Definition, Risks, and How to Lower It

Written by Matthew Hoffman, MD

• What Is LDL?
• LDL vs. HDL
• High LDL Cholesterol Diagnosis
• Risks of High LDL Cholesterol
• How to Lower High LDL Cholesterol

LDL cholesterol is often called the “bad” cholesterol because it collects in the walls of your blood vessels, raising your chances of health problems like a heart attack or stroke.

But cholesterol isn’t all dangerous. Your body needs it to protect its nerves and make healthy cells and hormones.

Some cholesterol comes from the food you eat, and your liver makes more. It won’t dissolve in blood, so proteins carry it where it needs to go. These carriers are called lipoproteins.

LDL is a tiny blob made up of an outer rim of lipoprotein with a cholesterol center. Its full name is “low-density lipoprotein.”

Most of the cholesterol in your body is LDL. The rest is high-density lipoprotein (HDL) or “good” cholesterol. HDL takes LDL to your liver, where it’s flushed out of your body. High HDL levels might protect against heart attacks and strokes.

A blood test can check your LDL, HDL, and total cholesterol levels. It also measures triglycerides, a type of fat that stores extra energy from your diet. High triglyceride levels can make you more likely to have heart problems.

Experts recommend testing every 4 to 6 years. You’ll probably need it more often if you have heart disease or diabetes, or if high cholesterol runs in your family.

Lower numbers are better when it comes to LDL cholesterol test results. The general guidelines for adults in the United States are:

• Less than 100 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL): Optimal
• 100-129 mg/dL: Near or above optimal
• 130-159 mg/dL: Borderline high
• 160-189 mg/dL: High
• 190 mg/dL and above: Very high

If you have a condition like heart disease or diabetes, your doctor might recommend an LDL target of 70 mg/dL or below.

High LDL cholesterol levels can make you more likely to have problems including:

• Coronary artery disease
• Peripheral artery disease
• Heart disease, including chest pain (angina) and heart attack
• Stroke

Guidelines used to focus on lowering “bad” cholesterol to a specific number. Now, you and your doctor will probably work together to come up with a way to lower it by a certain percentage. It’s based on how likely it is that you’ll have heart disease or a stroke.

Doctors use a calculator to estimate your odds of those problems in the next 10 years. The calculator considers several things, including:

• Your cholesterol level
• Your age
• Your blood pressure
• Whether you smoke
• Whether you take blood pressure medicine

All of these things affect your chance of having a heart problem. Other risks include:

• Diabetes
• A history of heart disease in your family

Your doctor will set up a plan of lifestyle changes and/or medication that can lower your cholesterol levels and your overall odds of a heart problem. Your plan might include:

• A healthy diet. Try not to eat things that are high in saturated fat, cholesterol, or simple carbs such as sugar and white flour. Eat more fiber and plant sterols such as margarine or nuts.
• Regular exercise. The kind that gets your heart pumping is best.
• Weight loss. Losing even 5 to 10 pounds can improve your cholesterol levels.
• Quitting tobacco. If you have a hard time giving up smoking, your doctor can help you find the program that’s best for you.
• Medication. Some drugs, like statins, help keep your body from making cholesterol. Another, ezetimibe (Zetia), lowers the amount of cholesterol your body gets from food you eat. If you can’t take statins or have a severe form of high cholesterol, you might get shots of PCSK9 inhibitors. These meds help your liver remove more LDL from your blood.

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Definition, Risks, and How to Lower It

Written by Matthew Hoffman, MD

• What Is LDL?
• LDL vs. HDL
• High LDL Cholesterol Diagnosis
• Risks of High LDL Cholesterol
• How to Lower High LDL Cholesterol

LDL cholesterol is often called the “bad” cholesterol because it collects in the walls of your blood vessels, raising your chances of health problems like a heart attack or stroke.

But cholesterol isn’t all dangerous. Your body needs it to protect its nerves and make healthy cells and hormones.

Some cholesterol comes from the food you eat, and your liver makes more. It won’t dissolve in blood, so proteins carry it where it needs to go. These carriers are called lipoproteins.

LDL is a tiny blob made up of an outer rim of lipoprotein with a cholesterol center. Its full name is “low-density lipoprotein.”

Most of the cholesterol in your body is LDL. The rest is high-density lipoprotein (HDL) or “good” cholesterol. HDL takes LDL to your liver, where it’s flushed out of your body. High HDL levels might protect against heart attacks and strokes.

A blood test can check your LDL, HDL, and total cholesterol levels. It also measures triglycerides, a type of fat that stores extra energy from your diet. High triglyceride levels can make you more likely to have heart problems.

Experts recommend testing every 4 to 6 years. You’ll probably need it more often if you have heart disease or diabetes, or if high cholesterol runs in your family.

Lower numbers are better when it comes to LDL cholesterol test results. The general guidelines for adults in the United States are:

• Less than 100 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL): Optimal
• 100-129 mg/dL: Near or above optimal
• 130-159 mg/dL: Borderline high
• 160-189 mg/dL: High
• 190 mg/dL and above: Very high

If you have a condition like heart disease or diabetes, your doctor might recommend an LDL target of 70 mg/dL or below.

High LDL cholesterol levels can make you more likely to have problems including:

• Coronary artery disease
• Peripheral artery disease
• Heart disease, including chest pain (angina) and heart attack
• Stroke

Guidelines used to focus on lowering “bad” cholesterol to a specific number. Now, you and your doctor will probably work together to come up with a way to lower it by a certain percentage. It’s based on how likely it is that you’ll have heart disease or a stroke.

