What are the main types of brain damage. How severe can brain injuries be. What causes brain damage in different scenarios. Which symptoms indicate potential brain damage. How are brain injuries treated and managed. Can brain injuries be prevented effectively.

Understanding Brain Damage: Types and Severity

Brain damage is a serious condition that affects millions of Americans each year. It occurs when brain cells are destroyed or deteriorate, leading to impaired brain function. To better understand this complex issue, let’s explore the main types of brain damage and their varying levels of severity.

Types of Brain Damage

There are two primary categories of brain damage:

• Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI): Caused by external forces, such as a blow to the head
• Acquired Brain Injury (ABI): Occurs at the cellular level, often due to pressure on the brain

TBI results from the brain moving inside the skull or damage to the skull itself. ABI, on the other hand, is typically associated with tumors, strokes, or other neurological illnesses. It’s important to note that both TBI and ABI occur after birth and are not degenerative conditions.

Severity of Brain Damage

The severity of brain damage can vary significantly, ranging from mild to severe:

1. Mild brain injury: May be temporary, causing headaches, confusion, memory problems, and nausea
2. Moderate brain injury: Symptoms last longer and are more pronounced
3. Severe brain injury: Can lead to life-changing cognitive, behavioral, and physical disabilities

In mild and moderate cases, most patients make a good recovery, although 15% of people with mild brain injuries may experience persistent problems after one year. Severe brain injuries can result in long-term dependence on care from others.

Common Causes of Brain Damage

Brain damage can result from various injuries, illnesses, or conditions. Understanding these causes is crucial for prevention and early intervention. Let’s examine the most common factors leading to brain damage.

Traumatic Brain Injury Causes

• Car accidents
• Blows to the head
• Sports injuries
• Falls or accidents
• Physical violence

Acquired Brain Injury Causes

• Poisoning or exposure to toxic substances
• Infections
• Strangulation, choking, or drowning
• Strokes
• Heart attacks
• Tumors
• Aneurysms
• Neurological illnesses
• Abuse of illegal drugs

It’s worth noting that certain demographics are at higher risk for brain damage. Males between ages 15 and 24 are particularly vulnerable due to high-risk behaviors. Young children and the elderly also face an increased risk of brain injuries.

Recognizing the Symptoms of Brain Damage

Identifying brain damage symptoms early is crucial for prompt treatment and better outcomes. These symptoms fall into four main categories: cognitive, perceptual, physical, and behavioral/emotional. Let’s explore each category in detail.

Cognitive Symptoms

• Difficulty processing information
• Trouble expressing thoughts
• Challenges in understanding others
• Shortened attention span
• Inability to understand abstract concepts
• Impaired decision-making ability
• Memory loss

Perceptual Symptoms

• Changes in vision, hearing, or sense of touch
• Spatial disorientation
• Inability to sense time
• Disorders of smell and taste
• Balance issues
• Heightened sensitivity to pain

Physical Symptoms

• Persistent headaches
• Extreme mental and physical fatigue
• Paralysis or weakness
• Tremors
• Seizures
• Sensitivity to light
• Sleep disorders
• Slurred speech
• Loss of consciousness

Behavioral and Emotional Symptoms

• Irritability and impatience
• Reduced tolerance for stress
• Sluggishness
• Flattened or heightened emotions or reactions
• Denial of disability
• Increased aggressiveness

If you or someone you know exhibits any of these symptoms following a head injury or potential brain-damaging event, seek immediate medical attention. Even seemingly mild injuries, such as concussions, can have serious consequences if left untreated.

Diagnosis and Treatment of Brain Damage

Proper diagnosis and treatment are essential for managing brain damage and improving outcomes. Medical professionals use various methods to assess brain injuries and develop appropriate treatment plans.

Diagnostic Techniques

• Neurological examination
• Computed Tomography (CT) scans
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
• Electroencephalogram (EEG)
• Cognitive and neuropsychological tests

Treatment Approaches

Treatment for brain damage varies depending on the type and severity of the injury. Common approaches include:

• Emergency care to stabilize the patient
• Medications to manage symptoms and prevent complications
• Surgery to address physical damage or reduce pressure on the brain
• Rehabilitation therapy (physical, occupational, and speech therapy)
• Cognitive therapy to improve mental function
• Psychological counseling to address emotional and behavioral issues

The recovery process can be lengthy and may require a multidisciplinary approach involving various healthcare professionals. Patience and perseverance are crucial for both patients and their caregivers during this challenging time.

