What are the uses of tetracycline? What are the side effects of tetracycline? How do you take tetracycline properly? Find out the answers to these questions and more.

Tetracycline Uses

Tetracycline is an antibiotic used to treat a wide variety of bacterial infections. It works by preventing the growth of bacteria. Some common uses of tetracycline include:

– Treating acne and other skin infections
– Treating certain types of stomach ulcers, when used in combination with anti-ulcer medications
– Treating various bacterial infections, such as respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, and more
Tetracycline is not effective against viral infections like the common cold or flu.

How to Take Tetracycline

Tetracycline should be taken orally as directed by your doctor, usually 2 to 4 times per day. It works best when taken on an empty stomach, 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals. If stomach upset occurs, you can ask your doctor if you can take it with food.

Be sure to take tetracycline with a full glass of water and do not lie down for at least 10 minutes after taking it. Avoid taking it right before bedtime.

Tetracycline should be taken 2-3 hours before or after any products containing magnesium, aluminum, calcium, dairy, iron, or zinc, as these can interfere with absorption.

Continue taking the full course of tetracycline as prescribed, even if symptoms improve. Stopping the medication too early can allow the infection to return.

Tetracycline Side Effects

What are some common side effects of tetracycline?

Some of the more common side effects of tetracycline include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite, mouth sores, sore throat, dizziness, and headache. Most of these tend to be mild and often subside as the body adjusts to the medication.

More serious side effects that require immediate medical attention include nail discoloration, muscle pain, difficulty swallowing, signs of kidney problems, tooth discoloration, numbness/tingling, unusual fatigue, new signs of infection, hearing changes, easy bruising/bleeding, severe abdominal pain, and yellowing of the eyes/skin.

Tetracycline and Contraindications

What other medications or conditions should be considered when taking tetracycline?

Tetracycline can interact with various supplements and medications that contain magnesium, aluminum, calcium, iron, or zinc. These should be taken at least 2-3 hours before or after the tetracycline dose.

Tetracycline may also rarely cause increased pressure around the brain, especially in women of childbearing age who are overweight or have had this condition before. Seek immediate medical attention if you experience severe, persistent headaches, nausea/vomiting, or vision changes.

Tetracycline can also lead to a serious intestinal condition caused by the bacteria C. difficile. Inform your doctor right away if you develop severe, persistent diarrhea.

Tetracycline Dosage and Administration

How much tetracycline should I take and how often?

The dosage of tetracycline is based on your medical condition and response to treatment. For adults and children over 8 years old, the typical dosage is 250-500 mg taken 2-4 times per day.

It’s important to take tetracycline at evenly spaced intervals throughout the day, such as every 6-12 hours. This helps maintain consistent levels of the medication in your body.

Always complete the full course of tetracycline as prescribed, even if your symptoms improve. Stopping the medication too soon can allow the infection to return.

Tetracycline Precautions and Warnings

What should I be aware of when taking tetracycline?

Tetracycline should not be taken by pregnant or breastfeeding women, as it can cause harm to the developing baby. It may also discolor developing teeth in children under 8 years old.

Tetracycline can make your skin more sensitive to sunlight, so be sure to wear protective clothing and use sunscreen when going outdoors.

Avoid taking antacids, calcium supplements, or other products containing magnesium, aluminum, or calcium within 2-3 hours of your tetracycline dose, as they can interfere with absorption.

Tell your doctor about any other medical conditions you have or medications you are taking, as tetracycline may interact with them.

Tetracycline Mechanism of Action

How does tetracycline work to kill bacteria?

Tetracycline is a bacteriostatic antibiotic, meaning it prevents bacteria from growing and multiplying. It does this by binding to the bacterial ribosome, which is responsible for protein synthesis. By inhibiting protein production, tetracycline stops the bacteria from being able to grow and reproduce.

Tetracycline is effective against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, including many common types that cause respiratory, urinary, and skin infections.

Tetracycline Oral: Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures, Warnings & Dosing

Uses

Tetracycline is used to treat a wide variety of infections, including acne. It is an antibiotic that works by stopping the growth of bacteria.This antibiotic treats only bacterial infections. It will not work for viral infections (such as common cold, flu). Using any antibiotic when it is not needed can cause it to not work for future infections.Tetracycline can also be used in combination with anti-ulcer medications to treat certain types of stomach ulcers.

