Image fungus. Fungus: Exploring the Fascinating World of Mushrooms and Molds
What are the different types of fungi. How do fungi impact our environment and health. What role do fungi play in ecosystems and industries. How can we identify and cultivate edible mushrooms safely. What are the risks and benefits of fungi in our daily lives.
The Diverse Kingdom of Fungi: From Microscopic Molds to Towering Mushrooms
Fungi represent a vast and diverse kingdom of organisms, ranging from microscopic molds to the familiar mushrooms we encounter in forests and grocery stores. These fascinating life forms play crucial roles in ecosystems, industries, and even our daily lives. Let’s delve into the world of fungi and explore their many facets.
How many species of fungi exist? Scientists estimate that there are between 2.2 to 3.8 million fungal species on Earth, with only about 148,000 currently identified and described. This vast diversity showcases the importance of fungi in our world and the potential for new discoveries.
Common Types of Fungi
- Mushrooms
- Molds
- Yeasts
- Lichens
- Mycorrhizae
Each type of fungus has unique characteristics and roles in nature and human activities. For instance, mushrooms are often prized for their culinary value, while molds can be both beneficial (in cheese production) and detrimental (causing food spoilage).
The Ecological Importance of Fungi: Nature’s Recyclers and Symbiotic Partners
Fungi play a vital role in maintaining the health of ecosystems worldwide. How do fungi contribute to ecosystem functioning? These organisms act as nature’s recyclers, breaking down dead organic matter and releasing nutrients back into the environment. This process, known as decomposition, is essential for nutrient cycling and soil fertility.
Additionally, many fungi form symbiotic relationships with plants through mycorrhizal associations. In these partnerships, fungi help plants absorb water and nutrients from the soil, while receiving carbohydrates in return. This mutually beneficial relationship enhances plant growth and contributes to overall ecosystem health.
Key Ecological Functions of Fungi
- Decomposition of organic matter
- Nutrient cycling
- Soil structure improvement
- Symbiotic relationships with plants
- Food source for various organisms
Understanding the ecological importance of fungi highlights the need for conservation efforts to protect these valuable organisms and the ecosystems they support.
Edible Fungi: A Culinary Adventure from Forest to Table
Many fungi, particularly mushrooms, are prized for their culinary value. From the common button mushroom to the exotic truffle, edible fungi offer a wide range of flavors, textures, and nutritional benefits. How can we safely identify and collect edible mushrooms?
It’s crucial to emphasize that mushroom foraging should only be undertaken with expert guidance or extensive knowledge. Many poisonous mushrooms closely resemble edible varieties, and misidentification can lead to severe illness or even death. Always consult a professional mycologist or experienced forager before consuming wild mushrooms.
Popular Edible Mushrooms
- Button mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus)
- Shiitake (Lentinula edodes)
- Oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus spp.)
- Porcini (Boletus edulis)
- Chanterelles (Cantharellus spp.)
- Truffles (Tuber spp.)
These fungi not only add flavor to our dishes but also provide various nutritional benefits, including protein, fiber, vitamins, and minerals.
The Dark Side of Fungi: Harmful Molds and Pathogenic Species
While many fungi are beneficial or harmless, some species can pose significant risks to human health, agriculture, and infrastructure. What are the potential dangers associated with certain fungi?
Molds, a type of fungus, can grow on various surfaces and materials, especially in damp environments. Some molds produce mycotoxins, which can cause allergic reactions, respiratory issues, and other health problems. In agriculture, fungal pathogens can devastate crops, leading to significant economic losses and food security concerns.
Common Harmful Fungi
- Black mold (Stachybotrys chartarum)
- Aspergillus species (causing aspergillosis)
- Candida albicans (causing candidiasis)
- Fusarium species (affecting crops)
- Cryptococcus neoformans (causing cryptococcosis)
Proper hygiene, moisture control, and early detection are essential in preventing and managing harmful fungal growth in homes and agricultural settings.
Fungi in Medicine: From Penicillin to Modern Pharmaceuticals
The discovery of penicillin, derived from the Penicillium mold, revolutionized modern medicine. Since then, fungi have continued to play a crucial role in pharmaceutical development. How have fungi contributed to medical advancements?
Many antibiotics, immunosuppressants, and other medications are derived from fungal sources. Researchers continue to explore the potential of fungi in developing new drugs to combat various diseases, including cancer and antibiotic-resistant infections.
