What are the different types of fungi. How do fungi impact our environment and health. Can fungi be used in cooking and medicine. What are the dangers of toxic fungi. How do fungi reproduce and spread. What role do fungi play in ecosystems. Are there any unusual or rare fungi species.

The Diverse Kingdom of Fungi: An Overview

Fungi represent a vast and diverse kingdom of organisms, including mushrooms, molds, yeasts, and more. These remarkable life forms play crucial roles in our ecosystems, culinary traditions, and even modern medicine. From the delectable mushrooms adorning our plates to the microscopic molds that both benefit and threaten our health, fungi are an integral part of our world.

How many species of fungi exist? Scientists estimate there may be between 2.2 to 3.8 million fungal species on Earth, with only about 148,000 currently identified and described. This vast biodiversity highlights the importance of fungi in various ecosystems and their potential for scientific discovery.

Edible Fungi: Culinary Delights from Forest to Table

Many fungi species are prized for their culinary value, offering unique flavors and textures to dishes worldwide. Which edible mushrooms are most popular? Some widely consumed varieties include:

• Button mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus)
• Shiitake (Lentinula edodes)
• Oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus)
• Porcini (Boletus edulis)
• Chanterelles (Cantharellus cibarius)

How are mushrooms incorporated into various cuisines? Chefs and home cooks alike utilize mushrooms in diverse ways, from sautéing them as a side dish to incorporating them into sauces, soups, and main courses. For example, a creamy mushroom sauce can elevate a simple dish of pasta or grilled meat, while wild mushrooms like porcini or chanterelles can add depth and earthy flavors to risottos and stews.

Mushroom Foraging: A Rewarding but Risky Pursuit

For many enthusiasts, foraging for wild mushrooms is a beloved pastime. However, it’s crucial to exercise caution when collecting fungi in the wild. Why is proper identification so important in mushroom foraging? Misidentifying a mushroom species can lead to severe illness or even death if a toxic variety is consumed. Always consult expert guides or experienced foragers before consuming any wild mushrooms.

The Role of Fungi in Ecosystems

Fungi play vital roles in maintaining the health and balance of ecosystems worldwide. How do fungi contribute to ecosystem functioning? Some key ways include:

1. Decomposition: Fungi break down dead organic matter, recycling nutrients back into the ecosystem.
2. Symbiotic relationships: Many fungi form mutually beneficial partnerships with plants, such as mycorrhizal associations that enhance nutrient uptake.
3. Soil health: Fungal networks in soil improve its structure and water retention capabilities.
4. Food source: Fungi serve as a food source for various animals, insects, and other organisms.

What is the importance of fungi in forest ecosystems? In forests, fungi form vast underground networks often referred to as the “Wood Wide Web.” These networks facilitate communication and resource sharing between trees, contributing to the overall health and resilience of forest ecosystems.

Medicinal Fungi: Nature’s Pharmacy

Throughout history, various fungi have been used for their medicinal properties. In recent years, scientific research has begun to validate many traditional uses and uncover new potential applications. Which fungi are known for their medicinal properties? Some notable examples include:

• Reishi (Ganoderma lucidum): Known for its potential immune-boosting and anti-inflammatory effects
• Lion’s Mane (Hericium erinaceus): Studied for its potential cognitive and neurological benefits
• Turkey Tail (Trametes versicolor): Investigated for possible immune support and anti-cancer properties
• Cordyceps: Various species explored for potential performance-enhancing and adaptogenic effects

How are medicinal fungi being used in modern medicine? While research is ongoing, some fungal compounds have already made their way into conventional medicine. For example, the cholesterol-lowering drug lovastatin was originally derived from a compound found in Aspergillus terreus, a type of mold.

The Dark Side of Fungi: Molds and Toxicity

While many fungi are beneficial or harmless, some can pose significant risks to human health and property. How can mold affect human health? Exposure to certain molds can cause allergic reactions, respiratory issues, and other health problems, particularly in individuals with compromised immune systems or pre-existing respiratory conditions.

