Average Blood Pressure by Age: In Men and Women

Risks and Treatments

A consistent rise in your blood pressure over time comes with an increased risk to your health. Your healthcare provider is likely to respond in these ways: 

• Elevated: You are likely to develop hypertension unless you take steps to control it. These may include lifestyle changes, such as eating a heart-healthy diet, getting more exercise, and quitting smoking.
• Stage 1 hypertension: Your healthcare provider will probably recommend lifestyle changes. They may also prescribe medication, depending on your risk for cardiovascular disease, heart attack, or stroke.
• Stage 2 hypertension: Your healthcare provider will likely prescribe both medication and lifestyle changes to lower your blood pressure.
• Hypertensive crisis: Seek medical attention right away if your blood pressure is this high. You could experience a heart attack, stroke, or something else that can damage your organs or threaten your life.

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When to Call Your Doctor

A hypertensive crisis—defined as blood pressure above 180/120 mm Hg—requires immediate medical attention. Call 911 if you are also experiencing symptoms such as chest pain, back pain, shortness of breath, difficulty speaking, a change in vision, weakness, or numbness.

Recap

There are several different stages of high blood pressure. As blood pressure rises, the negative impact on your health increases, too. A healthcare provider can recommend treatment for each stage, starting with diet and lifestyle changes and leading to medication options.

How Blood Pressure Is Measured

Blood pressure testing stations can be found in pharmacies, workplaces, and medical clinics. You can also buy a blood pressure monitor online or at your local pharmacy.

To measure blood pressure, a cuff attached to a monitor is placed on your arm. The cuff is then inflated with an air pump until its pressure stops blood flow from your brachial artery—the major artery found in your upper arm.

As the cuff deflates, the device measures the pressure when blood starts flowing again (systolic pressure). Once the cuff is completely deflated, the device gauges the lowest pressure between beats (diastolic pressure).

Typically, more attention is given to the systolic pressure reading, as systolic blood pressure is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease in people over the age of 50. Still, both readings are used to make a diagnosis.

How to Take Your Blood Pressure

If you’re taking your blood pressure at home, there are certain steps you can take to get the most accurate reading possible.

Getting Started

The goal is to measure your blood pressure at its most stable. Hence, it’s good practice to rest for five minutes in a calm environment before getting started. The AHA also advises against smoking, exercising, or drinking caffeinated beverages within 30 minutes before taking your blood pressure.

Proper Cuff Size

Doctors often keep one default cuff in the examining room, which is generally meant to be used for people of “average” height and weight. If you are larger or smaller than average, the default cuff will not produce an accurate reading, and a more appropriately sized cuff should be used.

Official guidelines specify the following cuff sizes:

• Small adult cuff: For arm circumferences of 22 to 26 centimeters (cm)
• Adult cuff: For arm circumferences of 27 to 34 cm
• Large adult cuff: For arm circumferences of 35 to 44 cm
• Adult thigh cuff: For arm circumferences of 45 to 52 cm

Proper Positioning

Find someplace to sit where your body is well-supported in an upright position and your feet are flat on the ground. Consider sitting at a dinner table, rather than a couch, and relaxing your arm on the tabletop. The cuffed part of your arm should be supported at the same level as your heart.

The bottom of the cuff should be placed just above the bend of your elbow and directly against your skin. Be sure to roll up your sleeves if you are wearing them, and remove any layers that are in the way.

Take Multiple Readings

One blood pressure reading is not enough to get an accurate measurement. Things like temperature and stress can change blood pressure, so more than one reading allows you to correct for these variations.

More than one reading should be taken during doctor’s visits, too—ideally once at the beginning of your visit and once at the end.

Choosing a Blood Pressure Monitor

If you’re planning to take your blood pressure at home, it’s important to have a reliable blood pressure monitor. The AHA recommends an automatic, cuff-style, bicep (upper-arm) monitor, but there are other options.

When selecting a blood pressure monitor, consider the following:

• Fit: To ensure a proper fit, measure around your upper arm and choose a monitor that comes with the correct size cuff.  
• Number of people: If more than one person will be using the monitor, make sure to choose one that fits everyone.
• Features: Some blood pressure monitors offer extra tech features, like Bluetooth and app connectivity. If you don’t think you’ll benefit from these extras, go ahead and choose one that is efficient, easy to use, and more affordable. 
• Budget: High-quality blood pressure monitors vary dramatically in price, from around $25 to well over $100. Keep in mind that a good monitor is a great investment and that you will be using it daily for several years. 
• Other considerations: The AHA notes that when selecting a blood pressure monitor for a senior, pregnant person, or child, you should make sure it is validated for these conditions.

Summary

Blood pressure increases with age, but exercise, a healthy diet, and avoiding smoking can help lower your risk of hypertension (high blood pressure). Seeing your doctor for regular blood pressure checks and learning to check your own can help you stay healthy.

A Word From Verywell

It’s good to know where you fall in terms of average blood pressure for your age, but even better to know how your readings compare to normal blood pressure. If you are above normal, now is the time to connect with your healthcare provider. Follow their guidance to keep your blood pressure under control.

Blood pressure: what is your target?

Many of us have had our blood pressure measured at the doctor but don’t really understand why it’s important. Find out why (and how) your doctor measures your blood pressure, what’s normal and what’s not, and what to do if you have high blood pressure.

How is blood pressure measured?

Blood pressure is measured using an instrument called a sphygmomanometer. It consists of an inflatable cuff, an inflating bulb, and a gauge to show the blood pressure.

The cuff is wrapped around the upper arm, and inflated to a pressure which temporarily stops the blood from flowing through the brachial artery – the main blood vessel in your arm. At this point, the doctor will not be able to feel a pulse in the arm. The cuff pressure is then raised slightly above this point, and then slowly lowered.

As the pressure is lowered, your doctor will listen through a stethoscope for the sound of blood starting to pulse through the brachial artery again. The pressure reading on the sphygmomanometer when the sound of blood is first heard pulsing through the artery is known as the systolic pressure. As the doctor continues to lower the pressure in the cuff, the sounds will disappear. Usually, the point at which the sounds disappear is known as the diastolic pressure.

The systolic reading (the first number of the 2) indicates the pressure of blood within your arteries during a contraction of the left ventricle of the heart. The diastolic reading (the second number) indicates the pressure within the arteries when the heart is at rest. Blood pressure is measured in millimetres of mercury (mmHg), for example 120/80 mmHg (known as 120 over 80).

What is normal blood pressure?

According to the Heart Foundation of Australia, as a general guide:

• blood pressure below 120/80 mmHg can be classified as ‘optimal‘;
• blood pressure between 120/80 and 129/84 mmHg is ‘normal‘; and
• blood pressure between 130/85 and 139/89 mmHg is classified as ‘high-normal‘.

A person is defined by the Heart Foundation as having high blood pressure (hypertension) if they:

• have a systolic pressure greater than or equal to 140 mmHg; and/or
• a diastolic pressure greater than or equal to 90 mmHg.

High blood pressure is further classified as mild, moderate or severe as the pressure increases above this level.

Low blood pressure, or hypotension, is not as easy to define as it is usually relative to a person’s normal blood pressure reading, and varies between different people. It generally refers to a blood pressure below an average of about 90/60 mmHg.

Getting an accurate reading

According to the Heart Foundation, the diagnosis of high blood pressure should be based on multiple blood pressure measurements taken on separate occasions.

It is recommended that you do not smoke or drink caffeine-containing drinks for 2 hours before having your blood pressure monitored, as this can cause an increase in your readings.

Self-monitoring of blood pressure in your own environment (home blood pressure monitoring) or ambulatory monitoring of blood pressure is also used to help diagnose high blood pressure.

For ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, you wear a portable automatic blood pressure machine for 24 hours while going about your usual daily routine. The portable monitor will measure your blood pressure multiple times during the 24 hours. Your doctor will ask you to record your activities over the 24 hours, plus any symptoms you experience (and when they occur).  Variations in blood pressure are normal and may occur depending on where and when the blood pressure is taken.

