How much pain, bleeding, and discharge is normal?

Some pain and a small amount of spotting are normal during the second trimester. However, it is essential to know when to see a doctor.

For many people, the second trimester marks a moment of calm in pregnancy. The intense symptoms of the first trimester often dissipate, and the exhaustion, muscle pain, and anxiety about birth that are common during the third trimester may not have appeared.

Small amounts of bleeding during the second trimester are typical and may not signal a problem, though it is important to get checked if something feels wrong. In this article, we look at the possible causes and when to see a doctor.

Bleeding is common during the first trimester of pregnancy, affecting 15 to 25 percent of pregnant women.

Bleeding in the second trimester is less usual, with heavier bleeding being a more serious sign than light bleeding. Causes can range from mild inflammation to problems with the placenta or cervix.

Bleeding does not usually mean a woman is going into labor or having a miscarriage.

Women who experience mild bleeding, spotting, or unusual discharge should contact their healthcare providers. When bleeding is heavy or painful, it is a medical emergency.

Possible causes of bleeding in the second trimester include:

Minor cervical irritation

Light spotting does not usually mean that there is a serious problem with the pregnancy, especially if the spotting goes away on its own within a day or two.

During pregnancy, the blood vessels in the cervix may become inflamed, especially when the weight of the uterus puts pressure on them. Some women can experience light bleeding after a pelvic exam or sex.

Cervical growths

Cervical polyps are benign, or non-cancerous, growths on the cervix. They are common and rarely cause any problems.

During pregnancy, cervical polyps may swell or become irritated, causing them to bleed. A doctor can often carry out a quick exam to identify whether a cervical growth is a reason for a person’s bleeding

Placenta issues

The placenta is an organ that nourishes and protects the developing baby. Problems with this organ are a leading cause of bleeding during birth.

Anyone who suspects problems with the placenta must seek immediate treatment, as issues with the placenta can injure the baby and cause dangerous bleeding in the pregnant woman.

Some placenta issues that may cause bleeding in the second trimester include:

• Placenta previa: This is when the placenta is very low in the uterus. It may fully or partially cover the cervix, causing bleeding throughout pregnancy. In severe cases, doctors may recommend extra monitoring or a cesarean delivery.
• Placenta accreta: Placenta accreta causes the placenta to grow much deeper into the uterus than usual. It is more likely to cause bleeding during the third trimester than the second, however. During delivery, the bleeding may become life-threatening, so healthcare professionals will monitor the pregnancy carefully, often in a setting with emergency medical care, which may be critical to the mother’s safety.
• Placenta abruption: Sometimes the placenta detaches from the uterus too early. It can cause bleeding, back pain, and intense stomach cramps. Early diagnosis can prevent severe complications to the woman and the baby.

Preterm labor

Bleeding can be an early sign of labor. Some women may also notice an unusual discharge, called a mucous plug. A mucous plug looks like a combination of vaginal discharge, mucous, and blood.

When labor begins before 37 weeks, it is more likely that the baby will need to stay in the intensive care unit and may also experience other problems. During the second trimester, preterm labor endangers the baby’s life.

Bleeding can be a risk factor for preterm labor. Women who have a history of bleeding during the second trimester can talk to their doctors about whether they are at risk of preterm labor and how best to minimize that risk.

Vasa previa

Vasa previa is a problem with the baby’s blood vessels. It causes some of the baby’s blood vessels to run parallel to the cervix, left unprotected by the umbilical cord or placenta. These blood vessels may cause unusual bleeding, especially late in pregnancy or during preterm labor.

When the membranes burst, these vessels may also burst. Women with vasa previa usually have a cesarean delivery. A woman with a history of preterm labor or bleeding who has contractions or other intense pain should go to the emergency room.

Uterine rupture

Uterine rupture happens when the uterus tears. This can endanger the mother and the baby by causing severe bleeding and depriving the baby of oxygen. It can also trigger labor.

A woman who experiences bleeding, pain, a fever, or who has recently suffered an injury to the stomach or uterus may be experiencing a uterine rupture and should go to the emergency room.

Gestational trophoblastic disease

Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) is a group of rare diseases that causes abnormal cells to grow in the uterus during and after pregnancy. These cells can form tumors and masses. Sometimes these masses turn cancerous, though most forms of GTD are benign.

Women with GTD may have bleeding and an unusually large uterus.

Treatment depends on the type of GTD, how large the growth is, and other factors. A surgeon may need to remove the mass during or after pregnancy.

Not all bleeding during the second trimester is an emergency. In many cases, the woman and the baby are fine.

Nevertheless, it is important to be cautious. Prompt intervention in emergencies can save the life of both the woman and the baby. Anyone who is uncertain should go to the emergency room.

