What are the common symptoms of a shoulder blade fracture. How do scapula fractures occur and when is surgery necessary. What non-surgical treatments are available for broken shoulder blades. How long does recovery from a shoulder blade fracture typically take.

Understanding Shoulder Blade Anatomy and Function

The shoulder blade, also known as the scapula, is a triangular-shaped bone that plays a crucial role in shoulder function and mobility. It serves as an attachment point for numerous muscles and forms part of the shoulder joint.

Key anatomical features of the shoulder blade include:

• Triangular shape
• Protected by a complex system of muscles
• Connected to the rotator cuff
• Helps center the arm bone within the shoulder socket

The rotator cuff, a group of tendons and muscles, attaches to the scapula and helps keep the upper arm bone (humerus) centered in the shoulder socket. This intricate arrangement allows for the wide range of motion we experience in our shoulders.

Causes and Risk Factors of Shoulder Blade Fractures

Shoulder blade fractures, while relatively uncommon, can occur due to various high-energy trauma incidents. Understanding the causes and risk factors can help in prevention and prompt treatment.

Common Causes of Scapula Fractures

• Car accidents
• Falls from significant heights
• Direct blows to the shoulder area
• High-impact sports injuries

These fractures often result from blunt trauma, which can also lead to associated injuries to the chest, lungs, and other internal organs. This is why immediate medical attention is crucial when a shoulder blade fracture is suspected.

Risk Factors and Demographics

While anyone can suffer a scapula fracture, certain groups are at higher risk:

• Men aged 25 to 45
• Athletes in high-impact sports
• Individuals with osteoporosis
• People involved in occupations with a high risk of falls or impacts

Interestingly, shoulder blade fractures account for only about 1% of all broken bones, making them relatively rare compared to other fractures.

Recognizing Symptoms of a Shoulder Blade Fracture

Identifying the symptoms of a shoulder blade fracture is crucial for seeking timely medical attention. While some symptoms may be obvious, others can be subtle and easily overlooked.

Common Symptoms

• Severe pain in the shoulder area, especially when moving the arm
• Visible swelling or bruising around the shoulder and upper back
• Difficulty moving the arm or shoulder
• A grinding sensation when attempting to move the shoulder
• Visible deformity of the shoulder area in severe cases

Is shoulder pain always indicative of a fracture? Not necessarily. While shoulder pain is a common symptom, it can also be caused by other conditions such as rotator cuff injuries or shoulder impingement. However, if the pain is severe and accompanied by other symptoms, especially after a traumatic event, it’s important to seek medical evaluation.

Red Flag Symptoms Requiring Immediate Attention

Some symptoms may indicate more severe injuries associated with a shoulder blade fracture:

• Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing
• Chest pain
• Abdominal pain
• Decreased sensation or numbness in the arm or hand
• Visible deformity of the chest wall

These symptoms could suggest additional injuries to the lungs, ribs, or internal organs, which require immediate emergency medical care.

Diagnostic Procedures for Shoulder Blade Fractures

Accurate diagnosis of a shoulder blade fracture is essential for determining the appropriate treatment plan. Healthcare providers use a combination of physical examination and imaging studies to confirm the diagnosis and assess the extent of the injury.

Physical Examination

During the physical examination, the doctor will:

• Inspect the shoulder area for visible deformities, bruising, or swelling
• Gently palpate the shoulder and surrounding areas to identify points of tenderness
• Assess range of motion and strength, if tolerable for the patient
• Check for associated injuries to the chest, ribs, and arm

Imaging Studies

Various imaging techniques may be employed to visualize the fracture and surrounding structures:

• X-rays: Usually the first imaging test performed, providing a two-dimensional view of the bones
• CT scans: Offers detailed, three-dimensional images of the fracture and can help identify complex fracture patterns
• MRI: May be used to assess soft tissue injuries associated with the fracture

How do doctors determine the severity of a shoulder blade fracture? The severity is assessed based on factors such as the location of the fracture, the number of fracture fragments, the degree of displacement, and the presence of associated injuries. This comprehensive evaluation guides the treatment approach.