Some people who have raised blood pressure readings taken at the doctor’s surgery actually have acceptable levels outside the surgery, when under normal stress levels. This is known as ‘white-coat’ hypertension.

There are also people with ‘reverse white-coat’ hypertension (also known as masked hypertension), who have normal blood pressure when measured in the clinic but high ambulatory blood pressure readings (those recorded during normal daily activities).

Keeping on target

Your target blood pressure may vary according to whether you have other conditions that can increase your risk of cardiovascular (heart and blood vessel) disease or conditions that have been caused by high blood pressure.

Raised blood pressure is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and the higher your blood pressure, the greater your chance of having heart disease or stroke. For this reason it is important that you have your blood pressure monitored regularly, and that you always take any high blood pressure treatments that have been recommended, including medicines that have been prescribed.

Hypertension can also be controlled to a large extent by lifestyle measures such as:

• losing excess weight;
• undertaking regular physical activity;
• quitting smoking; and
• changing your diet (reducing your alcohol and salt intake, and following a healthy eating plan).

These steps can help to lower your blood pressure and reduce your risk of cardiovascular disease.

1. Heart Foundation. Guideline for the diagnosis and management of hypertension in adults, 2016. https://www.heartfoundation.org.au/images/uploads/publications/PRO-167_Hypertension-guideline-2016_WEB.pdf (accessed Feb 2017).

2. Hypertension (published November 2012). In: eTG complete. Melbourne: Therapeutic Guidelines Limited; 2016 Nov. http://online.tg.org.au/complete/ (accessed Feb 2017).

3. National Vascular Disease Prevention Alliance. Guidelines for the management of absolute cardiovascular disease risk; 2012. https://www.heartfoundation.org.au/images/uploads/publications/Absolute-CVD-Risk-Full-Guidelines.pdf (accessed Feb 2017).

High blood pressure | Heart and Stroke Foundation

Keep your blood pressure in check

High blood pressure is the number one risk factor for stroke and a major risk factor for heart disease. High blood pressure is when the blood pressure in your arteries rises and your heart has to work harder than normal to pump blood through the blood vessels. It is important that you have your blood pressure checked regularly by your healthcare provider.

What is blood pressure?

Blood pressure is a measure of the pressure or force of blood against the walls of your blood vessels (arteries). Your blood pressure reading is based on two measures. The top number (systolic) is the measure of the pressure when your heart contracts and pushes blood through the arteries. The bottom (diastolic) number is the measure of the pressure when your heart relaxes between beats.

There are three different blood pressure categories: low risk, medium risk, high risk. See your doctor or healthcare provider to get a proper blood pressure measurement and find out which category you are in.

Blood pressure categories

There are some exceptions to these categories.

If you have diabetes, the high risk category for your blood pressure is slightly lower. Your blood pressure should be less than 130 / 80. Consult a healthcare provider if your blood pressure level is higher than 130 / 80 on more than one occasion.

What is low blood pressure?

Low blood pressure (hypotension) is when the pressure in your arteries drops below the normal range. But blood pressure levels below 120 / 80 may be normal for some people. Your healthcare provider will tell you if you have low blood pressure.

How do I check my blood pressure?

Ask your doctor or other healthcare provider to check your blood pressure. If you are diagnosed with high blood pressure (or other related conditions), be sure to ask your doctor how often you should have your blood pressure checked.

Scroll down for a video on how to measure your own blood pressure. 

What should I do if I have a high blood pressure reading?

If you have one high reading, you should have it checked at least two more times on separate days to determine if it is consistently high.

Keep a record of your blood pressure readings on a blood pressure tracking card. This record will help determine whether your blood pressure is within a healthy range.

What can I do to control my blood pressure?

High blood pressure can be caused by many factors. You can’t control some risk factors, such as age, ethnicity and gender. Other factors, such as diet, exercise and smoking can be addressed through lifestyle changes to reduce your risk for high blood pressure.

After 65, women are more likely than men to get high blood pressure. Throughout a woman’s life, factors like pregnancy, birth control and menopause can increase the risk of developing high blood pressure.
Here is what you can do:

• Have your blood pressure checked regularly as recommended by your healthcare provider.
• If your doctor has prescribed medication for hypertension, take it as directed. Follow these links to more information about medications for hypertension and heart disease or hypertension and stroke.
• Reduce the amount of salt you eat. High sources of sodium are found in  highly processed foods. This includes fast foods, prepared meals, processed meats (such as hot dogs and lunch meats), canned and dried soups, bottled dressing, packaged sauces, condiments and salty snacks. Also try to limit your use of salt in cooking and at the table. Heart & Stroke recommends that Canadians eat less than 2,300 mg of sodium (about 1 tsp / 5 mL of salt) a day total from processed foods and salt added during food preparation and at the table. If you have high blood pressure, the recommendation is to eat less than 2000 mg of sodium per day.
• Eat foods high in potassium such as fresh fruits, vegetables, low-fat dairy foods, beans and lentils – unless you are taking a medication that interacts with potassium. 
• Eat a healthy, balanced diet that is lower in salt and fat (especially saturated fat). Get tips on healthy eating and learn more about the DASH eating plan, which can help lower your high blood pressure and the Mediterranean diet.
• Be physically active for at least 150 minutes per week doing moderate- to vigorous-intensity aerobic physical activity, in bouts of 10 minutes or more. Speak to your healthcare provider before starting a physical activity program.
• Achieve and maintain a healthy body weight. If you are overweight, losing even 5% to 10% of your weight can help to reduce your blood pressure as well as decrease your chances of having a stroke or heart attack.
• Be smoke-free. If you smoke, speak to your doctor or healthcare provider about quitting. If you don’t smoke, minimize exposure to secondhand smoke.
• If you drink alcohol, limit yourself to no more than 2 drinks a day, to a weekly maximum of 10 for women and 3 drinks a day to a weekly maximum of 15 for men.
• Find healthy ways to manage your stress. Too much stress may increase your blood pressure. Research suggests that the way in which you manage your stress is very important. Avoid unhealthy coping mechanisms such as smoking, alcohol use, poor food choices, not being active, and watching too much television. Find relief instead with physical activity, socializing, laughter and healthy eating. Remember to take time out for yourself. Get tips on relaxation and mindfulness from people who are living with heart disease and stroke.

Measuring your blood pressure at home

Home monitoring can help your doctor to diagnose your blood pressure correctly. It is possible for your blood pressure to rise when you visit the doctor’s office because you may be anxious. However, your blood pressure can return to normal as you go about your daily activities. This is called “white coat effect.” Measuring your own blood pressure regularly can help you determine if your blood pressure is in fact high.

On the other hand, you may experience normal blood pressure when it is measured in the doctor’s office, but have high blood pressure in other situations. This is known as “masked hypertension.” If you have a higher risk of heart disease or stroke (e.g. if you have diabetes), it is important to find out if you have masked hypertension. If this is the case, your doctor may ask you to monitor your blood pressure at home.

It is important to make sure that your home monitor is taking accurate measurements so your healthcare provider can get a complete picture of your blood pressure.

How to measure your own blood pressure

Follow these steps to get the most accurate reading:

• Do not smoke or drink caffeine (coffee, tea, cola and some sports drinks) for 30 minutes beforehand.
• Do not measure your blood pressure when you are upset or in pain.
• Empty your bladder or bowel, if necessary.
• Sit quietly with your feet flat on the floor and back resting against the back of a chair or a firm surface for at least 5 minutes before measuring and during measurement.
• Use the same arm each time. Remove bulky or tight clothing from your arm completely.
• Wrap the cuff snugly around your bare upper arm (2 fingers should fit between the blood pressure cuff and your arm). The edge of the cuff must be 3cm above your elbow.
• Place your arm on a table or a firm surface. The cuff must be at the level of your heart.
• Do not talk or watch TV during the test.
• Take one reading and record your blood pressure.
• Bring a record of your readings to your next appointment with your healthcare provider.

