What are the common side effects of Tylenol PM. How can severe reactions be identified. What long-term risks should users be aware of. Is Tylenol PM safe for everyone to use. How does acetaminophen affect the liver. Can Tylenol PM cause depression or mood changes.

Understanding Tylenol PM: Composition and Uses

Tylenol PM is a popular over-the-counter medication combining acetaminophen and an antihistamine. It’s primarily used for pain relief and as a sleep aid. The acetaminophen component helps reduce pain and fever, while the antihistamine induces drowsiness to aid sleep.

Why do people choose Tylenol PM over regular Tylenol? The addition of the antihistamine makes it particularly useful for those who experience pain that interferes with their sleep. However, this combination also comes with its own set of potential side effects and risks.

Key Ingredients in Tylenol PM

• Acetaminophen: A pain reliever and fever reducer
• Diphenhydramine: An antihistamine that causes drowsiness

Common Side Effects of Tylenol PM

While Tylenol PM is generally considered safe when used as directed, it can cause several common side effects. These effects are typically mild and often resolve on their own, but they can be bothersome for some users.

Are some side effects more common than others? Yes, certain effects are reported more frequently by users. Here’s a list of the most common side effects:

• Dizziness
• Drowsiness
• Constipation
• Stomach upset
• Blurred vision
• Dry mouth, nose, or throat

If these side effects persist or worsen, it’s important to consult a healthcare professional. They may suggest adjusting the dosage or switching to an alternative medication.

Severe Side Effects and Allergic Reactions

While less common, Tylenol PM can cause severe side effects in some individuals. These reactions require immediate medical attention and can be potentially life-threatening if left untreated.

How can you identify a severe reaction to Tylenol PM? Look out for the following symptoms:

• Mental or mood changes, including confusion
• Difficulty urinating
• Severe dizziness
• Trouble breathing
• Rash or itching
• Swelling, especially of the face, tongue, or throat

If you experience any of these symptoms after taking Tylenol PM, seek medical help immediately. These could be signs of a serious allergic reaction or other severe side effects that require prompt treatment.

Long-Term Risks and Liver Damage

One of the most significant concerns with long-term or excessive use of Tylenol PM is the potential for liver damage. This risk is primarily associated with the acetaminophen component of the medication.

How does acetaminophen affect the liver? When taken in high doses or over extended periods, acetaminophen can overwhelm the liver’s ability to process the drug safely. This can lead to liver damage or even liver failure in severe cases.

Acetaminophen Dosage Limits

To minimize the risk of liver damage, it’s crucial to adhere to recommended dosage limits:

• Adults should not exceed 4000 milligrams (4 grams) of acetaminophen per day
• People with liver problems and children should take even less, as advised by a healthcare professional

It’s important to note that acetaminophen is present in many over-the-counter and prescription medications. Always check labels and consult with a healthcare provider to ensure you’re not inadvertently exceeding the safe daily limit.

Tylenol PM and Alcohol: A Dangerous Combination

Combining Tylenol PM with alcohol can significantly increase the risk of liver damage. The liver processes both acetaminophen and alcohol, and when taken together, they can overwhelm the organ’s capacity to detoxify these substances.

Why is mixing Tylenol PM and alcohol so dangerous? Both substances are metabolized by the liver, and their combined effect can lead to:

• Increased risk of liver damage
• Enhanced sedative effects, potentially leading to excessive drowsiness or impaired coordination
• Increased risk of acetaminophen toxicity

It’s strongly advised to avoid alcohol consumption when taking Tylenol PM or any medication containing acetaminophen. If you regularly consume alcohol, discuss safe pain relief options with your healthcare provider.

Tylenol PM and Depression: Exploring the Connection

While Tylenol PM is not directly linked to causing depression, some users have reported mood changes or depressive symptoms while using the medication. This potential side effect is more likely associated with the antihistamine component (diphenhydramine) rather than the acetaminophen.

Can Tylenol PM worsen existing depression? For individuals with a history of depression or other mood disorders, the sedating effects of diphenhydramine might potentially exacerbate symptoms. It’s important to discuss any history of mental health issues with your healthcare provider before using Tylenol PM regularly.

