What causes white particles in female urine. How to identify symptoms associated with white urine sediment. When should you consult a healthcare professional about changes in urine appearance. What are the potential treatments for conditions causing white particles in urine.

Understanding White Particles in Female Urine

The presence of white particles in urine can be a concerning observation for many women. While typical urine is pale yellow and free from visible specks, various conditions can lead to the appearance of white sediment or cloudiness. Understanding the potential causes and associated symptoms is crucial for maintaining urinary health and knowing when to seek medical attention.

Common Causes of White Particles in Female Urine

Several factors can contribute to the presence of white particles in urine. Let’s explore some of the most common causes:

Pregnancy-Related Changes

During pregnancy, hormonal fluctuations can lead to increased vaginal discharge. This discharge may mix with urine as it exits the body, resulting in the appearance of white particles. While generally not a cause for concern, pregnant women should monitor any changes in discharge color or accompanying symptoms like itching or burning, as these may indicate an infection.

Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)

UTIs are a frequent cause of white particles in urine. These infections occur when bacteria enter the urethra and proliferate in the urinary system. In some cases, viruses, parasites, or fungi may also be responsible. UTIs can cause various symptoms, including:

• Abdominal or pelvic pain
• Frequent urge to urinate
• Painful urination
• Difficulty urinating
• Cloudy or discolored urine
• Foul-smelling urine
• Fever or chills

If left untreated, UTIs can lead to serious complications. Prompt medical attention and antibiotic treatment are typically necessary.

Ovulation-Related Changes

During ovulation, some women may produce extra cervical mucus with a milky or creamy texture. This mucus can resemble white particles in urine. While this is generally normal, any foul odor or unusual coloration should be evaluated by a healthcare professional.

Reproductive Health Conditions and White Urine Particles

Several reproductive health conditions can contribute to the presence of white particles in female urine:

Bacterial Vaginosis

Bacterial vaginosis is an inflammation of the vagina caused by an imbalance in the natural bacterial flora. Symptoms may include:

• A fishy or foul odor
• Burning sensation during urination
• Thin, grayish-white discharge that may mix with urine

Treatment typically involves oral antibiotics or suppositories prescribed by a healthcare provider.

Yeast Infections

Yeast infections, caused by an overgrowth of the fungus Candida albicans, can result in white particles in urine. The characteristic thick, chunky discharge often resembles cottage cheese and may mix with urine. Additional symptoms may include:

• Redness and swelling around the vagina
• Itching or soreness
• Pain during urination or sexual intercourse

Antifungal treatments, either prescription or over-the-counter, are typically effective in treating yeast infections.

Male-Specific Causes of White Particles in Urine

While this article primarily focuses on female urinary health, it’s worth noting that some conditions affecting males can also lead to white particles in urine:

Retrograde Ejaculation

This condition occurs when the sphincter muscle fails to contract properly during ejaculation, allowing semen to enter the bladder. As a result, stringy white bits of semen may appear in the urine when the bladder is emptied. While not directly harmful, retrograde ejaculation can affect fertility and may require medical intervention for couples trying to conceive.

Prostatitis

Inflammation of the prostate gland, often caused by bacterial infection, can lead to discharge from the urethra that mixes with urine. Symptoms of prostatitis may include:

• Difficulty or pain while urinating
• Chills or fever
• Lower back pain
• Discomfort in the testicles, perineum, or rectum
• Painful ejaculation
• Erectile dysfunction

Antibiotics are typically prescribed to treat bacterial prostatitis.

Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) and Urinary Changes

Several sexually transmitted infections can cause changes in urine appearance, including the presence of white particles. STIs that may lead to genital discharge in both males and females include:

• Trichomoniasis
• Chlamydia
• Gonorrhea

These infections can cause discharge that may appear as white particles in the urine or make the urine itself appear cloudy or white. Anyone suspecting an STI should seek prompt medical evaluation and treatment.

When to Seek Medical Attention

While some causes of white particles in urine may resolve on their own, it’s important to know when to consult a healthcare professional. Consider seeking medical attention if you experience:

• Persistent white particles in urine lasting more than a few days
• Accompanying symptoms such as pain, fever, or unusual odor
• Changes in urine color or consistency
• Difficulty or pain while urinating
• Unexplained fatigue or general malaise

Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent complications and ensure proper management of any underlying conditions.

Diagnostic Approaches for White Particles in Urine

To determine the cause of white particles in urine, healthcare providers may employ various diagnostic techniques:

Urinalysis

A urinalysis involves examining a urine sample for various components, including bacteria, white blood cells, and other substances that may indicate infection or other conditions.

