What does a blood pressure reading of 102/52 indicate. How can low blood pressure affect your health. What are the symptoms and causes of hypotension. How to manage and treat low blood pressure effectively.

Decoding Blood Pressure: What Does 102/52 Mean?

A blood pressure reading of 102/52 mmHg is considered low blood pressure, also known as hypotension. This reading indicates that the systolic pressure (the pressure when your heart beats) is 102 mmHg, and the diastolic pressure (the pressure when your heart is at rest between beats) is 52 mmHg. Normal blood pressure typically ranges between 90/60 mmHg and 120/80 mmHg.

Why is 102/52 considered low? Any blood pressure reading below 90/60 mmHg is generally classified as hypotension. While this may not always be a cause for immediate concern, it’s essential to understand its implications and potential health risks.

Understanding Blood Pressure Components

• Systolic pressure (102 mmHg): The force exerted on artery walls when the heart contracts
• Diastolic pressure (52 mmHg): The pressure in the arteries when the heart is relaxed between beats

The Potential Causes of Low Blood Pressure

Low blood pressure can result from various factors. Understanding these causes is crucial for effective management and treatment. Some common reasons for hypotension include:

1. Dehydration
2. Prolonged bed rest
3. Pregnancy
4. Certain medications
5. Heart problems
6. Endocrine disorders
7. Severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis)
8. Nutritional deficiencies
9. Neurological disorders

It’s important to note that what’s considered low blood pressure for one person may be normal for another. Factors such as age, overall health, and medical history play a role in determining an individual’s optimal blood pressure range.

Recognizing the Symptoms of Hypotension

While some individuals with low blood pressure may not experience any symptoms, others might encounter various signs that indicate their blood pressure is too low. Common symptoms of hypotension include:

• Dizziness or lightheadedness
• Fainting (syncope)
• Blurred vision
• Nausea
• Fatigue
• Lack of concentration
• Cold, clammy skin
• Rapid, shallow breathing
• Depression

If you frequently experience these symptoms, especially upon standing up quickly or after prolonged periods of inactivity, it’s advisable to consult a healthcare professional for a thorough evaluation.

The Impact of Low Blood Pressure on Your Health

While high blood pressure often receives more attention due to its association with cardiovascular diseases, low blood pressure can also have significant health implications. How does hypotension affect your body?

Reduced Blood Flow to Vital Organs

When blood pressure is too low, it may not provide sufficient force to push blood through your arteries to reach vital organs. This can lead to inadequate oxygen and nutrient supply to essential body parts, potentially causing organ damage over time.

Increased Risk of Falls

The dizziness and lightheadedness associated with low blood pressure can increase the risk of falls, especially in older adults. This can lead to injuries, fractures, and a decrease in overall quality of life.

Cognitive Impairment

Chronic low blood pressure may affect cognitive function, particularly in older individuals. Some studies suggest a link between hypotension and an increased risk of dementia or Alzheimer’s disease.

Cardiovascular Stress

While high blood pressure strains the heart by forcing it to work harder, low blood pressure can also stress the cardiovascular system. The heart may need to beat faster to compensate for the low pressure, potentially leading to heart-related issues over time.

Diagnosing Low Blood Pressure: Beyond the Numbers

While a blood pressure reading of 102/52 mmHg indicates hypotension, diagnosis isn’t always straightforward. Healthcare professionals consider various factors when evaluating blood pressure concerns:

Multiple Readings

A single low reading doesn’t necessarily indicate chronic hypotension. Doctors typically take multiple readings over time to establish a pattern before making a diagnosis.

Underlying Health Conditions

Healthcare providers will assess your overall health, looking for any underlying conditions that might be causing or contributing to low blood pressure.

Orthostatic Hypotension Test

This test involves measuring blood pressure while lying down, sitting, and standing to detect drops in blood pressure upon changing positions.

Blood Tests

Various blood tests may be conducted to check for anemia, hormone imbalances, or other conditions that could contribute to low blood pressure.

Electrocardiogram (ECG)

An ECG may be performed to evaluate heart rhythm and detect any cardiac issues that might be related to hypotension.