Prevention Strategies for Brain Injuries

While not all brain injuries can be prevented, there are several steps individuals can take to reduce their risk. Implementing these preventive measures can significantly decrease the likelihood of experiencing brain damage.

General Safety Precautions

• Always wear seatbelts when driving or riding in vehicles
• Use appropriate safety gear during sports and recreational activities
• Install handrails and remove tripping hazards to prevent falls, especially for the elderly
• Keep firearms unloaded and locked away
• Use helmets when riding bicycles, motorcycles, or engaging in contact sports

Lifestyle Choices

• Maintain a healthy diet and exercise regularly to reduce the risk of stroke
• Avoid excessive alcohol consumption
• Don’t use illegal drugs
• Manage chronic health conditions like high blood pressure and diabetes

Workplace Safety

• Follow safety guidelines and use protective equipment in hazardous work environments
• Implement ergonomic practices to reduce the risk of repetitive strain injuries
• Stay alert and avoid distractions while operating machinery or vehicles

By adopting these preventive measures, individuals can significantly reduce their risk of suffering brain damage. However, it’s important to remember that accidents can still happen, and prompt medical attention is crucial in the event of any head injury.

Long-term Impact and Rehabilitation for Brain Damage

The long-term effects of brain damage can vary widely depending on the severity and location of the injury. Understanding these potential impacts and the rehabilitation process is crucial for patients and their families.

Potential Long-term Effects

• Permanent cognitive impairments
• Changes in personality or behavior
• Physical disabilities
• Ongoing medical complications
• Difficulties with social interactions and relationships
• Challenges in returning to work or school

Rehabilitation Process

Rehabilitation for brain damage is often a long-term process that requires patience and dedication. It may include:

• Physical therapy to improve mobility and strength
• Occupational therapy to relearn daily living skills
• Speech and language therapy
• Cognitive rehabilitation to improve memory and problem-solving skills
• Psychological counseling to address emotional and behavioral changes
• Vocational rehabilitation to assist with returning to work

The goal of rehabilitation is to help individuals with brain damage regain as much independence as possible and improve their quality of life. Success often depends on the severity of the injury, the individual’s motivation, and the support of family and healthcare professionals.

Advances in Brain Damage Research and Treatment

The field of neuroscience is constantly evolving, bringing new hope for better treatments and outcomes for those affected by brain damage. Let’s explore some of the latest advancements in this area.

Emerging Treatment Options

• Stem cell therapy for regenerating damaged brain tissue
• Brain-computer interfaces to assist with communication and mobility
• Transcranial magnetic stimulation for improving cognitive function
• Virtual reality-based rehabilitation techniques
• Neuroprotective drugs to limit secondary damage after brain injuries

Ongoing Research Areas

• Neuroplasticity and brain remodeling after injury
• Genetic factors influencing recovery from brain damage
• Advanced imaging techniques for more accurate diagnosis and prognosis
• Personalized treatment approaches based on individual brain patterns
• Development of biomarkers for early detection of brain injuries

These advancements offer hope for improved outcomes and quality of life for individuals with brain damage. However, it’s important to note that many of these treatments are still in experimental stages and may not be widely available.

Support Systems and Resources for Brain Damage Patients and Caregivers

Coping with brain damage can be challenging for both patients and their caregivers. Access to proper support systems and resources is crucial for managing the long-term effects of brain injuries and maintaining quality of life.

Support Organizations

• Brain Injury Association of America
• National Stroke Association
• Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems
• Local brain injury support groups

Resources for Patients and Caregivers

• Educational materials about brain injuries and recovery
• Financial assistance programs
• Respite care services
• Legal advocacy for disability rights
• Vocational rehabilitation services
• Online forums and communities for sharing experiences and advice

These support systems and resources can provide invaluable assistance in navigating the challenges of living with brain damage. They offer emotional support, practical advice, and access to specialized services that can significantly improve the quality of life for both patients and caregivers.

