How long does it take for different types of laxatives to work. What are the active ingredients in various laxative products. How do different laxatives function in the body. What are potential risks and side effects of using laxatives.

Types of Laxatives and Their Onset of Action

Laxatives are medications used to treat constipation by stimulating bowel movements. There are several types of laxatives, each with a different mechanism of action and onset time:

• Suppositories: 15-30 minutes
• Saline laxatives: 30 minutes to 3 hours
• Stimulant laxatives: 6-12 hours
• Lubricant laxatives: 6-8 hours
• Bulk-forming laxatives: 12-24 hours for initial effect, 48-72 hours for full effect
• Emollient laxatives (stool softeners): 12-72 hours
• Lactulose laxatives: 48-72 hours

The duration of a laxative’s effect can vary based on factors such as the active ingredient, dosage, and route of administration. Understanding these differences can help individuals choose the most appropriate laxative for their needs.

Emollient Laxatives: Softening the Stool

Emollient laxatives, also known as stool softeners, work by adding moisture to the stool, making it easier to pass. These laxatives typically take 12 to 72 hours to work effectively.

How do emollient laxatives function?

Emollient laxatives contain docusate as their active ingredient. This compound helps to soften the stool by increasing water absorption in the intestines. By making the stool softer and more hydrated, these laxatives can alleviate constipation and promote more comfortable bowel movements.

Popular emollient laxative products

Some well-known emollient laxative brands include:

• Colace
• Surfak

These products are generally considered gentle and are often recommended for individuals who need to avoid straining during bowel movements, such as those recovering from surgery or childbirth.

Bulk-Forming Laxatives: Mimicking Dietary Fiber

Bulk-forming laxatives function similarly to dietary fiber, promoting water absorption in the bowels to create larger, softer stools that are easier to pass. These laxatives typically show some effect within 12 to 24 hours, with full effectiveness reached after 48 to 72 hours.

What are the active ingredients in bulk-forming laxatives?

Common active ingredients in bulk-forming laxatives include:

• Psyllium
• Methylcellulose
• Sterculia

These ingredients work by absorbing water and expanding in the intestines, which helps to stimulate bowel movements and relieve constipation.

Examples of bulk-forming laxative products

Popular bulk-forming laxative brands include:

• Metamucil
• Benefiber

These products are often considered a more natural approach to treating constipation, as they mimic the effects of dietary fiber. They can be particularly beneficial for individuals looking to increase their fiber intake or those with chronic constipation.

Lubricant Laxatives: Easing Stool Passage

Lubricant laxatives work by coating the stool with a waterproof film, which helps it retain moisture and move more easily through the bowel. These laxatives typically take 6 to 8 hours to take effect.

How do lubricant laxatives work?

Lubricant laxatives create a slippery coating around the stool, which serves two primary purposes:

1. It prevents water from being absorbed out of the stool, keeping it soft and moist.
2. It reduces friction between the stool and the intestinal walls, facilitating easier passage.

This dual action helps to alleviate constipation and promote more comfortable bowel movements.

Common lubricant laxative ingredients

The most common lubricant laxative is mineral oil. This substance is not absorbed by the body and effectively coats the stool and intestinal lining to ease bowel movements.

Hyperosmotic Laxatives: Increasing Intestinal Fluid

Hyperosmotic laxatives function by increasing the amount of fluid in the bowels. This additional fluid helps to soften stool and promote its passage through the intestines. There are several types of hyperosmotic laxatives, each with different active ingredients and onset times.

What are the different types of hyperosmotic laxatives?

Hyperosmotic laxatives can be categorized into three main types:

1. Lactulose laxatives
2. Saline laxatives
3. Polymer laxatives

Each type has its own unique characteristics and uses.

Lactulose laxatives

Lactulose laxatives contain a sugar-like compound as their active ingredient. They are often used for treating chronic constipation and typically take 48 to 72 hours to work. Examples of lactulose laxative products include Enulose and Generlac.

Saline laxatives

Saline laxatives are composed of salts in liquid form. They are primarily used for short-term constipation relief and take 30 minutes to 3 hours to work. Popular saline laxative brands include Phillips’ Milk of Magnesia and Royvac.

