What are the most effective fever reducers available over-the-counter. How do acetaminophen and NSAIDs compare for treating fever. What are the potential side effects and warnings for common fever-reducing medications. How to safely use fever reducers in adults and children.

Understanding Fever and Treatment Options

When faced with a fever, many people reach for over-the-counter medications to find relief. But with numerous options available, it’s crucial to understand which medicines are most effective for lowering fever and how to use them safely. This comprehensive guide explores the main types of fever reducers, their mechanisms of action, and important considerations for their use.

Acetaminophen: A Common Fever Reducer

Acetaminophen is one of the most widely used medications for reducing fever and alleviating pain. While its exact mechanism of action is not fully understood, it is believed to work by altering the body’s pain perception and helping to cool the body.

Forms and Brand Names of Acetaminophen

Acetaminophen is available in various forms to suit different needs and preferences:

• Tablets (regular and extended-release)
• Chewable tablets
• Disintegrating tablets
• Capsules
• Liquid solutions or suspensions
• Syrups
• Rectal suppositories

Common brand names containing acetaminophen include Tylenol, Feverall, and Mapap.

Side Effects and Warnings for Acetaminophen

While generally safe when used as directed, acetaminophen can cause side effects in some individuals. These may include:

• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Sleep disturbances
• Allergic reactions
• Severe skin reactions (rare)

It’s crucial to be aware of the risk of overdose with acetaminophen. The maximum recommended daily dose for adults is 4,000 mg from all sources. Exceeding this limit can lead to severe liver damage, potentially resulting in liver failure or even death.

Can acetaminophen interact with alcohol? Yes, combining acetaminophen with alcohol consumption can increase the risk of liver damage. It’s advisable to avoid alcohol when taking acetaminophen, especially if you consume three or more alcoholic drinks per day.

NSAIDs: Alternative Fever-Reducing Medications

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are another class of medications effective in reducing fever. The most common NSAIDs used for fever reduction include ibuprofen, aspirin, and naproxen.

How NSAIDs Work to Lower Fever

NSAIDs work by inhibiting the production of prostaglandins, which are hormone-like substances that play a role in inflammation, pain, and fever. By reducing prostaglandin levels, NSAIDs help to lower body temperature and alleviate associated discomfort.

Comparing NSAIDs for Fever Reduction

While all NSAIDs can effectively reduce fever, they differ in their onset of action, duration of effect, and potential side effects:

• Ibuprofen: Fast-acting, lasts 4-6 hours
• Aspirin: Quick onset, lasts 4-6 hours (not recommended for children due to risk of Reye’s syndrome)
• Naproxen: Slower onset but longer-lasting (8-12 hours)

How do you choose between different NSAIDs for fever reduction? Consider factors such as the duration of effect needed, any pre-existing medical conditions, and potential drug interactions. Consult with a healthcare provider for personalized advice.

Comparing Acetaminophen and NSAIDs for Fever Treatment

When deciding between acetaminophen and NSAIDs for fever reduction, it’s important to consider their relative strengths and potential drawbacks:

Effectiveness in Reducing Fever

Both acetaminophen and NSAIDs are generally effective in lowering fever. Some studies suggest that ibuprofen may be slightly more effective than acetaminophen, particularly in children. However, the difference is often not clinically significant for most people.

Safety Profile and Side Effects

Acetaminophen is often considered safer for long-term use, as it has fewer gastrointestinal side effects compared to NSAIDs. However, it carries a greater risk of liver damage if taken in excessive amounts.

NSAIDs may cause stomach upset, ulcers, or bleeding, especially with prolonged use or in high doses. They can also affect kidney function and increase the risk of cardiovascular events in some individuals.

Additional Benefits

NSAIDs offer anti-inflammatory properties, which can be beneficial for conditions involving inflammation, such as arthritis or muscle sprains. Acetaminophen does not have significant anti-inflammatory effects but may be preferable for those with sensitive stomachs or a history of ulcers.

Safe Use of Fever Reducers in Children

Treating fever in children requires special considerations to ensure safety and effectiveness:

Age-Appropriate Dosing

Always follow age-specific dosing instructions provided on the medication label or by a healthcare provider. Dosing is typically based on the child’s weight rather than age.

Alternating Medications

In some cases, healthcare providers may recommend alternating between acetaminophen and ibuprofen to manage persistent fevers. This approach should only be used under professional guidance.

