What is the connection between sore throat and acid reflux. How can you distinguish between acid reflux and other causes of sore throat. What are the most effective treatments for acid reflux-related sore throat.

Understanding Acid Reflux and Its Impact on the Throat

Acid reflux, also known as gastroesophageal reflux, occurs when stomach acid travels back up into the esophagus. This common condition can lead to various symptoms, including a sore throat. But how exactly does acid reflux cause throat discomfort?

When stomach acid reaches the throat, it can irritate the delicate tissues, resulting in inflammation and pain. This irritation may manifest as a persistent sore throat, often accompanied by other symptoms such as a dry cough, wheezing, and difficulty swallowing.

Key Symptoms of Acid Reflux

• Heartburn
• Regurgitation
• Bitter taste in the mouth
• Indigestion
• Difficulty swallowing

Is acid reflux always symptomatic? Not necessarily. Many people experience acid reflux without noticeable symptoms. However, when symptoms do occur, they often worsen when lying down, bending over, or after consuming large or spicy meals.

Distinguishing Acid Reflux-Induced Sore Throat from Other Causes

A sore throat caused by acid reflux can sometimes be mistaken for other conditions. How can you tell if your sore throat is due to acid reflux or another issue?

One distinguishing feature of an acid reflux-related sore throat is the sensation of a lump in the throat, also known as globus pharyngeus. Additionally, the discomfort may be accompanied by other typical acid reflux symptoms like heartburn or regurgitation.

Medical professionals occasionally misdiagnose persistent sore throats from acid reflux as recurrent or chronic tonsillitis. This highlights the importance of a thorough evaluation to determine the root cause of throat discomfort.

Comparing Symptoms: Acid Reflux vs. Other Sore Throat Causes

The Dangers of Chronic Acid Reflux: GERD and Its Complications

When acid reflux becomes a chronic condition, it’s referred to as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Approximately 20% of the U.S. population suffers from GERD, which can lead to more severe and persistent symptoms.

Can chronic acid reflux cause long-term damage? Unfortunately, yes. Prolonged exposure to stomach acid can result in several complications:

• Esophageal narrowing: Repeated acid exposure can damage cells in the lower esophagus, leading to scar tissue formation and difficulty swallowing.
• Erosive esophagitis: Stomach acid can cause painful ulcers in the esophagus.
• Barrett’s esophagus: This condition involves changes in the esophageal lining, increasing the risk of esophageal cancer.

Given these potential complications, it’s crucial to address chronic acid reflux promptly and effectively.

Laryngopharyngeal Reflux: When Acid Reaches the Voice Box

A specific type of acid reflux, known as laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR), occurs when stomach acid reaches the vocal cords. This condition can cause significant inflammation and a range of symptoms that may be mistaken for other respiratory issues.

Symptoms of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux

• Hoarseness
• Frequent throat clearing
• Chronic cough
• Sensation of something stuck in the throat

How does LPR differ from typical GERD? While GERD primarily affects the lower esophagus, LPR impacts the upper airway and voice box. This can lead to more pronounced throat and respiratory symptoms, often mimicking an upper respiratory infection.

Effective Treatments for Acid Reflux-Related Sore Throat

Addressing acid reflux-induced sore throat involves a combination of lifestyle changes and medical interventions. What are the most effective strategies for managing this condition?

Lifestyle Modifications

1. Dietary changes: Avoid trigger foods such as spicy, fatty, or acidic items.
2. Weight management: Maintaining a healthy weight can reduce pressure on the stomach and lower esophageal sphincter.
3. Elevating the head during sleep: This can help prevent stomach acid from flowing back into the esophagus.
4. Avoiding late-night meals: Give your body time to digest before lying down.

Medical Treatments

• Over-the-counter antacids: These provide quick relief for occasional heartburn.
• H2 receptor blockers: Medications like famotidine can reduce acid production.
• Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs): These drugs offer more potent and long-lasting acid suppression.

In severe cases or when conservative measures fail, surgical options like fundoplication may be considered. This procedure strengthens the lower esophageal sphincter to prevent acid reflux.

Natural Remedies and Self-Care Strategies for Acid Reflux

For those seeking non-pharmaceutical approaches, several natural remedies and self-care strategies can help alleviate acid reflux symptoms:

• Ginger tea: Known for its anti-inflammatory properties, ginger can soothe the digestive tract.
• Aloe vera juice: This may help reduce inflammation in the digestive system.
• Chewing sugar-free gum: This can increase saliva production, which helps neutralize stomach acid.
• Eating smaller, more frequent meals: This approach can prevent overloading the digestive system.
• Avoiding tight clothing: Loose-fitting garments reduce pressure on the stomach.

How effective are these natural remedies? While scientific evidence varies, many individuals find relief through these methods. It’s important to note that natural remedies should complement, not replace, medical advice and treatment.

When to Seek Medical Attention for Acid Reflux

While occasional acid reflux is common and often manageable with lifestyle changes, certain symptoms warrant medical attention. When should you consult a healthcare provider about your acid reflux symptoms?