Fungal-derived Medications
- Penicillin (antibacterial)
- Cyclosporine (immunosuppressant)
- Statins (cholesterol-lowering)
- Griseofulvin (antifungal)
- Ergotamine (migraine treatment)
The continued exploration of fungal biodiversity may lead to the discovery of new compounds with potential therapeutic applications.
Industrial Applications of Fungi: From Food Production to Biotechnology
Fungi have numerous applications in various industries, showcasing their versatility and importance beyond natural ecosystems. How are fungi utilized in industrial processes?
In food production, fungi are used to create a wide range of products, including cheese, bread, beer, and wine. Biotechnology harnesses the power of fungi for enzyme production, bioremediation, and the development of sustainable materials.
Industrial Uses of Fungi
- Fermentation in food and beverage production
- Enzyme production for various industries
- Bioremediation of polluted environments
- Mycelium-based materials as alternatives to plastics
- Biological pest control in agriculture
The industrial applications of fungi continue to expand as researchers discover new ways to harness their unique properties and capabilities.
Fungi in Art and Culture: From Ancient Rituals to Modern Aesthetics
Throughout history, fungi have played significant roles in human culture, art, and spirituality. How have fungi influenced human societies and creative expressions?
Many indigenous cultures have used fungi in religious and spiritual practices for centuries. In art, the unique forms and colors of mushrooms have inspired countless works across various mediums. Today, the fascination with fungi continues to influence contemporary art, design, and even fashion.
Cultural Significance of Fungi
- Shamanic use of psychoactive mushrooms
- Mushroom motifs in traditional art and folklore
- Fungi-inspired architecture and product design
- Mushroom dyes in textile production
- Emerging “mycophilia” in popular culture
The cultural impact of fungi reflects our complex relationship with these organisms and their enduring influence on human imagination and creativity.
The Future of Fungal Research: Unlocking Nature’s Secrets
As our understanding of fungi grows, so does the potential for new discoveries and applications. What areas of fungal research hold promise for the future?
Scientists are exploring the use of fungi in addressing global challenges such as climate change, pollution, and sustainable material production. Advances in genomics and biotechnology are opening new avenues for harnessing the power of fungi in medicine, agriculture, and industry.
Promising Areas of Fungal Research
- Mycoremediation for environmental cleanup
- Fungal-based materials for sustainable construction
- Novel pharmaceutical compounds from unexplored fungal species
- Enhancing crop resilience through mycorrhizal associations
- Fungal enzymes for industrial processes and biofuel production
The future of fungal research holds exciting possibilities for innovation and sustainable solutions to global challenges.
As we continue to unravel the mysteries of the fungal kingdom, it becomes increasingly clear that these diverse organisms play a vital role in our world. From their ecological importance to their applications in medicine, industry, and culture, fungi remain an integral part of life on Earth. By fostering a deeper understanding and appreciation of fungi, we can better harness their potential while preserving the delicate balance of our ecosystems.
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köstliche frische junge champignons in scheiben geschnitten in cremiger sauce – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
Köstliche frische junge Champignons in Scheiben geschnitten in. ..
Köstliche frische junge Champignons in Scheiben geschnitten in cremiger Sauce, die in einer schwarzen Pfanne gekocht wird
set von verschiedenen waldpilze und fliegenpilze. vektor-illustration im flachen cartoon-stil – fungus stock-grafiken, -clipart, -cartoons und -symbole
Set von verschiedenen Waldpilze und Fliegenpilze. Vektor-Illustrat
Sammelset verschiedener Pilzarten für Lebensmittel und giftige Pilze Gruppe Fliegenpilz Symbole. Herbstwaldpflanzenkonzept. Isolierte Vektorsymbolillustration auf weißem Hintergrund im Cartoon-Stil
frühmorgendliches wachstum von pilzen auf dem feuchten waldboden – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
Frühmorgendliches Wachstum von Pilzen auf dem feuchten Waldboden
nahaufnahme von einen großen steinpilz im wald. – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
Nahaufnahme von einen großen Steinpilz im Wald.
