Supplement for underactive thyroid. Thyroid Support: Essential Vitamins and Supplements for Hypothyroidism Management
How can vitamins and supplements help with an underactive thyroid. What nutrients are beneficial for hypothyroidism. Which supplements can improve thyroid function. How do iodine, selenium, and zinc affect thyroid health. What role does vitamin D play in thyroid hormone regulation.
Understanding Hypothyroidism and the Role of Nutrients
Hypothyroidism, a condition where the thyroid gland doesn’t produce enough thyroid hormone, affects millions of people worldwide. While medication is the primary treatment, many individuals seek additional support through vitamins and supplements. These nutrients can potentially address underlying causes of thyroid dysfunction and improve overall thyroid health.
Dr. Raphael Kellman, a functional medicine physician, emphasizes that “Vitamins and nutrients can help fight the underlying causes of thyroid disorders, such as autoimmune processes and inflammation, and help improve a dysfunctional thyroid.” However, it’s crucial to consult with a healthcare provider before starting any supplement regimen.
Iodine: The Building Block of Thyroid Hormones
Iodine is a fundamental component in the production of thyroid hormones. The recommended daily intake for most adults is 150 micrograms. Good dietary sources include:
- Milk and dairy products
- Eggs
- Poultry
- Seafood, especially seaweed and kelp
While iodine is essential, caution is necessary when considering supplementation. Excessive iodine intake can paradoxically cause or worsen hypothyroidism. A 2014 study published in Endocrinology and Metabolism highlighted that excessive iodine levels could lead to autoimmune thyroiditis, such as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.
Is iodine supplementation safe for everyone with hypothyroidism?
Iodine supplementation is not universally beneficial for those with hypothyroidism. Individual needs vary, and some people may already have adequate iodine levels. Always consult with an endocrinologist or thyroid specialist before adding iodine supplements to your regimen.
The Vital Role of Vitamin B Complex in Thyroid Function
Vitamin B complex plays a crucial role in thyroid function and hormone regulation. MaryAnne Metzak, RD, CDN, recommends taking a comprehensive B-complex supplement, with additional vitamin B12 if blood tests indicate a deficiency. Excellent food sources of B vitamins include:
- Whole grains
- Legumes
- Nuts and seeds
- Dairy products
- Meat and fish
- Dark leafy greens
How do B vitamins support thyroid health?
B vitamins are essential cofactors in various enzymatic processes related to thyroid function. They support energy production, metabolism, and the conversion of thyroid hormones. Vitamin B12, in particular, is crucial for proper nervous system function, which can be affected by thyroid disorders.
Selenium: A Key Player in Thyroid Hormone Metabolism
Selenium is an essential mineral for efficient thyroid hormone synthesis and metabolism. Denise Londergan, RD, MPH, notes that selenium may also reduce levels of antibodies against thyroid peroxidase in people with hypothyroidism. A 2018 study in the journal Diagnostics supported this claim.
Selenium-rich foods include:
- Tuna, salmon, sardines
- Shrimp and scallops
- Lamb, chicken, beef, and turkey
- Eggs
- Shiitake mushrooms
Dr. Kellman suggests a daily selenium supplement of 100 to 200 micrograms for those who can’t meet their needs through diet alone.
Can selenium improve thyroid antibody levels?
Research indicates that selenium supplementation may help reduce thyroid antibodies in individuals with autoimmune thyroid conditions. However, the effects can vary, and it’s essential to monitor selenium levels to avoid toxicity.
Zinc: Enhancing Thyroid Hormone Synthesis
Zinc is another mineral crucial for thyroid function, particularly in the conversion of the thyroid hormone T4 to the more active T3 form. A study published in Hormones: The Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism demonstrated that zinc supplementation could significantly improve T3 levels.
Zinc-rich food sources include:
- Shellfish and mollusks
- Meat
- Legumes
- Nuts
The recommended daily intake of zinc is 8 milligrams for adult women and 11 milligrams for adult men, according to the Office of Dietary Supplements.
How does zinc interact with thyroid hormones?
Zinc is involved in multiple steps of thyroid hormone metabolism. It plays a role in the production of thyroid-releasing hormone (TRH) in the hypothalamus and is required for the proper functioning of enzymes involved in thyroid hormone synthesis. Additionally, zinc supports the conversion of T4 to T3, enhancing overall thyroid function.
Tyrosine: The Precursor to Thyroid Hormones
Tyrosine is an amino acid that, when combined with iodine, produces thyroid hormones. Dr. Kellman emphasizes its importance in thyroid hormone production and conversion. The best way to ensure adequate tyrosine intake is through protein-rich foods.
Londergan recommends aiming for 10 to 35 percent of daily calories from protein sources, which naturally contain tyrosine. These include:
- Lean meats
- Fish
- Eggs
- Dairy products
- Legumes
- Nuts and seeds
Is tyrosine supplementation necessary for hypothyroidism?
For most individuals with hypothyroidism, dietary sources of tyrosine are sufficient. However, in cases of severe deficiency or increased demand, tyrosine supplementation may be beneficial. Always consult with a healthcare provider before starting any amino acid supplement.
Vitamin D: The Sunshine Vitamin’s Impact on Thyroid Health
Vitamin D deficiency has been strongly associated with thyroid dysfunction. Research indicates that vitamin D supplementation can improve TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone) levels in individuals with hypothyroidism. The relationship between vitamin D and thyroid function is complex and multifaceted.
Sources of vitamin D include:
- Sunlight exposure
- Fatty fish (salmon, mackerel, sardines)
- Egg yolks
- Fortified dairy products
- Mushrooms exposed to UV light
How does vitamin D influence thyroid function?
