How do pinworms affect children. What are the common symptoms of pinworm infection. How is pinworm infection diagnosed and treated. What preventive measures can parents take against pinworms. How contagious are pinworms and how do they spread. What steps should be taken to avoid reinfection after treatment.

Understanding Pinworm Infection: Causes and Transmission

Pinworm infection, also known as enterobiasis or oxyuriasis, is an intestinal parasitic infection caused by small, white worms called Enterobius vermicularis. While it can affect individuals of all ages, it is particularly common among young children. The infection occurs when pinworm eggs are ingested, typically through contaminated hands, food, or objects.

How do pinworms spread? These parasites are highly contagious and can easily pass from one child to another through various means:

• Direct contact with contaminated surfaces
• Touching objects that have pinworm eggs on them
• Ingesting food contaminated with pinworm eggs
• Breathing in eggs that have become airborne (less common)

Children are more susceptible to pinworm infections due to their tendency to put their fingers in their mouths, share toys, and play in close proximity to one another. The eggs can survive on surfaces for up to three weeks, making it easy for reinfection to occur if proper hygiene measures are not maintained.

Recognizing the Symptoms of Pinworm Infection in Children

Identifying a pinworm infection early is crucial for prompt treatment and preventing its spread. What are the telltale signs parents should look out for?

• Intense itching around the anus, especially at night
• Restless sleep or difficulty falling asleep due to discomfort
• Visible white, thread-like worms in stool or around the anal area
• Irritability and decreased appetite
• In some cases, abdominal pain or nausea

It’s important to note that some children may be asymptomatic, making regular screening and good hygiene practices essential. If you suspect your child has a pinworm infection, consult a healthcare provider for proper diagnosis and treatment.

Diagnostic Methods for Pinworm Infection

Accurate diagnosis is key to effective treatment of pinworm infections. How do medical professionals confirm the presence of these parasites?

The Tape Test: A Simple Yet Effective Diagnostic Tool

The most common and non-invasive method for diagnosing pinworm infection is the tape test. This involves:

1. Pressing a piece of clear adhesive tape against the skin around the anus
2. Conducting the test in the morning before bathing or using the toilet
3. Repeating the process for three consecutive days
4. Submitting the tape samples to a healthcare provider for microscopic examination

This method is highly effective as female pinworms typically lay their eggs around the anus during the night, making them easily detectable in the morning.

Visual Inspection and Stool Analysis

In some cases, healthcare providers may perform a visual inspection of the anal area or conduct a stool analysis to look for adult worms or eggs. These methods can provide additional confirmation of the infection.

Effective Treatment Strategies for Pinworm Infection

Once diagnosed, pinworm infections are generally easy to treat. What are the most common treatment approaches?

Prescription Medications

Healthcare providers typically prescribe one of two main medications:

• Mebendazole: A chewable tablet taken as a single dose, with a second dose often recommended after 2-3 weeks
• Pyrantel pamoate: An oral suspension or chewable tablet taken as a single dose

These medications work by paralyzing the pinworms, allowing them to be easily expelled from the body. It’s important to follow the prescribed dosage and complete the full course of treatment.

Treating the Entire Household

Due to the highly contagious nature of pinworms, it’s often recommended that all household members be treated simultaneously, even if they don’t show symptoms. This approach helps prevent reinfection and breaks the cycle of transmission.

Preventive Measures and Hygiene Practices

Preventing pinworm infections and reinfections requires a combination of good hygiene practices and environmental control. What steps can parents take to protect their children?

Personal Hygiene

• Encourage regular and thorough handwashing, especially before meals and after using the bathroom
• Keep children’s fingernails short and clean
• Discourage nail-biting and scratching around the anal area
• Ensure children wear clean underwear daily
• Encourage morning showers instead of baths to reduce egg contamination

Environmental Control

• Wash bedding, clothing, and towels in hot water regularly
• Vacuum carpets and upholstered furniture frequently
• Clean and disinfect shared surfaces, toys, and other objects
• Change bed linens and underwear after treatment

Implementing these practices can significantly reduce the risk of pinworm infection and prevent its spread within households and communities.