In conclusion, brain damage is a complex and often life-altering condition that affects millions of people worldwide. By understanding its types, causes, symptoms, and treatment options, we can work towards better prevention, early intervention, and improved outcomes for those affected. As research in this field continues to advance, there is hope for more effective treatments and rehabilitation strategies in the future. Remember, if you or someone you know experiences a head injury or exhibits symptoms of brain damage, seeking immediate medical attention is crucial for the best possible outcome.

Brain Damage: Symptoms, Causes, Treatments

Written by Suzanne Wright

• What Are the Types of Brain Damage and How Severe Are They?
• What Causes Brain Damage?
• What Are the Symptoms of Brain Damage?
• How Are Brain Damage and Brain Injuries Treated?
• Can I Prevent Brain Injuries?

Brain damage is an injury that causes the destruction or deterioration of brain cells.

In the U.S., every year, about 2.6 million people have some type of brain injury — whether as a result of trauma, stroke, tumor, or other illnesses, according to the Brain Injury Association of America. About 52,000 die as a result of traumatic brain injury, and more than 5 million Americans who’ve suffered traumatic brain injury require assistance in performing daily activities. Approximately 130,000 Americans die of stroke each year, according to the National Stroke Association.

All traumatic brain injuries are head injuries. But head injury is not necessarily brain injury. There are two types of brain injury: traumatic brain injury and acquired brain injury. Both disrupt the brain’s normal functioning.

• Traumatic Brain Injury(TBI) is caused by an external force — such as a blow to the head — that causes the brain to move inside the skull or damages the skull. This in turn damages the brain.
• Acquired Brain Injury (ABI) occurs at the cellular level. It is most often associated with pressure on the brain. This could come from a tumor. Or it could result from neurological illness, as in the case of a stroke.

Both traumatic brain injury and acquired brain injury occur after birth. And neither is degenerative. Sometimes, the two terms are used interchangeably.

There is a kind of brain damage that results from genetics or birth trauma. It’s called congenital brain damage. It is not included, though, within the standard definition of brain damage or traumatic brain injury.

Some brain injuries cause focal — or localized — brain damage, such as the damage caused when a bullet enters the brain. In other words, the damage is confined to a small area. Closed head injuries frequently cause diffuse brain damage, which means damage to several areas of the brain. For example, both sides of the brain are damaged and the nerves are stretched throughout the brain. This is called diffuse axonal injury or DAI.

The severity of brain damage can vary with the type of brain injury. A mild brain injury may be temporary. It causes headaches, confusion, memory problems, and nausea. In a moderate brain injury, symptoms can last longer and be more pronounced. In both cases, most patients make a good recovery, although even in mild brain injury 15% of people will have persistent problems after one year.

With a severe brain injury, the person may suffer life-changing and debilitating problems. They will have cognitive, behavioral, and physical disabilities. People who are in a coma or a minimally responsive state may remain dependent on the care of others for the rest of their lives. .

When the brain is starved of oxygen for a prolonged period of time, brain damage may occur. Brain damage can occur as a result of a wide range of injuries, illnesses, or conditions. Because of high-risk behaviors, males between ages 15 and 24 are most vulnerable. Young children and the elderly also have a higher risk.

Causes of traumatic brain injury include:

• Car accidents
• Blows to the head
• Sports injuries
• Falls or accidents
• Physical violence

Causes of acquired brain injury include:

• Poisoning or exposure to toxic substances
• Infection
• Strangulation, choking, or drowning
• Stroke
• Heart attacks
• Tumors
• Aneurysms
• Neurological illnesses
• Abuse of illegal drugs

There are numerous symptoms of brain damage, whether traumatic or acquired. They fall into four major categories:

• Cognitive
• Perceptual
• Physical
• Behavioral/emotional

Cognitive symptoms of brain damage include:

• Difficulty processing information
• Difficulty in expressing thoughts
• Difficulty understanding others
• Shortened attention span
• Inability to understand abstract concepts
• Impaired decision-making ability
• Memory loss

Perceptual symptoms of brain damage include:

• Change in vision, hearing, or sense of touch
• Spatial disorientation
• Inability to sense time
• Disorders of smell and taste
• Balance issues
• Heightened sensitivity to pain

Physical symptoms of brain damage include:

• Persistent headaches
• Extreme mental fatigue
• Extreme physical fatigue
• Paralysis
• Weakness
• Tremors
• Seizures
• Sensitivity to light
• Sleep disorders
• Slurred speech
• Loss of consciousness

Behavioral/emotional symptoms of brain damage include:

• Irritability and impatience
• Reduced tolerance for stress
• Sluggishness
• Flattened or heightened emotions or reactions
• Denial of disability
• Increased aggressiveness

Anyone who has a head or brain injury needs immediate medical attention.

A brain injury that seems mild — referred to as a concussion — can be as dangerous as clearly severe injuries. The key factor is the extent and location of the damage. Brain injury does not necessarily result in long-term disability or impairment. But the correct diagnosis and treatment is needed to contain or minimize the damage.

The extent and effect of brain damage is determined by a neurological exam, neuroimaging testing such as MRI or CT scans, and neuropsychological assessments. Doctors will stabilize the patient to prevent further injury, ensure blood and oxygen are flowing properly to the brain, and ensure that blood pressure is controlled.

Almost all patients will benefit from rehabilitation to assist in long-term recovery. That may include:

• Physical therapy
• Occupational therapy
• Speech and language therapy
• Psychological support

Most injuries that cause brain damage are preventable. Here are some rules to follow to reduce the risk of brain damage:

• Never shake a child.
• Install window guards to keep young children from falling out of open windows.
• Install shock-absorbing material on playgrounds.
• Wear helmets during sports or cycling.
• Wear a Q-collar while playing contact sports
• Wear seatbelts in cars, and drive carefully.
• Avoid falls by using a stepstool when reaching for high items.
• Install handrails on stairways.
• Don’t keep guns; if you do, keep them unloaded and locked away.
• Don’t use illegal drugs.
• Drink alcohol only in moderation, and never drink and drive.

Top Picks

Calcium Oral: Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures, Warnings & Dosing

Uses

This medication is used to prevent or treat low blood calcium levels in people who do not get enough calcium from their diets. It may be used to treat conditions caused by low calcium levels such as bone loss (osteoporosis), weak bones (osteomalacia/rickets), decreased activity of the parathyroid gland (hypoparathyroidism), and a certain muscle disease (latent tetany). It may also be used in certain patients to make sure they are getting enough calcium (such as women who are pregnant, nursing, or postmenopausal, people taking certain medications such as phenytoin, phenobarbital, or prednisone).Calcium plays a very important role in the body. It is necessary for normal functioning of nerves, cells, muscle, and bone. If there is not enough calcium in the blood, then the body will take calcium from bones, thereby weakening bones. Having the right amount of calcium is important for building and keeping strong bones.

How to use Calcium 600 Mg Tablet

Take this medication by mouth with food. If your product contains calcium citrate, then it may be taken with or without food. Follow all directions on the product package, or take as directed by your doctor. For best absorption, if your daily dose is more than 600 milligrams, then divide your dose and space it throughout the day. If you have any questions, ask your doctor or pharmacist.

If you are using the chewable product, chew it well before swallowing.

If you are using the effervescent tablet, allow the tablet to fully dissolve in a glass of water before drinking it. Do not chew or swallow the tablet whole.

If you are using the liquid product or powder, measure the medication with a dose-measuring spoon or device to make sure you get the correct dose. Do not use a household spoon. If the liquid product is a suspension, shake the bottle well before each dose.

Use this medication regularly to get the most benefit from it. To help you remember, take it at the same time(s) each day.

If your doctor has recommended that you follow a special diet, it is very important to follow the diet to get the most benefit from this medication and to prevent serious side effects. Do not take other supplements/vitamins unless ordered by your doctor.

If you think you may have a serious medical problem, get medical help right away.

Side Effects

Constipation and upset stomach may occur. If any of these effects last or get worse, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly.

If your doctor has directed you to use this medication, remember that your doctor has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects. Many people using this medication do not have serious side effects.