• Persistent symptoms despite lifestyle modifications and over-the-counter treatments
• Difficulty swallowing or pain when swallowing
• Unexplained weight loss
• Persistent hoarseness or wheezing
• Vomiting blood or passing black stools

These symptoms may indicate more serious conditions or complications of chronic acid reflux. Prompt medical evaluation can lead to appropriate diagnosis and treatment, potentially preventing long-term damage to the esophagus and throat.

Diagnostic Procedures for Acid Reflux and Related Throat Issues

Accurately diagnosing acid reflux and its impact on the throat often requires specific medical procedures. What diagnostic tools do healthcare providers use to assess acid reflux-related throat issues?

Common Diagnostic Procedures

1. Endoscopy: This procedure allows direct visualization of the esophagus and stomach lining.
2. pH monitoring: A small device measures acid levels in the esophagus over 24-48 hours.
3. Esophageal manometry: This test evaluates the function of the lower esophageal sphincter.
4. Barium swallow: X-rays are taken after swallowing a contrast solution to reveal structural abnormalities.

In cases of suspected laryngopharyngeal reflux, a laryngoscopy may be performed to examine the voice box and upper airway for signs of acid-related damage.

Preventing Acid Reflux and Protecting Your Throat

Prevention is key in managing acid reflux and protecting your throat from its effects. What strategies can you employ to minimize the occurrence of acid reflux?

Effective Prevention Strategies

• Maintain a healthy weight
• Avoid trigger foods and beverages (e.g., caffeine, alcohol, chocolate)
• Eat slowly and mindfully
• Stay upright for at least three hours after meals
• Quit smoking
• Manage stress through relaxation techniques

Implementing these lifestyle changes can significantly reduce the frequency and severity of acid reflux episodes, thereby protecting your throat and overall digestive health.

The Role of Diet in Managing Acid Reflux and Sore Throat

Diet plays a crucial role in managing acid reflux and its associated symptoms, including sore throat. What dietary modifications can help alleviate acid reflux?

Beneficial Dietary Changes

1. Increase fiber intake: High-fiber foods promote healthy digestion and can reduce reflux symptoms.
2. Opt for lean proteins: Choose lean meats, fish, and plant-based proteins over fatty options.
3. Incorporate alkaline foods: Foods like bananas, melons, and leafy greens may help neutralize stomach acid.
4. Stay hydrated: Drinking water between meals can aid digestion and dilute stomach acid.
5. Limit acidic foods: Reduce consumption of citrus fruits, tomatoes, and other highly acidic foods.

Creating a balanced, reflux-friendly diet is often a process of trial and error. Keeping a food diary can help identify personal trigger foods and guide dietary choices.

Medications for Acid Reflux: Benefits and Potential Risks

While lifestyle changes are the foundation of acid reflux management, medications can provide significant relief for many individuals. What are the most commonly prescribed medications for acid reflux, and what should patients know about their use?

Types of Acid Reflux Medications

• Antacids: Provide quick relief by neutralizing stomach acid
• H2 receptor blockers: Reduce acid production for longer-lasting relief
• Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs): Offer the most potent acid suppression
• Prokinetics: Improve stomach emptying and strengthen the lower esophageal sphincter

While these medications can be highly effective, they may also carry potential risks with long-term use. For instance, prolonged use of PPIs has been associated with an increased risk of certain infections, bone fractures, and vitamin B12 deficiency. It’s crucial to discuss the benefits and risks of long-term medication use with a healthcare provider.

The Impact of Stress on Acid Reflux and Throat Health

Stress can exacerbate acid reflux symptoms and contribute to throat discomfort. How does stress affect acid reflux, and what stress management techniques can help?

Stress and Acid Reflux Connection

• Increased stomach acid production
• Heightened sensitivity to esophageal pain
• Altered eating habits (e.g., eating quickly, overeating)
• Increased muscle tension, potentially affecting the lower esophageal sphincter

Effective Stress Management Techniques

1. Mindfulness meditation
2. Deep breathing exercises
3. Regular physical activity
4. Adequate sleep
5. Time management and prioritization

Incorporating stress reduction techniques into daily life can not only improve overall well-being but also contribute to better management of acid reflux symptoms.

Acid Reflux in Children: Special Considerations

While acid reflux is often associated with adults, it can also affect children, presenting unique challenges and considerations. How does acid reflux manifest in children, and what treatment approaches are appropriate?

Symptoms of Acid Reflux in Children

• Frequent spitting up or vomiting
• Refusing to eat or difficulty eating
• Wheezing or persistent cough
• Hoarseness or sore throat
• Poor weight gain or weight loss

Diagnosing and treating acid reflux in children requires a careful approach, as symptoms can overlap with other conditions. Pediatric gastroenterologists often employ a combination of dietary modifications, positioning techniques, and in some cases, medication to manage acid reflux in young patients.

Future Directions in Acid Reflux Treatment and Research

As our understanding of acid reflux and its impact on throat health continues to evolve, new treatment approaches and research directions are emerging. What promising developments are on the horizon for acid reflux management?