Long-term Management and Preventing Reinfection

Successful treatment of pinworm infection often requires ongoing vigilance to prevent reinfection. How can families maintain a pinworm-free environment?

Continued Hygiene Practices

Maintaining good hygiene habits is crucial even after the initial treatment. This includes:

• Regular handwashing
• Keeping fingernails trimmed
• Avoiding scratching the anal area
• Changing underwear daily

Regular Screening

Periodic screening, especially for children in high-risk environments like schools or daycare centers, can help detect and treat infections early. Parents should be aware of the symptoms and consult a healthcare provider if they suspect reinfection.

Environmental Cleaning

Continuing to clean and disinfect shared spaces and objects can help reduce the risk of reinfection. This includes:

• Regular vacuuming of carpets and upholstery
• Washing bedding and clothing in hot water
• Disinfecting bathroom surfaces and toys

Addressing Common Concerns and Misconceptions

Parents often have questions and concerns about pinworm infections. Let’s address some of the most common ones:

Can pets spread pinworms?

No, pets do not spread human pinworms. While they may have their own parasites, these are not transmissible to humans.

Are pinworm infections dangerous?

Generally, pinworm infections are not dangerous and are easily treated. However, severe cases can lead to complications such as weight loss or urinary tract infections.

Can pinworm eggs survive in swimming pools?

Chlorinated water in properly maintained pools should kill pinworm eggs. However, transmission can occur through contaminated surfaces around the pool area.

Do hand sanitizers work against pinworms?

While hand sanitizers can kill some germs, thorough handwashing with soap and water is more effective in removing pinworm eggs from hands.

When to Seek Professional Medical Advice

While pinworm infections are generally mild and treatable at home, there are situations where professional medical advice should be sought. When should parents consult a healthcare provider?

• If symptoms persist after completing the prescribed treatment
• If there are signs of secondary infection, such as redness or swelling around the anal area
• If the child experiences severe abdominal pain or other unusual symptoms
• If there are frequent reinfections despite following preventive measures
• If there are concerns about potential complications or underlying health conditions

Healthcare providers can offer additional guidance, adjust treatment plans if necessary, and address any concerns specific to your child’s situation.

The Role of Education in Pinworm Prevention

Education plays a crucial role in preventing and managing pinworm infections. How can parents and caregivers effectively educate children about pinworm prevention?

Age-Appropriate Hygiene Education

Teaching children about proper hygiene practices is essential. This includes:

• Demonstrating correct handwashing techniques
• Explaining the importance of keeping hands away from the mouth and face
• Encouraging the use of tissues when scratching
• Teaching children to avoid sharing personal items like towels or clothing

Creating a Supportive Environment

Parents and caregivers can create an environment that supports good hygiene habits by:

• Making handwashing fun and engaging for young children
• Providing easily accessible handwashing stations
• Setting a good example by practicing proper hygiene themselves
• Reinforcing positive behaviors with praise and rewards

Community Awareness

Raising awareness about pinworm infections in schools, daycare centers, and community groups can help reduce stigma and promote prevention. This can include:

• Organizing educational sessions for parents and caregivers
• Distributing informational materials about pinworm prevention
• Encouraging open communication about infections to prevent spread

By fostering a culture of awareness and prevention, communities can work together to reduce the incidence of pinworm infections and promote overall health and wellbeing.

The Impact of Pinworm Infections on Child Development

While pinworm infections are generally considered harmless, they can have subtle impacts on a child’s development and well-being. How might these infections affect children beyond the immediate physical symptoms?

Sleep Disturbances

The itching associated with pinworm infections often intensifies at night, potentially leading to:

• Difficulty falling asleep
• Frequent night wakings
• Overall poor sleep quality

These sleep disturbances can affect a child’s mood, behavior, and cognitive performance during the day.