Effective Strategies for Managing Low Blood Pressure

If you’ve been diagnosed with low blood pressure or consistently experience readings around 102/52 mmHg, there are several strategies you can employ to manage your condition:

Dietary Modifications

• Increase salt intake (under medical supervision)
• Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water
• Eat smaller, more frequent meals to prevent post-meal blood pressure drops
• Limit alcohol consumption
• Increase intake of foods rich in vitamin B12 and folate

Lifestyle Changes

• Exercise regularly to improve circulation
• Avoid sudden position changes
• Wear compression stockings to improve blood flow
• Elevate the head of your bed slightly
• Manage stress through relaxation techniques

Medication Adjustments

If you’re taking medications that may be contributing to low blood pressure, your doctor might adjust dosages or suggest alternatives. Never change your medication regimen without consulting a healthcare professional.

When to Seek Medical Attention for Low Blood Pressure

While mild hypotension may not always require immediate medical intervention, there are situations where professional help should be sought promptly. When should you consult a doctor about low blood pressure?

• Frequent fainting or near-fainting episodes
• Severe dizziness that interferes with daily activities
• Chest pain or shortness of breath
• Persistent fatigue or weakness
• Signs of shock, such as confusion, cold and clammy skin, or rapid, shallow breathing
• Blood pressure readings consistently below 90/60 mmHg, especially if accompanied by symptoms

Remember, it’s always better to err on the side of caution when it comes to your health. If you’re unsure about your symptoms or blood pressure readings, don’t hesitate to consult a healthcare professional.

Innovative Treatments and Future Perspectives in Hypotension Management

As medical research advances, new approaches to managing low blood pressure are emerging. What innovative treatments are being explored for hypotension?

Midodrine and Droxidopa

These medications are specifically designed to treat orthostatic hypotension by constricting blood vessels and increasing blood pressure. They’re particularly useful for individuals with neurogenic orthostatic hypotension.

Fludrocortisone

This synthetic corticosteroid helps increase blood volume, which can be beneficial for some types of hypotension. It’s often used in conjunction with other treatments.

Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agents

For individuals with anemia-related hypotension, drugs that stimulate red blood cell production may be prescribed to improve blood pressure.

Pyridostigmine

This medication, typically used for myasthenia gravis, has shown promise in treating certain forms of orthostatic hypotension by enhancing nerve signals to blood vessels.

Emerging Therapies

Researchers are exploring new treatment options, including:

• Gene therapies targeting specific causes of hypotension
• Novel pharmaceutical compounds that regulate blood pressure more effectively
• Advanced wearable devices for continuous blood pressure monitoring and management

As our understanding of blood pressure regulation improves, we can expect more targeted and personalized approaches to managing hypotension in the future.

Living Well with Low Blood Pressure: Practical Tips for Daily Life

Managing low blood pressure doesn’t have to be a constant struggle. There are numerous practical strategies you can incorporate into your daily routine to minimize symptoms and maintain a good quality of life. How can you effectively live with hypotension?

Stay Hydrated Throughout the Day

Adequate hydration is crucial for maintaining blood volume. Aim to drink at least 8-10 glasses of water daily, and increase intake during hot weather or physical activity.

Gradual Position Changes

To prevent sudden drops in blood pressure, move slowly when changing positions. For example, sit at the edge of the bed for a few moments before standing up in the morning.

Compression Garments

Wearing compression stockings or abdominal binders can help improve blood flow and reduce the pooling of blood in the lower extremities.

Balanced Meals

Eat small, frequent meals throughout the day to avoid large drops in blood pressure after eating. Include a mix of complex carbohydrates, lean proteins, and healthy fats in your diet.

Physical Activity

Regular exercise can help improve circulation and overall cardiovascular health. Start with gentle activities like walking or swimming, and gradually increase intensity under medical supervision.

Stress Management

Chronic stress can impact blood pressure. Incorporate stress-reduction techniques such as meditation, deep breathing exercises, or yoga into your daily routine.

Sleep Hygiene

Maintain a consistent sleep schedule and ensure you’re getting adequate rest. Poor sleep can exacerbate symptoms of low blood pressure.

Monitor Salt Intake

While increasing salt intake can help raise blood pressure, it’s important to do so under medical guidance, especially if you have other health conditions.

Avoid Triggers

Identify and avoid factors that worsen your symptoms, such as prolonged standing, hot showers, or certain medications.

Stay Informed

Keep track of your blood pressure readings and symptoms. This information can be valuable for your healthcare provider in managing your condition effectively.

By incorporating these strategies into your daily life, you can better manage low blood pressure and reduce its impact on your overall well-being. Remember, what works best may vary from person to person, so it’s important to work closely with your healthcare provider to develop a personalized management plan.