Emerging Treatment Approaches

• Personalized medicine: Tailoring treatments based on individual genetic and environmental factors
• Novel pharmaceutical formulations: Developing medications with fewer side effects and improved efficacy
• Minimally invasive surgical techniques: Refining procedures to strengthen the lower esophageal sphincter
• Microbiome-based therapies: Exploring the role of gut bacteria in acid reflux and potential probiotic interventions

Ongoing research aims to enhance our understanding of the complex interplay between acid reflux, throat health, and overall digestive function. These efforts may lead to more targeted and effective treatments in the future, improving outcomes for individuals suffering from acid reflux-related sore throat and other symptoms.

Sore throat and acid reflux: Causes and treatment

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Our team thoroughly researches and evaluates the recommendations we make on our site. To establish that the product manufacturers addressed safety and efficacy standards, we:

• Evaluate ingredients and composition: Do they have the potential to cause harm?
• Fact-check all health claims: Do they align with the current body of scientific evidence?
• Assess the brand: Does it operate with integrity and adhere to industry best practices?

We do the research so you can find trusted products for your health and wellness.

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Was this helpful?

In April 2020, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) requested that all forms of prescription and over-the-counter (OTC) ranitidine (Zantac) be removed from the U. S. market. They made this recommendation because unacceptable levels of NDMA, a probable carcinogen (or cancer-causing chemical), were present in some ranitidine products. People taking prescription ranitidine should talk with their doctor about safe alternative options before stopping the drug. People taking OTC ranitidine should stop taking the drug and talk with their healthcare provider about alternative options. Instead of taking unused ranitidine products to a drug take-back site, a person should dispose of them according to the product’s instructions or by following the FDA’s guidance.

Acid reflux happens when stomach acid travels up into the esophagus, irritating its lining. This irritation can lead to a sore throat, a dry cough, and wheezing.

It can also cause heartburn, a bitter taste in the mouth, regurgitation, indigestion, and difficulty swallowing.

Acid reflux is a common condition. A person may notice the symptoms when they are lying down or bending over, or after eating a big meal or spicy food.

Read on to learn about:

• what acid reflux is
• if it can cause a sore throat
• acid reflux in children
• treatments and self-care strategies
• other causes of a sore throat

Acid reflux is another name for gastroesophageal reflux. It occurs when stomach acid and other stomach contents rise up into the esophagus.

Acid reflux is a common condition and often does not cause symptoms. When it does, a person may have indigestion or heartburn.

Some people develop chronic reflux, and doctors call this gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). It causes more severe and lasting symptoms. About 20% of people in the United States have GERD.

In addition to indigestion and heartburn, acid reflux can cause:

• a sore throat
• regurgitation
• nausea
• pain or difficulty with swallowing

Having weakened or irregular muscles at the base of the esophagus can cause GERD. Other possible causes include:

• eating fatty, acidic, or spicy foods
• having unusual esophageal spasms
• pregnancy
• a hiatal hernia
• slow stomach emptying

Learn more about acid reflux, including how doctors diagnose it, here.

Yes. Acid reflux can cause a sore throat, though heartburn is the most common symptom.

When a sore throat stems from acid reflux, a person may also feel as if they have a lump in their throat.

Head and neck symptoms related to acid reflux can be misleading. Doctors sometimes misdiagnose a persistent sore throat from acid reflux as recurrent or chronic tonsillitis.

Complications of acid reflux

Some people who have acid reflux for a long time may experience:

• Narrowing of the esophagus: The rising stomach acid can damage cells in the lower esophagus, resulting in scar tissue that narrows the organ. This can make swallowing difficult.
• Erosion of tissues: The acid can also cause ulcers, which can be painful. This is known as erosive esophagitis.
• Barret’s esophagus: This condition can cause changes in the tissue that lines the lower esophagus. These changes are associated with a higher risk of esophageal cancer. Routine endoscopy exams can detect early signs of this cancer in people with Barret’s esophagus.

Laryngeal pharyngeal reflux

When stomach, or gastric, acid reaches the vocal cords, it can cause significant inflammation.

If this occurs repeatedly, it can cause in hoarseness, frequent throat clearing, coughing, and a feeling that something is stuck in the throat. The name for this issue is laryngeal pharyngeal reflux.

It often seems to begin as an upper respiratory illness. The symptoms may linger, as a result of damage to the vocal cords that can stem from even small levels of acid reflux.

Treating acid reflux effectively reduces the risk of its complications. Often, small changes to routines can make a difference.

Diet and other self-care strategies

Some people can prevent the sore throat from acid reflux by avoiding activities and foods that increase the risk of acid reflux and its complications.

In otherwise healthy people, these measures may be enough to manage acid reflux, without the need for meds:

• eating small meals 3 to 4 times a day
• elevating the head more during sleep
• not eating 2–3 hours before bed
• avoiding citrus juices, tomato juice, and other acidic drinks, which can irritate the lining of the esophagus
• avoiding acidic, spicy, and fatty foods, including full-fat cow’s milk
• avoiding carbonated, caffeinated, and alcoholic drinks
• not eating mint or mint-flavored foods
• avoiding chocolate
• maintaining a moderate weight
• not wearing tight clothes
• not smoking

Medication

OTC and prescription medicines can neutralize or reduce stomach acids, relieving the symptoms of acid reflux, including a sore throat.