Emotional and Social Impact

Children with pinworm infections may experience:

• Embarrassment or anxiety about their condition
• Reluctance to participate in social activities
• Decreased self-esteem, especially if infections are recurrent

Parents and caregivers should be sensitive to these emotional aspects and provide reassurance and support.

Nutritional Considerations

In some cases, particularly with heavy infestations, pinworm infections may lead to:

• Decreased appetite
• Mild nutritional deficiencies
• Weight loss in severe cases

Ensuring proper nutrition during and after treatment is important for the child’s overall health and recovery.

Advanced Treatment Options for Persistent Infections

While most pinworm infections respond well to standard treatments, some cases may be more persistent. What options are available for difficult-to-treat infections?

Alternative Medications

In cases where standard treatments are ineffective, healthcare providers may consider:

• Albendazole: Another anthelmintic medication that may be prescribed for resistant infections
• Ivermectin: Typically used for other parasitic infections but may be considered in certain cases

Extended Treatment Courses

For persistent infections, doctors might recommend:

• Longer treatment durations
• Multiple treatment cycles
• Combination therapy using different medications

Addressing Environmental Factors

In cases of recurrent infections, a more aggressive approach to environmental control may be necessary:

• Professional cleaning of living spaces
• Temporary removal and storage of difficult-to-clean items
• Use of specialized cleaning products designed to eliminate parasite eggs

It’s important to work closely with healthcare providers to develop a comprehensive treatment plan for persistent infections, addressing both medical and environmental factors.

The Future of Pinworm Prevention and Treatment

As medical research advances, new approaches to preventing and treating pinworm infections are being explored. What developments might we see in the future?

Improved Diagnostic Tools

Researchers are working on developing more sensitive and convenient diagnostic methods, such as:

• Rapid home-testing kits for pinworm detection
• Advanced imaging techniques for non-invasive diagnosis
• Molecular diagnostic methods for more accurate identification

Novel Treatment Approaches

Future treatments may include:

• Targeted therapies that minimize side effects
• Probiotics or microbiome-based treatments to enhance natural resistance
• Immunotherapies to boost the body’s defense against parasitic infections

Prevention Strategies

Emerging prevention strategies may focus on:

• Development of vaccines against pinworm infections
• Advanced materials for clothing and bedding that resist parasite adhesion
• Environmental control technologies for schools and public spaces

While these advancements are still in development, they offer hope for more effective management of pinworm infections in the future. In the meantime, adherence to current prevention and treatment guidelines remains the best defense against these common parasites.

As we continue to learn more about pinworm infections and develop new strategies for prevention and treatment, it’s important for parents, caregivers, and healthcare providers to stay informed about best practices. By combining current knowledge with emerging research, we can work towards reducing the incidence of pinworm infections and improving the health and well-being of children worldwide.

What Are Pinworms? – Treatment & Symptoms

What is pinworm infection?

Pinworm infection is an intestinal infection caused by small, white worms. Anyone can get it, but it’s most common in young children. It’s easily treated.

Symptoms of pinworm infection

If your child is infected with pinworms, they may frequently scratch their bottom. Your child may also move around a lot in bed at night or not be able to sleep. That’s because your child it itchy. The itching is caused by the female pinworm that comes out of the rectum to lay eggs around the anus (the opening to the rectum). The eggs stay in the upper part of the intestine until they hatch. After they hatch, the worms move down the length of the intestine, and then out the anus where they lay more eggs.

You also may be able to see the tiny, white worms (shorter than 1/2 inch in length) on your child’s bottom at night. Or the worms may show up in your child’s stools.

What causes pinworm infection?