Urine Culture

If a bacterial infection is suspected, a urine culture may be performed to identify the specific bacteria causing the infection and determine the most effective antibiotic treatment.

Physical Examination

A thorough physical examination, including a pelvic exam for women, can help identify signs of infection or other abnormalities.

Imaging Studies

In some cases, imaging studies such as ultrasounds or CT scans may be necessary to evaluate the urinary tract and surrounding structures.

Treatment Options for Conditions Causing White Particles in Urine

The treatment for white particles in urine depends on the underlying cause. Some common treatment approaches include:

Antibiotics

Bacterial infections such as UTIs, bacterial vaginosis, and some STIs are typically treated with antibiotics. The specific antibiotic and duration of treatment will depend on the type and severity of the infection.

Antifungal Medications

Yeast infections are usually treated with antifungal medications, which may be available over-the-counter or by prescription, depending on the severity of the infection.

Lifestyle Changes

In some cases, simple lifestyle modifications can help prevent or manage conditions that cause white particles in urine. These may include:

• Increasing water intake to promote urinary health
• Practicing good hygiene
• Urinating after sexual activity
• Wearing breathable, cotton underwear
• Avoiding irritating feminine hygiene products

Hormonal Treatments

For conditions related to hormonal imbalances, such as certain types of vaginal discharge, hormonal treatments may be recommended.

Preventing White Particles in Urine

While not all causes of white particles in urine are preventable, there are steps you can take to maintain urinary health and reduce the risk of certain conditions:

• Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water throughout the day
• Practice good personal hygiene, including proper wiping techniques after using the bathroom
• Urinate before and after sexual activity
• Avoid using harsh soaps or douches in the genital area
• Wear breathable, cotton underwear and avoid tight-fitting clothing
• Take probiotics to maintain a healthy balance of bacteria in the urinary and reproductive tracts
• Practice safe sex to prevent sexually transmitted infections

By implementing these preventive measures and being aware of changes in your urinary health, you can maintain overall well-being and address any concerns promptly.

The Importance of Urinary Health Awareness

Understanding the potential causes of white particles in urine and recognizing associated symptoms is crucial for maintaining overall health. While many causes are benign or easily treatable, some may indicate more serious underlying conditions. By staying informed and attentive to changes in your urinary health, you can take proactive steps to address any issues and seek medical attention when necessary.

Remember that each individual’s urinary health can vary, and what’s normal for one person may not be for another. If you have any concerns about changes in your urine or experience persistent symptoms, it’s always best to consult with a healthcare professional for personalized advice and treatment.

By prioritizing urinary health awareness and maintaining open communication with your healthcare provider, you can ensure early detection and management of any potential issues, promoting long-term health and well-being.

White particles in urine? Causes, symptoms, when to seek help

Some conditions, such as pregnancy, infections, and kidney stones, can cause white particles in the urine or make it appear cloudy. Typical urine is faint yellow and free from any specks.

Pregnancy and urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common causes of urinary changes, but many other conditions can cause similar symptoms.

In this article, we look at what causes white particles in urine and when to speak with a doctor.

Possible causes of white particles, or sediment, in urine include:

1. Pregnancy

During pregnancy, there are a variety of hormonal changes that can cause vaginal discharge and other symptoms.

Discharge can mix with urine as it leaves the body, and it may appear as white particles in the urine. This is usually not a cause for concern.

Anyone who is pregnant and has discharge that appears darker or is accompanied by other symptoms, such as itching or burning, should speak with a doctor, as they may have an infection.

2. Urinary tract infections (UTIs)

UTIs are a common cause of white particles in the urine.

UTIs occur when bacteria enter the urethra and make their way to the bladder, kidneys, or ureter, where they multiply and cause the infection.

Less commonly, viruses, parasites, or fungi entering the urinary tract may cause a UTI.

According to a 2018 review, a UTI can cause discharge in both males and females and can cause white particles to appear in the urine.

Other symptoms of UTIs include:

• pain in the abdomen or pelvis
• an urgent need to urinate
• pain while urinating
• trouble urinating
• cloudy or discolored urine
• foul-smelling urine
• fever or chills

Bacterial UTIs usually require antibiotics. If the UTI is left untreated, it may spread to other parts of the body and can cause serious complications.

Anyone who thinks they have a UTI should speak with a doctor for diagnosis and treatment.