Potential Mood-Related Side Effects

• Increased drowsiness or fatigue
• Changes in sleep patterns
• Difficulty concentrating
• Mood swings or irritability

If you experience any significant changes in mood or depressive symptoms while taking Tylenol PM, consult your healthcare provider promptly. They can help determine if the medication is a contributing factor and suggest appropriate alternatives or treatments.

Precautions and Drug Interactions

Before using Tylenol PM, it’s crucial to consider various precautions and potential drug interactions. Certain medical conditions and medications can increase the risk of side effects or complications.

Who should exercise caution when using Tylenol PM? Individuals with the following conditions should consult their healthcare provider before using this medication:

• Breathing problems (e.g., asthma, COPD)
• Glaucoma
• Heart disease
• High blood pressure
• Liver disease
• Stomach or intestinal problems
• Overactive thyroid gland
• Urination problems (e.g., enlarged prostate)

Additionally, Tylenol PM can interact with various medications, potentially altering their effectiveness or increasing the risk of side effects. Always inform your healthcare provider about all medications, supplements, and herbal products you’re taking before using Tylenol PM.

Common Drug Interactions

Tylenol PM may interact with:

• Other medications containing acetaminophen
• Antihistamines
• Sedatives or sleep aids
• Certain antidepressants
• Medications for Parkinson’s disease
• Drugs for nausea or motion sickness

These interactions can lead to increased drowsiness, impaired coordination, or other potentially dangerous effects. Always consult with a healthcare professional or pharmacist to ensure the safe use of Tylenol PM alongside other medications.

Safe Usage and Dosage Guidelines

To minimize the risk of side effects and ensure safe usage, it’s essential to follow proper dosage guidelines for Tylenol PM. Adhering to these guidelines can help you experience the benefits of pain relief and improved sleep while reducing the potential for adverse effects.

How should Tylenol PM be taken for optimal safety and efficacy? Here are some key guidelines:

• Follow the dosage instructions on the product package or as directed by your healthcare provider
• Do not exceed the recommended daily limit of acetaminophen (4000 mg for adults)
• Take the medication with or without food, as needed
• If using the liquid form, use a proper measuring device to ensure accurate dosing
• Do not crush or chew extended-release capsules or tablets
• Avoid using Tylenol PM for pain for more than 10 days (adults) or 5 days (children) without consulting a doctor
• Do not use for fever for more than 3 days unless directed by a healthcare professional

Remember, Tylenol PM is designed for short-term use. If your symptoms persist or worsen, or if you develop new symptoms, consult your healthcare provider promptly.

Signs of Overdose

Recognizing the signs of a Tylenol PM overdose is crucial for preventing serious complications. If you suspect an overdose, seek emergency medical attention immediately. Symptoms may include:

• Nausea and vomiting
• Loss of appetite
• Sweating
• Stomach or abdominal pain
• Extreme tiredness
• Yellowing of the eyes or skin (jaundice)
• Dark urine

Even if you feel well after taking too much Tylenol PM, it’s essential to get medical help right away, as liver damage can occur without immediate symptoms.

Alternatives to Tylenol PM

For individuals who experience side effects from Tylenol PM or those looking for alternative options, several other medications and non-pharmacological approaches can help with pain relief and sleep issues.

What are some alternatives to consider? Here are some options to discuss with your healthcare provider:

Medication Alternatives

• Regular Tylenol (acetaminophen) for pain relief without the sleep aid component
• Ibuprofen or other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for pain and inflammation
• Melatonin supplements for sleep aid without pain relief
• Prescription sleep medications for chronic insomnia

Non-Pharmacological Approaches

• Improved sleep hygiene practices
• Relaxation techniques such as meditation or deep breathing exercises
• Cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I)
• Regular exercise to improve overall sleep quality
• Limiting caffeine and alcohol intake, especially before bedtime

Remember, the best alternative will depend on your specific symptoms, medical history, and overall health status. Always consult with a healthcare professional before making significant changes to your medication regimen or starting new treatments.

By understanding the potential side effects, risks, and proper usage guidelines for Tylenol PM, you can make informed decisions about its use. While it can be an effective option for short-term pain relief and sleep aid, it’s crucial to weigh the benefits against potential risks and consider alternatives when appropriate. Always prioritize open communication with your healthcare provider to ensure the safest and most effective approach to managing your symptoms.