Two helpful types of medication are histamine-2 blockers (h3 blockers) and antacids. h3 blockers help reduce the amount of acid in the stomach, while antacids can help with mild symptoms of acid reflux or GERD.

Other medications work by strengthening the muscles that separate the esophagus from the stomach, to prevent stomach acid from traveling upward.

Various acid reflux medications are available for purchase online.

When to see a doctor

A person should see a doctor if they have any bothersome or concerning symptoms, especially those that might indicate an underlying health issue.

It is also a good idea to contact a doctor if existing reflux symptoms worsen. Particularly if the symptoms are interfering with daily life, a doctor may recommend stronger medications or surgery.

Anyone who has indigestion with chest pain, shortness of breath, or pain in the arm or jaw should receive emergency medical care. These symptoms may indicate a heart attack.

Learn about the signs of a heart attack in females here.

Acid reflux can affect children and infants, as well as adolescents and adults.

Infants with acid reflux may refuse to eat or be unable to gain weight. They may have breathing difficulties or pain after eating.

The cause may be spending long periods lying down or an underdeveloped esophagus.

Also, some experts believe that the length of the esophagus, the condition of the muscles in the lower esophagus, and pinching of the fibers in the diaphragm may influence the development of this condition in children.

Children may also be sensitive to certain foods that affect the valve-like mechanism between the esophagus and the stomach.

When children have acid reflux, doctors may may recommend:

• not lying down immediately after a meal
• having the head raised more during sleep
• the same changes to eating habits described in the self-care section above

For older children, depending on the severity of the symptoms, doctors may prescribe or recommend:

• antacids
• h3 blockers, such as famotidine (Pepcid)
• proton pump inhibitors, such as esomeprazole (Nexium), omeprazole (Prilosec), and lansoprazole (Prevacid)

Several environmental and behavioral factors can cause a sore throat. It may be more likely that a viral or bacterial infection is responsible, such as:

• A cold or the flu: These viral illnesses are the most common cause of a sore throat.
• Strep throat: Group A Streptococcus bacteria cause the inflammation known as strep throat. Symptoms include a sore throat that starts suddenly, red and swollen tonsils, pain when swallowing, and a fever.
• Diphtheria: This potentially serious illness can also cause a fever, weakness, and swollen lymph nodes, sometimes called swollen glands.
• Whooping cough: This bacterial illness causes a sore throat by affecting the respiratory mucous membrane.

Some other illnesses that can cause a sore throat include:

• mononucleosis, also known as glandular fever
• measles
• chickenpox
• croup

In rare cases, a sore throat is sign of HIV or throat cancer.

Anyone with a weakened immune system, such as from HIV, may be prone to oral thrush and cytomegalovirus infection, both of which can affect the throat.

Allergies

Anyone with an allergy to mold, pet dander, or pollen may have a sore throat when they encounter these allergens. The allergic reaction causes mucus to accumulate in the throat, which results in pain and inflammation.

Dry air can also make some people’s throats feel raw and scratchy.

Smoke, tobacco, and alcohol

People who smoke or are regularly exposed to secondhand smoke have an increased risk of a sore throat.

Chewing tobacco or drinking alcohol can also irritate the throat.

Shouting and speaking

Talking for long periods without rest, speaking loudly, or shouting can strain the muscles in the throat, causing soreness.

Acid reflux can cause several symptoms, including a sore throat. Anyone can develop this condition, including infants. The treatment may involve self-care strategies and, for older children and adults, medications.

Speak with a doctor if the symptoms do not improve with treatment or worsen. Also, contact a doctor if asset reflux symptoms occur with any symptoms that are concerning.

If indigestion accompanies chest pain, shortness of breath, or pain in the arm or jaw, contact emergency medical services. These symptoms can indicate a heart attack.

Sore throat and acid reflux: Causes and treatment

We include products we think are useful for our readers. If you buy through links on this page, we may earn a small commission Here’s our process.

Medical News Today only shows you brands and products that we stand behind.

Our team thoroughly researches and evaluates the recommendations we make on our site. To establish that the product manufacturers addressed safety and efficacy standards, we:

• Evaluate ingredients and composition: Do they have the potential to cause harm?
• Fact-check all health claims: Do they align with the current body of scientific evidence?
• Assess the brand: Does it operate with integrity and adhere to industry best practices?

We do the research so you can find trusted products for your health and wellness.

Read more about our vetting process.

Was this helpful?

In April 2020, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) requested that all forms of prescription and over-the-counter (OTC) ranitidine (Zantac) be removed from the U.S. market. They made this recommendation because unacceptable levels of NDMA, a probable carcinogen (or cancer-causing chemical), were present in some ranitidine products. People taking prescription ranitidine should talk with their doctor about safe alternative options before stopping the drug. People taking OTC ranitidine should stop taking the drug and talk with their healthcare provider about alternative options. Instead of taking unused ranitidine products to a drug take-back site, a person should dispose of them according to the product’s instructions or by following the FDA’s guidance.

Acid reflux happens when stomach acid travels up into the esophagus, irritating its lining. This irritation can lead to a sore throat, a dry cough, and wheezing.