Non-Surgical Treatment Options for Scapula Fractures

Many shoulder blade fractures can be successfully treated without surgery. Non-surgical approaches focus on pain management, immobilization, and gradual rehabilitation to restore function.

Immediate Care and Pain Management

• Immobilization: Using a sling or shoulder immobilizer to prevent movement and allow healing
• Ice therapy: Applying ice packs to reduce swelling and alleviate pain
• Pain medication: Over-the-counter or prescription pain relievers as recommended by the doctor

Rehabilitation and Physical Therapy

After the initial healing period, typically around one week, rehabilitation exercises may be introduced to prevent stiffness and improve mobility. The rehabilitation process usually involves:

1. Gentle range of motion exercises
2. Gradual strengthening exercises
3. Stretching to improve flexibility
4. Progressive return to normal activities

How long does recovery from a non-surgically treated shoulder blade fracture take? Full recovery can take anywhere from 6 months to a year, depending on the severity of the fracture and individual healing rates. Consistent adherence to the rehabilitation program is crucial for optimal recovery.

Surgical Interventions for Complex Shoulder Blade Fractures

While many scapula fractures can be treated non-surgically, some cases require surgical intervention. Understanding when surgery is necessary and what it entails can help patients make informed decisions about their treatment.

Indications for Surgery

Surgery may be recommended in the following situations:

• Severely displaced fractures
• Fractures involving the shoulder joint (glenoid)
• Multiple fracture fragments that need realignment
• Associated injuries that require surgical repair
• Fractures that fail to heal with non-surgical treatment

Surgical Procedures

The specific surgical approach depends on the nature and location of the fracture. Common procedures include:

• Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF): Repositioning fracture fragments and securing them with plates and screws
• Minimally invasive techniques: Using smaller incisions and specialized instruments for less complex fractures
• Arthroscopic procedures: For fractures involving the shoulder joint

What are the potential risks and benefits of surgical treatment? While surgery can provide better alignment and potentially faster return to function for complex fractures, it carries risks such as infection, nerve injury, and hardware complications. The decision to proceed with surgery should be made in consultation with an orthopedic specialist, weighing the potential benefits against the risks.

Recovery and Rehabilitation After Shoulder Blade Fracture Treatment

Regardless of whether treatment is surgical or non-surgical, proper recovery and rehabilitation are crucial for restoring shoulder function and preventing long-term complications. The recovery process is typically gradual and requires patience and dedication.

Phases of Rehabilitation

1. Immobilization phase: Protecting the fracture site and allowing initial healing
2. Early motion phase: Gentle exercises to prevent stiffness and improve circulation
3. Progressive strengthening: Gradually increasing resistance exercises to rebuild muscle strength
4. Functional training: Exercises that mimic daily activities and specific sports movements

Timeline and Milestones

The recovery timeline can vary significantly depending on the severity of the fracture and the treatment approach:

• Weeks 1-4: Focus on pain management and protecting the fracture site
• Weeks 4-8: Introduction of gentle range of motion exercises
• Weeks 8-12: Progressive strengthening exercises begin
• Months 3-6: Continued strengthening and return to light activities
• Months 6-12: Gradual return to full activities and sports

How can patients optimize their recovery from a shoulder blade fracture? Consistency in following the prescribed rehabilitation program, maintaining good nutrition, getting adequate rest, and communicating regularly with healthcare providers are key factors in achieving optimal recovery. It’s important to be patient and avoid rushing the process to prevent setbacks or reinjury.

Long-Term Outlook and Potential Complications

Understanding the long-term prognosis and potential complications associated with shoulder blade fractures can help patients set realistic expectations and take proactive measures to ensure the best possible outcome.

Prognosis for Shoulder Blade Fractures

The long-term outlook for most shoulder blade fractures is generally favorable, especially with proper treatment and rehabilitation. Factors influencing the prognosis include:

• Severity and location of the fracture
• Presence of associated injuries
• Timeliness and appropriateness of treatment
• Patient’s age and overall health
• Adherence to rehabilitation protocols

Many patients can expect to regain full or near-full function of their shoulder, although this may take several months to a year.