How to use Tetracycline HCL

Take this medication by mouth as directed by your doctor, usually 2 or 4 times daily. Tetracycline works best when taken on an empty stomach 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals. If stomach upset occurs, ask your doctor if you can take this medication with food. Take each dose with a full glass of water (8 ounces or 240 milliliters) unless your doctor directs you otherwise. Do not lie down for at least 10 minutes after taking this medication. For this reason, do not take it right before bedtime.

Take this medication 2 to 3 hours before or after taking any products containing magnesium, aluminum, or calcium. Some examples include antacids, quinapril, certain forms of didanosine (chewable/dispersible buffered tablets or pediatric oral solution), vitamins/minerals, and sucralfate. Follow the same instructions with dairy products (such as milk, yogurt), calcium-enriched juice, bismuth subsalicylate, iron, and zinc. These products bind with tetracycline, preventing its full absorption.

The dosage is based on your medical condition and response to treatment. For use in children older than 8 years of age, the dosage is also based on weight.

For the best effect, take this antibiotic at evenly spaced times. To help you remember, take this medication at the same time(s) every day.

Continue to take this medication until the full-prescribed amount is finished even if symptoms disappear after a few days. Stopping the medication too early may allow bacteria to continue to grow, which may result in a relapse of the infection.

Tell your doctor if your condition lasts or gets worse.

Side Effects

Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite, mouth sores, black hairy tongue, sore throat, dizziness, headache, or rectal discomfort may occur. If any of these effects last or get worse, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly.

Remember that this medication has been prescribed because your doctor has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects. Many people using this medication do not have serious side effects.

Tell your doctor right away if you have any serious side effects, including: nail discoloration, muscle pain, difficult or painful swallowing, signs of kidney problems (such as change in the amount of urine), brown/gray tooth discoloration, numbness/tingling of the hands/feet, unusual fatigue, new signs of infection (such as sore throat that doesn’t go away, fever, chills), hearing changes (such as ringing in the ears, decreased hearing), easy bruising/bleeding, severe stomach/abdominal pain, yellowing eyes/skin, dark urine.

Tetracycline may rarely cause increased pressure around the brain (intracranial hypertension-IH). The risk of this side effect is greater for women of childbearing age who are overweight or who have had IH in the past. If IH develops, it usually goes away after tetracycline is stopped; however, there is a chance of permanent vision loss or blindness. Get medical help right away if you have: nausea/vomiting that doesn’t stop, headache that is severe or doesn’t go away, vision changes (such as blurred/double vision, decreased vision, sudden blindness).

This medication may rarely cause a severe intestinal condition due to a bacteria called C. difficile. This condition may occur during treatment or weeks to months after treatment has stopped. Tell your doctor right away if you develop: diarrhea that doesn’t stop, abdominal or stomach pain/cramping, blood/mucus in your stool.

If you have these symptoms, do not use anti-diarrhea or opioid products because they may make symptoms worse.

Use of this medication for prolonged or repeated periods may result in oral thrush or a new yeast infection (oral or vaginal fungal infection). Contact your doctor if you notice white patches in your mouth, a change in vaginal discharge or other new symptoms.

A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare. However, get medical help right away if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction, including: rash, skin lesions/sores, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing, new or worsening swelling/pain in the joints, chest pain, fast/irregular heartbeat.

This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.

In the US – Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or at www.fda.gov/medwatch.

In Canada – Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345.

Precautions

See also Side Effects section.

Before taking tetracycline, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic to it; or to other tetracyclines (such as doxycycline, minocycline), or if you have any other allergies. This product may contain inactive ingredients, which can cause allergic reactions or other problems. Talk to your pharmacist for more details.

Before using this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist your medical history, especially of: kidney disease, liver disease, problems swallowing, esophagus problems (such as hiatal hernia, reflux disease-GERD).

This drug may make you dizzy. Alcohol or marijuana (cannabis) can make you more dizzy. Do not drive, use machinery, or do anything that needs alertness until you can do it safely. Limit alcoholic beverages. Talk to your doctor if you are using marijuana (cannabis).

Tetracycline may cause live bacterial vaccines (such as typhoid vaccine) to not work well. Tell your health care professional that you are using tetracycline before having any immunizations/vaccinations.