Tylenol PM oral: Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures, Warnings & Dosing

Warnings:

One ingredient in this product is acetaminophen. Taking too much acetaminophen may cause serious (possibly fatal) liver disease. Adults should not take more than 4000 milligrams (4 grams) of acetaminophen a day. People with liver problems and children should take less acetaminophen. Ask your doctor or pharmacist how much acetaminophen is safe to take.

Do not use with any other drug containing acetaminophen without asking your doctor or pharmacist first. Acetaminophen is in many nonprescription and prescription medications (such as pain/fever drugs or cough-and-cold products). Check the labels on all your medicines to see if they contain acetaminophen, and ask your pharmacist if you are unsure.

Get medical help right away if you take too much acetaminophen (overdose), even if you feel well. Overdose symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, sweating, stomach/abdominal pain, extreme tiredness, yellowing eyes/skin, and dark urine.

Daily alcohol use, especially when combined with acetaminophen, may damage your liver. Avoid alcohol.

How to use Tylenol PM Tablet

See also Warning section.

If you are taking an over-the-counter product, read all directions on the product package before taking this medication. If you have any questions, consult your pharmacist. If your doctor has prescribed this medication, take it as directed.

Take this medication by mouth with or without food or as directed by your doctor. If stomach upset occurs, you may take this medication with food or milk.

If you are using the liquid form, carefully measure your prescribed dose using a medication-measuring device or spoon. Do not use a household spoon because you may not get the correct dose.

If you are taking extended-release capsules, swallow them whole. Do not crush or chew extended-release capsules or tablets. Doing so can release all of the drug at once, increasing the risk of side effects. Also, do not split extended-release tablets unless they have a score line and your doctor or pharmacist tells you to do so. Swallow the whole or split tablet without crushing or chewing.

The dosage is based on your medical condition and response to treatment. Pain medications work best if they are used as the first signs of pain occur. If you wait until the symptoms have worsened, the medication may not work as well.

Do not take this product for pain more than 10 days (adults) or 5 days (children) unless directed by a doctor. Do not take this product for fever more than 3 days unless directed by your doctor. If your condition lasts or gets worse, or if you think you may have a serious medical problem, get medical help right away.

Side Effects

See also Warning section.

Dizziness, drowsiness, constipation, stomach upset, blurred vision, or dry mouth/nose/throat may occur. If any of these effects last or get worse, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly.

If your doctor has prescribed this medication, remember that your doctor has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects. Many people using this medication do not have serious side effects.

Tell your doctor right away if you have any serious side effects, including: mental/mood changes (such as confusion), trouble urinating.

A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare. However, get medical help right away if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction, including: rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing.

This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.

In the US – Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or at www.fda.gov/medwatch.

In Canada – Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345.

Precautions

See also Warning section.

Before taking this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic to acetaminophen or antihistamines; or if you have any other allergies. This product may contain inactive ingredients, which can cause allergic reactions or other problems. Talk to your pharmacist for more details.

Before using this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist your medical history, especially of: breathing problems (such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease-COPD), glaucoma, heart disease, high blood pressure, liver disease, stomach/intestinal problems (such as blockage, constipation, ulcers), overactive thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism), urination problems (such as trouble urinating due to enlarged prostate, urinary retention).

This drug may make you dizzy or drowsy or blur your vision. Alcohol or marijuana (cannabis) can make you more dizzy or drowsy. Do not drive, use machinery, or do anything that needs alertness or clear vision until you can do it safely. Avoid alcoholic beverages. Talk to your doctor if you are using marijuana (cannabis).

Liquid products may contain alcohol, sugar, and/or aspartame. Caution is advised if you have diabetes, alcohol dependence, liver disease, phenylketonuria (PKU), or any other condition that requires you to limit/avoid these substances in your diet. Ask your doctor or pharmacist about using this product safely.

Before having surgery, tell your doctor or dentist about all the products you use (including prescription drugs, nonprescription drugs, and herbal products).

Children may be more sensitive to the side effects of antihistamines. In young children, this drug may cause agitation and excitement instead of drowsiness.

Older adults may be more sensitive to the side effects of this drug, especially dizziness, drowsiness, confusion, constipation, or trouble urinating. Dizziness, drowsiness, and confusion can increase the risk of falling.