Vitamin D plays a regulatory role in the immune system and may help reduce inflammation associated with autoimmune thyroid conditions. It also supports the proper functioning of thyroid hormone receptors. Some studies suggest that vitamin D deficiency may exacerbate the symptoms of hypothyroidism and that supplementation can lead to improved thyroid hormone levels.
Antioxidants and Their Role in Thyroid Health
Antioxidants play a crucial role in protecting the thyroid gland from oxidative stress, which can contribute to thyroid dysfunction. Key antioxidants beneficial for thyroid health include:
- Vitamin C
- Vitamin E
- Beta-carotene
- Flavonoids
These antioxidants can be found in a variety of fruits, vegetables, nuts, and seeds. A diet rich in colorful plant foods can provide a wide range of antioxidants to support overall thyroid health.
Can antioxidants prevent thyroid damage?
While antioxidants cannot cure thyroid conditions, they may help protect the thyroid gland from further damage caused by free radicals and oxidative stress. Antioxidants support overall cellular health and may contribute to more efficient thyroid hormone production and utilization.
Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Anti-inflammatory Support for Thyroid Function
Omega-3 fatty acids, particularly EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid), have anti-inflammatory properties that may benefit individuals with thyroid disorders. These essential fatty acids can help reduce inflammation associated with autoimmune thyroid conditions and support overall thyroid health.
Good sources of omega-3s include:
- Fatty fish (salmon, sardines, mackerel)
- Flaxseeds and chia seeds
- Walnuts
- Algae-based supplements (for vegetarians and vegans)
How do omega-3s impact thyroid function?
Omega-3 fatty acids can help improve the sensitivity of cells to thyroid hormones, potentially enhancing their effectiveness. They also support the integrity of cell membranes, which is crucial for proper hormone signaling. Additionally, the anti-inflammatory effects of omega-3s may help reduce thyroid inflammation in autoimmune conditions like Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.
The Importance of a Balanced Approach to Supplementation
While vitamins and supplements can play a supportive role in managing hypothyroidism, it’s crucial to approach supplementation with caution and under professional guidance. Here are some key considerations:
- Always consult with a healthcare provider before starting any new supplement regimen.
- Undergo appropriate blood tests to determine your individual nutrient needs.
- Be aware that some supplements can interact with thyroid medications or affect thyroid function.
- Focus on obtaining nutrients from whole food sources whenever possible.
- Maintain open communication with your healthcare team about all supplements you’re taking.
Can supplements replace thyroid medication?
Supplements should not be considered a replacement for prescribed thyroid medication. They are intended to support overall thyroid health and function in conjunction with proper medical treatment. Always follow your healthcare provider’s recommendations regarding thyroid medication and never adjust or discontinue medication without professional guidance.
Lifestyle Factors That Complement Nutritional Support
In addition to proper nutrition and supplementation, several lifestyle factors can significantly impact thyroid health:
- Stress management: Chronic stress can negatively affect thyroid function. Incorporate stress-reduction techniques such as meditation, yoga, or deep breathing exercises.
- Regular exercise: Physical activity can help improve thyroid function and overall metabolic health.
- Adequate sleep: Proper sleep is crucial for hormone balance, including thyroid hormones.
- Environmental toxin reduction: Minimize exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals found in some plastics, pesticides, and personal care products.
- Gut health support: A healthy gut microbiome can positively influence thyroid function and hormone conversion.
How does gut health affect thyroid function?
The gut-thyroid axis is an emerging area of research. A healthy gut microbiome supports proper nutrient absorption, helps convert T4 to T3, and may reduce inflammation associated with autoimmune thyroid conditions. Probiotic-rich foods and prebiotic fibers can support a healthy gut environment, potentially benefiting thyroid health.
Monitoring and Adjusting Your Supplement Regimen
Managing hypothyroidism with supplements requires ongoing attention and adjustment. Regular monitoring is essential to ensure that your supplement regimen remains effective and safe. Consider the following steps:
- Schedule regular check-ups with your healthcare provider to assess thyroid function and overall health.
- Undergo periodic blood tests to monitor thyroid hormone levels, nutrient status, and any potential imbalances.
- Keep a symptom journal to track how you feel in response to different supplements or dietary changes.
- Be prepared to adjust your supplement regimen based on test results and how you feel.
- Stay informed about new research in thyroid health and discuss findings with your healthcare team.
How often should thyroid function be tested when taking supplements?
The frequency of thyroid function tests can vary depending on individual circumstances. Generally, it’s recommended to have thyroid levels checked every 6-12 months if your condition is stable. However, if you’ve recently started a new supplement regimen or made significant changes to your diet, more frequent testing may be necessary. Always follow your healthcare provider’s recommendations for monitoring.
In conclusion, while vitamins and supplements can play a supportive role in managing hypothyroidism, they should be used thoughtfully and under professional guidance. A holistic approach that combines proper nutrition, targeted supplementation, and healthy lifestyle practices can help optimize thyroid function and overall well-being. Remember that each individual’s needs are unique, and what works for one person may not be suitable for another. Continual communication with your healthcare team is key to developing and maintaining an effective management plan for hypothyroidism.
Can Vitamins and Supplements Help?
If your body doesn’t produce enough thyroid hormone, certain vitamins and minerals may help. Learn about enhancing hypothyroid treatment with dietary supplements.
By Elizabeth Shimer BowersMedically Reviewed by Rosalyn Carson-DeWitt, MD
Reviewed:
Medically Reviewed
Certain vitamins and supplements can help boost thyroid function.Masterfile
For some people, managing hypothyroidism isn’t just about taking medications. They also turn to vitamins and other nutrients for help in managing the condition, which occurs when the thyroid doesn’t make enough thyroid hormone to keep the body running normally.
