What are the common causes of a persistent low grade fever. How can you recognize the symptoms of a prolonged low grade fever. What treatments are available for addressing persistent low grade fevers.

Understanding Persistent Low Grade Fever

A persistent low grade fever is characterized by a slightly elevated body temperature that remains between 100.5°F and 102.2°F for more than two weeks. While the average human body temperature is around 98.6°F, it’s normal for this to fluctuate throughout the day. When the body temperature stays consistently above normal for an extended period, it often indicates that the immune system is actively fighting an underlying condition.

What Defines a Low Grade Fever?

A low grade fever is typically defined as a body temperature between 100.5°F and 102.2°F. This slight elevation in temperature is often the body’s natural response to infection or other health issues. When this fever persists for more than two weeks, it’s classified as a persistent low grade fever, warranting further investigation into its root cause.

Common Symptoms Accompanying Persistent Low Grade Fever

While some individuals may barely notice a low grade fever, others might experience a range of symptoms. These can include:

• Feeling warm to the touch
• Sweating
• Chills or shivering
• Headaches
• Muscle aches
• Dehydration
• General malaise or feeling unwell

It’s important to note that these symptoms can vary in intensity and may not all be present in every case of persistent low grade fever.

Respiratory Infections as a Cause of Prolonged Low Grade Fever

Respiratory infections are among the most common causes of persistent low grade fever. Conditions such as the common cold or influenza can lead to an elevated body temperature that lasts as long as the body takes to overcome the infection.

Recognizing Respiratory Infection Symptoms

In addition to a low grade fever, respiratory infections often present with:

• Coughing
• Sneezing
• Nasal congestion or runny nose
• Sore throat
• Chills
• Fatigue
• Reduced appetite

Many respiratory infections are self-limiting and will resolve with time and proper rest. However, if symptoms persist or worsen, medical attention may be necessary.

Urinary Tract Infections and Their Impact on Body Temperature

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are another potential cause of persistent low grade fever. These bacterial infections can occur anywhere in the urinary system, including the bladder, urethra, kidneys, and ureters.

Identifying UTI Symptoms

Beyond a low grade fever, UTIs often manifest with:

• Abdominal pain
• Burning sensation during urination
• Increased frequency of urination
• Persistent urge to urinate
• Dark or cloudy urine

Most UTIs can be effectively treated with a course of antibiotics. Healthcare providers may analyze a urine sample to determine the specific bacteria causing the infection and prescribe the most appropriate antibiotic treatment.

Other Infections Contributing to Persistent Low Grade Fever

While respiratory infections and UTIs are common culprits, almost any infection can potentially cause a persistent low grade fever. The elevated body temperature is part of the immune system’s response to foreign invaders.

Additional Sources of Infection

Other infections that may lead to a prolonged low grade fever include:

• Food poisoning
• Zoonotic diseases (transmitted from animals to humans)
• Tuberculosis
• Meningitis

If symptoms of infection persist alongside a fever, despite rest and time, it’s crucial to seek medical advice for proper diagnosis and treatment.

Medication-Induced Low Grade Fever

In some cases, medications can be the root cause of a persistent low grade fever. This side effect is often listed in the drug information provided with prescriptions or over-the-counter medications.

Identifying Medication-Related Fever

A fever caused by medication typically resolves quickly once the drug is discontinued. According to a 2018 review, drug-induced fevers usually subside within 72 hours of stopping the medication. If you suspect a medication may be causing your fever, consult with a healthcare provider before making any changes to your treatment regimen.

The Link Between Chronic Stress and Low Grade Fever

Interestingly, chronic stress can sometimes manifest as a persistent low grade fever. This phenomenon, often referred to as “psychogenic fever,” is more commonly observed in young women, according to a 2015 research paper.

Managing Stress-Induced Fever

If chronic stress is the underlying cause of a persistent low grade fever, addressing and reducing stress levels may help resolve the issue. Stress management techniques such as meditation, regular exercise, and adequate sleep can be beneficial in these cases.

Cancer as a Rare Cause of Persistent Low Grade Fever

While uncommon, a persistent low grade fever with no apparent cause can sometimes be an indicator of certain types of cancer. Leukemia, Hodgkin’s disease, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma are examples of cancers that may present with a prolonged low grade fever.