Pinworms are contagious and easily spread, usually from child to child. Pinworm eggs can be picked up on children’s fingers when they’re playing. When children who are infected scratch their itchy bottoms, the tiny eggs can get under their fingernails. Eggs can stay on your child’s skin for several hours. They can survive for up to 3 weeks on clothes, bedding, and toys. If the eggs are on your child’s hands or toys and they put their fingers or toys in their mouth, the tiny eggs can enter their bodies. Children who don’t wash their hands thoroughly before eating and children who suck their thumbs are at an increased risk.

Although pinworm infection is more common in school-aged children, anyone can get it. As children who are infected move around the house, the eggs may be spread, and other family members can become infected. Sometimes adults breathe in the eggs when the bed covers are shaken. However, this isn’t very common.

Pets don’t spread pinworms, although they may carry their own kinds of worms.

How is pinworm infection diagnosed?

Because pinworms usually crawl out of the anus while a child sleeps, the tape test is an easy way to find pinworms. It’s best to do this right when your child wakes up and before they use the bathroom or take a bath. To do the tape test, pat a piece of clear tape on the skin around the anus. Do this for three mornings in a row and save the tape from each morning. Then take the tape to your doctor, who can use a microscope to check for pinworms or eggs. It’s also possible to see the adult worms around the anus during the tape test.

Can pinworm infection be prevented or avoided?

There are ways to prevent or avoid getting pinworm infection—and reinfections. Follow these tips:

• Make sure your child washes their hands before a meal and after using the restroom.
• Keep your child’s fingernails trimmed.
• Discourage your child from nail-biting and scratching their anal area.
• Be sure your child changes into a clean pair of underwear each day.
• Have your child bathe in the morning to reduce egg contamination. If possible, have your child take a shower instead of a bath.
• Change your child’s night clothes, underwear, and bedding after treatment.

Pinworm infection treatment

Most pinworm infections are mild and easily treated. Your doctor may prescribe a single chewable tablet of a medicine called mebendazole. A second tablet is taken about 3 weeks later if the infection isn’t cured. Or your doctor may recommend another kind of medicine called pyrantel, which is taken as a single dose.

Even if only one child in your family has pinworms, it’s often important that everyone in the household be treated with the pinworm medicine at the same time.

Living with pinworm infection

Pinworm infection is very contagious. If you don’t take precautions, it’s easy to become reinfected. If anyone in your home has pinworms, take these steps to get rid of the pinworm eggs. Doing so will minimize your chances of reinfection.

• Wash all the sheets, blankets, towels, and clothing in the house in hot water.
• Carefully clean everyone’s fingernails (which may hold the worm eggs) and cut them short.
• Scrub toys, countertops, floors, and other surfaces the infected child has touched.
• Vacuum carpets.

Questions to ask your doctor

• How long will the treatment take?
• When should I call my doctor?
• Should I let my child’s school or daycare know they have pinworms?
• Should I get rid of my child’s bedding or underwear?
• Will hand sanitizers work against pinworms?
• What steps can I take to make sure no one else in my house gets pinworms?
• Should everyone in my house be treated, even if they don’t have any symptoms?

Resources

Centers for Disease Control & Prevention: Pinworm Infection

Pinworm in kids: Symptoms, causes, and treatment

Pinworms involve infection by a parasitic worm that may live in the large intestine of a human. A child may contract the infection after unknowingly transferring the worms into their body from a contaminated object or through their fingers.

In the United States, school-aged children and preschoolers have the highest rates of pinworm infections.

A pinworm is a small, thin, white roundworm called Enterobius vermicularis that sometimes lives in the human colon and rectum, also known as the large intestine.

Small children are more likely to contract the infection because they tend not to follow common hygiene practices. Children are often in close contact with each other, making transmission more likely.

The article below offers more information on pinworm in kids, including symptoms, treatment, and prevention.

Pinworms travel from the intestinal tract, laying their eggs on the skin near the anus.

Pinworm infections spread via the fecal-oral route — by the transfer of infective pinworm eggs from the anus to someone’s mouth, either directly by hand or indirectly through contaminated clothing, bedding, food, or other objects.

