Ringworm ketoconazole. Ketoconazole: Topical Antifungal Treatment for Ringworm and Skin Infections

05.10.202308.07.2023 by alexxlab

How does ketoconazole work as a topical antifungal treatment. What are the main uses of ketoconazole cream and shampoo. How should ketoconazole be applied for various skin conditions. What precautions should be taken when using ketoconazole topically.

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Understanding Ketoconazole: A Versatile Antifungal Medication

Ketoconazole is a potent antifungal medication belonging to the imidazole class. It’s primarily used to treat various fungal infections of the skin and scalp. The medication works by inhibiting the growth of fungi, effectively combating infections and alleviating associated symptoms.

Ketoconazole is available in different formulations, including:

Prescription cream
Prescription shampoo
Over-the-counter shampoo

Each formulation is designed to target specific fungal infections and skin conditions, making ketoconazole a versatile treatment option for various dermatological issues.

Common Uses of Ketoconazole Topical Treatments

Ketoconazole is prescribed for a wide range of fungal infections affecting the skin and scalp. Some of the most common conditions treated with ketoconazole include:

Tinea corporis (ringworm)
Tinea cruris (jock itch)
Tinea pedis (athlete’s foot)
Tinea versicolor
Yeast infections of the skin
Dandruff
Seborrheic dermatitis

Are there differences in how ketoconazole treats these conditions. While the mechanism of action remains the same, the application method and duration of treatment may vary depending on the specific condition being addressed.

Ketoconazole for Ringworm (Tinea Corporis)

Ringworm, despite its name, is not caused by a worm but by a fungal infection. Ketoconazole cream is highly effective in treating this condition. It’s typically applied once daily for 2 to 6 weeks, depending on the severity of the infection.

Treating Jock Itch and Athlete’s Foot

For tinea cruris (jock itch) and tinea pedis (athlete’s foot), ketoconazole cream is the preferred formulation. The cream should be applied to the affected area and the surrounding skin once daily. Treatment duration may vary but typically ranges from 2 to 4 weeks.

Ketoconazole for Tinea Versicolor

Tinea versicolor, a condition causing discolored patches on the skin, can be treated with both ketoconazole cream and prescription shampoo. The cream is applied daily, while the shampoo is typically used as a one-time treatment.

Application Methods for Ketoconazole Topical Treatments

Proper application of ketoconazole is crucial for its effectiveness. The method of application varies depending on the formulation and the condition being treated.

Applying Ketoconazole Cream

To use ketoconazole cream:

Clean and dry the affected area
Apply a thin layer of cream to cover the affected area and surrounding skin
Gently rub the cream into the skin
Wash your hands thoroughly after application

How often should ketoconazole cream be applied. For most conditions, once-daily application is sufficient. However, always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions regarding frequency and duration of use.

Using Prescription Ketoconazole Shampoo

For prescription ketoconazole shampoo, follow these steps:

Wet the affected skin area
Apply the shampoo to the affected skin and surrounding area
Massage to create a lather
Leave on for 5 minutes
Rinse thoroughly with water

Prescription ketoconazole shampoo is typically used as a one-time treatment for conditions like tinea versicolor.

Over-the-Counter Ketoconazole Shampoo Usage

For dandruff control, use over-the-counter ketoconazole shampoo as follows:

Wet hair thoroughly
Apply shampoo and massage into a lather
Rinse completely
Repeat the process

Over-the-counter ketoconazole shampoo is usually used every 3 to 4 days for up to 8 weeks, then as needed for dandruff control.

Precautions and Considerations When Using Ketoconazole

While ketoconazole is generally safe and effective, there are some important precautions to keep in mind:

Avoid contact with eyes and mouth
Do not use on broken or irritated skin
Inform your healthcare provider of any allergies or medical conditions
Discuss potential drug interactions with your doctor or pharmacist
Do not use more than prescribed or for longer than recommended

Can ketoconazole be used during pregnancy or while breastfeeding. It’s essential to consult with a healthcare provider before using ketoconazole if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding.