Seitliche Aufnahme von einen allein stehender Steinpilz (Boletus edulis) der im Wald wächst.
suillus luteus pilz isoliert auf weißem grund – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
Suillus luteus Pilz isoliert auf weißem Grund
Suillus luteus Pilz isoliert auf weißem Hintergrund
feinschmeckergericht mit fleisch, kürbis, pfifferlingen und parmesansalatgarnitur – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
Feinschmeckergericht mit Fleisch, Kürbis, Pfifferlingen und…
trompetenflechten baumstamm – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
Trompetenflechten Baumstamm
champignons. zum ausmalen von buchseiten. – fungus stock-grafiken, -clipart, -cartoons und -symbole
Champignons. Zum Ausmalen von Buchseiten.
viele pilze im korb – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
viele Pilze im Korb
viele Pilze in einem Korb
nahaufnahme von wildpilzen – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
Nahaufnahme von Wildpilzen
nahaufnahme von weißem schimmel, der auf erde im blumentopf wächst, übermäßige bewässerung und feuchter boden fördern das schimmelwachstum – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
Nahaufnahme von weißem Schimmel, der auf Erde im Blumentopf wächst
Nahaufnahme von weißem Schimmel, der auf Erde im Blumentopf wächst, übermäßiges Gießen und feuchter Boden fördern das Schimmelwachstum.
nahaufnahme eines verschimmelt orange auf weißem hintergrund – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
Nahaufnahme eines verschimmelt Orange auf weißem Hintergrund
niedliches fliegenpilz im flachen stil, vektornahtloses muster – fungus stock-grafiken, -clipart, -cartoons und -symbole
Niedliches Fliegenpilz im flachen Stil, vektornahtloses Muster
Niedlicher Fliegenpilz im flachen Stil, Vektor nahtloses Muster.
pilze – fungus stock-fotos und bilderabgestandene avocado vor weißem hintergrund – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
Abgestandene Avocado vor weißem Hintergrund
Altbackene Avocado vor weißem Hintergrund
nahaufnahme von kleinen braunen pilzen, die in einem plastiktopf einer monstera-pflanze wachsen, pilzbefall in der blumenerde von zimmerpflanzen – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
Nahaufnahme von kleinen braunen Pilzen, die in einem Plastiktopf…
mushroom beef stroganoff mit rotwein auf rustikalen texturen – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
Mushroom Beef Stroganoff mit Rotwein auf rustikalen Texturen
frische steinpilze auf mit hintergrund isoliert – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
Frische Steinpilze auf mit Hintergrund isoliert
amethyst deceiver pilze – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
Amethyst Deceiver Pilze
pilz- und spargelrisotto – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
Pilz- und Spargelrisotto
Auf der Seite eines Pilz-Spargel-Risottos, serviert auf einer weißen Schale mit einer Gabel, einem Glas Weißwein und einer Reibe und Spargel auf einem Schneidebrett, umgeben von einem karierten Tuch. Vertikales Bild
zwei kleine pilze mit hell leuchtenden kappen stehen im feuchten moos. – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
Zwei kleine Pilze mit hell leuchtenden Kappen stehen im feuchten…
legen sie den strahlungskoffer, den sauren regen und die radioaktive wolke, den radioaktiven schild, die reagenzglasstrahlung, den kernreaktorarbeiter, das atom und das warndokumentsymbol fest. vektor – fungus stock-grafiken, -clipart, -cartoons und -symbole
Legen Sie den Strahlungskoffer, den sauren Regen und die…
gnocchi pasta mit kürbis – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
Gnocchi Pasta mit Kürbis
Gnocchi Pasta mit Kürbis, Pilzen und Haselnüssen. Kürbis-Pasta-Mahlzeit serviert in einer Schüssel auf blauem Tisch.
verspritzte faule tomaten, die auf weiß isoliert sind. schimmelige, spritzige und verwöhnte tomaten. – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
Verspritzte faule Tomaten, die auf Weiß isoliert sind….