Doctors use a calculator to estimate your odds of those problems in the next 10 years. The calculator considers several things, including:

• Your cholesterol level
• Your age
• Your blood pressure
• Whether you smoke
• Whether you take blood pressure medicine

All of these things affect your chance of having a heart problem. Other risks include:

• Diabetes
• A history of heart disease in your family

Your doctor will set up a plan of lifestyle changes and/or medication that can lower your cholesterol levels and your overall odds of a heart problem. Your plan might include:

• A healthy diet. Try not to eat things that are high in saturated fat, cholesterol, or simple carbs such as sugar and white flour. Eat more fiber and plant sterols such as margarine or nuts.
• Regular exercise. The kind that gets your heart pumping is best.
• Weight loss. Losing even 5 to 10 pounds can improve your cholesterol levels.
• Quitting tobacco. If you have a hard time giving up smoking, your doctor can help you find the program that’s best for you.
• Medication. Some drugs, like statins, help keep your body from making cholesterol. Another, ezetimibe (Zetia), lowers the amount of cholesterol your body gets from food you eat. If you can’t take statins or have a severe form of high cholesterol, you might get shots of PCSK9 inhibitors. These meds help your liver remove more LDL from your blood.

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Residents of the Samara region donated 152 liters of blood in one day | SOVA

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• In one day, residents of the Samara region donated 152 liters of donor blood

• Natalia Nikolaeva
• 05/28/2023 | 15:46

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On May 27, several cities of the Samara region took part in the donor Saturday. On this day, 338 residents of the province replenished the blood bank with 152 liters.

Photo: Elena Ulvanova

The results of the donor Saturday were published by the Samara Regional Clinical Blood Transfusion Station.
A total of 480 people signed up to donate blood. According to the results of a preliminary medical examination, 338 donors were able to donate it – 158 residents of Samara, 140 residents of Togliatti and 40 residents of Syzran.

Earlier, the regional Ministry of Health told that the lives of many patients depend on the components of donated blood.

Society
Health

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04/25/2023 | 12:53

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04/22/2023 | 16:52

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More than 400 people donate blood in Samara region on National Donor Day

04/21/2023 | 17:46

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News

• 13:06 Newcomer of BC “Samara” played for the team of the Russian national team against Belarus
• 12:45 A series of lectures and workshops for young people started in the Krasnoyarsk region
• 12:04 Summer in the style of the TRP: the youth of Otradny showed sports achievements
• 11:29 Plenipotentiary of the President in the Volga Federal District congratulated the residents of the district on the holiday
• 11:16 18-year-old employee of the online ordering point confessed to stealing a smartphone
• 09:34 Dmitry Azarov congratulated the residents of the region on the Day of Russia
• 08:45 Sailed away on a boat and fell asleep: on the Iriklinsky reservoir, a man needed the help of rescuers

Specifications Volvo V40 Cross Country

Archival model

DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS	Т4 AWD Drive-E (190 HP)	T4 Drive-E (190 HP)	T5 AWD Drive-E (245 HP)	T3 Drive-E (152 HP)	D2 Drive-E (120 HP)
CPR	Eight-speed automatic transmission Geartronic	Six-speed automatic transmission Geartronict	Eight-speed automatic transmission Geartronic	Six-speed Geartronic transmission	Six-speed Geartronic transmission
Fuel consumption (average)	6. 4 l/100 km	5.6 l/100 km	6.4 l/100 km	5.6 l/100 km	3.9 l/100 km
Fuel consumption (highway)	5.2 l/100 km	4.7 l/100 km	5.2 l/100 km	4.6 l/100 km	3.6 l/100 km
CO2 emissions	149g/100km	129g/100km	149g/100km	131g/100km	101g/100km

WEIGHT	Т4 AWD Drive-E (190 HP)	T4 Drive-E (190 HP)	Т5 AWD Drive-E (245 hp)	T3 Drive-E (152 HP)	D2 Drive-E (120 HP)
Curb weight	1509 kg	1439 kg	1509 kg	1432 kg	1450 kg
Max. roof load weight	75 kg	75 kg	75 kg	75 kg	75 kg

OUTER DIMENSIONS	Т4 AWD Drive-E (190 HP)	T4 Drive-E (190 HP)	Т5 AWD Drive-E (245 HP)	T3 Drive-E (152 HP)	D2 Drive-E (120 HP)
Height	1458 mm	1458 mm	1458 mm	1458 mm	1458 mm
Length	4370 mm	4370 mm	4370 mm	4370 mm	4370 mm
Width	1783 mm	1783 mm	1783 mm	1783 mm	1783 mm
Width incl. side mirrors	2041 mm	2041 mm	2041 mm	2041 mm	2041 mm
Wheel base	2646 mm	2646 mm	2646 mm	2646 mm	2646 mm
Front wheel track	1552 mm	1552 mm	1552 mm	1552 mm	1552 mm
Rear track	1540 mm	1540 mm	1540 mm	1540 mm	1540 mm
Turning diameter	10. 9 m	11.3 m	10.9 m	10.9 m	10.9 m

Attention! Technical information is preliminary. Some information in this price list may
be incorrect due to product specification changes since going out of print. Before clearance
order, ask your Volvo dealer for the latest information. The manufacturer reserves the right
change at any time without prior notice prices, colors, materials and specifications.

Specifications

Volvo B40 Cross Country

again let you see: the car is able to perfectly adapt to the needs of the owner! The best proof of this
has become an impressive line of gasoline and diesel engines of the new generation. Balanced and economical D2 turbodiesel
120 horsepower with a flow rate of 3.9 liters, assertive and dynamic 190-horsepower T4 or frisky all-wheel drive T5 power
245 horsepower and fuel consumption of no more than 6.5 liters – what do you like more?

Car service of the official dealer BorisHof

Invites you to Volvo service in Moscow.