler, but usually they pass in a short time.

Serious side effects of albuterol

There are also more serious side effects, including:

• Headache

9Severe side effects are those that interfere with daily functioning. Side effects can last from four to six hours. They usually go away within a few days or weeks after starting the medication. However, you should contact your doctor if you experience severe or persistent side effects.

It is recommended that you discuss with your doctor whether you should continue taking your medication or whether you should stop using it immediately if you experience side effects. Your doctor can provide information about your symptoms to the FDA side effects program. You can also fill out an online form to report your symptoms.

Although rare, allergic reactions can be life-threatening. Allergic symptoms include:

• Rapid, palpitations
• Chest pain
• Rash
• Urticaria
• Itching
• Swelling of the face, throat, tongue, lips, eyes, hands, feet, ankles, or legs.
• More difficulty breathing or swallowing
• Hoarseness

Another possible side effect is paradoxical bronchospasm. report published in American Journal of Case Records . The condition is an unexpected narrowing of the smooth muscle walls of the airways. This can cause shortness of breath, difficulty breathing with exertion, and a temporary decrease in lung function. The authors of the report believe that paradoxical bronchospasm is an underestimated side effect of beta2-agonist inhalers, including albuterol. According to this study, this side effect affects up to 8% of people using this treatment. Switching to another medication may help.

Albuterol Warnings

FDA-approved albuterol inhalers for people aged four years and older, for people with asthma and exercise-induced bronchospasm.

Before taking albuterol or any other prescription, you should tell your doctor about your condition. This medicine should be used with caution if you have heart disease. prescription information which includes:

• Coronary insufficiency
• Cardiac arrhythmias
• High blood pressure
• History of irregular heartbeat

B The American Heart Association lists albuterol as one of the drugs that can cause or aggravate heart new insufficiency.

You should also discuss the following health conditions with your doctor before taking albuterol:

• Hyperthyroidism
• Diabetes mellitus
• Epilepsy
• Hypokalemia (low potassium)

Although rare, deaths have been reported from the FDA due to overuse of inhaled asthma medications. The exact cause of these deaths is unknown; however, researchers suspect cardiac arrest and the consequent lack of oxygen in the body.

Pregnancy and lactation

Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant. According to the manufacturer’s information, there are no direct studies of albuterol in pregnant women, but the risk to the fetus appears to be low. The lack of oxygen caused by asthma can be more harmful to the fetus. Between 4% and 12% of pregnant women in the United States have asthma, and 3% of them take asthma medications, including albuterol, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

A study published in Pediatrics found that the use of asthma medications did not increase the risk of most birth defects. Albuterol was the most common medication used by people in the study. However, there may be an increased risk of congenital malformations of the esophagus, anus, and abdominal wall.

The possible consequences for the baby while breastfeeding are also unknown. According to the authors, the use of a bronchodilator will not cause high enough levels in breast milk to cause problems. mother to baby. However, you should talk to your doctor and proceed carefully, weighing the risks and benefits, if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding.

Albuterol interactions

Albuterol may interact with other medicines. Interactions vary depending on the medicines you are taking, but may include:

• Increased blood pressure
• Increased heart rate
• Arrhythmia
• Increased risk of cardiovascular disease

You must tell your doctor if you accept any or other medicines, including prescription, over-the-counter, nutritional supplements, and vitamins. According to Dr. Jeffrey, some medications interact with albuterol and should be avoided. Prescriptions that may have dangerous drug interactions with albuterol include:

• Methacholine
• Midodrine
• Linezolid
• Propranolol

There are many other medicines that require monitoring or dose adjustment when used with albuterol. The list of possible interactions is quite long, including over 100 drugs that can interact negatively with albuterol. “It’s best to check with your doctor about possible interactions,” explains Dr. Jeffrey.