Tell your doctor right away if you have any serious side effects, including: nausea/vomiting, loss of appetite, unusual weight loss, mental/mood changes, bone/muscle pain, headache, increased thirst/urination, weakness, unusual tiredness.

A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare. However, get medical help right away if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction, including: rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing.

This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.

In the US – Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or at www.fda.gov/medwatch.

In Canada – Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345.

Precautions

Before taking calcium, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you have any allergies. This product may contain inactive ingredients, which can cause allergic reactions or other problems. Talk to your pharmacist for more details.

If you have any of the following health problems, consult your doctor or pharmacist before using this product: high calcium levels (hypercalcemia), kidney disease (including kidney stones), little or no stomach acid (achlorhydria), heart disease, disease of the pancreas, a certain lung disease (sarcoidosis), difficulty absorbing nutrition from food (malabsorption syndrome).

Some sugar-free formulations of calcium may contain aspartame. If you have phenylketonuria (PKU) or any other condition that requires you to restrict your intake of aspartame (or phenylalanine), consult your doctor or pharmacist about using this drug safely.

Tell your doctor if you are pregnant before using this medication.

This medication passes into breast milk. Consult your doctor before breast-feeding.

Interactions

Drug interactions may change how your medications work or increase your risk for serious side effects. This document does not contain all possible drug interactions. Keep a list of all the products you use (including prescription/nonprescription drugs and herbal products) and share it with your doctor and pharmacist. Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicines without your doctor’s approval.

Some products that may interact with this drug are: digoxin, cellulose sodium phosphate, certain phosphate binders (such as calcium acetate).

Calcium can decrease the absorption of other drugs such as bisphosphonates (for example, alendronate), tetracycline antibiotics (such as doxycycline, minocycline), estramustine, levothyroxine, and quinolone antibiotics (such as ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin). Separate your doses of these medications as far as possible from your doses of calcium. Ask your doctor or pharmacist about how long you should wait between doses and for help finding a dosing schedule that will work with all your medications.

Check the labels on all your prescription and nonprescription/herbal products (such as antacids, vitamins) because they may contain calcium. Ask your pharmacist about using those products safely.

Does Calcium 600 Mg Tablet interact with other drugs you are taking?

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Overdose

If someone has overdosed and has serious symptoms such as passing out or trouble breathing, call 911. Otherwise, call a poison control center right away. US residents can call their local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222. Canada residents can call a provincial poison control center. Symptoms of overdose may include: nausea/vomiting, loss of appetite, mental/mood changes, headache, weakness, tiredness.

Foods rich in calcium include: dairy products (such as milk, yogurt, cheese, ice cream), dark-green leafy vegetables (such as broccoli, spinach, bok choy), and calcium-fortified foods (such as orange juice).

Vitamin D helps with the absorption of calcium. Foods rich in vitamin D include: fortified dairy products, eggs, sardines, cod liver oil, chicken livers, and fatty fish. Vitamin D is also made by the body as a result of exposure to the sun.

Lab and/or medical tests (such as calcium levels) may be done while you are taking this medication. Keep all medical and lab appointments. Consult your doctor for more details.

If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is near the time of the next dose, skip the missed dose. Take your next dose at the regular time. Do not double the dose to catch up.

Store at room temperature away from light and moisture. Do not store in the bathroom. Keep all medications away from children and pets.

Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. Properly discard this product when it is expired or no longer needed. Consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal company.

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Selected from data included with permission and copyrighted by First Databank, Inc. This copyrighted material has been downloaded from a licensed data provider and is not for distribution, except as may be authorized by the applicable terms of use.

CONDITIONS OF USE: The information in this database is intended to supplement, not substitute for, the expertise and judgment of healthcare professionals. The information is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, drug interactions or adverse effects, nor should it be construed to indicate that use of a particular drug is safe, appropriate or effective for you or anyone else. A healthcare professional should be consulted before taking any drug, changing any diet or commencing or discontinuing any course of treatment.

top 5 rating according to CP

Complaints of dizziness are among the most frequent in practical medicine, second only to headaches. Vertigo syndrome can be an important sign of various diseases: neurological, otiatric (inner ear), cardiovascular, mental and others ¹ . Dizziness is a symptom and is not a disease.