How to buy a home blood pressure monitor

Your doctor or pharmacist can help you choose a monitor and select a cuff size that is right for you.

Heart & Stroke suggests that the unit be automated instead of manual. If you have an irregular heart rhythm some devices may not be advised for you. Select a device recommended by Hypertension Canada.

Once you have purchased a home monitor, take it to your healthcare provider’s office once or twice a year to make sure it continues to give accurate readings.

What are Blood Pressure Ranges? – Vital Sign Measurement Across the Lifespan – 1st Canadian edition

Chapter 5: Blood Pressure

Blood pressure is reported in mm Hg (pronounced millimetres of mercury), in which the systolic is the numerator and diastolic is the denominator. See Table 5.1 for an overview of estimated blood pressure ranges for healthy individuals.

Table 5.1: Estimated Blood Pressure Ranges (mm Hg)

Points to Consider

The average blood pressure for an adult is sometimes noted as 120/80 mm Hg. However, this is only an average and the healthcare provider needs to consider acceptable ranges for individual clients. For example, in adults, normal blood pressure can range from 95–145/60–90 mm Hg. The healthcare provider considers the client’s baseline blood pressure and the client’s current health state in conjunction with subjective data and other objective data. For example, a blood pressure of 90/50 mm Hg may be normal for a healthy, asymptomatic 20-year-old adult.

Factors that influence blood pressure include age, sex, ethnicity, weight, exercise, emotions/stress, pregnancy, and diurnal rhythm as well as medication use and disease processes.

• The general pattern is that blood pressure rises with age, so normal variations tend to be higher for older adults.
• Blood pressure is similar in childhood for males and females. After puberty, females have lower blood pressure than males, whereas after menopause females have higher blood pressure than males.
• Research has revealed that ethnicity may be a predictor of blood pressure, but this causation is not necessarily biological, but rather sociocultural. When determining risk for high blood pressure, it is important to consider ethnicity as a contributing factor.
• The diurnal cycle influences blood pressure to be lower in the morning and increase throughout the day until early evening. Try it out: take your blood pressure when you wake up in the morning and then again in late afternoon, and note the difference. This is one reason why healthcare providers document the time a client’s blood pressure is taken.
• Blood pressure can be higher in people who are obese because the heart has to work harder to perfuse the body’s tissues.
• The sympathetic nervous system is stimulated by exercise, stress, anxiety, pain, anger, and fear, which increases blood pressure. Blood pressure returns to baseline within five minutes of rest following activity. Try it out. Have a peer take your blood pressure. Then, run on the spot or do some other cardiac activity for five minutes. Have the peer take your blood pressure again, and then lie down and rest for five minutes. Take the blood pressure again. Note the changes.
• Blood pressure varies throughout the duration of pregnancy. It decreases about halfway through the first trimester until mid-pregnancy due to progesterone effects that relax the walls of blood vessels, causing decreased peripheral vascular resistance. It returns to pre-pregnancy values toward the end of pregnancy.

Points to Consider

White coat syndrome refers to elevated blood pressure due to nervousness or anxiety when clients have their blood pressure taken by a healthcare provider. This occurs in approximately 20% of clients. Key message: have the client take their blood pressure at home with an automatic home blood pressure cuff and compare the findings. Alternatively, you can ask the client to sit quietly and leave the room while an automatic cuff takes a client’s blood pressure. The automatic cuff can be programmed to take three measurements and the blood pressure documented is an average of the three readings.

Low Blood Pressure Risky for Heart Patients?

May 7, 2009 — In patients with cardiovascular disease, very low blood pressure may actually boost their risk of stroke and heart attack, according to a new — and controversial — report.

“There is a point at which blood pressure lowering becomes counterproductive,” says Franz H. Messerli, MD, a professor of clinical medicine at Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons and director of the hypertension program in the division of cardiology at St. Luke’s-Roosevelt Hospital in New York.

Messerli is the senior author on the report linking very low pressures with a higher risk of heart attack and stroke, scheduled to be presented today at the annual meeting of The American Society of Hypertension in San Francisco.

The “danger” points, according to Messerli’s analysis, are 110 or lower for systolic pressure (the top number of the reading) and 60 or lower for diastolic pressure (the bottom number).

For the general population, a blood pressure of 140/90 or above is considered high; blood pressure between 120/80 and 139/89 is considered prehypertension, according to the National Institutes of Health.

But another hypertension expert criticized the study on a number of fronts. “In my opinion this analysis should be ignored,” says Henry Black, MD, a nephrologist and clinical professor of internal medicine at New York University School of Medicine.

Blood Pressure: The Lower the Better?

Messerli and colleagues extracted data from the Treating to New Targets (TNT) trial, which enrolled 10,001 patients with known coronary artery disease and assigned them to two different doses of Lipitor, trying to evaluate whether aggressive lowering of LDL “bad” cholesterol would reduce heart attacks and strokes. The patients were followed for nearly five years.

Messerli’s team looked at the relationship between systolic blood pressure or diastolic blood pressure and major cardiovascular events such as heart attack and stroke.

“If you go down to 130, 120, it’s no big deal,” Messerli tells WebMD. But in his analysis, he found that reducing systolic blood pressure to 110 was associated with a 3.1-fold increased risk of major cardiovascular events.

As for diastolic pressure, those in the group with diastolic pressures of 60 or less had a 3.3-fold increased risk of heart attack and stroke.

In the study, a pressure of 140.6/79.8 was linked with the lowest rate of heart attack and stroke.

In general, Messerli says, doctors have long believed “the lower the better” when it comes to blood pressure. His study suggests that may not be so for those with known coronary artery disease. “The dictum ‘the lower the better’ does not apply for the TNT coronary heart disease population,” he tells WebMD.

He concludes that a so-called J-curve relationship exists — that is, pressures either too high or too low adversely affect the risk of heart attack and stroke. Why low pressure would do that is not certain, he says.

Blood Pressure: Study Details ‘Sketchy’

Much more study is needed on the proposed relationship between very low blood pressure and the risk of cardiovascular events, says Black.

“The details are too sketchy to make any recommendation at all,” he says. The J curve, he adds, has been discussed for decades among high blood pressure experts. He says most cardiology experts don’t believe it exists.

The original intent of the TNT study, he says, was not to look at blood pressure but to look at aggressive lowering of LDL cholesterol and its effects on heart attacks and strokes in patients with coronary artery disease.

“This data needs to be dissected,” agrees Ravi Dave, MD, a cardiologist at Santa Monica-UCLA and Orthopaedic Hospital and clinical associate professor of medicine at the University of California Los Angeles David Geffen School of Medicine, who also reviewed the analysis for WebMD.

In clinical practice, Dave says, he tends to keep patients with coronary artery disease at systolic pressures higher than 100. “Once patients’ systolic pressure gets lower than 100, they will have side effects of fatigue, dizziness, tiredness, and they may even lose consciousness,” he says.

The findings apply only to those with known coronary artery disease, Messerli cautions, and not to the general population.

His advice? If someone has known coronary artery disease, ”you want to be a bit careful in lowering the blood pressure.”

Black cautions that patients on blood pressure lowering drugs should never stop or adjust their doses without consulting the doctor who prescribed them.

Calculating the mean arterial pressure (MAP)

MAP, or mean arterial pressure, is defined as the average pressure in a patient’s arteries during one cardiac cycle. It is considered a better indicator of perfusion to vital organs than systolic blood pressure (SBP). True MAP can only be determined by invasive monitoring and complex calculations; however it can also be calculated using a formula of the SBP and the diastolic blood pressure (DBP).