Recognizing Potential Cancer Symptoms

In addition to a persistent fever, other symptoms that may warrant further investigation include:

• Chronic fatigue
• Unexplained weakness
• Persistent headaches
• Frequent infections
• Loss of appetite
• Unusual bruising or bleeding
• Unexplained weight loss
• Enlarged lymph nodes
• Night sweats

It’s important to note that these symptoms are not exclusive to cancer and can be associated with various other conditions. However, if you experience these symptoms alongside a persistent low grade fever, it’s crucial to consult with a healthcare provider for a thorough evaluation.

Diagnostic Approaches for Persistent Low Grade Fever

When faced with a persistent low grade fever, healthcare providers employ various diagnostic strategies to identify the underlying cause. The diagnostic process often begins with a comprehensive medical history and physical examination.

Common Diagnostic Tests

Depending on the suspected cause, diagnostic tests may include:

• Blood tests to check for infections or inflammatory markers
• Urine analysis to detect urinary tract infections
• Chest X-rays to identify respiratory infections
• Cultures of blood, urine, or other bodily fluids to isolate pathogens
• Imaging studies such as CT scans or MRIs to look for internal abnormalities

In some cases, more specialized tests may be necessary to pinpoint the exact cause of the persistent low grade fever.

Treatment Options for Persistent Low Grade Fever

The treatment for a persistent low grade fever largely depends on its underlying cause. Once the root issue is identified, healthcare providers can recommend appropriate interventions.

Common Treatment Approaches

Treatment strategies may include:

• Antibiotics for bacterial infections
• Antiviral medications for certain viral infections
• Over-the-counter fever reducers like acetaminophen or ibuprofen
• Stress reduction techniques for stress-induced fevers
• Discontinuation or adjustment of medications if drug-induced
• Targeted therapies for more serious underlying conditions

It’s crucial to follow medical advice and complete any prescribed treatments, even if symptoms improve before the course is finished.

When to Seek Medical Attention for a Persistent Low Grade Fever

While many cases of persistent low grade fever resolve on their own or with simple treatments, certain situations warrant immediate medical attention.

Red Flags for Immediate Care

Seek medical help if you experience:

• A fever above 103°F (39.4°C)
• Fever accompanied by severe headache and neck stiffness
• Fever with confusion or altered mental state
• Fever with difficulty breathing
• Fever in immunocompromised individuals
• Fever that persists for more than three weeks without a clear cause

These situations may indicate more serious underlying conditions that require prompt medical evaluation and treatment.

Preventing Persistent Low Grade Fever

While not all cases of persistent low grade fever can be prevented, there are steps you can take to reduce your risk of developing certain underlying conditions that may cause fever.

Preventive Measures

Consider implementing these preventive strategies:

• Practice good hygiene, including regular handwashing
• Stay up to date on vaccinations
• Maintain a healthy lifestyle with proper nutrition and regular exercise
• Manage stress through relaxation techniques and self-care
• Avoid close contact with individuals who are ill
• Stay hydrated and get adequate rest

By adopting these habits, you can support your overall health and potentially reduce your risk of developing conditions that may lead to persistent low grade fever.

Living with Persistent Low Grade Fever: Coping Strategies

Dealing with a persistent low grade fever can be challenging, especially when the cause is not immediately apparent. While working with healthcare providers to identify and address the underlying issue, there are ways to manage symptoms and maintain quality of life.

Symptom Management Techniques

Consider these strategies for coping with persistent low grade fever:

• Stay well-hydrated to replace fluids lost through sweating
• Rest adequately to support your body’s healing processes
• Use cool compresses or take lukewarm baths to help manage body temperature
• Wear lightweight, breathable clothing to stay comfortable
• Maintain a cool, comfortable environment
• Follow your healthcare provider’s recommendations for over-the-counter fever reducers

Remember that while these techniques can help manage symptoms, they do not address the underlying cause of the fever. Continued medical follow-up is essential for proper diagnosis and treatment.

The Impact of Persistent Low Grade Fever on Daily Life

Living with a persistent low grade fever can affect various aspects of daily life, from work performance to social interactions. Understanding these potential impacts can help individuals better navigate their condition and seek appropriate support.