What are some common toxic fungi to be aware of? Some notoriously poisonous mushrooms include:

• Death Cap (Amanita phalloides)
• Destroying Angel (Amanita bisporigera and related species)
• False Morel (Gyromitra esculenta)
• Deadly Webcap (Cortinarius rubellus)

How can one prevent mold growth in living spaces? To minimize mold growth in homes and buildings:

1. Control moisture levels and fix any water leaks promptly
2. Ensure proper ventilation, especially in bathrooms and kitchens
3. Use dehumidifiers in damp areas
4. Clean and dry water-damaged areas within 24-48 hours
5. Regularly inspect and maintain HVAC systems

Fungi in Biotechnology and Industry

The unique properties of fungi have led to their widespread use in various industrial and biotechnological applications. How are fungi utilized in these fields? Some examples include:

• Food production: Yeasts for bread-making and fermentation in brewing and winemaking
• Enzyme production: Fungi-derived enzymes used in detergents, textile manufacturing, and food processing
• Bioremediation: Certain fungi can break down environmental pollutants, aiding in cleanup efforts
• Biofuel production: Some fungi can convert cellulose into ethanol, offering potential sustainable energy solutions

What is the potential of fungi in developing new materials? Researchers are exploring the use of mycelium (the root-like structure of fungi) as a sustainable alternative to plastics and building materials. These mycelium-based materials are biodegradable and can be grown using agricultural waste products.

The Fascinating World of Fungal Reproduction

Fungi employ a variety of reproductive strategies, both sexual and asexual, to propagate and spread. How do fungi reproduce? Some common methods include:

1. Spore production: Many fungi release microscopic spores that can travel long distances through air or water
2. Fragmentation: Pieces of fungal hyphae can break off and grow into new organisms
3. Budding: Some yeasts reproduce by forming small outgrowths that eventually separate from the parent cell

What factors influence fungal growth and reproduction? Fungi thrive in environments with:

• Adequate moisture
• Appropriate temperature ranges (varies by species)
• Available nutrients
• Suitable pH levels
• Absence of competing organisms or antifungal compounds

The Importance of Fungal Diversity

Why is preserving fungal biodiversity crucial? Maintaining diverse fungal populations is essential for:

1. Ecosystem health and stability
2. Potential discovery of new medicines and biotechnological applications
3. Preservation of traditional knowledge and cultural practices related to fungi
4. Understanding evolution and adaptation in changing environments

Fungi in Art and Culture

Throughout history, fungi have captured human imagination and found their way into various forms of artistic expression and cultural traditions. How have fungi influenced art and literature? Some examples include:

• Fairy tale illustrations featuring whimsical mushroom houses or creatures
• Psychedelic art inspired by hallucinogenic mushrooms
• Nature photography and scientific illustrations showcasing fungal diversity
• Literary works incorporating fungi as symbols or plot devices

What role do fungi play in different cultural traditions? In many cultures, certain fungi hold significant cultural or spiritual importance. For instance, some indigenous communities in Mexico have long-standing traditions involving the use of psilocybin-containing mushrooms in religious ceremonies.

The Future of Fungal Research

As our understanding of fungi continues to grow, what areas of research hold the most promise? Some exciting avenues of fungal research include:

1. Exploring fungal biodiversity in understudied ecosystems, such as deep-sea environments
2. Investigating the potential of fungi in developing new antibiotics to combat antibiotic-resistant bacteria
3. Studying the complex interactions between fungi, plants, and other microorganisms in soil ecosystems
4. Developing novel fungal-based materials and technologies for sustainable industry and construction
5. Unraveling the intricate relationships between gut fungi and human health

How might climate change impact fungal ecosystems and biodiversity? As global temperatures rise and weather patterns shift, researchers are working to understand how these changes will affect fungal communities and their ecological roles. This knowledge will be crucial for predicting and mitigating potential impacts on agriculture, forestry, and natural ecosystems.

Fungi in Urban Environments

While often associated with forests and natural settings, fungi also play significant roles in urban ecosystems. How do fungi adapt to city life? Some ways fungi thrive in urban environments include:

• Colonizing built structures, sometimes causing structural damage
• Breaking down organic matter in urban green spaces and gardens
• Forming symbiotic relationships with urban trees and plants
• Inhabiting indoor environments, sometimes leading to air quality issues

What are the challenges and opportunities presented by fungi in cities? Urban planners and mycologists are exploring ways to harness the benefits of fungi while mitigating potential risks. This includes using fungi for bioremediation of polluted urban soils, incorporating beneficial fungi into urban gardening practices, and developing fungal-based materials for sustainable urban construction.