Aspirin Precautions

Aspirin is not recommended for children or teenagers due to the risk of Reye’s syndrome, a rare but serious condition that can affect the liver and brain.

What are the signs that a child’s fever requires medical attention? Seek medical care if the fever is accompanied by severe symptoms, persists for more than three days, or occurs in infants younger than 3 months old.

Non-Medicinal Approaches to Fever Management

While medications can be effective in reducing fever, there are also non-pharmacological methods that can help manage fever symptoms:

• Rest and hydration: Encourage plenty of fluids and rest to support the body’s natural healing processes.
• Cool compresses: Applying a cool, damp cloth to the forehead, wrists, or back of the neck can help lower body temperature.
• Lukewarm baths: A tepid bath can help cool the body, but avoid cold water as it can cause shivering, which may raise body temperature.
• Lightweight clothing: Dress in light, breathable fabrics to allow heat to dissipate more easily.
• Maintain a comfortable room temperature: Keep the environment cool but not cold to aid in temperature regulation.

How can you determine if these non-medicinal approaches are sufficient for managing a fever? Monitor temperature regularly and observe overall symptoms. If the fever persists or worsens despite these measures, consider using medication or consulting a healthcare provider.

When to Seek Medical Attention for a Fever

While most fevers can be managed at home, certain situations warrant medical attention:

• Very high fever (above 103째F or 39.4째C in adults)
• Fever lasting more than three days
• Fever accompanied by severe headache, stiff neck, or confusion
• Signs of dehydration
• Fever in infants younger than 3 months
• Fever in individuals with compromised immune systems or chronic medical conditions

Are there specific fever patterns that indicate a more serious underlying condition? Yes, certain fever patterns, such as periodic fevers or fevers that spike and drop dramatically, may suggest specific illnesses or conditions that require medical evaluation.

Understanding Fever’s Role in the Body

While fever can be uncomfortable, it’s important to recognize that it serves a purpose in the body’s defense against infection:

The Immune Response

Fever is typically a sign that the immune system is actively fighting an infection. The elevated body temperature can inhibit the growth of some pathogens and enhance immune system function.

When to Let a Fever Run Its Course

In many cases, allowing a low-grade fever (up to 100.4째F or 38째C) to run its course without medication can be beneficial, as it supports the body’s natural defense mechanisms.

Balancing Comfort and Immune Function

The decision to treat a fever should balance the need for comfort with the potential benefits of the fever itself. Treatment is often more about managing discomfort than about the fever itself.

How does fever contribute to the body’s ability to fight infection? Elevated body temperature can enhance immune cell function, slow bacterial growth, and create an unfavorable environment for some viruses to replicate.

By understanding the various options for fever reduction and their appropriate use, individuals can make informed decisions about managing fever symptoms effectively and safely. Always consult with a healthcare provider for personalized advice, especially when dealing with persistent or severe fevers, or when treating young children or individuals with underlying health conditions.

Best Fever Reducers: Options and Helpful Information

Best Fever Reducers: Options and Helpful Information

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Medically reviewed by Mohamed Jalloh — By University of Illinois — Updated on March 8, 2019

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Introduction

When you or your child has a fever, you want something that works quickly and works well. But with so many over-the-counter (OTC) medications available, it can be tough to know which one is best for you.

You can choose between two main types of OTC fever reducers: acetaminophen and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). NSAIDs include ibuprofen, aspirin, and naproxen. In general, no particular one of these fever-reducing drugs is better than the others. Instead, you should compare the drug forms, side effects, and other factors to choose a fever reducer that will work well for you or your child. Here’s what you need to know to make an informed decision.

Acetaminophen is a fever reducer and a pain reliever. It’s not fully understood how this drug works. Acetaminophen doesn’t decrease swelling or inflammation. Instead, it likely changes the way your body senses pain. It also helps cool your body to bring your fever down.

Forms and brand-name versions

Acetaminophen comes in several forms. These include:

• tablets
• extended-release tablets
• chewable tablets
• disintegrating tablets
• capsules
• liquid solution or suspension
• syrup

You take any of these forms by mouth. Acetaminophen is also available as a rectal suppository.

Common brand-name drugs that contain acetaminophen include Tylenol, Feverall, and Mapap.

Find acetaminophen online.

Side effects

When taken as directed, acetaminophen is generally safe and well-tolerated. However, in some cases, it can cause side effects such as:

• nausea
• vomiting
• trouble sleeping
• allergic reaction
• serious skin reactions, including severe rash

Warnings

Overdose

Because acetaminophen is found in many over-the-counter medications, it’s easy to take too much of it. That makes overdose a concern. You should not take more than 4,000 mg of acetaminophen in a 24-hour period.