This medication may make you more sensitive to the sun. Limit your time in the sun. Avoid tanning booths and sunlamps. Use sunscreen and wear protective clothing when outdoors. Tell your doctor right away if you get sunburned or have skin blisters/redness.

Before having surgery, tell your doctor or dentist about all the products you use (including prescription drugs, nonprescription drugs, and herbal products).

Older adults may be more sensitive to the side effects of this drug.

This medication should not be used by children younger than 8 years of age because it may cause permanent tooth discoloration and other problems. Tooth discoloration has also occurred in older children and young adults. Consult your doctor for more information.

Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. You should not become pregnant while using tetracycline. Tetracycline may harm an unborn baby. If you become pregnant, talk to your doctor right away about the risks and benefits of this medication.

This medication passes into breast milk. Consult your doctor before breast-feeding.

Interactions

See also How to Use.

Drug interactions may change how your medications work or increase your risk for serious side effects. This document does not contain all possible drug interactions. Keep a list of all the products you use (including prescription/nonprescription drugs and herbal products) and share it with your doctor and pharmacist. Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicines without your doctor’s approval.

Some products that may interact with this drug include: atovaquone, retinoid medications taken by mouth (such as acitretin, isotretinoin), strontium, digoxin, kaolin pectin, warfarin.

This medication may interfere with certain lab tests, possibly causing false test results. Make sure lab personnel and all your doctors know you use this drug.

Does Tetracycline HCL interact with other drugs you are taking?

Enter your medication into the WebMD interaction checker

Overdose

If someone has overdosed and has serious symptoms such as passing out or trouble breathing, call 911. Otherwise, call a poison control center right away. US residents can call their local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222. Canada residents can call a provincial poison control center.

Do not share this medication with others.

This medication has been prescribed for your current condition only. Do not use it later for another infection unless your doctor tells you to.

Lab and/or medical tests may be done while you are taking this medication. Keep all medical and lab appointments. Consult your doctor for more details.

If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is near the time of the next dose, skip the missed dose. Take your next dose at the regular time. Do not double the dose to catch up.

Store at room temperature away from light and moisture. Do not store in the bathroom. Keep all medications away from children and pets.

Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. Properly discard this product when it is expired or no longer needed. Taking outdated tetracycline can result in serious illness. Consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal company.

Images

tetracycline 250 mg capsule

Color: yellow,light blueShape: oblongImprint: AMNEAL 1522

This medicine is a yellow light blue, oblong, capsule imprinted with “AMNEAL” and “1522”.

tetracycline 500 mg capsule

Color: yellow,light blueShape: oblongImprint: AMNEAL 1523

This medicine is a yellow light blue, oblong, capsule imprinted with “AMNEAL” and “1522”.

tetracycline 500 mg capsule

Color: yellow,orangeShape: oblongImprint: 5266 5266

This medicine is a yellow light blue, oblong, capsule imprinted with “AMNEAL” and “1522”.

tetracycline 500 mg capsule

Color: yellow,light blueShape: oblongImprint: HP 18 HP 18

This medicine is a yellow light blue, oblong, capsule imprinted with “AMNEAL” and “1522”.

tetracycline 250 mg capsule

Color: yellow,light blueShape: oblongImprint: HP 17 HP 17

This medicine is a yellow light blue, oblong, capsule imprinted with “AMNEAL” and “1522”.

tetracycline 250 mg capsule

Color: yellowShape: oblongImprint: 5225 5225

This medicine is a yellow light blue, oblong, capsule imprinted with “AMNEAL” and “1522”.

tetracycline 500 mg capsule

Color: blueShape: oblongImprint: B 907 B 907

This medicine is a yellow light blue, oblong, capsule imprinted with “AMNEAL” and “1522”.

tetracycline 250 mg capsule

Color: yellow,blueShape: oblongImprint: B 906 B 906

This medicine is a yellow light blue, oblong, capsule imprinted with “AMNEAL” and “1522”.

tetracycline 500 mg capsule

Color: yellow,blackShape: oblongImprint: WPI 2235

This medicine is a yellow light blue, oblong, capsule imprinted with “AMNEAL” and “1522”.

tetracycline 250 mg capsule

Color: yellow,orangeShape: oblongImprint: WPI 2234

This medicine is a yellow light blue, oblong, capsule imprinted with “AMNEAL” and “1522”.