Areas of Life Affected by Persistent Fever

A prolonged low grade fever may influence:

• Energy levels and overall fatigue
• Cognitive function and concentration
• Physical performance and exercise tolerance
• Sleep patterns and quality
• Appetite and nutrition
• Emotional well-being and mood

Recognizing these potential effects can help individuals and their support systems develop strategies to maintain quality of life while managing the condition. Open communication with healthcare providers, employers, and loved ones about the challenges of living with a persistent low grade fever can foster understanding and facilitate necessary accommodations.

Future Directions in Persistent Low Grade Fever Research

As medical science advances, researchers continue to explore new avenues for understanding, diagnosing, and treating persistent low grade fever. These efforts aim to improve patient outcomes and quality of life for those affected by this condition.

Emerging Areas of Study

Current and future research directions include:

• Advanced diagnostic techniques for rapid identification of fever causes
• Exploration of the relationship between the microbiome and persistent fever
• Investigation of genetic factors that may predispose individuals to chronic low grade fever
• Development of targeted therapies for specific underlying conditions
• Study of long-term effects of persistent low grade fever on overall health
• Examination of the role of environmental factors in prolonged fever

As research progresses, it’s likely that our understanding of persistent low grade fever will continue to evolve, potentially leading to more effective prevention strategies and treatment options in the future.

Persistent low grade fever: Causes and treatments

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The normal human body temperature is about 98.6°F, but it fluctuates throughout the day. A low grade fever is when the body temperature rises slightly, usually between about 100.5°F and 102.2°F.

The fever is persistent when the body temperature stays in this range for more than 2 weeks.

A fever is commonly a result of the body trying to fight off an infection or another illness. However, some cases are more difficult to diagnose and treat.

Continue reading to learn more about the symptoms, causes, and treatment of a persistent low grade fever.

Share on PinterestIf the body is fighting off an infection, a person may experience a persistent low grade fever.

Some people may hardly notice that they have a low grade fever. However, others may experience various symptoms, including:

• feeling warm to the touch
• sweating
• chills
• shivering
• headaches
• muscle aches
• dehydration
• a general feeling of being unwell

A persistent low grade fever is typically a sign that the body is fighting off an infection or another health issue and has raised its temperature to help these efforts.

These underlying issues can include:

Respiratory infections

Respiratory infections can cause a persistent low grade fever. Some of the most common respiratory infections, such as a cold or the flu, may cause a low grade fever that lasts for as long as the body takes to fight off the infection.

Other symptoms that may indicate a respiratory infection include:

• coughing
• sneezing
• a stuffy or runny nose
• a sore throat
• chills
• general fatigue
• lack of appetite

Many simple respiratory infections do not require treatment, and the symptoms will go away in time.

Urinary tract infections

A urinary tract infection (UTI) may also be the underlying cause of a low grade fever. A UTI is a bacterial infection that occurs when bacteria multiply anywhere in the urinary tract, which includes the bladder, urethra, kidneys, and ureters.

In addition to a low grade fever, the person may experience symptoms such as:

• pain in the abdomen
• a burning sensation while peeing
• frequent urination
• a constant urge to urinate
• dark urine

Most UTIs are simple to treat with antibiotics. The doctor may analyze a urine sample to determine the precise type of bacteria causing the infection to ensure that they prescribe the right treatment.

Other infections

Share on PinterestA person should talk to their doctor if they experience any symptoms of infection alongside a fever.

Almost any infection can cause a fever. A fever is one of the body’s natural responses to foreign invaders. The body may keep its core temperature elevated while it is fighting off the infection.

Other sources of infections that may cause a low grade fever include:

• food poisoning
• exposure to pathogens from livestock
• tuberculosis
• meningitis

Anyone experiencing symptoms of infection alongside a fever should see a doctor if the symptoms do not improve with rest and time.

Medications

Some medications can cause many different side effects, which may include a low grade fever. People can check the information on side effects and interactions that comes in the packaging or seek advice from a pharmacist.

As the author of a 2018 review notes, if the medication is the cause, the fever should go away very quickly — typically within 72 hours — once the person stops taking the drug.

