How to Get Rid of Dizziness

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How to stop dizziness can depend on its cause. It may include maneuvers for vertigo or treatment for an ear infection or another health condition.

Dizziness is the disorienting feeling of being unbalanced or lightheaded. You may feel like you’re about to faint or your surroundings are moving or spinning around you.

Both feelings sometimes occur along with nausea or vomiting. Dizziness is not a medical condition on its own. It’s a symptom of an underlying cause.

Some possible causes of dizziness include:

• benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)
• hypoglycemia
• hypotension
• taking certain medications
• inner ear problems
• circulation problems
• certain conditions, such as anemia, migraine, or anxiety
• stroke
• motion sickness
• head injuries
• certain illnesses such as the common cold

Treating your dizziness usually involves treating one of these other conditions.

Certain foods and nutrients may help relieve symptoms of dizziness.

Water

Dehydration is a common cause of dizziness. If you feel tired and thirsty and urinate less often when you’re dizzy, try drinking water and staying hydrated.

Ginger

Ginger may help relieve symptoms of motion sickness and dizziness. It may also help treat nausea in pregnant women.

You can take ginger in many forms. Add fresh or ground ginger to your diet, drink ginger tea, or take ginger supplements.

However, you should always consult your doctor before taking any kind of supplement, even if it’s natural. Supplements can interfere with other medical conditions you have or medications you take.

Shop for ginger tea

Vitamin C

According to the Meniere’s Society, consuming vitamin C can reduce vertigo in if you have Meniere’s disease. Foods rich in vitamin C include:

• oranges
• grapefruits
• strawberries
• bell peppers

Vitamin E

Vitamin E can help maintain the elasticity of your blood vessels. This can help prevent circulation problems. Vitamin E can be found in:

• wheat germ
• seeds
• nuts
• kiwis
• spinach

Vitamin D

Vitamin D has been shown to help you improve after BPPV attacks.

Iron

If your doctor thinks you have anemia, they may encourage you to get more iron. Iron can be found in foods such as:

• red meat
• poultry
• beans
• dark leafy greens

Medications to treat dizziness often focus on treating the underlying condition.

Preventative migraine medicine, for example, is often prescribed if you have vertigo or dizziness with migraines. Anti-anxiety medications can also be prescribed to reduce the severity of anxiety attacks that cause dizziness.

Other medications that may be used for dizziness include:

• Water pills or diuretics may be used as treatment for conditions like Meniere’s disease that cause a fluid buildup in the inner ear
• Antihistamines and anticholinergics are two of the only prescription medications that focus entirely on treating dizziness instead of the underlying condition
• Over-the-counter antihistamines are another option, though the nondrowsy variations are less effective at treating dizziness.

When you start to feel dizzy, lying down as soon as possible can often help. If you have a severe case of vertigo, close your eyes while lying down. If you’re overheated, get a cool drink and move to a shaded, air-conditioned area.

Epley maneuver

The Epley maneuver, which you can do at home, is an exercise that can help treat dizziness, especially from BPPV. It’s designed to dislodge crystals from the ear canals and reduce dizziness.

According to Johns Hopkins Medicine, the Epley maneuver involves the following steps:

• Sit on a bed and turn your head halfway to the right.
• Lie down on your back while keeping your head turned. A pillow should be under your shoulders only, with your head reclining.
• Hold this position for 30 seconds.
• Turn your head without raising it so it’s looking halfway to the left. Wait another 30 seconds.
• Keeping your head turned, turn your body to the left so that you’re lying on your side. Wait 30 seconds.
• Sit up on your left side.

Self-awareness

If you’re prone to dizziness, let your doctor know. That information can help when you’re undergoing treatment.

If you’re more aware that you may fall or lose your balance, you may be more prepared to prevent an injury. If you can identify what triggers your dizziness, you can avoid the triggers.

Acupuncture

Acupuncture may help treat dizziness. Acupuncture is the practice of inserting tiny, thin needles into specific areas of the skin. In a small study, acupuncture seemed to reduce symptoms of dizziness.

Physical Therapy

A special type of physical therapy called vestibular rehabilitation may help. Physical therapy can also improve balance.

Living a healthy lifestyle can help treat and prevent dizziness.

Try to reduce the amount of stress in your life. Drink plenty of water. Get enough sleep.

