What are the common causes of aches, chills, and diarrhea. How can these symptoms be treated effectively. What are the key differences between viral and bacterial infections causing these symptoms.

Understanding Body Aches and Diarrhea: More Than Just Symptoms

Body aches and diarrhea are often indicators of underlying health issues rather than standalone conditions. These symptoms can significantly impact daily life and may signal the need for medical attention. But what exactly do we mean by these terms?

Defining Body Aches

Body aches refer to pain and discomfort that can affect either a specific area or the entire body. The intensity can range from mild to severe, and the duration can be either acute (sudden and temporary) or chronic (long-lasting). Understanding the nature of the aches can provide valuable clues about their cause.

What Constitutes Diarrhea?

Diarrhea is characterized by the passing of loose, watery stools three or more times per day. It’s often accompanied by other symptoms such as:

• An urgent need to use the bathroom
• Inability to control bowel movements
• Stomach pain and cramping
• Nausea

When diarrhea is caused by an infection, additional symptoms may include fever and chills. Recognizing these accompanying symptoms can help in identifying the underlying cause and seeking appropriate treatment.

Food Poisoning: A Common Culprit for Aches and Diarrhea

Food poisoning is a frequent cause of body aches and diarrhea. It occurs when a person consumes food or drink contaminated with harmful pathogens such as bacteria or viruses. But how does food become contaminated, and what are the signs to watch out for?

Sources of Food Contamination

Food poisoning can result from various sources, including:

• Undercooked meats
• Unpasteurized milk
• Improperly washed fruits or vegetables

Understanding these sources can help in preventing food poisoning by ensuring proper food handling and preparation practices.

Recognizing Food Poisoning Symptoms

The symptoms of food poisoning can vary depending on the pathogen responsible, but generally include:

• Stomach cramps
• Diarrhea
• Nausea and vomiting
• Fever
• Muscle aches

These symptoms may develop anywhere from 30 minutes to 4 weeks after consuming contaminated food or drink, depending on the specific pathogen involved.

Treating Food Poisoning

How can food poisoning be effectively managed? In most cases, the symptoms will resolve without medical intervention. However, the following strategies can help alleviate discomfort:

1. Staying hydrated by drinking plenty of fluids to replace lost water and electrolytes
2. Taking over-the-counter medications like loperamide (Imodium) or bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol) to manage diarrhea in adults
3. Consuming plain foods such as crackers
4. Using oral rehydration solutions, particularly for those with weakened immune systems and children (after consulting a doctor)

In severe cases or when symptoms persist, medical treatment may be necessary. A doctor will first determine whether the food poisoning is caused by bacteria, parasites, or viruses before prescribing appropriate treatment, such as antibiotics for bacterial infections.

Viral Gastroenteritis: When Viruses Attack the Intestines

Viral gastroenteritis (VG) is another common cause of body aches and diarrhea. This condition results from a viral infection of the intestines. But how is it transmitted, and what are its telltale signs?

Transmission of Viral Gastroenteritis

VG is highly contagious and can be contracted through contact with the stool or vomit of an infected person. This emphasizes the importance of proper hygiene practices, especially in shared living spaces or public areas.

Identifying Symptoms of Viral Gastroenteritis

The symptoms of VG are similar to those of food poisoning and may include:

• Diarrhea
• Nausea and vomiting
• Abdominal pain
• Fever
• Body aches

These symptoms typically appear within 1-3 days after infection and can last for several days.

Managing Viral Gastroenteritis

Treatment for VG focuses on managing symptoms and preventing dehydration. This includes:

1. Using OTC medications like Imodium and Pepto-Bismol to treat diarrhea
2. Replacing lost fluids and electrolytes to prevent dehydration
3. Getting plenty of rest to allow the body to fight off the infection

In most cases, VG resolves on its own within a few days. However, if symptoms persist or worsen, it’s important to seek medical attention.

Influenza: More Than Just a Common Cold

Influenza, commonly known as the flu, is a viral infection that can cause body aches and, in some cases, diarrhea. How does it differ from a common cold, and what are its distinctive features?

Understanding Flu Transmission

Flu viruses are highly contagious and can be contracted through:

• Inhaling droplets from the coughs or sneezes of an infected person
• Touching infected droplets on surfaces and then touching one’s eyes, nose, or mouth

This highlights the importance of good hygiene practices during flu season, including regular hand washing and avoiding close contact with infected individuals.

Recognizing Flu Symptoms

Flu symptoms can be more severe than those of a common cold and may include:

• Cough
• Sore throat
• Runny or stuffy nose
• Fever
• Body aches and headaches
• Occasionally, diarrhea and vomiting (more common in children)

The sudden onset of these symptoms, particularly fever and body aches, is often a key indicator of influenza.

Treating and Preventing Influenza

Can influenza be effectively treated and prevented? While most cases of flu resolve on their own, the following measures can help manage symptoms and reduce the risk of complications:

1. Taking OTC NSAIDs or acetaminophen to alleviate symptoms
2. Getting plenty of rest and staying hydrated
3. In severe cases, taking prescribed antiviral medication
4. Getting an annual flu vaccination before the start of flu season to reduce the risk of infection

It’s important to note that antibiotics are not effective against influenza, as it is caused by a virus, not bacteria.

Lactose Intolerance: When Dairy Becomes the Enemy

Lactose intolerance is a digestive disorder that can cause body aches and diarrhea. But what exactly causes this condition, and how can it be managed?

The Science Behind Lactose Intolerance

Lactose intolerance occurs when the body is unable to break down and digest lactose, a sugar naturally present in milk and dairy products. This is typically due to a deficiency in the enzyme lactase, which is responsible for breaking down lactose.

Identifying Lactose Intolerance Symptoms

The symptoms of lactose intolerance can vary in severity but often include:

• Bloating
• Gas or flatulence
• Diarrhea
• Nausea and vomiting
• Stomach cramping and discomfort
• Painful or aching muscles or joints

These symptoms typically occur within 30 minutes to 2 hours after consuming lactose-containing foods or drinks.

Managing Lactose Intolerance

How can individuals with lactose intolerance manage their condition effectively? The primary approach involves dietary changes:

1. Limiting or avoiding foods and drinks that contain lactose
2. Consuming lactose-free alternatives
3. Taking lactase tablets or drops immediately before consuming lactose-containing foods

It’s important to note that the degree of lactose tolerance can vary among individuals. Some people may be able to consume small amounts of lactose-containing foods without symptoms, while others may need to avoid them entirely.

Gluten Sensitivity: Beyond Celiac Disease

Gluten sensitivity is a condition that can cause body aches and diarrhea in some individuals. But how does it differ from celiac disease, and what are its key characteristics?

Understanding Gluten Sensitivity

Gluten sensitivity, also known as non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS), is a condition where individuals experience symptoms similar to celiac disease when consuming gluten-containing foods, but without the intestinal damage characteristic of celiac disease.

Recognizing Symptoms of Gluten Sensitivity

The symptoms of gluten sensitivity can vary but often include:

• Abdominal pain
• Bloating
• Diarrhea or constipation
• Headaches
• Fatigue
• Joint and muscle pain
• Brain fog

These symptoms typically occur within hours to days after consuming gluten and improve upon eliminating gluten from the diet.

Managing Gluten Sensitivity

The primary treatment for gluten sensitivity involves dietary changes:

1. Eliminating gluten-containing foods from the diet
2. Reading food labels carefully to identify hidden sources of gluten
3. Exploring gluten-free alternatives for favorite foods

It’s important to consult with a healthcare provider or registered dietitian before making significant dietary changes to ensure nutritional needs are still being met.

Chronic Conditions: When Aches and Diarrhea Persist

While many causes of body aches and diarrhea are acute and resolve relatively quickly, some chronic conditions can lead to persistent symptoms. What are some of these conditions, and how are they managed?

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)

IBD, which includes conditions like Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, can cause chronic inflammation in the digestive tract, leading to symptoms such as:

• Abdominal pain
• Persistent diarrhea
• Fatigue
• Weight loss
• Joint pain

Management of IBD typically involves a combination of medication, dietary changes, and in some cases, surgery.

Fibromyalgia

Fibromyalgia is a chronic condition characterized by widespread muscle pain and tenderness. It can also cause:

• Fatigue
• Sleep problems
• Memory and cognitive issues
• Digestive problems, including diarrhea

Treatment for fibromyalgia often involves a multidisciplinary approach, including medication, exercise, stress management techniques, and cognitive behavioral therapy.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS)

CFS is a complex disorder characterized by extreme fatigue that doesn’t improve with rest. Other symptoms can include:

• Muscle pain
• Joint pain without swelling or redness
• Headaches
• Digestive issues, including diarrhea

Management of CFS focuses on symptom relief and improving quality of life, often involving a combination of lifestyle changes, medication, and therapy.

Understanding these chronic conditions is crucial for individuals experiencing persistent symptoms of body aches and diarrhea. While they can be challenging to manage, working closely with healthcare providers can help develop effective treatment strategies.

7 causes, symptoms, and treatments

Body aches and diarrhea are symptoms of a condition, rather than conditions in themselves.

Body aches

Body aches may affect a specific area of the body or the entire body. The pain and discomfort from these aches can range from mild to severe.

Depending on the cause, body aches may be either sudden and temporary or long lasting. Doctors refer to these as acute and chronic, respectively.

Diarrhea

The term diarrhea refers to the passing of loose, watery stools three or more times per day.

Other symptoms may accompany diarrhea, including:

• an urgent need to use the bathroom
• an inability to control bowel movements
• stomach pain and cramping
• nausea

If diarrhea results from an infection, people may also experience:

Below are some of the possible causes of body aches with diarrhea.

1. Food poisoning

Food poisoning can occur when a person consumes food or drink that contains harmful pathogens, such as bacteria or viruses. Many different pathogens can cause food poisoning, including:

The pathogens responsible for food poisoning can come from the following sources:

• undercooked meats
• unpasteurized milk
• improperly washed fruits or vegetables

The symptoms of food poisoning can differ depending on the pathogen responsible. However, some general symptoms include:

• stomach cramps
• diarrhea
• nausea and vomiting
• fever
• muscle aches

The symptoms may develop 30 minutes to 4 weeks after consuming contaminated food or drink. The length of time it takes to develop symptoms depends on the pathogen responsible.

