How can you identify pubic lice. What are the most effective over-the-counter treatments for crab lice. Which prescription medications are available for treating pubic lice infestations. How to properly apply lice-killing products for optimal results. What steps should be taken to prevent reinfestation after treatment. Are there any special considerations for treating lice on eyebrows or eyelashes.

Understanding Pubic Lice: Symptoms and Identification

Pubic lice, commonly known as “crabs,” are tiny parasitic insects that infest the pubic hair area. Recognizing the symptoms is crucial for early detection and treatment. Common signs include:

• Intense itching in the pubic region
• Visible lice or eggs (nits) attached to hair shafts
• Small blue or gray spots on the skin
• Fever or irritability in severe cases

Can pubic lice spread to other parts of the body? While they primarily inhabit the pubic area, these parasites can also infest other coarse body hair, including chest hair, armpit hair, and occasionally eyebrows and eyelashes.

Over-the-Counter Treatments: First Line of Defense

For most cases of pubic lice, over-the-counter treatments are highly effective. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends two primary options:

1. 1% permethrin lotion
2. Pyrethrins and piperonyl butoxide mousse

These products are readily available at local pharmacies without a prescription. How do these treatments work? Both permethrin and pyrethrins are insecticides that paralyze and kill lice. Piperonyl butoxide enhances the effectiveness of pyrethrins by preventing lice from breaking down the insecticide.

Proper Application of OTC Treatments

To maximize the effectiveness of these treatments, follow these steps:

1. Wash and towel-dry the infested area
2. Apply the medication thoroughly to all affected areas
3. Leave the product on for the recommended time (usually 8-12 hours)
4. Rinse off the medication as directed
5. Comb through hair to remove dead lice and nits

Is a single treatment enough to eliminate pubic lice? In many cases, yes. However, to ensure complete eradication, a second treatment 9-10 days after the first is often recommended to kill any newly hatched lice.

Prescription Medications for Stubborn Infestations

When over-the-counter treatments fail or in cases of severe infestation, healthcare providers may prescribe stronger medications. These include:

Lindane Shampoo

Lindane is a powerful insecticide available by prescription. However, due to potential neurotoxicity, it is not recommended as a first-line treatment. Who should avoid using lindane? The CDC advises against its use in:

• Premature infants
• Persons with seizure disorders
• Pregnant or breastfeeding women
• Individuals with irritated skin or open sores
• Children, elderly, and those weighing less than 110 pounds

Malathion Lotion

Malathion 0.5% lotion (Ovide) is an effective prescription treatment for lice. While it can kill both lice and some eggs, it’s important to note that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has not specifically approved it for pubic lice treatment.

Ivermectin

Both topical and oral ivermectin have shown success in treating lice infestations. Currently, only topical ivermectin lotion is FDA-approved for lice treatment. Oral ivermectin, while sometimes used off-label, lacks FDA approval for this specific purpose.

Comprehensive Treatment Approach: Beyond Medication

Effectively treating pubic lice involves more than just applying medication. A holistic approach includes:

• Washing all clothing, bedding, and towels used in the 2-3 days before treatment
• Using hot water (at least 130°F) and high heat in the dryer
• Dry cleaning or sealing non-washable items in plastic bags for two weeks
• Informing sexual partners from the previous month about potential exposure
• Abstaining from sexual contact until both partners are treated and re-evaluated

Why is it crucial to treat all potentially infested items? Pubic lice can survive for 1-2 days away from a human host. Thorough cleaning prevents reinfestation from lingering lice in the environment.

Special Considerations for Eyebrow and Eyelash Infestations

Treating pubic lice on eyebrows or eyelashes requires special care due to the sensitivity of the eye area. Standard lice medications should never be used near the eyes. Instead, consider these approaches:

• Manual removal with fingernails or a fine-toothed comb for light infestations
• Application of prescription ophthalmic-grade petrolatum ointment to eyelid margins

How often should ophthalmic ointment be applied? For optimal results, apply the ointment 2-4 times daily for 10 days. It’s crucial to use only prescribed, ophthalmic-grade products, as regular petrolatum can irritate the eyes.