You should also avoid salt, alcohol, caffeine, and tobacco. According to the Mayo Clinic, frequent consumption of these substances can increase your symptoms.

There are different causes of dizziness. Some are less serious than others.

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is one of the most common causes of vertigo. It’s caused by specific changes in the positioning of your head. It can cause short episodes of mild to severe dizziness, usually started by head movements.

BPPV is often idiopathic, which means no cause is known. However, it can be caused by a blow to the head. According to the Mayo Clinic, there’s a link between BPPV and migraines.

Hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, is one of the most common causes of dizziness. Hypotension, or low blood pressure, can also cause fatigue and dizziness.

Certain medications can also cause dizziness.

For example, blood pressure medications may lower your blood pressure too much and lead to dizziness. Sedatives and tranquilizers have dizziness as a common side effect. Antiseizure drugs and antidepressants can also cause dizziness.

Talk to your doctor if you think dizziness is caused by any medications that you take.

Other common causes of dizziness can include:

• inner ear problems, such as infections or fluid buildup, which can affect balance
• circulation problems, including poor blood circulation that prevents adequate blood flow from reaching the brain or inner ear
• dehydration
• heat stroke or becoming overheated
• head or neck injuries
• stroke

There are times when dizziness is a medical emergency. If you experience dizziness along with blurred or double vision, weakness or numbness in the body, slurred speech, or severe headaches, call 911 immediately.

Conditions associated with dizziness

Some conditions are associated with dizziness. These include:

• anemia, or low iron levels
• anxiety disorders, which can cause dizziness during attacks
• neurologic disorders, like multiple sclerosis or Parkinson’s, which cause a loss of balance
• chronic migraines

Motion Sickness (Meclizine) Oral: Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures, Warnings & Dosing

Uses

How to use Motion Sickness Tablet

Follow all directions on the product package. If your doctor has prescribed this medication, take it as directed. If you have any questions, ask your doctor or pharmacist.

Take this medication by mouth with or without food. If you are taking the chewable tablets, chew the tablet thoroughly before swallowing.

The dosage is based on your medical condition and response to treatment. Do not increase your dose or take this medication more often than directed.

To prevent motion sickness, take the first dose one hour before starting activity such as travel.

Tell your doctor if your condition does not improve or if it worsens.

Side Effects

Drowsiness, dry mouth, and tiredness may occur. If any of these effects last or get worse, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly.

To relieve dry mouth, suck (sugarless) hard candy or ice chips, chew (sugarless) gum, drink water, or use a saliva substitute.

If your doctor has directed you to use this medication, remember that your doctor has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects. Many people using this medication do not have serious side effects.

Tell your doctor right away if you have any serious side effects, including: mental/mood changes (such as restlessness, confusion), fast/irregular heartbeat, shaking (tremor), difficulty urinating.

Get medical help right away if you have any very serious side effects, including: seizures.

A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare. However, get medical help right away if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction, including: rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing.

This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.

In the US – Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or at www.fda.gov/medwatch.

In Canada – Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345.

Precautions

Before taking meclizine, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic to it; or if you have any other allergies. This product may contain inactive ingredients, which can cause allergic reactions or other problems. Talk to your pharmacist for more details.

Before using this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist your medical history, especially of: breathing problems (such as asthma, emphysema), high pressure in the eye (glaucoma), heart problems, high blood pressure, seizures, stomach/intestine problems (such as ulcers, blockage), overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism), difficulty urinating (for example, due to enlarged prostate), liver problems, kidney problems.

This drug may make you drowsy. Alcohol or marijuana (cannabis) can make you more drowsy. Do not drive, use machinery, or do anything that needs alertness until you can do it safely. Avoid alcoholic beverages. Talk to your doctor if you are using marijuana (cannabis).

Before having surgery, tell your doctor or dentist about all the products you use (including prescription drugs, nonprescription drugs, and herbal products).

Children may be more sensitive to the side effects of this drug. This drug can often cause excitement in young children instead of drowsiness.

Older adults may be more sensitive to the side effects of this drug, especially drowsiness, confusion, or trouble urinating. Drowsiness and confusion can increase the risk of falling.

During pregnancy, this medication should be used only when clearly needed. Discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor.

It is unknown if this drug passes into breast milk. Consult your doctor before breastfeeding.