Understanding the Long-Term Outlook for Individuals with Chronic Hypotension

For many people, low blood pressure is a chronic condition that requires ongoing management. What can individuals with persistent hypotension expect in the long term?

Prognosis and Quality of Life

The long-term outlook for individuals with chronic hypotension varies depending on the underlying cause and the effectiveness of management strategies. In many cases, with proper treatment and lifestyle adjustments, people with low blood pressure can lead normal, active lives.

Potential Complications

While well-managed hypotension may not lead to severe complications, untreated or poorly controlled low blood pressure can potentially result in:

• Increased risk of falls and associated injuries
• Cognitive decline, particularly in older adults
• Cardiovascular issues due to reduced blood flow
• Kidney problems in cases of prolonged hypoperfusion

Ongoing Monitoring

Regular check-ups and blood pressure monitoring are essential for individuals with chronic hypotension. This allows for timely adjustments to treatment plans and early detection of any developing complications.

Adapting to Lifestyle Changes

Living with chronic hypotension often involves long-term lifestyle modifications. While these changes may seem challenging at first, many individuals find that they become second nature over time, leading to improved overall health and well-being.

Emotional and Psychological Aspects

Dealing with a chronic condition like hypotension can have emotional and psychological impacts. It’s important to address these aspects through support groups, counseling, or other mental health resources if needed.

Advances in Treatment

As medical research progresses, new treatments and management strategies for hypotension continue to emerge. Staying informed about these developments can provide hope and new options for those living with chronic low blood pressure.

While living with chronic hypotension presents its challenges, many individuals successfully manage their condition and lead fulfilling lives. By working closely with healthcare providers, staying informed, and maintaining a proactive approach to health, those with persistent low blood pressure can optimize their long-term outlook and quality of life.

Blood Pressure 102/52: What Does It Indicate?

A blood pressure of 102/52 indicates that you are having a LOW BLOOD PRESSURE which can be an immediate health crisis if the levels are too low.

This article tells you:

• What does a 102/52 blood pressure mean?
• What should you do if you have 102/52 blood pressure?
• Some easy to do home remedies and supplementations.
• Frequently asked question that will answer many of your queries regarding your 102/52 blood pressure.

The blood pressure value of 102/52 specifies the fact that the individual in question is suffering from low blood pressure or hypotension.

This is the medical condition that arises when the value of readings for the blood pressure of a person is less than [90/60].

The ideal blood pressure for an individual is between [90/60] and [120/80]. But for any reason, if the blood pressure falls below the specified readings, then the person can be said to be suffering from hypotension.

The medical condition of hypotension means that the pressure exercised by the blood flowing through the vessels over those is lower than the expected value.

And the same can be said in terms of the heart pumping blood to all the parts of the body. Low BP indicates that the heart is not able to pump blood to all the body parts to the extent that has been termed as necessary. And therefore, more complicated medical problems arise because of Low BP.

The effects or symptoms of these problems are not visible in the overall health of an individual. But these do certainly affect the individual in more ways than just one.

Here is a set-by-step procedure to follow when you figure out you have a blood pressure of 102/52.

If your blood is 102/52 and you have checked the same in your home setup, it is highly recommended to get it checked at your doctor’s office.

A trained professional has to clinically assess your condition and confirm that your 102/52 is, in fact, clinically valid.

There are instances when your reading at home setup might give you a reading which is incorrectly reported. It could be because of an error in reading it, damage to your device, your physical or mental condition on that particular day, etc.

Therefore, a doctor has to assess it over the course of 7 – 30 days periodically before he/she can confirm the accurate stage of your blood pressure.

In some cases, a patient might report wrong blood pressure in a hospital setup, called white coat hypertension. Here the patient may show higher blood pressure than their actual because of the anxiety inside a hospital environment.

In contrast, some patients may have masked hypertension in which the person may show lower blood pressure at clinical setup, but at home, they may have higher blood pressure.

All these conditions are linked to physiology and psychology and, therefore, better to be validated by a doctor.

Even the small changes that you make in your life can lead to having a really impressive effect on your overall health. And, the same can be said regarding the problem of low blood pressure.

If you choose to make reasonable changes in your lifestyle, you can improve your blood pressure to a significant level.

Here are some of the changes that you can bring into your lifestyle to improve your health and your blood pressure level:

You do not need to hesitate from consulting with a physiotherapist about the problems that you are having. Through a relationship of mutual trust, you will be able to get a prescription that will be best suited for your body and overall health.