Some symptoms that warrant emergency treatment include:

• bleeding after an injury, such as a car accident or fall
• sudden heavy bleeding
• bleeding that is getting progressively heavier
• bleeding that includes blood clots
• bleeding along with pain or contractions
• dizziness or weakness along with bleeding
• bleeding in a person with placenta accreta, placenta previa, or a history of preterm labor

Tell a doctor about any bleeding episodes to ensure a prompt and accurate diagnosis. Anyone who is uncertain about their bleeding should call right away.

Bleeding during the second trimester can be worrying. However, even when the bleeding is due to a serious complication, most women go on to have healthy pregnancies and babies.

Prompt medical care can prevent complications and save lives, so always talk to a provider about any bleeding, even if it seems minor.

Is it Normal to Bleed During Pregnancy? – Blog

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Is it Normal to Bleed During Pregnancy?

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Is it Normal to Bleed During Pregnancy?

Although frightening, bleeding during pregnancy is not always a cause for concern. In fact, bleeding during the first trimester is actually common and most likely harmless. If bleeding occurs during the second and third trimesters, however, it may be a sign of a more serious complication. No matter where you are in your pregnancy, any symptoms you experience, such as bleeding, should be discussed with your doctor. Having an assessment during pregnancy can be extremely helpful in allowing a doctor to determine the presence of any complications.

Causes of Bleeding During Pregnancy

Bleeding during pregnancy can be attributed to many different causes, and while some cases are more serious, others might actually be harmless to both the mother and child. Continue reading for some possible reasons for bleeding or spotting during pregnancy.

Hormonal Changes

Pregnancy hormones can alter a woman’s cervix, making it more sensitive and more susceptible to bleeding after intercourse.

Implantation Bleeding

This kind of bleeding occurs about 6-12 days after conception as the fertilized egg attaches to the uterine wall. Everyone experiences implantation bleeding differently. Some women may experience light spotting for a few hours, others may experience this for a few days and some women will not experience it at all.

Sexual Intercourse

One of the most common reasons for bleeding during pregnancy is sexual intercourse. Because the cervix is so sensitive and there is an increased blood flow to the cervix when a woman is pregnant, some women may experience bleeding after sex. It is important to note that having sex while pregnant will not cause a miscarriage nor will it harm the baby, which is protected in the uterus. If you experience bleeding after intercourse, the best thing to do is hold off for a while until you speak with your doctor.

Miscarriage

Miscarriages often occur during the first twelve weeks of pregnancy and are the body’s way of terminating an unhealthy pregnancy. Signs of a miscarriage include vaginal bleeding and cramps that are stronger than menstrual cramps. After the first trimester, the risk of having a miscarriage greatly decreases. Although it may not be a miscarriage, bleeding during the second and third trimesters can be a sign of a serious complication and should be discussed with your doctor as soon as possible.

Placental Abruption

Placental abruption and placenta previa usually occurs during the second half of a pregnancy and can cause immense bleeding. Although rare, placental abruption occurs when the placenta detaches from the uterine wall. Placenta previa occurs when the placenta either completely or partially covers a woman’s cervix. Both conditions can be life threatening for both the baby and the mother.

Preterm Labor

Preterm birth can occur as early as 37 weeks and may present with symptoms including vaginal bleeding, cramps, contractions and back pain. Before 37 weeks, experiencing any of these symptoms may mean you are going into early labor.

Internal Examinations

Internal examinations, such as a Pap smear or pelvic exam, are usually conducted between the sixth and twelfth week of pregnancy. During pregnancy, there is greater blood flow to the cervix so it is not uncommon to experience spotting after an internal examination. The spotting usually does not last too long and should go away within a day of your examination.

Care for Bleeding During Pregnancy in NJ

If you experience bleeding at any point in your pregnancy, a visit to your doctor can determine the cause of the bleeding and make sure that you receive the appropriate follow-up care (if needed).   At New Jersey Perinatal Associates, our physicians have experience working with patients at every stage of pregnancy while identifying complications and creating personalized care plans. Learn more about our high-risk pregnancy specialists in New Jersey:

• Margaret Dziadosz, MD, FACOG

• Tania L. Kasdaglis, MD, FACOG

• Kathy C. Matthews, MD

• Richard C. Miller, MD, FACOG

• Jonathan E. O’Brien, MD, MS, FACOG

• Linda M. Peláez, MD, FACOG

• Leon G. Smith, Jr., MD, FACOG

• Dom A. Terrone, MD, MS, FACOG

• Wendy B. Warren, MD, FACOG

• Edward J. Wolf, MD, FACOG

Our High-Risk Pregnancy Care Services in New Jersey

Along with seeking care if you experience any concerning symptoms during your pregnancy, proper prenatal care is crucial for a healthy pregnancy. We understand that pregnancy can be a stressful time, especially when certain risk factors are present, which is why we are proud to provide care both before and during pregnancy so you can feel confident in your health and the health of your baby. Learn more about the care we provide for those with high-risk pregnancies in NJ:

• Prenatal Diagnosis
  • Ultrasound
  • Non-Invasive Testing
  • Genetic Counseling Services
  • Genetic Screening
• Medical Complications of Pregnancy
  • Preconception Counseling
  • Risk Assessment and Planning
  • Assessment During Pregnancy
• Pregnancy-Related Complications
  • Preterm Birth Prevention
  • Multiple Gestations
  • Placenta Previa Abruption and Vasa Previa
  • Intrauterine Growth Restriction
  • Hypertension and Preeclampsia
• Preconception Counseling

High-Risk Pregnancy Care in NJ

Our team of dedicated physicians at New Jersey Perinatal Associates wants to help you with any questions or concerns you may have about your pregnancy. We see patients at our office locations in Belleville, Livingston, Paramus, Parsippany, Teaneck, Warren, and Westfield, NJ, providing comprehensive care every step of the way. Our perinatologists work hand-in-hand to ensure that a patient’s care journey is cohesive and that all questions are answered, while also forming strong relationships with our referring doctors. We want to help you enjoy your pregnancy and feel confident in a successful outcome – find your nearest location and give us a call today to set up an appointment at NJPA!

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Medical termination of pregnancy – ProfiMed

Since none of the methods of contraception is 100% effective, the problem of unwanted pregnancy remains relevant. We always support our patients and respect any decision.

Medical (pharmacological) abortion is a safe and effective method of artificial termination of an unwanted pregnancy in the early stages (up to 6 weeks inclusive). It is the safest for a woman’s health: the uterus and cervix are not exposed to any mechanical stress, which eliminates the risk of damage.

How does medical abortion work?

Medical abortion in our clinic involves several stages and includes:

Stage 1

The patient must undergo an examination by an obstetrician-gynecologist and ultrasound of the pelvic organs. At this stage, the doctor confirms the fact of pregnancy and its localization, sets the exact date. To exclude all possible contraindications, the doctor will conduct a detailed history taking, possibly prescribing additional tests. You will need to tell the doctor the date of the first day of the last menstrual period, information about the characteristics of the menstrual cycle, the methods of contraception used.

Stage 2

When you make the final decision to terminate your pregnancy, you will be required to sign an informed consent for medical termination of the pregnancy. The consent form contains information about possible complications of the procedure.

You will then take the first combination drug used in medical abortion. Mifegin (Mifepristone) is a progesterone antagonist drug that causes the termination of pregnancy (that is, the production of the hormone that maintains it). The doctor will give you his phone number in case you have any further questions

Stage 3

24-48 hours after taking mifepristone, you will take the second drug in the combination drug: misoprostol. Within 2-3 hours after taking it, bleeding usually occurs, which indicates the separation of the fetal egg from the uterine wall.
Severe bleeding with separation of clots normally lasts no more than 2 hours, then the discharge becomes moderate menstrual and lasts an average of 1-3 days, then begins to decrease and finally ends on the 10-15th day.

stage 4

Bloody discharge, regardless of its intensity, is not in itself evidence that the fetal egg has completely left the uterine cavity. Therefore, after 10-14 days, the doctor conducts a follow-up examination and ultrasound to confirm the achievement of the desired result. According to indications, a general blood test can be performed.

Cost of medical termination of pregnancy in LLC “CDC “profimed”

Analysis of frequently asked questions:

When should contraception be started after a medical abortion?

Hormonal contraception can be started on the day of mifepristone or misoprostol.

Pregnancy after medical abortion

If the medical abortion went without complications, conception can be expected already at the first ovulation. Before a planned pregnancy, gynecologists recommend waiting at least 6 months after an abortion.

Medical termination of pregnancy: timing?

The use of the medical abortion technique is permitted in gestations up to 63 days of amenorrhea (up to 63 days from the first day of the last menstruation) or up to 9 weeks of pregnancy.

Due to the fact that after 6 weeks of pregnancy the risk of complications increases many times over, in our center medical abortion is performed only up to 6 weeks.

What pills are used for medical abortion?

Drugs used for medical termination of pregnancy: mifepristone and misoprostol. Preparations are used to terminate pregnancy only in specialized institutions that are licensed and suitably trained medical professionals.

How long does the discharge last after a medical abortion?

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Evstifeeva Galina Borisovna

Position: gynecologist-endocrinologist

Qualification category: higher

Professional experience: more than 25 years

Education

1995 – graduated from Perm sky state medical institute. Physician specializing in General Medicine.