Potential Complications

While most shoulder blade fractures heal without significant issues, some potential complications can occur:

• Chronic pain or stiffness in the shoulder
• Decreased range of motion
• Weakness in the affected arm
• Malunion or nonunion of the fracture
• Post-traumatic arthritis in the shoulder joint
• Nerve or blood vessel damage (rare)

Can shoulder blade fractures lead to long-term disability? While rare, severe fractures or those with complications can potentially result in long-term limitations. However, with appropriate treatment and diligent rehabilitation, most patients can avoid significant long-term disability.

Preventive Measures and Future Care

To minimize the risk of future injuries and maintain shoulder health, patients are advised to:

• Engage in regular strength and flexibility exercises for the shoulder
• Practice proper body mechanics during activities
• Use appropriate safety equipment in sports and high-risk activities
• Maintain overall bone health through proper nutrition and exercise
• Attend follow-up appointments as recommended by healthcare providers

By understanding the long-term outlook and taking proactive measures, patients can maximize their recovery and maintain optimal shoulder function following a scapula fracture.

Shoulder Blade (SCAPULA) Fracture | Broken Treatment Las Vegas, Mesquite Nevada

Broken Shoulder Blade Treatment

Shoulder blade fractures are not very common injuries. They can result in inflammation and pain in the shoulder arc. Shoulder blade fractures can be caused by blunt and high energy trauma incidents. This can be in the form of car accidents or falls. This fracture type is generally treated in non-surgical ways. However, they may require surgery in some instances depending on its severity.

Shoulder blade fractures can often result in severe injuries to the chest, lungs, and internal organs. It is important, for this reason, to attain medical attention if you fracture your shoulder blade.

Thomas & Bigler Knee and Shoulder Institute, led by board certified orthopedic surgeons Dr. Steven C. Thomas and Dr. Gregory T. Bigler, provides orthopedic surgery to patients in Las Vegas, Nevada, while also serving areas such as greater Pahrump, Bullhead City, Lake Havasu, and Mesquite, NV.

Anatomy of Your Shoulder Blade

A complex system of muscles protects your shoulder blade, which is in a triangular shape. The rotator cuff, which is again a combination of tendons and muscles, helps in keeping your arm bone centered within the shoulder socket. The rotator cuff is responsible for covering the upper arm bone’s head and keeping it attached to the shoulder blade.

Why Do Shoulder Blade Fractures Take Place?

Shoulder blade fractures occur during blunt trauma injuries, such as falls or car accidents. The injury is often accompanied by trauma to the lungs, chest, and other internal organs as well. This is why it is important to get in touch with an orthopedic surgeon to prevent any injury from taking a downturn.

Fortunately, shoulder blade fractures are not very common. They constitute to 1% of all broken bones. Men aged 25 to 45 suffer from the most shoulder blade fractures.

Symptoms of Shoulder Blade Fracture

These are a few common symptoms of fracture of the shoulder blade:

• Inflammation at the back of the shoulder
• Severe pain while using the arm
• Bruises around the shoulder
• Scraps around the shoulder

You should seek immediate medical attention if you have the following symptoms:

• Shortness of breath
• Abdominal pain
• Decreased sensation

Fractures of the shoulder blade can be treated in both surgical and nonsurgical ways.

Non-Surgical Approach

You may not need a surgery depending on the severity of your fracture. It is important that you immobilize your arm and shoulder immediately after the injury. You should also apply ice to reduce inflammation and discomfort. Non-surgical treatments typically involve slings to keep the arm from moving accidentally.

Your physician may prescribe rehabilitation exercises after the first one week to prevent the risk of elbow and shoulder stiffness. You should continue with stretching exercises until you regain complete shoulder motion. This can take anywhere from 6 months to a year.

Surgical Approach

Surgery may be necessary if your shoulder blade fracture is extensive. Fragments of your shoulder blade bone will be repositioned in a proper alignment. They will be held in place using metal plates and special screws on the bone’s outer surface.

Orthopedic surgeons Dr. Thomas and Dr. Bigler receive patients from Las Vegas, Nevada as well as greater Pahrump, Bullhead City, Lake Havasu, and Mesquite, NV for orthopedic surgery.