“Vitamins and nutrients can help fight the underlying causes of thyroid disorders, such as autoimmune processes and inflammation, and help improve a dysfunctional thyroid,” says Raphael Kellman, MD, a functional medicine physician in New York City and author of The Microbiome Diet.
However, it’s important to understand that no one should supplement with vitamins and minerals without talking to their doctor first. “You want to first know your individual levels of these vitamins and minerals, which you can find out with a blood test,” Dr. Kellman says. Results may reveal you have a nutrient deficiency that requires you to get a higher amount of a certain vitamin or supplement.
“You also want to make sure you have all the facts on the vitamins and minerals you’d like to supplement with,” says MaryAnne Metzak, RD, CDN, a registered dietitian based in New York. And it’s important to keep the lines of communication open between you and your doctor. “Your doctor needs to know exactly how much of each vitamin and supplement you’re taking in case you have a negative reaction,” Metzak says.
Here are specific nutrients that may be beneficial for hypothyroidism.
Iodine Is Needed to Make Thyroid Hormone
You need an adequate supply of iodine to make thyroid hormone.
The recommended minimum iodine intake for most adults is 150 micrograms a day, according to the National Institutes of Health Office of Dietary Supplements. Good food sources include milk, cheese, poultry, eggs, kelp, and other seaweeds, Kellman says. “But you have to be careful with supplementing iodine because too much can be problematic and actually cause hypothyroidism,” he says.
It’s important to speak with your physicians before consuming any iodine supplements due to the adverse effects it can have on hypothyroidism. A review published in September 2014 study in the journal Endocrinology and Metabolism found that excessive levels of iodine are unsafe and could result in hypothyroidism and autoimmune thyroiditis such as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.
Vitamin B Is Important for Thyroid Function
“Vitamin B is important for people with hypothyroidism because the B vitamins have many interactions with thyroid function and hormone regulation,” Metzak says.
It’s best to take a nutritional supplement that includes the entire vitamin B complex, and you may need additional vitamin B12 if a blood test reveals your levels are low, she says. Good food sources of vitamin B include whole grains, legumes, nuts, milk, yogurt, meat, fish, eggs, seeds, and dark leafy greens.
Selenium Is Essential for Thyroid Hormone Metabolism
“Selenium supports efficient thyroid synthesis and metabolism,” says Denise Londergan, RD, MPH, a registered dietitian in Ohio. Selenium may also reduce levels of antibodies against thyroid peroxidase — an enzyme that plays an important role in the production of thyroid hormones — in people with hypothyroidism, according to a study published in 2018 in the journal Diagnostics. Foods that provide selenium include tuna, shrimp, salmon, sardines, scallops, lamb, chicken, beef, turkey, eggs, and shitake mushrooms. “Or you can take 100 to 200 micrograms of selenium in supplement form per day,” Kellman says.
Zinc Helps Synthesize Thyroid Hormone
In addition to selenium, zinc plays a role in the conversion of the thyroid hormone T4 to T3. Selenium and zinc are beneficial in improving thyroid function and hormone levels. According to a study in Hormones: The Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, zinc improves T3 levels significantly. Food sources of zinc include shellfish, mollusks, meat, legumes, and nuts. The recommended daily intake of zinc is 8 to 11 milligrams for adult women and men, respectively, according to the Office of Dietary Supplements.
Tyrosine, in Combination With Iodine, Produces Thyroid Hormone
“Tyrosine is a nutrient involved in thyroid hormone production and conversion,” Kellman says. One of the best ways to get more tyrosine, an amino acid, is to make sure you’re getting enough protein, Londergan says. Aim for 10 to 35 percent of your calories from protein each day.
Vitamin D Improves TSH Levels
“Research has shown a strong association with vitamin D deficiency and people with hypothyroidism,” Metzak says.
In a study published in the November 2013 issue of the International Journal of Health Sciences, researchers looked at the vitamin D levels of 30 people with hypothyroidism and 30 who didn’t have the condition and found that the vitamin D levels were significantly lower in those with hypothyroidism. A study published in 2018 in the Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism found that vitamin D supplements improved TSH levels in subjects with hypothyroidism as well as thyroid antibodies in people with autoimmune thyroiditis. You can get vitamin D from fortified milk, yogurt, and orange juice. “Food sources of vitamin D are often not adequate, however,” Kellman says. He recommends supplements for those who are vitamin D deficient. Your doctor can let you know if that’s necessary, and which dosage is best for you.
As with any chronic condition, a healthy diet can go a long way with hypothyroidism. “Eat an anti-inflammatory diet full of lots of fruits and vegetables and unprocessed foods, and limit sugar,” Londergan says.
Some Supplements Can Affect Thyroid Medication
While there are plenty of vitamins and supplements that can help people with hypothyroidism, there are also some that may interfere with thyroid hormone absorption. According to the Mayo Clinic, supplements such as calcium, iron, multivitamins containing iron, and antacids containing magnesium or aluminum can potentially have interactions with thyroid medications. They should be taken several hours before or after your thyroid medication to avoid an interaction. Talk to your doctor before taking any of these supplements.
Additional reporting by Blake Miller
By subscribing you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy.
7 Ways to Practice Self-Care When Managing Hypothyroidism
Managing hypothyroidism can be stressful and is even tied to a higher risk for depression and anxiety. But practicing self-care by meditating, eating …
By Kristeen Cherney, PhD
How to Look Your Best With Hypothyroidism: Coping With Dry Skin, Thinning Hair and Eyebrows, Puffy Eyes, and Weight Gain
Hypothyroidism (an underactive thyroid condition) can cause weight gain, dry and flaky skin, thinning hair and eyebrows, and puffy eyes.