Stress

Chronic stress may cause a low grade fever. A research paper from 2015 notes that a fever due to stress is most common in young women.

Reducing stress levels may resolve the fever in these cases.

Cancer

In rare cases, a persistent low grade fever with no known cause may be a sign of cancer.

A persistent fever can be a symptom of leukemia, Hodgkin disease, or non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

The person may also experience other symptoms of cancer, including:

• persistent fatigue
• weakness
• headaches
• infections
• lack of appetite
• excessive bruising or bleeding
• unexplained weight loss
• enlarged lymph nodes
• excessive sweating at night

Many of these symptoms are not unique to cancer, however.

Anyone who experiences these symptoms along with a low grade fever should see a doctor for a diagnosis.

Chronic disorders

Many other chronic disorders may cause symptoms such as a low grade fever, including:

• thromboembolic disease
• arthritis
• lupus
• gout
• thyroiditis
• serum sickness-like reactions
• serotonin syndrome
• neuroleptic malignant syndrome

Diagnosing a persistent low grade fever may involve several different tests to eliminate potential causes.

The doctor will generally carry out a physical examination and question the person regarding additional symptoms and whether they have any chronic conditions.

The doctor may also ask about any medications that the person takes so that they can eliminate them as a cause of the fever.

They may order blood tests, such as a complete blood count (CBC), to get an overview of the person’s health. The results may help them decide which other tests, if any, they need to order.

If the doctor suspects that the person has a UTI, they may ask them for a sample of their urine to test.

Share on PinterestOTC drugs may help treat a low grade fever at home.

Treatment for a persistent low grade fever will depend on the cause. For instance, minor infections may not need treatment at all, whereas issues such as cancer require extensive treatment.

To alleviate the symptoms of a low grade fever at home, a person can try over-the-counter (OTC) drugs, such as ibuprofen (Advil) or acetaminophen (Tylenol).

A fever can cause dehydration, so it is vital to drink plenty of water.

It is important to treat a low grade fever in children, who may be more sensitive to temperature changes. Using children’s versions of OTC drugs may help control the fever while waiting to see a doctor.

A persistent low grade fever is a sign of an underlying issue, such as a mild infection or chronic condition. The fever may persist while the person is fighting off the infection.

For the most part, persistent low grade fevers are not a cause for concern. However, it is important to monitor the fever to see whether it gets worse.

Anyone who is concerned about their symptoms or experiences a persistent low grade fever for more than 10 days should see a doctor.

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Covid to pneumonia; 8 common causes behind your persistent low-grade fever | Health

ByParmita Uniyal, New Delhi

Oct 28, 2022 08:48 PM IST

A persistent low-grade fever can be worrisome and one must investigate the reason behind it by consulting a physician.

As monsoons bid adieu and winters step in, a flurry of seasonal infections may attempt to dampen the festive mood by causing cough, cold, fever, body aches among a host of other symptoms. Many people also report low-grade fever with flu-like or no other symptoms during this season. A low-grade fever is the one that is anywhere between 99 to 101 and lasts for more than 24 hours. It is common to have it for a couple of days, however, a persistent low-grade fever can be worrisome and one must investigate the reason behind it by consulting a physician. A persistent low-grade fever is defined as fever which lasts for more than 10 to 14 days. High grade fever on the other hand is more than 103 and must be addressed immediately if it lasts for long. (Also read: Omicron BF.7 in India; experts on symptoms of new Covid variant, possibility of fresh wave in Diwali)

A low-grade fever is the one that is anywhere between 99 to 101 and lasts for more than 24 hours. (Pixabay)

“For normal people 98.3 degrees is the normal body temperature. Now, a low-grade fever can mean a lot of different things. Most of them are mild fevers, which are due to a normal flu or cold and cough and settles on its own. But if it is a persistently lasting fever, there are different causes, which needs to be ruled out,” says Dr Sulaiman Ladhani, Consulting Chest Physician, Masina Hospital, Mumbai.