It can also cause heartburn, a bitter taste in the mouth, regurgitation, indigestion, and difficulty swallowing.

Acid reflux is a common condition. A person may notice the symptoms when they are lying down or bending over, or after eating a big meal or spicy food.

Read on to learn about:

• what acid reflux is
• if it can cause a sore throat
• acid reflux in children
• treatments and self-care strategies
• other causes of a sore throat

Acid reflux is another name for gastroesophageal reflux. It occurs when stomach acid and other stomach contents rise up into the esophagus.

Acid reflux is a common condition and often does not cause symptoms. When it does, a person may have indigestion or heartburn.

Some people develop chronic reflux, and doctors call this gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). It causes more severe and lasting symptoms. About 20% of people in the United States have GERD.

In addition to indigestion and heartburn, acid reflux can cause:

• a sore throat
• regurgitation
• nausea
• pain or difficulty with swallowing

Having weakened or irregular muscles at the base of the esophagus can cause GERD. Other possible causes include:

• eating fatty, acidic, or spicy foods
• having unusual esophageal spasms
• pregnancy
• a hiatal hernia
• slow stomach emptying

Learn more about acid reflux, including how doctors diagnose it, here.

Yes. Acid reflux can cause a sore throat, though heartburn is the most common symptom.

When a sore throat stems from acid reflux, a person may also feel as if they have a lump in their throat.

Head and neck symptoms related to acid reflux can be misleading. Doctors sometimes misdiagnose a persistent sore throat from acid reflux as recurrent or chronic tonsillitis.

Complications of acid reflux

Some people who have acid reflux for a long time may experience:

• Narrowing of the esophagus: The rising stomach acid can damage cells in the lower esophagus, resulting in scar tissue that narrows the organ. This can make swallowing difficult.
• Erosion of tissues: The acid can also cause ulcers, which can be painful. This is known as erosive esophagitis.
• Barret’s esophagus: This condition can cause changes in the tissue that lines the lower esophagus. These changes are associated with a higher risk of esophageal cancer. Routine endoscopy exams can detect early signs of this cancer in people with Barret’s esophagus.

Laryngeal pharyngeal reflux

When stomach, or gastric, acid reaches the vocal cords, it can cause significant inflammation.

If this occurs repeatedly, it can cause in hoarseness, frequent throat clearing, coughing, and a feeling that something is stuck in the throat. The name for this issue is laryngeal pharyngeal reflux.

It often seems to begin as an upper respiratory illness. The symptoms may linger, as a result of damage to the vocal cords that can stem from even small levels of acid reflux.

Treating acid reflux effectively reduces the risk of its complications. Often, small changes to routines can make a difference.

Diet and other self-care strategies

Some people can prevent the sore throat from acid reflux by avoiding activities and foods that increase the risk of acid reflux and its complications.

In otherwise healthy people, these measures may be enough to manage acid reflux, without the need for meds:

• eating small meals 3 to 4 times a day
• elevating the head more during sleep
• not eating 2–3 hours before bed
• avoiding citrus juices, tomato juice, and other acidic drinks, which can irritate the lining of the esophagus
• avoiding acidic, spicy, and fatty foods, including full-fat cow’s milk
• avoiding carbonated, caffeinated, and alcoholic drinks
• not eating mint or mint-flavored foods
• avoiding chocolate
• maintaining a moderate weight
• not wearing tight clothes
• not smoking

Medication

OTC and prescription medicines can neutralize or reduce stomach acids, relieving the symptoms of acid reflux, including a sore throat.

Two helpful types of medication are histamine-2 blockers (h3 blockers) and antacids. h3 blockers help reduce the amount of acid in the stomach, while antacids can help with mild symptoms of acid reflux or GERD.

Other medications work by strengthening the muscles that separate the esophagus from the stomach, to prevent stomach acid from traveling upward.

Various acid reflux medications are available for purchase online.

When to see a doctor

A person should see a doctor if they have any bothersome or concerning symptoms, especially those that might indicate an underlying health issue.

It is also a good idea to contact a doctor if existing reflux symptoms worsen. Particularly if the symptoms are interfering with daily life, a doctor may recommend stronger medications or surgery.

Anyone who has indigestion with chest pain, shortness of breath, or pain in the arm or jaw should receive emergency medical care. These symptoms may indicate a heart attack.

Learn about the signs of a heart attack in females here.

Acid reflux can affect children and infants, as well as adolescents and adults.

Infants with acid reflux may refuse to eat or be unable to gain weight. They may have breathing difficulties or pain after eating.

The cause may be spending long periods lying down or an underdeveloped esophagus.

Also, some experts believe that the length of the esophagus, the condition of the muscles in the lower esophagus, and pinching of the fibers in the diaphragm may influence the development of this condition in children.

Children may also be sensitive to certain foods that affect the valve-like mechanism between the esophagus and the stomach.

