How does Zyrtec work to relieve allergy symptoms. What are the common side effects of Zyrtec. Can Zyrtec cause nausea. How should Zyrtec be taken for maximum effectiveness. What precautions should be considered when using Zyrtec.

Understanding Cetirizine: The Active Ingredient in Zyrtec

Cetirizine, the active ingredient in Zyrtec, is an antihistamine designed to alleviate various allergy symptoms. These symptoms include watery eyes, runny nose, itching of the eyes and nose, sneezing, and hives. The medication works by blocking histamine, a natural substance produced by the body during an allergic reaction.

It’s important to note that while Zyrtec is effective for many allergy symptoms, it does not prevent hives or treat severe allergic reactions such as anaphylaxis. For individuals prescribed epinephrine for allergic reactions, it’s crucial to always carry the epinephrine injector and not substitute it with Zyrtec.

How does Zyrtec differ from other antihistamines?

Zyrtec (cetirizine) is a second-generation antihistamine, which means it typically causes less drowsiness compared to first-generation antihistamines like diphenhydramine (Benadryl). It also has a longer-lasting effect, often providing 24-hour relief with a single dose.

Proper Usage and Dosage Guidelines for Zyrtec

For over-the-counter Zyrtec, it’s essential to read all directions on the product package before use. If prescribed by a doctor, follow their instructions carefully. Typically, Zyrtec is taken once daily.

• Chewable tablets: Chew thoroughly before swallowing
• Rapidly-dissolving tablets: Allow to dissolve on the tongue, then swallow with or without water
• Liquid form: Use a special measuring device for accurate dosing

Dosage is based on age, medical condition, and response to treatment. It’s crucial not to increase the dose or take the medication more frequently than directed.

Can the dosage of Zyrtec be adjusted for different age groups?

Yes, the dosage of Zyrtec can be adjusted based on age. For adults and children 6 years and older, the typical dose is 10 mg once daily. Children 2 to 5 years old usually take 2.5 mg once daily. Always consult with a healthcare provider for the appropriate dosage, especially for young children.

Common Side Effects and Potential Risks of Zyrtec

While Zyrtec is generally well-tolerated, some users may experience side effects. Common side effects include:

• Drowsiness
• Tiredness
• Dry mouth
• Stomach pain (especially in children)

If these effects persist or worsen, it’s important to consult a healthcare provider. More serious side effects, though rare, may include difficulty urinating and weakness. In case of a serious allergic reaction, such as rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, or trouble breathing, seek immediate medical attention.

Is nausea a common side effect of Zyrtec?

While nausea is not listed as one of the most common side effects of Zyrtec, some users may experience it. If nausea occurs and persists, it’s advisable to consult with a healthcare provider. They may suggest taking the medication with food or adjusting the dosage to minimize this side effect.

Interactions and Precautions When Using Zyrtec

Before taking Zyrtec, it’s crucial to inform your doctor or pharmacist about any allergies, especially to cetirizine, hydroxyzine, or levocetirizine. Also, disclose your full medical history, particularly if you have:

• Difficulty urinating (such as due to an enlarged prostate)
• Kidney disease
• Liver disease

Zyrtec may cause drowsiness, which can be intensified by alcohol or marijuana use. It’s important to avoid these substances and refrain from activities requiring alertness until you know how the medication affects you.

Are there any specific drug interactions to be aware of with Zyrtec?

While Zyrtec has fewer drug interactions compared to some other antihistamines, it’s still important to be cautious. Potential interactions may occur with:

• Central nervous system depressants (including alcohol)
• Some antidepressants
• Medications that affect liver enzymes

Always inform your healthcare provider about all medications, supplements, and herbal products you’re taking to avoid potential interactions.

Zyrtec Usage During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

For pregnant women, Zyrtec should only be used when clearly necessary. It’s important to discuss the risks and benefits with a healthcare provider before use. The medication does pass into breast milk, so breastfeeding mothers should consult their doctor before using Zyrtec.

Are there safer alternatives to Zyrtec for pregnant women?

While Zyrtec is generally considered safe during pregnancy, some healthcare providers may recommend alternative antihistamines with a longer history of use in pregnant women, such as loratadine (Claritin) or chlorpheniramine. The choice depends on individual circumstances and should be made in consultation with a healthcare provider.

Long-term Use and Effectiveness of Zyrtec

Zyrtec is designed for both short-term and long-term use, depending on the individual’s needs. For seasonal allergies, it may be used daily during allergy season. For year-round allergies, some individuals may use it continuously under medical supervision.