Treatment

The symptoms of food poisoning typically go away without the need for medical treatment. In the meantime, people can try the following:

• drinking plenty of fluids to replace water and electrolytes lost during bouts of vomiting or diarrhea
• taking over-the-counter (OTC) medications, such as loperamide (Imodium) and bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol), to help alleviate diarrhea in adults
• eating plain foods, such as crackers
• using oral rehydration solutions, for people with a weakened immune system and children (only after checking with a doctor)

If a person needs medical treatment, a doctor will first have to establish whether the food poisoning is due to a bacterium, parasite, or virus. If bacteria or parasites are responsible, the doctor may prescribe antibiotics.

A doctor may also prescribe or recommend OTC probiotics to help reduce the duration of diarrhea.

2. Viral gastroenteritis

Viral gastroenteritis (VG) is the medical term for a viral infection of the intestines. People can catch such viruses as a result of coming into contact with the stool or vomit of a person who has the infection.

Symptoms of VG include:

Treatment

People who have VG can use OTC medications, such as Imodium and Pepto-Bismol, to treat diarrhea. They should also make sure that they replace any lost fluids and electrolytes to prevent dehydration.

3. Influenza

Influenza, or flu, viruses are a group of viruses that can cause seasonal flu. They are highly contagious. People can contract them by inhaling droplets from the coughs or sneezes of a person with the virus. They can also get the virus if they come into contact with infected droplets on inanimate objects, such as doorknobs or computer keyboards, and then touch their eyes, nose, or mouth.

Some symptoms of the flu include:

• cough
• sore throat
• runny or stuffy nose
• fever
• body aches and headaches
• occasionally, diarrhea and vomiting (more common in children)

Treatment

In most cases, the flu will go away on its own without the need for medical treatment. However, people can take OTC nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or acetaminophen to help alleviate some of the symptoms.

If a person is experiencing severe flu symptoms, a doctor may prescribe antiviral medication.

Doctors also recommend that people get a flu vaccination before the start of the flu season each year to reduce the chance of developing the flu.

4. Lactose intolerance

Lactose intolerance is a digestive disorder in which the body is unable to break down and digest lactose. Lactose is a naturally occurring sugar present in milk and dairy products.

The symptoms of lactose intolerance include:

• bloating
• gas or flatulence
• diarrhea
• nausea and vomiting
• stomach cramping and discomfort
• painful or aching muscles or joints

Treatment

The main treatment for lactose intolerance is to limit or avoid foods and drinks that contain lactose. Some people may be able to consume small amounts of these foods, whereas others will not be able to consume any.

People can also try taking lactase tablets or drops immediately before consuming foods or drinks containing lactose. Lactase is an enzyme that breaks down lactose, thereby preventing the symptoms of lactose intolerance. However, lactase products are not suitable for young children or people who are pregnant or breastfeeding.

5. Gluten sensitivity

Gluten sensitivity is a condition in which a person experiences symptoms in response to eating foods containing gluten. Examples of such foods include:

Common symptoms of gluten sensitivity include:

• bloating or gas
• diarrhea or constipation
• stomach pain
• nausea
• headaches
• joint pain
• numbness in the legs, arms, or fingers
• brain fog
• fatigue

Treatment

A person who experiences symptoms after eating foods containing gluten should see their doctor, who will need to rule out more serious conditions, such as celiac disease.

A person should not try a gluten-free diet until they have had a blood test for celiac disease. Following such a diet could reduce the accuracy of the test.

If tests confirm that a person does have gluten sensitivity, their doctor will recommend cutting gluten out of the diet to prevent symptom flare-ups.

6. Celiac disease

Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder in which the body cannot process gluten. It is similar to gluten sensitivity but more severe. In people with celiac disease, the consumption of gluten causes the immune system to attack and destroy healthy cells in the small intestine.

The symptoms of celiac disease include:

• bloating and gas
• stomach aches and pain
• nausea and vomiting
• diarrhea or constipation
• pale, foul-smelling stools that float

Treatment

The main treatment for celiac disease is to eat a gluten-free diet. A doctor may refer a person to a dietitian who specializes in devising nutritious, gluten-free meal plans.

People with celiac disease should also take steps to limit their exposure to gluten in other ways. For instance, they can check with a pharmacist whether medications or supplements contain gluten before taking them. They can also read labels on cosmetics and household items to ensure that they do not contain gluten.

7. Irritable bowel syndrome

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the collective term for a group of symptoms that affect the digestive system. According to the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, IBS is a functional gastrointestinal disorder. This definition means that it is the result of the brain and gut not working together as they should.

There are three different types of IBS:

• IBS with constipation
• IBS with diarrhea
• IBS with mixed bowel habits

Symptoms of IBS include:

• stomach pain and aches
• bloating
• diarrhea, constipation, or both
• white mucus in stools

Treatment

People may be able to reduce the symptoms of IBS by making the following changes to their diet:

Using techniques to manage stress, such as meditation, mindfulness, and yoga, can also be beneficial.

If a person has IBS with diarrhea, a doctor may prescribe medications such as Imodium or rifaximin (Xifaxan) to treat the diarrhea.

Doctors may also prescribe antispasmodics to help treat stomach pain and cramping.

7 causes, symptoms, and treatments

Body aches and diarrhea are symptoms of a condition, rather than conditions in themselves.

Body aches

Body aches may affect a specific area of the body or the entire body. The pain and discomfort from these aches can range from mild to severe.

Depending on the cause, body aches may be either sudden and temporary or long lasting. Doctors refer to these as acute and chronic, respectively.

Diarrhea

The term diarrhea refers to the passing of loose, watery stools three or more times per day.

Other symptoms may accompany diarrhea, including:

• an urgent need to use the bathroom
• an inability to control bowel movements
• stomach pain and cramping
• nausea

If diarrhea results from an infection, people may also experience:

Below are some of the possible causes of body aches with diarrhea.

1. Food poisoning

Food poisoning can occur when a person consumes food or drink that contains harmful pathogens, such as bacteria or viruses. Many different pathogens can cause food poisoning, including:

The pathogens responsible for food poisoning can come from the following sources:

• undercooked meats
• unpasteurized milk
• improperly washed fruits or vegetables

The symptoms of food poisoning can differ depending on the pathogen responsible. However, some general symptoms include:

• stomach cramps
• diarrhea
• nausea and vomiting
• fever
• muscle aches

The symptoms may develop 30 minutes to 4 weeks after consuming contaminated food or drink. The length of time it takes to develop symptoms depends on the pathogen responsible.

Treatment

The symptoms of food poisoning typically go away without the need for medical treatment. In the meantime, people can try the following:

• drinking plenty of fluids to replace water and electrolytes lost during bouts of vomiting or diarrhea
• taking over-the-counter (OTC) medications, such as loperamide (Imodium) and bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol), to help alleviate diarrhea in adults
• eating plain foods, such as crackers
• using oral rehydration solutions, for people with a weakened immune system and children (only after checking with a doctor)

If a person needs medical treatment, a doctor will first have to establish whether the food poisoning is due to a bacterium, parasite, or virus. If bacteria or parasites are responsible, the doctor may prescribe antibiotics.

A doctor may also prescribe or recommend OTC probiotics to help reduce the duration of diarrhea.

2. Viral gastroenteritis

Viral gastroenteritis (VG) is the medical term for a viral infection of the intestines. People can catch such viruses as a result of coming into contact with the stool or vomit of a person who has the infection.

Symptoms of VG include:

Treatment

People who have VG can use OTC medications, such as Imodium and Pepto-Bismol, to treat diarrhea. They should also make sure that they replace any lost fluids and electrolytes to prevent dehydration.

3. Influenza

Influenza, or flu, viruses are a group of viruses that can cause seasonal flu. They are highly contagious. People can contract them by inhaling droplets from the coughs or sneezes of a person with the virus. They can also get the virus if they come into contact with infected droplets on inanimate objects, such as doorknobs or computer keyboards, and then touch their eyes, nose, or mouth.

Some symptoms of the flu include:

• cough
• sore throat
• runny or stuffy nose
• fever
• body aches and headaches
• occasionally, diarrhea and vomiting (more common in children)

Treatment

In most cases, the flu will go away on its own without the need for medical treatment. However, people can take OTC nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or acetaminophen to help alleviate some of the symptoms.

If a person is experiencing severe flu symptoms, a doctor may prescribe antiviral medication.

Doctors also recommend that people get a flu vaccination before the start of the flu season each year to reduce the chance of developing the flu.

4. Lactose intolerance

Lactose intolerance is a digestive disorder in which the body is unable to break down and digest lactose. Lactose is a naturally occurring sugar present in milk and dairy products.

The symptoms of lactose intolerance include:

• bloating
• gas or flatulence
• diarrhea
• nausea and vomiting
• stomach cramping and discomfort
• painful or aching muscles or joints

Treatment

The main treatment for lactose intolerance is to limit or avoid foods and drinks that contain lactose. Some people may be able to consume small amounts of these foods, whereas others will not be able to consume any.

People can also try taking lactase tablets or drops immediately before consuming foods or drinks containing lactose. Lactase is an enzyme that breaks down lactose, thereby preventing the symptoms of lactose intolerance. However, lactase products are not suitable for young children or people who are pregnant or breastfeeding.

5. Gluten sensitivity

Gluten sensitivity is a condition in which a person experiences symptoms in response to eating foods containing gluten. Examples of such foods include:

Common symptoms of gluten sensitivity include:

• bloating or gas
• diarrhea or constipation
• stomach pain
• nausea
• headaches
• joint pain
• numbness in the legs, arms, or fingers
• brain fog
• fatigue

Treatment

A person who experiences symptoms after eating foods containing gluten should see their doctor, who will need to rule out more serious conditions, such as celiac disease.

A person should not try a gluten-free diet until they have had a blood test for celiac disease. Following such a diet could reduce the accuracy of the test.

If tests confirm that a person does have gluten sensitivity, their doctor will recommend cutting gluten out of the diet to prevent symptom flare-ups.

6. Celiac disease

Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder in which the body cannot process gluten. It is similar to gluten sensitivity but more severe. In people with celiac disease, the consumption of gluten causes the immune system to attack and destroy healthy cells in the small intestine.