Natural and Home Remedies: Supplementary Approaches

While medical treatments are the most reliable method for eliminating pubic lice, some individuals seek natural alternatives or complementary therapies. These may include:

• Tea tree oil: Known for its insecticidal properties
• Neem oil: A traditional remedy with pest-repelling qualities
• Vinegar rinses: May help loosen nits for easier removal
• Anise oil: Some studies suggest effectiveness against head lice

Can these natural remedies replace medical treatments? While they may offer some benefits, natural remedies are generally not as reliable or well-studied as FDA-approved treatments. They should be considered supplementary rather than primary treatments.

Prevention and Long-Term Management

Preventing reinfestation and managing long-term risks of pubic lice involves several key strategies:

1. Practice safe sex and limit the number of sexual partners
2. Avoid sharing clothing, towels, or bedding with infected individuals
3. Regularly inspect the pubic area for signs of lice, especially after potential exposure
4. Maintain good personal hygiene
5. Consider routine STD testing, as pubic lice can be an indicator of other sexually transmitted infections

How long should you wait before resuming sexual activity after treatment? It’s advisable to wait until both you and your partner(s) have completed treatment and been re-evaluated to ensure the infestation has cleared.

When to Seek Professional Medical Help

While many cases of pubic lice can be treated at home, certain situations warrant professional medical attention:

• Persistent infestation despite proper use of over-the-counter treatments
• Severe skin irritation or signs of secondary infection
• Infestation in children or elderly individuals
• Presence of lice on eyebrows or eyelashes
• Uncertainty about the diagnosis or proper treatment method

What can you expect during a medical consultation for pubic lice? A healthcare provider will typically perform a physical examination, confirm the diagnosis, and may prescribe stronger treatments if necessary. They can also provide guidance on preventing reinfestation and screening for other STDs.

In conclusion, while pubic lice infestations can be distressing, they are highly treatable with the right approach. By combining effective medications, thorough hygiene practices, and preventive measures, most individuals can successfully eliminate these parasites and prevent future infestations. Remember, early detection and prompt treatment are key to managing pubic lice effectively and minimizing discomfort and potential complications.

CDC – Lice – Pubic “Crab” Lice

A lice-killing lotion containing 1% permethrin or a mousse containing pyrethrins and piperonyl butoxide can be used to treat pubic (“crab”) lice. These products are available over-the-counter without a prescription at a local drug store or pharmacy. These medications are safe and effective when used exactly according to the instructions in the package or on the label.

Lindane shampoo is a prescription medication that can kill lice and lice eggs. However, lindane is not recommended as a first-line therapy. Lindane can be toxic to the brain and other parts of the nervous system; its use should be restricted to patients who have failed treatment with or cannot tolerate other medications that pose less risk. Lindane should not be used to treat premature infants, persons with a seizure disorder, women who are pregnant or breast-feeding, persons who have very irritated skin or sores where the lindane will be applied, infants, children, the elderly, and persons who weigh less than 110 pounds.

Malathion* lotion 0.5% (Ovide*) is a prescription medication that can kill lice and some lice eggs; however, malathion lotion (Ovide*) currently has not been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treatment of pubic (“crab”) lice.

Both topical and oral ivermectin have been used successfully to treat lice; however, only topical ivermectin lotion currently is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treatment of lice. Oral ivermectin is not FDA-approved for treatment of lice.

How to treat pubic lice infestations: (Warning: See special instructions for treatment of lice and nits on eyebrows or eyelashes. The lice medications described in this section should not be used near the eyes.)

1. Wash the infested area; towel dry.
2. Carefully follow the instructions in the package or on the label. Thoroughly saturate the pubic hair and other infested areas with lice medication. Leave medication on hair for the time recommended in the instructions. After waiting the recommended time, remove the medication by following carefully the instructions on the label or in the box.
3. Following treatment, most nits will still be attached to hair shafts. Nits may be removed with fingernails or by using a fine-toothed comb.
4. Put on clean underwear and clothing after treatment.
5. To kill any lice or nits remaining on clothing, towels, or bedding, machine-wash and machine-dry those items that the infested person used during the 2–3 days before treatment. Use hot water (at least 130°F) and the hot dryer cycle.
6. Items that cannot be laundered can be dry-cleaned or stored in a sealed plastic bag for 2 weeks.
7. All sex partners from within the previous month should be informed that they are at risk for infestation and should be treated.
8. Persons should avoid sexual contact with their sex partner(s) until both they and their partners have been successfully treated and reevaluated to rule out persistent infestation.
9. Repeat treatment in 9–10 days if live lice are still found.
10. Persons with pubic lice should be evaluated for other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).