Refresher courses

1999 – advanced training “Fundamentals of endocrinology in obstetrics and gynecology, family planning” on the basis of the St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical Academy, course of perinatology FPC and PP, St. Petersburg

2004 — advanced training “Topical issues of obstetrics, gynecology, gynecological endocrinology” on the basis of the Faculty of advanced training of doctors of the Perm State Medical Institute, Perm Institute of Perm

2007 — advanced training “Neoplasms of the reproductive system in women. Colposcopy” on the basis of the Faculty of Advanced Training of Physicians of the Perm State Medical Institute, Perm

2008 – advanced training “Treatment and preventive care and organization of work of women’s clinic” on the basis of the Faculty of Postgraduate Medical Education of the Perm State Medical Institute, Perm

2009 – advanced training “Obstetrics and gynecology. Gynecological Endocrinology” on the basis of the Faculty of Postgraduate Medical Education of the Perm State Medical Institute, Perm

2013 – advanced training “Endocrine Aspects of Reproductive Health” PFUR

2014 – advanced training in the specialty “obstetrics and gynecology” GOBU higher professional education “Perm State Medical Academy. E.A. Vagner» Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. Certificate of a Specialist in Obstetrics and Gynecology

2017 – advanced training in Occupational Pathology on the basis of the Regional Academy of Business Education in Togliatti. Certificate from specialist in the specialty “Occupational pathology”

2019 – advanced training “Obstetrics and gynecology” in the ANO of additional professional education “Perm Institute for Advanced Training of Health Workers” Certificate of Specialist in the program “Obstetrics and Gynecology”

2019 – advanced training under the program “Actual issues of gynecology of children and adolescents” Perm Institute of Healthcare Workers

Labor activity:

– internship on the basis of the Medical Unit No. 5 in the specialty “Obstetrics and Gynecology”

1995-2007 – obstetrician-gynecologist of the City Clinical Hospital No. F.H. Gralya Perm

2007 – 2010 — obstetrician-gynecologist, “Professor’s Clinic”

since 2010 – obstetrician-gynecologist, gynecologist-endocrinologist of Alfa Center of Health Medical Center

since 2010 – gynecologist-endocrinologist, “CDC “Profimed”

Patents, rationalization proposals: 9 0003

Method for the treatment of early miscarriage in women with primary hyperprolactaemia. Invention. Patent No. 2010153680/15 dated 12/27/2010 Tereshchenko I.V., Evstifeeva G.B.

Professional interests:

• Infectious and non-infectious gynecological diseases
• diseases of the uterus and appendages (fibroids, endometriosis, endometritis, adnexitis, cysts, HPE and others)
• Endocrine diseases: dysfunction of the adrenal glands, pituitary gland, ovaries
• Pathology of the cervix: diagnosis-examination, colposcopy, biopsy, curettage, prevention and treatment – radio wave therapy (background, precancerous, cancerous diseases)
• Menstrual disorders, premenstrual syndrome
• Climacteric syndrome, premature ovarian failure
• Preparation for conception, pregnancy management
• Miscarriage (prevention and treatment), infertility
• Selection of contraceptive methods, including insertion and removal of the IUD
• Carrying out CTG
• Pediatric and adolescent gynecology

Participation in conferences:

• Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation coordinating council for the development of continuous medical and pharmaceutical education – “Urogenital infections and genital skin pathology”, Perm
• MARCH 2014 – “Selected issues of miscarriage” SBEI HPE “PSMA named after. Acad. E.A. Wagner» of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Ministry of Health of the PC (Association of Gynecologists-Endocrinologists of the PC)
• December 2014 – master class “Problems of cancer prevention in gynecology” SBEI HPE “PSMU named after. Acad. E.A. Wagner» of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Ministry of Health of the PC (Association of Gynecologists-Endocrinologists of the PC)
• FEBRUARY 2014 – master class “Effective therapy at the preconception stage and in early pregnancy – the possibility of reducing the risk of late complications” (Association of Gynecologists-Endocrinologists PC)
• April 2013 – Ekaterinburg Reproductive potential: Ural readings. Symposium “From contraception to preconception preparation: innovations in 2013”, symposium “Problems of early pregnancy”, school “Antibacterial therapy for PID without errors and experiments”
• November 2011 – II All-Russian scientific and practical seminar in Kazan “Endometriosis. The strategy of medical interaction. Management algorithms at different stages of the disease”
• March 2009d – training seminar “Medicated abortion” at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Acad. E.A. Wagner Roszdrav»
• February 2009 – “Selected issues of extragenital pathology in obstetrics” of the Ministry of Health of the PC GOU VPO “PSMA im. Acad. E.A. Wagner Roszdrav” (Association of Gynecologists-Endocrinologists PC)

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Discharge after medical abortion (menstrual bleeding) lasts an average of 7-9days, but occasionally sanious discharge can continue until the next menstruation.