It’s important to monitor the effectiveness of Zyrtec over time. If allergy symptoms don’t improve, or if hives don’t improve after 3 days of treatment or last more than 6 weeks, consult a healthcare provider.

Can long-term use of Zyrtec lead to decreased effectiveness?

While some users report decreased effectiveness over time, this is not typically observed in clinical studies. If you feel Zyrtec is becoming less effective, discuss this with your healthcare provider. They may recommend periodic breaks from the medication or explore alternative treatments.

Comparing Zyrtec to Other Allergy Medications

Zyrtec is one of several second-generation antihistamines available for allergy relief. Others include loratadine (Claritin), fexofenadine (Allegra), and desloratadine (Clarinex). While they all work to block histamine, they may have slightly different side effect profiles and effectiveness for individual users.

• Zyrtec (cetirizine): May cause more drowsiness than some others, but often provides quick relief
• Claritin (loratadine): Generally less sedating, may take longer to take effect
• Allegra (fexofenadine): Least likely to cause drowsiness, may be less effective for some users

How does Zyrtec compare to nasal corticosteroids for allergy relief?

While Zyrtec is effective for many allergy symptoms, nasal corticosteroids like fluticasone (Flonase) or mometasone (Nasonex) are often considered more effective for nasal symptoms. Some individuals may benefit from using both types of medications under medical guidance.

Managing Potential Side Effects of Zyrtec

While Zyrtec is generally well-tolerated, some users may experience side effects. Here are strategies to manage common side effects:

1. Drowsiness: Take Zyrtec in the evening if drowsiness occurs
2. Dry mouth: Stay hydrated and consider sugar-free gum or lozenges
3. Stomach discomfort: Take Zyrtec with food
4. Headache: Ensure proper hydration and consider over-the-counter pain relievers if needed

If side effects persist or worsen, consult with a healthcare provider. They may suggest adjusting the dosage or switching to a different antihistamine.

Can Zyrtec cause weight gain?

While weight gain is not a commonly reported side effect of Zyrtec, some users have anecdotally reported this issue. Scientific evidence for this is limited. If you notice significant weight changes while taking Zyrtec, discuss this with your healthcare provider to rule out other potential causes.

Special Considerations for Zyrtec Use in Children

Zyrtec is approved for use in children as young as 2 years old, but dosage and formulation may vary based on age. For children, it’s particularly important to:

• Use the appropriate formulation (liquid, chewable, or dissolving tablets)
• Follow dosage instructions carefully
• Monitor for side effects, especially drowsiness which may affect school performance
• Consult a pediatrician before use, especially for children under 2 years old

Is Zyrtec safe for long-term use in children?

While Zyrtec is considered safe for long-term use in children when used as directed, it’s important to regularly assess its necessity and effectiveness. Some children may outgrow certain allergies, so periodic reevaluation with a healthcare provider is recommended.

Zyrtec and Its Impact on Daily Activities

While Zyrtec is less likely to cause significant drowsiness compared to older antihistamines, it can still affect alertness and cognitive function in some users. Consider the following when using Zyrtec:

• Avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until you know how Zyrtec affects you
• Be cautious when performing tasks requiring mental alertness
• Avoid alcohol consumption, which can increase drowsiness
• Consider taking Zyrtec in the evening if drowsiness is an issue

Can Zyrtec affect athletic performance?

While Zyrtec is not known to significantly impact athletic performance, the potential for drowsiness or mild dehydration (due to its mild diuretic effect) could affect some athletes. If you’re an athlete using Zyrtec, monitor your performance and hydration levels, and consult with your healthcare provider or sports medicine specialist if concerns arise.

Alternatives to Zyrtec for Allergy Relief

While Zyrtec is effective for many individuals, some may prefer alternatives due to side effects or personal preference. Other options for allergy relief include:

1. Other oral antihistamines (Claritin, Allegra, Xyzal)
2. Nasal corticosteroids (Flonase, Nasacort)
3. Decongestants (pseudoephedrine, phenylephrine)
4. Natural remedies (local honey, nasal irrigation)
5. Immunotherapy (allergy shots or sublingual tablets)

The best choice depends on individual symptoms, medical history, and preferences. Always consult with a healthcare provider before switching medications or starting new treatments.

Are there non-medicinal approaches to managing allergies?