This limit includes acetaminophen from all sources, including over-the-counter and prescription forms. Other common OTC drugs that contain acetaminophen include Alka-Seltzer Plus, Dayquil, Nyquil, Excedrin, Robitussin, and Sudafed. To be safe, avoid taking more than one product that contains acetaminophen at a time.

In case of overdose, call your local poison control center or 911 right away.

Liver damage

If you take too much acetaminophen, it can also cause liver damage. In severe cases, this can lead to liver failure, the need for a liver transplant, or death. Again, only take one medication that contains acetaminophen at a time, and always carefully follow the dosage instructions on the medication package.

Alcohol

Taking acetaminophen and drinking alcohol can also cause liver damage. In general, you should not take acetaminophen if you have three or more drinks that contain alcohol every day.

Extended fever or drug reaction

Stop taking acetaminophen if your fever gets worse or lasts more than three days. Also stop using it if you develop new symptoms such as skin redness or swelling. In these cases, call your doctor right away. They could be a signs of a more serious condition.

Drug interactions

Acetaminophen can interact with other drugs. An interaction is when a substance changes the way a drug works. This can be harmful or prevent the drug from working well. Examples of drugs that can cause dangerous interactions when used with acetaminophen include:

• warfarin, a blood thinner
• isoniazid, a tuberculosis drug
• certain seizure medications such as carbamazepine and phenytoin

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) include drugs such as:

• ibuprofen
• aspirin
• naproxen

NSAIDs help decrease inflammation, pain, and fever. They do this by blocking the body’s production of a substance called prostaglandin. This substance promotes inflammation and fever by causing the release of various chemical signals in your body.

Forms and brand-name versions

Ibuprofen

Ibuprofen comes in several forms. These include:

• tablets
• chewable tablets
• capsules
• liquid suspension

You take ibuprofen by mouth. Common brand-name products that contain ibuprofen include Advil and Motrin.

Shop for ibuprofen on Amazon.

Aspirin

Aspirin comes in these forms:

• tablets
• delayed-release tablets
• chewable tablets
• gum

You take any of these forms by mouth. Aspirin also comes as a rectal suppository. Common brand-name products that contain aspirin include Bayer Aspirin and Ecotrin.

Purchase aspirin here.

Naproxen

Naproxen comes in these forms:

• tablets
• delayed-release tablets
• capsules
• liquid suspension

You take naproxen by mouth. A common brand-name product that contains naproxen is Aleve.

Find naproxen online.

Side effects

The most common side effect of NSAIDs is an upset stomach. To help prevent stomach upset, take ibuprofen or naproxen with food or milk. You can take aspirin with food or a full glass of water.

NSAIDs can also have more serious side effects. The more serious side effects of ibuprofen or naproxen can include:

• stomach problems such as bleeding and ulcers
• heart problems such as heart attack and stroke
• kidney problems

The more serious side effects of aspirin can include:

• stomach problems such as bleeding and ulcers
• allergic reactions, with symptoms such as:
  • breathing trouble
  • wheezing
  • swelling of face
  • hives
  • shock

Warnings

Talk with your doctor before taking an NSAID if any of these warnings pertain to you.

History of heart disease

If you have a history of heart disease, you have increased risk of heart attack or stroke when taking ibuprofen or naproxen. The risk is still higher if you take more of these medications than directed or if you take them for a long time.

History of stomach ulcers or bleeding problems

If this applies to you, you have an increased risk of ulcers or bleeding when taking ibuprofen or naproxen. The risk is still higher if you:

• take these medications for a long time
• take other medications that contain NSAIDs
• take any blood thinner drugs or steroids
• are 60 years or older

Extended fever or drug reaction

There are several instances that indicate you should not continue to treat your fever with an NSAID. Stop taking NSAIDs if:

• your fever gets worse or lasts more than three days
• you develop any new symptoms
• you have skin redness or swelling
• you have ringing in your ears or hearing loss
• you have signs of a stomach bleed

Signs of stomach bleeding include:

• faintness
• blood in your vomit or vomit that looks like coffee grounds
• bloody or black stools
• stomach pain that does not improve

Stop taking the drug and call your doctor if you have any of these symptoms. These effects could be signs of a more serious condition.