But there are…
By Madeline R. Vann, MPH
7 Ways to Sleep Better if You Have Hypothyroidism
Tired during the day? If you have hypothyroidism, you are more likely to experience fatigue. Learn how to sleep better to boost energy.
By Elizabeth Shimer Bowers
6 Weight Loss Tips for Hypothyroidism
Hypothyroidism, if not treated, can make weight loss a challenge. But with the proper thyroid medication, as well as certain diet and lifestyle changes…
By Diana Rodriguez
What Is Hypothyroidism? Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention
Hypothyroidism is when your thyroid gland produces insufficient hormones, impacting your metabolism. Underactive thyroid is most likely to affect women…
By Kristeen Cherney, PhD
6 Ways to Stay on Top of Your Hypothyroidism Medication
Missing a dose of thyroid medication, or taking it at the wrong time, can upset your treatment plan and make it less effective.
Here are six strategies…
By Mikel Theobald
Supplements and Thyroid Health: What to Know
Thyroid conditions, including hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, and thyroid cancer, are common. For example, up to 7% of the U.S. population has hypothyroidism, a condition in which your thyroid doesn’t produce enough thyroid hormones (1).
Depending on the type of disease, thyroid conditions are typically treated with medications like thyroid hormone replacement, surgery, and other procedures, such as radiation therapy for thyroid cancer.
In addition to conventional treatments for thyroid conditions, research shows that dietary interventions, including supplements, may help treat certain thyroid diseases.
However, certain supplements may do more harm than good when it comes to thyroid health.
This article explains how supplements may help certain people with thyroid-related health conditions.
If you walk down the supplement aisle of your favorite health food store, you’ll likely see a section dedicated to thyroid health.
Due to the prevalence of thyroid conditions, many supplement companies have started making supplements that are designed to “support thyroid health.”
Although some of these products are harmless, certain thyroid supplements may lead to negative side effects and can even harm your thyroid.
Before addressing why thyroid-specific supplements may not be the best choice for everyone, it’s important to explain what nutrients the thyroid needs for optimal functioning. Here are some of the most important nutrients for thyroid health:
- Selenium. Selenium, a mineral needed for thyroid hormone production, helps protect the thyroid from damage caused by oxidative stress. The thyroid contains high amounts of selenium, and a deficiency can lead to thyroid dysfunction (2).
- Iodine. Iodine is critical for thyroid function. In fact, currently, the only known role of iodine is to support thyroid hormone production. Triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) are thyroid hormones that contain iodine.
Iodine deficiency causes thyroid disease (3, 4). - Zinc. The mineral zinc is required for thyroid hormone production. An optimal concentration of zinc is needed for healthy levels of T3, T4, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) (5).
- Iron. The thyroid needs iron to convert T4 into T3, the active form of thyroid hormone. Iron deficiency is associated with thyroid dysfunction (6).
Iodine deficiency causes thyroid disease (3, 4).Other nutrients, including B vitamins and vitamins A and E, are also needed for optimal thyroid function. Being deficient in one or more nutrients can negatively affect thyroid health and increase your risk of thyroid disease (7, 8, 9, 10).
For most people, following a nutrient-dense diet rich in whole foods is enough to maintain optimal thyroid function.
However, certain populations may need to supplement their diet with vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients to maintain overall health, including the health of the thyroid.
These populations include people on restrictive diets, people who are pregnant or breastfeeding, and those who have a thyroid condition or other health issues.
Should you take thyroid-specific supplements?
There’s no doubt that a nutritious diet that provides optimal nutrient levels is important for maintaining thyroid health, nor that nutrient deficiencies can lead to thyroid issues.
Still, for people who don’t have thyroid issues and follow a well-balanced, nutrient-dense diet, there’s typically no need to take thyroid-specific supplements.
In fact, certain supplements marketed toward those looking to promote thyroid health may be dangerous to take.
For example, many thyroid supplements contain high amounts of iodine and may contain thyroid hormones. Taking these supplements can lead to dangerous side effects and create thyroid issues in people with healthy thyroid function (11).
One study that analyzed 10 thyroid supplements found that the majority of them contained detectable amounts of T3 and T4. Some of the products tested contained more T3 and T4 than healthcare providers typically prescribe to people with hypothyroidism (11).
Taking these supplements may lead to elevated thyroid hormone levels in the blood and cause symptoms of hyperthyroidism, which can lead to dangerous complications (12, 13, 14).
What’s more, excessive iodine intake from supplements may cause hypothyroidism in susceptible individuals (12, 13, 14).
Thyroid supplements may be unsafe for people who have thyroid conditions, too.
This is because people with thyroid issues have specific needs, and taking supplements marketed to enhance thyroid health may negatively affect thyroid function, causing their health and symptoms to worsen.
As such, people with and without thyroid conditions should avoid taking supplements marketed to promote thyroid health. Instead, work with a practitioner to come up with a healthy and safe plan that’s based on your specific needs and health status.
Summary
It’s a smart idea to stay away from dietary supplements marketed to improve thyroid health. These products can cause health issues in people with and without thyroid disease.
Hashimoto’s disease is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in the United States. It’s an autoimmune disease in which the immune system produces antibodies that attack the thyroid, causing fibrosis or scarring of the thyroid tissue (15).
Hashimoto’s disease is associated with a variety of symptoms, including weight gain, fatigue, hair loss, anemia, constipation, cold intolerance, joint pain, dry skin, mood changes, difficulty concentrating, and more (15).
In addition to medication, diet and lifestyle modification can help reduce thyroid damage and improve symptoms and overall quality of life in people with Hashimoto’s.
Plus, people with Hashimoto’s disease are more likely to be deficient in certain nutrients, which can worsen Hashimoto’s-related symptoms.