Possible causes of dizziness ² :

• pathology of the vestibular analyzer;
• Meniere’s disease;
• migraine;
• neurotic disorders;
• destructive changes in the cervical spine;
• diseases of internal organs;
• diseases of the organ of vision;
• labyrinthitis;
• vestibular neuritis;
• cholesteatoma;
• disorders of cerebral circulation.

Dizziness may be temporary or prolonged, especially if it is a sign of inflammation of the middle or inner ear (eg Meniere’s disease). A person with dizziness may have problems with balance and consciousness, feel dizzy, nausea, pain. Dizziness itself is the feeling that the room or environment is spinning around the person.

Neurasthenia in adults

How chronic fatigue syndrome manifests itself

The most common manifestation of neurasthenia is headache. It usually spreads all over the head and manifests itself by the end of the day. How to cope with it and its root cause, we will learn from experts

More about the problemLearn about the treatment

Any medication “for dizziness” is a symptomatic therapy that eliminates only the unpleasant sensations themselves. Therefore, the first step in the treatment of dizziness is a visit to a neurologist or therapist, and if it is ear pain, an ENT doctor.

List of top 5 tablets for dizziness according to KP

Important! All drugs have side effects and contraindications. Our material is an overview and does not serve as a guide to action. Before buying drugs, consult your doctor.

Aviamarin

The drug belongs to the pharmacological group of h2-histamine receptor blockers, and its active ingredient is dimenhydrinate. The remedy is used for pathologies of the vestibular apparatus: motion sickness in transport, Meniere’s disease. Aviamarin is also used as a prevention and treatment of symptoms of vestibular and labyrinth disorders.

Contraindications : 1st trimester of pregnancy, breast-feeding, hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, epilepsy, age up to 3 years, acute exudative and vesicular dermatoses.

Dramina

The drug is available in the form of tablets, its active ingredient is also dimenhydrinate. The tool has antiemetic, sedative and moderate antiallergic effect, helps to eliminate dizziness.

Indications for use are motion sickness in transport, prevention and treatment of symptoms of vestibular and labyrinth disorders (dizziness, nausea, vomiting), as well as Meniere’s disease.

Contraindications: acute dermatoses, epilepsy, age up to 3 years, pregnancy, breastfeeding period, hypersensitivity to the drug components.

Memoplant

The herbal preparation is available in the form of small white film-coated tablets. The active substance of the product is a dry extract of the leaves of ginkgo biloba, which is used for disorders of attention and memory, dizziness, tinnitus, fear, sleep disorders. The instructions indicate that Memoplant improves cerebral and peripheral circulation.

Contraindications : hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, reduced blood clotting, peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum in the acute phase, erosive gastritis, acute cerebrovascular accident, arterial hypotension, acute myocardial infarction, pregnancy and breastfeeding, age up to 18 years old.

Ginkoum

Herbal product with dry extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves as an active ingredient. The drug helps to improve cerebral circulation and the supply of oxygen and glucose to the brain, has a vasodilating effect, helps to normalize metabolic processes.

Ginkoum is available in the form of brown capsules and is used for disorders of attention and memory, dizziness, tinnitus, sleep disorders, general malaise arising from cerebrovascular disorders.

Contraindications : reduced blood clotting, erosive gastritis, peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum in the acute phase, acute cerebrovascular accident, acute myocardial infarction, arterial hypotension, pregnancy, lactation, age up to 18 years, hypersensitivity to drugs ginkgo biloba.

Vertigoheel

Multi-component homeopathic preparation is available in white and yellowish-white lozenges and drops for oral administration. Indications for admission are dizziness of various origins, including dizziness associated with motion sickness in transport.

Important! Vertigoheel can cause allergic reactions, so it must be taken strictly according to the instructions, and if the condition worsens, immediately consult a doctor.

Contraindications : increased individual sensitivity to the components of the drug, pregnancy, breastfeeding, age up to 18 years, lactase deficiency, lactose intolerance.