Alcohol

If you have three or more drinks that contain alcohol per day, you’re at higher risk of ulcers or bleeding when taking ibuprofen, aspirin, or naproxen. Taking NSAIDs and drinking alcohol can cause severe stomach problems.

Problems in children

Avoid using aspirin in children and adolescents who are younger than 12 years and are recovering from chickenpox or flu symptoms.

Call your child’s doctor right away if your child has nausea and vomiting along with certain behavior changes. These include aggressive behavior, confusion, or loss of energy. These behavior changes may be early signs of a rare condition called Reye’s syndrome. If left untreated, Reye’s syndrome can be life-threatening.

Learn more about why aspirin and children don’t mix: Reye’s syndrome »

Drug interactions

NSAIDs can interact with other medications you may be taking. For example, NSAIDs can interact with:

• warfarin, a blood thinner
• celecoxib, another NSAID
• cyclosporine, a drug that weakens your immune system
• diuretics and other medications to treat high blood pressure

Fever reducers can affect people of different ages differently. Follow these age guidelines to help determine which fever reducer is best for you or your child.

Adults (ages 18 years and older)

Acetaminophen, ibuprofen, naproxen, and aspirin are generally safe for reducing fever in adults.

Children (ages 4-17 years)

Acetaminophen and ibuprofen are generally safe for reducing fever in children who are 4-17 years old.

Do not give aspirin to children unless your doctor says it’s okay.

Naproxen is safe in children ages 12 years and older. If your child is younger than 12 years of age, talk to your doctor before giving your child naproxen.

Children (ages 3 years and younger)

Acetaminophen and ibuprofen are generally safe for reducing fever in young children. However, be sure to talk to your child’s doctor first if your child is younger than 2 years.

Do not give aspirin to young children unless your doctor says it’s okay.

For infants younger than 3 months, call your doctor first before giving any medication.

When choosing a fever reducer, you have a few options. Acetaminophen, ibuprofen, naproxen, and aspirin can each help treat a fever. They each come with their own unique considerations, including what drugs they interact with, who they’re safe to treat, and their possible side effects. While there is no one best fever reducer, there may be a fever reducer that is the best option for you. Consider the information in this article carefully to make a healthy choice.

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Answers represent the opinions of our medical experts. All content is strictly informational and should not be considered medical advice.

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Last medically reviewed on July 29, 2016

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Healthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical associations. We avoid using tertiary references. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our editorial policy.

• Acetaminophen – acetaminophen tablet, coated. (2012, December)
  dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=e4cfbe12-d712-4ca6-8400-14eec2eca019
• Advil – ibuprofen sodium tablet, coated. (2015, September)
  dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=5be198b8-396e-4b44-8819-e2e3b5d2ad0e
• Advil – ibuprofen capsule, liquid filled. (2016, June)
  dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=1f01c10a-9434-91a4-2ee4-352315a6b610
• Aspirin 325 MG – aspirin tablet. (2016, February)
  dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=28c48336-c238-0141-e054-00144ff8d46c
• Motrin IB – ibuprofen tablet, film coated. (2015, September)
  dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=5bca517f-94a5-428c-b716-80c6b0b86980
• U.S. National Library of Medicine. (2014, August). Acetaminophen
  nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/meds/a681004.html
• U. S. National Library of Medicine. (2016, June). Aspirin
  nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/meds/a682878.html
• U.S. National Library of Medicine. (2015, September). Ibuprofen
  nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/meds/a682159.html

Our experts continually monitor the health and wellness space, and we update our articles when new information becomes available.

Current Version

Mar 8, 2019

Written By

University of Illinois-Chicago

Edited By

Juan Armstrong

Jul 29, 2016

Medically Reviewed By

Mohamed Jalloh

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Medically reviewed by Mohamed Jalloh — By University of Illinois — Updated on March 8, 2019

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Medication for fever: Options to consider

Two over-the-counter (OTC) options can help reduce a fever. They are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen (Advil), and acetaminophen (Tylenol).

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) defines a fever as any temperature at 100.4ºF (38ºC) or above.

A fever is the immune system’s response to illness. It is an attempt to kill viruses and bacteria by raising the body’s temperature a few degrees.

While it is a natural process, it can be uncomfortable and become dangerous if a person’s temperature becomes too high.

Medications for fever do not treat the underlying condition causing the fever, but they can help reduce it and other symptoms of the illness.

People who are pregnant should consult a doctor before taking OTC medication for a fever. Parents and caregivers should also consult a doctor before administering any medications to a child.