Interactions

Drug interactions may change how your medications work or increase your risk for serious side effects. This document does not contain all possible drug interactions. Keep a list of all the products you use (including prescription/nonprescription drugs and herbal products) and share it with your doctor and pharmacist. Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicines without your doctor’s approval.

Some products that may interact with this drug include: antihistamines applied to the skin (such as diphenhydramine cream, ointment, spray).

Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking other products that cause drowsiness such as opioid pain or cough relievers (such as codeine, hydrocodone), alcohol, marijuana (cannabis), drugs for sleep or anxiety (such as alprazolam, lorazepam, zolpidem), muscle relaxants (such as carisoprodol, cyclobenzaprine), or other antihistamines (such as cetirizine, diphenhydramine).

Check the labels on all your medicines (such as allergy or cough-and-cold products) because they may contain ingredients that cause drowsiness. Ask your pharmacist about using those products safely.

This medication may interfere with certain lab tests (such as allergy skin test), possibly causing false test results. Make sure lab personnel and all your doctors know you use this drug.

Does Motion Sickness Tablet interact with other drugs you are taking?

Enter your medication into the WebMD interaction checker

Overdose

If someone has overdosed and has serious symptoms such as passing out or trouble breathing, call 911. Otherwise, call a poison control center right away. US residents can call their local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222. Canada residents can call a provincial poison control center. Symptoms of overdose may include: severe drowsiness, seizures, widened pupils. In children, mental/mood changes (such as restlessness, irritability, hallucinations) may occur before drowsiness.

Keep all medical and lab appointments.

If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is near the time of the next dose, skip the missed dose. Take your next dose at the regular time. Do not double the dose to catch up.

Store at room temperature away from light and moisture. Do not store in the bathroom. Keep all medications away from children and pets.

Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. Properly discard this product when it is expired or no longer needed. Consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal company.

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Selected from data included with permission and copyrighted by First Databank, Inc. This copyrighted material has been downloaded from a licensed data provider and is not for distribution, except as may be authorized by the applicable terms of use.

CONDITIONS OF USE: The information in this database is intended to supplement, not substitute for, the expertise and judgment of healthcare professionals. The information is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, drug interactions or adverse effects, nor should it be construed to indicate that use of a particular drug is safe, appropriate or effective for you or anyone else. A healthcare professional should be consulted before taking any drug, changing any diet or commencing or discontinuing any course of treatment.

Why dizziness and what to do about it

Health

October 23, 2022

There are a lot of reasons: from dehydration to stroke.

What are the signs you need to call an ambulance?

Dial 103 or 112 immediately if you or someone nearby has experienced severe dizziness or dizziness for the first time and has one of these symptoms:

• sudden severe headache;
• chest pain;
• labored breathing;
• numbness or inability to move hands or feet;
• numbness and weakness of facial muscles;
• fainting;
• double vision;
• fast and irregular heartbeat;
• difficulty walking, stumbling;
• slurred or confused speech;
• repeated vomiting;
• convulsions;
• sudden change in hearing.

What is dizziness and how it manifests

Vertigo is a generalized name for sensations that can range from mild weakness and unsteadiness to the feeling that you or things around you are spinning and spinning. It rarely indicates some kind of life-threatening condition, but in some cases it can be a symptom of a stroke or other cardiovascular problems.

Everyone gets dizzy from time to time, but if seizures become more frequent, you need to go to a therapist and start an examination. If there are any other specific symptoms, you can immediately make an appointment with a specialist. For example, in case of hearing loss – to an otorhinolaryngologist, in case of headaches – to a neurologist, in case of pain in the heart – to a cardiologist.

Why dizziness is dangerous

Dizziness can be a symptom of a dangerous disease that will harm your health in the long run if the cause is not found and treated. In addition, such attacks increase the risk of falling or injury. And if it suddenly starts, for example, while driving, it can lead to disaster.

What to do if you feel dizzy

If you feel dizzy, you need to start by looking for the cause. To temporarily alleviate your condition, you can:

• lie down so that your head is slightly higher than your legs until the dizziness subsides, and then slowly rise;
• try to move smoothly without sharp inclinations and changes in position;
• take enough time to rest;
• drink plenty of fluids, especially water;
• avoid coffee, cigarettes, alcohol and drugs.