Obst, Gemüse mit einer Krankheit
eine nahaufnahme mit einem erkrankten aprikosenblatt – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
Eine Nahaufnahme mit einem erkrankten Aprikosenblatt
nasser schiefer mit flechte 2 – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
Nasser Schiefer mit Flechte 2
fliegenpilze wachsen auf einem alten baumstamm im moos – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
Fliegenpilze wachsen auf einem alten Baumstamm im Moos
Fliegenpilze unterschiedlicher Größe wachsen in dichtem grünem Moos auf einem alten Baumstamm
wald pilze skizze. vintage-pflanzen, gravur pilz. isolierte pfifferling shiitake champignon, leckere kochzutat vektor-set – fungus stock-grafiken, -clipart, -cartoons und -symbole
Wald Pilze Skizze. Vintage-Pflanzen, Gravur Pilz. Isolierte…
Waldpilz-Skizze. Vintage-Pflanzen, Gravurpilze. Isolierte Chanterelle Shiitake Champignon, leckeres Kochzutaten-Vektor-Set. Pilz und Pfifferling, essbare Skizze Gemüseillustration
glücklicher mann mit korb pflücken pilze im wald – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
glücklicher Mann mit Korb pflücken Pilze im Wald
Pflücksaison und Freizeitkonzept – Glücklich lächelnder Mann mittleren Alters mit Weidenkorb voller Pilze im Herbstwald
pilze – fungus stock-fotos und bilderdie identifizierung von pilzen erfordert ein grundlegendes verständnis ihrer makroskopischen struktur – fungus stock-grafiken, -clipart, -cartoons und -symbole
Die Identifizierung von Pilzen erfordert ein grundlegendes Verstän
Herauszufinden, zu welcher Gattung Ihr Pilz gehört, wird manchmal einfacher, indem Sie wissen, ob er Amyloid-, Inamyloid- oder Dextrinoidsporen enthält oder nicht
gegrillte pilzspieße, grill von pilzen draufsicht. – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
Gegrillte Pilzspieße, Grill von Pilzen Draufsicht.
pilz handgezeichneten vektor-illustration. skizze küche zeichnen iso – fungus stock-grafiken, -clipart, -cartoons und -symbole
Pilz handgezeichneten Vektor-Illustration. Skizze Küche zeichnen…
Von Pilzen handgezeichnete Vektorillustration. Isolierte Sketch-Food-Zeichnung . Champignon, Morchel, Trüffel, Enokitake, Steinpilze, Austern, Honigpilz, Pfifferling Holz Ohr Shiitake Bio vegetarisches Produkt
pilze set – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
Pilze Set
frische pilze im behälter – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
frische Pilze im Behälter
Nahaufnahme von frischen Champignons, Champignons, im Behälter
pilze auf weißem hintergrund. – fungus stock-grafiken, -clipart, -cartoons und -symbole
Pilze auf weißem Hintergrund.
gekochter weißer reis mit pilz eine schüssel auf holzhintergrund. – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
Gekochter weißer Reis mit Pilz eine Schüssel auf Holzhintergrund.
fliegen agaric pilz hundekostüm – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
Fliegen Agaric Pilz Hundekostüm
Lustige Französische Bulldogge im einzigartigen Fliegenpilzkostüm steht im orangefarbenen Herbstwald mit Kopierraum
waldpilzen – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
Waldpilzen
Essbarer und leckerer Waldpilz. Boletus Edulis – Steinpilze
in der pfanne gebratene champignons – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
In der Pfanne gebratene Champignons
steinpilze pilze in den herbstlichen wald – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
Steinpilze Pilze in den herbstlichen Wald
Steinpilze auf Moos im Wald und Sonnenlicht. Gesund und delikates Essen.
set von isolierten niedlichen pilzen – fungus stock-grafiken, -clipart, -cartoons und -symbole
Set von isolierten niedlichen Pilzen
Satz isolierter niedlicher Pilze
birke bolete pilze, pfennig, roh gezapften schmier-stiel und auf weißem isoliertem hintergrund – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
Birke Bolete Pilze, Pfennig, roh gezapften Schmier-Stiel und auf. ..