Yes, several non-medicinal approaches can help manage allergies:

• Using air purifiers with HEPA filters
• Keeping windows closed during high pollen days
• Showering after being outdoors to remove allergens
• Using allergen-proof bedding covers
• Regular cleaning to reduce indoor allergens

These methods can be used alongside or in some cases instead of medications like Zyrtec, depending on the severity of allergies.

Zyrtec Oral: Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures, Warnings & Dosing

Uses

Cetirizine is an antihistamine used to relieve allergy symptoms such as watery eyes, runny nose, itching eyes/nose, sneezing, hives, and itching. It works by blocking a certain natural substance (histamine) that your body makes during an allergic reaction.Cetirizine does not prevent hives or prevent/treat a serious allergic reaction (such as anaphylaxis). If your doctor has prescribed epinephrine to treat allergic reactions, always carry your epinephrine injector with you. Do not use cetirizine in place of your epinephrine.

How to use Zyrtec

If you are taking the over-the-counter product to self-treat, read all directions on the product package before taking this medication. If you have any questions, consult your pharmacist. If your doctor has prescribed this medication, take it as directed, usually once daily.

If you are using the chewable tablets, chew each tablet well and swallow. If you are using the rapidly-dissolving tablet, allow the tablet to dissolve on the tongue and then swallow, with or without water. If you are using the liquid form of this medication, measure the dose carefully using a special measuring device/spoon. Do not use a household spoon because you may not get the correct dose.

The dosage is based on your age, medical condition, and response to treatment. Do not increase your dose or take this medication more often than directed.

Tell your doctor if your allergy symptoms do not improve, if your hives do not improve after 3 days of treatment, or if your hives last more than 6 weeks. Get medical help right away if your condition worsens or if you think you have a serious medical problem (such as a very serious allergic reaction/anaphylaxis).

Side Effects

Drowsiness, tiredness, and dry mouth may occur. Stomach pain may also occur, especially in children. If any of these effects last or get worse, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly.

If your doctor has prescribed this medication, remember that your doctor has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects. Many people using this medication do not have serious side effects.

Tell your doctor right away if you have any serious side effects, including: difficulty urinating, weakness.

A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare. However, get medical help right away if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction, including: rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing.

This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.

In the US – Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or at www.fda.gov/medwatch.

In Canada – Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345.

Precautions

Before taking cetirizine, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic to it; or to hydroxyzine; or to levocetirizine; or if you have any other allergies. This product may contain inactive ingredients, which can cause allergic reactions or other problems. Talk to your pharmacist for more details.

Before using this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist your medical history, especially of: difficulty urinating (such as due to an enlarged prostate), kidney disease, liver disease.

If you are using this medication to treat hives, tell your doctor right away if you have any of these other symptoms because they may be signs of a more serious condition: hives that are an unusual color, hives that look bruised or blistered, hives that do not itch.

This drug may make you drowsy. Alcohol or marijuana (cannabis) can make you more drowsy. Do not drive, use machinery, or do anything that needs alertness until you can do it safely. Avoid alcoholic beverages. Talk to your doctor if you are using marijuana (cannabis).

Liquid products may contain sugar. Caution is advised if you have diabetes. Ask your doctor or pharmacist about using this product safely.

Before having surgery, tell your doctor or dentist about all the products you use (including prescription drugs, nonprescription drugs, and herbal products).

During pregnancy, this medication should be used only when clearly needed. Discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor.

This medication passes into breast milk. Consult your doctor before breast-feeding.

Interactions

Drug interactions may change how your medications work or increase your risk for serious side effects. This document does not contain all possible drug interactions. Keep a list of all the products you use (including prescription/nonprescription drugs and herbal products) and share it with your doctor and pharmacist. Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicines without your doctor’s approval.

Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking other products that cause drowsiness such as opioid pain or cough relievers (such as codeine, hydrocodone), alcohol, marijuana (cannabis), drugs for sleep or anxiety (such as alprazolam, lorazepam, zolpidem), muscle relaxants (such as carisoprodol, cyclobenzaprine), or other antihistamines (such as chlorpheniramine, diphenhydramine).

Check the labels on all your medicines (such as allergy or cough-and-cold products) because they may contain ingredients that cause drowsiness. Ask your pharmacist about using those products safely.

Do not use with any other antihistamines applied to the skin (such as diphenhydramine cream, ointment, spray) because increased side effects may occur.

Cetirizine is very similar to hydroxyzine and levocetirizine. Do not use these medications while using cetirizine.

This medication may interfere with certain lab tests (such as allergy skin testing), possibly causing false test results. Make sure lab personnel and all your doctors know you use this drug.