Special instructions for treatment of lice and nits found on eyebrows or eyelashes:

• If only a few live lice and nits are present, it may be possible to remove these with fingernails or a nit comb.
• If additional treatment is needed for lice or nits on the eyelashes, careful application of ophthalmic-grade petrolatum ointment (only available by prescription) to the eyelid margins 2–4 times a day for 10 days is effective. Regular petrolatum (e.g., Vaseline)* should not be used because it can irritate the eyes if applied.

*Use of trade names is for identification purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the Public Health Service or by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

This information is not meant to be used for self-diagnosis or as a substitute for consultation with a health care provider. If you have any questions about the parasites described above or think that you may have a parasitic infection, consult a health care provider.

Page last reviewed: September 12, 2019

Content source: Global Health, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria

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Where Can I Get Treated For Pubic Lice?

In This Section

• Pubic Lice (Crabs)

• What are the symptoms of pubic lice?

• Do I have pubic lice?

• How do I treat pubic lice?

• How can I prevent getting or spreading pubic lice?

Pubic lice are easy to treat — you usually don’t even need a doctor’s prescription. You can get over-the-counter pubic lice treatment at a drugstore, or from your nurse or doctor.

What’s the treatment for pubic lice?

Pubic lice treatments are easy to use and come in gels, shampoos, liquids, and foam. Most are sold over-the-counter in drugstores, so you can buy them without getting a prescription from a doctor first. Common brands are A-200, Rid, and Nix. Follow the directions that come in the package carefully. You may need to use the treatment more than once.

You can get stronger medicines for pubic lice with a prescription. If you have lice in your eyebrows or eyelashes, you need a special kind of treatment that you can only get from your nurse or doctor. If you’re pregnant or breastfeeding, talk to your nurse or doctor before using any treatment.

Anyone you’ve had intimate contact with should treat themselves at the same time, so you don’t pass crabs back and forth. Always use freshly-washed clothes, towels, and bedding after you finish treatment.

What do I need to do to get rid of pubic lice?

Even after you finish the treatment, most of the nits (lice eggs) will stay stuck to your hairs. You can pick them off with your fingernails or a fine-toothed comb.

Along with using medication, wash or dry clean all of your bedding and towels. Also wash or dry clean any clothing that you wore while you had crabs. Wash these fabrics on the hottest setting, and dry them on the hot cycle for at least 20 minutes.

You can also put fabrics that can’t be washed in a sealed bag for 2 weeks, until the crabs and their eggs die out. You can also vacuum rugs and furniture. You don’t need to call an exterminator or fumigate your home.

Tell your sexual partners and anyone else you’ve had intimate contact with during the last month that they may have crabs. You should all treat yourselves at the same time so you don’t re-infect each other. And don’t have sex or any other kind of intimate contact until everyone finishes their treatment and knows their crabs are gone for good. It’s also a good idea to get tested for other STDs.

If you still see live lice after 9-10 days, do the treatment again. And make sure you’ve washed everything you needed to, and that your sexual partners did the treatment too. If the crabs still don’t go away, talk to your nurse or doctor.

Is there a home remedy for public lice?

Home remedies like hot baths or shaving don’t work. Treatments that soothe itching (like hydrocortisone cream) can help you feel better, but they won’t cure your crabs. The only thing that will actually get rid of your crabs for good are medicines meant to kill pubic lice. 

Trying to treat your pubic lice with home remedies can make your infection worse, and waiting to treat your pubic lice can make it more likely that you’ll spread the crabs to other people. 