The symptoms of celiac disease include:

• bloating and gas
• stomach aches and pain
• nausea and vomiting
• diarrhea or constipation
• pale, foul-smelling stools that float

Treatment

The main treatment for celiac disease is to eat a gluten-free diet. A doctor may refer a person to a dietitian who specializes in devising nutritious, gluten-free meal plans.

People with celiac disease should also take steps to limit their exposure to gluten in other ways. For instance, they can check with a pharmacist whether medications or supplements contain gluten before taking them. They can also read labels on cosmetics and household items to ensure that they do not contain gluten.

7. Irritable bowel syndrome

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the collective term for a group of symptoms that affect the digestive system. According to the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, IBS is a functional gastrointestinal disorder. This definition means that it is the result of the brain and gut not working together as they should.

There are three different types of IBS:

• IBS with constipation
• IBS with diarrhea
• IBS with mixed bowel habits

Symptoms of IBS include:

• stomach pain and aches
• bloating
• diarrhea, constipation, or both
• white mucus in stools

Treatment

People may be able to reduce the symptoms of IBS by making the following changes to their diet:

Using techniques to manage stress, such as meditation, mindfulness, and yoga, can also be beneficial.

If a person has IBS with diarrhea, a doctor may prescribe medications such as Imodium or rifaximin (Xifaxan) to treat the diarrhea.

Doctors may also prescribe antispasmodics to help treat stomach pain and cramping.

7 causes, symptoms, and treatments

Body aches and diarrhea are symptoms of a condition, rather than conditions in themselves.

Body aches

Body aches may affect a specific area of the body or the entire body. The pain and discomfort from these aches can range from mild to severe.

Depending on the cause, body aches may be either sudden and temporary or long lasting. Doctors refer to these as acute and chronic, respectively.

Diarrhea

The term diarrhea refers to the passing of loose, watery stools three or more times per day.

Other symptoms may accompany diarrhea, including:

• an urgent need to use the bathroom
• an inability to control bowel movements
• stomach pain and cramping
• nausea

If diarrhea results from an infection, people may also experience:

Below are some of the possible causes of body aches with diarrhea.

1. Food poisoning

Food poisoning can occur when a person consumes food or drink that contains harmful pathogens, such as bacteria or viruses. Many different pathogens can cause food poisoning, including:

The pathogens responsible for food poisoning can come from the following sources:

• undercooked meats
• unpasteurized milk
• improperly washed fruits or vegetables

The symptoms of food poisoning can differ depending on the pathogen responsible. However, some general symptoms include:

• stomach cramps
• diarrhea
• nausea and vomiting
• fever
• muscle aches

The symptoms may develop 30 minutes to 4 weeks after consuming contaminated food or drink. The length of time it takes to develop symptoms depends on the pathogen responsible.

Treatment

The symptoms of food poisoning typically go away without the need for medical treatment. In the meantime, people can try the following:

• drinking plenty of fluids to replace water and electrolytes lost during bouts of vomiting or diarrhea
• taking over-the-counter (OTC) medications, such as loperamide (Imodium) and bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol), to help alleviate diarrhea in adults
• eating plain foods, such as crackers
• using oral rehydration solutions, for people with a weakened immune system and children (only after checking with a doctor)

If a person needs medical treatment, a doctor will first have to establish whether the food poisoning is due to a bacterium, parasite, or virus. If bacteria or parasites are responsible, the doctor may prescribe antibiotics.

A doctor may also prescribe or recommend OTC probiotics to help reduce the duration of diarrhea.

2. Viral gastroenteritis

Viral gastroenteritis (VG) is the medical term for a viral infection of the intestines. People can catch such viruses as a result of coming into contact with the stool or vomit of a person who has the infection.

Symptoms of VG include:

Treatment

People who have VG can use OTC medications, such as Imodium and Pepto-Bismol, to treat diarrhea. They should also make sure that they replace any lost fluids and electrolytes to prevent dehydration.

3. Influenza

Influenza, or flu, viruses are a group of viruses that can cause seasonal flu. They are highly contagious. People can contract them by inhaling droplets from the coughs or sneezes of a person with the virus. They can also get the virus if they come into contact with infected droplets on inanimate objects, such as doorknobs or computer keyboards, and then touch their eyes, nose, or mouth.

Some symptoms of the flu include:

• cough
• sore throat
• runny or stuffy nose
• fever
• body aches and headaches
• occasionally, diarrhea and vomiting (more common in children)

Treatment

In most cases, the flu will go away on its own without the need for medical treatment. However, people can take OTC nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or acetaminophen to help alleviate some of the symptoms.

If a person is experiencing severe flu symptoms, a doctor may prescribe antiviral medication.

Doctors also recommend that people get a flu vaccination before the start of the flu season each year to reduce the chance of developing the flu.

4. Lactose intolerance

Lactose intolerance is a digestive disorder in which the body is unable to break down and digest lactose. Lactose is a naturally occurring sugar present in milk and dairy products.

The symptoms of lactose intolerance include:

• bloating
• gas or flatulence
• diarrhea
• nausea and vomiting
• stomach cramping and discomfort
• painful or aching muscles or joints

Treatment

The main treatment for lactose intolerance is to limit or avoid foods and drinks that contain lactose. Some people may be able to consume small amounts of these foods, whereas others will not be able to consume any.

People can also try taking lactase tablets or drops immediately before consuming foods or drinks containing lactose. Lactase is an enzyme that breaks down lactose, thereby preventing the symptoms of lactose intolerance. However, lactase products are not suitable for young children or people who are pregnant or breastfeeding.

5. Gluten sensitivity

Gluten sensitivity is a condition in which a person experiences symptoms in response to eating foods containing gluten. Examples of such foods include:

Common symptoms of gluten sensitivity include:

• bloating or gas
• diarrhea or constipation
• stomach pain
• nausea
• headaches
• joint pain
• numbness in the legs, arms, or fingers
• brain fog
• fatigue

Treatment

A person who experiences symptoms after eating foods containing gluten should see their doctor, who will need to rule out more serious conditions, such as celiac disease.

A person should not try a gluten-free diet until they have had a blood test for celiac disease. Following such a diet could reduce the accuracy of the test.

If tests confirm that a person does have gluten sensitivity, their doctor will recommend cutting gluten out of the diet to prevent symptom flare-ups.

6. Celiac disease

Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder in which the body cannot process gluten. It is similar to gluten sensitivity but more severe. In people with celiac disease, the consumption of gluten causes the immune system to attack and destroy healthy cells in the small intestine.

The symptoms of celiac disease include:

• bloating and gas
• stomach aches and pain
• nausea and vomiting
• diarrhea or constipation
• pale, foul-smelling stools that float

Treatment

The main treatment for celiac disease is to eat a gluten-free diet. A doctor may refer a person to a dietitian who specializes in devising nutritious, gluten-free meal plans.

People with celiac disease should also take steps to limit their exposure to gluten in other ways. For instance, they can check with a pharmacist whether medications or supplements contain gluten before taking them. They can also read labels on cosmetics and household items to ensure that they do not contain gluten.

7. Irritable bowel syndrome

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the collective term for a group of symptoms that affect the digestive system. According to the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, IBS is a functional gastrointestinal disorder. This definition means that it is the result of the brain and gut not working together as they should.

There are three different types of IBS:

• IBS with constipation
• IBS with diarrhea
• IBS with mixed bowel habits

Symptoms of IBS include:

• stomach pain and aches
• bloating
• diarrhea, constipation, or both
• white mucus in stools

Treatment

People may be able to reduce the symptoms of IBS by making the following changes to their diet:

Using techniques to manage stress, such as meditation, mindfulness, and yoga, can also be beneficial.

If a person has IBS with diarrhea, a doctor may prescribe medications such as Imodium or rifaximin (Xifaxan) to treat the diarrhea.

Doctors may also prescribe antispasmodics to help treat stomach pain and cramping.

7 causes, symptoms, and treatments

Body aches and diarrhea are symptoms of a condition, rather than conditions in themselves.

Body aches

Body aches may affect a specific area of the body or the entire body. The pain and discomfort from these aches can range from mild to severe.

Depending on the cause, body aches may be either sudden and temporary or long lasting. Doctors refer to these as acute and chronic, respectively.

Diarrhea

The term diarrhea refers to the passing of loose, watery stools three or more times per day.

Other symptoms may accompany diarrhea, including:

• an urgent need to use the bathroom
• an inability to control bowel movements
• stomach pain and cramping
• nausea

If diarrhea results from an infection, people may also experience:

Below are some of the possible causes of body aches with diarrhea.

1. Food poisoning

Food poisoning can occur when a person consumes food or drink that contains harmful pathogens, such as bacteria or viruses. Many different pathogens can cause food poisoning, including:

The pathogens responsible for food poisoning can come from the following sources:

• undercooked meats
• unpasteurized milk
• improperly washed fruits or vegetables

The symptoms of food poisoning can differ depending on the pathogen responsible. However, some general symptoms include:

• stomach cramps
• diarrhea
• nausea and vomiting
• fever
• muscle aches

The symptoms may develop 30 minutes to 4 weeks after consuming contaminated food or drink. The length of time it takes to develop symptoms depends on the pathogen responsible.

Treatment

The symptoms of food poisoning typically go away without the need for medical treatment. In the meantime, people can try the following:

• drinking plenty of fluids to replace water and electrolytes lost during bouts of vomiting or diarrhea
• taking over-the-counter (OTC) medications, such as loperamide (Imodium) and bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol), to help alleviate diarrhea in adults
• eating plain foods, such as crackers
• using oral rehydration solutions, for people with a weakened immune system and children (only after checking with a doctor)

If a person needs medical treatment, a doctor will first have to establish whether the food poisoning is due to a bacterium, parasite, or virus. If bacteria or parasites are responsible, the doctor may prescribe antibiotics.

A doctor may also prescribe or recommend OTC probiotics to help reduce the duration of diarrhea.

2. Viral gastroenteritis

Viral gastroenteritis (VG) is the medical term for a viral infection of the intestines. People can catch such viruses as a result of coming into contact with the stool or vomit of a person who has the infection.

Symptoms of VG include:

Treatment

People who have VG can use OTC medications, such as Imodium and Pepto-Bismol, to treat diarrhea. They should also make sure that they replace any lost fluids and electrolytes to prevent dehydration.