You may also want to listen to the following podcast…

Physiology Fundamentals: Mean Arterial Pressure

To calculate a mean arterial pressure, double the diastolic blood pressure and add the sum to the systolic blood pressure. Then divide by 3. For example, if a patient’s blood pressure is 83 mm Hg/50 mm Hg, his MAP would be 61 mm Hg. Here are the steps for this calculation:

MAP = SBP + 2 (DBP)

                3

MAP = 83 +2 (50)

                3

MAP = 83 +100

             3

MAP = 183

           3

MAP = 61 mm HG

Another way to calculate the MAP is to first calculate the pulse pressure (subtract the DBP from the SBP) and divide that by 3, then add the DBP:

MAP = 1/3 (SBP – DBP) + DBP

MAP = 1/3 (83-50) + 50

MAP = 1/3 (33) + 50

MAP = 11 + 50

MAP = 61 mm Hg

There are several clinical situations in which it is especially important to monitor mean arterial pressure. In patients with sepsis, vasopressors are often titrated based on the MAP. In the guidelines of the Surviving Sepsis Campaign, it is recommended that mean arterial pressure (MAP) be maintained ≥ 65 mm Hg. Also, in patients with head injury or stroke, treatment may be dependent on the patient’s MAP. 

In what other clinical situations do you monitor MAP?  

References:
Surviving Sepsis Campaign. Accessed December 8, 2011.

Smeltzer, S. C., Bare, B. G., Hinkle, J. L., & Cheever, K. H. (2010). Brunner & Suddarth’s Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Twelfth Edition. Philadelpha: Wolters Kluwer Health/ Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

 

More Reading & Resources
Physiology Fundamentals: Mean Arterial Pressure [PODCAST]
Focus On: Sepsis
Focus On: Stroke

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What Is a Normal Blood Pressure Range?

A normal blood pressure range is important to support heart and overall health. We’re explaining everything you need to know about what blood pressure numbers mean.

If you have ever been to the doctor, you are familiar with the practice of taking blood pressure readings. Taking blood pressure is critical, as high blood pressure (hypertension) gives no warning sign.

What’s more, many people are unaware they have the condition until complications arise and it might be too late. This is why hypertension is coined the “silent killer”.

But what actually do the numbers mean? Is there such a thing as perfect blood pressure? If so, how do you ensure readings fall in the recommended range?

Find out what the numbers should look like and what to do about it here!

What Is Blood Pressure?

Blood pressure (BP) measures the force of blood against artery walls as the heart beats and pumps it. A blood pressure range is comprised of two measurements: systolic and diastolic.

• Systolic blood pressure measures the pressure within the arteries while the heart is pumping blood. Systolic blood pressure should be less than 120 and is read as the top number.

• Diastolic blood pressure measures the pressure between each heartbeat or pump. Or, when the heart is resting and refilling with blood. Diastolic BP should be less than 80 and is read as the bottom number.

Again, blood pressure is read as systolic over diastolic (systolic/diastolic) with measurements written as millimeters of mercury (mmHg). The readings are then placed into a category.

BP chart sourced from the American Heart Association

What Is a Normal BP Range for Women and Men?

Greater regard is often given to systolic BP, mostly due to the fact it tends to rise with age. This makes it a major risk factor for heart disease, especially after age 50.

However, both systolic and diastolic pressures are important. In fact, the AHA reports death risk from ischemic heart disease and stroke doubles with every 20 mm Hg systolic increase. This also serves true with every 10 mm Hg diastolic increase among people from age 40 to 89.

Ultimately, 120 over 80 or under is considered to be normal or good blood pressure. At this point, medical treatment is not necessary. People are, however, encouraged to sustain a healthy lifestyle while monitoring BP as advised.

An elevated reading of 120 to 129 and less than 80 is also known as prehypertension. This is essentially a predictive warning sign of developing high blood pressure, or hypertension. Hypertension was previously diagnosed at 140 over 90 or higher. However, new guidelines identify stage 1 hypertension is measured at 130 to 139 or 80 to 89.

Before being diagnosed with hypertension, your doctor will likely take two to three BP readings. This may be over three or more separate appointments according to the Mayo Clinic. Calculating average blood pressure also helps provide a more accurate picture of current status, as pressures naturally ebb and flow throughout the day.

If managing diabetes, heart failure, and other conditions, BPs are recommended to be kept below 130/85. However, a doctor can help determine a safe range for you, along with recognizing any concern for too low of readings.

Causes, Risk Factors, and Consequences of High Blood Pressure

While there is no BP chart by age, weight, and gender, each variable, amongst others, can influence readings. WebMD suggests while the exact causes of high BP are not known, these factors likely play a role:

• Poor diet, including too much salt and alcohol intake

• A sedentary lifestyle

• Smoking

• Stress

• Genetics and family history of high blood pressure

• Growing older

• Certain health conditions, including chronic kidney disease, adrenal and thyroid disorders, and sleep apnea

People can also have high BP due to white coat syndrome. For instance, a normal resting BP might be 110/72 mmHg. However, going to the doctor may cause anxiety and lead to abnormal readings.

Exceeding the healthy blood pressure range for men and women deserves strategic interventions to lower readings. Ideally, this should be partnered with a healthcare professional.

Without proper management, high blood pressure can have serious and dangerous effects on the body. The Mayo Clinic identifies the following health outcomes of high BP:

• Narrowed, weakened, and damaged blood vessels

• Aneurysm

• Coronary artery disease (CAD)

• Enlarged left heart

• Heart failure

• Transient ischemic attack (TIA)

• Stroke

• Dementia

• Mild cognitive impairment

• Kidney failure and scarring

• Eye blood vessel damage

• Nerve damage (neuropathy)

• Sexual dysfunction

• Bone loss

• Sleep difficulties

How to Ensure a Normal Blood Pressure Range

Knowing blood pressure meaning and risks is the first step. The second is making sure average BP ranges remain in proposed levels. Fortunately, BP can be reduced and managed using the following tips:

1. Monitor Blood Pressures

Monitoring and recording blood pressures is how patients can become their own advocates. Checking your blood pressure at home provides useful information on current health status. They also help determine how effective current treatments are working and protect from threatening health problems and risks.

The AHA outlines the proper way to use a home blood pressure monitor. This includes being still, sitting correctly, measuring consistently, and recording results.

2. Make Healthy Lifestyle Changes

While age, genetics, and other factors cannot be changed, there are many methods that can help reduce and manage blood pressure.

Making dietary changes has a profound impact on reducing blood pressure. Adding more whole grains, fruits, veggies, lean and plant-based proteins, and healthy fat sources is encouraged. Lowering salt intake is also recommended.

If the stress of eating a healthy is overwhelming, consider using a meal delivery service that offers a heart-healthy program. For instance, bistroMD’s heart-healthy program is designed to lower blood pressure. All meals fall at or below AHA’s guidelines for calories, sodium, total fat, and saturated fat.

Exercising regularly also helps improve blood pressure readings. Aim for 150 minutes of cardio weekly, or about 30 minutes each day. Quitting smoking and practicing stress-reduction techniques can be helpful, too.

Losing weight is often a byproduct of making healthier lifestyle changes, which further lessens the risk of elevated blood pressure. Besides, weight loss further reduces the risk of other diseases and improves overall health.

3. Take Medications As Needed

While making lifestyle changes is primarily encouraged, blood pressure medications may be prescribed if readings are not controlled. They might also be advised for more aggressive treatment. It is important to follow-up with a doctor to verify the prescription’s success and continue scheduling routine visits.

Ultimately, keep in the know of your blood pressure numbers and seek out medical advice as needed. Ensuring healthy blood pressures cannot only mitigate the risks of additional risks but be lifesaving.

Besides, hypertension is not recognized as the “silent killer” for nothing!

90,000 What is normal, low and high blood pressure? | Eternal Questions | Question-Answer

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Blood pressure is a parameter that shows how hard the blood flow presses on the walls of the vessels. It depends on the speed and strength of the heart, as well as on the total volume of blood that it is able to pass through itself within a minute.