How to choose pills for dizziness

Given the fact that there are a lot of causes of dizziness, it is impossible to say unequivocally which are the best pills for dizziness. In each specific situation, these can be drugs of completely different pharmacological groups and the principle of action. Generally speaking, doctors prescribe a number of medications for the development of dizziness and its accompanying symptoms. It can be:

• tranquilizers;
• diuretics;
• antihistamines;
• drugs from the group of calcium antagonists;
• ACE inhibitor tablets;
• cerebrovascular dilators;
• anti-inflammatory drugs.

A specific drug and concomitant treatment is selected only by a doctor, focusing on the patient’s age, the cause that provoked dizziness, existing contraindications and chronic diseases. It is forbidden to take any drugs on your own.

If the problem is related to the brain itself, nootropic drugs are most often used, which help in accelerating the metabolism in the cells of the cerebral cortex and saturating them with oxygen.

If the cause is in various diseases of the nervous system, neuroleptics can help, which suppress psychomotor agitation, inhibit the activity of nervous processes.

For motion sickness or drug side effects, antihistamines, which have a sedative effect, can be used.

With migraines, Meniere’s disease and some problems with blood vessels, antispasmodics will be effective, which relieve spasms of blood vessels and improve blood flow to the brain.

Popular Questions and Answers

We asked a neurologist of the highest category Evgeny Mosin about dizziness and the choice of drugs for it.

What causes dizziness?

– Dizziness can be caused by a variety of conditions, which usually involve an imbalance in the inner ear or problems with the central nervous system (CNS). Conditions that can lead to dizziness include the following:

● Labyrinthite. This disorder may occur when an infection from the middle ear or nasopharynx causes inflammation of the labyrinth, part of the inner ear. This area contains the vestibulocochlear nerve. This nerve sends information about head movement, body position, and sound to the brain. In addition to dizziness, a person with labyrinthitis may experience hearing loss, tinnitus, headaches, ear pain, and vision changes.

● Vestibular neuritis. The infection also causes vestibular neuritis, which is inflammation of the vestibular nerve. The disease is similar to labyrinthitis, but does not affect a person’s hearing. Vestibular neuritis causes dizziness, which may accompany blurred vision, severe nausea, or a feeling of imbalance.

● Cholesteatoma. This non-cancerous growth develops in the middle ear, usually due to repeated infection. When it grows behind the eardrum, the tumor can damage the bony structures of the middle ear, leading to hearing loss and dizziness.

● Meniere’s disease. This disorder causes fluid to build up in the inner ear, which can lead to bouts of vertigo with tinnitus and hearing loss. It is more common in people between the ages of 40 and 60. The exact cause is unclear, but it may be caused by narrowing of the blood vessels, a viral infection, or an autoimmune reaction.

Dizziness may also occur with:

● migraine;
● head injuries;
● ear surgery;
● perilymph fistula, where fluid from the inner ear seeps into the middle ear due to a rupture of one of the two membranes between the middle ear and the inner ear;
● herpes zoster in or around the ear;
● otosclerosis, where the problem of overgrowth of the bones of the middle ear leads to hearing loss;
● ataxia resulting in muscle weakness;
● stroke or transient ischemic attack, which people sometimes refer to as a mini-stroke;
● cerebellar or brain stem disease;
● acoustic neuroma, which is a benign growth that develops on the vestibulochochlar nerve near the inner ear;
● multiple sclerosis.

Prolonged bed rest and the use of certain medications can also cause dizziness.

What to do if you feel dizzy?

– Some types of dizziness go away without intervention, but the person may need treatment for the underlying problem. A doctor may, for example, prescribe antibiotics for a bacterial infection or antivirals for shingles. Medications are available that can relieve some of the symptoms. These medications include antihistamines and antiemetics to reduce motion sickness and nausea.

If other treatments fail, surgery may be needed, especially for BPPV and acoustic neuroma. But you can’t take anything on your own, be sure to contact a neurologist or ENT.

Can you get rid of dizziness yourself?

– There are some things you can do at home to help relieve dizziness and limit its effects. But these are not drugs, but lifestyle changes.

Steps that can help relieve dizziness include:

● lying still in a quiet, dark room if you feel dizzy;
● sitting down on a chair or leaning on objects as soon as dizziness appears;
● careful movement that may cause symptoms: standing up abruptly, turning or tilting the head;
● squatting instead of bending down to pick something up;
● if necessary, use a cane while walking;
● head up on two or more pillows;
● Devices in the house to turn on the light when getting up at night to prevent falling.