3. Ovulation

Some people with vaginas produce extra cervical mucus during ovulation. This mucus may have a milky or creamy texture and may resemble a stringy white substance in the urine.

While it is typical for some of this mucus to be released into the urine, a person should speak with a doctor if the discharge has a foul odor or is colored.

4. Retrograde ejaculation

Retrograde ejaculation occurs when the muscle or sphincter that keeps semen from entering the bladder does not contract properly. This can cause the person to have an orgasm without ejaculating, as the semen goes into the bladder instead.

According to a 2016 literature review, when the person empties their bladder later, they may notice stringy, white bits of semen floating in the urine.

Retrograde ejaculation does not pose any direct health concerns, but infertility treatments may be necessary if a couple is trying to conceive.

5. Bacterial vaginosis

Bacterial vaginosis is inflammation in the vagina caused by an imbalance of bacteria.

This can cause a variety of symptoms, including a foul or fishy odor and a burning sensation while urinating.

Some people also notice a thin, grayish-white discharge that may mix in with the urine and cause white particles to appear.

Treatment for bacterial vaginosis varies but may include oral antibiotics or suppositories.

6. Yeast infections

A yeast infection may also cause white particles in the urine. The fungus Candida albicans is found naturally in healthy people, but in certain situations, it can grow rapidly in the vagina and cause an infection.

Yeast infections often cause a thick, chunky discharge that may resemble cottage cheese in appearance. This discharge can mix with the urine and lead to white bits appearing.

In addition to this, a yeast infection may cause other symptoms, such as:

• redness and swelling around the vagina
• itching or soreness
• soreness or pain while urinating
• pain during sex

Doctors often recommend prescription or over-the-counter (OTC) antifungal treatments to treat yeast infections.

7. Prostatitis

Prostatitis refers to inflammation of the prostate gland and can be caused by a bacterial infection near the gland.

It can cause discharge from the urethra that mixes with urine. People with prostatitis may have other symptoms, including:

• difficulty urinating or painful urination
• chills or fever
• pain in the lower back
• throbbing or pain in the testicles, perineum, or rectum
• painful ejaculation
• erectile dysfunction

Most cases of bacterial prostatitis require antibiotics.

8. Sexually transmitted infections (STIs)

STIs are transmitted through oral, anal, or vaginal sexual contact, and many of them can cause changes in the urine.

STIs that may cause genital discharge in all genders include:

• trichomoniasis
• chlamydia
• gonorrhea

This discharge may appear as white particles in the urine or make the urine itself appear white or cloudy.

Anyone who thinks they may have an STI should contact a doctor for diagnosis and treatment. They should also refrain from sexual contact or use a condom or other barrier method to avoid transmitting an STI.

9. Kidney stones

Kidney stones develop when the levels of certain substances, such as uric acid or calcium oxalate, in the body get too high. The excess can build up in the urinary tract and may turn into kidney stones.

If the kidney stones are small enough, the body may expel them through the urine without a person noticing. They may appear as small white particles.

Kidney stones may also cause significant pain in the abdomen and other symptoms, including:

• feeling the need to urinate constantly
• difficulty urinating
• burning and pain during urination
• pain radiating through the lower abdomen, pelvis, and groin
• foul-smelling, cloudy, or bloody urine

Many kidney stones can be passed with the help of OTC pain medications.

According to a 2018 literature review, doctors can also prescribe drugs called alpha-blockers that may help break the stones into smaller pieces.

In rare cases, people may need medical procedures to break up and remove the kidney stones.

The appearance of white particles in urine may change, depending on the underlying cause of the issue.

Symptoms may show up in different ways, including:

• white flakes in the urine
• stringy, cloudy substance in the urine
• grayish sediment floating in the urine
• murky or milky urine

An underlying medical condition will often cause a few other symptoms to appear. These are important to note, as they will help a doctor diagnose and treat the problem.

Some causes of white particles in the urine, such as pregnancy and ovulation, are considered normal and require no treatment.

If a person notices any additional symptoms, such as itching or pain, they may need to speak with a doctor.

Additional symptoms may be a sign of an underlying condition or infection that requires prompt treatment. Anyone who has frequent white particles in the urine or is uncertain about the cause should also speak with a doctor.

Receiving a proper diagnosis and treatment are the best ways to prevent any possible complications.

Genital discharge is often the cause of white particles in the urine. Finding the underlying cause of this discharge is essential for getting the right treatment. Many cases are easily treatable with a doctor’s help.