The blood pressure indicator has two parameters – upper and lower pressure.The top number, systolic blood pressure, shows the pressure in the arteries as the heart contracts and pushes blood into the arteries. The lower number – diastolic blood pressure, shows the pressure in the arteries at the time of relaxation of the heart muscle.

Norm of blood pressure

The absolute norm of blood pressure in an adult is considered to be 120/80 mm Hg. However, the value of normal blood pressure can be different for everyone, since it depends on the age of the person, his individual characteristics, lifestyle, occupation.There are age reference points for the blood pressure norm:

• 16–20 years Upper 100–120 mm Hg Lower 70–80 mm Hg.
• 20 – 40 years Upper 120-130 mm Hg Lower 70–80 mm Hg.
• 40 – 60 years Top up to 140 mm Hg Lower to 90 mm Hg
• Over 60 years Top 150 mm Hg Lower 90 mm Hg

Thus, if for a sixteen-year-old boy the pressure is 100/70 mm Hg. – the lower limit of the norm, then in an elderly person after 60 years, such pressure indicates a serious illness.And vice versa, after 60 years, the upper limit of the blood pressure norm is 150/90, which in adolescence would most likely indicate problems with the kidneys, endocrine or cardiovascular system.

High blood pressure

The pressure indicator in a middle-aged person is more than 140/90 mm Hg, already indicates the presence of pathology. However, it is always necessary to keep in mind the concomitant diseases of a person, for example, these same parameters will be considered the norm for patients with diabetes mellitus.

Low blood pressure

Reduced pressure is considered to be an adult’s pressure less than 100/60 mm Hg. On the other hand, people who are constantly exposed to heavy loads, for example, athletes, have a pressure of 100/60 or even 90/50 mm Hg. Art becomes normal.

See also:

Dangerous pressure

Heart disease is the leading cause of total mortality in Russia and in many other countries of the world.

Among the main risk factors for these diseases, experts consider hypertension, the main manifestation of which is high blood pressure.

In addition to negatively affecting heart function, high blood pressure (hypertension) can affect almost all organs and systems in the human body. According to Stanislav Kotlyarov, a family doctor at the Scandinavia clinic, in addition to the heart, which in case of hypertension has to constantly work under conditions of increased stress, the main “target organs” are the kidneys, the retina and the brain.

Floating rate

As Elena Parfenova, a physician-therapist of the highest category of the “Capital-Policy” medical center, said, there are generally accepted norms that reflect normal blood pressure data in a healthy person.

“120/80 is considered to be an average figure, but this is an average figure, variability is allowed,” explains Amina Platunova, head of the medical service of Lakhta Clinic LLC.

In particular, in different age groups, blood pressure standards may differ significantly. If for young men from 20 to 30 years old, 124/77 mm Hg is considered normal, then after 80 years the pressure in the stronger sex increases to 145/83 mm Hg. In healthy women under 30, blood pressure should be lower than that of their peers of the opposite sex. It is at around 117/73 mm Hg, but after 80 years, 158/83 Hg is considered normal. Elena Parfenova explains a similar difference in the standard of blood pressure indicators for people of different age groups by the fact that over the years, certain physiological changes occur in the body associated with wear and tear of blood vessels, hormonal changes and other factors.

However, according to Amina Platunova, if the patient is elderly and used to living with high numbers, then it is not worth artificially lowering blood pressure to target values, since this is often fraught with complications. Stanislav Kotlyarov believes that sudden pressure drops are much more dangerous – in particular, when taking a large dose of drugs that are prescribed for hypertensive crises.

“This can often lead to a stroke, and constant and daily therapy can protect against this,” says Stanislav Kotlyarov. Elena Parfenova also notes that blood pressure is practically never the same in both young and old people – it changes by 5-10 units both in one direction and in the other direction. “Such phenomena are explained by physical exertion, stressful situations, the use of certain foods or drinks (alcohol, coffee), as well as the use of certain drugs that cause a spasmodic or vasodilating effect,” says Elena Parfenova.

Signal of imminent trouble

Due to the fact that normal pressure is a certain range of values ​​depending on each specific person, then deviations from the norm lie in a certain interval.”There is a concept of prehypertension – a borderline state, which, if measures are not taken, easily reaches arterial hypertension. It is dangerous because it often does not manifest itself – a person feels as usual,” says Elena Parfenova. This situation can last for many years, however, according to Stanislav Kotlyarov, even at this asymptomatic moment, damage to the blood vessels and the heart can already be detected. “It is not for nothing that they call hypertension a“ silent killer ”; many people do not even suspect that they have had it for a long time.High blood pressure can cause headaches or vomiting, but this is rare. And the only way that will help determine hypertension is continuous monitoring of blood pressure, “says Stanislav Kotlyarov. In particular, patients with jumping pressure are recommended to keep a diary of monitoring indicators for a month. According to Elena Parfenova, if there are consistently high numbers (above 130 / 80) and jumps occur throughout the day, then even without any abnormalities, you should consult a doctor for advice.A constant overestimation of the indicator is the first signal of the onset of hypertension.

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Central aortic pressure: reference and diagnostic values ​​| Kuznetsov

1. Sharman J.E., Laurent S. Central blood pressure in the management of hypertension: soon reaching the goal? J Hum Hypertens 2013; 27 (7): 405-411. DOI: 10.1038 / jhh.2013.23.

2. Herbert A., Cruickshank J.K., Laurent S., Boutouyrie P. Reference values ​​for arterial measurements collaboration. Establishing reference values ​​for central blood pressure and its amplification in a general healthy population and according to cardiovascular risk factors.Eur Heart J 2014; 35 (44): 3122-3133. DOI: 10.1093 / eurheartj / ehu293.

3. Cheng H.M., Chuang S.Y., Sung S.H. et al. Derivation and validation of diagnostic thresholds for central blood pressure measurements based on long-term cardiovascular risks. J Am Coll Cardiol 2013; 62 (19): 1780-1787. DOI: 10.1016 / j.jacc.2013.06.029.

4. Hao G., Wang Z., Zhang L. et al. Thresholds of central systolic blood pressure in a normotensive chinese middle-aged population. Angiology 2016; 67 (2): 174-179. DOI: 10.1177 / 0003319715584134.

5. Chung J.W., Lee Y.S., Kin J.H. et al. Reference values ​​for the augmentation index and pulse pressure in apparently healthy Korean subjects. Korean Circ J 2010; 40: 165-171. DOI: 10.4070 / kcj.2010.40.4.165.

6.Li Y., Staessen J.A., Li L.H. et al. Reference values ​​for the arterial pulse wave in Chinese. Am J Hypertens 2008; 21: 668–673. DOI: 10.1038 / ajh.2008.151.

7. Shiburi C. P., Staessen J. A., Maseko M. et al. Reference values ​​for SphygmoCor

8. measurements in South Africans of African ancestry. Am J Hypertens 2006; 19: 40–46. DOI: 10.1016 / j.amjhyper.2005.06.018.

9. Wojciechowska W., Staessen J. A., Nawrot T. et al. Reference values ​​in white Europeans for the arterial pulse wave recorded by means of the SphygmoCor device. Hypertens Res 2006; 29: 475-483. DOI: 10.1291 / hypres.29.475.

10. Woodiwiss A.J., Gavin R.N. Thresholds for central blood pressures and augmentation indices – are they needed and how far are we in the process of their definition? Current Hypertension Reviews 2012; 8: 91–99.DOI: 10.2174 / 157340212800840681.

11. Staessen J. A., Gasowski J., Thijs L., Fagard R. Diagnostic thresholds for the clinical use of ambulatory pressure monitoring. Acta Physiol Pharmacol Bulg 1999; 24: 53-64.

