Hernia Surgery (Herniorrhaphy) | Hernia Repair

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Laparoscopic, Robotic, and Complex Hernia Surgery for Inguinal Hernia, Umbilical Hernia, and Other Types of Hernias

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Overview

Duke hernia surgeons are experts in repairing all types of hernias, including common inguinal hernias in the groin, umbilical hernias in the belly button, and incisional hernias that develop from surgical scars. We successfully repair recurrent hernias in people who have undergone failed surgeries elsewhere and were told nothing more can be done.

Our hernia surgeons are skilled in all approaches to hernia surgery (herniorrhaphy), including minimally invasive techniques such as laparoscopic or robotic hernia surgery and complex hernia surgery such as component separations and abdominal wall reconstruction. We assess your condition and recommend pre-surgical treatment plans when appropriate to ensure you are prepared for hernia surgery. We help you return to pain-free health as quickly as possible.

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Experts in Treating all Types of Hernias

Content

Hernias occur when a weak spot or hole develops in muscle or tissue. Ventral hernias include any hernia that protrudes through a gap in the abdominal wall. Incisional hernias occur at an incision site or surgical scar following abdominal surgery.

The most common type of hernia is an inguinal hernia, also known as a groin hernia. It occurs when abdominal tissue pushes through the lower abdominal wall, near the groin. They are more likely to occur in men.

Women are more likely to get an umbilical hernia. It occurs when tissue or muscle pushes through the belly button. Multiple pregnancies, being overweight, straining, and other factors can increase your likelihood of having an umbilical hernia. The same factors cause women to be more likely to develop a femoral hernia in the upper part of the thigh, near the groin.

Hiatal hernias occur when the stomach and other abdominal organs enter the chest area through a naturally occurring hole in the diaphragm.

When to Seek Hernia Treatment
Seek expert medical care when a bulge in your abdomen or groin causes pain and discomfort.   Hernias cannot heal on their own. They sometimes require immediate care to prevent further damage such as bowel obstruction. Getting hernia surgery now can prevent the need for more complex surgery in the future.

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Duke Health offers locations throughout the Triangle. Find one near you.

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Diagnosing Hernias and Pre-Surgical Care

Physical Exam and Imaging Tests

Description

The first step will be a physical exam. Your surgeon will visually and physically assess the hernia to evaluate its location and size.  You will be asked questions to understand your symptoms. CT scans and ultrasounds may be ordered to determine the size and location of your hernia accurately. This information will help us create your treatment plan.

Controlling Risk Factors that Can Cause Complications

Description

During the initial assessment, we review your medical history to assess your risk for complications during and following surgery. Certain factors, including diabetes, smoking, and obesity can increase your risk for infection and hernia recurrence and affect how quickly you recover from hernia surgery.

Pre-Surgical Conditioning

Description

We may refer you to our smoking cessation and/or weight management program if appropriate. These teams of experts can help you lose weight and stop smoking to decrease your risk for complications and improve your candidacy for surgery.

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Choosing the Right Approach to Your Hernia Surgery

Treatments Overview

Your hernia surgeon will determine the best approach for your hernia surgery that will increase the likelihood you have a positive outcome and decrease your risk of complications and hernia recurrence. Our hernia surgeons are experts in the following types of hernia surgery.

Laparoscopic or Robotic (Minimally Invasive) Hernia Surgery

Description

When appropriate, small incisions may be used that cause less pain and help you recover faster. A laparoscope is a thin tube with a small camera at the tip. It is passed through small incisions made in the abdomen. Tiny instruments are passed through separate small incisions to repair the hernia. In some cases, your surgeon may perform robotic hernia surgery. Using a robotic device allows your hernia surgeon to reach the hernia and perform complicated hernia operations with more precision and better visualization.

Open Hernia Surgery

Description

When larger, complex hernias are present or risk factors and complications are a concern, larger incisions may be necessary. This is referred to as open hernia surgery.

Component Separation

Description

This advanced procedure is used to repair large abdominal wall hernias. The surgeon will rearrange the muscles of the abdominal wall to eliminate the weakness. This technique can minimize the risk of recurrence in complex hernias. 

Hernia Surgery Recovery

Description

Hernia operations can be simple or complex. They may be minimally invasive and require no overnight hospital stay or a very brief overnight recovery. Or they may require larger incisions and a longer hospital stay. Your recovery will be equally variable. It will depend on your hernia type, size, and location; whether you’ve had past surgeries and known risk factors for complications; and whether hernia mesh is used.  Your surgeon will discuss all of these options with you at your preoperative visit.