Since young children often put things in their mouths, such as toys and even their fingers, the infection easily spreads in daycare centers and schools.

In some cases, children or other household members unknowingly transfer worms from bedding, clothes, and other objects. This spreads the worms throughout the home and can pass the infection to other family members.

A few hours after a person deposits the eggs on their skin, the infection and symptoms may start. Pinworms may survive about 2–3 weeks on clothing, bedding, or other objects.

Symptoms can vary from mild to severe. After a person swallows the pinworms, the female worm travels out of the intestine to the anal area and lays the eggs. Symptoms usually start after this.

The symptoms of a pinworm infection may include the following:

• itching around the anal area
• trouble sleeping due to itching
• irritability
• vaginal itching
• mild nausea

Although anyone can develop a pinworm infection, it is more likely in children.

Certain risk factors may also increase a person’s risk of developing the infection, such as:

• attending a child care center
• sharing a household with a person who has the infection
• not practicing frequent handwashing
• living in crowded settings, such as institutions and dormitories
• frequent thumb sucking

A doctor diagnoses pinworms based on identifying the worms and the presence of symptoms, such as itching in the anal area.

The worms might be visible to the naked eye, on underclothing or sheets, but the eggs are too small to see without a microscope.

A tape test helps identity the eggs. Parents or caregivers should perform the test on the child first thing in the morning before the child uses the toilet or washes. Washing or using the toilet may remove the eggs. To perform the test, use a piece of cellophane tape and place it firmly on the skin around the anus with the adhesive side down. The eggs will stick to the tape. A microscope can then identify a pinworm infection.

People should do the test on three consecutive mornings to increase the likelihood of finding pinworm eggs.

Treatment helps get rid of the worms and ease symptoms. A combination of the treatments below works best to prevent the infection from coming back.

Treatment for pinworms in children includes the following:

Medications

Treatment involves two doses of over-the-counter or prescription medications spaced 2 weeks apart.

Common medications used to treat pinworms include:

• albendazole (Albenza)
• mebendazole (Vermox)
• pyrantel pamoate (Reese’s Pinworm Medicine)

Since the infection spreads easily among people living together, treatment should also include all caregivers of the child and people living in the household.

Hygiene tips

In addition to medication, practicing proper hygiene helps prevent reinfection. Caregivers can use the following hygiene tips:

• washing hands frequently
• keeping fingernails short
• working with the child to avoid thumb sucking and biting the nails
• changing underwear daily
• washing clothes and bedding in hot water

Although some people may turn to home remedies to get rid of pinworms, little research supports their effectiveness. Individuals who suspect a child has a pinworm infection should seek help from a healthcare professional before trying home remedies.

Learn more about treatment options for pinworms here.

Typically, pinworm infections are bothersome but do not become serious. However, complications may develop in some instances. Possible complications include:

• Skin infections: A secondary skin infection may develop from scratching.
• Urinary tract infections: Females with a serious pinworm infection can develop an infection in their urinary tract. The worms may travel to the bladder leading to an infection.
• Vaginitis: The worms may also travel from the anal area to the vagina, causing an infection.
• Weight loss: In cases of a severe infection, the worms may leech off of the child’s vital nutrients, leading to weight loss.

It is helpful to contact a doctor if any of the above complications develop or if infections reoccur.

Parents and caregivers can take several steps to prevent pinworm infections in children, such as:

• teaching children good handwashing
• washing bed linen and underclothes often
• thoroughly washing toilet seats
• wiping toys
• encouraging the child to shower daily
• teaching children to avoid putting their fingers in their mouth
• keeping fingernails short
• making sure children wash their hands before eating
• thoroughly wiping the anal area with every diaper change
• avoiding scratching skin in the anal area

Pinworms in children involve infection with a small, white worm that lives in the intestines. The worms travel through the intestines and lay eggs outside the skin around the anus.

Symptoms include intense itching. Treatment often helps and includes a combination of medications and good hygiene to prevent reinfection.