Studies show that the following supplements can be beneficial for those with Hashimoto’s disease:
- Selenium. Studies have shown that supplementing with 200 mcg of selenium per day may help decrease thyroid antibodies and improve mood in people with Hashimoto’s (16, 17).
- Myo-Inositol. Inositol is a type of sugar that plays an important role in thyroid function. Some evidence suggests that daily treatment with 600 mg of Myo-Inositol and 83 mcg of selenium may help improve thyroid function in people with Hashimoto’s (18, 19).
- Zinc. Zinc is needed for thyroid hormone production, and a deficiency can result in hypothyroidism. When used alone or in combination with selenium, 30 mg of zinc per day may help enhance thyroid function in people with Hashimoto’s disease (20, 21).
- Vitamin B12. Vitamin B12 deficiency is common in people with Hashimoto’s disease. Taking a B12 or B complex supplement can help prevent and treat deficiency, as well as maintain optimal B12 levels (22, 23).
- Magnesium. A magnesium deficiency may increase your risk of developing Hashimoto’s disease and is associated with elevated thyroid antibody levels. Correcting magnesium deficiency may improve Hashimoto’s symptoms (24, 25).
- Iron. Many women with Hashimoto’s disease have low iron levels or iron deficiency anemia. Anemia negatively affects thyroid function. An iron supplement may be necessary to restore iron to optimal levels (26).
- Vitamin D. People with Hashimoto’s disease are more likely to be deficient in vitamin D than the general population, and vitamin D deficiency can have an adverse effect on thyroid function (22, 27).
- Curcumin. Curcumin may help protect your thyroid against oxidative damage. Plus, taking curcumin alongside other anti-inflammatory compounds may help reduce the size of thyroid nodules, which are common in Hashimoto’s disease (28, 29).
- Vitamin C. Research suggests that taking a vitamin C supplement may help reduce thyroid antibodies in people with Hashimoto’s disease (30).
Other supplements may help people with Hashimoto’s as well. However, the supplements above have the most research to support their use in the management of Hashimoto’s disease.
Summary
Research suggests that certain supplements, including selenium, zinc, iron, and vitamins D and B12, may be beneficial for people with Hashimoto’s disease.
Graves’ disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism in the United States. Like Hashimoto’s disease, it’s considered an autoimmune condition.
In Graves’ disease, the immune system attacks your thyroid, causing it to overproduce thyroid hormones. Graves’ disease can also lead to thyromegaly or an enlarged thyroid (31).
Symptoms associated with Graves’ disease include weight loss, heart palpitations, shortness of breath, diarrhea, eye pain and irritation, fatigue, weakness, menstrual irregularities, insomnia, nervousness, and more (32).
Current treatment of Graves’ disease includes surgery, medication, and radioactive iodine therapy (RAI) (32).
Like Hashimoto’s disease, some research shows that dietary modifications may help improve symptoms and quality of life in people with Graves’ disease (33).
The following supplements may help people with Graves’ disease:
- Selenium. Selenium deficiency can raise your risk of Graves’ disease. A review found selenium supplements in daily dosages of 100–300 mcg led to improved thyroid function at 6 months in people with Graves’ disease, but this effect was lost at 9 months (34).
- Vitamin D. Research shows that people with Graves’ disease are more likely to be deficient in vitamin D than the general population. Correcting deficiency by taking a supplement may improve thyroid function (35, 36, 37).
- L-carnitine. Research has found that hyperthyroidism depletes your body’s stores of carnitine, which plays a critical role in energy production. Taking L-carnitine may help reduce symptoms and improve quality of life in people with hyperthyroidism (38, 39).
- Vitamin B12. People with Graves’ disease are at a greater risk of developing a vitamin B12 deficiency. Taking a high quality B12 or B complex supplement can help maintain healthy B12 levels (40, 41, 42).
Taking a high quality B12 or B complex supplement can help maintain healthy B12 levels (40, 41, 42).Other supplements may help people with Graves’ disease. Work with a knowledgeable healthcare practitioner to develop a supplement regimen that’s right for you.
Summary
According to research, vitamin D, selenium, L-carnitine, and vitamin B12 may help people with Graves’ disease.
Thyroid cancer is considered a rare type of cancer, accounting for just 1–4% of all cancers in the United States. Cancers that stem from follicular cells in the thyroid account for up to 95% of all thyroid cancers (43).
Treatment for thyroid cancer includes surgical resection, radiation therapy, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) suppression, radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy, total thyroidectomy, and palliative care management for untreatable thyroid cancer.
In addition to traditional treatment, diet, supplements, and lifestyle modifications may enhance treatment outcomes and improve quality of life in people with thyroid cancer.
Some animal and test-tube research suggests that omega-3 fats, curcumin, L-carnitine, quercetin, melatonin, resveratrol, selenium, inositol, zinc, and vitamins C, E, A, and D may benefit those with thyroid cancer (44, 45, 46).
Additionally, low iodine intake is linked to an increased risk of thyroid cancer, and research suggests that correcting iodine deficiency can help protect against the development of more aggressive forms of thyroid cancer (47).
However, although many of these nutrients, including vitamin D and selenium, are known to have anticancer effects, there’s currently a lack of human studies investigating the effects of these dietary supplements in people with thyroid cancer (47, 48).
Therefore, more studies are needed before these supplements can be routinely recommended for people with thyroid cancer (47, 49).
The best way to determine the best supplement regimen for your specific needs is to consult your healthcare provider.
Oftentimes, either your healthcare provider or a registered dietitian that specializes in oncology nutrition will recommend supplements depending on your diet, overall health, and what treatments you’re currently undergoing for thyroid cancer.
Summary
Although research suggests that some supplements may benefit people with thyroid cancer, human research is lacking. To ensure your safety, it’s best to check with your medical provider before taking any supplements.