3. Influenza

Influenza, or flu, viruses are a group of viruses that can cause seasonal flu. They are highly contagious. People can contract them by inhaling droplets from the coughs or sneezes of a person with the virus. They can also get the virus if they come into contact with infected droplets on inanimate objects, such as doorknobs or computer keyboards, and then touch their eyes, nose, or mouth.

Some symptoms of the flu include:

• cough
• sore throat
• runny or stuffy nose
• fever
• body aches and headaches
• occasionally, diarrhea and vomiting (more common in children)

Treatment

In most cases, the flu will go away on its own without the need for medical treatment. However, people can take OTC nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or acetaminophen to help alleviate some of the symptoms.

If a person is experiencing severe flu symptoms, a doctor may prescribe antiviral medication.

Doctors also recommend that people get a flu vaccination before the start of the flu season each year to reduce the chance of developing the flu.

4. Lactose intolerance

Lactose intolerance is a digestive disorder in which the body is unable to break down and digest lactose. Lactose is a naturally occurring sugar present in milk and dairy products.

The symptoms of lactose intolerance include:

• bloating
• gas or flatulence
• diarrhea
• nausea and vomiting
• stomach cramping and discomfort
• painful or aching muscles or joints

Treatment

The main treatment for lactose intolerance is to limit or avoid foods and drinks that contain lactose. Some people may be able to consume small amounts of these foods, whereas others will not be able to consume any.

People can also try taking lactase tablets or drops immediately before consuming foods or drinks containing lactose. Lactase is an enzyme that breaks down lactose, thereby preventing the symptoms of lactose intolerance. However, lactase products are not suitable for young children or people who are pregnant or breastfeeding.

5. Gluten sensitivity

Gluten sensitivity is a condition in which a person experiences symptoms in response to eating foods containing gluten. Examples of such foods include:

Common symptoms of gluten sensitivity include:

• bloating or gas
• diarrhea or constipation
• stomach pain
• nausea
• headaches
• joint pain
• numbness in the legs, arms, or fingers
• brain fog
• fatigue

Treatment

A person who experiences symptoms after eating foods containing gluten should see their doctor, who will need to rule out more serious conditions, such as celiac disease.

A person should not try a gluten-free diet until they have had a blood test for celiac disease. Following such a diet could reduce the accuracy of the test.

If tests confirm that a person does have gluten sensitivity, their doctor will recommend cutting gluten out of the diet to prevent symptom flare-ups.

6. Celiac disease

Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder in which the body cannot process gluten. It is similar to gluten sensitivity but more severe. In people with celiac disease, the consumption of gluten causes the immune system to attack and destroy healthy cells in the small intestine.

The symptoms of celiac disease include:

• bloating and gas
• stomach aches and pain
• nausea and vomiting
• diarrhea or constipation
• pale, foul-smelling stools that float

Treatment

The main treatment for celiac disease is to eat a gluten-free diet. A doctor may refer a person to a dietitian who specializes in devising nutritious, gluten-free meal plans.

People with celiac disease should also take steps to limit their exposure to gluten in other ways. For instance, they can check with a pharmacist whether medications or supplements contain gluten before taking them. They can also read labels on cosmetics and household items to ensure that they do not contain gluten.

7. Irritable bowel syndrome

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the collective term for a group of symptoms that affect the digestive system. According to the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, IBS is a functional gastrointestinal disorder. This definition means that it is the result of the brain and gut not working together as they should.

There are three different types of IBS:

• IBS with constipation
• IBS with diarrhea
• IBS with mixed bowel habits

Symptoms of IBS include:

• stomach pain and aches
• bloating
• diarrhea, constipation, or both
• white mucus in stools

Treatment

People may be able to reduce the symptoms of IBS by making the following changes to their diet:

Using techniques to manage stress, such as meditation, mindfulness, and yoga, can also be beneficial.

If a person has IBS with diarrhea, a doctor may prescribe medications such as Imodium or rifaximin (Xifaxan) to treat the diarrhea.

Doctors may also prescribe antispasmodics to help treat stomach pain and cramping.

The Coronavirus: What We Know Right Now

What is a Coronavirus?

Human Coronaviruses as a whole are by no means new. In fact, most people have likely had coronavirus at some point in their life; as these viruses typically cause mild respiratory illnesses like the common cold.  So, what is the difference with COVID-19? It appears that this particular coronavirus likely started in bats. In the past, the coronaviruses that have originated in animals and then spread to humans have caused more significant illnesses.  The two prior coronaviruses to start in this particular manner were SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) in 2003 and MERS (Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome), which surfaced in 2012. The COVID-19 virus is “novel” meaning that until December 2019, this strain had not been identified in humans.

What are the symptoms of COVID-19?

According to the Center of Disease Control (CDC) people with COVID-19 have had a wide range of symptoms-ranging from mild symptoms to severe illness. Symptoms may appear 2-14 days after exposure to the virus. Reported symptoms include fever or chills, cough, body aches, sore throat, headache, diarrhea, new loss of taste or smell, congestion or runny nose, and even shortness of breath.  If you have of the above symptoms, call your medical provider for guidance on where to be evaluated. Older adults and people who have severe underlying chronic medical conditions like heart or lung disease or diabetes seem to be at higher risk for developing more serious complications from COVID-19 illness. Click here for additional information on Coronavirus symptoms from the CDC. 

If you or your loved one is having symptoms

• Contact your primary care doctor to see when and where you should be tested
• Stay Home!
• Try to isolate from other household members as much as possible.

For an update on COVID-19 and Frequently Asked Questions about testing click here

COVID-19 or something else? – Harvard Health

Learn how COVID-19 symptoms compare to other illnesses, and when you should call the doctor.

Before 2020, you might not have worried much about a tickle in your throat or a little tightness in your chest. But that’s changed.

Now even slight signs of a respiratory bug might make you wonder if it’s the start of COVID-19, the illness that has become a pandemic.

How do you distinguish one illness from another? It’s complicated.

“Many of the symptoms overlap. For example, it’s very hard for me clinically, as a physician, to be able to look at someone and say it’s COVID-19 or it’s influenza,” says Dr. Ashish Jha, former director of the Harvard Global Health Institute and now dean of the Brown University School of Public Health.

Don’t jump to conclusions if you start to feel sick. Learn the hallmarks of common illnesses and how they differ from COVID-19, so you can take the appropriate action.

COVID-19

COVID-19 is an extremely contagious respiratory illness caused by a type of virus (a coronavirus) called SARS-CoV-2. It’s a cousin of the common cold, but its potential consequences are far more serious: hospitalization, lasting complications, and death.

Hallmarks: Loss of taste and smell (in the absence of nasal congestion), fever, cough, shortness of breath, and muscle aches.

Other potential symptoms: Sore throat, diarrhea, congestion, runny nose, chills, shivering, headache, fatigue, and loss of appetite.

Note: Some infected people don’t have any symptoms of COVID-19, but they’re still contagious.

Influenza

Influenza (flu) is a highly contagious respiratory infection caused by the influenza A, B, or C virus. The U.S. flu season typically lasts from October to March, but flu is present year-round.

Hallmarks: Fever, muscle aches, and cough.

Other potential symptoms: Sore throat, diarrhea, congestion, runny nose, chills, shivering, headache, fatigue, loss of appetite.

Different from COVID-19: Flu usually does not cause shortness of breath.

Common cold

The common cold (viral rhinitis) is an upper respiratory infection that can be caused by any of hundreds of different viruses (including coronaviruses or rhinoviruses). It’s usually mild and resolves within a week.

Hallmarks: Congestion, runny nose, cough, and sore throat.

Other potential symptoms: Fever, muscle aches, and fatigue.

Different from COVID-19: A cold does not cause shortness of breath, body aches, chills, or loss of appetite, and it usually doesn’t cause fever.

Seasonal allergies

A seasonal allergy isn’t a virus; it’s caused when the immune system responds to a harmless non-human substance, like tree pollen, as if it were a dangerous threat. Allergies are typically seasonal, lasting for weeks or months, depending on the allergen in the air (mold is the common allergen in the fall and winter).

Hallmarks: Runny nose, itchy eyes, sneezing, congestion.

Other potential symptoms: Loss of smell from congestion.

Different from COVID-19: Allergies do not cause fevers, coughing, shortness of breath, muscle aches, sore throat, diarrhea, chills, headaches, fatigue, or loss of appetite.

Asthma

Asthma is a chronic lung condition caused by inflammation in the air passages. Airways narrow and make it harder to breathe, which can cause concern that it might be COVID-19. “Asthma can be triggered by a cold or influenza, but it’s a separate condition,” Dr. Jha says.

Hallmarks: Wheezing (a whistling sound as air is forcibly expelled), difficulty breathing, chest tightness, and a persistent cough.

Other potential symptoms: A severe asthma attack can cause sudden, extreme shortness of breath; chest tightness; a rapid pulse; sweating; and bluish discoloration of the lips and fingernails.

Different from COVID-19: Asthma does not cause a fever, muscle aches, sore throat, diarrhea, congestion, loss of taste or smell, runny nose, chills, shivering, headache, fatigue, or loss of appetite.

What you should do

Don’t be a hero and try to tough out an illness. Call your doctor to report any concerning symptoms, especially those of COVID-19 or flu; you may need a test and treatment.

“It’s a different era from when you didn’t want to bother your doctor,” Dr. Jha says. “Don’t deny yourself care. Your doctor would never want that. And the earlier you call, the sooner you can be treated if you need it.”

Image: © Dave & Les Jacobs/Getty Images

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As a service to our readers, Harvard Health Publishing provides access to our library of archived content. Please note the date of last review or update on all articles. No content on this site, regardless of date, should ever be used as a substitute for direct medical advice from your doctor or other qualified clinician.

Dealing with Flu: Stay Home or See a Doctor?

The flu is miserable. If you’ve ever had it, you know how brutal it can be: the headache, the fever, the chills.

But sometimes, it’s more than miserable—it’s a medical emergency.

Most people recover from the flu at home, but some need a doctor’s care. So how do you know whether to seek help?

First, check your symptoms against this list of flu symptoms:

• Fever (not always present)
• Cough
• Sore throat
• Runny or stuffy nose
• Body aches
• Headache
• Chills
• Fatigue
• Sometimes diarrhea and vomiting

Recovering at Home

If your symptoms are mild and you choose to recover at home, don’t go to work or other public places where you can pass the flu to others. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, you need to stay home at least 24 hours after you have become fever-free without the aid of medicine.