Following are the prescribed medicines that are greatly helpful for people suffering from low blood pressure.

There are significant changes that you can see in your health if you were to eat healthily every day. And particularly in the case of hypotension, you should know what to eat and what not to.

Some of the comorbidities associated with low blood pressure include heart attack, cardiac arrest, heart valve disorder, bradycardia, and hormonal imbalance.

When you have 102/52, the above-mentioned comorbidities may follow; if correctly, medical attention is not sought.

Therefore, it is highly recommended to treat your hypotension, get it back to a normal level of 120/80 and maintain it.

Even stress is linked to hypotension in some patients. Since the human body reacts differently to different situations, not necessarily depression and anxiety lead to hypertension, but hypotension too. 

This is why it is important to get medical attention rather than treating yourself so that the root cause will be rectified and corrected.

Sometimes managing blood pressure is all about supplementing your body with the right diet. Food is undoubtedly the best primary source to supplement your body.

However, in the current scenarios, we all know how much adultered our foodstuff is, and most of us are pushed towards processed foods to feed ourselves in this fast-paced world.

All these food are high in sugar and sodium and doesn’t contain any vital nutrients that are important for a healthy heart.

This is where some of the nutraceutical-based blood pressure supplements come in handy. These products combine all critical nutrients your heart craves, thereby assisting the better function of your cardiovascular system.

Generally, these supplements are a concoction of herbs, plant-based products, dairy products, and some animal products. They are 100% organic and natural and don’t contain any harmful chemicals.

If you are hearing about these segments of products for the first time,  to start with, you may blindly go for Blood Pressure Support from Vita Balance Inc, Blood Pressure Optimizer from HFL, or Corsanum, marketed by PLT Group.

The only one thing to keep in mind is that choose the best supplement that promote healthy blood pressure, because when it comes to the heart, there is no taking of risk!

Low Blood Pressure or hypotension is not a problem to be made light of. If done so, it will only lead to more complications shortly. Rather than disregarding this problem, consulting with a professional physiotherapist will do you no harm.

Together, you can come up with the best solutions for you, especially when your blood pressure reading is 102/52.

FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions)

1. What is the blood pressure, and what are the normal values?

Blood pressure is the pressure that is exerted by the blood flowing through arteries over those. Alongside that, this is the efficiency with which the blood is pumped by the heart to all the parts of the body through the circulatory system.

The normal values for blood pressure are between [90/60] and [120/80]. If a person has a blood pressure equivalent to this much, then it means that the blood will be flowing through the arteries relatively easily.

2. What is considered to be high blood pressure?

Blood pressure over the value of [130/80] is considered high blood pressure. This signifies that high pressure is being exerted by the blood flowing through the vessels over those.

And therefore, it is difficult for the human heart to be able to pump blood to all the parts of the body rather efficiently. This is a problem that can arise when the size of the vessels is contracted compared to the original size.

3. What is considered to be low blood pressure?

A blood pressure lesser than the value of [90/60] is termed low blood pressure. This type of value means that low pressure is put forward by the blood over the vessels that are carrying it. It can also be taken as a measure that, the blood is not able to reach all the parts of the body.

Or, the heart is not capable of circulating blood to all the parts of the body in an effective way. This problem in blood pressure is mainly the effect of dehydration and pregnancy.

4. What are hypertension and hypotension? Are they both the same as high and low blood pressure?

Hypertension is the condition that emerges when a person is having high blood pressure. Because of contraction in vessels, the blood can not flow through the vessels efficiently, and therefore, high pressure is exerted over the blood vessels, this particular condition is high blood pressure, also referred to as hypertension.

Hypotension is the condition that comes into effect when the blood pressure of a person is lower compared to the ideal value of blood pressure. This means that the heart is unable to pump blood through the blood vessels to all the body parts. This type of situation when observed is called low blood pressure, or hypotension.

5. What will happen to your general health when you have high blood pressure?

High blood pressure puts you at an imminent risk of arteries rupture because of the high pressure applied over those by the circulating blood. This can, in turn, affect the circulation of blood to all the parts of the body, and your heart itself. And, the latter part can lead you to some serious heart diseases. The high pressure applied over the heart walls can put you close to the risk of heart attack and heart failure.

6. What causes high blood pressure and low blood pressure?

The medical conditions of high blood pressure and low blood pressure are both effects of the lifestyle that we lead. This means that if we adapt to a lifestyle that is in line with our body and overall physical fitness, then we will have ideal blood pressure.