Some causes, such as STIs or kidney stones, may require more attention. However, the outlook is good in most cases.

What are some causes of white specks or cloudy urine?

Pregnancy, UTIs, STIs, and some types of underlying conditions or infections can cause the urine to have white specks or a cloudy appearance. Any changes to the appearance or smell of the urine, or any pain or discomfort, should be addressed with a doctor.

Is having white particles in the urine a serious condition?

While seeing anything out of the ordinary in the urine should be addressed with a doctor, most causes of white particles or specks in urine are not life threatening.

What if a person’s urine is cloudy?

Conditions that can cause white particles in the urine, such as infection, bacterial vaginosis, prostatitis, or yeast infections, may also make it appear cloudy. A person should speak with a doctor to address any new or worsening symptoms.

White particles in urine? Causes, symptoms, when to seek help

Some conditions, such as pregnancy, infections, and kidney stones, can cause white particles in the urine or make it appear cloudy. Typical urine is faint yellow and free from any specks.

Pregnancy and urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common causes of urinary changes, but many other conditions can cause similar symptoms.

In this article, we look at what causes white particles in urine and when to speak with a doctor.

Possible causes of white particles, or sediment, in urine include:

1. Pregnancy

During pregnancy, there are a variety of hormonal changes that can cause vaginal discharge and other symptoms.

Discharge can mix with urine as it leaves the body, and it may appear as white particles in the urine. This is usually not a cause for concern.

Anyone who is pregnant and has discharge that appears darker or is accompanied by other symptoms, such as itching or burning, should speak with a doctor, as they may have an infection.

2. Urinary tract infections (UTIs)

UTIs are a common cause of white particles in the urine.

UTIs occur when bacteria enter the urethra and make their way to the bladder, kidneys, or ureter, where they multiply and cause the infection.

Less commonly, viruses, parasites, or fungi entering the urinary tract may cause a UTI.

According to a 2018 review, a UTI can cause discharge in both males and females and can cause white particles to appear in the urine.

Other symptoms of UTIs include:

• pain in the abdomen or pelvis
• an urgent need to urinate
• pain while urinating
• trouble urinating
• cloudy or discolored urine
• foul-smelling urine
• fever or chills

Bacterial UTIs usually require antibiotics. If the UTI is left untreated, it may spread to other parts of the body and can cause serious complications.

Anyone who thinks they have a UTI should speak with a doctor for diagnosis and treatment.

3. Ovulation

Some people with vaginas produce extra cervical mucus during ovulation. This mucus may have a milky or creamy texture and may resemble a stringy white substance in the urine.

While it is typical for some of this mucus to be released into the urine, a person should speak with a doctor if the discharge has a foul odor or is colored.

4. Retrograde ejaculation

Retrograde ejaculation occurs when the muscle or sphincter that keeps semen from entering the bladder does not contract properly. This can cause the person to have an orgasm without ejaculating, as the semen goes into the bladder instead.

According to a 2016 literature review, when the person empties their bladder later, they may notice stringy, white bits of semen floating in the urine.

Retrograde ejaculation does not pose any direct health concerns, but infertility treatments may be necessary if a couple is trying to conceive.

5. Bacterial vaginosis

Bacterial vaginosis is inflammation in the vagina caused by an imbalance of bacteria.

This can cause a variety of symptoms, including a foul or fishy odor and a burning sensation while urinating.

Some people also notice a thin, grayish-white discharge that may mix in with the urine and cause white particles to appear.

Treatment for bacterial vaginosis varies but may include oral antibiotics or suppositories.

6. Yeast infections

A yeast infection may also cause white particles in the urine. The fungus Candida albicans is found naturally in healthy people, but in certain situations, it can grow rapidly in the vagina and cause an infection.

Yeast infections often cause a thick, chunky discharge that may resemble cottage cheese in appearance. This discharge can mix with the urine and lead to white bits appearing.

In addition to this, a yeast infection may cause other symptoms, such as:

• redness and swelling around the vagina
• itching or soreness
• soreness or pain while urinating
• pain during sex

Doctors often recommend prescription or over-the-counter (OTC) antifungal treatments to treat yeast infections.

7. Prostatitis

Prostatitis refers to inflammation of the prostate gland and can be caused by a bacterial infection near the gland.

It can cause discharge from the urethra that mixes with urine. People with prostatitis may have other symptoms, including:

• difficulty urinating or painful urination
• chills or fever
• pain in the lower back
• throbbing or pain in the testicles, perineum, or rectum
• painful ejaculation
• erectile dysfunction

Most cases of bacterial prostatitis require antibiotics.