12. Kikuya M., Hansen T. W., Thijs L. et al. on behalf of the International Database on Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in relation to Cardiovascular Outcomes (IDACO) Investigators.Diagnostic thresholds for ambulatory blood pressure monitoring based on 10-year cardiovascular risk. Circulation 2007; 115: 2145-2152. DOI: 10.1161 / CIRCULATIONAHA.106.662254.

13. Staessen J.A., O’Brien E.T. Development of diagnostic thresholds for automated measurement of blood pressures in adults. Blood Press Monit 1999; 4: 127-136.

14.Staessen J.A., Thijs L. Development of diagnostic thresholds for automated self-measurement of blood pressure in adults. first international consensus conference on blood pressure self-measurement. Blood Press Monit 2000; 5: 101-109.

15. Wayne, P.A. Clinical Laboratory and Standards Institute. “How to Define and Determine Reference Intervals in the Clinical Laboratory; Approved Guideline – Second Edition ”CLSI document C28-A2, 2000.

16. Horowitz G.L., Altaie S., Boyd J.C. et al. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Defining, Establishing and Verifying Reference Intervals in the Clinical Laboratory; Approved Guideline – Third Edition CLSI document C28-A3, 2008.

17. Avolio A. P., Van Bortel L. M., Boutouyrie P. et al. Role of pulse pressure amplification in arterial hypertension: experts’ opinion and review of the data.Hypertension 2009; 54: 375-383. DOI: 10.1161 / HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.134379.

18. Gubner R.S., Ungerlieder H.E. Electrocardiographic criteria of left ventricular hypertrophy: factors determining the evolution of the electrocardiographic patterns in hypertrophy and bundle branch block. Arch Intern Med 1943; 72: 196-209. DOI: 10.1016 / S0002-8703 (43)

-9.

19.Sokolow M., Lyon T.P. The ventricular complex in left ventricular hypertrophy as obtained by unipolar and limb leads. Am Heart J 1949; 37: 161-186. DOI: 10.1016 / 0002-8703 (49)

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20. Hulsen H.T., Nijdam M.E., Bos W.J. et al. Spurious systolic hypertension in young adults; prevalence of high brachial systolic blood pressure and low central pressure and its determinants. J Hypertens 2006; 24: 1027-1032. DOI: 10.1097 / 01.hjh.0000226191.36558.9c.

21. Mancia G., Fagard R., Narkiewicz K. et al. 2013 ESH / ESC Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: the Task Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). J Hypertens 2013; 31 (7): 1281-1357. DOI: 10.1097 / 01.hjh.0000431740.32696.cc.

22.McEniery C. M., Yasmin, McDonnell B. et al. Central pressure: variability and impact of cardiovascular risk factors: the Anglo-Cardiff Collaborative Trial II. Hypertension 2008; 51 (6): 1476-1482. DOI: 10.1161 / HYPERTENSIONAHA.107.105445.

23. Takase H., Dohi Y., Kimura G. Distribution of central blood pressure values ​​estimated by Omron HEM-9000AI in the Japanese general population. Hypertens Res 2013; 36 (1): 50-57. DOI: 10.1038 / hr. 2012.122.

24. Niiranen T. J., Asayama K., Thijs L. et al. Outcome-driven thresholds for home blood pressure measurement: international database of home blood pressure in relation to cardiovascular outcome. Hypertension 2013; 61 (1): 27–34. DOI: 10.1161 / HYPERTENSIONAHA.111.00100.

25. McEniery C. M., Yasmin, Hall I. R., Qasem A.et al. Normal vascular aging: differential effects on wave reflection and aortic pulse wave velocity. The Anglo-Cardiff Collaborative Trial (ACCT). J Am Coll Cardiol 2005; 46: 1753-1760.

26. Mitchell G. F., Wang N., Palmisano J. N. et al. Hemodynamic correlates of blood pressure across the adult age spectrum: noninvasive evaluation in the Framingham heart study. Circulation 2010; 122: 1379-1386. DOI: 10.1161 / CIRCULATIONAHA.109.914507.

27. Townsend R.R., Black H.R., Chirinos J.A. et al. Clinical use of pulse wave analysis: proceedings from a symposium sponsored by North American Artery. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2015; 17 (7): 503-513. DOI: 10.1111 / jch. 12574.

Three ways to raise blood pressure without drugs are named

https://ria.ru/20200604/1572484606.html

Three ways to raise blood pressure without drugs are named

Three ways to raise blood pressure without drugs are named – RIA Novosti, 04.06.2020

Three ways to raise blood pressure without drugs were named

Doctor and TV presenter Sergei Agapkin on the air of the program “On the Most Important” on the TV channel “Russia 1” told how to raise the pressure without using … RIA Novosti, 04.06.2020

2020-06-04T19: 07

2020-06-04T19: 07

2020-06-04T19: 57

health

health – society

pressure

society

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MOSCOW, June 4 – RIA Novosti. Doctor and TV presenter Sergei Agapkin on the air of the program “On the most important” on the TV channel “Russia 1” told how you can raise blood pressure without using medication. He noted that the problem of hypotonic patients is the weak tone of the vascular wall, which does not allow maintaining pressure. with this, he advised to increase the amount of water consumed by one and a half times, for example, drink it 30 minutes before a meal.You can also increase pressure with one or two cups of coffee and salty foods in the morning. “This combination will lead to the fact that salt will retain fluid and, accordingly, increase pressure, and caffeine will stimulate the tone of blood vessels,” Agapkin said In addition, the use of a wrist expander can normalize pressure. It is necessary to do the exercises for ten seconds on each hand for five to ten passes. “After a short period of time, your pressure will rise to such values ​​as that of an astronaut. & lt; … & gt; You will feel very cheerful, “the doctor said.

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health, health is society, pressure, society

MOSCOW, June 4 – RIA Novosti. Doctor and TV presenter Sergei Agapkin on the air of the program “On the most important thing” on the TV channel “Russia 1” told how you can raise blood pressure without using medication.

He noted that the problem of hypotonic patients is the weak tone of the vascular wall, which does not allow maintaining pressure.

June 2, 2020, 14:54

Myasnikov told how to deal with pressure surges

To cope with this, he advised to increase the amount of water consumed by one and a half times, for example, drink it 30 minutes before a meal.

You can also increase your blood pressure with one or two cups of coffee and salty foods in the morning.

“This combination will lead to the fact that salt will retain fluid and, accordingly, increase pressure, and caffeine will stimulate the tone of blood vessels,” Agapkin said.

In addition, the use of a wrist expander can normalize pressure. It is necessary to do the exercises for ten seconds on each hand for five to ten passes.

“After a short period of time, your pressure will rise to such values ​​as that of an astronaut.<…> You will feel very cheerful, “the doctor said.

May 20, 2020, 08:00 AM The cardiologist named the five most dangerous products for the heart 90,000 BPM – daily blood pressure monitoring

Daily monitoring of blood pressure (ABPM) is a method of monitoring the dynamics of blood pressure throughout the day, which will allow you to avoid complications in the work of the heart, pay attention to frightening symptoms in time and undergo treatment of the cardiovascular system under the supervision of competent specialists.

The influence of blood pressure on a person’s well-being is very great. That is why a sharp increase (less often a decrease) can lead to the development of life-threatening conditions – fainting, hypertensive crisis, stroke, etc.

Where in Khabarovsk can you undergo 24-hour blood pressure monitoring?

Medical center “Art-Medic” offers to undergo SMAD examination in Khabarovsk. For more detailed information about the service, call 8 (4212) 55-60-61 or make an appointment with a cardiologist and tell the doctor about your symptoms.Treatment for high or low blood pressure will be prescribed as soon as the test results are deciphered. Depending on the blood pressure indicators, an additional examination may be required – Holter ECG monitoring.

Medical center “Art Medic” is located at Khabarovsk, st. Panfilovtsev, 38.

How much does SMAD cost at the Art Medic medical center?