The Role of Citizen Science in Fungal Research

How can everyday people contribute to our understanding of fungi? Citizen science initiatives are increasingly important in fungal research, allowing amateur enthusiasts to contribute valuable data on fungal distribution, phenology, and ecology. Some ways to get involved include:

1. Participating in local mushroom foraging groups and contributing observations to online databases
2. Joining community science projects that monitor fungal fruiting patterns in relation to climate change
3. Engaging in DIY mycology projects, such as cultivating edible mushrooms at home
4. Attending workshops and courses to learn more about fungal identification and ecology

What tools are available for amateur mycologists? Advances in technology have made fungal identification more accessible to the public. Smartphone apps using artificial intelligence can help identify mushroom species from photographs, while online forums and social media groups allow enthusiasts to share knowledge and seek expert opinions.

The Evolutionary History of Fungi

Fungi have a long and fascinating evolutionary history, with fossil evidence dating back hundreds of millions of years. How have fungi evolved over time? Some key points in fungal evolution include:

• The divergence of fungi from other eukaryotic lineages, estimated to have occurred over 1 billion years ago
• The development of multicellularity and complex fruiting bodies
• The evolution of diverse enzymatic capabilities, allowing fungi to break down a wide range of substrates
• The establishment of symbiotic relationships with plants, leading to the colonization of land

What can the study of fungal evolution tell us about the history of life on Earth? By examining fungal fossils and analyzing fungal DNA, scientists can gain insights into past climates, ecosystem changes, and the co-evolution of fungi with other organisms. This knowledge helps us better understand the complex web of life and how it has changed over geological time scales.

The Future of Fungal Conservation

As we become more aware of the importance of fungi in ecosystems and human affairs, how can we ensure their conservation? Some strategies for fungal conservation include:

1. Protecting habitats that support diverse fungal communities
2. Developing sustainable harvesting practices for commercially valuable mushroom species
3. Increasing public awareness about the ecological importance of fungi
4. Incorporating fungi into biodiversity assessments and conservation planning
5. Establishing fungal gene banks to preserve genetic diversity

What challenges do we face in fungal conservation efforts? Unlike plants and animals, many fungi spend much of their lives hidden underground or within other organisms, making them difficult to study and monitor. Additionally, the vast number of undescribed fungal species means that many may become extinct before they are even discovered. Overcoming these challenges will require innovative research methods and increased funding for fungal biodiversity studies.

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köstliche frische junge champignons in scheiben geschnitten in cremiger sauce – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

Köstliche frische junge Champignons in Scheiben geschnitten in. ..

Köstliche frische junge Champignons in Scheiben geschnitten in cremiger Sauce, die in einer schwarzen Pfanne gekocht wird

set von verschiedenen waldpilze und fliegenpilze. vektor-illustration im flachen cartoon-stil – fungus stock-grafiken, -clipart, -cartoons und -symbole

Set von verschiedenen Waldpilze und Fliegenpilze. Vektor-Illustrat

Sammelset verschiedener Pilzarten für Lebensmittel und giftige Pilze Gruppe Fliegenpilz Symbole. Herbstwaldpflanzenkonzept. Isolierte Vektorsymbolillustration auf weißem Hintergrund im Cartoon-Stil

frühmorgendliches wachstum von pilzen auf dem feuchten waldboden – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

Frühmorgendliches Wachstum von Pilzen auf dem feuchten Waldboden

nahaufnahme von einen großen steinpilz im wald. – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

Nahaufnahme von einen großen Steinpilz im Wald.

Seitliche Aufnahme von einen allein stehender Steinpilz (Boletus edulis) der im Wald wächst.

suillus luteus pilz isoliert auf weißem grund – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

Suillus luteus Pilz isoliert auf weißem Grund

Suillus luteus Pilz isoliert auf weißem Hintergrund

feinschmeckergericht mit fleisch, kürbis, pfifferlingen und parmesansalatgarnitur – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

Feinschmeckergericht mit Fleisch, Kürbis, Pfifferlingen und…

trompetenflechten baumstamm – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

Trompetenflechten Baumstamm

champignons. zum ausmalen von buchseiten. – fungus stock-grafiken, -clipart, -cartoons und -symbole

Champignons. Zum Ausmalen von Buchseiten.

viele pilze im korb – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

viele Pilze im Korb

viele Pilze in einem Korb

nahaufnahme von wildpilzen – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