Pubic lice are easy to treat — you usually don’t even need a prescription. You can get over-the-counter pubic lice treatment at a drugstore, or from your nurse or doctor.

More questions from patients:

How long does pubic lice live on clothes?

Pubic lice (crabs) feed on human blood. So if one falls off your body, it usually dies within 1–2 days. However, their eggs can take about 6–10 days to hatch. So if an egg is on your clothing or bed sheets, that can cause another infection. 

To get rid of pubic lice and their eggs, machine wash and dry your clothes and bed sheets in hot water (at least 130°F) and the high heat drying cycle. Clothes and other things that aren’t washable can be dry-cleaned or sealed in a plastic bag and stored for 2 weeks (until the lice and eggs die out).

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How to quickly and competently cure pediculosis?

One of the main features of the parasitic disease of pediculosis is the rapid spread of the disease and a quick cure, which cannot be called quite expensive either in time or in material resources. This disease has come to us since ancient times, when outbreaks of epidemics and foci of unsanitary conditions were integral companions of people’s daily lives.

However, modern doctors deny the theory that the causative agents of human pediculosis – head, body and pubic lice choose their owner in accordance with the regularity of their observance of the basic rules of personal and public hygiene, since lice are often found in people who are quite scrupulous in matters of self-care.

In fact, lice are much more likely to cling to people who are prone to more frequent water procedures, since the protective film of sebum produced by the sebaceous glands, which prevents lice from biting and feeding, does not linger on their skin. The absence of an additional protective barrier on the skin creates an optimal environment for the pathological activity of lice, so doctors strongly advise not to exceed the number of bath procedures per day, it is enough to limit yourself to 1-2.

Lice do not feed on pieces of the upper layers of the skin or hairline, as many people think. Lice are blood-sucking organisms that, in the process of evolution, have adapted perfectly to obtaining food. At the end of their paws there are special hooks with which lice cling to hair roots during feeding, and their oral apparatus is adapted to pierce the epidermis and absorb blood.
The definition of pediculosis will not be difficult if you know about the characteristic symptoms that reveal the parasitic activity of lice:

1. Detection of live insects in the scalp, on eyelashes and eyebrows, on mustaches and beards, on bed linen and in folds of clothing, in the armpit and around the genitals;
2. Detection of lice eggs, which look like rounded white or yellow grains, which are usually found at the very base of the hair shaft;
3. Constant feeling of itching in the areas affected by parasites, caused by lice bites and injection into the wounds of the secret of the salivary glands;
4. Redness and scratching at the sites of bites, accumulation of pigment cells under the upper layers of the epidermis, a yellow border around bite wounds;
5. Dark spots of blue or bluish color in places of the most active vital activity of parasites;
6. The appearance of rashes, abscesses and boils, which is a consequence of a violation of the integrity of the skin during the feeding of lice;
7. The affected area of ​​the skin thickens, becomes rough to the touch;
8. In the case of prolonged parasitism of lice on the same host, the hair follicles become inflamed, interruptions occur in their normal functioning, which causes folliculitis.

The treatment of pediculosis consists of several stages: inhibition of the vital activity of lice, combing out nits and dead parasites from the hairline, heat treatment of clothes, personal hygiene items and washing of bed linen of a person suffering from pediculosis, and then repeated chemical treatment of the affected skin area and combing out the lice so as not to cause a recurrence of the disease in the event of an inattentive check of the skin and hairline for the presence of parasites after the first treatment.

Medicines for the elimination of lice are divided into products for external use and products for internal use. Means of internal use are aimed at changing the chemical composition of the blood to a more toxic one for parasites, which negatively affects their vital functions, killing lice during feeding. Substances for external use are safer and less harmful to humans, since they directly affect parasites, inhibiting their activity by asphyxiation.

In some topical products, substances such as permethrin, phenothrin, malathion and pyrethrin can be found in the composition. These components help not only to kill living insects, but also act on the compacted membrane of nits, dissolving it and killing the larva inside even before it leaves the egg. Such drugs help to more effectively fight pediculosis, since they simultaneously destroy adult lice and prevent the larvae from developing, which prevents the appearance of new offspring of parasites.