Dr Ladhani talks about 8 common causes behind your persistent low-grade fever:

VIRAL INFECTIONS LIKE COMMON COLD, COVID

In case of low-grade fevers, the most common cause is viral infection like common cold, where you have low grade fever with body ache malaise, but it is normally settled down with paracetamol, and it lasts for a few days. Other symptoms for a viral flu and cold could include a stuffy or runny nose, sore throat, sneezing, cough, fatigue and lack of appetite.

VIRAL PNEUMONIA

Another cause could be viral pneumonia which may cause fever with chills and cough and which could last for more than 2-3 weeks. Treatment for viral infection is mainly rest and hydration with paracetamol. If it doesn’t settle down, then you should consult a medical practitioner.

UTI refers to an infection in any part of the urinary system.(Freepik)

UTI

The other causes of low-grade fever could include a urinary tract infection, in both children and adults. Normally, it is due to a bacterial infection commonly seen in women. And so, here along with low grade fever, you may have pain and burning while passing urine going for frequent urination and sometimes the blood may be present in the urine. One must consult a doctor who may examine your urine sample to diagnose UTI. The treatment for this is antibiotics but they should be taken under medical supervision and you should consult your doctor for the same.

TEETHING ISSUES

In infants low grade fever can occur because of the teething issues and the fever will be of high grade also, you should see a doctor to confirm the same and manage accordingly.

TUBERCULOSIS

The other most common cause of low-grade fever in our country is tuberculosis where fever is lasting for more than three weeks. It is a very highly infectious disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis. Here the symptoms would be low-grade fever lasting for more than three weeks, weight loss, loss of appetite, coughing, there may be blood in the cough and sometimes night sweat. So, for this further examination should be done. Consult your doctor and he would do your X-ray and Sputum tests to diagnose TB.

Arthritis(Twitter/HeartFlow)

AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE

Another cause could include autoimmune diseases where there may be low grade fever but associated symptoms of other autoimmune disease may be present like joint pains in case of arthritis and there are multiple other autoimmune diseases, but the same needs to be diagnosed and treatment taken accordingly.

THYROID INFLAMMATION

Sometimes, thyroiditis or inflammation of the thyroid may also cause low grade fever, you may have fatigue, muscle pain and neck pain. And this can be diagnosed by medical personnel by examination by blood tests for thyroid or a sonography of the thyroid.

CANCER

If a person is of old age, then certain cancers also particularly can cause unexplained low-grade fevers like leukaemias and lymphomas. But this may be rare and fever may be a nonspecific symptom. Having a persistent fever normally doesn’t mean cancer but it can alert if you have other associated symptoms like chronic fatigue or lymph nodes in the neck, unexplained weight loss. Breathlessness loss of appetite depends upon which type of cancer and which part of the body is affected. The symptoms may depend upon that and appropriate treatment can be done after evaluation.

The treatment of low-grade fever will depend upon the cause. While in case of viral infections, the fever settles down with a paracetamol, but for other causes, the root cause has to be treated for which you need to get in touch with your doctor.

Dr Ladhani says one can prevent viral infections and pneumonias by taking vaccinations. The flu vaccine is to be taken yearly while only one shot of pneumonia vaccine is required only if your doctor suggests so.

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What to do at a temperature without symptoms of the disease > Rubric in Samara

The temperature, which is not much different from the norm, but is already a sign of ill health, is usually called low-grade in medicine.

In this situation, the thermometer may show 37.0 – 37.5°C for a long time. Sometimes the indicators can reach 37.9 ° C. If no other symptoms bother a person, doctors will have to conduct a series of additional tests to understand the cause. Prolonged subfebrile temperature is a special subject of study in therapeutic practice. Patients with such complaints come to the appointment quite often. According to statistics, in 70 – 80% of cases, protracted subfebrile condition occurs in young women with signs of asthenia, in those who suffer from increased fatigue, weakness, irritability, nervousness, have sleep disturbances and other psychopathological disorders. If the fever persists for more than a month or two, then a comprehensive examination is necessary.

Causes

Increased body temperature is caused by certain proteins – pyrogens. They can enter the body from the external environment or be produced spontaneously inside it. These proteins have a connection with the hypothalamus, activate the immune system and affect the general well-being of a person.

In some cases, subfebrile temperature may indicate that a disease has been infected. In others – about a malfunction in the body. Also, sometimes there are congenital pathologies that cause an increase in temperature.