vektor nahtlose bordüre aus bunten cartoon-giftpilzen und farnstielen isoliert vom hintergrund. amanita, falsche pilze und kräuter. – fungus stock-grafiken, -clipart, -cartoons und -symbole
Vektor nahtlose Bordüre aus bunten Cartoon-Giftpilzen und…
frische waldpilze, boletus edulis (königsbolete), pfennigbrötchen, steinpilz, steinpilz, steinpilz in einer alten schüssel, teller und rosmarinpetersilienkräuter auf dem dunkelbraunen holztisch, hintergrund – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
Frische Waldpilze, Boletus edulis (Königsbolete), Pfennigbrötchen,
Frische Waldpilze, Boletus edulis (Königspilze), Pfennigbrötchen, Steinpilze, Steinpilze, Pilze in einer alten Schüssel, Teller und Rosmarinpetersilienkräuter auf dem dunkelbraunen Holztisch, Draufsicht Hintergrund
meripilus giganteus – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
Meripilus giganteus
frisches gemüse holzkiste. bio-zucchini, tomaten, kartoffeln, paprika, zwiebeln, karotten, pilze in holzkiste. – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
Frisches Gemüse Holzkiste. Bio-Zucchini, Tomaten, Kartoffeln,…
eine gruppe jüngerer honigpilze in grünem moos – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
Eine Gruppe jüngerer Honigpilze in grünem Moos
Eine Gruppe jüngerer Honigpilze in grünem Moos mit verschwommenem Hintergrund
weißer pilz pilze, die in zimmerpflanzen wachsen – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
Weißer Pilz Pilze, die in Zimmerpflanzen wachsen
Pilze, die auf Zimmerpflanzen angebaut werden, aufgrund von zu viel Bewässerung. Pflanzen auf Balkonterrasse. Bild aufgenommen in London, UK im September 2022
ein mann kauft frische champignon-pilze auf einer bauernmesse, nimmt weiße champignon-pilze aus dem regal, um zu hause zu kochen. nahaufnahme der hände. pilzkonsumkonzept. – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
Ein Mann kauft frische Champignon-Pilze auf einer Bauernmesse,…
Ein Mann kauft frische Champignon-Pilze auf einer Bauernmesse, nimmt weiße Champignon-Pilze aus dem Regal, um sie zu Hause zu kochen. Nahaufnahme der Hände. Pilzkonsumkonzept.
psilocybin pilze – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
Psilocybin Pilze
Psilocybin-Pilz im Kapselhintergrund gemahlen
austernpilz auf weißem hintergrund – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
Austernpilz auf weißem Hintergrund
aquarellset aus grobem steinpilz und herbstlichen espenblättern – fungus stock-grafiken, -clipart, -cartoons und -symbole
Aquarellset aus grobem Steinpilz und herbstlichen Espenblättern
Rauer Steinpilz. Herbst-Espenblätter. Speisepilz. botanische Illustration. Aquarelle auf weißem Hintergrund. Isolierte Objekte
rinder-stroganoff, champignon-fleisch-ragout mit sahnesauce – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
Rinder-Stroganoff, Champignon-Fleisch-Ragout mit Sahnesauce
Rinderstroganoff, Pilz- und Fleischragout mit Sahnesauce, traditionelles russisches Gericht, in einer Pfanne, Overhead-Aufnahme auf schwarzem Hintergrund
frische pilze kochen in der pfanne – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
frische Pilze kochen in der Pfanne
zutaten für rustikale pilzspinat pasta. pilze, spinat, knoblauchzehe, pinienkerne, gewürze und petersilie auf holzhintergrund – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
Zutaten für rustikale Pilzspinat pasta. Pilze, Spinat,…
Zutaten für rustikale Pilzspinat-Nudeln. Pilze, Spinat, Knoblauchzehe, Pinienkerne, Gewürze, Olivenöl und Petersilie auf Holzgrund
pizza mit pilzen auf holztisch. italienisches essen – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
Pizza mit Pilzen auf Holztisch. Italienisches Essen
frische waldpilze, boletus edulis (king bolete), penny bun, cep, steinpilze in einer alten schale, teller auf dem dunkelbraunen holztisch, top view hintergrund banner panorama – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
Frische Waldpilze, Boletus edulis (King Bolete), Penny Bun, Cep,…
Frische Waldpilze, Steinpilze, Steinpilze, Steinpilze, Steinpilze in einer alten Schale, Teller auf dem dunkelbraunen Holztisch, Draufsicht Hintergrundbannerpanorama
frische pilze in einer schüssel – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
Frische Pilze in einer Schüssel
Nahaufnahme von Speisepilzen in einer Schüssel. Frische Pilze zum Kochen in der Küche.
rizomorph myzel schnur – fungus stock-fotos und bilder
Rizomorph Myzel Schnur
Rizomorphe Myzelschnur auf Totholz
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100+ Fungi Pictures | Download Free Images on Unsplash
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90,000 causes, first signs, main symptoms. Treatment of onychomycosis in Moscow
Do not leave your nails unattended
Nail fungus (medical name onychomycosis) is a fairly common disease. According to doctors, more than 15% of the world’s population suffers from it, although this pathology is diagnosed much less frequently (in 2% of people). This discrepancy is explained simply: the nail fungus does not threaten life, and if it worsens its quality, then in most cases it is very insignificant. Therefore, they do not always turn to a doctor about onychomycosis, trying to cope with the disease on their own or simply leaving it without treatment.