Nahaufnahme von Wildpilzen

nahaufnahme von weißem schimmel, der auf erde im blumentopf wächst, übermäßige bewässerung und feuchter boden fördern das schimmelwachstum – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

Nahaufnahme von weißem Schimmel, der auf Erde im Blumentopf wächst

Nahaufnahme von weißem Schimmel, der auf Erde im Blumentopf wächst, übermäßiges Gießen und feuchter Boden fördern das Schimmelwachstum.

nahaufnahme eines verschimmelt orange auf weißem hintergrund – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

Nahaufnahme eines verschimmelt Orange auf weißem Hintergrund

niedliches fliegenpilz im flachen stil, vektornahtloses muster – fungus stock-grafiken, -clipart, -cartoons und -symbole

Niedliches Fliegenpilz im flachen Stil, vektornahtloses Muster

Niedlicher Fliegenpilz im flachen Stil, Vektor nahtloses Muster.

pilze – fungus stock-fotos und bilderabgestandene avocado vor weißem hintergrund – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

Abgestandene Avocado vor weißem Hintergrund

Altbackene Avocado vor weißem Hintergrund

nahaufnahme von kleinen braunen pilzen, die in einem plastiktopf einer monstera-pflanze wachsen, pilzbefall in der blumenerde von zimmerpflanzen – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

Nahaufnahme von kleinen braunen Pilzen, die in einem Plastiktopf…

mushroom beef stroganoff mit rotwein auf rustikalen texturen – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

Mushroom Beef Stroganoff mit Rotwein auf rustikalen Texturen

frische steinpilze auf mit hintergrund isoliert – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

Frische Steinpilze auf mit Hintergrund isoliert

amethyst deceiver pilze – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

Amethyst Deceiver Pilze

pilz- und spargelrisotto – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

Pilz- und Spargelrisotto

Auf der Seite eines Pilz-Spargel-Risottos, serviert auf einer weißen Schale mit einer Gabel, einem Glas Weißwein und einer Reibe und Spargel auf einem Schneidebrett, umgeben von einem karierten Tuch. Vertikales Bild

zwei kleine pilze mit hell leuchtenden kappen stehen im feuchten moos. – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

Zwei kleine Pilze mit hell leuchtenden Kappen stehen im feuchten…

legen sie den strahlungskoffer, den sauren regen und die radioaktive wolke, den radioaktiven schild, die reagenzglasstrahlung, den kernreaktorarbeiter, das atom und das warndokumentsymbol fest. vektor – fungus stock-grafiken, -clipart, -cartoons und -symbole

Legen Sie den Strahlungskoffer, den sauren Regen und die…

gnocchi pasta mit kürbis – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

Gnocchi Pasta mit Kürbis

Gnocchi Pasta mit Kürbis, Pilzen und Haselnüssen. Kürbis-Pasta-Mahlzeit serviert in einer Schüssel auf blauem Tisch.

verspritzte faule tomaten, die auf weiß isoliert sind. schimmelige, spritzige und verwöhnte tomaten. – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

Verspritzte faule Tomaten, die auf Weiß isoliert sind….

Obst, Gemüse mit einer Krankheit

eine nahaufnahme mit einem erkrankten aprikosenblatt – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

Eine Nahaufnahme mit einem erkrankten Aprikosenblatt

nasser schiefer mit flechte 2 – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

Nasser Schiefer mit Flechte 2

fliegenpilze wachsen auf einem alten baumstamm im moos – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

Fliegenpilze wachsen auf einem alten Baumstamm im Moos

Fliegenpilze unterschiedlicher Größe wachsen in dichtem grünem Moos auf einem alten Baumstamm

wald pilze skizze. vintage-pflanzen, gravur pilz. isolierte pfifferling shiitake champignon, leckere kochzutat vektor-set – fungus stock-grafiken, -clipart, -cartoons und -symbole

Wald Pilze Skizze. Vintage-Pflanzen, Gravur Pilz. Isolierte…

Waldpilz-Skizze. Vintage-Pflanzen, Gravurpilze. Isolierte Chanterelle Shiitake Champignon, leckeres Kochzutaten-Vektor-Set. Pilz und Pfifferling, essbare Skizze Gemüseillustration

glücklicher mann mit korb pflücken pilze im wald – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

glücklicher Mann mit Korb pflücken Pilze im Wald

Pflücksaison und Freizeitkonzept – Glücklich lächelnder Mann mittleren Alters mit Weidenkorb voller Pilze im Herbstwald

pilze – fungus stock-fotos und bilderdie identifizierung von pilzen erfordert ein grundlegendes verständnis ihrer makroskopischen struktur – fungus stock-grafiken, -clipart, -cartoons und -symbole