Polymer laxatives

Polymer laxatives contain large molecules such as polyethylene glycol. Like saline laxatives, they are used for short-term constipation treatment. Polymer laxatives typically take 6 hours or longer to work. Examples include MiraLAX and PegaLAX.

Stimulant Laxatives: Promoting Bowel Contractions

Stimulant laxatives work by causing the muscles in the bowels to contract, which helps move stool through the intestines more quickly. These laxatives typically take 6 to 12 hours to take effect.

How do stimulant laxatives function?

Stimulant laxatives work in two primary ways:

1. They increase the contractions of the intestinal muscles, promoting peristalsis.
2. They increase the secretion of water and electrolytes into the bowel, softening the stool.

This combination of effects helps to stimulate bowel movements and relieve constipation.

Common active ingredients in stimulant laxatives

Some of the most common active ingredients found in stimulant laxatives include:

• Bisacodyl
• Senna
• Cascara sagrada

These ingredients are known for their ability to stimulate bowel contractions and are often found in over-the-counter laxative products.

Understanding Laxative Duration and Half-Life

The duration of a laxative’s effect in the body can vary depending on several factors, including the active ingredient, dosage, and route of elimination. This duration is often expressed as the drug’s half-life, which is the time it takes for half of the drug to leave the body.

What factors influence laxative duration?

Several factors can affect how long a laxative remains active in the body:

• The specific active ingredient
• The dosage administered
• The individual’s metabolism and overall health
• The route of administration (oral, rectal, etc.)
• Interactions with other medications or foods

Understanding these factors can help individuals better manage their laxative use and expectations for relief.

Examples of laxative half-lives

Different laxatives can have varying half-lives. For example:

• Lactulose has a half-life of about 2 hours
• Bisacodyl has a half-life of approximately 16 hours
• Bulk-forming laxatives don’t have a traditional half-life, as they’re eliminated with the next bowel movement

It’s important to note that the half-life doesn’t necessarily correspond directly to the duration of the laxative’s effect. Some laxatives may continue to work even after a significant portion has been eliminated from the body.

Potential Risks and Side Effects of Laxative Use

While laxatives can be effective in treating constipation, they also come with potential risks and side effects. It’s important to use laxatives as directed and be aware of possible adverse effects.

What are common side effects of laxatives?

Some common side effects associated with laxative use include:

• Abdominal cramps or pain
• Bloating
• Gas
• Nausea
• Diarrhea
• Dehydration
• Electrolyte imbalances

The severity and likelihood of these side effects can vary depending on the type of laxative used and individual factors.

Are there risks associated with long-term laxative use?

Long-term or excessive use of laxatives can lead to several health concerns:

1. Dependency: The body may become reliant on laxatives to have bowel movements.
2. Electrolyte imbalances: Frequent use of certain laxatives can disrupt the body’s balance of essential minerals.
3. Dehydration: Some laxatives can lead to excessive fluid loss if overused.
4. Malnutrition: Stimulant laxatives may interfere with nutrient absorption if used long-term.
5. Changes in bowel function: Overuse may lead to chronic diarrhea or worsen constipation over time.

It’s important to consult with a healthcare provider before using laxatives regularly or for extended periods.

When should you seek medical advice about laxative use?

Consider consulting a healthcare professional if:

• Constipation persists despite laxative use
• You experience severe abdominal pain or cramping
• You notice blood in your stool
• You develop symptoms of dehydration or electrolyte imbalance
• You feel dependent on laxatives for regular bowel movements
• Your constipation is accompanied by unexplained weight loss or fever

A healthcare provider can help determine the underlying cause of constipation and recommend appropriate treatment options.

Understanding the various types of laxatives, their onset of action, and potential risks can help individuals make informed decisions about managing constipation. Always follow the recommended dosage and consult with a healthcare professional if you have concerns about laxative use or persistent constipation.

How Long Do Laxatives Last? Types and Risks

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• Laxatives are medications that treat constipation by stimulating a bowel movement.
• Some laxatives take effect within 15-30 minutes, while some can take 48-72 hours.
• Bulk-forming laxatives stop working after passing one stool, while other laxatives start weakening 2-16 hours after peak concentration.

What are laxatives?