Best Hospital for Gastroenterology and GI Surgery in NC

Where you receive your care matters. Duke University Hospital is proud of our team and the exceptional care they provide. They are why our gastroenterology and GI surgery program is nationally ranked, and the highest-ranked program in North Carolina, according to U.S. News & World Report for 2022–2023.

Using Hernia Mesh in Surgery

Content

Hernia mesh is frequently used in surgery to strengthen and reinforce the hernia repair and decrease the risk of hernia recurrence. Hernia mesh can be associated with complications, including an increased risk of pain and infection; however, these complications are uncommon when hernia mesh is used by an experienced hernia surgeon.

We Lower Your Risk of Hernia Mesh Complications
Our pre-surgical evaluation identifies people who may be at risk for complications associated with hernia mesh. Being obese, smoking, having diabetes, and having known wound complications are all risk factors. If you have one or more of these risk factors, we work with you to reduce your risk for complications to ensure you have a positive outcome after hernia surgery.

This page was medically reviewed on 03/13/2023 by

Jacob A. Greenberg, MD
| Hernia Surgeon

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What type of doctor performs a hernia surgery?

A primary care doctor can diagnose and treat many hernias at an early stage. Ideally, surgery is the best treatment for hernia. General surgeons and pediatric surgeons repair hernias. General surgeons who are specialized in the surgical treatment of abdominal conditions such as appendicitis, hernias, and diseases of the gallbladder, stomach, & intestines can perform the surgery depending on the location of hernia. Pediatric surgeons specialized in the surgical care of illness, injury and disability in infants, premature infants, adolescents and newborns can also perform hernia repair.

Is hernia surgery considered major surgery?

Hernia repair or hernia surgery is a common yet important surgery with potential risks and possible complications. The surgeon will make an incision and reposition the displaced tissue or organ in the correct position. After the surgery, the doctor seals the incision with stitches which are used to strengthen the tissues around the weak area. A more common technique is to insert a mesh patch to cover and strengthen a weak area of muscle or tissue.

How long does a hernia operation take?

Inguinal hernia repair or hernia surgery can be done with open surgery or laparoscopic (or keyhole) surgery. The doctor will instruct the patient on when to eat and drink before the operation. The surgery usually takes between 30 and 45 minutes and the patient can usually go home the same day. Some patients with other medical problems may have to stay the whole night in the hospital.

How painful is hernia repair surgery?

After the surgery of hernia repair, the patient may feel pain for a few days. The individual can also have symptoms such as influenza (flu), low fever, stomach upset etc. which is quite normal after the surgery. It ideally takes 7 days for a patient to recover completely after the hernia surgery.

What happens if a hernia is left untreated?

Hernias cannot heal on their own; if left untreated they can usually become bigger and painful. In some cases, they may pose serious health risks. If the protruding wall of the intestine is closed, it can cause a strangulated hernia. This is a life-threatening medical condition where a part of the fatty tissue or the small intestine protrudes through the weakest area of the abdominal muscles. The surrounding muscle contracts around the tissue, cutting off the blood supply to the small intestine which requires emergency surgery.

therapist, orthopedist, traumatologist, neuropathologist, osteopath or surgeon?

Contents

• 1 Which doctor treats spinal hernia: therapist, orthopedist, traumatologist, neuropathologist, osteopath or surgeon?
  • 1.1 Who treats spinal hernia?
  • 1.2 Different doctors can help with spinal hernia
  • 1. 3 Who is the first to detect spinal hernia?
  • 1.4 What is a spinal hernia?
  • 1.5 Which doctor treats spinal hernia?
    • 1.5.1 A therapist can help
  • 1.6 An orthopedist can help
  • 1.7 A traumatologist can help
  • 1.8 A neurologist can help
  • 1.9 An osteopath can help help
  • 1.10 A surgeon can help
  • 1.11 Treatment of spinal hernia
  • 1.12 Video on the subject:
  • 1.13 Question-answer:
    • • 1.13.0.1 Which doctor diagnoses spinal hernia?
      • 1.13.0.2 What are the treatments for spinal hernia?
      • 1.13.0.3 What complications can arise from spinal hernia?
      • 1.13.0.4 Is it possible to avoid surgery for spinal hernia?
      • 1.13.0.5 How is spinal hernia surgery performed?
      • 1.13.0.6 How to choose a doctor for the treatment of spinal hernia?