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Shoulder Blade Fractures: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

Shoulder Blade Fractures: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

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Medically reviewed by William Morrison, M. D. — By Erica Cirino — Updated on August 4, 2017

Understanding Shoulder Blade Fracture

The shoulder blade is a triangular-shaped bone that connects your upper arm bone to your collarbone and chest wall. You have two shoulder blades, one located on either side of your upper back. It’s protected by many muscles, which give it strength and allow it to move smoothly.

Shoulder blade fractures are not common. According to the American Association of the Orthopaedic Surgeons, they make up less than 1 percent of all broken bones in the United States each year. Because it’s so hard to break a shoulder blade, fractures are usually caused by major traumas, such as car or motorcycle crashes, sports accidents, or extreme falls.

There are several parts of the shoulder blade that may be fractured:

Scapular Body Fracture

According to Wheeless’ Textbook of Orthopaedics, an online textbook maintained by the Duke University Medical Center Department of Orthopedic Surgery, most fractures occur in the scapular body area. It is the largest part of the shoulder blade.

Scapular Neck Fracture

Shoulder blade fractures occur second-most often in the scapular neck area, according to the Duke Orthopaedics textbook. This is the narrow part of the shoulder blade right below the shoulder socket where the bone connects to the upper-arm bone.

Glenoid

This is the socket where the upper arm bone connects to the shoulder blade. Fracture is very rare in the glenoid part of the shoulder blade.

Acromion

The acromion is the highest point of the shoulder blade that connects it to the collarbone. Fractures can occur here, but they’re rarely severe.

Coracoid

This is the small hooklike bone that connects the shoulder blade to the collarbone. This bone is very unlikely to be fractured.

Fractures to the different parts of the shoulder blade may cause slightly different symptoms. But generally, symptoms include:

• severe pain when you try to move your arm
• inability to lift your arm over your head
• swelling, bruising, and skin abrasion at the back of your shoulder blade

Other injuries, especially those caused by trauma, may present the same symptoms as a fractured shoulder blade. All fractures are serious, so it’s important to see a doctor right away if you experience any of the above symptoms.

Falling or being hit hard on the arm can cause shoulder blade fractures. Most commonly, a fracture occurs after:

Falling Onto an Outstretched Arm

When people are falling, they tend to reach out one or both arms to protect the rest of their bodies from injury. This pulls your arm muscles tight, making your shoulder blade more prone to a fracture.

Being Hit Hard in the Shoulder

A severe blow to the shoulder from a car or motorcycle accident, fall, or hard object (such as a baseball or a baseball bat) can fracture the shoulder blade.

If a shoulder blade fracture is suspected, your doctor will perform a complete physical exam. They will check the position and alignment of your shoulder, and will also look for other physical injuries that may have occurred along with the shoulder fracture.

If you have severe injuries, your doctor may not be able to perform a physical exam. Whether or not a physical exam is possible, your doctor will also order imaging tests of your shoulder and chest. They may order X-rays or a CT scan to determine exactly where and how badly your shoulder blade was broken.

Many people who experience shoulder blade fractures also have other serious injuries as a result of the trauma, such as skull, spine, and chest.

If left untreated, shoulder blade fractures will heal over time, but may heal in the wrong position. This is called malunion. Malunion can lead to residual pain and stiffness, mobility issues, and a bump on the back of the shoulder blade. Usually, surgery is required to fix a shoulder blade fracture that heals incorrectly.

There are several different treatments available for fractured shoulder blades.

Nonsurgical Treatment

Most fractured shoulder blades can be treated without surgery. A doctor will provide you with a sling that will hold your shoulder in place while your bones heal.

Your doctor will also give you a prescription for physical therapy to help increase your mobility and reduce stiffness and pain. You will be instructed to rest your shoulder until it’s ready for physical therapy. Physical therapy is often utilized and continues until you gain full mobility of your shoulder. Your doctor will tell you when it’s OK to remove your sling. This usually happens when your pain starts to go away.