Some of the drugs that have the potential to interact with albuterol (although not as serious as those listed above) include:

• Tenormin (atenolol)
• Trandat (labetalol)
• Lopressor, Toprol XL (metoprolol)
• Corgard (nadolol)
• Inderal (propranolol)
• Lanoxin (digoxin)
• Epipen, Primatene Mist (adrenaline)
• Xopenex (metaproterenol and levalbuterol)
• Hygro tone (chlorthalidone)
• Diuryl (chlorothiazide)
• Esidrix, Hydrodiuril, Microzid (hydrochlorothiazide)
• Lozol (indapamide)
• Microx, Zaroxolin (metolazone)
• Lasix (furosemide) 9 0118
• Elavil (amitriptyline)
• Azendin (amoxap Other)
• Anafranil (clomipramine)
• Norpramine (desipramine)
• Silenor (doxepin)
• Tofranil (imipramine)
• Pamelor (nortriptyline)
• Vivactil (protriptyline)
• Surmontil (trimipramine)
• Marplan (isocarboxazid)
• Pomegranate heart (phenelzine)
• Eldepril, Emsam (selegiline)
• Parnate (tranylcypromine)

9012 5

You should also avoid cold medicines, including over-the-counter ones; However, there are no data on drug interactions with albuterol and cough medicines.

If you are taking any of these medicines, your doctor may need to adjust your dose or monitor you closely for side effects.

Albuterol abuse

Albuterol abuse is relatively common. report published in Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology . This medicine is for intermittent use in acute asthma symptoms. However, about a quarter of people who are prescribed albuterol use it as a daily asthma control medication rather than as a rescue inhaler for quick relief. Many doctors suggest using one inhaler canister for about one year. If you use your inhaler more frequently or only last a few months, this may indicate that your asthma is not well controlled and you may want to talk to your doctor about taking your medication daily.

Excessive use of albuterol can be dangerous and have potential health consequences. You may notice that you have more asthma symptoms or that your symptoms get worse. People who abuse inhalers are more likely to report coughing, wheezing, nocturnal awakenings, and more frequent symptoms than those who take albuterol only occasionally. They also stated that they had a lower quality of life and higher levels of depression.

According to the report, excessive consumption can also lead to an overdose of albuterol. Overdose symptoms include:

• Chest pain
• Rapid or irregular heartbeat
• Headache
• Tremor
• Nervousness
• Dizziness
• Dry mouth
• Nausea
• Fatigue
• Seizures

If you think you have or have someone else has an overdose, you should contact a poison control center at 1-800-222-1222 or seek immediate medical attention.

How to avoid the side effects of albuterol

1. Take as directed. The best way to avoid the side effects of albuterol is to use it as directed. Your doctor should discuss the correct dosage and how often you should take the medicine. For adults using a metered dose inhaler, the recommended dose is one to two puffs every four to six hours. For tablets and syrup, the recommended dose is 2-4 mg every six to eight hours. The extended release formula works for 12 hours and can be taken twice a day.

2. Use spacer. Medical Associates suggests using a spacer, which is an extension to your inhaler that can slow down your medication. Using a spacer increases the amount of medication that gets into the lungs and can reduce the taste of the medication in the mouth, as well as reduce side effects such as sore throat and hoarseness. Another method that is especially convenient for children is to have (or administer) respiratory therapy through a nebulizer machine.

3. Add a variety of daily asthma medications. Albuterol is a fast-acting medicine for asthma symptoms. You should only take it for acute symptoms and only as recommended. If you find that symptoms still persist or the recommended dose does not help relieve symptoms, you should talk to your doctor. It is best to take daily asthma medications, and albuterol is used for acute attacks.

4. Change your medications. If you are still experiencing side effects after a few days or weeks, talk to your doctor. There are steps you can take if the side effects are severe. You may need to stop taking the medicine, but this should only be done after consulting your doctor. Switching to another drug used for the same purpose may help. Or your doctor may suggest lowering your dosage, according to Dr. Jeffrey. Side effects are less likely when using an inhaler instead of tablets or liquid.

5. Make small lifestyle changes. Taking control of your asthma symptoms will also reduce your need for albuterol and therefore reduce side effects. Here are some ways to better control asthma:

• Understanding and avoiding triggers such as pollen, pet hair, cold air, intense exercise, odors such as perfume or hairspray, and cigarette smoke
• Regular exercise
• Using a dehumidifier at home
• Washing sheets and blankets frequently
• Vacuuming regularly

Albuterol coupons are available on singlecare. com or the app available for Android and iOS. You can use coupons at most major pharmacies as well as some regional ones. After you enter your zip code, you will see which pharmacies are available in your area.