But, if our lifestyle is deviated from what we had started, some medical conditions can arise. High blood pressure and low blood pressure are some of those problems.

7. What are the risks of having high blood pressure?

The most serious risk that is faced by an individual that is suffering from high blood pressure is the risk of heart attack, heart failure, or some chronic disease related to the heart.

Moreover, there are also the additional risks of strokes, vision loss, diabetes, kidney failure, unresponsiveness to external stimuli, chronic chest pain, artery damage, and vascular dementia.

8. What can I do to lower my blood pressure?

To lower your blood pressure, the foremost step should be to limit the intake of sodium salts. Then, it will be good for you to opt for a healthy lifestyle; eat healthy meals and exercise daily. Try to maintain your weight to healthy proportions. Limit the intake of alcohol and caffeine-related beverages, and quit smoking.

Also, you need to have an adequate amount of rest every day and keep your stress and anxiety in proper check. If you continue to face high blood pressure problems even after making these changes in your lifestyle, it will be good for you to consult with a physiotherapist to discuss your blood pressure medications.

9. What are the risks of having low blood pressure?

The harmful effects that are associated with low blood pressure are not as prominent as what is associated with high blood pressure, but they can serve to be just as much harmful in the long run. Low blood pressure can lead to lightheadedness, dizziness, and confusion for a prolonged period.

This is a condition that can make you weak physically as well as mentally. Low blood pressure leads to a depletion in the effectiveness of motor senses, and the subject is likely to faint from time to time. This condition can also lead to blurred vision and can damage peripheral nerves over a long time.

10. What can I do to increase my blood pressure?

Increase the usage of table salts in your diet, and drink plenty of water. Limit your intake of alcohol as it is a dehydrating agent. Increase your diet by taking small meals multiple times with low carbs. Exercise daily and try to take up a lifestyle that will be good for your health and physical well-being.

Try to maintain a body weight that will be good as per your physical stature and age. Avoid changing positions abruptly, and wear compression stockings to improve blood flow in the legs. Also, consult a physiotherapist regarding your medications for low blood pressure.

11. Can smoking and alcohol affect my blood pressure?

Smoking and alcohol have an active impact on the blood pressure levels of an individual. These can lead to an effective change in the size of arteries that carry blood to all the parts of the body.

Heavy intake of alcohol can increase blood pressure in individuals to a significantly high level and this can even lead to long-term blood pressure issues in the individual. On the other hand, smoking is as bad as it can be. It leads to the contraction of blood vessels, which increases the pressure of blood over the heart walls. This puts you at risk of heart disease.

12. How to correctly check my blood pressure at home?

If you want to check your blood pressure at home, you can use portable blood pressure monitors to do so. These are highly adaptable and can help provide you with your blood pressure levels closest to accurate.

But if you are seeking precision in the readings, then it will be good if you were to follow certain measures. For once, avoid intake of caffeine and alcohol before taking the reading. And, have a proper rest of nearly 10 minutes before measuring your blood pressure.

13. Why is it important to visit a doctor to confirm high/low blood pressure?

It is important to visit a doctor regarding blood pressure for the sake of the precision of the outcome or the result of the readings. Moreover, in a proper medical facility and care of professionals, you will be able to get guidance about how to keep your blood pressure in check if it is not per your ideal blood pressure.

Also, you can get a consultation regarding the changes that you will need to make in your lifestyle to bring your blood pressure back in check.

14. Should you be worried about high blood pressure during pregnancy?

High blood pressure during the latter half of the pregnancy is not that rare of an occurrence. However, it is not something to make light of either. If not treated properly, or significant steps are not taken regarding it, this high blood pressure may pose danger to the health of the parent as well as the baby.

This type of high blood pressure or hypertension is called gestational hypertension, and it is not long-lasting. It goes away after the delivery of the baby.

15. What are some of the symptoms to watch out for in high blood pressure?

The symptoms of high blood pressure are not something that can be ignored readily. These symptoms include severe headache, anxiety attacks, shortness of breath, nosebleeds, blood spots in the eyes, intense fatigue, blurred or distorted vision, and vomiting or nausea. These symptoms are not something to be taken lightly.

High blood pressure is not an incurable problem, but measures are needed to be taken against it in the due time. So, don’t make light of the symptoms and consult a physiotherapist regarding these.