This article outlines the medications available to treat a fever at home. It also discusses when to seek medical attention.

The following table provides a general overview of the medications a person can take to treat a fever. People should always check the medication label.

Ibuprofen is a type of NSAID sold under several brand names, including Advil and Motrin. It is a form of propionic acid and can help reduce fever as well as other symptoms, such as pain.

Depending on the dose, a person can get ibuprofen OTC at stores and pharmacies or via prescription. It comes in various forms, including tablets or capsules.

A 2022 article notes that people in their third trimester of pregnancy should not take ibuprofen.

Children can take ibuprofen, but parents and caregivers should speak with a pediatrician before giving them the medication.

Side effects

Side effects can include:

• constipation
• gas
• bloating
• diarrhea
• dizziness
• feeling nervous
• ringing in the ears

It can also cause nausea and vomiting.

Learn more about ibuprofen.

Naproxen is another type of NSAID, commonly sold under the brand name Aleve. Similar to ibuprofen, it is a form of propionic acid and can treat additional symptoms other than a fever.

A person can take naproxen sodium as a tablet or capsule. Liquid forms are available for younger children, although a parent or caregiver should talk with the child’s doctor first.

People who are in their third trimester of pregnancy should not take naproxen.

Side effects

Side effects can include:

• gas
• constipation
• dizziness
• headache
• excessive thirst
• drowsiness
• dizziness
• lightheadedness
• symptoms of a cold
• ringing in the ears
• sleeping difficulties
• hearing problems
• a burning or tingling sensation in the legs and arms

Learn more about naproxen.

Aspirin is another common form of NSAID that consists of acetylated salicylates. A common brand name is Bayer. This medication comes in several different formulas, including regular strength, and different forms such as tablets.

Caregivers should not give aspirin to children or teens without first consulting a doctor. A 2022 article notes an association between taking aspirin and the development of Reye’s syndrome, which can be fatal.

People who are pregnant should speak with a doctor before taking aspirin.

Side effects

Side effects include:

• nausea
• heartburn
• vomiting
• stomach pain

Learn more about aspirin.

Acetaminophen, commonly sold under the brand name Tylenol, is a non-opioid analgesic and antipyretic agent to treat pain and fever. Companies often add acetaminophen to other medications that treat allergies, colds, flu, and other medical conditions.

Acetaminophen is available OTC or as a prescription.

For teenagers and adults, it commonly comes in the form of tablets and capsules. Younger children may be able to take it in a liquid form, but caregivers should speak with a paediatrician first.

Side effects

The United Kingdom’s National Health Service (NHS) states that side effects are rare in adults and children if a person takes the correct dose.

However, in rare cases, a person can experience an allergic reaction.

In some cases, NSAIDs can lead to serious adverse effects, including problems affecting the liver, heart, and blood circulation.

Compared to prescription-strength medications, OTC NSAIDs typically cause fewer side effects.

Acetaminophen can lead to liver failure or other issues with the liver.

People can also experience an allergic reaction to fever-reducing medications. People should seek medical help if they experience:

• rash
• inflamed, peeling, or blistering skin
• itching
• hives
• hoarse voice
• difficulty swallowing
• difficulty breathing
• swelling of the face, tongue, throat, lips, hands, feet, eyes, lower legs, or ankles

A person should take fever-reducing medications only as a medical professional advises.

There are several formulas of NSAIDs and acetaminophen with differing doses. A person should follow the instructions on the packaging and pay attention to the maximum number of doses allowed in 24 hours.

When treating an underlying condition, a person should follow the doctor’s recommendations regarding how much to take and when to take it.

A person should also be mindful of other medications that may contain acetaminophen. Companies often mix it with other ingredients to create OTC medications for colds, flu, and other issues.

Can a person take acetaminophen and NSAIDs at the same time?

A person can take acetaminophen and ibuprofen at the same time.

Learn more about acetaminophen and ibuprofen.

A person may find that certain home remedies may help reduce their fever. Other options include:

• resting
• taking lukewarm baths
• drinking plenty of fluids
• wearing loose clothing

A fever breaks when a person’s temperature drops below 100.4ºF (38°C), but they may still feel ill due to the underlying condition. Dropping the fever can help alleviate some symptoms and help people feel better overall.