Potential Side Effects of Topical Ketoconazole

While ketoconazole is generally well-tolerated, some individuals may experience side effects. Common side effects may include:

Skin irritation
Itching
Burning sensation
Redness
Dry skin

Most side effects are mild and resolve on their own. However, if you experience severe or persistent side effects, contact your healthcare provider promptly.

Off-Label Uses of Ketoconazole Topical Treatments

In addition to its primary uses, ketoconazole is sometimes prescribed off-label for other skin conditions. These may include:

Diaper rash
Eczema
Impetigo
Psoriasis

In these cases, ketoconazole is often used in combination with other medications to manage conditions that may be exacerbated by fungal overgrowth.

Storing and Disposing of Ketoconazole Products

Proper storage and disposal of ketoconazole products are important for maintaining their effectiveness and safety. Consider the following guidelines:

Store at room temperature, away from moisture and heat
Keep out of reach of children
Do not use after the expiration date
Dispose of unused medication properly, following local regulations

How long can ketoconazole products be stored after opening. Most ketoconazole products can be used for up to 6 months after opening, but always check the product label or consult with a pharmacist for specific guidance.

When to Seek Medical Advice During Ketoconazole Treatment

While ketoconazole is effective for many fungal infections, there are instances where you should consult a healthcare provider:

If symptoms worsen or do not improve after 2-4 weeks of treatment
If you experience severe side effects
If the infection spreads or recurs frequently
If you have underlying health conditions that may complicate treatment

Regular follow-ups with your healthcare provider can ensure that the treatment is progressing as expected and address any concerns promptly.

In conclusion, ketoconazole is a versatile and effective antifungal medication used to treat various skin and scalp conditions. By understanding its proper use, potential side effects, and important precautions, patients can maximize the benefits of this treatment while minimizing risks. Always consult with a healthcare professional for personalized advice and to ensure the most appropriate use of ketoconazole for your specific condition.

Ketoconazole Topical: MedlinePlus Drug Information

pronounced as (kee toe kon’ na zole)

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Ketoconazole cream is used to treat tinea corporis (ringworm; fungal skin infection that causes a red scaly rash on different parts of the body), tinea cruris (jock itch; fungal infection of the skin in the groin or buttocks), tinea pedis (athlete’s foot; fungal infection of the skin on the feet and between the toes), tinea versicolor (fungal infection of the skin that causes brown or light colored spots on the chest, back, arms, legs, or neck), and yeast infections of the skin. Prescription ketoconazole shampoo is used to treat tinea versicolor. Over-the-counter ketoconazole shampoo is used to control flaking, scaling, and itching of the scalp caused by dandruff. Ketoconazole is in a class of antifungal medications called imidazoles. It works by slowing the growth of fungi that cause infection.

Prescription ketoconazole comes as a cream and a shampoo to apply to the skin. Over-the-counter ketoconazole comes as a shampoo to apply to the scalp. Ketoconazole cream is usually applied once a day for 2 to 6 weeks. Prescription ketoconazole shampoo is usually applied one time to treat the infection. Over-the-counter ketoconazole shampoo is usually used every 3 to 4 days for up to 8 weeks, and then used as needed to control dandruff. Follow the directions on your prescription label carefully, and ask your doctor or pharmacist to explain any part you do not understand. Use ketoconazole exactly as directed. Do not use more or less of it or use it more often than prescribed by your doctor.

One treatment with prescription ketoconazole shampoo may successfully treat your tinea versicolor infection. However, it may take several months for your skin color to return to normal, especially if your skin is exposed to sunlight. After your infection is treated, there is a chance that you will develop another tinea versicolor infection.

If you are using over-the-counter ketoconazole shampoo to treat dandruff, your symptoms should improve during the first 2 to 4 weeks of your treatment. Call your doctor if your symptoms do not improve during this time or if your symptoms get worse at any time during your treatment.