Who treats spinal hernia – a therapist, orthopedist, traumatologist, neuropathologist, osteopath or surgeon? Find out the details on our website. Detailed information about specialists and methods of hernia treatment.

Spinal disc herniation is a serious condition that can lead to impaired movement, pain and limitation of normal life. Treatment of spinal hernia should be complex and requires an individual approach to each patient.

However, before starting treatment, you need to decide which doctor to contact. Some people may find the answer to this question quite difficult, since a spinal hernia can be treated by several specialists: an internist, orthopedist, traumatologist, neuropathologist, osteopath, or surgeon.

In addition, each doctor applies his own approach to the treatment of spinal hernia, based on his knowledge and experience, the choice of a specialist can affect the outcome of the treatment. This article will discuss the role and competence of each specialist and recommendations for choosing a doctor for the treatment of spinal hernia.

Who treats spinal hernia?

Spinal disc herniation is a common condition in which the soft tissue between the vertebrae comes out of place. Treatment for spinal hernia can range from conservative therapy to surgical interventions.

If conservative treatment does not give the expected results, then a traumatologist or neuropathologist may go to the patient. They may suggest a number of other procedures, such as nerve blocks, electrical stimulation, or spinal traction.

In more severe cases where conservative treatment fails or the herniation severely compresses the spinal cord, surgery may be necessary. The specialist surgeon in this field is an orthopedic surgeon. He may perform a discectomy, laminectomy, or microdiscectomy, which can help reposition the herniated disc and relieve pressure on the spinal cord.

• As a result, the answer to the question “Who treats spinal hernia?” depends on many factors – on the type of hernia, the degree of its development, the individual characteristics of the patient, etc. Therapist, orthopedist, traumatologist, neuropathologist, osteopath and surgeon can all take part in the treatment of spinal hernia, depending on the individual situation.

Spinal herniation can be treated by different doctors

Spinal herniation is a serious condition that can lead to restricted movement and pain in various parts of the body. Treatment of a spinal hernia can be carried out by several specialists, depending on the stage of the disease and its characteristics.

1. The therapist can help a patient with an initial hernia of the spine by prescribing medication and a set of exercises to strengthen the back muscles.
2. Orthopedist deals with the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the musculoskeletal system, including spinal hernia. He may also recommend posture correction and the wearing of special orthopedic products.
3. Traumatologist deals with the treatment of injuries of bones, joints and ligaments, including the treatment of spinal hernia. He may recommend wearing a corset and massage.
4. Neurologist deals with the treatment of diseases of the nervous system. He can help spinal herniation by treating neurological symptoms and prescribing medications to reduce pain and inflammation.
5. The surgeon can help when conservative treatment fails. An operation may be required for a severe spinal hernia, when there is a threat of compression of the spinal cord or nerve roots.

It is important to see a specialist when you notice the first signs of spinal herniation, because the sooner treatment is started, the greater the chance of a cure without surgery.

Who is the first to detect a spinal hernia?

Spinal disc herniation is a serious disease that requires qualified treatment. However, not everyone knows which doctor specializes in this disease and who should be contacted first when it is detected.

However, if the spinal hernia is severe and accompanied by pain, then it is necessary to consult a surgeon. The surgeon may prescribe surgery or other treatments to help get rid of the disease.

• Therapist is the first person to be consulted at the first symptoms of spinal hernia.
• An orthopedist specializes in the treatment of diseases of the musculoskeletal system, and can prescribe treatment and recommendations to reduce the load on the spine.
• A neuropathologist deals with the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of diseases of the nervous system, including the treatment of pain caused by spinal hernia.
• Surgeon – specializes in surgical intervention and often prescribes surgical treatment in cases of severe hernia.

In general, the detection and treatment of spinal hernia depends on its severity and symptoms, as well as the general health of the patient. Therefore, it is necessary to contact specialist doctors who will prescribe the correct treatment and recommendations.

What is spinal hernia?

Spinal herniation is a disease that is associated with the protrusion of the intervertebral disc beyond the intervertebral foramen. This disease can manifest itself in different ways, depending on which part of the spine it occurs. Most often, a hernia of the spine occurs in the lumbar region and cervical spine.