16. What foods should you eat to lower blood pressure?

To lower blood pressure eat a diet that is rich in minerals like calcium, magnesium and potassium.

Besides this, it is good to take short meals that are low in curbs. Instead of deep-fried products, it will be good if you were to incline towards a diet that is mainly consisting of vegetables like spinach, broccoli, and other leafy green vegetables.

Consume lots of low-fat poultry and dairy products. These will help enable a healthy diet for you and help you lean towards a healthy lifestyle.

17. What are the best herbs and spices for high blood pressure?

Many known herbs and spices are proven to have a significant effect on high blood pressure. Significantly, basil, parsley, Chinese cat’s claw, celery seeds, Brahmi, thyme, garlic, and ginger are the herbs that are most commonly made use of by people that are suffering from high blood pressure. Along with these, cardamom, cloves, ajwain, green oat, and flaxseeds are the spices that help manage high blood pressure.

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What It Means and How Nao Medical Can Help

When you get your blood pressure checked, you’ll see two numbers: the systolic pressure (the top number) and the diastolic pressure (the bottom number). A reading of 102/52 means that your systolic pressure is 102 mmHg and your diastolic pressure is 52 mmHg.

While a blood pressure reading of 102/52 is considered low, it’s not necessarily a cause for concern. However, if you’re experiencing symptoms such as dizziness, fainting, or fatigue, it’s important to speak with a healthcare provider to determine the underlying cause.

At Nao Medical, we offer a range of healthcare services to help you manage your blood pressure and overall health. Our primary care physicians can work with you to develop a personalized treatment plan that may include lifestyle changes, medication, or other interventions.

How Nao Medical Can Help You Manage Your Blood Pressure

• Urgent Care: If you’re experiencing symptoms such as chest pain, shortness of breath, or severe headaches, our urgent care services can provide prompt evaluation and treatment.
• Primary Care: Our primary care physicians can help you manage chronic conditions such as high blood pressure through regular check-ups, medication management, and lifestyle counseling.
• Mental Health: Stress and anxiety can contribute to high blood pressure. Our mental health services can help you develop coping strategies and manage your mental health.
• Women’s Health: Hormonal changes during pregnancy and menopause can affect blood pressure. Our women’s health services can provide specialized care for these conditions.
• Nutrition Services: A healthy diet is essential for managing blood pressure. Our nutrition services can provide guidance on healthy eating habits and meal planning.

At Nao Medical, we’re committed to providing high-quality, cost-effective healthcare services that prioritize your health and well-being. Don’t wait until it’s too late. Book an appointment with us today and take control of your blood pressure.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is considered a normal blood pressure reading?

A normal blood pressure reading is typically around 120/80 mmHg. However, blood pressure can vary depending on factors such as age, gender, and overall health.

What are some lifestyle changes that can help lower blood pressure?

Lifestyle changes that can help lower blood pressure include maintaining a healthy weight, exercising regularly, reducing sodium intake, and limiting alcohol consumption.

What medications are commonly used to treat high blood pressure?

Common medications used to treat high blood pressure include diuretics, ACE inhibitors, and calcium channel blockers. Your healthcare provider can determine the best medication for your individual needs.

External Links:

• CDC Heart Disease
• NHLBI Division of Cardiovascular Sciences

Disclaimer: The information presented in this article is intended for general informational purposes only and should not be considered, construed or interpreted as legal or professional advice, guidance or opinion.

What does lower blood pressure show: what does a lower blood pressure indicator mean in a person – April 6, 2021

Blood pressure (also known as blood pressure) is the pressure that blood exerts on the walls of blood vessels. When measuring it, two types are determined: with each heartbeat, blood pressure fluctuates between the largest (systolic) and the smallest (diastolic). In colloquial speech, they are called upper and lower.

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Why do we need two indicators?

High and low pressure separation is more for doctors than for patients. But doctors do not separate them from each other, so there is no need to memorize or evaluate separately the numbers of the lower pressure – they are associated with the numbers of the upper one.

– The upper number – systolic blood pressure – shows the pressure in the arteries at the moment when the heart contracts and pushes blood into the arteries, it depends on the strength of the contraction of the heart, the resistance exerted by the walls of the blood vessels, and the number of heartbeats per unit time, – explains cardiologist Maria Benevskaya. – Therefore, in general, we can say that this indicator reflects the work of the heart, although, of course, other factors also take part in this process.