When children have acid reflux, doctors may may recommend:

• not lying down immediately after a meal
• having the head raised more during sleep
• the same changes to eating habits described in the self-care section above

For older children, depending on the severity of the symptoms, doctors may prescribe or recommend:

• antacids
• h3 blockers, such as famotidine (Pepcid)
• proton pump inhibitors, such as esomeprazole (Nexium), omeprazole (Prilosec), and lansoprazole (Prevacid)

Several environmental and behavioral factors can cause a sore throat. It may be more likely that a viral or bacterial infection is responsible, such as:

• A cold or the flu: These viral illnesses are the most common cause of a sore throat.
• Strep throat: Group A Streptococcus bacteria cause the inflammation known as strep throat. Symptoms include a sore throat that starts suddenly, red and swollen tonsils, pain when swallowing, and a fever.
• Diphtheria: This potentially serious illness can also cause a fever, weakness, and swollen lymph nodes, sometimes called swollen glands.
• Whooping cough: This bacterial illness causes a sore throat by affecting the respiratory mucous membrane.

Some other illnesses that can cause a sore throat include:

• mononucleosis, also known as glandular fever
• measles
• chickenpox
• croup

In rare cases, a sore throat is sign of HIV or throat cancer.

Anyone with a weakened immune system, such as from HIV, may be prone to oral thrush and cytomegalovirus infection, both of which can affect the throat.

Allergies

Anyone with an allergy to mold, pet dander, or pollen may have a sore throat when they encounter these allergens. The allergic reaction causes mucus to accumulate in the throat, which results in pain and inflammation.

Dry air can also make some people’s throats feel raw and scratchy.

Smoke, tobacco, and alcohol

People who smoke or are regularly exposed to secondhand smoke have an increased risk of a sore throat.

Chewing tobacco or drinking alcohol can also irritate the throat.

Shouting and speaking

Talking for long periods without rest, speaking loudly, or shouting can strain the muscles in the throat, causing soreness.

Acid reflux can cause several symptoms, including a sore throat. Anyone can develop this condition, including infants. The treatment may involve self-care strategies and, for older children and adults, medications.

Speak with a doctor if the symptoms do not improve with treatment or worsen. Also, contact a doctor if asset reflux symptoms occur with any symptoms that are concerning.

If indigestion accompanies chest pain, shortness of breath, or pain in the arm or jaw, contact emergency medical services. These symptoms can indicate a heart attack.

Laryngopharyngeal reflux – causes, symptoms and treatment

Laryngopharyngeal reflux is not an independent disease, but one of the most common manifestations of gastroesophageal disease (GERD), a pathology of the digestive system, in which the contents of the stomach or duodenum are regularly thrown into the esophagus and cause inflammation of its walls .

Laryngopharyngeal reflux is estimated to occur in about 10% of people diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux (GERD). Most often, reflux affects people of young and middle age: 20-60 years.

Mechanism of development of laryngopharyngeal reflux

The esophagus is a hollow muscular tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach. Wave-like contraction of the esophagus allows you to push the chewed food into the stomach.

In the upper and lower parts of the esophagus there are special valves – sphincters

Sphincters are located in the upper and lower parts of the esophagus – special valves that allow liquid and food to pass only down into the stomach. Outside of eating, these valves are normally closed and prevent gastric contents (undigested food and gastric juice) from entering the esophagus.

Gastric juice contains hydrochloric acid, which helps digest food. Acid does not harm the stomach, but it acts destructively on other organs.

In laryngopharyngeal reflux, the upper esophageal sphincter does not close completely. As a result, the contents of the stomach are thrown into the esophagus, and from there into the upper respiratory tract and larynx and damage their mucous membranes.

Causes of laryngopharyngeal reflux

There are a number of factors that can trigger the development of laryngopharyngeal reflux.

Main causes of LPR:

• eating large amounts of salty, fatty foods, chocolate, coffee, carbonated drinks, alcohol;
• peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum;
• chronic gastroduodenitis – simultaneous damage to the mucous membrane of the stomach and duodenum;
• hiatal hernia – a hernial protrusion that appears when the lower esophagus, upper stomach and intestinal loops are displaced into the chest cavity;
• cholelithiasis – the formation of stones in the gallbladder;
• increased intra-abdominal pressure with flatulence, large neoplasms of internal organs or retroperitoneal space, severe obesity, as well as during pregnancy;
• taking certain drugs from the nitrate group, calcium channel blockers, antidepressants;
• irregular meals, habit of overeating before going to bed;
• Working in a bent or stooped position or taking such postures immediately after eating.

One of the causes of laryngopharyngeal reflux is eating a lot of fatty and fried foods

Symptoms of laryngopharyngeal reflux

The main symptoms of laryngopharyngeal reflux are an unproductive cough and sore throat that worsens after eating. Without timely treatment, there is a risk of developing dysphonia: the voice becomes hoarse or may completely disappear. In this case, it is only possible to speak in a whisper. Unpleasant sensations may appear in the ear area – congestion, pops.

Complications of laryngopharyngeal reflux

In LPR, the mucous membranes of the mouth and upper respiratory tract are constantly injured by the acidic contents of the stomach. Over time, this can provoke sluggish inflammatory processes.