The cost of daily blood pressure monitoring in our medical center is not high.It does not exceed the price of a conventional home heart pressure monitor, therefore it is available to all patients.

9027 the center “Art Medic” often holds promotions, within the framework of which discounts are provided for certain types of diagnostic measures and treatment.Information about them is regularly updated on the main page of our website.

Why is ABPM carried out?

Heart disease is the most common cause of death in old age. An increasing number of pathologies are recorded annually in young people. The cardiology industry has an impressive arsenal of tools to help people with disabilities of the heart muscle, however, the main problem is that patients turn to doctors for help when the disease progresses.

Hypertension detected at an early stage will allow adequate treatment to prevent the development of pathological conditions such as stroke, heart attack, etc. One of the best ways to keep jumping pressure under control is ABPM examination – daily monitoring of blood pressure. The procedure involves fixing a special pressure measurement system on the body, which reflects blood pressure indicators in vivo at different times.

The equipment is actively used by the patient for 1-2 days.The subsequent ABPM decoding gives the doctor the necessary information, on the basis of which a conclusion is made about the presence / absence of hypertension or its symptomatic manifestations due to chronic diseases.

ABPM examination is also used for hypertensive patients, when it is required to clarify how blood pressure behaves during the day, what reaction is observed to taking certain drugs. To form a more complete picture, an additional diagnostic method is used – Holter ECG monitoring.

What are the indications for daily monitoring of blood pressure?

Daily monitoring of blood pressure is carried out in the following situations:

• In case of suspicion of the development of hypertension, when, when taking measurements, the equipment shows border values;
• For the first time recorded a jump in blood pressure, which resulted in a sharp deterioration in health;
• When there is a suspicion of the development of symptomatic hypertension, in which pressure rises in response to the patient’s nervous state, stress, with exacerbation of chronic diseases;
• In the presence of a heredity factor, when there were cases of complicated hypertension in the family history;
• When it is necessary to identify the critical values ​​of blood pressure during the day in people suffering from hypertension;
• To assess the effectiveness of the treatment and consider changing the therapeutic course.

A doctor may prescribe an ABPM for frequent fainting conditions to eliminate the likelihood of the body reacting to low blood pressure.

What diseases cause high or low blood pressure?

In about 80% of cases, doctors cannot explain the cause of the increase in blood pressure. This condition is called essential hypertension, which for the most part tends to be inherited. The remaining 20% ​​of patients can cope with this disease on their own if the causes of high blood pressure are eliminated.By the way, such hypertension is called symptomatic, since it indicates the presence of other chronic diseases in the body.

So, the pressure often rises due to:

1. Kidney disease. The filtration mechanisms are disrupted and too much fluid remains in the bloodstream.
2. Hormonal (endocrine) disorders. This is caused by diseases of the thyroid gland and adrenal glands.
3. Alcohol abuse. One of the components of a hangover syndrome is a headache, which just arises from vascular spasms. In order to prevent this, it is worth sticking to moderation in the use of alcoholic beverages and not drinking after 6 pm.
4. Medicines. Most pain relievers contain caffeine or vasoconstrictor plant extracts. This provokes vasospasm and, as a result, hypertension.
5. Table salt. Eating salty and savory foods increases blood pressure, especially if done at night. To lower blood pressure, it is worth eating such dishes in small portions in the morning.
6. Pathologies of the musculoskeletal system, especially the cervical spine. Excessive muscle tension or spasm can pinch a blood vessel, causing BP to rise. To lower blood pressure in this case, it is sometimes enough to simply massage.
7. Stress. The sudden release of stress hormones – adrenaline and cortisol – causes vascular spasm and increases blood pressure. The same thing happens with chronic stress, although in this case it becomes more difficult to find the cause of hypertension.
8. Hypodynamia. Moderate physical activity always has a beneficial effect on the body, including increasing vascular tone. This is the best prevention of hypertension.
9. Abuse of caffeinated beverages – tea, coffee and energy drinks.
10. Absence of a constant daily routine. We are talking about daily work or periodic night shifts.

Table of normal blood pressure by age (in adults and children)

Rarely, at least once in his life, does not ask himself what blood pressure is considered normal for a person? Of course, the indicators depend on the lifestyle, constitution, nutrition and even the time of day, however, there are average figures that doctors operate when making a diagnosis.Data are shown in the table below, blood pressure unit is mm. rt. Art., the first number denotes systolic (upper), and the second – diastolic (lower) blood pressure.

In general, it is worth noting some gender differences in numbers. So, before patients reach 30-40 years of age, blood pressure in men is slightly higher than in women. After this age, women experience higher numbers, which is associated with hormonal changes and menopause.

Why is high blood pressure dangerous?

If you ask yourself how it affects blood pressure on a person’s well-being, then the answer will be definite – extremely negative. Raising low blood pressure is much easier than coping with hypertension, so high blood pressure is definitely a cause for concern.The most severe consequences of chronic hypertension are:

• Vascular atherosclerosis;
• Heart failure;
• Heart attack;
• Stroke of the brain;
• Cerebrovascular accident;
• Renal failure;
• Fall in visual acuity;
• Development of metabolic syndrome;
• Impotence.

And most importantly, can high blood pressure lead to death? Yes, the consequences of a heart attack, stroke, acute heart and kidney failure, as well as severe cerebral ischemia can have irreversible consequences up to the death of the patient.Moreover, the increase in symptoms occurs so rapidly that even ambulance doctors are not always able to save a person.

How is daily monitoring carried out?

The weight of the device used for diagnostics does not exceed 300 grams, so its operation will not cause discomfort. The doctor will fix the cuff of the tonometer to your shoulder by securing the pressure monitor under your clothing. You can go about your usual activities without fear that the picture of the ABPM will be distorted. By recording your activities in a special diary, you will be able to compare later the jumps in blood pressure and the factors influencing it.The information obtained will help to draw up an adequate treatment plan or eliminate the risk of developing hypertension.

If you regularly take medications that lower blood pressure, then you must do this during the diagnosis. So the cardiologist will be able to assess their effectiveness and duration of action.

How to prepare for the procedure?

ABPM does not require any preliminary preparation from the patient. One has only to take care of personal hygiene in advance, since the presence of the device and sensors on the body excludes the possibility of taking a shower or a bath.

Some patients are interested in whether eye drops affect blood pressure, or does an increase in eye pressure affect blood pressure? If you need to drop vasoconstrictor drugs into your eyes or nose, then this must be reflected in the diary that you keep. If the tonometer detects a pressure surge, then the doctor will understand the reason for this.

How to determine the increase in blood pressure at home?

To determine the pressure at home or directly in the doctor’s office, a tonometer is used – a device for measuring blood pressure, which can be either mechanical or electronic.The cuff of a mechanical tonometer is attached to the shoulder, and among the electronic ones there are both classic models and new ones, in which the cuff is fixed on the wrist.

If you do not suffer from hypertension, however, are faced with an episodic increase in blood pressure by several units, then it is recommended to just rest or take a mild hypotensive, for example, tea with viburnum or valerian tincture. If blood pressure has increased by 10 or more units, this is a reason to consult a doctor as soon as possible.

How to correctly measure pressure with a tonometer?

Information on how to correctly measure pressure with a tonometer is detailed in the instructions for the device itself. Different models require the cuff to be located in different areas – more often on the shoulder (above the elbow) and on the forearm (1-2 cm from the wrist). If you use a tonometer that is attached to the wrist, then the arm must be bent at the elbow, resting it on the table, and the hand must be at the same level as the heart. However, there are general rules for measuring pressure, which read:

• During the procedure, you must sit absolutely still.
• Can’t talk.
• Do not overtighten the arm with the cuff.
• Before use, it is necessary to completely release any air from the cuff that may have remained there after the previous procedure.

In what units is blood pressure measured? The scale of a mechanical tonometer is graduated in mm Hg. On the electrical device in the windows, indicators will be displayed – systolic and diastolic pressure, as well as pulse.