Learn more

Find out more about treating a fever:

• How to reduce a fever
• Treatment tips for breaking a fever
• What are the best home remedies for fever?
• How to bring down a fever in babies

A person should seek medical help if they are unable to lower the fever on their own or if they suspect a more serious underlying condition. They should also contact a doctor if:

• a person experiences worsening symptoms
• they have a weakened immune system
• they reach a fever of 104°F (40ºC) or higher
• they are concerned about a fever in a child or older adult

A person can take NSAIDs and acetaminophen to help treat a fever at home. These medications can also help to treat additional symptoms, such as pain.

A person should consult a doctor if their fever lasts longer than a few days, causes additional symptoms, or does not go down with medication.

How to reduce the temperature at home: antipyretic drugs

We talk about the main groups of antipyretic drugs: what are the pitfalls, what should not be used with certain drugs, why they are needed at all and whether it is possible to do without them.

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High fever is a frequent companion of diseases. When and how should it be brought down, and is it possible to do without drugs?

Contents of the article

Do not self-medicate! In our articles, we collect the latest scientific data and the opinions of authoritative health experts. But remember: only a doctor can diagnose and prescribe treatment.

An increase in temperature is a protective reaction of the body to serious external or internal stimuli, such as infections, poisoning with any toxins, inflammatory processes, and others. Normally, the temperature of the human body does not exceed 37.1 degrees Celsius, but during the period of illness it rises, and depending on how much, different types of temperature are distinguished:

• subfebrile – up to 37.9 degrees Celsius, does not require the use of antipyretics, usually accompanies sluggish inflammatory processes;
• febrile – from 38 to 38.9 degrees Celsius, the body actively fights irritants, many microorganisms cannot withstand such a temperature, so it should be brought down only if the patient clearly feels unwell;
• pyretic – from 39 to 41 degrees Celsius, the protective reaction is out of control, doctors recommend lowering this temperature so as not to overload the body systems;
• hyperpyretic – over 41 degrees, in this case the patient needs medical help, it is unlikely that he will be able to get off with conventional means. If the child has a temperature, an ambulance should be called already at 40 degrees.

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In general, raising the temperature is rather beneficial: firstly, as we have already said, many microbes do not like it, and secondly, it has been proven that in this way the body helps the immune system work – it hunts for irritants more efficiently. But, like everywhere else, there are nuances: in this mode, the load on the heart and nervous system may increase, and children may experience convulsions. The temperature still needs to be brought down, and not only when it is too high (38.5 degrees and above), but also earlier – if there is a possibility of convulsions or if the patient’s condition requires it. There are two main ways to reduce the temperature: take an antipyretic or use folk methods (however, the methods can be combined).

Best antipyretics for high fever

Almost all fever reducers are non-steroidal (meaning they are not hormonal) anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). In addition to fighting fever, they also reduce inflammation and reduce pain. Such a complex action allows the patient to feel better faster, because pains of various types are frequent companions of temperature. The only active substance commonly used in medicines with a different mechanism of action is paracetamol.

However, all antipyretics act in the same way: they affect the processes taking place in the hypothalamus, as a result of which less heat begins to form in the body, and more is released, due to which it, of course, cools down, and usually quite quickly – already after half an hour after taking a tablet, syrup or suppository, the temperature drops. Antipyretics are symptomatic treatment, they are not taken in courses, unlike other drugs, such as antibiotics. The purpose of fever-lowering drugs is to give temporary relief to a sick patient. At the same time, each of them has certain side effects, so when taking them, you need to weigh the pros and cons. Let’s talk about the main means used in Russia: about their action and some features. We note in advance that it is impossible to list all contraindications, side effects, interactions within the framework of this article, before using this or that drug, you need to read the instructions, and even better, consult a doctor who can weigh the risks for you personally. In addition, a particular person may have hypersensitivity to absolutely any drug or even be allergic to it, so even “banal” antipyretics should be used with caution at least the first time.

Paracetamol

There are many drugs with this active ingredient: panadol, calpol, tylenol, cefecon P, efferalgan – the list can be continued for a very long time. Paracetamol interacts with the hypothalamus, affecting the thermoregulatory center. This is one of the safest remedies, it can be used by both children and pregnant women, it helps to lower the temperature, thanks to it the pain subsides, but it does not fight inflammation very effectively. However, paracetamol is extremely common. The key recommendation of doctors when taking it is to follow the instructions in order to prevent an overdose.

Interaction: enhances the effect of coumarins, as well as drugs that harm the liver. Works worse with barbiturates. Some drugs may speed up or slow down absorption.