8. Sexually transmitted infections (STIs)

STIs are transmitted through oral, anal, or vaginal sexual contact, and many of them can cause changes in the urine.

STIs that may cause genital discharge in all genders include:

• trichomoniasis
• chlamydia
• gonorrhea

This discharge may appear as white particles in the urine or make the urine itself appear white or cloudy.

Anyone who thinks they may have an STI should contact a doctor for diagnosis and treatment. They should also refrain from sexual contact or use a condom or other barrier method to avoid transmitting an STI.

9. Kidney stones

Kidney stones develop when the levels of certain substances, such as uric acid or calcium oxalate, in the body get too high. The excess can build up in the urinary tract and may turn into kidney stones.

If the kidney stones are small enough, the body may expel them through the urine without a person noticing. They may appear as small white particles.

Kidney stones may also cause significant pain in the abdomen and other symptoms, including:

• feeling the need to urinate constantly
• difficulty urinating
• burning and pain during urination
• pain radiating through the lower abdomen, pelvis, and groin
• foul-smelling, cloudy, or bloody urine

Many kidney stones can be passed with the help of OTC pain medications.

According to a 2018 literature review, doctors can also prescribe drugs called alpha-blockers that may help break the stones into smaller pieces.

In rare cases, people may need medical procedures to break up and remove the kidney stones.

The appearance of white particles in urine may change, depending on the underlying cause of the issue.

Symptoms may show up in different ways, including:

• white flakes in the urine
• stringy, cloudy substance in the urine
• grayish sediment floating in the urine
• murky or milky urine

An underlying medical condition will often cause a few other symptoms to appear. These are important to note, as they will help a doctor diagnose and treat the problem.

Some causes of white particles in the urine, such as pregnancy and ovulation, are considered normal and require no treatment.

If a person notices any additional symptoms, such as itching or pain, they may need to speak with a doctor.

Additional symptoms may be a sign of an underlying condition or infection that requires prompt treatment. Anyone who has frequent white particles in the urine or is uncertain about the cause should also speak with a doctor.

Receiving a proper diagnosis and treatment are the best ways to prevent any possible complications.

Genital discharge is often the cause of white particles in the urine. Finding the underlying cause of this discharge is essential for getting the right treatment. Many cases are easily treatable with a doctor’s help.

Some causes, such as STIs or kidney stones, may require more attention. However, the outlook is good in most cases.

What are some causes of white specks or cloudy urine?

Pregnancy, UTIs, STIs, and some types of underlying conditions or infections can cause the urine to have white specks or a cloudy appearance. Any changes to the appearance or smell of the urine, or any pain or discomfort, should be addressed with a doctor.

Is having white particles in the urine a serious condition?

While seeing anything out of the ordinary in the urine should be addressed with a doctor, most causes of white particles or specks in urine are not life threatening.

What if a person’s urine is cloudy?

Conditions that can cause white particles in the urine, such as infection, bacterial vaginosis, prostatitis, or yeast infections, may also make it appear cloudy. A person should speak with a doctor to address any new or worsening symptoms.

Flakes in the urine – the causes of occurrence, in what diseases it occurs, diagnosis and methods of treatment

Fungus

Cystitis

Thrush

Colpitis

76061

27th of December

Flakes in the urine: the causes of occurrence, in which diseases they occur, diagnosis and methods of treatment.

Definition

Urine is a waste product produced by the complex process of blood filtration by the kidneys. Urine flows from the kidneys through the ureters to the bladder, then through the urethra it is excreted.

By producing urine, the kidneys remove protein breakdown products, food additives, processed drugs from the body, and also regulate the amount of water and electrolytes in the body. Normal urine is more than 90% consists of water, it can detect urea, uric acid, ammonia, creatinine, sodium, potassium, chlorine, calcium ions. In minimal amounts, protein and blood cells (erythrocytes and leukocytes), epithelium (cells lining the urinary tract) enter the urine. Urine color is determined by the pigments urobilin and urochrome. Normally, and subject to the technique of collecting urine, glucose, hemoglobin, bilirubin pigment, ketone bodies (a product of carbohydrate and fat metabolism), lipids, salts, bacteria, fungi, and mucus are not detected in it. There are no cylinders – casts of protein, epithelium, leukocytes, erythrocytes, hemoglobin and fats.