Maria Benevskaya – Associate Professor of the Department of Hospital Therapy named after. Academician P. E. Lukom Medical Faculty of the Russian National Research Medical University. N. I. Pirogova, candidate of medical sciences, cardiologist, therapist, doctor of functional diagnostics.

The lower number shows the pressure in the arteries at the time of relaxation of the heart muscle, it reflects the tone of the peripheral vessels.

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What should the lower pressure be?

As we have already said, this number should not be considered on its own, but in the context of the upper pressure.

– The ideal difference between them is within 40-50 mm Hg. Art. That is, for example, 120 to 80, 100 to 60, 110 to 70. When a patient sees deviations in the lower pressure, for example, it is very low (40, 50, 30), then this is a reason to see a doctor, because this may indicate some kind of pathology, most often cardiological, says cardiologist Natalya Gulyaeva.

Natalya Gulyaeva — cardiologist, candidate of medical sciences.

High lower blood pressure indicates that vascular tone is increased, and this carries a risk of cardiovascular complications such as stroke.

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What does it mean if the difference is more than normal?

Natalya Gulyaeva says that low lower blood pressure can be not only in the case of cardiac pathology, but also in a malnourished person – hunger, illness (for example, with oncological pathology or severe diseases of the gastrointestinal tract), dehydration. This may be due to the individual characteristics of the body, but in any case it is better to consult a doctor so as not to miss the disease.

– An increase in the difference may be due to osteochondrosis of the cervical spine, aggravated by malnutrition of the brain (most often vertebrobasilar insufficiency). Diseases of the musculoskeletal system lead to a weakening of cerebral blood flow. Hence the problems with upper and lower pressure in general, says Maria Benevskaya.

Often low values ​​of diastolic pressure, especially in elderly patients, may indicate damage to the heart valves. Malformations (aortic stenosis with aortic valve insufficiency) and inflammatory heart disease (endocarditis), as well as myocardial infarction, can lead to damage to the heart valves.

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What if the difference is less than the norm?

A small difference may indicate the presence of atherosclerosis of the aorta (deposition of cholesterol in the largest vessel), damage to the kidney vessels, aortic aneurysm (pathological expansion of a separate section of the aorta with the possibility of rupture or dissection of the walls due to excessive load), anemia (decrease in hemoglobin level in the blood) and many other conditions.

And this is not the whole range of pathologies that affect this parameter, so a change in the indicator can be a wake-up call in order to pay attention to your health.

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When should I measure pressure?

The fact that the pressure is not normal can be indicated by a lot of symptoms: general weakness, and an unmotivated feeling of malaise, fatigue, rapid pulse, unusual tachycardia, headaches, dizziness, feeling of fainting, impaired vision, hearing.

“You need to pay attention to these symptoms at any age, even if a child complains of headache and weakness,” says Gulyaeva. – If there are no symptoms, you still need to see a doctor once a year, because failures can be asymptomatic, but lead to serious problems later. Smokers and those who have an irregular work schedule, constant lack of sleep need to be especially careful to monitor their blood vessels. I see from my patients that this is a huge contribution to the deterioration of health.

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How to measure blood pressure at home?

If you notice that your blood pressure readings are not normal, you should see a doctor, even if you do not have any other symptoms. But first you need to prepare.

— 5-7 days you need to monitor the pressure at home, in the usual calm environment, advises Natalya Gulyaeva. – You need to measure it in the morning within half an hour after waking up in comfortable clothes and a comfortable position. Three times measured, recorded the average figure. The same thing needs to be done in the evening, not running from work or training, but in a calm home environment. This home pressure monitoring will be important for the doctor, because in the office patients often worry and give increased numbers.

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What else to read about health?

• Why a blood clot forms and how to avoid it;
• Is there a stroke in young people and is there any prevention;
• What tests should everyone have every year.

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  Pain that cannot be: what is psychosomatics and how it is treated Ekaterina Bormotova

  National editorial journalist

  PressureMedicineCardiovascular diseases

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  The problem of arterial hypotension (low blood pressure) in children has become more common than before. Evidence suggests that hypotonic conditions are even more common in children than in adults. Unfortunately, this problem also applies to newborns.

  For a child, blood pressure is considered low, the upper limit of which is no more than 100, and the lower limit is no more than 60. The risk group is schoolchildren, among whom girls are more susceptible to this condition.