Things not to do if you feel dizzy

Don’t do anything that could make your dizziness worse or put you in danger, for example:

• tilt your head sharply;
• get up abruptly after sitting or lying down;
• lie flat on a flat surface;
• drive, climb stairs, use heavy equipment.

Galina Kaspranskaya

Otorhinolaryngologist, Otoneurologist at the Rassvet Clinic.

First of all, the cause of dizziness must be determined, because the recommendations of what to do and what not to do are not suitable for all cases. It is definitely not necessary to drive and climb stairs, because it is dangerous. But even the seemingly innocuous advice to drink more fluids for certain diseases, such as Meniere’s disease, can aggravate the condition.

Why you feel dizzy

Most often, dizziness occurs due to diseases of the inner ear – the part of the body that is responsible for the sense of balance. Also, the head is spinning due to circulatory problems, neurological diseases, taking certain medications and other reasons. So you need to go to the doctor.

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)

Microscopic calcium crystals – otoliths – grow in the vestibule of the inner ear. Normally, they should not go deeper (into the semicircular canals), but sometimes come off, for example, due to injury or aging. Then, when you turn or tilt your head, they move, irritate the inner ear and cause short-term bouts of dizziness.

What to do

Fortunately, the treatment is quite simple. There are special maneuvers that an otorhinolaryngologist will teach you. With their help, you can move the crystals so that they no longer interfere. These movements can be performed at any time, even at home. Most people report relief after the first time.

Galina Kaspranskaya

For the treatment of BPPV of the posterior semicircular canal, the Epley maneuver is most often used, which really helps. Sometimes the crystals “stick” to the jelly-like cap on sensitive cells, then it is more difficult to remove them with the help of movements. There are also other maneuvers for BPPV of the lateral and anterior canals.

Meniere’s disease

This is a disease that develops when fluid builds up in the inner ear and presses on the vestibular apparatus. It is still unknown why it accumulates. The disease can occur in anyone, but most often occurs between the ages of 40 and 60 years. It is characterized by sudden attacks of severe dizziness lasting from 20 minutes to 12 hours. Also can be:

• muffled or distorted sounds;
• hearing loss;
• ringing in the ears;
• nausea and vomiting.

What to do

Lifestyle changes may help:

• low salt diet;
• alcohol and caffeine restriction;
• smoking cessation;
• replacement for certain medications.

Medicines for dizziness are also prescribed, and if they do not help, they recommend injections of drugs directly into the ear and surgery.

Infections

The vestibular apparatus, which is responsible for balance, is located in the inner ear. If the ear infection has penetrated so deeply, or somewhere else in the body there were viruses that have moved with the bloodstream, then characteristic symptoms appear. Inflammation of the vestibular nerve (vestibular neuritis) can cause severe dizziness for a long time. If hearing is lost at the same time, it may be labyrinthitis – an infection in the semicircular canals.

What to do

You need to go to the doctor and treat the infection that caused the symptoms. Medicines are usually prescribed to relieve nausea and dizziness, and antivirals, antibiotics, and steroids may also be needed.

Galina Kaspranskaya

In the treatment of vestibular neuronitis, antiviral drugs do not help, so symptomatic treatment and sometimes steroids are usually prescribed, which do not improve the prognosis, but slightly shorten the acute period.

Motion sickness

Motion sickness develops due to the fact that the signals from the eyes, muscles, joints and inner ear are different: objects outside the window move, the inner ear feels rocking, and the body is motionless. The brain does not understand where the contradiction comes from, so we feel bad and experience:

• nausea and salivation up to vomiting;
• dizziness;
• weakness;
• drowsiness;
• irritability.

What to do

Sleep helps to reduce motion sickness. Therefore, first-generation antihistamines are used, for example, based on dimenhydrinate. Also facilitates the state of fresh air, water, lollipops. And in no case should you read or look at your phone!

Orthostatic hypotension

In some people, if you stand up abruptly, the pressure drops dramatically, because the blood rushes to the legs under the influence of gravity, and the body does not have time to reorganize to keep it and the brain has enough oxygen. Because of this, it gets dark in the eyes, dizzy and weakness rolls.

What to do

Usually the attack resolves fairly quickly without any help. If there is a tendency to such a drop in pressure, do not jump out of bed or get up abruptly from a chair. Contact your doctor to be examined if such episodes are frequent or cause severe discomfort.