With the proper functioning of the internal organs, a balanced diet, a normal drinking regime and the absence of coloring substances in food, urine is formed in the amount of 1–1.5 liters per day, it is yellow or straw-yellow in color, without a strong odor, does not foam, is transparent, has no suspension and sediment.

In case of pathology of the urinary system or in case of improper collection of biomaterial, substances appear in the urine that should not be in it.

Urine flakes are visible clots, usually white, yellow, or red, floating in the collected urine.

Varieties of flakes in urine

Flakes in urine vary in composition. In the form of flakes, there may be protein, leukocytes, erythrocytes, pus, accumulation of bacteria, fungi, mucus, epithelium (the surface layer of the skin and mucous membranes), etc.

Possible causes of flakes in the urine

The most common causes of flakes in the urine include inflammatory diseases of the genitourinary system.

A precipitate in the form of flakes is detected when the rules for collecting urine are not followed, because of which vaginal discharge, the secret of the glands of the external genital organs, the epithelium of the skin and mucous membranes, etc., get into it.

What diseases cause flakes in the urine

Urethritis – inflammation of the mucous membrane (inner lining) of the urethra. The disease is usually infectious, caused by bacteria, fungi, viruses, or protozoa. Less commonly, urethritis is allergic or traumatic. Symptoms of urethritis are pain, burning, cramps when urinating. With bacterial urethritis, the amount of protein in the urine increases, mucus, pus appear, the number of leukocytes increases, bacteria are present, sometimes epithelial cells of the urethra and blood. With candidal urethritis, accumulations of yeast-like fungi are found in the urine.

With cystitis – inflammation of the bladder – frequent painful urination, pain above the womb, radiating to the perineum, anus, in men – to the penis.

The disease is infectious in nature and is manifested by the same changes in the urine as urethritis.

With pyelonephritis – bacterial inflammation of the kidney tissue – the temperature rises sharply (up to 40 ° C), chills, increased sweating, weakness, pain in the lumbar region occur. Urine becomes cloudy, a large number of bacteria, leukocytes are found in it, pus appears, the level of protein and erythrocytes increases.

Pyelonephritis often occurs against the background of obstruction of urine output, for example, when the ureters are compressed by the uterus in pregnant women, prostate enlargement, with urolithiasis, and prolonged urinary retention.

Prostatitis – inflammation of the prostate gland. The disease is usually bacterial in nature. In addition to the possible appearance of epithelium, leukocytes, erythrocytes, mucus, bacteria, pus in the urine, with prostatitis, there are impaired urination with frequent urges, pain in the sacrum, perineum and anus, and fever.

Candidiasis (fungal colonization) of the vagina is accompanied by itching and discomfort in the vagina and in the vulva, as well as curdled discharge, which, together with mucus and epithelium, can enter the urine.

Bacteria, leukocytes, mucus, epithelium may appear in the urine in the form of flakes with bacterial vaginosis – imbalance of the vaginal microflora in favor of opportunistic microorganisms (living in the vagina permanently and capable of causing disease under certain circumstances), as well as with colpitis or vaginitis (inflammation of the vagina infected with Trichomonas, gonococci, streptococci, staphylococci, etc.).

Another disease that causes the appearance of flakes in the urine is bladder leukoplakia , in which the epithelium of the bladder mucosa thickens (keratinizes), becomes similar in structure to the skin, and when rejected appears in the urine in the form of flakes.

Symptoms are frequent painful urination with frequent urges, frequent nighttime urination, pain over the womb, blood and flakes in the urine. The disease can lead to the development of bladder cancer.

Which doctors to contact

If flakes appear in the urine, contact
general practitioner or
therapist. If necessary, a consultation can be scheduled
urologist,
gynecologist.

Diagnosis and examination in the presence of flakes in the urine

If flakes are found in the urine, the doctor will conduct a thorough questioning and examination of the patient, identify additional symptoms, if any.

To clarify the diagnosis, you may need:

• complete blood count;

Clinical blood test: general analysis, leukoformula, ESR (with microscopy of a blood smear in the presence of pathological changes)

Synonyms: Complete blood count, UAC. Full blood count, FBC, Complete blood count (CBC) with differential white blood cell count (CBC with diff), Hemogram.
Brief description of the study CBC: general a…

Up to 1 business day

Available with home visit

RUB 810

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General urinalysis (Urine analysis with sediment microscopy)

Method of determination

Determination of physical and chemical parameters is carried out on an automatic analyzer using the “dry chemistry” method.