As mentioned above, it’s best to avoid thyroid-specific supplement blends unless they’re specifically recommended by your healthcare provider.
Taking these supplements can harm your thyroid and lead to a thyroid condition (11, 12, 13, 14).
Still, there are many vitamins, minerals, and other dietary supplements that have been shown to improve thyroid function, reduce disease symptoms, and improve overall quality of life in people with thyroid disease.
For people who have Hashimoto’s disease, Graves’ disease, thyroid cancer, or other condition that affects the thyroid gland, it’s best to work with a qualified healthcare provider who specializes in thyroid conditions.
This is especially important if you’re currently taking medications.
Many supplements, especially herbal products, have the potential to interact with commonly prescribed medications and may lead to dangerous side effects.
Lastly, it’s important to always purchase supplements from trusted brands that independently test their products for quality and purity using organizations like USP and NSF International.
Summary
If you’re interested in taking supplements to treat a thyroid condition, it’s important to work with a qualified healthcare provider. They can help you choose supplements based on your specific needs and health status.
Research shows that some vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients may benefit people with certain thyroid conditions.
However, it’s important to develop a supplement regimen based on your specific needs and health issues.
If you’re interested in treating a thyroid condition with supplements, it’s important to work with a qualified healthcare provider to ensure safety and effectiveness.
Useful supplement shopping guides
Check out these two articles to help make supplement shopping a breeze:
- How to Choose High Quality Vitamins and Supplements
- How to Read Supplement Labels Like a Pro
Was this helpful?
5 Foods to Improve Your Thyroid Health
Find out 5 foods to help improve your thyroid health and protect you from many diseases. Add these foods to your diet and enjoy good health!
The thyroid gland is an important organ responsible for many processes in the body. Due to stress, malnutrition and environmental factors, it is possible to reduce its functionality, which leads to a deterioration in overall health.
To keep your thyroid healthy, you need to watch your diet. There are several products that allow you to maintain the work of this body is normal.
It is important to remember that in case of any illness it is necessary to consult a doctor and follow all his recommendations.
The first product that will help support the thyroid gland is iodized salt.
Iodine is an element that is necessary for the normal functioning of this organ. Its deficiency can lead to various diseases.
The second product recognized as beneficial for the thyroid gland is sea kale. It contains a high concentration of iodine and is an excellent tool for the prevention of diseases of this organ.
The thyroid gland cannot synthesize the hormones necessary for the proper functioning of the body without sufficient iodine. Therefore, it is necessary to eat foods rich in iodine.
Seafood is a source of iodine that is easily absorbed by the body. These foods include mussels, shrimp, oysters, seaweed, especially fucus.
Fish is another source of iodine. This is especially true for marine fish. Varieties such as tuna, cod and redfish contain more iodine than freshwater fish.
Dairy products – such as milk and yogurt – contain relatively small amounts of iodine, but may still help support thyroid health.
eggs are another source of iodine that can be included in your daily diet.
Iodine salt is a special salt enriched with iodine that can be used for cooking and as a spice.
It should be remembered that the use of excess iodine can be no less harmful than its deficiency. Eat iodine-containing foods in moderation and only within the recommended amount.
Omega-3 fatty acids found in marine fish such as salmon, sardines and mackerel may help support thyroid health. These acids reduce inflammation in the body that can cause autoimmune thyroid disease. Moreover, omega-3 fatty acids help regulate metabolism, which is especially important for the thyroid gland.
It is important that fish be consumed raw or cooked. If this is not possible, omega-3 fatty acid supplements can be taken. However, before taking any supplements, you should consult your doctor, as they can affect the functioning of the thyroid gland and blood.
Scientific studies have shown that people who consume enough omega-3 fatty acids in their diet have a lower risk of developing thyroid disease and its complications. However, do not forget that the fish must be clean and fresh, as fish and seafood can contain toxins and pollutants from the environment.
Q&A:
What foods can help improve thyroid health?
Foods that support thyroid health include iodized salt, seafood, nuts, fruits and vegetables.
What is the role of iodine in thyroid health?
Iodine is essential for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. If the body does not get enough iodine, then a goiter can develop, which is associated with an enlarged thyroid gland.
Can I replace iodized salt with regular salt?
No, replacing iodized salt with regular salt can lead to iodine deficiency in the body and the development of thyroid diseases. Iodized salt contains the necessary amount of iodine to maintain thyroid health.
What are the best seafood choices for thyroid health?
Seafood rich in iodine includes seaweed, seaweed, shrimp, oysters, mackerel and salmon. Their use can significantly improve thyroid health.
Can enlargement of the thyroid gland be the result of nutrition?
Yes, some diets that are not rich enough in iodine can lead to the development of goiter, which is associated with an enlarged thyroid gland.
What fruits and vegetables should be included in the diet to maintain thyroid health?
Fruits and vegetables rich in antioxidants and vitamin A can help support thyroid health. These can include oranges, tangerines, carrots, red peppers, and green vegetables such as spinach and broccoli.
Brazil Nuts for Thyroid Health
Brazil Nuts is a tasty and healthy food that can have a positive effect on thyroid health.
Nuts contain many important vitamins and minerals, such as iodine, zinc, selenium and vitamin E.
These components help maintain thyroid health and ensure its proper functioning.
Other health benefits of Brazil nuts include their ability to improve metabolism, increase energy levels and reduce inflammation in the body.
To get the most benefit from brazil nuts for thyroid health, it is recommended to consume them regularly and in moderation. For example, you can add nuts to salads, yogurts or bake bread based on them.
Coconut oil for thyroid health
What is coconut oil?
Coconut oil is a vegetable oil obtained from the flesh of the coconut. It is rich in saturated fats and anti-inflammatory compounds that may help support thyroid health.