There are many different types of laxatives available. Different types of laxatives work in different ways, begin working at different times, and stay in the body for varying amounts of time.

We explain the differences in how long each type of laxative takes to work, as well as more information regarding each laxative type.

The table below shows how long each type of laxative takes to work. Out of the different types, suppositories work the fastest, between 15 to 30 mins.

The amount of time that a medication spends in your system can depend on the active ingredient, the dose given, and the route in which it leaves the body.

Sometimes this information is expressed as a drug’s half-life, or the amount of time it takes for 50 percent of the drug to leave your system.

The active ingredients of laxatives can have different half-lives. For example, the half-life of lactulose is about 2 hours while the half-life of bisacodyl is 16 hours. Bulk-forming laxatives don’t have a half-life, because they’re eliminated with your next bowel movement.

If you’re worried about the amount of time a laxative will spend in your system, you should raise these concerns with a doctor or pharmacist.

Emollient laxatives are also referred to as stool softeners.

Emollients take 12 to 72 hours to work. They work to soften your stool by adding moisture to it. Softer stools are easier to pass.

The active ingredient of emollient laxatives is a compound called docusate.

Examples of emollient laxative products include Colace and Surfak.

Purchase stool softeners here.

Bulk-forming laxatives function similarly to the fiber that you obtain from your diet.

They promote the absorption of water into your bowels. This makes stools larger and softer which in turn makes them easier to pass.

They take 12 to 24 hours for some effect and 48 to 72 hours for their full effect.

The active ingredients of bulk-forming laxatives can include psyllium, methylcellulose, and sterculia.

Examples of bulk-forming laxative products include Metamucil and Benefiber.

Here are options for purchasing bulk-forming laxatives.

Lubricant laxatives promote the passage of stool through the bowel by coating the stool in a waterproof film. This allows the stool to both hold on to its moisture and to move more easily through the bowel.

Lubricant laxatives take 6 to 8 hours to take effect.

Mineral oil is an example of a lubricant laxative.

You can purchase mineral oil here.

Hyperosmotic laxatives function by increasing the amount of fluid that’s in your bowels. This increase in fluid can help soften stool and promote its passage through the bowel.

There are several different types of hyperosmotic laxatives and they’re divided up by active ingredients.

Lactulose

The active ingredient in lactulose laxatives is a sugar-like compound.

Lactulose laxatives are often used for treatment of long-term or chronic constipation. This type takes 48 to 72 hours.

Examples of lactulose laxative products include Enulose and Generlac.

Saline

These laxatives are made up of salts in liquid. They’re used as a short-term treatment for constipation.

Saline takes 30 minutes to 3 hours to work. Examples of saline laxatives include Phillips’ Milk of Magnesia and Royvac.

Polymer

Polymer laxatives are made up of large molecules such as polyethylene glycol. Like saline laxatives, polymer laxatives are used for the short-term treatment of constipation.

Examples of polymer laxative products include MiraLAX and PegaLAX. Polymers take 6 hours or longer to work.

See your options for hyperosmotic laxatives.

Stimulant laxatives cause the muscles of your bowels to contract. This allows stool to pass more readily through your bowels.

This type of laxative can take 6 to 12 hours to work.

The active ingredients of stimulant laxatives can include senna, bisacodyl, and sodium picosulphate.

Examples of stimulant laxative products include Dulcolax and Ex-Lax.

Find a stimulant laxative for purchase here.

A suppository is a medication that’s inserted into your rectum. Once inserted, the medication dissolves and enters the bloodstream.

Depending on the active ingredient, suppositories can work to either soften the stool or to stimulate the muscles of your bowels in order to better ease movement of stool.

Suppositories work the fastest, within 15 to 30 minutes.

The active ingredients bisacodyl and glycerol can be given as suppositories to treat constipation.

Examples of available suppository medications include Dulcolax and Fleet Glycerin.

Buy suppositories here.

There are some risks that you should be aware of when you use laxatives. These can include:

Dehydration or electrolyte imbalance

Because many laxatives work by drawing water into your bowels, you should be sure to drink plenty of water while you’re taking them. If you don’t you may become dehydrated or develop an electrolyte imbalance.