Atherosclerosis

Due to atherosclerosis, the lumen of the arteries narrows, so the organs receive less oxygen. When the brain feels its lack, dizziness occurs. If the vessel is suddenly clogged, for example, when a plaque is damaged, this can result in a heart attack or stroke. Therefore, sometimes dizziness becomes an early sign of a vascular accident.

Atherosclerosis of the arteries leading to the brain can be suspected by the following signs:

• hearing loss;
• double vision;
• blurred vision;
• numbness of the face, hands or feet.

What to do

Lifestyle changes, medications to control blood pressure and blood clots, and, in severe cases, surgery to restore blood flow, can help prevent heart attacks and strokes.

Taking certain medications

Sometimes dizziness occurs as a side effect of certain medications, such as:

• anticonvulsants;
• antidepressants;
• sedatives;
• tranquilizers.

Dizziness to the point of fainting can also occur if hypertension drugs have lowered the pressure too much.

What to do

If you associate dizziness with a new drug, ask your doctor if you can change it or reduce the dosage to adapt.

Severe stress and anxiety disorders

A person who is in traumatic circumstances or experiencing unreasonable panic experiences a sharp increase in breathing, which causes hyperventilation – a condition in which there is too much oxygen in the blood, and carbon dioxide, on the contrary, few. This is manifested by such signs as:0003

• dizziness;
• pre-syncope;
• rapid, irregular breathing;
• belching, bloating, dry mouth;
• weakness, confusion;
• drowsiness or insomnia;
• numbness or tingling in the hands and around the mouth;
• muscle spasms in arms and legs, chest pain, palpitations.

What to do

During such an attack, others should try to calm and distract the person. In a calm, soft and friendly voice, you need to convince him that he is safe, not dying, everything is in order. To make the symptoms go faster, you need to consume less oxygen and increase the concentration of carbon dioxide. To do this, breathe through closed lips as if blowing out a candle, or close your mouth and one nostril to inhale and exhale through the other.

If such seizures occur for no apparent reason, a psychologist, psychotherapist or psychiatrist should be consulted to help sort out the situation.

Low iron levels

Low iron levels lead to iron deficiency anemia, a condition in which the number of red blood cells decreases. Because of this, organs, including the brain, receive less oxygen, so various disorders develop. Anemia is indicated by:

• fatigue;
• weakness;
• dizziness;
• pallor;
• brittle nails;
• pain in the heart, shortness of breath, palpitations;
• cold hands and feet;
• cravings for inedible foods such as earth, ice and starch;
• loss of appetite.

What to do

When these symptoms appear, you should go to a therapist and be examined under his supervision. If you prescribe iron supplements on your own, and this is not the problem, then the liver can seriously suffer from overload.

Low blood sugar

The brain uses glucose as fuel, so it cannot function properly if there is not enough energy. In addition to dizziness, weakness and irritability appear. This is especially true for people with disorders of carbohydrate metabolism, such as diabetes, in which jumps in sugar levels are more pronounced.

What to do

All people should not forget about meals and stick to comfortable intervals between them. Those who have diabetes need to monitor their sugar levels to prevent the development of a hypoglycemic coma.

Carbon monoxide poisoning

Carbon monoxide binds to red blood cells faster than oxygen. When there is too much of the first in the air, organs, especially such as the brain and heart, suffer from hypoxia. Carbon monoxide also binds to proteins in the body and damages cells and tissues.

Poisoning may be suspected by the following symptoms:

• chest pain;
• dizziness;
• fainting;
• confusion;
• loss of coordination;
• severe headache;
• nausea and vomiting.

What to do

If poisoning is suspected, call an ambulance. To avoid poisoning:

• check gas appliances regularly;
• follow instructions when using gas or kerosene fueled appliances;
• do not sit for a long time in a closed car with the engine running;
• do not start the car in a closed garage;
• do not use a charcoal grill indoors;
• do not use a gas stove as a heater;
• do not sleep in rooms with unventilated gas or kerosene heaters.

Overheating and dehydration

Dizziness is often due to overheating or dehydration. Due to the lack of fluid, the blood becomes thicker and its flow to the brain is reduced, so these symptoms appear.