For effective removal of lice and nits, doctors strongly recommend drugs such as Nittifor, Para Plus, Pedex, Spray-Pax, Nix, Spregal, Medifox, Hygia shampoo, permethrin ointment, Nit, Pediculen, Nudu, Reed and Medilis Malathion.

The use of these preparations is the chemical part of getting rid of lice and nits. After using one of these products, dead insects and nits should be combed out with a fine-toothed comb over a sheet or over a white sheet of paper (light-colored material is needed to more accurately check the hairline for parasites). After using an external lice remover, you can not wash your head for another two days. If necessary, treatment with the drug should be repeated no later than three days later. If most of the parasites remain alive after treating the skin with a chemical agent, then this drug is not suitable for you and it must be replaced with another one.

Treatment of pediculosis in children consists in careful heat treatment of the child’s personal belongings, washing and ironing clothes and bed linen, as well as treating the affected area with a drug that does not contain aggressive synthetic insecticides that can negatively affect the physiological functions of the baby’s body. Until complete recovery, it is best to limit the appearance of the child in crowded places so that he does not become a source of infection.

You can also get rid of lice in children with the help of alternative therapy methods, which are more gentle in effect, but are not inferior in effectiveness to pharmacy products. A mixture of turpentine and olive vegetable oil in a ratio of 1:10 can be applied to the affected skin area so that the turpentine does not cause chemical burns on the skin.

Eliminate parasites and dissolve the adhesive that attaches the nits to the hair fibers, which will facilitate the task of combing out the lice, parsley decoction with crushed black cumin seeds and petroleum jelly will help. The consistency of the mixture is quite thick, which will create unfavorable conditions for feeding and development of parasites.

In the fight against pediculosis, a garlic-onion mask to get rid of lice will be an excellent helper. Onion must be finely chopped, add 3-4 cloves of crushed garlic and 2 egg yolks. This mixture is best heated in a water bath, then applied to the scalp and wrapped with a scarf to create an additional thermal effect. Lice cannot stand the specific aroma of onions and die from suffocation.

Women during pregnancy and breastfeeding need to remember that the treatment of pediculosis should not include the use of drugs with many aggressive components that can penetrate the fetus through the placenta or adversely affect the composition of milk, changing it to more toxic for the baby.

The best solution to get rid of pediculosis will be alternative therapy methods that allow you to effectively deal with the pathological activity of lice, while not having a harmful effect on the mother’s body and on the baby’s still fragile body.

You can neutralize parasites with cranberry juice, boric ointment, tar soap and mint decoction with pomegranate juice. You can also use essential oils that are too strong for lice, such as geranium, lavender, lemon, or tea tree.

Since the skin of a woman during pregnancy is highly sensitive, doctors do not recommend the use of apple or table vinegar to combat lice in pregnant women, since even a low concentration of the agent can cause chemical burns of the skin.

Preventive measures against lice infestation consist of the systematic observance of personal and social hygiene rules, which include regular washing of the body and head, regular washing and ironing of clothes and bedding, the use of lavender oil or tea tree oil to repel parasites. You also need to remember that your personal items, such as hair ties and hairpins, a comb, hats, as well as wardrobe items and a towel, are strictly yours and cannot be shared with anyone else.

It is mandatory to visit a doctor several times a year for preventive examinations, which will help to detect the presence of diseases even at the asymptomatic stage.

The elimination of pediculosis can not be called too troublesome, but the treatment of this disease must be taken seriously so that the problem does not bother you again in the future. In order to prevent a recurrence of the disease, it is necessary to carefully and scrupulously follow all the rules for fighting lice, sparing no effort and free time.

Where does head lice come from and how to get rid of lice

Likbez

Health

January 10, 2022

The good news is that parasites cannot jump over you from another person. But there are other ways to get infected.

What is pediculosis

Pediculosis (from Latin pediculus – louse) is an infection of the skin and hair with lice.

Usually, parts of the body covered with hair suffer from the attack of small blood-sucking insects: head lice live on the head, and pubic lice in the genital area. However, the latter are not averse to traveling, so they are found, among other things, on the hair of the hips, torso and face: in the beard, mustache, eyebrows and even on the eyelashes.