Does Zyrtec interact with other drugs you are taking?

Enter your medication into the WebMD interaction checker

Overdose

If someone has overdosed and has serious symptoms such as passing out or trouble breathing, call 911. Otherwise, call a poison control center right away. US residents can call their local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222. Canada residents can call a provincial poison control center. Symptoms of overdose may include: severe drowsiness. In children, mental/mood changes (such as restlessness, irritability) may occur before drowsiness.

Keep all medical and lab appointments.

If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is near the time of the next dose, skip the missed dose. Take your next dose at the regular time. Do not double the dose to catch up.

Store at room temperature away from light and moisture. Do not store in the bathroom. Different brands of this medication may have different storage needs. Check the product package for instructions on how to store your brand, or ask your pharmacist. Keep all medications away from children and pets.

Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. Properly discard this product when it is expired or no longer needed. Consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal company.

Images

Zyrtec 10 mg tablet

Color: whiteShape: rectangular (rounded end)Imprint: ZYRTEC 10 MG

This medicine is a white, rectangular (rounded end), scored, film-coated, tablet imprinted with “ZYRTEC” and “10 MG”.

Zyrtec 10 mg capsule

Color: yellowShape: ovalImprint: Z10

This medicine is a white, rectangular (rounded end), scored, film-coated, tablet imprinted with “ZYRTEC” and “10 MG”.

Zyrtec 10 mg disintegrating tablet

Color: whiteShape: roundImprint: Z10

This medicine is a white, rectangular (rounded end), scored, film-coated, tablet imprinted with “ZYRTEC” and “10 MG”.

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Selected from data included with permission and copyrighted by First Databank, Inc. This copyrighted material has been downloaded from a licensed data provider and is not for distribution, except as may be authorized by the applicable terms of use.

CONDITIONS OF USE: The information in this database is intended to supplement, not substitute for, the expertise and judgment of healthcare professionals. The information is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, drug interactions or adverse effects, nor should it be construed to indicate that use of a particular drug is safe, appropriate or effective for you or anyone else. A healthcare professional should be consulted before taking any drug, changing any diet or commencing or discontinuing any course of treatment.

Zyrtec Uses, Dosage & Side Effects

Generic name: cetirizine [ se-TIR-a-zeen ]
Drug class: Antihistamines

Medically reviewed by Sophia Entringer, PharmD. Last updated on Jul 7, 2023.

What is Zyrtec?

Zyrtec is used in adults and children to treat cold or allergy symptoms such as sneezing, itching, watery eyes, or runny nose.

Zyrtec is also used to treat itching and swelling caused by chronic urticaria (hives).

Zyrtec is an antihistamine that reduces the effects of natural chemical histamine in the body. Histamine can produce symptoms of sneezing, itching, watery eyes, and runny nose.

Warnings

Before using Zyrtec tell your doctor about all your medical conditions or allergies, all medicines you use, and if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.

Zyrtec may impair your thinking or reactions. Be careful if you drive or do anything that requires you to be alert. Drinking alcohol can increase certain side effects of cetirizine.

Tell your doctor if you regularly use other medicines that make you sleepy (such as other cold or allergy medicine, narcotic pain medicine, sleeping pills, muscle relaxers, and medicine for seizures, depression, or anxiety). They can add to sleepiness caused by Zyrtec. Call your doctor if your symptoms do not improve, if they get worse, or if you also have a fever.

Before taking this medicine

You should not use Zyrtec if you are allergic to cetirizine or similar medicines such as: levocetirizine or hydroxyzine.

Ask a doctor or pharmacist before using Zyrtec if you have any health problems.

To make sure Zyrtec is safe for you, tell your doctor if you have ever had:

• recently used alcohol, sedatives, or tranquilizers; or

• liver or kidney disease.

Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.

How should I use Zyrtec?

Take Zyrtece xactly as directed. Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets.

Zyrtec can be taken with or without food.

You must chew the chewable tablet before you swallow it.

Remove an orally disintegrating tablet from the blister pack with dry hands only when you are ready to take the medicine. Take this medicine immediately after opening the blister pack. Allow the orally disintegrating tablet to dissolve in your mouth without chewing.

Measure liquid medicine with the supplied measuring device (not a kitchen spoon).

Your dose needs may change if you switch to a different brand, strength, or form of this medicine. Avoid medication errors by using exactly as directed on the label, or as prescribed by your doctor.

Call your doctor if your symptoms do not improve, or if they get worse.

Store at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light.