Contraindications: liver and kidney diseases, alcohol dependence.

Side effects: disruption of the circulatory system, kidneys, allergies.

Ibuprofen

Another drug that seems to be in all first aid kits. Demand for it is always stable (except perhaps during the coronavirus pandemic, for some time it was believed that ibuprofen should not be used for Covid-19 infection). Preparations with its content (a few examples) – nurofen, MIG, ibusan, bumidol. Ibuprofen, unlike paracetamol, also has an anti-inflammatory function – it weakens inflammatory processes, in addition, of course, it reduces the activity of thermoregulatory centers and drowns out pain. It works for a long time – up to 8 hours.

Interaction: reduces the effectiveness of acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin), enhances the action of an anticoagulant, should not be taken together with thrombolytics, barbiturates and ethanol, works worse with antacids, anesthetizes better in combination with caffeine.

Contraindications: Do not use in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy or while breastfeeding, gastrointestinal ulcers during exacerbation, asthma, kidney or liver dysfunction, certain diseases of the cardiovascular, circulatory system, skin.

Side effects: dysfunctions of ECT, liver, kidneys, allergies, reactions from the nervous system, circulatory system.

Acetylsalicylic acid

It is also the good old aspirin, as well as bufferin, mikristin, acylpyrine and others. Acetylsalicylic acid is useful not only for high temperature, inflammation and pain, but also for cardiovascular diseases. Like other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, it affects the centers of thermoregulation and pain sensitivity, reduces inflammation. This active substance primarily works as an antipyretic for adults.

Interaction: should not be used together with paracetamol, caffeine, ethanol, glucocorticoids, diuretics, diabetes drugs, works worse with antacids.

Contraindications: certain diseases of the cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal ulcers, acute liver or kidney failure. Do not take children, adolescents under 15 years of age, pregnant women with rare exceptions and breastfeeding.

Side effects: allergic reactions, disorders of the liver, gastrointestinal tract or kidneys, blood disorders.

Metamizole sodium

This name is not well known, but everyone knows the drug behind it – analgin (as well as baralgin M or optalgin). Basically, all these drugs are used as painkillers and sometimes anti-inflammatory, however, they also have antipyretic properties due to increased heat transfer. In many countries, the use of metamizole sodium has been questioned due to toxicity, but there is evidence that this toxicity occurs in people with a certain genetic defect.

Interaction: becomes stronger in combination with caffeine, codeine, barbiturates, toxic with antidepressants, oral contraceptives, should not be used with radiopaque agents. When injected, it must not be mixed with other drugs.

Contraindications: pregnancy, breast-feeding, impaired hematopoiesis, impaired liver and kidney function.

Side effects: allergy, hypotension, nephritis, blood diseases.

There are also a variety of medicines that combine several active ingredients at once. In this case, relief may come earlier, but, firstly, the side effects may be cumulative, and secondly, if the temperature needs to be brought down repeatedly, it may turn out that you have to choose between exceeding the daily dose (that is, the probable overdose) and the actual high temperature.

Paracetamol and ibuprofen-based single drugs are considered the most reliable and safe antipyretic drugs. If the regimen is followed, they have a minimum number of side effects, they can be used in the treatment of children, including infants, and these drugs have a lot of forms – syrups, suppositories, and tablets, so it is easy to choose a convenient method of use. Antipyretics are the easiest way to quickly reduce the temperature in an adult or child.

How to reduce the temperature at home without medication

If you suddenly find yourself somewhere where there is no pharmacy and you don’t have a supply of medicines with you, or you don’t want to use antipyretics for whatever reason, there are some folk methods of lowering the temperature. Perhaps they do this task more slowly than drugs specially designed for this purpose, but still they work.

• Rubbing with alcohol or vodka. Alcohol is diluted with water in a ratio of 1:1, vodka is used as is: moisten a cotton pad or a small towel with liquid and wipe the forehead, armpits, back of the hands. This should increase heat transfer (although some doctors doubt the effectiveness of the method). Not allowed for children.
• Rubbing with vinegar. Vinegar 9% is taken, diluted in proportion to a tablespoon per half liter of water. The solution can wipe the patient as a whole (for children – only the legs), for adults – make a compress on the head.
• Wiping with water.
• Tea with raspberries, cranberries, currants or juice from these berries also have anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties. If we talk about decoctions – calendula, lime blossom, birch buds, oregano.
• Cool or cold plentiful drink.
• Cold water compresses.