What to do

Drink plenty of fluids. It is especially important to monitor this in hot weather or during sports, as well as for people who take diuretics. You can take other precautions in the heat, such as wearing hats.

Some neurological diseases

Dizziness may be one of the symptoms of a traumatic brain injury or a neurological disease. For example, it often starts a migraine attack, and multiple sclerosis and Parkinson’s disease lead to a progressive loss of balance.

What to do

If you hit your head or have troublesome dizziness and loss of balance, you should see a neurologist for an examination.

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• What to do if your ear is blocked

Medicines for vestibular disorders – Apteki.

ua

46 medicines

Medicines for vestibular disorders

Dizziness is a fairly common complaint of patients in everyday clinical practice. It is a manifestation of various diseases associated with peripheral and/or central vestibular disorders.

Dizziness is a false sensation of rotation or twisting motion. It occurs due to various pathologies of the vestibular apparatus.

In acute onset, the patient may experience dizziness, nausea, and vomiting, while in chronic cases, symptoms may include dizziness and/or imbalance (Young A.S. et al., 2019).

The complexity of therapy lies in the fact that dizziness is not a disease, but a symptom.

Treatment for dizziness includes:

• pharmacotherapy;
• physiotherapy;
• psychotherapeutic treatment;
• surgical treatment (in rare cases).

Pharmacotherapeutic agents, especially in solid dosage forms (so-called anti-vertigo tablets), play a key role in the treatment of patients with vestibular disorders.

Vestibular suppressants and anti-nausea and vomiting drugs (pills used for dizziness) form the mainstay of therapy (Zwergal A. et al., 2019).

Pharmacotherapy of vertigo

Vestibular suppressants are the main drugs for the treatment of patients with vertigo. These pharmacotherapeutic agents (drugs used in the pathology of the vestibular apparatus) help to reduce the severity of dizziness (Walker M.F., Daroff R.B., 2015).

Commonly prescribed drugs in this group include anticholinergics, antihistamines, dopamine receptor antagonists and benzodiazepine derivatives.

Anticholinergics act on muscarinic receptors and increase movement tolerance.

Scopolamine acts on muscarinic M3 and M5 receptors and is a highly effective pharmacotherapeutic drug for the prevention of dizziness (Takeda N., 1989). Long-term use of scopolamine can be addictive.

To date, highly selective anticholinergic drugs have been developed that act on specific muscarinic receptors of the vestibular apparatus, one of which is zamifenacin (Bisht M. , Bist S.S., 2010).

Antihistamines or H1-histamine receptor blockers are quite commonly prescribed for dizziness.

Vestibular antihistamines include: cyclizine, diphenhydramine, dimenhydrinate, meclizine, and promethazine (Cohen B., Jong D.J., 1972).

Antihistamines have fewer side effects than anticholinergic drugs.

Meclizine effectively controls the following symptoms of motion sickness: nausea, vomiting and dizziness. It also has anticholinergic effects. This drug reduces the stimulation of the labyrinth. The recommended dose of meclizine is 25–50 mg taken orally 1 hour prior to travel. If necessary, the drug can be repeated every 24 hours.

Cyclizine and dimenhydrinate are effective for motion sickness. Their sedative activity is less pronounced (Weinstein S.E., Stern R.M., 1997).

Dopamine receptor antagonists are commonly used to control nausea in patients with dizziness.

Some antipsychotic drugs, namely phenothiazine and butyrophenone derivatives, are often used in this condition (Rascol O. et al., 1995).

Metoclopramide is a dopamine and serotonin receptor antagonist, accelerates gastric emptying, and also has a central antiemetic effect by acting on the chemoreceptor trigger zone in the medulla oblongata.

Benzodiazepine derivatives are vestibular suppressants that act on the GABAergic system. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a neurotransmitter that depresses the vestibular apparatus. Benzodiazepine derivatives activate the action of GABA in the central nervous system, therefore, reduce the severity of dizziness, as well as manifestations of anxiety and panic disorders. In medical practice, the following drugs are more often used: diazepam, lorazepam, clonazepam and alprazolam (Hain T.C., Uddin M., 2003).

In addition to vestibular suppressants, there is a group of histaminergic drugs.

Histaminergic pharmacotherapeutic agents include betahistine, an analogue of L-histidine, a precursor of histamine.