Surgery

Certain kinds of shoulder blade fractures must be treated with surgery. These include:

• fractures where the glenoid is displaced
• severe fractures of scapula neck
• acromion fractures that cause the upper arm bone to rub against it

During surgery you will be put under anesthesia. A surgeon will put your bones back into alignment and may attach them together with metal plates, screws, or wires. As with nonsurgical treatment, your surgery will be followed up by rest, and then physical therapy until your full mobility returns.

There are few risks to nonsurgical treatment of a shoulder blade fracture. If your doctor recommends surgery, you face the small risks of:

• an adverse reaction to anesthesia
• severe bleeding
• infection
• surgical mistakes
• nerve injury

Those whose shoulder blade fractures are treated successfully can expect to return to an active, healthy life within six months to a year.

Last medically reviewed on March 9, 2016

How we reviewed this article:

Healthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical associations. We avoid using tertiary references. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our editorial policy.

• Fracture of the shoulder blade (scapula). (n.d.)
  northwell.edu/find-care/conditions-we-treat/fracture-shoulder-blade#65696
• Scapula (shoulder blade) fractures. (2014, March)
  orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00359&webid=24DDEB51
• Shoulder fractures. (2014)
  drmillett.com/fractures-of-the-shoulder-area/
• Scapular fractures. (2015, March 7). Wheeless’ Textbook of Orthopedics (online version presented by Duke Orthopaedics at Duke University Medical Center)
  wheelessonline.com/ortho/scapular_fractures

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Medically reviewed by William Morrison, M.D. — By Erica Cirino — Updated on August 4, 2017

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Fracture of the scapula – causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment

Fracture of the scapula is a violation of the integrity of the scapula as a result of traumatic impact. Occurs quite rarely and is usually combined with fractures of the ribs. It is manifested by pain in the scapular region, swelling and limitation of movements of the upper limb. In some cases, subcutaneous hemorrhage or brachial hemarthrosis is noted. Pathology is diagnosed on the basis of anamnesis, physical examination data and X-ray examination. The method of treatment depends on the site of the fracture of the scapula, may consist in the imposition of a fixing bandage or skeletal traction for 1 month.

General information

Fractures of the scapula are quite rare in traumatology, accounting for 0.3-1.5% of the total number of skeletal injuries. As a rule, occur simultaneously with fractures of the ribs. A fracture of the acromial process may be combined with a fracture or dislocation of the acromial end of the clavicle, a fracture of the articular process with dislocation of the shoulder. Traumatic injury is more often detected in men of working age, the peak incidence occurs at 40-60 years.

Causes

Fractures of the scapula occur due to domestic, street and industrial injuries, road accidents. Localization of damage is determined by the mechanism of injury:

• Direct impact : fall on the back, strong blow. It prevails in the structure of morbidity, observed in fractures of the angles, spine, body of the scapula.
• Indirect impact : fall with emphasis on the hand or on the area of ​​the elbow joint with the limb abducted. It causes fractures of the neck, coracoid, acromial processes of the scapula, articular cavity.

Pathogenesis

The scapula is a flat paired bone. It is located on the back of the chest on the side of the spine. It is part of the so-called upper shoulder girdle and is involved in the movements of the upper limb. It has a complex structure, including the body, spine, two processes, neck and articular cavity. Fractures of the scapula due to the peculiarities of its location are usually not accompanied by a pronounced displacement.

The most complex are multi-comminuted fractures of the body, as well as fractures of the acromial process, the neck of the scapula, in which displacement of bone fragments is more often observed. A fracture of the glenoid cavity belongs to the category of intra-articular, and can have a negative impact on the function of the shoulder joint due to a violation of the integrity of the articular surface, especially in the presence of free-lying fragments.

Classification

In modern traumatology and orthopedics systematization of fractures of the scapula is used, taking into account localization, which allows choosing the optimal treatment tactics and making a prognosis. There are the following types of injuries:

• multifragmented, transverse, longitudinal fractures of the body of the scapula;
• fractures of the acromial and coracoid processes of the scapula;
• fracture of the surgical and anatomic neck of the scapula;
• fracture of the articular cavity;
• fracture of the lower and upper inner corners;
• fracture of the spine of the scapula.