At 3-4 weeks of gestation, 95% of patients have an abortion like normal menstruation. With increasing gestational age, more abundant bleeding occurs than during menstruation

Pain after medical abortion

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Timashova Marina Evgenievna

Position: obstetrician-gynecologist, gynecologist-endocrinologist

Qualification category: higher

Work experience in the specialty: more than 35 years

Education 90 003

1979 Perm State Medical Institute. Doctor in the specialty “General Medicine”

Refresher courses:

1984 – Specialization in physiotherapy

1988 – Advanced training on the basis of the FUE PGMI

1995, 2001 — Advanced training at the faculty of specialization and advanced training of doctors of PSMA

2002 — Advanced training on the cycle “Perinatal psychology with elements of art therapy” at the International Institute of Psychology and Management, St. Petersburg

2006 ., 2011 – advanced training on the basis of FUV PGMA

2011 – training in colposcopy in obstetrics and gynecology on the basis of GBOUVPO PGMA

2013 – training in the examination of temporary disability at the Perm regional center for advanced training of health workers ”

2016 — advanced training at the Perm Institute for Advanced Training of Health Workers.

2018 — advanced training “Examination of temporary disability and quality control of medical care” in the Private educational institution of additional professional education “Perm House of Science and Technology”

Participation in conferences:

2015 — “Modern ideas about vulvar diseases ” Association of Gynecologists-Endocrinologists of the Perm Territory

2015 – “Colposcopy of cervical pathology” Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine PFUR

Labor activity:

since 1979 internship in obstetrics and gynecology at PSMI

1980 – 198 4 — obstetrician-gynecologist, City Clinical Hospital No. 2, Moscow Perm

1984 — 1988 — Physiotherapist, Obstetrics Department, City Clinical Hospital 7, Perm

1988 — 2012 — Obstetrician-Gynecologist of the Women’s Clinic, Sverdlovsk District, Perm

2012 — 2017 — obstetrician-gynecologist, MC Practitioner, Perm

2017 to present gynecologist-endocrinologist LLC “CDC “Profimed”

Area of ​​professional interests:

90 088 modern methods of examination, diagnosis, treatment of infertility , menstrual cycle, inflammatory processes of female genital organs
• pregnancy management (you can register at any time)
• diagnostics and treatment of cervical pathology (digital colposcopy, radio wave method of treatment using the Fotek apparatus)
• pathology of the menopausal transition and postmenopause
• medical termination of pregnancy up to 6 weeks
• contraceptive questions
• Pediatric and adolescent gynecology

Participation in conferences:

• March 2019 – Conference “Selected Issues of Gynecological Endocrinology” acad. E.A. Wagner” of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Association of Gynecologists-Endocrinologists of the Perm Territory

November

• , 2017 – thematic seminar “Algorithm for the diagnosis and treatment of infertility in medical facilities”, Center for Reproduction and Genetics “NOVA CLINIC”, Moscow
• October 2016 – “Child and Mom”, Yekaterinburg, “Modern opportunities for expanding the conservative approach in the treatment of patients with uterine myoma”, “Modern strategy for the safety of prescribing hormonal contraceptives”
• May 2016 “Correction of isthmic-cervical insufficiency in the practice of an obstetrician-gynecologist” ANO DPO “Perm Institute for Advanced Training of Health Workers”, Perm
• February 2016 – scientific and practical conference “School of infertility therapy” Institute for Innovative Development and Advanced Training in the Health System, Perm
• November 2015 — conference “Modern concepts of diseases of the vulva” Association of Gynecologists-Endocrinologists PC, Perm
• October 2015 master class on colposcopy, cervical pathology (conducted by Bebneeva T. N. KMN Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, RUDN University, Moscow) Perm
• September 2015 – “Cervix and genital infections. Topical Issues, Russian Association for Genital Infections and Neoplasia, Perm,
• May 2015 – educational project “Faces of Menopause” Association of Gynecologists-Endocrinologists PC, Perm
• June 2010 – Symposium “How to avoid abortion and its consequences” IV Regional Scientific Forum “Mother and Child”, Yekaterinburg
• March 2008 – training seminar “Safe abortion” Medical abortion, Perm

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Appointment cost

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Pain in the lower abdomen on the second day after medical abortion is associated with spastic contraction of the uterus. This symptom is expected and is associated with the process of abortion itself. Intense pain occurs in 5-15% of cases. In this case, painkillers (preparations of metamizole sodium) or antispasmodics (drotaverine) are used. According to the WHO, ACOG, RCOG and NAF recommendations, ibuprofen reduces the pain associated with uterine contractions that may accompany medical abortion.

Possible complications and side effects of medical abortion

Most patients (85%) do not present any complaints. Adverse reactions (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, weakness, dizziness, fever) may occur in 2-10% of women.

Complications of medical abortion are incomplete abortion and progressive pregnancy.

The incidence of infectious complications (endometritis) after medical abortion is less than 1%.

The two most common side effects are pain and vaginal bleeding.