Nail fungus develops rather slowly. Therefore, the first signs of a fungal infection usually escape the attention of the patient. When the changes in the nail caused by the fungus begin to catch your eye, this means that the process has already gone far enough, and it will not be easy to defeat the fungus.
Onychomycosis is often perceived as a cosmetic problem: nails affected by a fungus look ugly. But it is necessary to fight the fungus not only in order to return the correct shape and shine to the nails. If the fungus is left untreated, it will spread further. The big toe nail is usually the first to be affected. If treatment is not started, the fungus passes to other toes, and since we inevitably touch our feet with our hands, then infection with the fungus of the nails and hands is also possible. The fungus also spreads to the skin surrounding the nail, causing it to become irritated and itchy.
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Causes of onychomycosis
Onychomycosis can be caused by various types of fungi. First of all, these are dermatophytes. In second place are yeast fungi of the genus Candida, which are always present in small quantities on human skin (they often affect the nails of the hands). Infection with mold fungi is also possible (usually they are accompanied by other pathogens. Isolated damage by mold fungi is typical not for ours, but for a tropical climate).
The risk of fungal infection increases with age. In children, nail fungus is very rare, and, conversely, in older people it is detected relatively often. At the same time, men suffer from onychomycosis more often than women.
The age specificity of the fungus is explained by the fact that our local immunity decreases over the years, while the natural defense of a young organism, as a rule, suppresses the activity of fungi well, preventing them from colonizing the nail plate. There is a dependence not only on local immunity, but also on the general one. Weakening of general immunity is a favorable background for the development of any fungal infection.
For fungi of the genus Candida, it is enough that there are problems with the immune system: they simply begin to multiply actively. Mushrooms of other species still need to somehow get into our body from the external environment. Some types of mushrooms can be carried by animals. Molds are found everywhere; they are able to reproduce without a host. However, in most cases, the fungal infection spreads from person to person.
Mushrooms love moist environments. Therefore, infection with the fungus often occurs in places where the humidity is high. These are swimming pools, saunas, locker rooms, gyms. Wearing socks and shoes on wet feet can also be a trigger.
If there are wounds and cracks, they allow the infection to get right into the tissues, avoiding the need to storm the protective barrier that forms the surface of our skin.
The spread of fungi is facilitated by negligence regarding personal hygiene: you can not use other people’s slippers, soap, towels. It is precisely because not every family follows this rule that nail fungus often becomes a family disease.
Damage to the nail usually starts from the edge. Dermatophytes penetrate
under the free edge of the nail plate (into the subungual notch). In this case
the pathological process develops mainly in the nail bed. The second way of penetration of fungi is from the nail fold. The fungus Candida usually affects the posterior nail fold first (paronychia occurs), and only then the nail itself suffers. One of the types of dermatophytes (T. mentagrophytes) can penetrate directly through the nail plate.
Symptoms of onychomycosis
Signs of nail fungus
The first sign of a fungal infection is the loss of luster of the nail, turbidity, discoloration. In cases where the infection affects the skin around the nail, itching is observed. If treatment is not started, the fungus begins to destroy the nail plate: the surface of the nail becomes rough, the nail can exfoliate, peel, break, crumble.
Specific manifestations depend on the pathogen, as well as on the location, duration of the pathological process and its form. There are normotrophic, hypertrophic and atrophic forms of fungal infection.
Normotrophic form
It is characterized by the fact that the thickness of the nail plate remains unchanged. The disease manifests itself in the form of white or yellowish spots, which gradually increase in size. In the end, the color of the entire nail changes. The nail plate can peel off, as the fusion of the nail with the subungual tissues is disrupted.
Hypertrophic
It is characterized by a significant increase in the thickness of the nail plate (due to the growth of the subungual epithelium). The nail acquires a brownish-yellowish or gray color. The nail plate usually actively crumbles. Especially strongly the nail is destroyed from the sides, as a result of which it acquires a claw-like shape.
Atrophic
With this form of fungal infection, the nail becomes thinner and destroyed, starting from the outer edge. Destruction goes deep into the posterior nail fold; the nail bed is filled with a loose mass formed by decaying particles of the epithelium. Eventually, the nail may be completely lost.
Diagnostic methods for onychomycosis
Discoloration and brittle nails should be a reason to visit a dermatologist. You should not replace the doctor and make a diagnosis yourself – you can make a mistake: changes in the nail may have a different reason.