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CONDITIONS OF USE: The information in this database is intended to supplement, not substitute for, the expertise and judgment of healthcare professionals. The information is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, drug interactions or adverse effects, nor should it be construed to indicate that use of a particular drug is safe, appropriate or effective for you or anyone else. A healthcare professional should be consulted before taking any drug, changing any diet or commencing or discontinuing any course of treatment.

Tetracycline: MedlinePlus Drug Information

pronounced as (tet ra sye’ kleen)

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Tetracycline is used to treat infections caused by bacteria including pneumonia and other respiratory tract infections; ; certain infections of skin, eye, lymphatic, intestinal, genital and urinary systems; and certain other infections that are spread by ticks, lice, mites, and infected animals. It is also used along with other medications to treat acne. Tetracycline is also used to treat plague and tuleramia (serious infections that may be spread on purpose as part of a bioterror attack). It can also be used in patients who cannot be treated with penicillin to treat certain types of food poisoning, and anthrax (a serious infection that may be spread on purpose as part of a bioterror attack). Tetracycline is in a class of medications called tetracycline antibiotics. It works by preventing the growth and spread of bacteria.

Antibiotics such as tetracycline will not work for colds, flu, or other viral infections. Using antibiotics when they are not needed increases your risk of getting an infection later that resists antibiotic treatment.

Tetracycline comes as a capsule to take by mouth. It is usually taken two or four times daily. Tetracycline should be taken on an empty stomach, at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals or snacks. Drink a full glass of water with each dose of tetracycline. Do not take tetracycline with food, especially dairy products such as milk, yogurt, cheese, and ice cream. Follow the directions on your prescription label carefully, and ask your doctor or pharmacist to explain any part you do not understand. Take tetracycline exactly as directed. Do not take more or less of it or take it more often than prescribed by your doctor.

Tetracycline is also sometimes used to treat Lyme disease and malaria, and to prevent plague and tularemia in people who have been exposed to plague or tularemia germs. Talk to your doctor about the risks of using this medication for your condition.

This medication is sometimes prescribed for other uses; ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information.

Before taking tetracycline,

• tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to tetracycline, minocycline, doxycycline, demeclocycline, any other medications, or any of the ingredients in the tetracycline capsule. Ask your pharmacist for a list of the ingredients.
• tell your doctor and pharmacist what prescription and nonprescription medicines, vitamins, nutritional supplements, and herbal products you are taking or plan to take. Be sure to mention any of the following: anticoagulants (‘blood thinners’) such as warfarin (Coumadin, Jantoven), and penicillin.
• be aware that antacids containing magnesium, aluminum, calcium, or sodium bicarbonate, calcium supplements, zinc products, iron products, and laxatives containing magnesium interfere with tetracycline, making it less effective. Take tetracycline 2 hours before or 6 hours after antacids, calcium supplements, zinc products, and laxatives containing magnesium. Take tetracycline 2 hours before or 4 hours after iron preparations and vitamin products that contain iron. Take tetracycline 2 hours before or after zinc containing products.
• tell your doctor if you have or have ever had lupus (condition in which the immune system attacks many tissues and organs including the skin, joints, blood, and kidneys), or kidney disease.
• tell your doctor if you are pregnant, plan to become pregnant, or are breastfeeding. If you become pregnant while taking tetracycline, call your doctor immediately. Tetracycline can harm the fetus.
• plan to avoid unnecessary or prolonged exposure to sunlight and to wear protective clothing, sunglasses, and sunscreen. Tetracycline may make your skin sensitive to sunlight. Tell your doctor right away if you get a sunburn.
• you should know that when tetracycline is used during pregnancy or in babies or children up to age 8, it can cause the teeth to become permanently stained. Tetracycline should not be used in children under age 8 unless your doctor decides it is needed.

Unless your doctor tells you otherwise, continue your normal diet.

Take the missed dose as soon as you remember it. However, if it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and continue your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.

Tetracycline may cause side effects. Tell your doctor if any of these symptoms are severe or do not go away:

• nausea
• vomiting
• diarrhea
• itching of the rectum or vagina
• swollen tongue
• black or hairy tongue
• sore or irritated throat

Some side effects can be serious. If you experience any of these symptoms, call your doctor immediately:

• headache
• blurred vision, seeing double, or loss of vision
• skin rash
• hives
• swelling of the face, throat, tongue, lips, and eyes
• difficulty breathing or swallowing
• joint stiffness or swelling
• unusual bleeding or bruising
• chest pain
• a return of fever, sore throat, chills, or other signs of infection
• watery or bloody stools , stomach cramps, or fever during treatment or for up to two or more months after stopping treatment

Tetracycline may cause other side effects. Call your doctor if you have any unusual problems while taking this medication.