Medical abortion reviews

Over 90% of women who had medical abortion reported that they were either very satisfied or simply satisfied with the whole procedure, but only 74% of women gave the same rating to the surgical method. Of those women who opted for the surgical method, 74% cited the pain of the procedure as its most negative feature.

Of those women who had a medical abortion, 31% cited the duration of the procedure, and 27% cited bleeding as their most negative feature. Source: World Health Organization clinical trials

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which week begins, fetal development and abdomen at 6 months of pregnancy | MUSTELA

At the end of the second trimester, the belly is already large, and there is less and less time before childbirth. The third and final trimester will begin very soon. At this time, important changes occur in the development of the fetus, outwardly it is already approximately the same as it will be born. The expectant mother often feels tired due to the rapidly growing belly.

From which week the sixth month of pregnancy begins

From the 22nd week the sixth month of pregnancy begins. It includes 4 weeks and several days, so the 6th month and the second trimester ends at the 26th week. This time is considered the most calm. The mother’s condition has stabilized, the risk of sudden miscarriage or fading of pregnancy has passed, and the stomach is not yet so big and heavy. It’s time to enjoy this state and listen to the baby’s frequent movements.

Signs, symptoms and sensations

How the expectant mother feels at the 6th month:

• The center of gravity changes, the pregnant woman feels her body in a new way. There is a feeling of stiffness in movements and sluggishness, it becomes more difficult to bend over, fasten shoes. The back gets tired more and more, back pain is no longer uncommon.
• Changes in metabolism, digestion. Intestinal motility slows down, food is more difficult to digest, constipation occurs. This is influenced by the hormonal background, the muscles relax and stretch. After eating, heartburn often occurs, this is due to the pressure of the uterus on the stomach.
• You may feel that your foot has become a size larger. This is due not only to swelling in the ankle area, but also to the relaxation of the muscles and ligaments that hold the bones of the foot.
• The mucous membranes of the nose, mouth and eyes become dry. There may be discomfort in the eyes, it is more difficult to breathe through the nose, at night the mucous membrane dries up. Moisturizing the room, using moisturizing drops in the nose and eyes, and drinking frequently will help to cope with the condition.
• The uterus grows rapidly and puts more and more pressure on the bladder, which increases the urge to go to the toilet.
• It’s getting harder and harder to find a comfortable sleeping position. You can lie only on your side, preferably on the left.
• The skin in the abdomen, sides and chest stretches more and more, it may itch.
• Exacerbation of hemorrhoids.
• Periodic weakness and mood swings. Symptoms are associated with a decrease in hemoglobin, and mood changes due to hormonal changes.
• Vaginal discharge, clear or white, odorless.
• There may be swelling in the hands and feet due to fluid retention in the body, swelling is aggravated by eating salty foods.
• Palpitations on the background of physical exertion. If the condition does not improve after rest, you need to see a doctor and monitor blood pressure.
• Stable weight gain – at least 250 g per week.
• Veins or capillaries on the legs become more visible.

Shocks and movements of the fetus are well felt. The expectant mother is already accustomed to the sleep and wakefulness of the baby, his movements are becoming more predictable. He sleeps more and more with his mother’s physical activity, and during rest or at night, on the contrary, he pushes and rolls over. At 6 months, the baby still has enough space in the uterus, it easily rotates in it.

Belly at 6 months of pregnancy

By this time, a pregnant woman has already gained about 6 kg in weight. The abdomen becomes expressive, more rounded. Its height is about 24 – 26 cm, it is 5 – 6 cm above the navel. The circumference of the abdomen for each woman is different, as it depends on the complexion and how many kilograms she has added during this time.
A pregnant woman may develop or noticeably increase striae due to stretching of the skin in places that become larger in volume. By the 6th month, the belly grows faster, and changes in the figure are noticeable every week.

To reduce the strain on your lower back due to your ever-growing belly, wear a prenatal bandage in the form of a belt or underwear.

The belt supports the stomach from below, which makes walking much easier. While sitting, the bandage can press from below, so it is better to unfasten or remove it. With an increased tone of the uterus, wearing a belt is contraindicated.
Throughout the entire period of pregnancy, light physical activity is recommended – gymnastics for pregnant women, warm-up, yoga. All movements should be smooth and measured, without unnecessary and abrupt movements, you can not lift weights. Strength training is not recommended, especially for those who did not do it before pregnancy.

Training contractions in the sixth month are not uncommon

(also called Braxton-Hicks contractions). May occur irregularly and last up to 30 seconds and up to 4 times per hour. Such false contractions do not mean that it’s time to give birth, it’s just training the body for the upcoming birth. Unlike real contractions, they are irregular and painless.
During training bouts, the stomach becomes stone, often this condition is painful. You need to sit down (or lie down) and relax, do not engage in physical activity. False contractions often provoke physical overwork or dehydration. It is better for the expectant mother to drink water and calm down. If the contractions become regular, and the spasm is accompanied by pain, consult a doctor.