Die Identifizierung von Pilzen erfordert ein grundlegendes Verstän

Herauszufinden, zu welcher Gattung Ihr Pilz gehört, wird manchmal einfacher, indem Sie wissen, ob er Amyloid-, Inamyloid- oder Dextrinoidsporen enthält oder nicht

gegrillte pilzspieße, grill von pilzen draufsicht. – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

Gegrillte Pilzspieße, Grill von Pilzen Draufsicht.

pilz handgezeichneten vektor-illustration. skizze küche zeichnen iso – fungus stock-grafiken, -clipart, -cartoons und -symbole

Pilz handgezeichneten Vektor-Illustration. Skizze Küche zeichnen…

Von Pilzen handgezeichnete Vektorillustration. Isolierte Sketch-Food-Zeichnung . Champignon, Morchel, Trüffel, Enokitake, Steinpilze, Austern, Honigpilz, Pfifferling Holz Ohr Shiitake Bio vegetarisches Produkt

pilze set – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

Pilze Set

frische pilze im behälter – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

frische Pilze im Behälter

Nahaufnahme von frischen Champignons, Champignons, im Behälter

pilze auf weißem hintergrund. – fungus stock-grafiken, -clipart, -cartoons und -symbole

Pilze auf weißem Hintergrund.

gekochter weißer reis mit pilz eine schüssel auf holzhintergrund. – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

Gekochter weißer Reis mit Pilz eine Schüssel auf Holzhintergrund.

fliegen agaric pilz hundekostüm – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

Fliegen Agaric Pilz Hundekostüm

Lustige Französische Bulldogge im einzigartigen Fliegenpilzkostüm steht im orangefarbenen Herbstwald mit Kopierraum

waldpilzen – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

Waldpilzen

Essbarer und leckerer Waldpilz. Boletus Edulis – Steinpilze

in der pfanne gebratene champignons – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

In der Pfanne gebratene Champignons

steinpilze pilze in den herbstlichen wald – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

Steinpilze Pilze in den herbstlichen Wald

Steinpilze auf Moos im Wald und Sonnenlicht. Gesund und delikates Essen.

set von isolierten niedlichen pilzen – fungus stock-grafiken, -clipart, -cartoons und -symbole

Set von isolierten niedlichen Pilzen

Satz isolierter niedlicher Pilze

birke bolete pilze, pfennig, roh gezapften schmier-stiel und auf weißem isoliertem hintergrund – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

Birke Bolete Pilze, Pfennig, roh gezapften Schmier-Stiel und auf. ..

vektor nahtlose bordüre aus bunten cartoon-giftpilzen und farnstielen isoliert vom hintergrund. amanita, falsche pilze und kräuter. – fungus stock-grafiken, -clipart, -cartoons und -symbole

Vektor nahtlose Bordüre aus bunten Cartoon-Giftpilzen und…

frische waldpilze, boletus edulis (königsbolete), pfennigbrötchen, steinpilz, steinpilz, steinpilz in einer alten schüssel, teller und rosmarinpetersilienkräuter auf dem dunkelbraunen holztisch, hintergrund – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

Frische Waldpilze, Boletus edulis (Königsbolete), Pfennigbrötchen,

Frische Waldpilze, Boletus edulis (Königspilze), Pfennigbrötchen, Steinpilze, Steinpilze, Pilze in einer alten Schüssel, Teller und Rosmarinpetersilienkräuter auf dem dunkelbraunen Holztisch, Draufsicht Hintergrund

meripilus giganteus – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

Meripilus giganteus

frisches gemüse holzkiste. bio-zucchini, tomaten, kartoffeln, paprika, zwiebeln, karotten, pilze in holzkiste. – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

Frisches Gemüse Holzkiste. Bio-Zucchini, Tomaten, Kartoffeln,…

eine gruppe jüngerer honigpilze in grünem moos – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

Eine Gruppe jüngerer Honigpilze in grünem Moos

Eine Gruppe jüngerer Honigpilze in grünem Moos mit verschwommenem Hintergrund

weißer pilz pilze, die in zimmerpflanzen wachsen – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