To start the treatment of spinal hernia, you need to contact a specialist and establish an accurate diagnosis. Most often, conservative treatment is prescribed for the treatment of spinal hernia, including physiotherapy, drug therapy, massage, etc., but in some cases, surgical intervention may be required.

Which doctor treats spinal hernia?

A therapist can help

If you are experiencing mild lower back pain and notice a slight bulge in your disc, the first person you can see is a therapist.

The therapist will also provide advice on keeping the spine healthy, such as specific exercises and advice on proper body position during daily activities.

• The therapist will diagnose and prescribe medication.
• Will order an MRI for a more accurate assessment of the condition.
• May give pain medication or injections.
• Provides advice on keeping your spine healthy.

An orthopedist can help.

If you have problems with your spine, you have probably thought about visiting a doctor. Who better to turn to: a therapist, orthopedist, traumatologist, neuropathologist, osteopath or surgeon?

Although many specialists can help treat spinal herniation, orthopedists are the most suitable doctors for the task. They specialize in the treatment of diseases of the musculoskeletal system, including problems with the spine. Orthopedists use a variety of treatments, including conservative treatment, physical therapy, and surgical treatment if needed.

A podiatrist can also help you manage your pain symptoms and teach you how to prevent recurring spinal problems. While other specialists may have knowledge of spinal herniation, only an orthopedist has the industry knowledge and experience to help you with this.

If you suffer from spinal herniation, do not hesitate to contact an orthopedist for advice and treatment. They can help you get back to a healthy and active lifestyle.

Traumatologist can help

Spinal disc herniation is a serious disease that requires qualified intervention by specialists. At the first signs of a hernia, you should contact a traumatologist.

A traumatologist is a doctor who specializes in the treatment of diseases of the musculoskeletal system, including spinal hernia. He will conduct a comprehensive examination and determine the degree of development of this disease.

Depending on the identified symptoms and the presence of complications, the traumatologist will select the appropriate treatment for the patient. In some cases, surgery may be required.

It is important to know that early treatment can significantly shorten the duration of treatment and minimize the size of the hernia. Therefore, do not put off going to the traumatologist if you suspect a spinal hernia.

A neurologist can help

Spinal herniation is a fairly common disease that can lead to serious consequences if you do not contact a specialist in time. Various specialists can deal with the treatment of spinal hernia, and a neuropathologist is one of them.

A neurologist is a doctor who treats diseases of the nervous system. In the case of spinal hernia, a neurologist can conduct the necessary studies to establish a diagnosis and determine the necessary treatment.

One of the treatments for spinal hernia that a neurologist can deal with is conservative treatment. In this case, the doctor may recommend the use of physiotherapy, massage, therapeutic exercises, as well as drugs to relieve pain and inflammation.

If conservative treatment does not give the desired results, the neurologist may prescribe surgery. Surgical treatment of spinal hernia is carried out only if conservative methods are ineffective and the disease leads to spinal deformity.

In this way, a neurologist can assist in the treatment of spinal hernia. However, in case of aggravation of the disease, it is necessary to turn to other specialists, such as an orthopedist, traumatologist or surgeon for qualified medical care.

Osteopaths can help

In case of spinal hernia, many patients turn to specialists in various medical fields. Orthopedists, traumatologists, neuropathologists, and surgeons may prescribe medications, physiotherapy, and even surgery.

However, not everyone knows that osteopaths can also help with spinal hernia. Osteopathic doctors use gentle and safe methods to improve the functioning of the spine. They can perform manual therapy and gentle techniques to stretch muscles and soften tissues.

Osteopaths also ensure that the spine is in the correct position and closely monitor the patient’s condition. They help relieve back pain and improve quality of life.

If you have a herniated spine, see an osteopath. It can help you cope with the disease without surgery or serious drugs.

A surgeon can help

When a spinal herniation progresses and causes constant discomfort and pain, surgery may be needed. The surgeon may perform different procedures, depending on the location of the hernia and its characteristics.

Discectomy is one treatment option. This is a surgical operation that consists in removing a hernia. The surgeon makes a small incision in the skin and removes the affected disc. This procedure can reduce pain and restore spinal mobility.

In some cases, the surgeon may perform an endoscopic discectomy. This is a more technologically advanced method that allows you to remove the affected tissue using small incisions and an endoscope. This method usually provides faster recovery than conventional discectomy.

In any case, the decision to have surgery should be made in consultation with the doctor and based on symptoms and examination results.