Thyroid Benefits of Coconut Oil
Coconut oil contains lauric acid, which may help improve thyroid function. Also, this product is rich in antioxidants, which can prevent damage to the thyroid gland.
Coconut oil also helps relieve symptoms of hypothyroidism such as fatigue, decreased concentration and skin health problems.
How to Use Coconut Oil for Thyroid Health
Coconut oil can be added to your diet as a substitute for regular vegetable oil or margarine. It can also be consumed neat or used in cooking.
- Add coconut oil to your morning breakfast, for example instead of butter on toast.
- Prepare lunch or dinner using coconut oil for frying or baking.
- Consume pure coconut oil by adding it to your coffee or tea.
Coconut oil is a great choice for those looking to support their thyroid health. Try adding this product to your diet and enjoy all its benefits.
Avocado for Thyroid Health
Avocado is a fruit known for its health benefits. It is rich in vitamins, minerals, and healthy fats that may promote thyroid health.
Iodine is one of the key elements that helps the body regulate thyroid function. Avocados contain iodine, which can improve thyroid health.
- 1 avocado contains about 33% of the daily requirement of iodine;
- Avocados also contain copper, zinc and vitamin C, which help the body repair damaged thyroid tissue.
Improved Nutrient Absorption – Many nutrients cannot be absorbed by the body without fat. Avocados are an excellent source of healthy fats, such as monounsaturated fats, which help the body absorb nutrients.
Antioxidants – Avocado is rich in antioxidants such as vitamin C and E, which help fight free radicals and prevent damage to thyroid cells.
Nutrients in avocado: Nutrient Amount per 100 g
| Iodine | 7 mcg | ||||||||||
| Copper | 0.19 mg | ||||||||||
| Zinc | 0.64 mg | ||||||||||
| Vitamin C | 10 mg | ||||||||||
| Vitamin E | 2.07 mg .Read the composition of the products. Actively look at the labels on the packaging to make sure that the product does not contain harmful ingredients such as sugar, salt, flavor enhancers and other additives. 2. Prefer natural and fresh foods. Vegetables and fruits are high in vitamins and minerals that can help support thyroid health. Therefore, try to choose vegetables and fruits that grow in your area and are freshly harvested. 3. Moderately consume foods containing iodine. Iodine is an important mineral for thyroid health, but too much of it can lead to problems. Therefore, it is worth eating foods that contain iodine in moderation. 4. Avoid foods that can impair thyroid function. Certain foods may impair thyroid function, such as soy products, beef, and cabbage. Therefore, you should consume these foods in moderation or avoid them altogether. 5. Seek professional help. If you are facing thyroid health problems, it is very important to seek help from specialists such as endocrinologists. They will help you choose the right diet, taking into account the state of your thyroid gland. What foods should be excluded from the dietIn case of thyroid diseases, it is necessary to pay attention to the diet and get rid of some foods that can worsen the state of health. 1. Gluten: Foods containing gluten may worsen thyroid conditions. Gluten is found in foods containing wheat, barley and rye. 2. Red meat: Red meat contains a high proportion of saturated fats, which can lead to poor thyroid function. 3. Preservatives: Preservatives used in food products may cause adverse effects on the thyroid gland. These substances are practically not removed from the body and can accumulate in body tissues. 4. Soy products: Most soy products contain substances that can lower thyroid hormone levels. 5. Alcohol: Drinking alcohol reduces the level of thyroid hormones. Therefore, in diseases of the thyroid gland, it is necessary to avoid drinking large amounts of alcohol. Proper Diet for Thyroid HealthThe thyroid gland is one of the most important organs in the human body, responsible for hormone synthesis and internal balance. In order for it to work properly and stay healthy, it is important to monitor your diet.
A nutritious diet also includes foods rich in vitamins D and B12. They help the thyroid gland absorb iodine and synthesize hormones. Vitamin D can be found in cod liver oil, egg yolk, and sunlight, while vitamin B12 can be found in meat, dairy, and eggs. One of the most important aspects of thyroid health is the control of blood glucose levels. It can change the work of the gland and worsen its functions. Therefore, it is important to include low-glycemic foods such as vegetables, fruits, grains, and legumes in your diet.
In addition, foods that adversely affect thyroid health, such as alcohol, caffeine, and foods containing gluten, should be avoided. Moderation is the key to a healthy diet that promotes thyroid health. A balanced diet consisting of the above foods, combined with a healthy lifestyle and regular exercise, will help keep your thyroid healthy for years to come. What is the thyroid glandThe thyroid gland is an endocrine organ located in the front of the neck. It is responsible for the production of thyroid hormones, which play an important role in the regulation of metabolism, body temperature and tissue growth. Thyroid hormones affect almost all organs and systems in the body.
There are various ways to keep your thyroid healthy, including proper nutrition, moderate physical activity, and taking special foods and supplements. Causes of thyroid disordersThe thyroid gland plays an important role in the body by producing hormones that regulate metabolism, body temperature and organ function. However, many factors can lead to a violation of its functions.