Anyone who experiences dizziness should not drive a car or use a ladder. This is dangerous with serious consequences.

Sources:

1. Bronstein A., Lempert T. Vertigo //M.: Geotar-Media. – 2010. – S. 216. https://static12.insales.ru/files/1/6345/997577/original/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0 %BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_22.pdf
2. Tolmacheva VA Causes of dizziness // Neurology, neuropsychiatry, psychosomatics. – 2010. – no. 4. – S. 18-24. https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/prichiny-golovokruzheniya

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Updated: 05/25/2023

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Preparations for confusion

Good, if the head is confused in the happiness of such a mess, then there is no drive for praise. However, even if it’s a wrapper because of the disruption of the function of such an organ in the human body, then it’s good to think about going to the doctor. Often zamorochennya does not carry serious naslіdkіv, but buvaє і navpaki. The reasons for the confusion can be different, the main ones are: problems in the work of the cardiovascular system, strong and sharp shocks, damage to the soft and hard tissues of the head. If it is necessary for a person to consult a doctor, I will explain the reason for this and recognize the faces of the confusion.

Causes and treatments for constipation.

Tanakan, Betaserk, Relanium, Veroshpiron, Seduxen, Diazepam are prescribed in such a way as a result of confusion in connection with problems in the work of the heart-vascular system, or in such cases, Tanakan, Betaserk, Relanium, Veroshpiron, Seduxen, Diazepam are prescribed. These preparations are available in any pharmacies. At that point, as if the confusion was stricken by turmoil, or by disorders of the mucosal-intestinal tract, then zastosovuyut: Festal, Mezim, Pancreatin, -shpa Ale. If the head is confused through the problems of the musculoskeletal apparatus, then the most common drug is Diclofenac, Ibuprofen, Ibuprom, Promethazine, Tagista.

Another way to understand how to correct confusion, it is also called “vertigo”. With such a state, all dovkol and people will be spinning, it is possible to step out of the carousel. In such a situation, I can turn for help likіv in the confusion of Betaserk. Such a camp is talking about the loss of the vestibular apparatus. It is not safe, if the confusion is accompanied by weakness at once, it can be evidence of oncological or infectious diseases.

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1. Aurobindo Pharma (India)

2. Catalent Germany (Nimechchina) 900 05
3. Kusum Healthcare (India)

4. Merckle (Nimechchina)

5. Mylan Lab . (France)

6. Schwabe (Nimechchyna)

7. Astrapharm TOV (Ukraine, Vyshneve)

8. an)

9. Darnytsya PAT (Ukraine, Kiev)

10. PAT Kiev vitamin plant (Ukraine, Kiev)

11. Farmak VAT (U Ukraine, Kiev)

12. Pharma Start TOV (Ukraine, Kiev)

13. Farmeks Grup TOV (Ukraina,Borispіl)

Not found

Product form

1. Tablets prescription

   brand

   1. Betagis

   2. Betagistin

   3. Betaserc

   4. Validol

      900 12

   5. Vertinex

   6. Vestibo

   7. Vestinorm

   8. Maxgistin

   9. 9013 8 Memoplant

   10. Phenibut

   11. Cinnarizine

   Not known

   Designated

   1. For pain

   2. For heart health

   3. For ships

   Pack quantity

   1. 10

   2. 20

   3. 30

   4. 50

   5. 60

   6. 90

   7. 100

   Not found

   Head medicine

   1. Betagis

   2. Betagistin

   3. Betaserc

   4. 901 38 Validol

   5. Vertinex

   6. Vestibo

   7. Vestinorm

   8. Maxgistin

      9 0012

   9. Memoplant

   10. Cynarizine

   Not known

   Expanded supply

   What kind of brandy products are the most popular drugs?

   What are the cheapest products in this category Medicines for confusion?

   The most popular products of the category Drugs in case of confusion?

   What is the price for drugs in the form of confusion?

   Variety of all products in the category Preparations by type of confusion vary from 13.