During pregnancy, this medication should be used only when clearly needed. Discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor.

This drug may pass into breast milk and may have undesirable effects on a nursing infant. Consult your doctor before breast-feeding.

Consult your pharmacist or physician.

Interactions

See also Warning section.

Drug interactions may change how your medications work or increase your risk for serious side effects. This document does not contain all possible drug interactions. Keep a list of all the products you use (including prescription/nonprescription drugs and herbal products) and share it with your doctor and pharmacist. Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicines without your doctor’s approval.

Some products that may interact with this drug are: antihistamines applied to the skin (such as diphenhydramine cream, ointment, spray), ketoconazole, levoketoconazole.

Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking other products that cause drowsiness such as opioid pain or cough relievers (such as codeine, hydrocodone), alcohol, marijuana (cannabis), drugs for sleep or anxiety (such as alprazolam, lorazepam, zolpidem), muscle relaxants (such as carisoprodol, cyclobenzaprine), or other antihistamines (such as cetirizine, diphenhydramine).

Antihistamines are ingredients found in many nonprescription products and in some combination prescription medications. Check the labels on all your medicines (such as allergy or cough-and-cold products) because they may also contain an antihistamine or other ingredients that cause drowsiness. Ask your pharmacist about using those products safely.

This medication may interfere with certain medical/laboratory tests (such as urine 5-HIAA, allergy skin tests), possibly causing false test results. Make sure laboratory personnel and all your doctors know you use this drug.

Does Tylenol PM Tablet interact with other drugs you are taking?

Enter your medication into the WebMD interaction checker

Overdose

If someone has overdosed and has serious symptoms such as passing out or trouble breathing, call 911. Otherwise, call a poison control center right away. US residents can call their local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222. Canada residents can call a provincial poison control center. Symptoms of overdose may include: nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, sweating, stomach/abdominal pain, extreme tiredness, agitation, confusion, flushing, hallucinations, yellowing eyes/skin, dark urine, seizures. In children, excitement may occur first, and may be followed by: loss of coordination, drowsiness, loss of consciousness, seizures.

If your doctor has prescribed this medication, do not share it with others.

Keep all medical and lab appointments.

If you are taking this product on a regular schedule and miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is near the time of the next dose, skip the missed dose. Take your next dose at the regular time. Do not double the dose to catch up.

Store at room temperature away from light and moisture. Do not store in the bathroom. Do not freeze liquid forms of this product. Keep all medications away from children and pets.

Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. Properly discard this product when it is expired or no longer needed. Consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal company.

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CONDITIONS OF USE: The information in this database is intended to supplement, not substitute for, the expertise and judgment of healthcare professionals. The information is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, drug interactions or adverse effects, nor should it be construed to indicate that use of a particular drug is safe, appropriate or effective for you or anyone else. A healthcare professional should be consulted before taking any drug, changing any diet or commencing or discontinuing any course of treatment.

Common and Rare Side Effects for Tylenol PM oral

COMMON side effects

If experienced, these tend to have a Severe expression i

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If experienced, these tend to have a Less Severe expression i

INFREQUENT side effects

If experienced, these tend to have a Severe expression i

If experienced, these tend to have a Less Severe expression i

RARE side effects

If experienced, these tend to have a Severe expression i

If experienced, these tend to have a Less Severe expression i

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Acetaminophen and Codeine | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

Adult Medication

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Provided by Lexicomp ^® , this document contains all the information you need to know about this medicine, including indications, directions for use, side effects, and when your healthcare provider should be contacted.

Trade names: USA

Tylenol with Codeine #3 [DSC]; Tylenol with Codeine #4 [DSC]

Trade names: Canada

PMS-Acetaminophen/Codeine; Procet-30 [DSC]; TEVA-Emtec-30; TEVA-Lenoltec No 4; Triatec-30; Tylenol #4 [DSC]

Warning

All Forms:

• This drug is a strong pain reliever that can be habit-forming, abused or misused. Misuse or abuse of this drug can lead to overdose and death. Consult with your doctor.
• This drug can cause very bad and sometimes deadly breathing problems. Call your doctor right away if breathing is slow, shallow, or difficult.
• The risk of serious and sometimes deadly respiratory problems may be increased when this drug is started or the dose is increased.
• Even one dose of this drug, taken by another person or by mistake, can be deadly, especially in children. If this drug has been taken by another person or by mistake, get medical help right away.
• This medicine contains acetaminophen. During the use of acetaminophen, liver disorders were recorded. In some cases, these disorders have required liver transplantation or have resulted in death. The majority of liver problems occurred in patients taking more than 4,000 milligrams (mg) of acetaminophen per day. Often, patients used not 1, but several drugs containing acetaminophen.
• This drug contains an opioid. Serious side effects have occurred when using opioids with benzodiazepines, alcohol, marijuana, or other forms of cannabis, as well as prescription or over-the-counter drugs that can cause drowsiness or slow action. These effects include slow or labored breathing and death. Benzodiazepines include drugs such as alprazolam, diazepam, and lorazepam. Benzodiazepines can be used to treat many health conditions such as anxiety, sleep disorders, or seizures. If you have any questions, please consult your doctor.
• Many drugs interact with this drug and may increase the risk of side effects such as life-threatening breathing problems. Check with your doctor and pharmacist to make sure it is safe to use this drug with all your other drugs.
• Do not take with alcohol or products containing alcohol. Dangerous, sometimes deadly, effects may develop.
• Seek immediate medical attention if you feel very drowsy, severely dizzy, or if you lose consciousness. Caregivers or others should seek immediate medical attention if the patient does not respond, does not respond, or does not respond in the usual way, or if he sleeps and does not wake up.
• Long-term use of this drug during pregnancy may cause withdrawal symptoms in the newborn. This can be life threatening. Consult your doctor.
• Severe and sometimes fatal breathing problems have been reported with codeine in children. Most often this occurred after surgery to remove the tonsils or adenoids and in children with an accelerated codeine metabolism. Do not give to children under 12 years of age. Do not give to children under 18 who are severely overweight, have certain health problems such as sleep apnea or other lung or breathing problems, or have had surgery to remove their tonsils or adenoids. If your child has taken this drug, ask your doctor about the benefits and risks.

Liquid (solution):

• Make sure you know how to measure the dose. A dosage error can lead to accidental overdose and death. If you have any questions, ask your doctor or pharmacist.

What is this drug used for?

• Used to relieve pain.

What should I tell my doctor BEFORE taking this drug?

• If you have an allergy to this drug, any of its ingredients, other drugs, foods or substances. Tell your doctor about your allergies and how they have manifested.
• If you have any of the following health conditions: Lung or breathing problems such as asthma, shortness of breath, or sleep apnea; high levels of carbon dioxide in the blood; gastrointestinal obstruction or narrowing.
• If you have liver disease.
• If you are taking any of the following drugs: buprenorphine, butorphanol, linezolid, methylene blue, nalbuphine, or pentazocine.
• If you have taken medications for depression or Parkinson’s disease in the past 14 days. These include isocarboxazid, phenelzine, tranylcypromine, selegiline, or rasagiline. An episode of very high blood pressure may occur.
• If your doctor has told you that your body metabolizes certain drugs faster.
• If you are breastfeeding. Do not breastfeed while taking this drug.

This list of drugs and conditions that may interact with this drug is not exhaustive.

Tell your doctor and pharmacist about all medicines you take (prescription and over-the-counter, natural products and vitamins) and any health problems you have. You need to make sure that this drug is safe for your conditions and in combination with other drugs you are already taking. Do not start or stop taking any drug or change the dosage without your doctor’s advice.

What do I need to know or do while taking this drug?