Weißer Pilz Pilze, die in Zimmerpflanzen wachsen

Pilze, die auf Zimmerpflanzen angebaut werden, aufgrund von zu viel Bewässerung. Pflanzen auf Balkonterrasse. Bild aufgenommen in London, UK im September 2022

ein mann kauft frische champignon-pilze auf einer bauernmesse, nimmt weiße champignon-pilze aus dem regal, um zu hause zu kochen. nahaufnahme der hände. pilzkonsumkonzept. – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

Ein Mann kauft frische Champignon-Pilze auf einer Bauernmesse,…

Ein Mann kauft frische Champignon-Pilze auf einer Bauernmesse, nimmt weiße Champignon-Pilze aus dem Regal, um sie zu Hause zu kochen. Nahaufnahme der Hände. Pilzkonsumkonzept.

psilocybin pilze – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

Psilocybin Pilze

Psilocybin-Pilz im Kapselhintergrund gemahlen

austernpilz auf weißem hintergrund – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

Austernpilz auf weißem Hintergrund

aquarellset aus grobem steinpilz und herbstlichen espenblättern – fungus stock-grafiken, -clipart, -cartoons und -symbole

Aquarellset aus grobem Steinpilz und herbstlichen Espenblättern

Rauer Steinpilz. Herbst-Espenblätter. Speisepilz. botanische Illustration. Aquarelle auf weißem Hintergrund. Isolierte Objekte

rinder-stroganoff, champignon-fleisch-ragout mit sahnesauce – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

Rinder-Stroganoff, Champignon-Fleisch-Ragout mit Sahnesauce

Rinderstroganoff, Pilz- und Fleischragout mit Sahnesauce, traditionelles russisches Gericht, in einer Pfanne, Overhead-Aufnahme auf schwarzem Hintergrund

frische pilze kochen in der pfanne – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

frische Pilze kochen in der Pfanne

zutaten für rustikale pilzspinat pasta. pilze, spinat, knoblauchzehe, pinienkerne, gewürze und petersilie auf holzhintergrund – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

Zutaten für rustikale Pilzspinat pasta. Pilze, Spinat,…

Zutaten für rustikale Pilzspinat-Nudeln. Pilze, Spinat, Knoblauchzehe, Pinienkerne, Gewürze, Olivenöl und Petersilie auf Holzgrund

pizza mit pilzen auf holztisch. italienisches essen – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

Pizza mit Pilzen auf Holztisch. Italienisches Essen

frische waldpilze, boletus edulis (king bolete), penny bun, cep, steinpilze in einer alten schale, teller auf dem dunkelbraunen holztisch, top view hintergrund banner panorama – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

Frische Waldpilze, Boletus edulis (King Bolete), Penny Bun, Cep,…

Frische Waldpilze, Steinpilze, Steinpilze, Steinpilze, Steinpilze in einer alten Schale, Teller auf dem dunkelbraunen Holztisch, Draufsicht Hintergrundbannerpanorama

frische pilze in einer schüssel – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

Frische Pilze in einer Schüssel

Nahaufnahme von Speisepilzen in einer Schüssel. Frische Pilze zum Kochen in der Küche.

rizomorph myzel schnur – fungus stock-fotos und bilder

Rizomorph Myzel Schnur

Rizomorphe Myzelschnur auf Totholz

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90,000 causes, first signs, main symptoms. Treatment of onychomycosis in Moscow

Do not leave your nails unattended

Nail fungus (medical name onychomycosis) is a fairly common disease. According to doctors, more than 15% of the world’s population suffers from it, although this pathology is diagnosed much less frequently (in 2% of people). This discrepancy is explained simply: the nail fungus does not threaten life, and if it worsens its quality, then in most cases it is very insignificant. Therefore, they do not always turn to a doctor about onychomycosis, trying to cope with the disease on their own or simply leaving it without treatment.

Nail fungus develops rather slowly. Therefore, the first signs of a fungal infection usually escape the attention of the patient. When the changes in the nail caused by the fungus begin to catch your eye, this means that the process has already gone far enough, and it will not be easy to defeat the fungus.

Onychomycosis is often perceived as a cosmetic problem: nails affected by a fungus look ugly. But it is necessary to fight the fungus not only in order to return the correct shape and shine to the nails. If the fungus is left untreated, it will spread further. The big toe nail is usually the first to be affected. If treatment is not started, the fungus passes to other toes, and since we inevitably touch our feet with our hands, then infection with the fungus of the nails and hands is also possible. The fungus also spreads to the skin surrounding the nail, causing it to become irritated and itchy.