If you experience a serious side effect, you or your doctor may send a report to the Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA) MedWatch Adverse Event Reporting program online (http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch) or by phone (1-800-332-1088).

Keep this medication in the container it came in, tightly closed, and out of reach of children. Store it at room temperature and away from light and excess heat and moisture (not in the bathroom).

Unneeded medications should be disposed of in special ways to ensure that pets, children, and other people cannot consume them. However, you should not flush this medication down the toilet. Instead, the best way to dispose of your medication is through a medicine take-back program. Talk to your pharmacist or contact your local garbage/recycling department to learn about take-back programs in your community. See the FDA’s Safe Disposal of Medicines website (http://goo. gl/c4Rm4p) for more information if you do not have access to a take-back program.

It is important to keep all medication out of sight and reach of children as many containers (such as weekly pill minders and those for eye drops, creams, patches, and inhalers) are not child-resistant and young children can open them easily. To protect young children from poisoning, always lock safety caps and immediately place the medication in a safe location – one that is up and away and out of their sight and reach. http://www.upandaway.org

In case of overdose, call the poison control helpline at 1-800-222-1222. Information is also available online at https://www.poisonhelp.org/help. If the victim has collapsed, had a seizure, has trouble breathing, or can’t be awakened, immediately call emergency services at 911.

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Tetracycline – description of the substance, pharmacology, use, contraindications, formula

Contents

• Structural formula

• Russian name

• English title

• Latin name

• chemical name

• Gross formula

• Pharmacological group of the substance Tetracycline

• Nosological classification

• CAS code

• pharmachologic effect

• Characteristic

• Pharmacology

• The use of tetracycline

• Contraindications

• Application restrictions

• Use during pregnancy and lactation

• Side effects of tetracycline

• Interaction

• Dosage and administration

• Precautionary measures

• Trade names with the active substance Tetracycline

Structural formula

Russian name

Tetracycline

English name

Tetracycline

Latin name

0062 Tetracyclini)

Chemical name

11-dioxo-2-naphthacenecarboxamide (as hydrochloride or trihydrate)

Gross formula

C ₂₂ H ₂₄ N ₂ O ₈

Pharmacological group of substance Tetracycline

900 52
Tetracyclines

Ophthalmic products

Nosological classification

List of ICD-10 codes

CAS code

60-54-8

Pharmacological action

Pharmacological action –

broad spectrum antibacterial , bacteriostatic .

Description

Odorless yellow crystalline powder, bitter taste. Very slightly soluble in water, difficult in alcohol, easily soluble in solutions of strong acids and alkalis. Hygroscopic. It gets dark in the light.

Pharmacology

Disrupts the formation of a complex between the transfer RNA and the ribosome, which leads to a violation of protein synthesis. Active against gram-negative bacteria: Bartonella bacilliformis , Brucella spp. , Calymmatobacterium granulomatis , Campylobacter fetus , Francisella tularensis , Haemophilus ducreyi , Haemophilus influenzae , 900 61 Listeria monocytogenes , Neisseria gonorrhoeae , Vibrio cholerae , Yersinia pestis , Gram-positive bacteria: Streptococcus spp. , incl. Streptococcus viridans0061 Streptococcus pneumoniae ( however, group A beta-hemolytic streptococci, including 44% of strains Streptococcus pyogenes and 74% of strains Streptococcus faecalis are resistant to tetracycline), is also effective against other microorganisms: Actinomyces spp. , Bacillus anthracis , Balantidium coli, Borrelia recurrentis , Chlamydophila (Chlamydia) psittaci , Chlamydophila (Chlamydia) trachomatis , Clostridium spp. , Entamoeba spp. , Fusobacterium fusiforme , Mycoplasma pneumoniae , Rickettsiae , Propionibacterium acnes , Treponema pallidum , Treponema pertenue , Ureaplasma urealyticum .

Tetracycline-resistant microorganisms: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus spp., Serratia spp., most strains Bacteroides spp. and fungi, viruses.