The doctor makes a diagnosis based on a visual examination (a microscope can be used). Laboratory diagnostics is carried out to confirm the diagnosis. It is also necessary in order to establish the type of pathogen (this will allow you to prescribe the most effective treatment).
Laboratory diagnostics
At the appointment, the doctor will make a scraping from the affected nail plate. If the pathological process has affected only the free edge of the nail, then a scraping of the subungual epithelium is also taken.
Microscopy is performed in the laboratory. Cultural studies are also carried out (the material is placed in a favorable environment and see if a colony of fungi appears). Cultural studies allow you to determine which fungi caused the disease.
To accurately diagnose the disease, make an appointment with the specialists of the Family Doctor network.
Treatments for onychomycosis
Treatment for nail fungus
Treatment for nail fungus involves the removal of the affected part of the nail. Further treatment is carried out with the help of local antifungal agents (ointments, drops, sprays, varnishes). With significant lesions, the doctor may prescribe general antimycotic agents (tablets).
Since fungal activity increases in the face of immune problems, the proposed course of treatment may include measures aimed at increasing overall immunity.
Topical treatment
Local remedies (ointments, creams, drops) should preferably be applied to the open nail bed. Do not stop treating the affected area before the expiration date prescribed by the doctor. Before removing the treatment, the doctor will most likely do another scraping so that the laboratory test confirms the absence of the fungus. Otherwise, the risk of recurrence of the disease is high.
Do not self-medicate. Contact our specialists who will correctly diagnose and prescribe treatment.
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Antiseptic to destroy and protect against mold, rot, fungus ka, moss, lichen on mineral surfaces and wood. It is used for processing facades, plinths and roofs of buildings, bathrooms, basements, cellars, greenhouses.
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FEATURES
- For outdoor and indoor use
- Applied to wood, stone, brick, concrete, plaster, plasterboard s, tiles, ceramics and etc.
- Destroys existing mold, rot, fungus, moss, lichen
- Creates long-term protection against biodegradation and premature destruction
- Does not change the appearance of the surface
- Does not contain chlorine and other volatile harmful substances
- Does not interfere with the natural “breathing” of surfaces
- After drying, the antiseptic is safe for humans and animals 9010 8
CONSUMPTION
Approximately 1 kg per 4-5 sq. m. Loose and loose coatings must be removed beforehand.
APPLICATION
Apply with a soft brush or paint roller, spreading evenly over the surface in 1-2 coats. When using packaging with a trigger spray, apply the composition on a clean, dry surface by spraying from a distance of 20-30 cm, evenly distributing it over the surface. At a temperature of +20°C and normal air humidity, after 24 hours the treated surface can be painted with water-dispersion, alkyd, chlorinated rubber or oil materials. The temperature during work should not fall below +5°C. Clean tools immediately after use with water.
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
Protective clothing, rubber gloves and goggles must be worn. Provide good ventilation. After work, wash your face and hands with warm water and soap. In case of contact with eyes and skin, rinse immediately with plenty of water. If unpleasant symptoms do not go away, consult a doctor. Fire and explosion proof. Keep away from children!
FEATURES
- Indoor and outdoor use
- Can be applied to wood, stone, brick, concrete, plaster, plasterboard, tiles, ceramics, etc.
- Destroys existing mold, rot, fungus, moss, lichen
- Creates long-term protection against biodegradation and premature decay
- Does not change the appearance of the surface breathing” surfaces
- After drying, the antiseptic is safe for people and animals
CONSUMPTION
Approx. m.
SURFACE PREPARATION
Thoroughly clean the surface of dirt, dust, mould, moss and lichen. Loose and loose coatings must be removed beforehand.
APPLICATION
Apply with a soft brush or paint roller, spreading evenly over the surface in 1-2 coats. When using packaging with a trigger spray, apply the composition on a clean, dry surface by spraying from a distance of 20-30 cm, evenly distributing it over the surface. At a temperature of +20°C and normal air humidity, after 24 hours the treated surface can be painted with water-dispersion, alkyd, chlorinated rubber or oil materials. The temperature during work should not fall below +5°C. Clean tools immediately after use with water.
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
Protective clothing, rubber gloves and goggles must be worn. Provide good ventilation. After work, wash your face and hands with warm water and soap. In case of contact with eyes and skin, rinse immediately with plenty of water.