While you’re at home, make sure to rest and drink a lot of fluids. The following supplies can help you minimize the spread of flu and feel better:

• Nonprescription pain relievers, fever reducers, decongestants, anti-diarrheal medication and cough drops
• Alcohol–based hand sanitizer
• Thermometer
• Facial tissues
• Canned or instant soups (low-sodium is better)
• Toilet paper
• Laundry detergent (you’re going to want to wash those blankets you’re using)
• Household cleaners (make sure to wipe down surfaces, including door handles)
• Soap (wash your hands a lot and encourage anyone you live with to do the same)

Seeing a Doctor

If your symptoms are moderate to severe or you’re at higher risk of developing flu-related complications, you may want to see your doctor. People at higher risk include children younger than 5 and adults 65 and older, pregnant women, residents of nursing homes, and people with chronic illnesses such as asthma, lung disease and heart disease.

Your doctor will assess your symptoms and may prescribe an . If you can’t see your doctor promptly or the office is closed, you can visit an urgent care clinic to be treated for flu.

When Flu Becomes an Emergency

Some people who get the flu get very sick, and it can sometimes be fatal. Thousands of people each year die of flu-related complications. Seek immediate emergency medical attention—call 911—if you’re experiencing any of the following symptoms:

• Difficulty breathing or shortness of breath
• Pain or pressure in the chest or stomach
• Sudden dizziness
• Confusion
• Severe or persistent vomiting
• Flu-like symptoms that improve but then return with fever and worse cough

Have the flu and need to see a doctor? UNC Health Care offers urgent care clinic locations in Wake County and Orange County. Or find a primary care doctor near you.

90,000 Intestinal flu – causes, symptoms and treatment –

Rotavirus infection is an infectious disease caused by rotaviruses. Rotavirus, the symptoms of which are manifested in moderately severe symptoms of enteritis or gastroenteritis, is often combined with respiratory and intestinal syndromes during the initial manifestation of the disease. People of any age are susceptible to rotavirus infection, meanwhile, the incidence is most often noted among children from six months to two years.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

Rotavirus infection is also defined as RI, rotavirus gastroenteritis, rotavirus, gastric or intestinal flu. The transmission of the virus is carried out mainly by food, that is, through unwashed products, dirty hands, etc. Thus, infection with an infection is possible in a variety of ways and, again, through products with rotavirus (in particular, dairy products should be distinguished here, which are especially susceptible to infection due to the specifics of their production).It is noteworthy that rotaviruses can live even in a refrigerator for a long period of time, and chlorination of water does not affect them. Contrary to the generally accepted opinion regarding the effect of holy water on viruses due to its altered structure, it should be emphasized that it does not in any way affect the activity of rotaviruses.

Given that rotavirus also provokes inflammation in the respiratory tract, they spread by analogy with the traditional influenza virus, that is, by droplets (coughing, sneezing).The virus penetrates into the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), while the small intestine is mainly affected. When the gastrointestinal tract is damaged, rotavirus infection causes a disease such as enteritis, which manifests itself in inflammation of the intestinal mucosa, respectively, after this, symptoms characteristic of rotavirus infection appear. They are expressed in particular in disorders of food digestion, which provokes the development of diarrhea with simultaneous dehydration.

ROTAVIRAL INFECTION: SYMPTOMS IN CHILDREN

The course of the disease in children is more severe than in adults.The patient becomes the distributor of the virus from its first manifestations, remaining infectious until their complete completion, along with the disease itself. Recovery, as a rule, comes after five to seven days, and the body develops a sufficiently stable immunity to the virus, which makes it possible to assert about the practical impossibility of subsequent infection with rotavirus. The incubation period is from 1 to 5 days, while the acute period begins in children from 3-7 days. The severe course of the acute period of the disease can provoke a subsequent increase and the duration of the course of this period, in this case it can be more than 7 days.It takes about 4-5 days to recover from a disease.

Rotavirus infection is characterized by an acute onset of its own. Its main manifestations are expressed in vomiting and a sharp increase in temperature, diarrhea is possible. Stool with rotavirus infection is quite typical. So, on the first day it is yellow, liquid, on the second and third day it is clay-like, gray-yellow in color. As a rule, among the sick there is a runny nose and redness of the throat, as well as pain that occurs when swallowing.The acute period is characterized by a lack of appetite, as well as a state of fatigue. Most often, rotavirus infection in children is characterized by the following scenario. So, the morning rise is noted in the child by lethargy and moodiness, in the morning nausea appears. Vomiting is possible (often with mucus), and it is relevant even if the stomach is empty. Appetite is significantly reduced, after eating, vomiting occurs with the release of pieces of undigested food, it also occurs after drinking more than 50 ml of liquid.

Further, the temperature rises, and by the evening it can exceed 39 ° C. It is noteworthy that the disease is characterized by a stable and high temperature, that is, it is very difficult to bring it down. The duration of the state in a stay with a high temperature can be of the order of 5 days. In addition, symptoms of rotavirus infection are manifested in the form of loose stools with an unpleasant odor, as well as abdominal pain. In very young children, who are not yet able to explain their painful sensations, crying with a characteristic rumbling in the tummy acts as a sign of pain.Babies become irritable and whiny, in addition, they also rapidly lose weight. The second day of the disease (as well as the following days) is characterized by drowsiness. Proper treatment allows you to eliminate all manifestations of the infection in question within up to 7 days, after which full recovery comes. The only thing that can subsequently cause discomfort for some time is loose stools. As for the intensity of manifestations, as well as the severity and duration of the symptoms that rotavirus infection brings with it, in general they are different.It is noteworthy that the symptoms characteristic of infection are similar to those of other diseases of a more severe nature. As such, one can distinguish, for example, salmonellosis or cholera. It is for this reason that when the child’s temperature rises, as well as in case of nausea and / or loose stools, a doctor should be immediately called at home. In case of severe abdominal pain, an ambulance must be called as an additional symptom. Self-medication should be ruled out until the specific prescription of a doctor.

COMPLICATIONS OF ROTAVIRAL INFECTION IN CHILDREN

Correct treatment of rotavirus infection does not cause complications. However, if you exclude frequent drinking with diarrhea and vomiting, especially for children under the age of one year, dehydration can even lead to death (up to 3% of all cases). Failure to take the required measures can also lead to the addition of an intestinal bacterial infection to the virus, which will further complicate the course of the disease and the condition of the child.It is imperative to monitor the temperature of the child, because with a prolonged increase in the range of 39 ° C, the load on the cardiovascular system increases significantly, convulsions are possible.
In general, the transferred disease does not carry any long-term consequences, therefore, one can indicate favorable forecasts for the future.

SYMPTOMS OF ROTAVIRAL INFECTION IN ADULTS
As we have already noted, the course of the disease in adults is lighter than in children.As for the re-morbidity, here, in contrast to them, with a low level of antibodies, immunity is not developed properly against rotavirus infection, and therefore its symptoms may recur again. The specificity of the disease is the same. So, it is still a viral gastroenteritis, whose course affects the gastrointestinal tract, and is also expressed in dehydration and general intoxication. The most common method of infection is contact with contaminated food, but household, water and other contact is not excluded.In adults, intoxication is moderate, with lethargy, muscle weakness, headache and adynamia, the temperature is subfebrile (up to 37.7 ° C). The pharynx acquires swelling, a white bloom appears on the tongue, muffled heart sounds (which is determined on examination by a doctor). The onset of the disease is also characterized by its own severity, which manifests itself during the first days from the moment of infection. Also abdominal pain (epigastric region) occurs. The stool is watery (within 3-9 times a day), nausea and vomiting are also present among the symptoms.With this infection, diarrhea is profuse, characterized by a sharp odor and pallor in color, in some cases an admixture of mucus is possible, lasting up to a week. Given the severity of fluid loss, dehydration also develops rapidly, which, in turn, can lead to circulatory failure and the body’s cessation of urine production (anuria). It should be noted that rotavirus infection is often a relevant phenomenon that arises as a complication of diseases affecting the respiratory tract (rhinitis, pharyngitis).Meanwhile, in many cases, the disease is characterized by an easy course with the absence of its characteristic symptoms in the form of nausea and vomiting, while the stool is liquid and infrequent. In any of the variants of the course of the disease, the patient is a carrier of the infection, respectively, in this he is dangerous for the people around him.

ROTAVIRAL INFECTION: TREATMENT IN CHILDREN

There are no drugs as such to eliminate rotavirus. For this reason, the treatment of the infection is symptomatic, and, therefore, is focused on normalizing the condition by restoring the water-salt balance, which is disturbed due to vomiting and diarrhea.Also, the goal of treatment is to combat the results obtained from the infectious effect in the form of dehydration, toxicosis and disorders in the work of the urinary and cardiovascular systems. The manifestation of symptoms indicating gastrointestinal disorders in a child, in no case, does not allow the consumption of milk and dairy products in any form, because at the moment they are an excellent aid for the growth of bacteria. The child may also have a decreased appetite or it is completely absent – in any case, there is no need to force him to eat.A good alternative to food in this state will be a small amount of jelly (on water, jam and starch, that is, homemade), you can also give chicken broth. In the event that the child does not refuse to eat, you can give him liquid rice porridge without oil (slightly sweetened). The main thing in nutrition is the small volume of portions, which will prevent the gag reflex with gradual saturation.

In addition to dietary restrictions, the main treatment is the use of rehydration therapy, sorbents are also applicable (activated carbon, attapulgite, dioctahedral smectite). Days in which severe vomiting or diarrhea occurs, provide for the replenishment of salts and fluid volumes lost through vomit and loose stools. This provides for the possibility of using a rehydron (sachet per liter of water), 50 ml at intervals of every half hour or hour until the liquid runs out. When you skip taking this solution because of sleep, you should not wake the child, just as you do not need to give him, for this reason, a solution in a volume exceeding 50 ml, because he can simply pull it out.As for the temperature, the important point is the fact that the virus dies at 38 ° C, respectively, the temperature below this limit does not need to be brought down. This applies not only to rotavirus infection, but also, say, the common cold – it is a well-known fact that it is highly discouraged to bring down the temperature before reaching this mark (figuratively speaking, the body and its immune system in particular must be given a “fight”). To bring down the temperature to a higher one, the doctor will prescribe suppositories for children under the age of 3 years (cefikon), for older children, paracetamol is prescribed (in accordance with the dosage for a specific age).To bring down the temperature, you can also apply rubdowns using a weak vodka solution (the whole body is wiped without allowing temperature drops in the areas between its individual areas). Rubdown is performed half an hour after taking the medicine for the temperature in the absence of a result.
Gastrointestinal disorders with fever are eliminated by taking Enterofuril as prescribed by the doctor in the dosage indicated by him. The drug is intended for the treatment and prevention of infection, as well as to prevent a protracted course in a patient with diarrhea.Abdominal pains are eliminated by no-spa, again, according to the doctor’s prescription and in the dosage indicated by him (usually in the form of a solution).