Disorder of thermoregulation can serve as one of the signs of vegetovascular dystonia. With such a disease, a temperature often appears without symptoms of a cold. A person complains of heaviness in the head, weakness, pain. The heat in the body is abruptly replaced by chills. Cold palms and feet may indicate the local nature of thermoregulation failures. In most patients with dystonia, fever can persist for up to several months.

There are cases when low-grade fever causes an increase in the number of simple microbes, which in normal times are not dangerous. This is due to a weakened immune system. The reason for the increase in temperature can also be autoimmune processes, when the body’s defenses mistakenly begin to attack healthy tissue.

— In case of any increase in temperature, you should contact your local doctor. The specialist will first prescribe a general blood and urine test. Based on their results, he will decide on further examination and treatment. In general, absolutely any stress, including emotional stress, can affect the increase in body temperature. Oleg Fatenkov, chief therapist of the Samara region

In addition, doctors say that often a temperature of 37.0 – 37.5 ° C is a sign of an allergy of a latent or overt course. If the indicator reaches 38 ° C and lasts for a long time, then this can be a sign of serious diseases: bronchitis, sinusitis, tuberculosis, latent infections, tumor processes.

Subfebrile condition can also be caused by changes in temperature, stress, hormonal imbalance, and taking certain medications.

What to do?

In any case, a visit to a specialist is necessary. Do not try to bring down the temperature at home with drugs without the advice of a doctor.

Usually low-grade fever does not require taking antipyretics. However, there are exceptions. For example, it is necessary for pregnant women, people with diseases of the nervous system, and patients who are prone to convulsions to bring down a temperature that exceeds 37.50 C.

Instead of medicines, you can try to stabilize the emotional state and relieve tension, do aromatherapy, put a cloth soaked in water on the forehead and temples, drink fortified tea. But if this does not help, it is necessary to undergo an examination, since serious problems can be behind a minor failure. Most often, doctors prescribe a general and biochemical blood test, a general urinalysis, an ultrasound examination of internal organs, a study for genital infections, and recommend that you undergo an examination with a dentist.

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What tests to take with a long subfebrile temperature in the Optimum medical laboratory in Sochi (Adler)

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3. Subfebrile temperature

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Subfebrile temperature is the thermal state of the human body at the level of 37-37. 5°C for a long time. In this case, the symptoms of any disease may be completely absent and malaise may appear. We are talking about subfebrile temperature in this condition for many days in a row.

Causes of subfebrile temperature

The thermoregulation system of the human body is controlled by an important part of the brain – the hypothalamus. The influence of endogenous or exogenous substances (pyrogens) provokes a dynamic restructuring of the level of heat transfer.

Factors causing subfebrile temperature are numerous:

• infectious processes – SARS, mononucleosis, influenza, tuberculosis, enterocolitis, herpes – and cytomegaloviruses, AIDS, etc.;
• parasitic infestations – ascariasis, giardiasis, toxoplasmosis, salmonellosis;
• autoimmune pathologies – systemic lupus erythematosus, vasculitis, rheumatoid arthritis, celiac disease;
• inflammatory diseases – cystitis, pancreatitis, pneumonia, pyelonephritis, tonsillitis, otitis;
• disorders of the functional activity of the thyroid gland;
• severe allergic reaction;
• pathological hemolysis , which causes tissue necrosis during a heart attack, stroke, traumatic toxicosis.

What tests to take?

Subfebrile temperature is a sign of a number of pathological processes that can occur without severe clinical symptoms. With the problem of prolonged subfebrile condition, you can contact your family doctor, phthisiatrician, otolaryngologist, infectious disease specialist, endocrinologist. However, in order to make a competent diagnosis, a comprehensive examination and a number of laboratory tests will be required:

• General clinical blood and urine tests.
• Rheumatological profile, which allows to detect pathological processes in the articular and connective tissues.
• Fecal analysis.
• General clinical examination of sputum – to detect mycobacterium that causes tuberculosis.
• Blood cultures for sterility – to confirm or refute the presence of pathogenic bacteria.
• Blood tests for HIV and TORCH infections, syphilis, viral hepatitis.
• Bacteriological culture from the nasopharynx.