The most common complications of laryngopharyngeal reflux – LPR:

• chronic tonsillitis – inflammation of the palatine tonsils;
• laryngitis – inflammation of the mucous membrane of the larynx;
• adenoiditis – acute or chronic inflammation of the pharyngeal tonsil;
• chronic tracheobronchitis – inflammation of the mucous membrane of the bronchi, trachea and bronchioles (terminal branches of the bronchial tree).

Diagnosis of laryngopharyngeal reflux

Diagnosis of “laryngopharyngeal reflux” is made on the basis of patient complaints, examination data and instrumental and laboratory studies.

Inspection

At the appointment, the doctor conducts a survey: he studies the patient’s diet, eating habits, be sure to pay attention to comorbidities and factors that may contribute to an increase in intra-abdominal pressure.

The Reflux Symptom Index (RSI) scale is sometimes used for preliminary diagnosis of LPR. The assessment is carried out on a five-point scale, where 0 – the symptom is absent, 5 – the symptom is pronounced.

If the RSI is 10 or more, the patient may be suspected of having laryngopharyngeal reflux.

Next, the specialist examines the patient’s pharynx and larynx using special lighting and mirrors. On the back and side walls of the pharynx with LPR, enlarged lymphoid follicles are usually found – they look like grains on the mucous membrane. Mucus is visible between the palatine arches, there may be plugs in the tonsils. At the same time, the mucous membrane of the pharynx is swollen and cyanotic.

When examining the larynx, the doctor may find ulceration in the vocal folds and laryngeal cartilages.

If, based on the results of the interview and examination, the doctor suspects LPR – laryngopharyngeal reflux, he may prescribe instrumental examinations to the patient to confirm the diagnosis.

Instrumental diagnostics

One of the main ways to confirm or exclude laryngopharyngeal reflux is laryngoscopy (examination of the larynx using a special mirror). The procedure allows you to assess in detail the condition of the mucous membrane of the mouth and larynx, to identify violations in the work of the vocal cords.

Also, for diagnostics, FGDS can be prescribed – fibrogastroduodenoscopy . During the procedure, a thin tube is inserted through the patient’s mouth into the esophagus, at the end of which there is a camera and a special flashlight. The procedure is not too pleasant, but does not last long.

According to the results of EGD, the doctor can assess the condition of the mucous membrane of the esophagus and sphincters – valves that are located in its upper and lower parts

Intragastric pH is a method that measures the acidity of the gastric juice and evaluates how damaging the stomach contents are to the esophagus. During the study, a flexible probe is inserted into the corresponding section of the gastrointestinal tract. The results obtained from the probe are processed by a computer.

Esophageal impedancemetry is a study that allows you to detect the movement of gastric contents into the esophagus and evaluate how often and for how long this happens, how the process is affected by the position of the person’s body, the amount of food and the type of medications that he takes. During the procedure, a thin probe equipped with special sensors is inserted into the esophagus and left for 24 hours.

To determine the causes of LPR, the doctor may refer the patient to laboratory tests.

Laboratory diagnostics

So, if chronic gastroduodenitis is suspected, it is useful to take an analysis for Helicobacter in feces by PCR. The bacterium Helicobacter pylori is one of the main causative agents of inflammatory diseases of the stomach and duodenum, including gastroduodenitis.

Helicobacter, DNA (Helicobacter pylori, PCR) feces, quality.

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LPR can also provoke cholelithiasis. A general and biochemical blood test helps to suspect it. The CBC will show non-specific signs of inflammation – an increase in ESR and the concentration of leukocytes. The results of a biochemical study can confirm hypercholesterolemia (increased blood levels of cholesterol), hyperbilirubinemia (high levels of bilirubin) and an increase in alkaline phosphatase activity.

Complete blood count extended with leukocyte formula and reticulocytes (only venous blood)

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Treatment of laryngopharyngeal reflux

Treatment of LPR is carried out simultaneously with GERD therapy and includes two main areas: lifestyle changes and the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs).

Basic recommendations related to the patient’s lifestyle:

• stop smoking and drinking alcohol;
• monitor body weight;
• to sleep with the head of the bed raised by 15 cm;
• do not wear tight belts, corsets, bandages;
• adjust the diet: do not overeat at night, avoid fatty and fried foods, citrus fruits, coffee, chocolate;
• do not lie down immediately after eating;
• do not take uncontrolled drugs that provoke reflux (reflux of stomach contents into the esophagus): nitrates and calcium channel blockers (they are prescribed for heart disease), as well as antidepressants.

Proton pump inhibitors are medicines that permanently reduce stomach acid production. Usually they are prescribed in standard doses, then the dosage is reduced and gradually switched to maintenance therapy for a period of 6 months to 1 year. The dosage regimen is prescribed by the attending physician.

In difficult cases, surgical treatment may be required – Nissen fundoplication: the fundus of the stomach is wrapped around the esophagus, thus creating a cuff that prevents gastric juice from flowing back into the esophagus.

Which doctor to contact for laryngopharyngeal reflux

Laryngopharyngeal reflux is treated by an otolaryngologist (ENT) – a specialist in diseases of the larynx, pharynx, nose, and ears. He often works with a gastroenterologist.