There is another kind of lice – body lice. They do not settle on the skin, but in clothes or bedding, usually near the seams. But, like the other two species, they feed on human blood. That is, they bite.

How to recognize head lice

Lice infestation does not necessarily have symptoms. But if signs of pediculosis appear, they usually look like this.

• Severe itching. It is caused by an allergic reaction to substances found in insect saliva.
• Feeling of movement in the hair. Adult lice can sometimes be seen with the naked eye. However, this is not always the case: these insects are small, move quickly and hide from the light. In addition, they know how to disguise themselves as hair color: for example, brown-haired and brunette lice look darker. Therefore, most often you can notice the presence of insects by a slight sensation of stirring in the hair.
• Skin sores. Small red and inflamed dots appear at the site of bites – due to the fact that a person is furiously combing an itchy place.
• Visible lice eggs (nits) on hair shafts. An adult female is capable of laying up to 8 eggs per day. Usually it fixes them at the base of the hair – at a distance of no more than 5-6 mm from the skin. The nits are approximately 0.8 x 0.3 mm in size, oval in shape and white or yellowish in color. The easiest way to notice empty eggs from which nymphs have already hatched (young lice that have to go through several molts before they become adults and can reproduce): they are larger and slide a little along the hair, moving away from the skin.

See what nits look like on hair

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Why lice are dangerous

Body lice are the main carriers of such diseases as epidemic typhus, trench fever and relapsing fever (aka relapsing fever). However, in normal life, such situations are extremely rare. Firstly, this type of insect is transmitted mainly in conditions of poor hygiene and overcrowding (for example, in military barracks, trenches) or among people with a very low social status. Secondly, in order for the infection to spread, there must be at least one infected person.

Head and pubic lice do not carry dangerous diseases, bacterial or viral. However, constant itching causes discomfort. Plus, combing the bites, you can bring some kind of infection into the wound, which will lead to inflammation.

When to see a doctor

If you or your child have lice and plan to start treatment (even over-the-counter products), doctors from the American medical organization Mayo Clinic recommend that you still consult with a general practitioner or pediatrician. The reason is that it is not uncommon for parents to treat pediculosis children who do not actually have a parasite infestation. For detected nits and lice take:

• dandruff;
• residues of various hair products – varnish, dry shampoo, gel;
• natural thickening on some hairs;
• dirt or small debris;
• other small insects accidentally caught in the hair.

There is one more nuance. Signs of a head lice infestation are similar to those of scabies. Therefore, it is better to check with the doctor’s opinion in order to make an accurate diagnosis.

How a doctor diagnoses head lice

The gold standard for detecting head lice, according to the American Academy of Pediatrics, is the wet hair test. They pass it like this. The doctor applies a conditioner or balm to the hair, and then combs it with a comb with long, fine teeth – from the skin to the very ends. This procedure helps the physician to visually detect nits and live lice, if any.

Pubic lice are diagnosed by examining the affected areas at close range. To do this, use a Wood’s lamp – a fluorescent device that emits light in the ultraviolet range. Under its rays, the affected areas of the skin begin to glow, and the doctor is able to accurately examine the rash or sores. In addition, nits become more visible. An indirect way to detect pubic lice is the presence of small dark brown grains (excrement of parasites) on the skin and underwear.

If you suspect pediculosis, which is caused by body lice, it is necessary to examine clothes and bed linen, especially in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe seams. Diagnosis is based on symptoms and insects found.

How to get rid of lice

Treatment depends on where the parasites are found.

How to get rid of head lice

Over the counter products are usually sufficient. In particular, one of the most popular options is a pyrethrin-based shampoo, lotion, or spray. This is the name of the chemical compounds that are obtained from chrysanthemums. Pyrethrins are toxic to lice. There is also a synthetic, that is, an artificial form of pyrethrin – permethrin. It is also often used in anti-pediculosis drugs.