Symptoms of a scapular fracture

The clinical picture is determined by the location of the fracture. In case of damage to the corners, spine and body of the bone, pain occurs, swelling appears in the affected area due to hemorrhage into nearby soft tissues. Local edema usually corresponds to the shape of the scapula, interpreted as a symptom of a “triangular pillow”. Moderate restrictions on the movements of the upper limb are revealed, independent lifting of the arm is impossible.

Deformity in displaced fractures is not always visualized due to severe swelling, which also makes palpation difficult and can cause underdiagnosis. When feeling, the displacement of fragments, bone crepitus, and pathological mobility can be determined. Palpation of the damaged area is sharply painful.

In case of fractures of the articular cavity, the patient complains of pain in the projection of the shoulder joint. The joint is swollen, deformed, a sharp limitation of movements is detected. The contours of the surrounding bone structures are changed, the protrusion of the acromion is noted, the retraction of tissues under the acromial process. Palpation sometimes reveals a bone crunch.

Fractures of the coracoid process and acromion are manifested by local pain and swelling of the surrounding soft tissue structures. In the projection of the fracture, a bruise is formed, reaching a maximum by 2-3 days. Movements are limited, palpation is painful, sometimes crepitus is found.

Complications

Rarely, scapular fractures are complicated by trauma to the brachial plexus, axillary artery, or nerve. If the integrity of the vessel is violated, intense internal bleeding can be observed. When the nerve is ruptured and compressed, sensation and movement disorders are noted, which sometimes completely or partially persist after the fracture has healed. When the glenoid cavity of the scapula is damaged, hemarthrosis occurs.

In some patients, a “floating” (excessively mobile) scapula is detected in the long-term period, the development of which is due to atrophy of the surrounding muscles. Among the late complications of intra-articular fractures include arthrosis of the shoulder joint, limitation of movements of varying severity. After conservative treatment of intra-articular injuries, habitual dislocations of the shoulder are sometimes diagnosed.

Diagnosis

Examination is carried out in the emergency room of the trauma department, the diagnosis is made based on the results of a consultation with a traumatologist. The following methods apply:

• Visual inspection . In favor of a fracture of the scapula, depending on its location, the presence of a “triangular pillow”, a characteristic limitation of movements, and severe pain testify. Undoubted signs of a fracture are pathological mobility of fragments and bone crepitus.
• Radiography . It is the main method of instrumental diagnostics. For most fractures, radiographs of the scapula are performed in frontal and lateral projections. If the glenoid cavity is damaged, an x-ray of the shoulder joint is shown.
• Other imaging techniques . They are of secondary importance. To clarify the features of the fracture and the location of the fragments in multi-fractured fractures, CT of the scapula is prescribed. To assess the state of the surrounding structures, an MRI of soft tissues is performed.
• Shoulder puncture . It is carried out with injuries of the articular cavity. It is a therapeutic and diagnostic manipulation that allows you to confirm the presence of blood in the joint cavity, to carry out its evacuation.

In the presence of concomitant injuries (injuries to the chest, spine), the list of diagnostic methods is expanded. In case of rupture or compression of the neurovascular bundle, the examination plan includes consultations with a vascular surgeon, neurologist or neurosurgeon.

KT OGK. Fracture of the wing of the right scapula.

Treatment of a fractured scapula

First aid

At the prehospital stage, the hand on the side of the lesion is fixed with a bandage or a wire splint. If intra-articular damage or rupture of the vessel is suspected, cold is applied (an ice pack or heating pad wrapped in a towel) to the joint area. With intense pain, give analgesics. Attempts to reduce are strictly prohibited due to the possibility of developing a secondary displacement.

Conservative therapy

Upon admission, the traumatologist performs local anesthesia of the fracture area. The method of immobilization is determined by the location of the injury:

• In case of fractures without displacement, a Dezo bandage is applied to support the forearm and fix the shoulder to the chest. A roller is placed in the armpit. On the 10-11th day, the bandage is removed, the patient’s hand is hung on a scarf bandage.
• In case of fracture of the acromion with displacement of the fragments, an abduction splint is used for a period of 4-6 weeks.
• Treatment of fractures of the articular cavity and neck of the scapula with displacement is carried out using cutaneous or skeletal traction for a period of 1 month. Subsequently, a thoracobrachial bandage is applied for 3 weeks.