Dosing information

Usual Adult Dose for Allergic Rhinitis:

5 to 10 mg orally once a day
-Maximum dose: 10 mg/day.

Usual Adult Dose for Urticaria:

5 to 10 mg orally once a day
-Maximum dose: 10 mg/day.

Usual Geriatric Dose for Allergic Rhinitis:

5 to 10 mg orally once a day
-Maximum dose: 10 mg/day.

Usual Geriatric Dose for Urticaria:

5 to 10 mg orally once a day
-Maximum dose: 10 mg/day

Comment:
-Some experts recommend: Patients over 65 years of age should start with 5 mg orally once a day.

Uses:
-Relief of symptoms associated with perennial allergic rhinitis due to allergens (e.g., sneezing, rhinorrhea, postnasal discharge, nasal pruritus, ocular pruritus, tearing)
-Treatment of uncomplicated skin manifestations of chronic idiopathic urticaria

American Academy of Otolaryngology (AAO) and Head and Neck Surgery Foundation (HNSF) recommendations:
66 to 76 years: 5 to 10 mg orally per day
77 years and older: 5 mg orally per day
Duration of therapy: 6 months or longer

Comment:
-Intranasal antihistamines may be used concomitantly for patients with episodic, perennial, and/or seasonal allergic rhinitis.

Use: Treatment of allergic rhinitis and sneezing and itching

Usual Pediatric Dose for Allergic Rhinitis:

6 months to 2 years:
-Initial dose: 2.5 mg orally once a day
-Maintenance dose: 2.5 mg orally once to 2 times a day
-Maximum dose: 5 mg/day

2 to 5 years:
-Initial dose: 2.5 mg orally once a day
-Maintenance dose: 2.5 mg orally 2 times a day OR 5 mg orally once a day
-Maximum dose: 5 mg/day

6 years and older: 5 to 10 mg orally once a day
-Maximum dose: 10 mg/day.

Usual Pediatric Dose for Urticaria:

6 months to 2 years:
-Initial dose: 2.5 mg orally once a day
-Maintenance dose: 2.5 mg orally once to 2 times a day
-Maximum dose: 5 mg/day

2 to 5 years:
-Initial dose: 2.5 mg orally once a day
-Maintenance dose: 2.5 mg orally 2 times a day OR 5 mg orally once a day
-Maximum dose: 5 mg/day

6 years and older: 5 to 10 mg orally once a day
-Maximum dose: 10 mg/day.

What happens if I miss a dose?

Zyrtec is used when needed. If you are on a dosing schedule, skip any missed dose. Do not use two doses at one time.

What happens if I overdose?

Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222.

Overdose symptoms may include severe drowsiness, vision problems, agitation, fast heartbeats, stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, trouble walking, trouble swallowing or speaking.

What should I avoid while using Zyrtec?

Avoid driving or hazardous activity until you know how this medicine will affect you. Dizziness or drowsiness can cause falls, accidents, or severe injuries.

Drinking alcohol with this medicine can cause side effects.

Zyrtec side effects

Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction to Zyrtec: hives, difficult breathing, swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat.

Common Zyrtec side effects may include:

• nausea, vomiting, diarrhea;

• cough, drowsiness, tiredness;

• headache, dizziness, feeling light-headed;

• feeling hot, sweating;

• numbness, tingling, burning pain;

• altered sense of taste;

• upset stomach, constipation; or

• nosebleed, dry mouth, sore throat.

This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

What other drugs will affect Zyrtec?

Using Zyrtec with other drugs that make you drowsy can worsen this effect. Ask your doctor before using opioid medication, a sleeping pill, a muscle relaxer, or medicine for anxiety or seizures.

Other drugs may interact with cetirizine, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Tell your doctor about all other medicines you use.

Popular FAQ

Cetirizine will start to work within one hour after you take it. It provides allergy relief for 24-hours. It relieves symptoms like sneezing, runny nose, itchy and watery eyes, and itchy nose or throat. If it makes you drowsy, you can take it at bedtime, or as directed by your doctor.

It is best to wait until cetirizine completely leaves your body before you drink alcohol, which may take up to 40 hours (almost 2 days). This is because alcohol can increase the nervous system side effects of cetirizine such as dizziness, drowsiness, and difficulty concentrating. Some people may also find it difficult to think or make good judgements. This calculation is based on the half-life of cetirizine, which is 8.3 hours, and experts say it takes 4 to 5 half-lives for a drug to fully leave your body which works out to 33 to 40 hours.