Hardware microscope…

Up to 1 business day

Available with home visit

410 RUB

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Nechiporenko Urine Test

Synonyms: Determination of the amount of blood cells in the urine sediment; Sample of Nechiporenko; Urinalysis by the Nechiporenko method.

Analysis of urine Nechiporenko; Urinalysis; Urine…

Up to 1 business day

Available with home visit

475 RUB

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Urinalysis

Material for research:

smears prepared in the laboratory from the sediment of transudates, exudates, secrets, excreta and urine;

smears prepared from . ..

Up to 2 working days

Available with home visit

RUB 1,030

Add to cart

Identification of STI pathogens (7+KVM*), scraping of epithelial cells of the urogenital tract

Determination of the DNA of microorganisms that cause the most common sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the vaginal, cervical and urethral nipples…

Up to 1 business day

Available with home visit

RUB 3,185

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Ultrasound of the prostate

Ultrasound scanning of the prostate, giving an idea of ​​the condition of the prostate and the presence of pathology.

RUB 2,190

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Treatment for flakes in the urine

Treatment for flakes in the urine is to eliminate the cause of the flakes.

In case of inflammatory diseases of the urinary tract and organs of the reproductive system, the doctor may recommend antibacterial, antifungal therapy, as well as prescribe anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antispasmodic drugs. In women, after the main treatment, the normal microflora of the vagina is restored.

A sparing diet is recommended with the exception of fried, spicy, salty, floury, sweet, alcohol, drinking plenty of water, as well as sexual abstinence for the duration of treatment.

What to do if flakes are found in urine

use of soap and intimate hygiene products). You need to collect an average portion of urine, while urinating, cover the entrance to the vagina with a sterile napkin.

If all the conditions are met, and there are still flakes in the urine, it is this urine that needs to be taken for analysis.

To confirm the detected changes, the doctor may recommend a second urine test. You should not leave this symptom unattended or self-medicate, this can lead to unpredictable consequences.

Sources:

1. Urology: Textbook / ed. N. A. Lopatkina. – Moscow: GEOTAR-Media, 2007. – 520 p.
2. Differential diagnosis of urinary syndrome: leukocyturia. Trukhan D.I., Bagisheva N.V., Goloshubina V.V., Konshu N.V. // International Journal of Applied and Fundamental Research. – 2017. – No. 3-2. – S. 205-208.
3. Clinical guidelines “Cystitis in women”. Developed by: Russian Society of Urology. – 2021.

IMPORTANT!

The information in this section should not be used for self-diagnosis or self-treatment. In case of pain or other exacerbation of the disease, only the attending physician should prescribe diagnostic tests. For diagnosis and proper treatment, you should contact your doctor.
For a correct assessment of the results of your analyzes in dynamics, it is preferable to do studies in the same laboratory, since different laboratories may use different research methods and units of measurement to perform the same analyzes.

Changes in urine – norm, causes, diagnosis, treatment

How urine is formed

Urine is formed in the process of filtering blood by the kidneys. Passing through the kidneys, the blood is cleared of unnecessary substances. Its main volume is sent back to the bloodstream, and a small amount of fluid is excreted from the body in the form of urine.

Each kidney consists of several segments – nephrons. There are glomeruli and tubules in the nephron

Blood is filtered in the glomeruli of the kidney. The resulting liquid is called primary urine

In the tubules of the kidney, primary urine is filtered again, and part of the liquid is again sent to the bloodstream (this process is called reabsorption)

Urine consists of 95% water and 5% of impurities: electrolytes, breakdown products of cell components .

If a person becomes ill, the composition of the urine changes. For example, with inflammatory kidney disease, urine may become cloudy or change color. And in diabetes mellitus, the volume of excreted fluid increases significantly.

Main characteristics of urine

Changes in urine can indicate a variety of pathologies: kidney disease, infectious processes, endocrine disorders.

You can notice some violations yourself. For example, that there is less urge to go to the toilet and less urine, or that the liquid has changed color or smell. Others can only be identified in the course of laboratory tests.

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There are a number of urine characteristics that are used to evaluate the urinary, endocrine and other systems. Changes can be qualitative or quantitative. Among the qualitative ones are such indicators as color, transparency, foaminess. Among the quantitative ones is the volume of fluid released during the day.

Quantity

The amount of urine excreted, or diuresis, is determined during a daily analysis: the patient collects urine in a container for 24 hours, and then estimates its approximate volume. The normal amount of urine is from 800 ml to 2 liters. If urine output is less than 500 ml, the diagnosis is oliguria. If more than 2 liters – “polyuria”.