Spinal herniation treatment

Spinal herniation is a pathological condition in which the soft tissues of the intervertebral discs protrude beyond the spinal canal, causing disturbances in the functioning of the nervous system and damage to the spine. Treatment of a spinal hernia can be carried out by various medical specialists, depending on the degree of damage to health.

Orthopedist and traumatologist treat injuries and diseases of the musculoskeletal system. They can carry out conservative therapy, physiotherapy, massage and therapeutic exercises to improve the condition of the spine and relieve pain.

A neurologist can diagnose and treat diseases associated with disorders of the nervous system that can cause spinal herniation. The osteopath is engaged in the restoration of functional disorders in the body and can use manual therapy methods to treat spinal hernia.

The surgeon is indicated if all the above methods of treatment have not led to an improvement in the patient’s condition. The operation can be performed both open and endoscopically, depending on the severity of the disease.

• Who treats spinal hernia:
• Orthopedist
• Traumatologist
• Neurologist
• Osteopath
• Surgeon 900 08

Related video:

Q&A:

Which doctor diagnoses spinal hernia?

To diagnose spinal hernia, you need to contact a neurologist or neurosurgeon, who can conduct a comprehensive examination of the patient, including magnetic resonance imaging and x-rays.

What are the treatments for spinal hernia?

Spinal disc herniation can be treated conservatively or surgically. Conservative treatment includes the appointment of anti-inflammatory and pain medications, physiotherapy, massage and gymnastics. Surgical treatment of spinal hernia is used in cases where conservative methods do not give an effective result and the patient’s general condition worsens.

What complications can arise from spinal hernia?

A spinal hernia can cause various complications, such as paralysis of the limbs, decreased sensation, dysfunction of the bladder and intestines, and gout. Complications can be associated with both the hernia itself and its treatment.

Is it possible to avoid surgery for spinal hernia?

Yes, in most cases spinal herniation can be successfully treated with conservative methods, which avoids the need for surgery. However, for some forms of hernia, surgery may be necessary.

How is spinal hernia surgery performed?

Surgery for spinal hernia can be performed using various methods, depending on the location of the hernia and its size. The operation can be performed by both open and minimally invasive methods. With the open method, the specialist makes an incision in the back and removes the hernia; with the minimally invasive method, the operation is performed through small punctures in the skin, which reduces the trauma of the procedure and shortens the rehabilitation period after it.

How to choose a doctor for the treatment of spinal hernia?

For the treatment of spinal herniation, it is necessary to consult a specialist who has experience in dealing with this disease. The optimal choice of a doctor includes an appeal to a neurologist, neurosurgeon or orthopedic traumatologist. It is also important to make sure of the qualifications and experience of the doctor, to consult with him and discuss possible methods of treatment.

Herniated lumbar spine: causes, symptoms and treatment

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Spinal hernia is a very common disease that occurs with a massive sedentary lifestyle. Quite often, doctors send patients for the treatment of a hernia of the lumbar spine.

1. What is a hernia of the lumbar spine

A hernia of the lumbar spine is a protrusion of the intervertebral disc that does not fit in the space between the vertebrae and provokes compression of the nerve endings with accompanying symptoms. The lumbar vertebrae are especially thick and large, since they bear the main load during the work of the body.

2. How a hernia occurs

A hernia is formed due to dehydration of the intervertebral disc, which is provoked by a lack of nutrients. The vertebral disc consists of the nucleus pulposus and the fibrous membrane. With a hernia of the lumbar spine, the fibrous membrane becomes thinner, as a result, the nucleus pulposus creeps out of the disc, which requires immediate treatment and is expressed by symptoms in the form of pain and neurological disorders.

3. Stages of development

However, before the nucleus pulposus extends beyond the vertebral disc and a diagnosis is made, a lot of time must pass. Hernia of the lumbar spine in the absence of treatment develops as follows:

• Protrusion: there is a slight loss of elasticity of the fibrous membrane, and the nucleus pulposus moves towards the damage to compensate for the load – it is not difficult to prevent the development of a hernia of the lumbar spine at this stage, treatment with special physical education is enough;
• Partial confluence: the destruction of the fibrous ring begins, as a result, the pulpous nucleus rushes to damage;
• Complete prolapse: the nucleus pulposus comes out through a gap in the fibrous ring and compresses the vertebrae and nerve endings – this condition is already a vertebral hernia;
• Sequestration: Entry of a portion of the nucleus pulposus into the spinal cord, causing allergic reactions and neurological damage.