The scheme for using such preparations is indicated in the instructions and usually looks like this:

1. Rinse hair with a solution of table vinegar (1 tablespoon per liter of warm water). It will dissolve the sticky substance that holds the nits to the hair and make them easier to remove.
2. Wash hair with shampoo. It is important that it does not contain conditioning agents, such as silicone. Such compounds envelop each hair, fix nits on it and worsen the effect of pyrethrins.
3. Towel dry your hair and apply an anti-pediculosis agent. Leave for the period specified in the instructions.
4. Rinse thoroughly from hair. It is better to do this over a sink rather than in a shower or bath so that the active ingredients of the lotion or spray do not get on the skin: in some cases they can cause irritation.
5. Dry hair and comb thoroughly with a thick comb to remove any nits.
6. Repeat after 9-10 days.

In the interval between treatments, it makes sense to comb your hair every 3-4 days with the same thick comb to remove any remaining lice eggs.

If pyrethrin products don’t work, your doctor will give you a prescription drug, such as ivermectin or karbofos, that is more potent but also more toxic.

There are also traditional ways to get rid of lice. However, you should not rely too much on their effectiveness.

• Essential oils. Indeed, there are small clinical studies demonstrating: tea tree, anise, ylang-ylang oils can destroy lice (this is due to the fact that the access to air is blocked for insects). However, doctors consider the effectiveness of such products questionable. And be warned: essential oils can irritate the skin.
• Vegetable oil, butter, vaseline, mayonnaise. These products, in theory, act in the same way as essential oils: they block the access of air, and the lice, on which the fat has got, simply suffocate. To enhance this effect, it is recommended to hide the hair in a mask of oil or petroleum jelly under a shower cap and leave it overnight. However, how effective this method is is not yet clear.
• Use of a hair dryer. Hot air helps destroy some of the nits by dehydrating them. However, for adult insects, it is not so dangerous. In addition, doctors consider the air flow rate from a conventional hair dryer insufficient to properly dry the lice eggs.
• Kerosene, gasoline. These products are highly flammable, which means that their use is associated with a serious risk to health and life. In addition, breathing fumes of kerosene or gasoline is also dangerous.

How to get rid of pubic lice

Doctors also recommend pyrethrin-based products in the form of a shampoo, lotion or cream for the treatment of head lice.

It is important for the sexual partner to undergo treatment for pubic lice in order to prevent re-infection.

If pubic lice have invaded the eyelashes, the situation is somewhat more complicated. Shampoos and lotions in this case will not work. Most likely, a therapist or dermatologist will recommend that you apply vaseline ointment to your eyelashes, as well as treat your eyelids with special anti-pediculosis drops.

How to get rid of body lice

Since body lice live only on clothes and not on the body or hair, getting rid of them is the easiest. It is enough to replace clothes and bed linen or carry out their thorough processing. For example, you can rewash everything at a temperature of at least 65 ° C. Or put in sealed plastic bags for a couple of weeks: the lice will die without blood.

What to do in order not to catch lice

Lice crawl, but they can neither jump nor fly. Although when combing hair, static electricity accumulates, which can push the louse out of the head up to a distance of 1 m. But such cases are rare. Therefore, most often infection occurs through direct close contact. For example, when you touch heads or have sex with a person who has head lice.

Indirect transmission – through hats, combs, bedding – is also possible, but unlikely. So, in one small study, scientists tried to find live lice on pillowcases on which people infected with pediculosis slept. Insects were found only on 4% of bedding.

Several important rules for the prevention of head lice can be deduced from all this.

1. Avoid direct close contact with strangers.
2. Do not pile clothes with other people’s things. It is better to hang it separately – on a hook or coat hanger.
3. Do not share combs, combs, hairbrushes with anyone.
4. Do not share your personal hat and scarf with strangers. The only exception is protective headgear required for sports. They can be used together: lice do not live on cork and plastic helmets.
5. Do not lie down on sofas, beds, pillows that a person with head lice may have rested on.

Is it possible to go to school, kindergarten, work if you have lice

From the point of view of evidence-based medicine, yes, you can.

Experts from the American Academy of Pediatrics, for example, believe that children should not be restricted from kindergarten or school because of lice. For the reason that the risk of transmitting pediculosis to others in a classroom environment is minimal. The same applies to offices and student audiences.