ROTAVIRAL INFECTION: TREATMENT IN ADULTS

Considering the greater adaptability of the adult organism to this type of shocks (and the adaptability of the gastrointestinal tract to them in particular), as well as their stronger immunity, the disease proceeds in a mild form of exposure. Given this, special treatment is not required in this case.If the symptoms are pronounced, then the treatment is focused on eliminating specific symptoms. So, this can provide for the prevention of dehydration due to the frequent drinking of saline solutions (based on rehydron), as well as water, tea.

Additionally, sorbents are taken to accelerate the elimination of toxins and improve well-being, as well as astringent medications. An important point is also a restriction in diet (in particular, the restriction is extended to the consumption of foods saturated with carbohydrates in the form of fruits, sugar, vegetables), again, dairy products are excluded.Due to the fact that the disease is contagious, the patient must be isolated during treatment, thereby limiting the spread of rotavirus infection. Hospitalization is possible on the basis of epidemiological and clinical indications. If you suspect the presence of rotavirus infection, you should contact your attending physician (pediatrician) or an infectious disease specialist, who will determine the necessary treatment based on the tests required for this. Additionally, he can refer the patient to a gastroenterologist.

Diarrhea: symptoms, causes and treatment

Diarrhea: Symptoms, Causes and Treatment

22.06.2018 12:06

The causes of diarrhea can be anything from food poisoning or chronic bowel disease to serious intestinal infection.

Diarrhea can be accompanied by abdominal pain, fever and dehydration. Moreover, the latter is fraught with the development of severe complications.

What is diarrhea?

Diarrhea is defined as loose stools with a frequency of more than three times a day.
Diarrhea can be infectious or non-infectious. Non-infectious is more often associated with chronic bowel diseases (ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, irritable bowel syndrome).Such conditions are accompanied by frequent stools, while it is mostly not liquid, but mushy. In most cases, there is no high fever or severe abdominal pain.

Poisoning or intestinal infection?

The first symptoms of food poisoning can appear almost immediately after eating: from 30 minutes to 4 hours. With an intestinal infection, this period lasts longer – from 12 hours to 3 days.

Infectious diarrhea is accompanied by high fever, abdominal pain of various localization: in the umbilical region or in the lower lateral parts of the abdomen.In case of poisoning, as a rule, vomiting occurs first, sometimes quite severe. The pain is localized in the upper abdomen – in the stomach and small intestine. Diarrhea joins later, it is not as pronounced as with intestinal infections. The temperature in case of food poisoning immediately rises to high values, but then decreases. Infectious diarrhea in most cases is accompanied by a temperature of 37 to 40 ° C.

Alarm symptoms

Symptoms of anxiety include diarrhea that lasts more than three days, high fever that lasts more than one day, and the presence of pathological impurities in the stool: blood and mucus.Severe abdominal pain, which makes it difficult for a person to move, is also a reason to see a doctor.

Dehydration may occur with diarrhea. Together with water, vital macro- and microelements are washed out of the body: ions of potassium, chlorine, sodium, etc. At risk are children under 2 years of age and elderly people over 65.

In addition, it is not worth treating diarrhea at home:
patients taking glucocorticosteroids (for example, with rheumatoid arthritis) and cytostatics;
people after chemotherapy and radiation therapy;
people with malignant neoplasms;
patients after organ transplant.

The classic misconception is that you shouldn’t eat if you have diarrhea. It is imperative to take food, but often in small portions (preferably 5-6 times a day). Food should be free of intestinal irritants and fiber. So fruits and vegetables, even boiled and steamed, are not recommended.

It is necessary to replenish the loss of water and microelements. This is best done with special salt preparations, which can be bought at the pharmacy. Their composition is balanced in the right proportion.You need to drink a little, but often. An adult should drink about 2-3 liters of extra fluids per day. It is better to forget about juices during illness. It is also undesirable to drink carbonated drinks, including mineral water.

If you are concerned about abdominal pain, you can take drugs from the group of antispasmodics. Painkillers in this situation will not bring relief. At the same time, if after taking spasmolytics the pain did not go away, or after some time returned, or began to intensify, it is necessary to consult a doctor.This could be a symptom of a more serious medical condition!

In addition, experts recommend taking drugs that have an adsorbent effect two hours before any other drugs or two hours after.

No physical activity! You should also not take drugs that stop diarrhea.

It is possible to use preparations that are intestinal antiseptics – they do not remove diarrhea, but kill bacteria. However, it is better to consult a doctor before taking such medication.This rule also applies to intestinal antibiotics.
It will be useful for children to give drugs that contain probiotics and prebiotics. The former contain microorganisms useful for the intestines, the latter create conditions for their adequate growth.

As for folk remedies, such as a decoction of chamomile or oak bark, they are good for food poisoning. With intestinal infections, they are ineffective.

If there are no complications, diarrhea usually resolves in three days.

“Healthy people”

90,000 Loose stools and abdominal pain

Abdominal pain accompanied by diarrhea most often indicates an intestinal infection.There are a lot of causative agents of such diseases, and they enter the body through dirty hands, water (when swimming in contaminated water bodies), when eating infected food.

The main signs of intestinal infection, in addition to loose stools, are frequent vomiting and fever, fever. Intestinal infections are very unpleasant diseases for humans. Constant diarrhea and vomiting lead to rapid dehydration, general weakness and poor health.

What diseases cause diarrhea and abdominal pain:

• Dysentery: The incubation period lasts 1-2 days.Then a fever appears (40 and above), painful cramps in the abdomen. Watery diarrhea up to 10-30 times a day. The feces contain mucus and blood. The patient has a constant urge to defecate.
• Rotavirus infection: The incubation period is up to 5 days. Vomiting is an obligatory symptom of infection. There is general intoxication, fever, runny nose and swelling. There is abundant liquid, yellow-green stools, pain in the upper and middle parts of the abdomen.
• Salmonellosis: incubation period – from several hours to several days. The patient’s temperature rises (up to 39 o). There is vomiting, cramping abdominal pain, watery and foul-smelling loose stools.
• Staphylococcal food poisoning: first signs appear 2-4 hours after infection. There is a high temperature (38-38.5), chills, severe paroxysmal pain in the abdomen. The patient often vomits, diarrhea is not always present.

Symptoms such as abdominal pain and diarrhea are present in many other intestinal diseases: paratyphoid fever, cholera, intestinal yersiniosis, etc. Do not think that many of these diseases have long been eliminated: their causative agent can be easily found at a resort in the tropical zone. Therefore, always wash your hands and food thoroughly, do not eat foods you do not know.

Intestinal infections have a favorable prognosis with adequate medical care.Therefore, if you have symptoms of infection, call your doctor. Proper treatment will allow you to quickly and without complications cope with the disease.

Be healthy!

Influenza and acute intestinal infections – City Hospital

INFLUENZA

Influenza was and remains a serious problem for human health, causing annual epidemics, during which up to 10% of adults and up to 30% of children on the planet fall ill. This is the most common infection in the world. Every year, influenza epidemics cause huge economic losses, both to individuals and to society as a whole.In addition, the incidence of influenza is accompanied by an increase in mortality, and then we are talking about millions of human lives.

How can you get infected?

Influenza, like other ARVI (acute respiratory viral infections), is transmitted by airborne droplets. A sick person actively talks, coughs, sneezes, while particles of saliva containing the influenza virus enter the surrounding air, and from there into our upper respiratory tract (nose, nasopharynx). There may be a contact-everyday path: a sick person, coughing, covered his mouth with his palm, then took hold of the handrail in public transport, the door handle in the office … We followed him into the bus, office … You can get infected, and exchanging common objects with the sick person everyday life and everyday life, notebooks, writing utensils, using common utensils.

How does the flu manifest?

The disease, as a rule, begins suddenly: with a sharp rise in temperature (38-39 degrees and above). At the very beginning of the disease, you may feel chills, weakness and lethargy, severe headache. On the 2-3rd day of illness, a sore throat, a runny nose, a dry cough begins. The disease can be accompanied by abdominal pain and vomiting.

Why, despite all the efforts of modern medicine, the flu does not leave our planet?

Passing from person to person, the virus seeks new forms of protection, slightly transforming the proteins of its shell and adapting to survival in the human body.Thus, each year brings us new mutated varieties of this disease.

Why is flu so terrible?

Moderate and severe forms of influenza can cause serious complications: pneumonia (inflammation of the lungs), cardiovascular diseases, diseases of the nervous system, etc. sore throats).

Influenza is a serious illness that kills between 300,000 and 500,000 people worldwide every year.Pregnant women, young children, the elderly in poor health, and people with chronic conditions such as asthma or heart disease are at increased risk of severe infections and death. An additional benefit of vaccinating pregnant women is that the vaccine for the mother also protects the newborn (there is no flu vaccine for children under 6 months of age).

Seasonal influenza vaccines provide immunity to the 3 most common strains circulating during the season.This is the best way to reduce your risk of getting severe flu and getting others around you. These vaccines have been in use for over 60 years. Avoiding the flu means avoiding additional medical costs and losing income from absenteeism or school absence.

Mass vaccinations against influenza are carried out annually in accordance with the National Vaccination Schedule.

Where can I get the flu shot?

In the city’s polyclinics and GPs:

Polyclinic №1 st.Oktyabrskaya, 80 Inoculation room

ORP of the settlement of Silikatny, ORP of the settlement of Chkalov

Polyclinic №2 st. Dobrolyubova, 7 Vaccination room

Polyclinic №3 st. Ryabova, 20 vaccination room

Branch of the polyclinic in Leninsky, Lermontov str., 137 vaccination room.