Regular monitoring of your thyroid and eating nutritious foods that contain essential nutrients can help keep your thyroid healthy. Diet of a pregnant woman and thyroid healthNutrition as the main factor influencing thyroid health The thyroid gland is an organ that is actively involved in metabolism and is able to regulate the function of many systems in the body. The main principles of nutrition for thyroid health
Foods that are beneficial for thyroid health during pregnancy
Regular consumption of iron-rich foods such as meat, liver, beans, and fruits and vegetables will provide the body with essential vitamins and minerals that are essential for thyroid health and the general health of a pregnant woman. what to take, benefit or harm☆ st. Dybenko, 13k4 (m. Dybenko Street) Udarnikov ave., 19 (m. Ladozhskaya) Dunaisky ave., 47 (m. Dunayskaya) st. Malaya Balkanskaya, 23 (m. Kupchino) st. Marshala Zakharova, 20 (metro station Leninskiy pr-t) Vyborgskoe shosse, 17 (metro Prospect of Prosveshcheniya)
Article content:
Thyroid hormones regulate metabolism, functions of the nervous and cardiovascular systems. Insufficient secretory activity of the thyroid gland is called hypothyroidism. This pathological condition negatively affects human health. Its treatment requires an integrated approach. Doctors often prescribe minerals and vitamins for hypothyroidism: they help improve the general condition of the patient, normalize thyroid function. Source: Consequences of micronutrient deficiencyThyroid hormones are iodinated derivatives of tyrosine. For their synthesis, the thyroid gland needs a sufficient amount of iodine in the human body. Most of the population of Russia lives in regions where soil, water and food are low in this trace element. Because of this, the intake of iodine in the body is reduced and does not cover the physiological needs. Especially often iodine deficiency occurs in children and adolescents during periods of rapid growth, in pregnant women Source: Lack of iodine, which persists for a long time, is associated with a high risk of developing a number of diseases:
Iodine deficiency is one of the causes of spontaneous miscarriages, high perinatal mortality, delayed psychomotor development in young children. Vitamins for the thyroid glandThe most commonly prescribed vitamins for the thyroid gland in hypothyroidism:
Take vitamin complexes only on prescription, which takes into account all indications and contraindications. Minerals for the thyroid glandFor the proper functioning of the thyroid gland, it is important that the human body receives sufficient minerals. The main ones are:
In case of thyroid pathologies, both excess and deficiency of minerals are harmful. Therefore, they should be taken only on the recommendations of specialists. Diet for hypothyroidism Minerals and vitamins for the thyroid gland in hypothyroidism should be supplied to the human body not only with pharmaceutical preparations, but also with food. Therefore, fresh fruits and vegetables, greens must be included in the diet. Source:
Preference should be given to wild and brown rice, oatmeal, whole grain bread as a source of healthy carbohydrates. In the diet of people with hypothyroidism, meat, fish, low-fat cheeses, sour-milk products must be present in sufficient quantities. They provide the body with proteins that are needed for the synthesis and delivery of thyroxine and triiodothyronine to cells. Protein food has another advantage: it does not contribute to weight gain. The body spends much more energy on its breakdown than on the breakdown of a similar amount of fats and carbohydrates, so a person is full longer. Taking hormonal preparations and vitamin-mineral complexes prescribed by a doctor, proper nutrition will help to quickly improve the condition of people who suffer from low thyroid function. Article sources:
Author of the article Vostrikova Ekaterina Borisovna Specialty: Gastroenterologist Experience: 17 years Article published : 3/30/2023 See also Itching and burning in the intimate area (in the vagina) Itching in the intimate area in women is associated with inflammation of the skin and mucous membranes of the external genitalia. Low hemoglobin Hemoglobin is the part of the blood responsible for carrying oxygen to all tissues. A decrease in the amount of hemoglobin leads to a deterioration in the nutrition of the org… Flatulence Flatulence is a condition characterized by increased gas formation in the intestines. Among all functional digestive disorders for… Would you like us to call you back? Leave a request and we will answer all your questions in detail! Name Phone * Do you want us to call you back? Leave a request and we will answer all your questions in detail! Name Phone * record from website Enrollment is only possible through the contact center. To register, fill out the form below and you will be contacted. You are enrolling: Clinic: {{department}} Specialty: {{specialty}} Service: {{service}} Doctor: {{doctor}} Date and time: Date of birth: {{age | dateFormatted}} {{confirmWarning}} {{appointmentReply}} By clicking “Sign up”, I accept the terms of the user agreement, the provisions on the protection of personal data and give my consent to the processing of personal data. In order to pass the mandatory registration, you must come to the registration desk 10 minutes before your appointment with your passport. Relatives and third parties accompanying a minor must have a notarized consent of the parents or legal representatives. If you have booked an appointment with a coloproctologist, please read the information about preparing for an appointment The price of the consultation includes: If you change your mind, please unsubscribe from the appointment by phone +7 (812) 435-55-55 The price of the consultation includes: If you change your mind, please unsubscribe from the appointment using your Personal Account or by phone +7 (812) 435-55-55. Are you sure you want to stop recording? If you have any questions, call us at +7 (812) 435-55-55 Are you sure you want to change the current entry? If you have any questions, call us at +7 (812) 435-55-55 You are subject to some restrictions on online booking. Appointment possible via contact center. The specialist does not see patients of the specified age. To register please fill out the form below and you will be contacted. Make an appointment Would you like us to call you Name Telephone By clicking on the button, you consent to the processing of your personal data by You will be contacted to confirm your application. |
They can range from metabolic disorders and weight problems to sleep disturbances, mood changes, and problems with memory and concentration. With these symptoms, it is important to see a doctor and get a thyroid exam.
This can lead to thyroid damage and hyperthyroidism (an overactive thyroid gland).
Pregnancy is a period when a woman not only takes care of her health, but also the health of a little person. That is why a proper diet and a healthy diet become the main factors influencing the health of the thyroid gland during pregnancy.
This is due to the fact that it further enhances the formation of thyroid hormones, as a result of which the human condition worsens. Source: 
For the functions of the thyroid gland, both excess and lack of iodine are harmful. Source: 
It is known that an excess of the mineral is noted in patients with hypothyroidism, and a deficiency in hyperthyroidism.
№3. p.42-45
Burning is rarely the only symptom, usually …
All additional doctor’s manipulations at the appointment are paid according to the price list.