Interactions with other medications

Be sure to read labels carefully when selecting a laxative. Some medications, such as antibiotics and heart medications, can interact in a negative way with laxatives.

If you’re unsure which laxative to take, consult your doctor.

Decrease in bowel motility

Using laxatives frequently can cause a dysfunction in the natural movement of your bowels.

You should always be sure to use laxatives in moderation. If you find that you have to use laxatives often to have a bowel movement, you should visit your doctor to discuss your concerns.

Pregnancy and breastfeeding considerations

If you’re pregnant you should speak to your doctor before taking laxatives. Some laxatives, such as stool softeners or bulk-forming laxatives, are safe for pregnant women while others aren’t.

Most laxatives are safe to take while breastfeeding, however you should still talk to your doctor before using them.

Some laxative ingredients can pass to the infant via breast milk and cause diarrhea.

There are a variety of laxatives available to treat constipation. Some laxatives are better for short-term treatment of constipation while others are more ideal for treating long-term or chronic constipation.

You should always consult your doctor if you’re unsure which laxative should be used for your constipation.

You can also help to avoid becoming constipated by following some of the tips below:

Increase fiber intake

Increase the amount of fiber in your diet. Fiber helps to improve bowel function.

Be sure to get enough fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. Here are 22 high-fiber foods you should eat.

Stay hydrated

Having enough fluids can help ease the passage of bowel movements.

You should aim for 8 glasses of water per day while avoiding things such as caffeine and alcohol. Here are 16 reasons to drink more water.

Be active

Making sure that you exercise regularly can help stool to move more effectively through your bowels. Here are 6 ways to live a more active life.

Don’t hold it

If you feel like you have to have a bowel movement, be sure to go at your earliest convenience. Don’t hold it in.

Adult Suppositories Rectal: Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures, Warnings & Dosing

Uses

This product is used to relieve occasional constipation. Glycerin belongs to a class of drugs known as hyperosmotic laxatives. It works by drawing water into the intestines. This effect usually results in a bowel movement within 15 to 60 minutes.For adults, the normal frequency of bowel movements varies from once daily to 1 to 2 times weekly. For preschool-aged children, the normal frequency of bowel movements varies from once daily to once every other day. Constipation is best treated by drinking plenty of fluids, eating foods high in fiber, and exercising regularly.

How to use Adult Suppositories Suppository

This product is for rectal use only. Read and follow all directions on the product package, or use as directed by your doctor. If you have any questions, ask your doctor or pharmacist. If the suppository is too soft to insert, chill in the refrigerator for 30 minutes or run cold water over it before removing the foil wrapper.

Wash your hands before and after using this product. If the medication is wrapped in foil, remove the foil wrapper. If desired, the suppository may be moistened with lukewarm water. Do not use petroleum jelly or mineral oil. Doing so may cause the product to be less effective.

Lie on your left side with the right knee slightly bent. Using your finger, gently insert the suppository well up into the rectum, pointed end first. After insertion, stay in position for 15 to 20 minutes if possible until you feel a strong urge to have a bowel movement. This product does not need to melt completely to produce an effect. If you are helping a child use this product, have the child lie on their side with the lower leg straightened out and the upper leg bent toward the stomach. Using your finger, gently insert the suppository into the rectum, pointed end first. Hold the buttocks together for a few seconds. Then, have your child stay lying down for 15 to 20 minutes if possible to keep the suppository from coming out.

Do not use this product more than once daily unless otherwise directed by your doctor.

If this product is used too frequently, it may cause loss of normal bowel function and an inability to have a bowel movement without using the product (laxative dependence). If you notice symptoms of overuse, such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, decreased weight, or weakness, contact your doctor promptly.

Consult your doctor promptly if you do not have a bowel movement after using this product or if you think you may have a serious medical problem.

Side Effects

Rectal irritation/burning, abdominal discomfort/cramps, or small amounts of mucus in the stool may occur. If any of these effects last or get worse, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly.

If your doctor has directed you to use this product, remember that your doctor has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects. Many people using this product do not have serious side effects.

Tell your doctor right away if you have any serious side effects, including: abdominal pain that is severe or doesn’t go away, bloody stools, rectal bleeding.