How reliable are watches and fitness bracelets that measure blood pressure and heart rate?

The pressure measurement sensor in these electronic devices is not sensitive enough, although it is capable of picking up fluctuations in blood pressure.To take readings for diagnostic purposes, of course, it is recommended to buy a special blood pressure monitor with a full-fledged manometer. Watches and bracelets can only be used to screen or monitor blood pressure in a healthy person after or during sports training.

Reviews about blood pressure measurement at Art Medic

Patients of the Art Medic clinic leave on our website feedback on the diagnostics passed, including the ABPM technique.You can get acquainted with them here.

Many thanks to Olga Yurievna! I brought my mother to see a therapist. They removed a cardiogram, immediately did an ultrasound of the heart and immediately received a full consultation with a doctor with recommendations and treatment prescription, Mom and I were satisfied. Thank you for your attentiveness, sensitivity and high professionalism!
Take care of these doctors.

Anonymous patient, 06 July 2012

Hypotension | First aid courses

Blood pressure (BP) is one of the main indicators of vital activity along with heart rate, respiration and temperature.This is the force with which the blood presses on the walls of the vessels.

It is usually represented by two numbers.

• The first is systolic (upper) pressure is the pressure generated in the vessels during systole (heart contraction).
• Second – diastolic (lower) pressure is the pressure that exists in the vessels during relaxation of the heart (diastole).

Systolic pressure is always higher than diastolic pressure.

Normal pressure is considered to be in the intervals

• from 100 to 139 mm Hg. for systolic (“upper”) blood pressure
• from 60 to 89 mm Hg. Art. for diastolic (“lower”) blood pressure.

Hypotension – a condition in which blood pressure (BP) falls below normal.

Tachycardia (high pulse) – acceleration of the heart rate in an adult up to 90 beats per minute or more.

Low blood pressure with high heart rate may require emergency medical attention.

Usually, at first, a person has a decrease in blood pressure, and then tachycardia develops as a compensatory reaction, which is aimed at improving the blood supply to organs and tissues. Less commonly, there is a situation where a rapid pulse precedes a decrease in blood pressure.

The causes of low blood pressure lie both in external influences on the body and in serious diseases.

Causes of high pulse at low pressure Physiological tachycardia against the background of low blood pressure can occur

– During physical exertion. Professional and novice athletes do not always correctly calculate the necessary physical activity and overstrain the body. It, in turn, goes into “energy-saving mode”, decreasing the heart rate and blood pressure.

– When adapting to new conditions . It is especially common among travelers. Climate change when moving to another country, a change in time zone, as well as a change in altitude when climbing mountains, may be associated with changes in atmospheric pressure.

– With emotional upheavals, with tress or depression.

– In case of violation of the usual diet of the body . If the body lacks nutrients to function properly, it responds by lowering blood pressure. The shortage can be caused by prolonged fasting, which is carried out to cleanse the body of toxins, as well as mono-diets, in which a person consumes only one product, depriving his body of the influx of nutrients.After consuming certain foods or drinks, for example, caffeinated ones, sugary carbonated drinks in large quantities.

– after a hot bath, a visit to a sauna or bathhouse, staying in a stuffy room, or in a subway car. The body is in unusually warm conditions. As a result, blood vessels dilate and blood pressure decreases.

The reasons why the pulse rises with low blood pressure include:

• severe and severe blood loss caused by illness, injury or injury.Losing blood, the heart begins to beat faster to maintain blood pressure, reducing the level of blood flow in the vessels. As a result, the pressure decreases and the skin turns blue.
• shock conditions against the background of allergic reactions (anaphylactic shock), poisoning, injuries;
• gestation period;
• with prolonged vomiting, diarrhea, heatstroke;
• exacerbation of internal diseases. Heart failure leads to the fact that the heart stops pumping blood normally, and the vessels lose their former elasticity.
• alcohol abuse;
• atherosclerotic lesions of blood vessels;
• vitamin deficiency;
• decrease in body temperature;
• Panic attacks
• A sharp drop in blood glucose levels.
• a sharp increase in the level of thyroid hormones in the blood;
• sepsis (blood poisoning).
• taking certain medications: antibiotics, antidepressants, painkillers, diuretics, some alcoholic tinctures and a number of other drugs.
• Overdose of narcotic substances also threatens the development of tachycardia, accompanied by hypotension.

Sometimes blood pressure drops due to a significantly accelerated heartbeat, since the heart does not have time to fill with blood, which leads to a decrease in the volume of blood ejected with each heartbeat.

Tachycardia leading to hypotension is rare. It can develop suddenly if you have coronary artery disease.

Symptoms of lowering blood pressure

• weakness, drowsiness, distracted attention, decreased performance;
• dizziness;
• nausea;
• vomiting;
• loss of consciousness;
• impaired coordination of movements;
• pallor of the skin;
• slowdown or rapid heart rate.
• headache.
• Often, hypotension is accompanied by autonomic disorders – sweating of the palms and feet, thermoregulation disorders – a decrease in temperature to 35.8 – 36 ° C, sometimes there may be a feeling of incomplete inhalation or shortness of breath during exercise.

FIRST AID FOR HYPOTONIA

The first thing to do in the event of a sudden drop in blood pressure is to make sure the victim is not diabetic and has no injury or injury that could cause internal bleeding.Indeed, in the presence of internal bleeding, measures designed to increase blood pressure can accelerate blood loss, and an attempt to medically narrow blood vessels to increase pressure at low glucose levels will not give any result.

People with diabetes usually have tokens or cards in their documents confirming the presence of diabetes. This can help if the patient is unconscious or inadequate. Among the external signs of a sharp drop in glucose in a diabetic is the smell of acetone from the mouth.

If you are sure that the reason for the drop in pressure in the victim is not diabetes or internal bleeding, then the following actions should be taken.

• lay the victim on a horizontal surface, on his back,
• raising his legs, placing a pillow or rolled blanket under the shins.
• Provide fresh air, open a window or window,
• Unbutton or remove tight clothing.
• measure blood pressure – you need to make sure that it is below normal, record the result, record the time.
• Drink strong hot, sweet tea.
• cover with a rug or blanket, because a drop in pressure is usually accompanied by a significant drop in body temperature.

If, despite the measures taken, the pressure continues to fall, the patient loses consciousness – immediately call an ambulance.

What categorically DO NOT do to increase pressure.

– Do not give caffeine tablets or coffee to the patient.Caffeine causes an increase in heart rate, and this is highly undesirable in a situation with low blood pressure.

– Never give alcohol to the patient. It dilates the peripheral vessels, and this will cause an even greater decrease in pressure.

– If the patient is conscious, there is no need to give him the smell of ammonia or other substances with a pungent smell – this will only increase the heaviness and pain in the head.

what does it mean and what diseases does it decrease or increase

19:21 02 March 2020

When measuring blood pressure, two parameters are taken into account: upper systolic and lower diastolic pressure.Everyone knows that the latter indicator is always much less. It is measured with the heart muscle relaxed. By the way, understanding what the lower pressure in a person is responsible for, you can notice in time violations in the work of the circulatory system. This figure shows how elastic the vessels of the body are. It depends on the tone of the peripheral arteries. The indicator is in the region of 60-90 mm Hg. Art. considered normal. If the figure is much more or, on the contrary, less, then this is a real reason to see a doctor.

Popular News

The state of the vessels depends both on the elasticity of their walls and on the normal functioning of the kidneys.Often, it is with problems with this organ that the lower pressure indicator can change. By the way, it is often called renal.

So, the following leads to large numbers on the tonometer:

• narrowing of the kidney artery;

• chronic renal failure;

• glomerulonephritis;

• pyelonephritis;

• an excess of sodium or iodine compounds in the body;

• dysfunction of the adrenal glands;

• thyroid disease.