• Tell all your health care workers that you are taking this drug. These are doctors, nurses, pharmacists and dentists.
• Avoid driving and other activities that require increased attention until you see how this drug affects you.
• To reduce the risk of dizziness or loss of consciousness, get up slowly from a lying or sitting position. Walking up and down stairs should be done with care.
• You will be closely monitored to avoid misuse, abuse, or dependence on this drug.
• If this drug is taken for a long time or at high doses, its effectiveness may be reduced and a higher dose may be needed to achieve the same effect. The so-called tolerance to the drug develops. Talk to your doctor if this drug stops working as you want. Do not take the drug in higher doses than prescribed by your doctor.
• Long-term or regular use of opioid medications like this can lead to addiction. Reducing the dose or stopping this drug suddenly can cause a serious risk of withdrawal reactions or other serious problems. Talk to your doctor before reducing your dose or stopping this drug. You must follow the doctor’s instructions. Tell your doctor if you have severe pain, mood changes, suicidal thoughts, or any other side effects.
• It is not recommended to use other medicines containing acetaminophen. Carefully study the instructions for medicines. Taking acetaminophen in excessive amounts can lead to liver problems.
• Follow the instructions exactly. Do not exceed your daily dose of acetaminophen. If you are not sure what your daily dose of acetaminophen is, ask your doctor or pharmacist for it. Some people may take this drug in doses up to 4,000 milligrams (mg) per day as directed by their doctor. Some patients (eg, those with liver disease and children) require a dose reduction of acetaminophen. If you have exceeded your daily dose of acetaminophen, contact your doctor immediately, even if you do not feel worse.
• In case of an individual allergic reaction to sulfites, it is necessary to consult a doctor. Some foods contain sulfites.
• This drug may affect the results of some lab tests. Tell all your health care workers and laboratory staff that you are taking this drug.
• Long-term use of an opioid medicine can lead to a decrease in the level of sex hormones. If you have a decreased interest in sex, fertility problems, no menstruation, or problems with ejaculation, see your doctor.
• This drug may increase the risk of seizures in some people, including people who have had seizures in the past. Talk to your doctor to find out if your risk of seizures is increased with this drug.
• Taking opioid drugs like this can cause a rare but severe adrenal disorder. If you feel very tired or weak, pass out, or have severe dizziness, severe nausea, vomiting, or loss of appetite, call your healthcare provider right away.
• If you are 65 years of age or older, use this drug with caution. You may experience more side effects.
• When used during pregnancy, the drug may have a harmful effect on the fetus. If you are pregnant or become pregnant while taking this drug, call your doctor right away.

What side effects should I report to my doctor immediately?

WARNING. In rare cases, this drug can cause serious and sometimes deadly side effects in some patients. Call your doctor right away or get medical help if you have any of the following signs or symptoms that could be associated with serious side effects:

• Signs of an allergic reaction such as rash, hives, itching, red and swollen skin with blisters or peeling with or without fever, wheezing, tightness in the chest or throat, trouble breathing, swallowing or speaking, unusual hoarseness, swelling in the mouth, face, lips, tongue or throat. Some allergic reactions in rare cases have become life-threatening.
• Signs of liver problems such as dark urine, fatigue, lack of appetite, nausea or abdominal pain, light-colored stools, vomiting, yellowing of the skin or eyes.
• Severe dizziness or fainting.
• Pain or pressure in the chest or a fast heartbeat.
• Confusion of consciousness.
• Severe constipation or abdominal pain. These may be signs of a severe bowel disorder.
• Difficulty urinating or a change in the amount of urine produced.
• fever, chills, sore throat; the appearance of bruising and bleeding for unexplained reasons; pronounced feeling of tiredness or weakness.
• Mood changes.
• Labored, slow or shallow breathing.
• Noisy breathing.
• Breathing disorders during sleep (sleep apnea syndrome).
• Vision change.
• Seizures.
• Possible severe skin reaction (Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis). This can lead to severe health problems, which can be permanent, and sometimes death. Seek immediate medical attention if you experience symptoms such as redness, swelling of the skin with blistering or peeling (with or without fever), redness or irritation of the eyes, and sores in the mouth, throat, nose, or eyes.
• When this drug is taken with certain other drugs, a bad and sometimes deadly condition called serotonin syndrome can develop. Call your doctor right away if you experience agitation, balance problems, confusion, hallucinations, high fever, tachycardia or abnormal heart rhythms, flushing, muscle twitching or stiffness, seizures, tremors or tremors, excessive sweating, severe diarrhea, nausea or vomiting , severe headache.

What are some other side effects of this drug?

Any medicine can have side effects. However, for many people, side effects are either minor or non-existent. Contact your doctor or seek medical attention if these or any other side effects bother you or do not go away:

• Feeling dizzy, drowsy, tired or weak.
• Constipation.
• Pain in the intestines.
• Nausea or vomiting.
• Dry mouth.
• Excessive sweating.
• Headache.
• Hyperemia (blush).