Diarrhea that doesn’t stop may result in dehydration. Contact your doctor promptly if you notice any symptoms of dehydration, such as unusual decreased urination, unusual dry mouth/thirst, fast heartbeat, or dizziness/lightheadedness.

A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare. However, get medical help right away if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction, including: rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing.

This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.

In the US – Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or at www. fda.gov/medwatch.

In Canada – Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345.

Precautions

Before using glycerin, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic to it; or if you have any other allergies. This product may contain inactive ingredients, which can cause allergic reactions or other problems. Talk to your pharmacist for more details.

Before using this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist your medical history, especially of: rectal bleeding, intestinal blockage (obstruction), other bowel problems (such as ulcerative colitis, hemorrhoids), current stomach/abdominal symptoms (such as nausea/vomiting that doesn’t stop, pain, cramping).

Consult your doctor before using this product if you have had a sudden change in bowel habits lasting more than 2 weeks or if you need to use a laxative for more than 1 week. These could be symptoms of a serious medical problem.

During pregnancy, this medication should be used only when clearly needed. Discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor.

It is unknown if this drug passes into breast milk. Consult your doctor before breast-feeding.

Interactions

Drug interactions may change how your medications work or increase your risk for serious side effects. This document does not contain all possible drug interactions. Keep a list of all the products you use (including prescription/nonprescription drugs and herbal products) and share it with your doctor and pharmacist. Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicines without your doctor’s approval.

Does Adult Suppositories Suppository interact with other drugs you are taking?

Enter your medication into the WebMD interaction checker

Overdose

This medicine may be harmful if swallowed. If someone has overdosed and has serious symptoms such as passing out or trouble breathing, call 911. Otherwise, call a poison control center right away. US residents can call their local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222. Canada residents can call a provincial poison control center.

Keep all medical and lab appointments.

Not applicable.

Refer to storage information on the package label. Protect from high heat. Do not store in the bathroom. If you have any questions about storage, ask your pharmacist. Keep all drug products away from children and pets.

Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. Properly discard this product when it is expired or no longer needed. Consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal company.

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Selected from data included with permission and copyrighted by First Databank, Inc. This copyrighted material has been downloaded from a licensed data provider and is not for distribution, except as may be authorized by the applicable terms of use.

CONDITIONS OF USE: The information in this database is intended to supplement, not substitute for, the expertise and judgment of healthcare professionals. The information is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, drug interactions or adverse effects, nor should it be construed to indicate that use of a particular drug is safe, appropriate or effective for you or anyone else. A healthcare professional should be consulted before taking any drug, changing any diet or commencing or discontinuing any course of treatment.

Instructions, after how long they work, dosage, composition

Date of publication: 06.10.2022 POSSIBLE SIDE EFFECTS. A SPECIALIST’S CONSULTATION IS NECESSARY. Antipyretic for adults Antipyretic for children Antipyretic candles s

Article content

• Cefecon: composition
• Cefecon: active substance
• Cefecon suppositories: dosage
• Cefecon: suppositories for newborns
• Cefecon for teething
• Cefecon N: how long does it take to work
• Cefecon D: how long does it take to work
• Summary 9 0016
• Ask an expert about the topic of the article

It is no coincidence that autumn is nicknamed the “season of colds”. The warm summer period is leaving: holidays are ending, the air temperature is dropping, the day is getting shorter, and the workload is increasing. The body is rebuilt to a new mode and becomes vulnerable. It is estimated that annual autumn epidemics of viral diseases lead to 3-5 million cases of severe illness.

Bacteria and viruses attack the weakened immune system, causing a response – fever. It is sometimes difficult to deal with it, especially when it comes to children. Antipyretics come to the rescue, one of which will be discussed in this article.

Pharmacist Kristina Khokhrina will tell you about Cefecon, its composition, dosage, application and how long it takes to start working.

All products Tsefekon

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Tsefekon: composition

There are two types of candles against temperature Tsefekon: Tsefekon N and Tsefekon D (for children). Cefecon H is a combination drug containing caffeine, naproxen and salicylamide. It is used to treat and prevent fever in adults and children over 16 years of age. Cefecon D is paracetamol. It is used in children from 3 months to 12 years.