ACUTE INTESTINAL INFECTIONS

This is a group of acute infectious diseases occurring with a predominant lesion of the intestines, which is accompanied by upset stools, dehydration and intoxication of the body. Symptoms of acute intestinal infections Acute intestinal infections are a group of acute infectious diseases occurring with a predominant intestinal lesion, which is accompanied by upset stools, dehydration and intoxication of the body. The causative agents of acute intestinal infections are various types of bacteria (shigella – causative agents of dysentery, salmonella, E. coli, staphylococcus, yersinia, enterococci, as well as conditionally pathogenic microorganisms – Proteus, Klebsiella, Candida fungi) and viruses (rotavirus, adenosirus, enterovirus).Infection occurs through food, water, household items, dirty hands. Pathogenic microorganisms cause damage to various parts of the gastrointestinal tract, which is accompanied by an appropriate clinical picture.

Salmonellosis

Infection occurs when eating mainly contaminated eggs, poultry, but infection is possible through meat and fish. Poor heat treatment and improper storage of products play a decisive role, so the disease occurs mainly in the warm season.The contact-household route of infection is also possible, because Salmonella is very persistent in the external environment. The disease is characterized by an acute onset, nausea, repeated vomiting, a rise in temperature (up to 38-39C), then pain in the navel area or throughout the abdomen, bloating, frequent loose fetid stools – 10 or more times per day, which can last without treatment 5-8 days. Symptoms of dehydration and general intoxication (fever, general weakness and malaise) are pronounced.

Rotavirus infection (“intestinal flu”).

The main route of transmission is food. Children are more often infected with this virus, as a result of the transferred disease, partial immunity is developed and each subsequent case is easier. The disease has an epidemic feature: its outbreaks usually precede influenza epidemics (for which it received its unofficial name “intestinal flu”). The disease begins acutely: vomiting occurs, the temperature rises, loose stools appear up to 10-15 times a day. The chair has its own characteristics – it has a yellow-gray clay-like character.In most cases, catarrhal symptoms are also noted – a runny nose and sore throat. Symptoms of general intoxication are noted: general malaise, lack of appetite.

Enterovirus infection

Infection occurs mainly when bathing in reservoirs, which are treated with untreated sewage. An enterovirus infection is characterized by swelling, vomiting, fever, headache, abdominal pain, loose stools, but damage to the meninges can also join – serous meningitis, which is also accompanied by the appearance of a rash on the arms and legs.Adenovirus spreads by airborne droplets and infects all mucous membranes. Therefore, in severe adenovirus infection, stool disorder is noted against a background of high fever, catarrhal phenomena (runny nose, cough), conjunctivitis. Diagnosis of acute intestinal infections. Due to the similarity of symptoms of acute intestinal diseases, when a patient develops an appropriate clinical picture, a preliminary diagnosis of “Acute intestinal disease” is established and samples are taken from the rectum for inoculation and subsequent bacteriological examination.Thus, in particular, the causative agents of dysentery and salmonellosis can be identified. Currently, enzyme immunoassay is increasingly used to identify pathogens of intestinal infections. Serological methods are of less importance in the diagnosis of intestinal infections, because antibodies in the blood appear only on day 4-5. Treatment of acute intestinal infections The principles of treatment of most acute intestinal infections are largely similar. A gentle diet is prescribed. With severe intoxication and dehydration, polyionic solutions are prescribed orally or intravenously, and in the absence of dehydration, colloidal solutions (rheopolyglucin, hemodez, etc.)). It is recommended to add antibiotics to the treatment regimen: nitrofurans, and in severe cases, fluoroquinolones for a course of 5-7 days. Enterosorbents (smecta, activated carbon, enterosgel) are used to treat diarrhea. For the treatment of generalized forms (sepsis, meningitis, pyelonephritis, cholecystitis), II and III generation cephalosporins are used. With a protracted course of diseases, eubiotics and enzymes are indicated. Prevention of acute intestinal infections

The World Health Organization gives ten “golden rules” for the prevention of intestinal infections:

1.Choose safe foods. Keep track of their expiration dates

2. Prepare food thoroughly. Observe the recommended heat treatment times.

3. Eat food as soon as possible after cooking.

4. Store food carefully. Observe the temperature storage conditions.

5. Reheat pre-cooked food thoroughly.

6. Avoid contact between raw and prepared food.

7.Wash your hands often and always before eating.

8. Keep the kitchen clean. Do not use one cutting board and one knife for raw and cooked foods

9. Protect food from insects (flies!), Rodents and other animals.

10. Use only high quality clean water or boiled water.

Attention !!! Coronavirus! Flu!! ARVI !!!

Influenza, coronavirus infection and other acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI)

Influenza, coronavirus infection and other acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) are in first place in terms of the number of sick people annually

Despite constant efforts to combat the causative agents of influenza, coronavirus infection and other acute respiratory viral infections, they still have not been defeated.

Thousands of people die from complications of influenza every year.

This is due to the fact that viruses, primarily influenza viruses and coronaviruses, have the ability to change their structure and a mutated virus can infect a person again. So, a person who has had the flu has a good immune barrier, but nevertheless a new modified virus is able to easily penetrate through it, since the body has not yet developed immunity against this type of virus.

For whom is the most dangerous encounter with the virus?

Children and the elderly are especially hard to tolerate the infection; complications that can develop during the illness are very dangerous for these age groups.Children get sick more seriously due to the fact that their immune system has not yet met this virus, and for the elderly, as well as for people with chronic diseases, the virus is dangerous due to a weakened immune system.

Risk groups

• Children

• People over 60 years old

• People with chronic lung diseases (bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease)

• People with chronic diseases of the cardiovascular system (congenital heart defects, coronary heart disease, heart failure)

• Pregnant women

• Health care workers

• Public transport workers, catering establishments

How does the infection occur?

The infection is transmitted from a sick person to a healthy person through the smallest droplets of saliva or mucus that are released during sneezing, coughing, talking.Contact transmission is also possible.

Symptoms

Depending on the specific type of pathogen, symptoms can vary significantly, both in severity and in combination.

• Temperature rise

• Chills, general malaise, weakness headache, muscle pain

• Decreased appetite, possible nausea and vomiting

• Conjunctivitis (possibly)

• Diarrhea (possibly)

On average, the illness lasts about 5 days.If the temperature lasts longer, complications may have arisen.

Complications

• Pneumonia

• Encephalitis, meningitis

• Complications of pregnancy, development of fetal pathology

• Exacerbation of chronic diseases

Treatment of the disease is carried out under the supervision of a physician who, only after examining the patient, prescribes a treatment regimen and gives other recommendations.

The sick person must comply with bed rest, eat well and drink more fluids.

Antibiotics

Taking antibiotics in the early days of illness is a big mistake. Antibiotics are not able to cope with the virus, in addition, they adversely affect the normal microflora. Antibiotics are prescribed only by a doctor, only in case of complications caused by the addition of a bacterial infection. Taking antibacterial drugs as a preventive measure for the development of complications is dangerous and useless.

A sick person should stay at home and not pose a threat of infection to others.

Prevention

The most effective way to prevent influenza is to get vaccinated annually. The composition of the influenza vaccine changes annually. First of all, it is recommended to get vaccinated for those who are at risk. The optimal time for vaccination is October-November. Influenza vaccination is possible from 6 months of age onwards.

Vaccines have not been developed against most pathogens of acute respiratory viral infections.

Checklist: Prevention of influenza and coronavirus infection

Influenza and coronavirus viruses cause respiratory diseases of varying severity in humans.Symptoms are similar to those of regular (seasonal) flu. The severity of the disease depends on a number of factors, including the general condition of the body and age.

Predisposed to the disease: the elderly, small children, pregnant women and people suffering from chronic diseases (asthma, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases), and with weakened immunity.

RULE 1. WASH HANDS OFTEN WITH SOAP

Clean and disinfect surfaces using household detergents.

Hand hygiene is an important measure to prevent the spread of influenza and coronavirus infection. Washing with soap removes viruses. If you cannot wash your hands with soap and water, use alcohol-based or disinfectant wipes.

Cleaning and regular disinfection of surfaces (tables, doorknobs, chairs, gadgets, etc.) removes viruses.

RULE 2. OBSERVE DISTANCE AND LABEL

Viruses are transmitted from a sick person to a healthy person by airborne droplets (when sneezing, coughing), therefore, it is necessary to maintain a distance of at least 1 meter from patients.

Avoid touching your eyes, nose, or mouth. The flu virus and coronavirus are spread by these routes.

Wear a mask or other available protective equipment to reduce the risk of illness.

When coughing or sneezing, cover your mouth and nose with disposable tissues, which should be discarded after use.

Avoiding unnecessary travel and visits to crowded places can reduce the risk of illness.

RULE 3.LEAD A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE

A healthy lifestyle increases the body’s resistance to infection. Maintain a healthy schedule, including adequate sleep, eating foods rich in protein, vitamins and minerals, and being physically active.

RULE 4. PROTECT RESPIRATORY ORGANS WITH A MEDICAL MASK

Among other means of prevention, wearing masks occupies a special place, thanks to which the spread of the virus is limited.

Medical Respiratory Masks Use:

– when visiting crowded places, traveling by public transport during a period of increasing incidence of acute respiratory viral infections;

– when caring for patients with acute respiratory viral infections;

– when communicating with persons with signs of an acute respiratory viral infection;

– with the risk of infection with other infections transmitted by airborne droplets.

HOW TO WEAR A MASK CORRECTLY?

Masks can be of different designs. They can be one-time use or can be reused. There are masks that last 2, 4, 6 hours. The cost of these masks is different due to the different impregnation. But you can’t wear the same mask all the time, so you can infect yourself twice. Which side to wear a medical mask inside is not important.

To protect yourself from infection, it is extremely important to wear it correctly:

– the mask must be carefully fixed, tightly covering the mouth and nose, leaving no gaps;

– try not to touch the surfaces of the mask when removing it, if you touched it, wash your hands thoroughly with soap or alcohol;

– a wet or damp mask should be changed to a new, dry one;

– do not reuse a disposable mask;

– A used disposable mask should be discarded immediately.

When caring for a patient, after the end of contact with a sick person, the mask should be removed immediately. After removing the mask, wash your hands immediately and thoroughly.