3.1. Complications

The last stage of a hernia of the lumbar spine is especially dangerous, because it is difficult to treat, but gives severe complications: impaired cerebral blood supply, paralysis of the pelvic organs and lower extremities.

4. Symptoms

It is categorically not recommended to prescribe treatment for a hernia of the lumbar spine on your own, since this disease manifests itself with symptoms characteristic of other pathologies:

• Pain syndrome: depending on the stage of the disease, it can be intense or weak, and the localization of pain is tied to the pinched root – as the disease develops, it changes;
• Weakness of the lower extremities: due to impaired blood supply and damage to the spinal cord, muscles weaken, coordination of movements is disturbed and the appearance of the injured limb changes;
• Loss of sensation and numbness of limbs or lumbar back.

In addition, a characteristic sign of a hernia of the lumbar spine is a change in posture, asymmetry of the body and stiffness of movements – with any diagnosis, this condition requires treatment.

5. Diagnostics

Successful treatment of a hernia of the lumbar spine is preceded by a correct diagnosis. The following methods are used to diagnose this disease:

• Neurologist’s consultation : the doctor will perform a series of tests to determine the location of the disease;
• MRI : allows high-precision examination of bone and spinal disc injuries, in some cases replaced by radiography.

Only after a medical examination can an accurate diagnosis be made and treatment prescribed.

6. Treatment of a hernia of the lumbar spine

The doctor determines the treatment regimen in accordance with the stage of the course of the disease based on the information obtained after the examination. But usually the treatment of a hernia of the lumbar spine involves the use of the following methods:

6.1. Medical

The following groups of drugs are prescribed to the patient at any stage of the disease:

• Anti-inflammatory drugs: relieve pain and inflammation in the affected area, eliminate swelling;
• Muscle relaxants: needed to relieve muscle spasms and tension;
• Vitamin complexes: vitamins of group B are prescribed to strengthen the intervertebral disc.

In the acute stage of the disease, hormonal drugs can be prescribed that block the pain syndrome.

6.2. Physiotherapy

Physiotherapy procedures as a method of treating a hernia of the lumbar spine are used to improve the blood supply to tissues and restore the functioning of nerves and muscles. Self-medication is categorically not recommended – without medical supervision, physiotherapy can aggravate the patient’s condition.

6.3. LFK

This is a set of exercises that, in case of a hernia of the lumbosacral spine, is selected by the attending physician; in some cases, treatment at home is allowed. Exercise therapy in particularly difficult cases should be carried out in a clinic under the supervision of a specialist.

6.4. Massage

This is not a mandatory method of treatment, however, if a hernia of the lumbar spine occurs in the absence of pain, it can be prescribed by a doctor. It is strongly not recommended to use massage for treatment without medical supervision.

7. Which doctor to contact

If you have noticed the likely symptoms of a hernia of the lumbar spine, a referral for diagnosis and treatment will be given by a general practitioner . He will send the patient for the necessary diagnostic tests and determine which specialist will need to be contacted in the future. A hernia of the lumbar spine, the treatment of which is associated with many problems and nuances, is the area of ​​​​competence of several specialists. Depending on the cause that provoked the disease, a diagnosed hernia can be treated by a neurologist , by an orthopedist , by a surgeon . In some cases, the patient needs not one doctor, but several specialists at once.

8. Rehabilitation

After any treatment of a hernia of the lumbar spine, the patient needs rehabilitation. At least during the recovery period, in order to avoid a recurrence of the disease, the patient must follow the doctor’s recommendations:

• Weight control: prevents increased stress on the lumbar spine;
• Balanced diet: allows you to quickly improve the condition of the intervertebral disc and prevent further damage;
• Refusal of bad habits: alcohol, smoking, etc. ;
• Sleep in the correct position on a semi-rigid surface for effective relaxation of the back muscles;
• Active lifestyle: sport strengthens the muscles of the back and improves the condition of the spine.

It is very important during the rehabilitation period after the treatment of a hernia of the lumbar spine to abandon heavy physical exertion, otherwise the disease will have to be treated again.

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forearms
appendages
prostate
calcaneus
ribs
hand
sciatic nerve
spleen
heart
vessels
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foot
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tendon
pelvis
hip joint
trachea
Turkish saddle
ear
jaw
scull
cervical
cervical region
neck
thyroid
ovaries

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