Cefecon: active ingredient

Both drugs have antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects, but this is achieved through different active ingredients. Cefecon N contains:

• Caffeine is a psychoactive component to eliminate drowsiness and fatigue, as well as increase physical and mental activity.
• Naproxen and salicylamide are anti-inflammatory ingredients that normalize body temperature and relieve pain.

Cefecon for Children contains paracetamol, a safe and well-tolerated antipyretic agent for children. Paracetamol is included in the list of clinical recommendations for the provision of emergency care for acute fever in children.

Cefecon suppositories: dosage

Cefecon is available in the form of suppositories – rectal suppositories. Note that suppositories are a safer dosage form than, for example, tablets. Suppositories cause fewer side effects because they do not enter the stomach, which means that nausea, vomiting and abdominal discomfort will not threaten patients. For the same reason, the effect of candles comes faster.

To use, it is necessary to remove the suppository from the packaging and insert it deep into the rectum, and then lie down for 30-40 minutes.

Cefecon H is used up to 3 times a day, but not more than 3 days in the fight against fever, and not more than 5 days in case of pain. Produced in a single dosage of 10 pieces per pack.

The dose of Cefecon for children is calculated depending on the weight and age of the child. So, for children from 1 to 3 years old weighing 11-16 kg, use 1 suppository of 100 mg. The interval between applications should be at least 6 hours, and the maximum dose should not exceed 60 mg/kg of the child’s weight. Available in 10 suppositories per pack in three dosages: 50, 100 and 250 mg.

Course duration: 3 days for fever and 5 days for pain. Candles are dispensed without a prescription, but it is still worth consulting with a doctor or pharmacist. The drug has contraindications, and an incorrectly calculated dose will lead to an overdose, the consequences of which will be severe.

Cefekon: suppositories for newborns

Newborns are children from the moment of birth until the 28th day of life. The use of Cefecon D during this period is possible, but only once and as directed by a doctor.

Suppositories are used in case of fever due to vaccinations, which are carried out up to 2 months. It is worth inserting a candle into the empty intestine, after warming it up in your hands.

Cefecon for teething

Teething in children begins at the age of 2 to 7 months and is accompanied not only by pain, but also by fever. In this case, Cefecon D will be an effective remedy that eliminates both violations. Candles will not affect the normal body temperature, so you should not be afraid of its excessive decrease.

Cefecon N: how long does it take to start working

Naproxen and salicylamide in Cefecon N allow you to quickly get rid of pain: the effect occurs within 30 minutes after application and lasts up to 8 hours. The anti-inflammatory effect develops within 1-2 weeks.

Cefecon D: how long does it take

The maximum effect of paracetamol in the composition of suppositories is achieved 2-3 hours after administration and lasts up to 6 hours.

Summary

• In autumn, the body adjusts to a new regimen and becomes vulnerable
• Cefekon anti-temperature suppositories are of two types: Cefekon N and Cefekon D (for children)
• Cefecon N contains: caffeine, naproxen and salicylamide
• Children’s Cefecon contains paracetamol
• Cefecon is available in the form of suppositories – rectal suppositories
• Cefecon N is used up to 3 times a day, no more than 3 days in the fight against fever, and no more than 5 days – with pain
• The dose of Cefecon for children is calculated depending on the weight and age of the child
• Cefecon D can be used for newborns, but only once and as prescribed by a doctor
• Cefecon D will be an effective remedy for teething in children
• The action of Cefecon N occurs already 30 minutes after application and lasts up to 8 hours
• The maximum effect of Cefecon D is achieved 2-3 hours after administration and lasts up to 6 hours

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Suppositories in gynecology: types and features of use

For the treatment and prevention of many gynecological diseases, local drugs are often prescribed, for example, suppositories. What is the advantage of such medicines?

“Drugs that are injected into the natural cavities of the body are used in complex therapy for the treatment of adnexitis, oophoritis, cervical erosion, colpitis, vaginitis, with polycystic ovaries, endometriosis, to eliminate violations of the vaginal microflora. In addition, suppositories are actively prescribed before and after various surgical interventions, before childbirth or the installation of intrauterine devices.