After oral administration, 75-77% of the dose taken is absorbed, food intake (especially milk) reduces absorption. Plasma protein binding – 65%. max “> T _max when taken orally – 2-3 hours (it may take 2-3 days to achieve a therapeutic concentration). It penetrates well into various organs and tissues, as well as biological fluids: bile, synovial, ascitic, cerebrospinal (in the latter, the concentration is 10-25% of that in plasma), selectively accumulates in bones, liver, spleen, tumors, teeth. About passes through the placenta and passes into breast milk.Volume of distribution – 1.3-1.6 l / kg. Slightly metabolized in the liver. T _1/2 – 6-11 hours, with anuria – 57-108 hours. In the urine, it is found in high concentration 2 hours after administration and remains at an effective level for 6-12 hours; in the first 12 hours, up to 10-20% of the dose is excreted by the kidneys. Smaller amounts (5-10% of the total dose) are excreted in the bile into the intestines, where partial reabsorption occurs, which contributes to the long-term circulation of the active substance in the body (enterohepatic circulation). With hemodialysis, it is removed slowly.

Application of substance Tetracycline

For oral use: infectious diseases caused by susceptible pathogens: pneumonia and respiratory tract infections caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae; respiratory tract infections caused by Haemophilus influenzae and Klebsiella spp.; bacterial urinary tract infections, skin and soft tissue infections, necrotizing ulcerative gingivostomatitis, actinomycosis, intestinal amoebiasis, anthrax, brucellosis, bartonellosis, chancroid, cholera, chlamydia, uncomplicated gonorrhea, granuloma inguinal, lymphogranuloma venereum, listeriosis, plague, psitta goats, vesicular rickettsiosis, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, typhus, relapsing fever, syphilis, tularemia, yaws.

Topical ointment: acne vulgaris, bacterial infections of the skin.

Ophthalmic ointment: bacterial eye infections – blepharitis, blepharoconjunctivitis, keratitis, keratoconjunctivitis, meibomitis, trachoma, rosacea ocular lesions.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity, renal insufficiency, leukopenia, pregnancy, breast-feeding, children under 8 years of age (in children under 8 years of age, tetracycline can cause long-term discoloration of the teeth, enamel hypoplasia, slowing of the longitudinal growth of the bones of the skeleton).

Restrictions for use

Impaired liver function.

Use during pregnancy and lactation

Contraindicated in pregnancy (tetracyclines pass through the placenta, accumulate in the bones and tooth germs of the fetus, disrupting their mineralization, and can cause severe impairment of bone tissue development).

FDA fetal category – D.

Stop breastfeeding during treatment (tetracyclines pass into breast milk and may adversely affect the development of bones and teeth of the child, as well as cause photosensitivity reactions, candidiasis of the oral cavity and vagina in infants).

Side effects of the substance Tetracycline

From the side of the nervous system and sensory organs: increased intracranial pressure, dizziness or unsteadiness.

From the side of the cardiovascular system and blood (hematopoiesis, hemostasis): hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia.

From the digestive tract: loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, glossitis, esophagitis, gastritis, ulceration of the stomach and duodenum, hypertrophy of the papillae of the tongue, dysphagia, hepatotoxic effect, increased activity of liver transaminases, hyperbilirubinemia, pancreatitis, dysbacteriosis, antibiotic-associated diarrhea.

From the genitourinary system: nephrotoxic effect, azotemia, hypercreatininemia.

Allergic reactions: maculopapular rash, skin hyperemia, angioedema, anaphylactoid reactions, drug-induced systemic lupus erythematosus.

Other: photosensitivity, impaired formation of bone and tooth tissue, discoloration of tooth enamel in children, superinfection, candidiasis, hypovitaminosis B.

Interaction

Antacids, calcium, magnesium, iron salts, cholestyramine – reduce absorption from the gastrointestinal tract. Reduces the effectiveness of oral contraceptives and increases the risk of uterine bleeding, reduces the activity of bactericidal drugs. Increases the nephrotoxicity of methoxyflurane. When used together with vitamin A, the risk of developing intracranial hypertension increases.

Method of administration and doses

Inside, externally, intraconjunctivally. By mouth, adults: 250-500 mg 4 times a day. For children over 8 years old – 6.25-12.5 mg / kg every 6 hours or 12.5-25 mg / kg every 12 hours. The course of treatment averages 5-7 days.