Possible causes of changes in urine volume

Oliguria – a decrease in the amount of urine separated – may indicate dehydration (for example, with an increase in body temperature or vomiting), severe blood loss (in case of injury, after surgery, during menstruation).

Polyuria may indicate the development of diabetes or diabetes insipidus, excessive production of the hormone by the parathyroid glands or the adrenal cortex. Also, polyuria may indicate diseases of the urinary system.

Color

The color of urine is determined by the bile pigment, which is produced in the liver during the breakdown of hemoglobin. Normally, urine should be clear or light yellow.

Possible causes of discoloration of urine

A change in the color of urine does not always indicate pathology. Hue may change due to natural or synthetic dyes present in food, or changes in fluid intake.

The color of urine can determine the general condition of the body and identify some pathologies, including dehydration

Also, the color of urine can be affected by medications taken: depending on the drug, it can become bright yellow, orange, reddish or dark brown.

However, if the color of the urine has changed for no apparent reason, this is a reason to be examined. Hue may change due to kidney disease
(pyelonephritis, urolithiasis, kidney infarction) and liver (hepatitis, cirrhosis, cholelithiasis) or in case of metabolic disorders.

Transparency

Fresh urine should normally be completely clear. Gradually, it may precipitate from salts and mucus.

Possible reasons for the change in transparency

If the urine is cloudy or with a suspension, this may indicate that it contains salts, bacteria, mucus. This composition indicates inflammatory diseases of the urinary system, urolithiasis or metabolic disorders.

Urine may also become cloudy if a person eats a lot of fish and seafood.

Specific Gravity (Density)

Specific gravity indicates how dense the urine is, i.e. concentrated. The indicator is quite unstable: it changes during the day (urine has the highest density in the morning), depends on the amount of fluid you drink and even on the air temperature outside. However, significant deviations from the norm may indicate the development of pathological processes.

Possible causes of changes in specific gravity

A significant deviation in the density of urine from the norm can develop with metabolic disorders, diseases of the kidneys or bladder, hormonal imbalance, inflammatory diseases. Also, the density can increase with dehydration: diarrhea, vomiting, intense training.

This is one of the indicators that a person can notice even without a laboratory test: the richer the color of the urine, the higher its specific gravity. An increase in the density of urine without an obvious reason (for example, a recent poisoning) is a reason to consult a doctor.

Odor and foaminess

Normally, fresh urine is practically odorless and does not foam.

Possible causes of odor or foam

If the urine has a sharp or specific odor, this may indicate dehydration, diseases of the urinary system (pyelonephritis, cystitis), urogenital infections or serious metabolic disorders.

Foaming is usually caused by protein. It can get into the urine with kidney pathologies.

If the urine foams, see a doctor and get tested

Acidity (pH)

The reaction of urine – more acidic or alkaline – reflects the acid-base balance throughout the body. According to this indicator, a number of disorders can be identified and the body’s ability to resist infections can be determined.

Possible causes of changes in acidity

A change in pH can indicate diseases of the kidneys and bladder, for example, thyroid dysfunction, diabetes, gout. Acidity can change during acute pathological processes: fever, vomiting.

The reaction is also influenced by the characteristics of the diet: if a person eats a lot of meat and protein foods, the environment becomes acidic, if the diet is dominated by vegetables and cereals, it becomes alkaline. When fasting, acidity rises.

Urine PH can be determined independently using test strips

What to do about changes in urine

Deviations from the norm do not always indicate pathological disorders. First of all, when collecting, there is a high probability of error – for example, mucus may appear if it is bad to wash or collect not the middle, but the first portion of urine. Among other factors that may affect the result: incorrect storage of the material (in a warm place, more than 12 hours), use of a non-sterile container, examination during menstruation.

If the analysis is not normal, the doctor will most likely ask for a second urine test.

Which doctors to contact if violations are detected

For any abnormalities in the properties or analysis of urine, you need to contact a general practitioner. He will conduct an initial diagnosis and, if necessary, refer to specialized specialists: a nephrologist, endocrinologist, gynecologist, gastroenterologist.

Treatment

Change in urine may be physiological or indicate diseases that need to be treated. The decision on the need for therapy is made by the doctor. As a rule, a single urine test is not enough to make a diagnosis. Most likely, a number of additional studies will be required to clarify the diagnosis: a blood test, ultrasound of the kidneys, liver, and pelvic organs.