This list of possible side effects is not exhaustive. If you have any questions about side effects, please contact your doctor. Talk to your doctor about side effects.

You can report side effects to the National Health Board.

You can report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-332-1088. You can also report side effects at https://www.fda.gov/medwatch.

What is the best way to take this drug?

Use this drug as directed by your doctor. Read all the information provided to you. Strictly follow all instructions.

All forms:

• Take with or without food. Take with food if medicine causes nausea.
• Drink plenty of non-caffeinated fluids, unless your doctor tells you to drink less fluids.
• Do not take this drug with other strong pain medications or if you are using a pain patch without talking to your doctor first.

Liquid (solution):

• Liquid doses should be measured with caution. Use the dispenser that comes with the medicine. If the dispenser is not provided in the package, ask the pharmacist for a dosing agent for this drug.
• This drug can not be measured with an ordinary teaspoon or tablespoon. This may lead to an overdose of the drug.

What if I miss a dose of a drug?

• If you take the drug regularly, take the missed dose as soon as you can.
• If it’s time for your next dose, don’t take the missed dose and then go back to your regular dosing schedule.
• Do not take 2 doses or an additional dose at the same time.
• In most cases, this drug is used as needed. Do not take the drug more often than prescribed by your doctor.

How do I store and/or discard this drug?

• Store at room temperature, protected from light. Store in a dry place. Do not store in the bathroom.
• Keep this medicine in a protected place out of sight and reach of children and out of the reach of other people. A box or room that is locked with a key can act as a secure storage place for the drug. Keep all medicines out of the reach of pets.
• Dispose of unused or expired drugs. Do not empty into a toilet or sewer unless instructed to do so. If you have any questions about disposing of medicines, ask your pharmacist. Drug disposal programs may be in place in your area.

General information about medicines

• If your health does not improve or even worsens, see your doctor.
• Do not give your medicine to anyone and do not take other people’s medicines.
• Some medicines may come with other patient information leaflets. If you have any questions about this drug, talk with your doctor, nurse, pharmacist, or other health care professional.
• A separate instruction for patients is attached to the drug. Please read this information carefully. Reread it each time you refill your supply. If you have any questions about this drug, ask your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care professional.
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decrease in positive emotions in life / Habr

jeston
Apr 14, 2015 at 8:13 pm

Time to read
2 min

Views 23K

Popular Science Health

Ohio University researchers found that paracetamol-based drugs have a side effect on patients, reducing the share of positive emotions. The research method was simple. Volunteers were asked to take medication, which turned out to be either a placebo or contained paracetamol, and were shown a series of photographs with different subjects. Some photographs were supposed to evoke positive emotions, while others, on the contrary, had a negative effect on the emotional state. It turned out that volunteers who took paracetamol pills rated their positive and negative emotions not as strongly as those who took placebo.

Tylenol, a paracetamol-based pain reliever, has been used in the US for more than 70 years, but this is the first time such a clinical effect has been observed. In total, paracetamol is used in more than 600 different medicines, and about 52 million American adults use it every week.

The study involved 82 Ohio University students who were divided into two groups. For the experiment, the authors selected 40 photographs from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS) database, which are commonly used in this kind of medical research. The photographs were selected in such a way that they could be assessed as extremely negative (starving children), neutral and positive (children with cats). Volunteers took a 1000 mgm dose of some substance, which was either paracetamol or a similar looking placebo, and waited 60 minutes for the drug to take effect.

Each photo was asked to rate on a scale from -5 to +5 according to its subject: whether the volunteer considers it negative or positive. The same photo was then asked to be rated on a scale of 0 to 10 according to how strong an emotional impact it had. After processing the results of the study, it turned out that those who took paracetamol rated most of the photos as generally neutral, and the strength of their emotional experience was less than that of those who took placebo. The average emotional score given by those who took the harmless powder was 6.76. At the same time, volunteers who took paracetamol rated them at 5.85.

The dystopian film Equilibrium describes a totalitarian society after World War III. Residents of the state of Libria must take a daily dose of a special drug called Prozium, which suppresses human emotions. It is believed that in this way negative manifestations of their character are excluded from relations between people. A special organization “Tetragrammaton” and its employees, who are called clerics, keep order. One day, due to circumstances, one of the clerics misses his daily dose of prozium.