Complete fusion occurs within 1-2.5 months. In the early days, with severe pain, analgesics are administered intramuscularly. Patients are prescribed physical therapy, massage, physiotherapy. Apply the following physiotherapy:

• UHF – promotes vasodilation, activation of blood circulation and tissue metabolism;
• magnetotherapy – stimulates the formation of bone tissue;
• interference currents – accelerate the resorption of bruises, reduce pain, eliminate swelling;
• drug electrophoresis – the use of local anesthetics can reduce the severity of pain, the use of hydrocortisone reduces inflammation.

Surgical treatment

Surgical treatment of scapular fractures is rarely used.

• intra-articular injuries are considered as indications, if the fragments are displaced by 5 or more millimeters, the fracture line extends to a quarter or more of the articular surface;
• fractures of the neck, if the fragments are displaced by more than 10 mm, the angle of the articular cavity is changed by 40 or more degrees;
• shoulder subluxations;
• damage to the upper supporting complex (dislocations and fractures of the clavicle).

In case of isolated injuries, bone osteosynthesis of the scapula with small plates is usually performed. Damage to the supporting complex may require complex interventions with simultaneous plasty of the acromioclavicular joint, external or intramedullary fixation of the clavicle, immobilization of the scapula using screws or plates. After the operation, the upper limb is fixed in the abduction position. The patient is prescribed antibiotic therapy and painkillers, and rehabilitation measures are carried out.

Prognosis

The prognosis for scapula fracture is favorable in most cases. Fractures without displacement heal well, do not entail negative consequences. In case of injuries with displacement, especially intra-articular, movement restrictions, degenerative-dystrophic changes are possible. With concomitant nerve injuries, neuropathies can be observed.

Prevention

Preventive measures include the prevention of domestic injuries, following the rules of the road, following the rules of occupational safety. In case of injuries of the upper parts of the chest, the traumatologist’s alertness regarding possible concomitant injuries of the scapula is important.

Fractures of the scapula, causes, symptoms and treatment

A fracture of the scapula is an injury to the bony structure that is located in the upper back and connects the chest and shoulder. The scapula forms the articular cavity of the shoulder joint, which connects to the humerus, and the bony protrusions – the coracoid process and acromion – connect the scapula and collarbone. A fracture can damage any of these areas of the bone structure.

Fracture of the scapula is a rare injury, accounting for less than 1% of all fractures. As a rule, it occurs in men aged 25-45 years and is associated with sports and professional activities. A fracture should be suspected with severe pain in the scapula, swelling and bruising. With these signs of injury, you should immediately contact a traumatologist and undergo a diagnosis.

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Symptoms of scapula fractures

Visually, a scapula fracture makes itself felt by swelling and bruising in the upper back or shoulder – above the acromion and coracoid process. The patient is also worried about severe pain, which increases with hand movements and even breathing, since the chest is involved in the process and its movement leads to displacement of the damaged bone. The listed pain sensations can also occur with other injuries, but if they persist for longer than 3-5 days, the cause is most likely a fracture of the scapula.

Typically, patients with fractures cannot raise their arm from the side of the injury and must keep it pressed against their body to reduce pain. Often the injury is accompanied by flattening or deformity in the injured area.

Article checked

Kuchenkov A.V.

Orthopedist • Traumatologist • Surgeon • Phlebologist • Sports doctor • 25 years of experience

Publication date: March 24, 2021

Review date: February 22, 2023

Article content

Causes

Varieties

Diagnosis

Fractures of the scapula are determined on the basis of examination, palpation, hand mobility tests and the results of instrumental diagnostic methods. The traumatologist recommends that the patient undergo an x-ray of the chest and shoulder. In order to exclude an intra-articular fracture, the patient is additionally prescribed computed tomography of the shoulder, and to diagnose the condition of the chest and abdominal organs, CT of these areas is prescribed.