What explains such a wide range of applications and doctors’ commitment to this dosage form? The fact is that preparations in the form of suppositories have a number of significant advantages: they quickly dissolve and begin to act in the pathological focus, while not only having a therapeutic effect, but also preventing the further spread of the infection. In addition, with this method of treatment, there are practically no side effects that are possible with oral medication. Prescribing drugs in the form of suppositories is especially important if the patient has a history of disorders in the functioning of the liver, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, cardiovascular system, ”obstetrician-gynecologist, endocrinologist of the GIMed Family Health Clinic Lidia Sheygas draws attention.

Types of suppositories and their mechanism of action

Suppositories are divided into two large groups: vaginal and rectal. According to the form of the introduction of the candle, there are several types. Vaginal are most often round, oval, and also in the form of a cone. Rectal suppositories are produced mainly in the form of a cone.

The composition always contains a solid base (paraffin, gelatin, glycerin), it is she who creates and holds the shape of the suppository, and the active substance. A feature of these drugs is their ability to maintain a solid consistency in the external environment and quickly turn into a liquid inside the body.

The main therapeutic advantage of suppositories is that they not only locally affect the focus of inflammation, but also have a general healing effect. It is known that the area of ​​the vagina and rectum is supplied with a huge number of blood vessels, so the active medicinal components enter the bloodstream very quickly and actively circulate in the pelvic area, while carrying out not only a local therapeutic effect. Biologically available medicinal substances become within 30-60 minutes.

Such therapy quickly relieves the symptoms of the disease, does not affect the menstrual cycle, secretion of gonadotropic hormones, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Candles are administered quickly and painlessly, and the use of this group of medicines is rarely accompanied by allergic reactions.

Command staff

As part of a suppository, the active substance can be both synthetic and natural, and also include antibiotics, antiseptics, antifungal and antiviral components, vitamins, probiotics and other substances that help strengthen local immunity. The appointment depends on the pathogenic agent that caused the gynecological disease (viruses, bacteria, fungi or protozoa).

Most suppositories have a complex mechanism of action and can simultaneously relieve the inflammatory process and affect pathogens.

Antibacterial suppositories. The main active ingredient of such drugs are metronidazole, co-trixomazol, penicillins, macrolides. The use of antibacterial drugs always has its own characteristics. If used incorrectly, such drugs can cause allergic reactions, cause oppression of the normal microflora of the vagina and reduce local protective reserves.

Antifungal suppositories . The most famous drugs are fluconazole, clotrimazole, natamycin. The course of treatment depends on many factors, therefore it is determined individually.

Anti-inflammatory suppositories – the main component is non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs – diclofenac, ichthyol or indomethacin. They not only relieve inflammation and swelling, but also anesthetize.

Such drugs, from a biological point of view, inhibit the production of prostaglandins, which are produced in large quantities during the inflammatory process and cause pain.

Suppositories with steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (prednisolone) are less commonly used in gynecological practice.

The therapeutic course of inflammatory diseases lasts up to ten days.

Antiviral suppositories (protiflazid, interferon alfa-2b) are used in clinical practice for the treatment of genital herpes and human papillomavirus (HPV) as part of complex treatment. The therapeutic course is long, the duration of therapy will be determined by the attending physician.

Hormone-based preparations (estriol) – contribute to the restoration of hormonal balance, the pH level in the vagina, suppress the inflammatory process, strengthen the natural barrier, reduce the risk of relapses. The course of treatment is long, determined individually by the doctor.

Candles with natural ingredients , which include sea buckthorn oil, cocoa, eucalyptus, extracts of medicinal herbs, coniferous trees, are prescribed for pregnant women, during lactation, as well as for older people and children.

Suppository Administration: General Rules

It is recommended to administer suppositories at night, preferably before bedtime. Before using rectal suppositories, it is necessary to empty the intestines. The manipulation is carried out lying on its side, bending the legs at the knees and pressing them to the chest. But vaginal suppositories are injected to the maximum depth while lying on your back. Special applicators that are attached to suppositories greatly facilitate the process. After the introduction, you need to be in a horizontal position for at least twenty minutes. This time is enough to dissolve the candle.

The use of the suppository is contraindicated in case of allergic reactions to the components of the preparation.