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Causes of onychomycosis

Onychomycosis can be caused by various types of fungi. First of all, these are dermatophytes. In second place are yeast fungi of the genus Candida, which are always present in small quantities on human skin (they often affect the nails of the hands). Infection with mold fungi is also possible (usually they are accompanied by other pathogens. Isolated damage by mold fungi is typical not for ours, but for a tropical climate).

The risk of fungal infection increases with age. In children, nail fungus is very rare, and, conversely, in older people it is detected relatively often. At the same time, men suffer from onychomycosis more often than women.

The age specificity of the fungus is explained by the fact that our local immunity decreases over the years, while the natural defense of a young organism, as a rule, suppresses the activity of fungi well, preventing them from colonizing the nail plate. There is a dependence not only on local immunity, but also on the general one. Weakening of general immunity is a favorable background for the development of any fungal infection.

For fungi of the genus Candida, it is enough that there are problems with the immune system: they simply begin to multiply actively. Mushrooms of other species still need to somehow get into our body from the external environment. Some types of mushrooms can be carried by animals. Molds are found everywhere; they are able to reproduce without a host. However, in most cases, the fungal infection spreads from person to person.

Mushrooms love moist environments. Therefore, infection with the fungus often occurs in places where the humidity is high. These are swimming pools, saunas, locker rooms, gyms. Wearing socks and shoes on wet feet can also be a trigger.

If there are wounds and cracks, they allow the infection to get right into the tissues, avoiding the need to storm the protective barrier that forms the surface of our skin.

The spread of fungi is facilitated by negligence regarding personal hygiene: you can not use other people’s slippers, soap, towels. It is precisely because not every family follows this rule that nail fungus often becomes a family disease.

Damage to the nail usually starts from the edge. Dermatophytes penetrate
under the free edge of the nail plate (into the subungual notch). In this case
the pathological process develops mainly in the nail bed. The second way of penetration of fungi is from the nail fold. The fungus Candida usually affects the posterior nail fold first (paronychia occurs), and only then the nail itself suffers. One of the types of dermatophytes (T. mentagrophytes) can penetrate directly through the nail plate.

Symptoms of onychomycosis

Signs of nail fungus

The first sign of a fungal infection is the loss of luster of the nail, turbidity, discoloration. In cases where the infection affects the skin around the nail, itching is observed. If treatment is not started, the fungus begins to destroy the nail plate: the surface of the nail becomes rough, the nail can exfoliate, peel, break, crumble.

Specific manifestations depend on the pathogen, as well as on the location, duration of the pathological process and its form. There are normotrophic, hypertrophic and atrophic forms of fungal infection.

Normotrophic form

It is characterized by the fact that the thickness of the nail plate remains unchanged. The disease manifests itself in the form of white or yellowish spots, which gradually increase in size. In the end, the color of the entire nail changes. The nail plate can peel off, as the fusion of the nail with the subungual tissues is disrupted.

Hypertrophic

It is characterized by a significant increase in the thickness of the nail plate (due to the growth of the subungual epithelium). The nail acquires a brownish-yellowish or gray color. The nail plate usually actively crumbles. Especially strongly the nail is destroyed from the sides, as a result of which it acquires a claw-like shape.

Atrophic

With this form of fungal infection, the nail becomes thinner and destroyed, starting from the outer edge. Destruction goes deep into the posterior nail fold; the nail bed is filled with a loose mass formed by decaying particles of the epithelium. Eventually, the nail may be completely lost.

Diagnostic methods for onychomycosis

Discoloration and brittle nails should be a reason to visit a dermatologist. You should not replace the doctor and make a diagnosis yourself – you can make a mistake: changes in the nail may have a different reason.

The doctor makes a diagnosis based on a visual examination (a microscope can be used). Laboratory diagnostics is carried out to confirm the diagnosis. It is also necessary in order to establish the type of pathogen (this will allow you to prescribe the most effective treatment).

Laboratory diagnostics

At the appointment, the doctor will make a scraping from the affected nail plate. If the pathological process has affected only the free edge of the nail, then a scraping of the subungual epithelium is also taken.