If you are using ketoconazole cream, your symptoms should improve at the beginning of your treatment. Continue to use ketoconazole cream even if you are feeling well. If you stop using ketoconazole cream too soon, your infection may not be completely cured and your symptoms may return.

Ketoconazole cream and shampoos are only for use on the skin or scalp. Do not let ketoconazole cream or shampoo get into your eyes or mouth, and do not swallow the medication. If you do get ketoconazole cream or shampoo in your eyes, wash them with plenty of water.

To use the cream, apply enough cream to cover the affected area and all of the skin around it.

To use the prescription shampoo, follow these steps:

Use a small amount of water to wet your skin in the area where you will apply ketoconazole shampoo.
Apply the shampoo to the affected skin and a large area around it.
Use your fingers to rub the shampoo until it forms a lather.
Leave the shampoo on your skin for 5 minutes.
Rinse the shampoo off of your skin with water.

To use the over-the-counter shampoo, follow these steps:

Be sure that your scalp is not broken, cut, or irritated. Do not use ketoconazole shampoo if your scalp is broken or irritated.
Wet your hair thoroughly.
Apply the shampoo to your hair.
Use your fingers to rub the shampoo until it forms a lather.
Rinse all of the shampoo out of your hair with plenty of water.
Repeat steps 2 to 5.

Ketoconazole cream and prescription shampoo are also sometimes used to treat dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis (condition that causes flaking of the skin). Ketoconazole cream is sometimes used to treat tinea manuum (fungal infection of the skin on the hands). Ketoconazole cream is also sometimes used with other medications to treat skin conditions that are often worsened by fungal infection such as diaper rash, eczema (skin irritation caused by allergies), impetigo (blisters caused by a bacterial infection), and psoriasis (a lifelong skin condition). Talk to your doctor about the possible risks of using this drug for your condition.

This medication may be prescribed for other uses; ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information.

Before using ketoconazole,

tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to ketoconazole or any other medications, creams, or shampoos. If you will be using the cream, tell your doctor if you are allergic to sulfites.
tell your doctor and pharmacist what prescription and nonprescription medications, vitamins, nutritional supplements, and herbal products you are taking. Your doctor may need to change the doses of your medications or monitor you carefully for side effects.
tell your doctor if you have or have ever had any medical condition. If you will be using the cream, tell your doctor if you have or have ever had asthma.
tell your doctor if you are pregnant, plan to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding. If you become pregnant while using ketoconazole, call your doctor.

Unless your doctor tells you otherwise, continue your normal diet.

Apply the missed dose as soon as you remember it. However, if it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and continue your regular dosing schedule. Do not apply a double dose to make up for a missed one.

Ketoconazole may cause side effects.

Tell your doctor if any of these symptoms are severe or do not go away:

changes in hair texture
blisters on scalp
dry skin
itching
oily or dry hair or scalp
irritation, itching, or stinging in the place where you applied the medication

Some side effects can be serious. The following symptoms are uncommon, but if you experience any of them, call your doctor immediately:

rash
hives
difficulty breathing or swallowing
redness, tenderness, swelling, pain, or warmth in the place where you applied the medication

Ketoconazole may cause other side effects. Call your doctor if you have any unusual problems while using this medication.

If you experience a serious side effect, you or your doctor may send a report to the Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA) MedWatch Adverse Event Reporting program online (http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch) or by phone (1-800-332-1088).

Keep this medication in the container it came in, tightly closed, and out of reach of children. Store it at room temperature and away from excess heat and moisture (not in the bathroom). Protect the medication from light and do not allow it to freeze.

Unneeded medications should be disposed of in special ways to ensure that pets, children, and other people cannot consume them. However, you should not flush this medication down the toilet. Instead, the best way to dispose of your medication is through a medicine take-back program. Talk to your pharmacist or contact your local garbage/recycling department to learn about take-back programs in your community. See the FDA’s Safe Disposal of Medicines website (http://goo.gl/c4Rm4p) for more information if you do not have access to a take-back program.