  But the pressure in children can be not only low, but also high. In this case, it is customary to speak of hypertension. Arterial hypertension, hypertension in children – persistent increase in blood pressure above 95th centile of the scale of distribution of blood pressure values ​​for a specific age, sex, weight and length of the child’s body. Normal blood pressure is considered to be the values ​​of systolic and diastolic blood pressure that do not go beyond the 10th and 90th centiles.

  Causes

  It is not always possible to find pathological causes of persistent low blood pressure. This usually happens with primary hypotension, which, nevertheless, has its own reasons:

  • asthenic physique;
  • puberty;
  • hereditary predisposition;
  • problems during pregnancy and childbirth;
  • features in the character of the child, for example, a tendency to depression;
  • overwork;
  • stress.

  Secondary hypertension has causes that are associated with diseases of internal organs and systems: kidney disease, pneumonia, cardiovascular disease, adrenal disease, etc. Also, this form of hypotension can develop due to the intake of certain drugs, especially when you consider that the child’s body is most sensitive to drugs.

  But a child’s blood pressure may rise for various reasons. This may depend on hereditary, external factors, specific age. If a pregnant woman smokes during pregnancy, the risk that the nursing baby will have health problems increases.

  Diseases of the endocrine system also cause hypertension. Children with VVD are considered potential hypertensive patients.

  An overdose of some nasal drops leads to vasoconstriction not only of the nose, but even of the arteries. Because of this, the pressure rises.

  It is noted that high blood pressure is often inherent in those children who are obese or overweight.

  Unhealthy diet, low physical activity, sedentary lifestyle, stress, workload at school. All of these can cause health problems.

  Symptoms

  If hypotension is manifested in a newborn, then the parents do not have any special problems, because it is difficult to determine from his condition that there are health problems. This is explained by the fact that the child sleeps a lot, rarely cries, is in constant calm.

  Children with reduced muscle tone, legs and arms can extend more than 180 degrees at the joints. In addition, the following symptoms are observed: a delay in the rate of motor development and a violation of swallowing and sucking.

  There may also be dizziness, fainting, nosebleeds, emotional lability, decreased performance, joint and muscle pain, sudden deterioration in well-being, headache.

  If the pressure rises slightly, the child may feel well. Although the child can quickly get tired, irritated. But if the pressure rises strongly, the child will always feel bad. Among his complaints are the following: headache, dizziness, pain in the heart, palpitations, memory impairment.

  If a hypertensive crisis occurs. There may be symptoms such as a sharp headache, nausea, blurred vision, convulsions, impaired consciousness, and others.

  Diagnosis

  Blood pressure measurements are the first requirement for a diagnosis. This is usually done in a sitting position in the first half. The measurement takes place three times, the interval between these is three minutes. Also, it is not done immediately after mental or physical exertion, but after an hour has passed.

  In addition, the following diagnostic methods are used: ECG, ECHO-kg, ABPM, study of autonomic homeostasis, EEG registration, psychological testing, clinical and biochemical blood tests, consultation of the necessary specialists in order to exclude secondary arterial hypotension.

  To confirm the diagnosis of arterial hypertension, daily monitoring and tests with different types of loads are used.

  In the course of the study, it is important to identify the cause of the increase in pressure if hypertension is secondary. This is what helps the doctor prescribe effective treatment. If the cause of hypertension is not eliminated, therapeutic measures will not give the desired effect, the result will be temporary.

  Treatment

  Treatment may be drug or non-drug. If arterial hypotension occurs in a labile form, then preference is given to the second type of treatment, which includes several methods.

  It is necessary to normalize the daily routine, which includes the correct combination of study and rest for the child. It is important to take timely breaks. This also includes quality sleep at night, as well as daytime rest.

  Don’t forget your daily walks. On the day in the fresh air, the child should be about two hours.

  Meals should be taken four to six times a day. At the same time, there should be a sufficient amount of salt in the food. It is important that the products contain a sufficient amount of useful substances and trace elements, which are very important for the child’s body. It is important to maintain optimal water regime.

  Massage has a good effect. Recommended area: hands, collar area and calf muscles.

  If these methods are not sufficient, or if the child’s hypotension has progressed to a more serious method, the doctor will prescribe the necessary medications.

  Treatment of hypertension depends on many factors. If arterial hypertension in children and adolescents is accompanied by a slight increase in pressure, non-drug therapy is used.

  If the child is overweight, it is necessary to reduce the body weight. This is achieved by increasing physical activity and normalizing nutrition.

  If the school sets a lot of homework, it is necessary to make sure that this does not affect the health and condition of the student.