Albuterol Sulfate Tablets (Albuterol Sulfate Tablets) Side Effects, Warnings, Usage

Albuterol

• Generic Name: Albuterol Sulfate Tablets
• Brand Name: Albuterol Sulfate Tablets
• Concomitant drugs plin Dulera Effexor Effexor XR Fasenra Fetzima Forfivo XL Lexapro Marplan Nucala Paxil Paxil-CR Pristiq Remeron Remeron SolTab Singulair Symbyax Trelegy Ellipta Trintellix Viibryd Wellbutrin Wellbutrin SR Wellbutrin XL Xopenex Xopenex HFA Zoloft
• Overview
• Professional Information

Albuterol Sulfate Pill Side Effects Center

Medical Editor: John P. Cunha, DO, FACOEP

90 412 What is albuterol sulfate?

Albuterol sulfate is a beta2-adrenergic bronchodilator used to relieve bronchospasm in adults and children 6 years of age and older with reversible obstructive airway disease.

What are the side effects of albuterol sulfate?

Common side effects of albuterol sulfate include:

• nervousness
• tremor
• weakness,
• dizziness,
• palpitations,
• palpitations,
• muscle cramps and
• nausea

Albuterol sulfate dosage

The usual starting dose of albuterol sulfate for adults and children 12 years of age and older is 2 or 4 mg three or four times daily. The usual starting dose of albuterol sulfate for children 6 to 12 years of age is 2 mg three or four times a day.

Albuterol sulfate in children

The safety and efficacy of albuterol sulfate in children under 6 years of age have not been established.

What drugs, substances or supplements interact with albuterol sulfate?

Albuterol sulfate may interact with other drugs such as:

• oral sympathomimetics,
• monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs),
• tricyclic antidepressants,
• beta blockers,
• diuretics and
• digoxin

Albuterol sulfate during pregnancy and lactation

Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant before using albuterol sulfate; it is not known how this will affect the fetus. It is not known if albuterol sulfate passes into breast milk. Due to the potential carcinogenicity demonstrated for albuterol in animal studies, breastfeeding while using albuterol sulfate is not recommended.

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More Information

Our Albuterol Sulfate Tablet Side Effects Treatment Center provides a comprehensive overview of the available drug information on potential side effects when taking this medication.

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This is not a complete list of side effects and they may occur. Ask your doctor about side effects. You can report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

This is not a complete list of side effects and they may occur. Ask your doctor about side effects. You can report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

Consumer Information Albuterol Sulfate Tablets

Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction : hives; labored breathing; swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat.

Call your doctor right away if you have:

• wheezing, choking or other breathing problems after using this medicine;
• Chest pain, palpitations, palpitations or fluttering in the chest;
• severe headache, pounding in the neck or ears;
• pain or burning when urinating;
• high blood sugar – increased thirst, frequent urination, dry mouth, fruity breath; or
• low potassium Leg cramps, constipation, irregular heartbeat, increased thirst or urination, numbness or tingling, muscle weakness or a feeling of lameness.

Common side effects may include:

• chest pain, fast or palpitations;
• indigestion, vomiting;
• painful urination;
• dizziness;
• feeling unsteady or nervous;
• headache, back pain, body aches; or
• cough, sore throat, sinus pain, runny or stuffy nose.

This is not a complete list of side effects and they may occur. Ask your doctor about side effects. You can report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

Read the entire detailed patient monograph on Albuterol Sulfate Tablets (Albuterol Sulfate Tablets)

Learn More Albuterol Sulfate Tablets – Professional Information

SIDE EFFECTS

In clinical studies, the most common adverse reactions to albuterol tablets were: 0026

Incidence percentage Central nervous system Nervous twenty% Tremor twenty% Headache 7% Insomnia 2% Weakness 2% Dizziness 2% Drowsiness Anxiety Irritability

9 0600 Cardiovascular Tachycardia 5% Palpitations 5% Chest discomfort Flushing Musculoskeletal system

9001 7

Muscle spasms 3% Gastrointestinal tract Nausea 2% Urogenital Difficulty urinating

Rare reported cases of urticaria, angioedema, rash, bronchospasm and swelling of the oropharynx after the use of albuterol.