Externally, the ointment is applied to the affected areas of the skin 1-2 times a day, if necessary, apply a weak bandage.

Intraconjunctival, the ointment is applied behind the eyelid 2-3 times a day; duration of use depends on the form of the disease.

Precautions

Avoid direct sunlight due to risk of photosensitivity.

Topical ointment is not recommended for deep or puncture wounds, severe burns.

Eye ointment may cause blurred vision. If the condition does not improve within a few days, you should consult your doctor.

Trade names with active substance Tetracycline

Reset filters

Lek. form
All lek. forms ointment ophthalmic ointment for external use powder substance tablets, film-coated tablets

Dosage
All dosages 1% 100 mg 250 mg 3% No dosage

Manufacturer
All manufacturers of the Belmed Permanent RUP Biosynthesis OJSC Biosynthesis PAO Biochemist JSC Biochemist OJSC PAO Murom Instrument -Building Plant JSC (MPZ JSC) Ningxia Fector Norsa China Pharmaceutical Hudstar Ozon Ozon LLC North Pharmaceutical Corporation Synthesis Synthesis Synthesis OJS Thimfarmpryspania AO Tyumen Chemical and Pharmaceutical Plant

Tetracycline – description of the substance, pharmacology, use, contraindications, formula

Contents

• Structural formula

• Russian name

• English title

• Latin name

• chemical name

• Gross formula

• Pharmacological group of the substance Tetracycline

• Nosological classification

• CAS code

• pharmachologic effect

• Characteristic

• Pharmacology

• The use of tetracycline

• Contraindications

• Application restrictions

• Use during pregnancy and lactation

• Side effects of tetracycline

• Interaction

• Dosage and administration

• Precautionary measures

• Trade names with the active substance Tetracycline

Structural formula

Russian name

Tetracycline

English name

Tetracycline

Latin name

0062 Tetracyclini)

Chemical name

11-dioxo-2-naphthacenecarboxamide (as hydrochloride or trihydrate)

Gross formula

C ₂₂ H ₂₄ N ₂ O ₈

Pharmacological group of substance Tetracycline

900 52
Tetracyclines

Ophthalmic products

Nosological classification

List of ICD-10 codes

CAS code

60-54-8

Pharmacological action

Pharmacological action –

broad spectrum antibacterial , bacteriostatic .

Description

Odorless yellow crystalline powder, bitter taste. Very slightly soluble in water, difficult in alcohol, easily soluble in solutions of strong acids and alkalis. Hygroscopic. It gets dark in the light.

Pharmacology

Disrupts the formation of a complex between the transfer RNA and the ribosome, which leads to a violation of protein synthesis. Active against gram-negative bacteria: Bartonella bacilliformis , Brucella spp. , Calymmatobacterium granulomatis , Campylobacter fetus , Francisella tularensis , Haemophilus ducreyi , Haemophilus influenzae , 900 61 Listeria monocytogenes , Neisseria gonorrhoeae , Vibrio cholerae , Yersinia pestis , Gram-positive bacteria: Streptococcus spp. , incl. Streptococcus viridans0061 Streptococcus pneumoniae ( however, group A beta-hemolytic streptococci, including 44% of strains Streptococcus pyogenes and 74% of strains Streptococcus faecalis are resistant to tetracycline), is also effective against other microorganisms: Actinomyces spp. , Bacillus anthracis , Balantidium coli, Borrelia recurrentis , Chlamydophila (Chlamydia) psittaci , Chlamydophila (Chlamydia) trachomatis , Clostridium spp. , Entamoeba spp. , Fusobacterium fusiforme , Mycoplasma pneumoniae , Rickettsiae , Propionibacterium acnes , Treponema pallidum , Treponema pertenue , Ureaplasma urealyticum .

Tetracycline-resistant microorganisms: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus spp., Serratia spp., most strains Bacteroides spp. and fungi, viruses.