Enterobiasis (pinworms) in children – symptoms and treatment, clinical guidelines

Enterobiasis is a helminthiasis that develops when the colon and rectum of a person are infected with pinworms. It is diagnosed most often in children, although adults can also be infected. Diagnosis is carried out by microscopic detection of eggs. Pinworms in children cause characteristic symptoms. Treatment includes hygiene and deworming. The clinic “RebenOK” carries out diagnostics taking into account the symptoms and treatment of enterobiasis at the best prices in Moscow.

After ascariasis, enterobiasis is in 2nd place. Approximately 400 million people suffer from this disease. Most often, children become infected due to insufficient personal hygiene, as well as people working in children’s groups (boarding schools, schools, preschool institutions).

The pinworm is highly contagious. The eggs of the parasite Enterobius vermicularis are transmitted from person to person. They survive outside the host organism up to 2-3 weeks. There are two mechanisms of infection with enterobiasis – fecal-oral and aerosol (by air). In the first case, we are talking about the contact-household, water and alimentary (food) form of infection. The transmission factor is dirty hands, which contain pinworm eggs. Infection through the water of pools, rivers and lakes is unlikely.

The development of pinworms in the human body is a cycle:

1. As soon as the eggs penetrate, they reach the small intestine where the larvae form.
2. They pass into the large intestine, where they parasitize at the stage of maturation.
3. After 1-2 months, adult females lay eggs in the rectal area.

Because of the unbearable itching, children comb the anal area. In this case, the eggs of the parasite fall under the overgrown edge of the nail plate. In the absence of proper hygiene, they penetrate the oral cavity and the life cycle of the nematode resumes.

Worms of the nematode class have a rounded pointed body. The length of the female reaches 1.3 cm, the male – 0.5 cm. Males die after fertilization. The life expectancy of a female is 1 month, during which they produce offspring (lay eggs). After fertilization, the size of the body increases, the possibility of fixation is lost. Reaching the rectum, they crawl out, laying eggs in the perinatal folds.

The uterus of a female can contain up to 17,000 eggs. The larvae develop under certain conditions: at a temperature of 22-39degrees and exposure to oxygen. It takes 5 hours for the larva to reach the invasive stage. Pinworm eggs have high levels of protection – they survive and remain invasive for up to 1 month, and sometimes longer. They are not sensitive to many disinfectants, but quickly die under the influence of a soapy solution, when boiled and ironed.

Nematode eggs can survive on food and drinks, dishes, countertops, doorknobs, bedding, clothes, etc. It is impossible to get pinworms from pets, because they do not participate in the life cycle of the parasite. Enterobius vermicularis parasites are tiny but can be seen with the naked eye.

Pinworms cause severe itching in the perinatal folds around the anus. In women and girls, hookworms can also cause vaginal itching and a characteristic discharge.

The condition worsens at night, which is associated with the activity of the parasite at night. This leads to insomnia, irritability and nervousness. Adults and children with enterobiasis can spend a lot of time in the shower, as water helps to cope with the symptoms of the disease, improving the condition.

The most common symptoms of pinworms in children are:

• rash and itching around the anus;
• irritable bowel and increased gas;
• accelerated (3-4 times a day) decorated chair;
• excessive irritability, moodiness, tearfulness;
• headaches, memory impairment.

Nighttime urinary incontinence is another possible symptom of enterobiasis in children, which is prevalent predominantly in preschoolers. This is because pinworms irritate the urethra, the thin tube through which urine leaves the bladder and exits the body.

Children and adults who develop enterobiasis scratch the itchy area. This leads to swelling, redness and bleeding. Bacteria can enter the wound, leading to a rectal abscess.

By exerting a mechanical effect on the walls of the intestinal mucosa, nematodes provoke dysmotility and secretion, causing inflammation of the digestive organs. Against this background, enteritis may develop.

Pinworms sometimes cause digestive symptoms

• abdominal pain;
• nausea;
• loss of appetite.