Benadryl should not be taken at the same time as cetirizine because it can increase side effects such as dizziness, drowsiness, and difficulty concentrating. Some people, especially the elderly or children, may also find their thinking, judgement, and coordination impaired. You should also not drink alcohol while taking either of these medications because it can make these side effects worse.

Cetirizine is classed as a non-drowsy (non-sedating) antihistamine, but it does make some people drowsy. In clinical trials, this side effect appeared to be related to the dose of cetirizine, with higher dosages increasing the risk of feeling drowsy. 1.9% of children aged 6 to 11 years experienced drowsiness with 5mg of cetirizine and 4.2% of children experienced drowsiness with 10mg of cetirizine. Up to 14.3% of adults may be affected by drowsiness with cetirizine.

Cetirizine does not increase blood pressure and blood pressure is not listed as a side effect in the product information. But cetirizine can be found in combination with other medications, such as pseudoephedrine in products such as Zyrtec-D, and pseudoephedrine does increase blood pressure.

More FAQ

• Zyrtec vs Claritin: Which is more effective for allergies?
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Related treatment guides

• Allergic Rhinitis
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Further information

Remember, keep this and all other medicines out of the reach of children, never share your medicines with others, and use Zyrtec only for the indication prescribed.

Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances.

Medical Disclaimer

Copyright 1996-2023 Cerner Multum, Inc. Version: 13.01.

Zyrtec

Allergy to cold is an atypical reaction of the body in response to exposure to low temperatures ¹ . It can occur in children and adults at any age. Such a reaction is associated with the protective mechanisms of the immune system, which are “launched” when the ambient temperature drops ² . Cold allergies can be acquired or hereditary. Its symptoms appear after contact with cold air, water, food or drink ³ .

Most often, exacerbations of the disease occur in winter and autumn due to adverse weather conditions – frost, icy wind ^2.3 . However, an allergy attack can occur at any time of the year ^2.3 : it is enough to encounter a provoking factor (for example, swimming in cold water or drinking a drink with ice).

The main manifestation of cold allergy is the appearance of rashes in the form of blisters on the skin a few minutes after cooling ³ . They look like reddened, well-defined raised round spots with a diameter of 1 millimeter to several centimeters ⁴ . Most often, rashes occur on open areas of the body – hands and face. Sometimes the blisters do not appear on the cooled area of ​​the skin, but around it ¹ . Urticaria is accompanied by itching and burning. The symptoms increase with warming and then disappear within an hour ³ . In some cases, the rash persists for several days. Swelling of the throat, lips, and tongue may occur after eating cold food or drinks.0003 3 . The severity of the reaction depends on the cooling area3. In people who are very sensitive to low temperatures, an allergy attack is severe: it is accompanied by nausea, vomiting, changes in blood pressure, heart rhythm disturbances, and even fainting ¹ .

Causes of cold urticaria

^1.3

It is not known for certain why some people’s immune systems react unusually to low temperatures, while others do not. In most cases, cold urticaria is idiopathic, that is, it is not possible to determine the exact causes of the development of the disease.

What is familial cold urticaria?

¹

Separately, familial cold urticaria is distinguished: with this form of the disease, several close relatives have increased sensitivity to low temperatures. In this case, the allergic reaction is accompanied not only by rashes in the form of blisters, but also by other symptoms. So, 1-2 hours after cooling, the temperature may rise, headache, nausea, excruciating thirst, drowsiness, aching joints may appear. Usually, the symptoms increase within 6-8 hours, and after a day they completely disappear.

Diagnosis of cold allergy

^3.5

Some people feel a little unwell in the cold, but after returning to a warm room, the state of health returns to normal. This condition does not indicate the presence of an allergy. However, if after being in the cold, rashes appear on the hands, face or other parts of the body, malaise occurs (headache, heart palpitations, chills, nausea, weakness, etc.), you should consult a doctor. Only a specialist can distinguish a cold allergy from other diseases and recommend how to treat it. To confirm the diagnosis, a cold test is usually performed. A piece of ice is applied to the patient’s skin and the reaction is evaluated after a few minutes. If blisters appear at the site of exposure, then the sample is considered positive.

Cold allergy treatment

^1.3

It is impossible to completely cure a cold allergy, but its unpleasant manifestations can be reduced. The treatment regimen should be developed by the doctor after the examination.

Medical symptomatic treatment

To treat the disease and relieve the symptoms of urticaria, second-generation antihistamines are prescribed. These funds are available in various dosage forms: tablets, drops, etc. They are used in accordance with the appointment of a specialist.