Mother’s weight during pregnancy

At the 6th month of pregnancy, weight gain is 250 – 300 g per week. By the end of the month and the second trimester, the total weight gain is already 5-6 kg.

What determines weight gain :

• BMI and pre-pregnancy weight;
• number of fruits;
• volume of amniotic fluid;
• power mode.

The total weight that the expectant mother gains during pregnancy includes the weight of the fetus, amniotic fluid, the volume of her own blood and adipose tissue increasing during this time.

In case of oligohydramnios, the weight of a pregnant woman can increase slowly, and in case of polyhydramnios it can exceed the norm of 300 g per week.
It is recommended to measure the weight and volume of the abdomen every week and during the appointment with the gynecologist. If the indicators are more than normal, the doctor will suggest reconsidering the diet.

Stretch marks during pregnancy

At 6 months, the skin may feel very tight or stretch marks may be noticeable, especially on the sides, abdomen, chest. Stretch marks can also occur on the thighs and buttocks when their volume increases during pregnancy.

What can help with stretch marks:

• regular light exercise to keep skin and muscles in good shape ;
• stretch mark cosmetics – such as our unscented stretch mark cream or stretch mark oil – to moisturize and nourish areas where the skin is most stretched;
• contrast shower;
• Gently massage the belly and sides with moisturizers to help relieve itching.

Pay attention to the ingredients. It is recommended to give preference to creams and oils for stretch marks for pregnant women, which contain natural ingredients and do not contain fragrances and additional harmful substances.

It is recommended to start using the products from the first month of pregnancy, continuing until the very birth.

How the fetus develops

At the 6th month of pregnancy, the internal organs of the fetus are already formed, tissues and body systems are developing :

• Dimensions of the fetus: at 22 weeks he is about 26 cm and weighs 350-400 g, at 26 weeks he is 34 cm and weighs about 800 g. The body proportions of the baby are already correct, he looks like a newborn.
• The skin is still pink and wrinkled, fatty tissue is just beginning to grow, the body is covered with lanugo fluff. Head hair, eyelashes and eyebrows appear. On ultrasound, you can see facial features and facial expressions, the baby can already frown or smile.
• Hearing is well developed, the child listens to sounds from outside and reacts to them with kicks. The lungs develop and secrete a pulmonary sulfactant that will prevent the alvioli from sticking together during the first breath at birth. The sweat glands began to function.
• The brain is developing rapidly, and the taste buds are already tuned – the baby feels and distinguishes the taste of the amniotic fluid when swallowed, which changes depending on what the mother ate. The capillary system begins to develop.
• At the end of the second trimester at 26 weeks, the child opens his eyes, distinguishes between light and darkness.

During the 6th month, the progress of the fetus is especially noticeable. At this time, he doubles his weight and height, actively moves and practices future breathing by swallowing amniotic fluid into the lungs.

Ultrasound at the sixth month of pregnancy (description and photo)

At the 6th month, the gynecologist prescribes the 2nd screening. It includes ultrasound and a biochemical blood test for hormones. The terms when you can do the second study – from 20 to 24 weeks of pregnancy. At this time, it is necessary to take a blood test and undergo an ultrasound test on the same days in order to obtain reliable data.

What is checked on ultrasound:

• the volume of the head and abdomen, they measure the length of the fetus, hips, the results are compared with the norm at this time;
• fetal heart rate and viability, activity;
• the fetus is examined visually for proportions and the presence of obvious deviations from the norm at its term;
• measure the length of the nasal bone and the width of the collar fold, compare the data with the analysis of screening for the detection of chromosomal pathologies – Down syndrome, Patau, Edwards.

Also during the examination, the doctor examines the general analysis of urine for the presence of protein and inflammatory processes. Measure the waist, listen to the stomach.
On ultrasound, the expectant mother can see the baby, print photos for memory. Screening a study with a blood test at this time is an optional procedure, but it is recommended to exclude possible genetic pathologies. The study is indicated for women over 35 years of age and those who already have children or relatives with genetic abnormalities in the family.

Recommended restrictions for expectant mothers

At the end of the second trimester, the fetal brain develops, so it is important for the expectant mother to follow the rules of a healthy diet, observe a rest and activity regimen, and do not forget about restrictions.
The main thing is to avoid toxic substances that can get to the fetus through the mother’s body. It is forbidden to drink alcohol and take drugs that are contraindicated for pregnant women.
Do not smoke or lift weights, run or make sudden movements that can provoke bleeding, uterine tone and premature birth. At this time, there is no longer a possibility of miscarriage, it is called premature birth.