It is important to keep all medication out of sight and reach of children as many containers (such as weekly pill minders and those for eye drops, creams, patches, and inhalers) are not child-resistant and young children can open them easily. To protect young children from poisoning, always lock safety caps and immediately place the medication in a safe location – one that is up and away and out of their sight and reach. http://www.upandaway.org

If someone swallows ketoconazole cream or shampoo, call your local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222. If the victim has collapsed or is not breathing, call local emergency services at 911.

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Last Revised – 05/15/2016

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Ketoconazole Topical: Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures, Warnings & Dosing

Uses

Ketoconazole is used to treat skin infections such as athlete’s foot, jock itch, ringworm, and certain kinds of dandruff. This medication is also used to treat a skin condition known as pityriasis (tinea versicolor), a fungal infection that causes a lightening or darkening of the skin of the neck, chest, arms, or legs. Ketoconazole is an azole antifungal that works by preventing the growth of fungus.

How to use ketoconazole topical

Use this medication on the skin only. Clean and thoroughly dry the area to be treated. Apply this medication to the affected skin, usually once or twice a day or as directed by your doctor. Dosage and length of treatment depends on the type of infection being treated. Do not apply this more often than prescribed. Your condition will not clear faster, but side effects may be increased.

Apply enough medication to cover the affected skin and some of the surrounding skin. After applying this medication, wash your hands. Do not wrap, cover or bandage the area unless directed to do so by your doctor.

Do not apply this medication in the eyes, nose, mouth, or vagina. If this medication gets in the eyes (for example, when used to treat dandruff), rinse thoroughly with water.

Use this medication regularly in order to get the most benefit from it. Remember to use it at the same time(s) each day.

Continue to use this medication until the full prescribed amount is finished, even if symptoms disappear after starting ketoconazole. Stopping the medication too early may allow the fungus to continue to grow, which may result in a relapse of the infection.

Inform your doctor if your condition lasts after the prescribed amount of treatment or gets worse at any time.

Side Effects

Stinging, swelling, irritation, or redness of the treated skin may occur. If any of these effects last or get worse, notify your doctor or pharmacist promptly.

Remember that this medication has been prescribed because your doctor has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects. Many people using this medication do not have serious side effects.

Tell your doctor right away if you have any serious side effects, including: blistering, open sores.

A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare. However, get medical help right away if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction, including: rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing.

This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.

In the US – Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or at www.fda.gov/medwatch.

In Canada – Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345.

Precautions

Before using ketoconazole, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic to it; or to other azole antifungals such as clotrimazole, econazole, or miconazole; or if you have any other allergies. This product may contain inactive ingredients, which can cause allergic reactions or other problems. Talk to your pharmacist for more details.

Before using this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist your medical history.

This medication should be used only if clearly needed during pregnancy. Discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor.

It is unknown if this drug passes into breast milk. Consult your doctor before breast-feeding.

Interactions

Drug interactions may change how your medications work or increase your risk for serious side effects. This document does not contain all possible drug interactions. Keep a list of all the products you use (including prescription/nonprescription drugs and herbal products) and share it with your doctor and pharmacist. Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicines without your doctor’s approval.

Does ketoconazole topical interact with other drugs you are taking?

Enter your medication into the WebMD interaction checker

Overdose

This medicine may be harmful if swallowed. If someone has overdosed and has serious symptoms such as passing out or trouble breathing, call 911. Otherwise, call a poison control center right away. US residents can call their local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222. Canada residents can call a provincial poison control center.

Do not share this medication with others.

This medication has been prescribed for your current condition only. Do not use it later for another infection unless your doctor tells you to.

When treating pityriasis, this medication may not cause an immediate return to normal skin color. It may take several months after treatment is completed for your natural skin color to return.

If you miss a dose, use it as soon as you remember. If it is near the time of the next dose, skip the missed dose. Use your next dose at the regular time. Do not double the dose to catch up.

Store at room temperature. Keep all medications away from children and pets.

Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. Properly discard this product when it is expired or no longer needed. Consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal company.