This condition is accompanied by weight loss and characteristic weakness. As parasites, pinworms suck out essential nutrients from the body, leading to the development of deficient conditions. Sometimes pinworms spread to the female reproductive tract, leading to complications (urinary tract infections, vaginitis).

Against the background of enterobiasis, a decrease in the protective functions of the body is observed. For this reason, the child is more likely to suffer from acute respiratory diseases. Exacerbation of chronic diseases is observed. A slight increase in body temperature is not excluded.

Enterobiasis is usually diagnosed based on symptoms. However, there are other causes of pruritus ani, including skin irritation, diarrhea, and infections other than parasitic infestation. The diagnosis can be confirmed by identifying eggs or worms in specimens examined under a microscope. Sometimes parents themselves manage to detect pinworms on the folds of the skin near the anus or in the feces.

To confirm the diagnosis, clinical symptoms and the general condition of the patient are taken into account.

Screening is carried out in two ways: from the perianal folds (imprint with adhesive tape), scraping for enterobiasis in children (using a cotton swab). To obtain reliable information, the study is repeated 2-3 times at a certain interval. When conducting a coprogram, nematode eggs can be detected in rare cases.

Before treating pinworms in children, the diagnosis should be confirmed. Enterobiasis can be cured without medication, by carefully carrying out hygiene procedures to prevent re-infection. This method is applicable to children who have contraindications to anthelmintics. Recovery occurs over a longer period than with drug treatment.

Key recommendations for non-pharmacological treatment:

1. The child should wash their hands thoroughly with soap and water after going to the toilet and walking.
2. Care must be taken to ensure that the child does not lick his hands.
3. Nails must be cut short.
4. Bed linen should be changed daily, boiled and ironed.
5. Wash your child with soap in the morning and evening.

The use of tablets for the treatment of enterobiasis in children is a more reliable way that ensures a quick recovery. Anthelmintic drugs cause the death of the parasite.

14 days after deworming, you need to re-diagnose. If the test result for enterobiasis in children is negative, then the child is considered recovered. If the clinical picture of helminthic invasion persists, then the drugs are repeated in the same dosage.

Doctor’s expert opinion

Treatment of pinworms in children is carried out under the supervision of a pediatrician. An incorrectly selected drug can lead to the introduction of pinworms into the mucous and submucosal layers of the intestine. Pinworms can cause the development of a purulent inflammatory process. This leads to indigestion, impaired motility of the gastrointestinal tract.

Ignatieva Olga Nikolaevna Pediatrician, candidate of medical sciences

Preventive measures are aimed at instilling standard hygiene habits in children.

Clinical recommendations for enterobiasis in children:

• be sure to cut your nails as they grow back;
• wash hands before sitting down to eat, after going to the toilet and after returning home from the street.

Children who attend educational institutions are examined for enterobiasis for prevention purposes. This approach allows to exclude mass infection.

Enterobiosis is a common helminthiasis that contributes to the development of a number of somatic diseases. Pinworms lead to an exacerbation of chronic diseases, and this fact has been scientifically proven.

Medicines and personal hygiene are the main therapeutic measures for enterobiasis. If contact with the source of infection is maintained, re-infection is not ruled out.

If you have symptoms of helminthic invasion, contact the RebenOK clinic. An experienced pediatrician will diagnose and tell you how to treat enterobiasis in children by prescribing effective drugs for pinworms.

Sources:

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2. Rustamova G., Mukhammadieva L. Enterobiosis in children: modern diagnostic problems // International scientific review. 2020. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/enterobioz-u-detey-sovremennye-problemy-diagnostiki (date of access: 06/10/2022)
3. Letyushev A.N., Stepanova T.F. The activity of the epidemiological process of enterobiasis in the Russian Federation // Population health and habitat. 2020. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/aktivnost-epidemicheskogo-protsessa-enterobioza-v-rossiyskoy-federatsii (Date of access: 06/10/2022).
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