Prognosis and prevention

With timely treatment and compliance with all doctor’s recommendations, the prognosis is favorable.

Neglected cases and self-treatment can lead to complications: chronic tonsillitis, pharyngitis and other diseases, including pneumonia – pneumonia.

To prevent relapses, patients need to adhere to a balanced diet: do not overeat at night, refuse fatty and fried foods, citrus fruits, coffee, and alcoholic beverages. Sleep with the head of the bed raised by 15 cm. Do not lift weights, watch your weight and do not tighten your chest and stomach with tight corsets and bandages.

And most importantly: when the first symptoms of laryngopharyngeal reflux appear, consult a general practitioner or otolaryngologist (ENT) so as not to start the disease and avoid its complications.

Sources

1. Plotnikova E.Yu., Krasnova M.V., Krasnov K.A., Baranova E.N. Laryngopharyngeal reflux in gastroenterological practice // Attending physician, 2014. No. 2. P. 61–66.
2. Plotnikova E.Yu. “Masks” of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Laryngopharyngeal reflux // IDoctor, 2014. No. 6(25). C. 28–31/
3. Kosyakov S. Ya., Loranskaya I. D., Angotoeva I. B., Muldasheva A. A. Laryngopharyngeal reflux: yesterday, today, tomorrow // Medical Council, 2016. #6. pp. 78–80.

Sore throat and voice treatment for reflux symptoms

Sore throat and its treatment with symptoms of reflux requires a mandatory consultation with a gastroenterologist, an otolaryngologist and the appointment of complex therapy.

A hoarse throat, a lost voice, a feeling of itching, coughing, hoarseness, frequent heartburn are all symptoms of reflux esophagitis. It occurs when inflammation of the mucous membranes of the lower segment of the esophagus due to the frequent reverse reflux of contents from the stomach.

Sore throat and its treatment with symptoms of reflux requires a mandatory consultation with a gastroenterologist, an otolaryngologist and the appointment of complex therapy.

Effect of reflux on the voice

With a long and protracted disease of the digestive tract, diseases of the throat and larynx often occur. The backflow of contents from the esophagus into the throat that occurs with reflux leads to a burning sensation and sensation of a lump in the throat, and sometimes causes swelling of the vocal cords. Such an impact on the speech apparatus is often accompanied by changes in the voice.

Typical symptoms of reflux, indicating a disease of the throat and ligaments, are:

• frequent nocturnal cough;
• morning hoarseness, passing during the day;
• pain when swallowing;
• dry mouth;
• foreign body sensation in throat;
• difficult breathing at night;
• involuntary spasms of the muscles of the larynx;
• heartburn.

With reflux, the throat hurts most often after eating and in the morning after waking up, a characteristic plaque is noticeable on the tongue and a bitter taste appears in the mouth.

How reflux can affect the condition of the larynx

The surfaces of the pharynx and larynx are very sensitive to the effects of gastric secretions. The epithelial layer of these organs is not as protected as the epithelium of the esophagus, therefore, it reacts more intensively to negative influences. This leads to the fact that as a result of reflux disease, conditions such as:

• redness or swelling of the ligaments;
• contact ulcers of the larynx;
• granulomas on the vocal folds;
• narrowing of the glottis.

With prolonged inflammation, in advanced cases, when the necessary treatment is not carried out, tumors may form in the throat and larynx.

How to treat a throat with reflux

For effective treatment of throat with reflux, proper nutrition is required:

• frequent small meals;
• getting rid of excess weight and bad habits, in particular, smoking;
• elimination of meals just before bedtime;
• removal of foods with a high level of acidity from the diet.

To eliminate hoarseness and get rid of hoarseness, you can also use the complex preparation Homeovox. It will help to quickly restore ligaments, cope with voice disorders and protect it from overvoltage.

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• frequent nocturnal cough;
• morning hoarseness, passing during the day;
• pain when swallowing;
• dry mouth;
• foreign body sensation in throat;
• difficult breathing at night;
• involuntary spasms of the muscles of the larynx;
• heartburn.

With reflux, the throat hurts most often after eating and in the morning after waking up, a characteristic coating is noticeable on the tongue and a bitter taste appears in the mouth.

How reflux can affect the condition of the larynx

The surfaces of the pharynx and larynx are very sensitive to the effects of gastric secretions. The epithelial layer of these organs is not as protected as the epithelium of the esophagus, therefore, it reacts more intensively to negative influences. This leads to the fact that as a result of reflux disease, conditions such as:

• redness or swelling of the ligaments;
• contact ulcers of the larynx;
• granulomas on the vocal folds;
• narrowing of the glottis.

With prolonged inflammation, in advanced cases, when the necessary treatment is not carried out, tumors may form in the throat and larynx.

How to treat a throat with reflux

For effective treatment of throat with reflux, proper nutrition is required:

• frequent small meals;
• getting rid of excess weight and bad habits, in particular, smoking;
• elimination of meals just before bedtime;
• removal of foods with a high level of acidity from the diet.

To eliminate hoarseness and get rid of hoarseness, you can also use the complex preparation Homeovox. It will help to quickly restore ligaments, cope with voice disorders and protect it from overvoltage.