ZIRTEC® for relief of symptoms of urticaria

^6.7

ZIRTEK® is a modern drug for allergies, one of the indications for which is chronic idiopathic urticaria. ZIRTEC® contains the active ingredient cetirizine. In accordance with the instructions for medical use, it has an antihistamine effect, prevents the development and alleviates the course of allergies ^6.7 .

The drug is available in two dosage forms – drops and tablets. ZIRTEK® drops do not contain sugar, dyes and flavors, ZIRTEK® tablets do not contain corn starch, thus ZIRTEK® does not cause additional allergic reactions associated with these substances ^6.7 . Before using the product, you must read the instructions and consult with a specialist.

Patient Advice

¹

With a cold allergy, it is important to try to avoid cooling the skin and mucous membranes. In the autumn-winter period, you should dress according to the weather, wear a hat. People with hypersensitivity to low temperatures are not recommended to eat cold food and drinks, swim in open water, and exercise outside in frosty weather. In case of any deterioration in well-being, it is important to consult a doctor in a timely manner and follow all his recommendations.

1. Osipova V. Recommendations for cold allergy. Journal “Asthma and Allergy”, 2014, No. 4, P.17–18.

2. RAAKI, Federal Clinical Guidelines for the Care of Children with Urticaria. Moscow, 2015

3. Macharadze D.Sh. Cold urticaria: features of diagnosis and treatment. Attending doctor. 2010, no. 9, p. 49.

4. Nurmukhametova E. Urticaria and angioedema. RMJ, 1998. No. 8, S. 14.

5. All about allergies. Complete guide. Ed. N.V. Morozova. Eksmo; Moscow; 2010, p.155.

6. Instructions for the medical use of the drug Zirtek®, P N011930/01, http://grls. rosminzdrav.ru/, access date: 11/17/2021. The use of the drug in children aged 6 to 12 months is possible only on prescription and under strict medical control.

7. Instructions for medical use of the drug Zyrtec® P N014186/01, http://grls.rosminzdrav.ru/, accessed: 11/17/2021

8. Luss L.V. “Food Allergy and Food Intolerance: Reference Tables and Recommendations. Russian Allergological Journal. 2011, No. 3. P. 93-100

Dosage, analogues, active substance, for which it is prescribed

Publication date: 08/25/2022

CONTRAINDICATIONS. POSSIBLE SIDE EFFECTS. A SPECIALIST’S CONSULTATION IS REQUIRED.Allergic rhinitisAllergyAllergy to coldPillsInjections for allergies

• Zyrtec: what is it for
• Zyrtec: active ingredient
• Zyrtec: composition
• Zyrtec: dosage
• Zyrtec: drops for children
• Zirtek: analogues
• Zirtek or Zodak: which is better
• Zirtek or Cetrin: which is better
• Zirtek or Erius: which is better
• Summary
• Ask an expert on the topic of the article 9008 0

Allergic rhinitis is a disease accompanied by itching in the nasal cavity, endless watery discharge from the nose, paroxysmal sneezing and absolute nasal congestion. And such symptoms appear with the beginning of flowering plants. It’s all about the reaction of the body to irritating factors from the outside. In the case of allergic rhinitis, this is plant pollen.

During this period, people suffering from this disease are helped by antihistamines. One of them is Zyrtec. We asked pharmacist Kristina Khokhrina to tell us more about it, and this is what she told us: what it is used for, what is included in the composition of the product, in what dosage it is used and whether it is suitable for children. We also provided a small list of similar antihistamines and found differences between Zirtek and Zodak, Citrine and Erius.

All products Zyrtec

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Zyrtec: what

Zyrtec is used for for allergies. The main indications for the use of Zirtek:

• allergic rhinitis
• allergic conjunctivitis
• symptoms of chronic urticaria

The drug acts on the skin one hour after ingestion. Maximum efficiency is achieved within 2-12 hours. The effect gradually decreases, but persists for a day.

Zyrtec active ingredient

Zyrtec composition

Zyrtec is available in two forms: drops and tablets. Let’s talk about the composition of both drugs. The active substance in both forms is the same, only the auxiliary components change, since they determine the form of the drug.

Zyrtec drops: glycerol, propylene glycol, sodium saccharinate, methylparabenzene, propylparabenzene, sodium acetate, glacial acetic acid, purified water.

Zyrtec tablets: microcrystalline cellulose, lactose monohydrate, colloidal silicon dioxide, magnesium stearate, hypromellose, titanium dioxide, macrogol.