Here are some more video tips:

If the temperature does not decrease with either folk remedies or antipyretic drugs, you should consult a doctor, this is especially important if the patient is a child, as children tolerate high temperatures worse. However, it is not useful for an adult to lie down for several days with a temperature of over 40 degrees, so medical assistance should not be neglected.

Temperature pills effective and inexpensive

THERE ARE CONTRAINDICATIONS. POSSIBLE SIDE EFFECTS. A SPECIALIST’S CONSULTATION IS NECESSARY. Antipyretic for adults Antipyretic for children Antipyretic suppositories Antipyretic syrups revna,

Diploma of pharmaceutical education: 105924 1197876, reg. number 30353

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Article contents

• To reduce temperature
• From high temperature
• Sources
• Ask an expert on the topic of the article

The temperature of a healthy person is kept within 36-37 degrees. When it rises, we begin to worry and try to bring it down. And alas, we often do it in vain.

An increase in temperature is a protective reaction of the body. This means that the internal mechanisms of immunity have turned on, aimed at fighting the disease and recovering. Of course, in the following situations, it is necessary to lower the temperature above 38 degrees:

• in infants under 2 months
• in children with a history of high fever accompanied by convulsions
• in children with lung and heart disease
• in adult patients who do not tolerate fever, have chronic diseases
• in the elderly

For other adults, according to the WHO recommendation, the temperature should be lowered only at values ​​above 38.5 degrees.

Pharmacist Natalya Zotina tells in her article about effective pills that lower the temperature in adults. Children are prescribed antipyretics, usually in the form of syrups and suppositories: Panadol syrup, Viburkol homeopathic suppositories, Cefekon D suppositories

Fever lowering

Two groups of drugs have the ability to lower fever: antipyretics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

Antipyretic analgesics are known to all Paracetamol, Analgin and combination products containing them. Analgin effectively relieves pain and inflammation, but has an average antipyretic effect. In addition, the drug has a bad effect on the composition of the blood. Now tablets with analgin are practically not used for fever. But emergency care uses an analgin solution for injection in combination with diphenhydramine and papaverine for emergency help with high fever.

Another drug – Paracetamol – is considered one of the safest drugs and is approved for use in children from 3 months, pregnant and lactating women. It has a pronounced antipyretic and analgesic effect, helps with headaches. Effervescent soluble tablets with paracetamol are released to achieve a quick effect and ease of use. Paracetamol should not be combined with alcoholic beverages due to the high risk of toxic liver damage.

List of paracetamol tablets:

• Panadol
• Efferalgan
• Antigrippin (combination with ascorbic acid and chlorphenamine)
• Pentalgin NEO (combination with naproxen and caffeine)

All products Antigrippin

18 reviews

All products Panadol

20 reviews

All products Efferalgan

5 reviews

All products Pentalgin Neo

10 reviews

For high fever

Consider pills from the temperature from the second group – NSAIDs. These include drugs, which include acetylsalicylic acid and ibuprofen. They quickly reduce the temperature and have an anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect.

Aspirin or acetylsalicylic acid is a well-known and effective medicine. The antipyretic effect of aspirin occurs within 15 minutes after taking the pill. But the drug has many contraindications. Aspirin is prohibited for acute respiratory viral infections in children under 15 years of age, with bronchial asthma, with exacerbation of gastrointestinal diseases, liver failure and problems with blood clotting.

Ibuprofen is an antipyretic drug with proven efficacy and safety. It has a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect. Reduces temperature up to 8 hours. Children’s forms of ibuprofen are allowed for children from 3 months.

The use of the drug is not recommended in the I and II trimester of pregnancy, and in the III – it is prohibited. The drug, like aspirin, should not be used for diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

Do not take ibuprofen and aspirin at the same time. This will not affect the antipyretic effect, but it will increase the risk of adverse reactions.

List of popular tablets containing acetylsalicylic acid

ibuprofen :

• Nurofen
• Nurofast
• MIG 400
• Ibuklin (combination with paracetamol)

Which tablets are better to take at high temperature? The World Health Organization recommends preparations with ibuprofen and paracetamol.

Patients sometimes ask if a person with a fever can use inhalers and nebulizers? Yes, you can. This reduces the time of illness, including the temperature period.

All products of Nurofen

15 reviews

All products of Aspirin

20 reviews

All products of Mig

20 reviews

All products of Upsarin Upsa

5 reviews

Most drugstore antipyretics are sold without a prescription.