Microscopy is performed in the laboratory. Cultural studies are also carried out (the material is placed in a favorable environment and see if a colony of fungi appears). Cultural studies allow you to determine which fungi caused the disease.

To accurately diagnose the disease, make an appointment with the specialists of the Family Doctor network.

Treatments for onychomycosis

Treatment for nail fungus

Treatment for nail fungus involves the removal of the affected part of the nail. Further treatment is carried out with the help of local antifungal agents (ointments, drops, sprays, varnishes). With significant lesions, the doctor may prescribe general antimycotic agents (tablets).

Since fungal activity increases in the face of immune problems, the proposed course of treatment may include measures aimed at increasing overall immunity.

Topical treatment

Local remedies (ointments, creams, drops) should preferably be applied to the open nail bed. Do not stop treating the affected area before the expiration date prescribed by the doctor. Before removing the treatment, the doctor will most likely do another scraping so that the laboratory test confirms the absence of the fungus. Otherwise, the risk of recurrence of the disease is high.

Do not self-medicate. Contact our specialists who will correctly diagnose and prescribe treatment.

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OLIMP Stop Mold. DEKART – production and sale of paints and varnishes

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Antiseptic to destroy and protect against mold, rot, fungus ka, moss, lichen on mineral surfaces and wood. It is used for processing facades, plinths and roofs of buildings, bathrooms, basements, cellars, greenhouses.

Brand: OLIMP

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• FASSIC *

  • 0.5 L
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169.00 ₽

≈157.80 ₽ for 1 liter

Delivery cost:
In Moscow within the Moscow Ring Road – from 400 ₽ for 3 hours!
In the Moscow region – from 1000₽ for 5 hours!
In Moscow when ordering from 7500₽ – FREE OF CHARGE!
MO when ordering from 10000₽ – FREE OF CHARGE!
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FEATURES

• For outdoor and indoor use
• Applied to wood, stone, brick, concrete, plaster, plasterboard s, tiles, ceramics and etc.
• Destroys existing mold, rot, fungus, moss, lichen
• Creates long-term protection against biodegradation and premature destruction
• Does not change the appearance of the surface
• Does not contain chlorine and other volatile harmful substances
• Does not interfere with the natural “breathing” of surfaces
• After drying, the antiseptic is safe for humans and animals 9010 8

CONSUMPTION

Approximately 1 kg per 4-5 sq. m. Loose and loose coatings must be removed beforehand.

APPLICATION

Apply with a soft brush or paint roller, spreading evenly over the surface in 1-2 coats. When using packaging with a trigger spray, apply the composition on a clean, dry surface by spraying from a distance of 20-30 cm, evenly distributing it over the surface. At a temperature of +20°C and normal air humidity, after 24 hours the treated surface can be painted with water-dispersion, alkyd, chlorinated rubber or oil materials. The temperature during work should not fall below +5°C. Clean tools immediately after use with water.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

Protective clothing, rubber gloves and goggles must be worn. Provide good ventilation. After work, wash your face and hands with warm water and soap. In case of contact with eyes and skin, rinse immediately with plenty of water. If unpleasant symptoms do not go away, consult a doctor. Fire and explosion proof. Keep away from children!

FEATURES

• Indoor and outdoor use
• Can be applied to wood, stone, brick, concrete, plaster, plasterboard, tiles, ceramics, etc.
• Destroys existing mold, rot, fungus, moss, lichen
• Creates long-term protection against biodegradation and premature decay
• Does not change the appearance of the surface breathing” surfaces
• After drying, the antiseptic is safe for people and animals

CONSUMPTION

Approx. m.

SURFACE PREPARATION

Thoroughly clean the surface of dirt, dust, mould, moss and lichen. Loose and loose coatings must be removed beforehand.

APPLICATION

Apply with a soft brush or paint roller, spreading evenly over the surface in 1-2 coats. When using packaging with a trigger spray, apply the composition on a clean, dry surface by spraying from a distance of 20-30 cm, evenly distributing it over the surface. At a temperature of +20°C and normal air humidity, after 24 hours the treated surface can be painted with water-dispersion, alkyd, chlorinated rubber or oil materials. The temperature during work should not fall below +5°C. Clean tools immediately after use with water.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

Protective clothing, rubber gloves and goggles must be worn. Provide good ventilation. After work, wash your face and hands with warm water and soap. In case of contact with eyes and skin, rinse immediately with plenty of water.