Zyrtec: dosage

The dosage of Zyrtec is determined by the amount of active ingredient per 1 ml drops or 1 tablet. In both cases, cetirizine is contained in a dosage of 10 mg.

The drug is prescribed for adults and children from 6 months. For each age, a certain dose is established. The manufacturer recommends taking Zirtek in the evening, as the symptoms of allergic diseases are most pronounced at night. It is taken with or without food and can be taken with water as needed.

Adults are advised to take 20 drops or 1 tablet once a day, which corresponds to a dosage of the substance of 10 mg. Reception Zirtek in drops can be single in the evening or divided into 2 doses. For example, 10 drops in the morning and evening.

Zyrtec side effects

Zyrtec may rarely cause the following side effects:

• general fatigue
• dizziness
• headache
• abdominal pain
• dry mouth
• nausea
• drowsiness

Children may additionally develop diarrhea. When taking medication, pay attention to your condition. If any changes appear, described or not described in the instructions, or if allergy symptoms increase, consult a doctor.

Zyrtec Drops for Children

Zyrtec should only be used in children aged 6 to 12 months on prescription and under the supervision of a physician. The drug is prescribed depending on age:

• 6 to 12 months: Take 5 drops (2.5 mg) once a day
• 1 to 6 years: Take 5 drops (2.5 mg) twice a day in the morning and evening, or 10 drops (5 mg) once a day in the evening
• 6 to 12 years: Take 20 drops (10 mg) once daily
• over 12 years: take 20 drops (10 mg) once a day

Zyrtec may be used during pregnancy only after consulting a physician if the expected benefit to the mother outweighs the potential risk to the fetus. The same applies to use during lactation, since cetirizine passes into the mother’s breast milk.

Zyrtec: analogues

Zyrtec is one of the representatives of the group of antihistamines. Its analogues contain the same active ingredient: cetirizine:

• Cetirizine
• Zincette
• Zodak
• Cetrin
• Sensor
• Soloneks

Preparations with a different composition, for example, Erius, can also be analogues of Zyrtec. Let’s compare Zodak with some of the remedies from this list.

Zyrtec or Zodak: which is better

The preparations have the same active substance, which defines them as anti-allergic agents. Indications for use, dosage of the active substance, side effects and other characteristics of Zirtek and Zodak are the same.

The preparations are as similar as possible and even have the same forms of release: drops and tablets. The only difference is the manufacturers. Zyrtec is made in Switzerland, and Zodak is made in Russia, which is reflected in the price of the funds. Therefore, when choosing what is better to buy: Zodak or Zirtek, be guided by your preference, since the drugs are identical in terms of effectiveness.

Zyrtec or Cetrin: which is better

Similar to Zyrtec, Cetrin contains the same active ingredient in the same dosage of tofu. According to their characteristics, the preparations are identical, except that only Cetrin’s indications are slightly wider. It is additionally used for:

• allergic pruritic dermatoses: atopic dermatitis, etc.
• angioedema angioedema

Cetrin is available in tablet form only and is indicated for use in adults and children over 6 years of age, just like Zyrtec tablets. Manufacturers of drugs are also different, Citrine is produced in India. When choosing products, pay attention to the age of the patient and your preference in the manufacturer.

Zyrtec or Erius: which is better

Zyrtec and Erius are medicines for allergic manifestations. Their most important difference is the active substance.

Erius – contains desloratadine. It is produced in the form of tablets and syrup. The dosage of the active substance is 5 mg per 1 tablet and 0.5 mg per 1 ml of syrup. Erius is used by adults and children from 12 years old, and syrup can be given from 1 year old. The use of Erius does not adversely affect driving.

The method of administration depends on the age of the patient. Of course, manufacturers also differ: Erius is a Belgian drug.

Zyrtec – contains cetirizine. There are much more contraindications for use than Erius. Caution should be exercised when driving vehicles, as cetirizine causes drowsiness.

Thus, when choosing an antihistamine Erius or Zodak, pay attention to the list of contraindications and side effects. Especially if your activity is connected with increased concentration of attention.

All products Cetrin

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All products Zodak

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All products Erius

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Summary

• Zyrtec is an antihistamine that is used to eliminate allergic reactions in allergic rhinitis and conjunctivitis, as well as urticaria.
• The active substance of Zyrtec is cetirizine, and the auxiliary components depend on the form of release: drops or tablets.
• The dosage of Zirtek is the same, for example, 1 tablet or 20 drops of the drug contains 10 mg of the active ingredient.