After oral administration, 75-77% of the dose taken is absorbed, food intake (especially milk) reduces absorption. Plasma protein binding – 65%. max “> T _max when taken orally – 2-3 hours (it may take 2-3 days to achieve a therapeutic concentration). It penetrates well into various organs and tissues, as well as biological fluids: bile, synovial, ascitic, cerebrospinal (in the latter, the concentration is 10-25% of that in plasma), selectively accumulates in bones, liver, spleen, tumors, teeth. About passes through the placenta and passes into breast milk.Volume of distribution – 1.3-1.6 l / kg. Slightly metabolized in the liver. T _1/2 – 6-11 hours, with anuria – 57-108 hours. In the urine, it is found in high concentration 2 hours after administration and remains at an effective level for 6-12 hours; in the first 12 hours, up to 10-20% of the dose is excreted by the kidneys. Smaller amounts (5-10% of the total dose) are excreted in the bile into the intestines, where partial reabsorption occurs, which contributes to the long-term circulation of the active substance in the body (enterohepatic circulation). With hemodialysis, it is removed slowly.

Application of substance Tetracycline

For oral use: infectious diseases caused by susceptible pathogens: pneumonia and respiratory tract infections caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae; respiratory tract infections caused by Haemophilus influenzae and Klebsiella spp.; bacterial urinary tract infections, skin and soft tissue infections, necrotizing ulcerative gingivostomatitis, actinomycosis, intestinal amoebiasis, anthrax, brucellosis, bartonellosis, chancroid, cholera, chlamydia, uncomplicated gonorrhea, granuloma inguinal, lymphogranuloma venereum, listeriosis, plague, psitta goats, vesicular rickettsiosis, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, typhus, relapsing fever, syphilis, tularemia, yaws.

Topical ointment: acne vulgaris, bacterial infections of the skin.

Ophthalmic ointment: bacterial eye infections – blepharitis, blepharoconjunctivitis, keratitis, keratoconjunctivitis, meibomitis, trachoma, rosacea ocular lesions.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity, renal insufficiency, leukopenia, pregnancy, breast-feeding, children under 8 years of age (in children under 8 years of age, tetracycline can cause long-term discoloration of the teeth, enamel hypoplasia, slowing of the longitudinal growth of the bones of the skeleton).

Restrictions for use

Impaired liver function.

Use during pregnancy and lactation

Contraindicated in pregnancy (tetracyclines pass through the placenta, accumulate in the bones and tooth germs of the fetus, disrupting their mineralization, and can cause severe impairment of bone tissue development).

FDA fetal category – D.

Stop breastfeeding during treatment (tetracyclines pass into breast milk and may adversely affect the development of bones and teeth of the child, as well as cause photosensitivity reactions, candidiasis of the oral cavity and vagina in infants).

Side effects of the substance Tetracycline

From the side of the nervous system and sensory organs: increased intracranial pressure, dizziness or unsteadiness.

From the side of the cardiovascular system and blood (hematopoiesis, hemostasis): hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia.

From the digestive tract: loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, glossitis, esophagitis, gastritis, ulceration of the stomach and duodenum, hypertrophy of the papillae of the tongue, dysphagia, hepatotoxic effect, increased activity of liver transaminases, hyperbilirubinemia, pancreatitis, dysbacteriosis, antibiotic-associated diarrhea.

From the genitourinary system: nephrotoxic effect, azotemia, hypercreatininemia.

Allergic reactions: maculopapular rash, skin hyperemia, angioedema, anaphylactoid reactions, drug-induced systemic lupus erythematosus.

Other: photosensitivity, impaired formation of bone and tooth tissue, discoloration of tooth enamel in children, superinfection, candidiasis, hypovitaminosis B.

Interaction

Antacids, calcium, magnesium, iron salts, cholestyramine – reduce absorption from the gastrointestinal tract. Reduces the effectiveness of oral contraceptives and increases the risk of uterine bleeding, reduces the activity of bactericidal drugs. Increases the nephrotoxicity of methoxyflurane. When used together with vitamin A, the risk of developing intracranial hypertension increases.

Method of administration and doses

Inside, externally, intraconjunctivally. By mouth, adults: 250-500 mg 4 times a day. For children over 8 years old – 6.25-12.5 mg / kg every 6 hours or 12.5-25 mg / kg every 12 hours. The course of treatment averages 5-7 days.

Externally, the ointment is applied to the affected areas of the skin 1-2 times a day, if necessary, apply a weak bandage.

Intraconjunctival, the ointment is applied behind the eyelid 2-3 times a day; duration of use depends on the form of the disease.

Precautions

Avoid direct sunlight due to risk of photosensitivity.