How to eat right in the 6th month of pregnancy

Throughout pregnancy, the main rule in nutrition is the balance of proteins, fats and carbohydrates in the absence of allergenic and unhealthy foods. You can follow a balanced diet on products from your usual diet. It is better to cook for a couple, boil, stew or bake. Limit or avoid fried, fatty, salty, spicy and smoked foods.

During the 6th month of pregnancy, it is important to include foods in your diet that help your baby’s brain and bones develop. Products are needed that will help mom to establish the process of digestion and will be the prevention of constipation.

Useful substances at 6 months of pregnancy:

• B vitamins – brown rice, lentils, bread. Improve bowel function and reduce anxiety.
• Calcium – milk, fermented milk products. Important for strong teeth, bones of mother and fetus.
• Fiber and vitamin C – vegetables and fruits. They are needed for the normal functioning of the digestive tract and resistance to viruses.
• Vitamin E – vegetable oil and nuts. They will help strengthen blood vessels and normalize blood viscosity.
• Meat, eggs and fish. Include them in your diet to maintain strength, increase hemoglobin and nourish the brain.

Eat often and in small portions. This will not only help control weight gain, but also prevent heartburn. With a growing belly, it is necessary to distribute food in portions so that there is no overeating or feeling of hunger. Choose warm liquid foods and drink plenty of water. If the doctor has diagnosed swelling, exclude salty foods from the diet, which retain water in the body. You need to drink no more than 1 – 1.5 liters of water per day.

Do not eat a lot before going to bed – there is a risk of heartburn and insomnia. In the morning flatulence and constipation may begin.

Do not get carried away with sweets. Empty calories quickly saturate and improve mood, but are deposited in extra pounds for mom and unborn baby. Replace the added sugar with fruits, nuts, marshmallows, marshmallows, or biscuits. They are less caloric, the composition is more natural.

Avoid foods with preservatives and flavor enhancers, carbonated drinks, raw fish. Eggs can only be eaten after heat treatment, hard-boiled or in ready-made dishes. Avoid dishes with raw eggs (homemade mayonnaise, desserts with whipped raw proteins).

What physical exercises are allowed at the 6th month of pregnancy

Restrictions in sports and excessive physical activity should not prevent the expectant mother from maintaining her muscles in shape, her skin in good shape, and her mood upbeat and cheerful. If a woman did not do strength training before pregnancy, you can’t start now. If you were engaged, you should significantly reduce the load, cancel exercises with power traction and sudden movements, exclude all exercises on the press.

Permissible physical activity during pregnancy:

Walks in the park and race walking. In winter you can ski slowly. The double benefit of physical activity and outdoor walks. Look for a place where there are benches and a toilet within walking distance. Such activity is indicated for all pregnant women, even those who cannot do gymnastics or other sports.

Swimming. Go to the pool or swim in a clean pond, sign up for water aerobics. It relaxes and helps keep muscles toned. It is difficult to exceed the load, but control your sensations and the time of active exercises in the water.

Fitness. The best option is exercise with a fitball. Make smooth movements without stress on the stomach, to relax the back and strengthen the muscles of the pelvic floor.

Dancing. But movements without jumps and heavy load.

Warm-up.

Yoga with stretching and meditation postures.

Expectant mothers who were actively involved in sports before pregnancy can continue jogging until the end of 6 months. Such a load is allowed if it is allowed by the doctor after examination and analysis.

If you experience discomfort, nagging pain in the lower abdomen, lower back, a feeling of a “stone belly”, blood discharge, immediately call a doctor and take a horizontal position. If you do not calculate the load, you can harm the fetus and cause contractions.

Birth preparation courses

Many women attend maternity or childbirth courses during their first pregnancy. From 6 months, it’s time to learn how to behave at the onset of labor, how to distinguish false contractions from true ones, when to go to the hospital.
If you are planning a partner birth, ask your dad to keep you company. He will find out how everything will happen, will be able to help in the process and will not be at a loss at the most crucial moment.
On courses for pregnant women, you can learn in detail about the technique of relaxation and breathing during childbirth, during labor, how to care for a newborn, which is considered the norm, about breastfeeding and possible problems, about the diet of a nursing mother. For those who are giving birth for the first time, this information is important to be prepared for any situation after childbirth.

Possible complications and deviations

If there are warning signs with pain and bleeding, see a doctor or call an ambulance as soon as possible. But, except for extreme cases of complications, health problems may appear at this time, which also need to be treated on time.
Varicose veins. There is an expansion of the veins of the lower extremities and small pelvis, this can be seen by the bluish veins and the appearance of red capillary nets on the skin. It provokes a complication of varicose veins sedentary lifestyle and weight gain when carrying a baby. At risk are women with multiple pregnancies or a history of varicose veins. To prevent or alleviate the disease, you need to wear compression stockings, lie with your legs up more often and go swimming.
Gestational diabetes. In pathology, the blood sugar level exceeds the norm for pregnant women.