The mask is appropriate if you are in a crowded area, on public transport, and when caring for the sick, but it is not practical in the open air.

While outdoors, it is good to breathe fresh air and you should not wear a mask.

At the same time, doctors remind that this single measure does not provide complete protection against the disease.In addition to wearing a mask, other preventive measures must be followed.

RULE 5. WHAT TO DO IN CASE OF INFLUENZA, CORONAVIRUS INFECTION?

Stay home and see a doctor urgently.

Follow your doctor’s orders, stay in bed and drink as much fluids as possible.

WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF FLU / CORONAVIRUS INFECTION high body temperature, chills, headache, weakness, nasal congestion, cough, shortness of breath, muscle pain, conjunctivitis.

In some cases, there may be symptoms of gastrointestinal disorders: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea.

WHAT ARE THE COMPLICATIONS

Viral pneumonia is the leading complication. Deterioration in viral pneumonia is rapid, and many patients develop respiratory failure within 24 hours, requiring immediate respiratory support with mechanical ventilation.

Prompt treatment can help alleviate the severity of the disease.

WHAT TO DO IF SOMEONE GETS THE FLU /

CORONAVIRUS INFECTION IN THE FAMILY?

Call a doctor.

Give the sick person a separate room in the house. If this is not possible, maintain a distance of at least 1 meter from the patient.

Minimize contact between sick and loved ones, especially children, the elderly and people with chronic diseases.
Ventilate the area frequently.

Keep clean and wash and disinfect surfaces with household detergents as often as possible.

Wash your hands often with soap and water.

When caring for a sick person, cover your mouth and nose with a mask or other protective equipment (handkerchief, scarf, etc.).

Only one family member should take care of the sick person.

Hygiene for influenza, coronavirus infection and other acute respiratory viral infections

What should you do during the period of active circulation of pathogens of influenza, coronavirus infection and other pathogens of acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) in order to prevent your own infection and protect others if you get sick?

The causative agents of all these diseases are highly contagious and are transmitted mainly by airborne droplets.

When sneezing and coughing in the air around a sick person, microdroplets of his saliva, sputum and respiratory secretions, which contain viruses, are spread. Larger droplets settle on surrounding objects and surfaces, small ones stay in the air for a long time and are transported to distances of up to several hundred meters, while viruses retain the ability to infect from several hours to several days. The main measures of hygienic prevention are aimed at preventing healthy people from coming into contact with particles of a sick person’s secretions containing viruses.

Compliance with the following hygiene rules will significantly reduce the risk of infection or further spread of influenza, coronavirus infection and other SARS.

.

How not to get infected

• Wash hands after visiting any public places, transport, touching doorknobs, money, public office equipment in the workplace, before eating and preparing food. Pay special attention to thoroughly soaping (at least 20 seconds), and then completely drying your hands.

• After returning home from the street – wash your hands and face with soap, rinse your nose with isotonic salt solution.

• Touch the face, eyes – only with recently washed hands. If water and soap are not available, use alcohol-based hand sanitizers to clean your hands. Or use a disposable napkin if you need to touch your eyes or nose

• Wear a disposable medical mask in crowded places and transport.It is necessary to change the mask to a new one every 2-3 hours; the mask cannot be reused.

• Give preference to sleek hairstyles when you are in crowded places, loose hair, often in contact with your face, increases the risk of infection.

• Avoid close contact and stay in the same room with people with visible signs of SARS (coughing, sneezing, nasal discharge).

• Do not touch doorknobs, handrails, or other objects or surfaces in public spaces with your bare hands.

• Limit welcome handshakes, kisses, and hugs.

• Ventilate the premises more often.

• Do not use shared towels.

How not to infect others

• Minimize

  contacts with healthy people (welcome handshakes, kisses).

• If you feel unwell, but have to communicate with other people or use public transport – use a disposable mask, be sure to change it to a new one every hour.

• When coughing or sneezing, be sure to cover your mouth, if possible with a disposable handkerchief, if not, with your palms or elbows.

• Use only personal or disposable tableware.

• Isolate your personal hygiene items from household members: toothbrush, washcloth, towels.

• Carry out wet cleaning of the house every day, including the treatment of door handles, switches, office equipment control panels.

Scientists have described the digestive symptoms of the new coronavirus

https://ria.ru/20200319/1568839116.html

Scientists have described the digestive symptoms of the new coronavirus

Scientists have described the digestive symptoms of the new coronavirus

that one of the most common symptoms of COVID-19, along with respiratory manifestations, is indigestion. Results RIA Novosti, 19.03.2020

2020-03-19T13: 42

2020-03-19T13: 42

2020-03-19T15: 20

science

coronavirus covid-19

health

new york (city)

wuhan

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https: // cdn22.img.ria.ru/images/152718/35/1527183535_0 0:7200:4050_1920x0_80_0_0_e59b61a8d6b23b6da23a84ce8e756236.jpg

MOSCOW, Mar 19 – RIA Novosti. Doctors are increasingly claiming that one of the most common symptoms of COVID-19, along with respiratory manifestations, is indigestion. The results of two such studies are published in The American Journal of Gastroenterology and Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology. The first study is based on observations in three hospitals in the Chinese city of Wuhan, which has become the center of the spread of the disease.From January 18 to February 28, scientists analyzed the symptoms of 204 patients with COVID-19 and found that almost half of them complained primarily of digestive disorders: diarrhea or anorexia (complete lack of appetite). Less common symptoms were nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain, and research shows that patients with digestive symptoms had a longer gap between the first signs of illness and hospitalization than those with only respiratory symptoms.In addition, these people stayed in the hospital longer – nine days compared to 7.3, and their cure was more difficult. According to scientists, respiratory symptoms manifested themselves in the most severe patients who made the first wave. Therefore, they were described as the main ones and to combat them (primarily with pneumonia) and treatment was directed. At the same time, the authors note that they found seven cases when those infected with coronavirus had digestive disorders, but respiratory symptoms did not appear. According to doctors, such patients should be attributed to the early risk group.In a second article, scientists from the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York summarized key information for gastroenterologists regarding patients with chronic digestive disorders who may be diagnosed with coronavirus infection. cited in a press release from the American Gastroenterology Association, study leader Ryan Ungaro, M.D., said: “While COVID-19 is a major public health concern around the world, it is important to control the risks in the long term and keep abreast of ongoing research and recommendations to provide patients with the most accurate advice. “According to scientists, special attention should be paid to patients with inflammatory bowel disease who are taking immunosuppressive drugs. The article provides clear instructions from the American Gastroenterological Association that such patients should in no case give up traditional drugs due to the threat of COVID-19, because the risk of an outbreak of intestinal infection far outweighs the likelihood of contracting coronavirus. These patients simply have to comply more strictly than others with the quarantine and self-isolation regime.The researchers also cite data that in the case of the previous SARS coronavirus, which causes SARS, diarrhea as one of the main symptoms was noted in 25 percent of those infected.

https://ria.ru/20200319/1568819600.html

https://ria.ru/20200318/1568785423.html

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wuhan

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coronavirus covid-19, health, new york (city), wuhan

MOSCOW, March 19 – RIA Novosti. Doctors are increasingly claiming that one of the most common symptoms of COVID-19, along with respiratory manifestations, is indigestion. The results of two such studies are published in The American Journal of Gastroenterology and Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology.

The first study is based on observations in three hospitals in the Chinese city of Wuhan, which has become the center of the spread of the disease.From January 18 to February 28, scientists analyzed the symptoms of 204 patients with COVID-19 and found that almost half of them complained primarily of digestive disorders: diarrhea or anorexia (complete lack of appetite). Less common symptoms were nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain.

Study shows that patients with digestive symptoms had a longer gap between the first signs of illness and hospitalization than those with only respiratory symptoms.In addition, such people stayed in the hospital longer – nine days compared to 7.3, and their cure was more difficult.

According to scientists, respiratory symptoms were manifested in the most severe patients, who made up the first wave. Therefore, they were described as the main ones and to combat them (primarily with pneumonia) and treatment was directed.

March 19, 2020, 06:19 Spread of coronavirus Scientists assessed the risks of coronavirus infection from pets

At the same time, the authors note that they found seven cases when people infected with coronavirus had digestive disorders, but respiratory symptoms did not appear.According to doctors, such patients should be attributed to the early risk group.

In a second article, scientists from Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York summarized key information for gastroenterologists regarding patients with chronic digestive disorders who may be diagnosed with coronavirus infection.

“This is a rapidly evolving area with new information coming in every day,” the American Gastroenterological Association said in a press release as study leader Ryan Ungaro, MD.“While COVID-19 is a major public health problem around the world, it is important to keep risks in perspective and stay up to date with ongoing research and recommendations to provide patients with the most accurate recommendations.”

Special attention should be paid to patients with inflammatory bowel disease who are taking immunosuppressive drugs. The article provides clear guidance from the American Gastroenterological Association that such patients should in no case give up traditional drugs due to the threat of COVID-19, because the risk of an outbreak of intestinal infection far exceeds the likelihood of contracting coronavirus.These patients simply have to comply more strictly than others with the quarantine and self-isolation regime.

The researchers also cite data that in the case of the previous SARS coronavirus, which causes SARS, diarrhea as one of the main symptoms was noted in 25 percent of those infected.

March 18, 2020, 14:14 Science Scientists have discovered another way of infection with coronavirus 90,000 What to do if your stomach hurts – Medicaid 24 Clinic

Winter set of holidays is a wonderful time.Gifts are presented, everyone is happy and contented, they go to visit, meet with friends and loved ones. Well, what a holiday without a feast ?! Mom baked her own delicious cake, and grandmother cooked an unusually tasty jelly, but you can’t do without salads with mayonnaise.

However, the time of relaxation and joy can turn into health problems. For example, according to statistics, it is during the New Year holidays that the number of patients with a surgical and gastroenterological profile increases sharply.

So what if you have a stomach ache?

In most cases, abdominal pain is attributed to quite common causes, such as emotional distress, overeating or poisoning. However, similar pain symptoms can be caused by more serious diseases. Only a doctor can clearly determine the cause of pain.

It is important to distinguish when pain is a consequence of increased intestinal motility, for example, with excessive gas production, and when it is a serious symptom of a pathological process.Usually, abdominal pain that lasts from a few seconds to a minute is not a major cause for concern.

Acute abdominal pains most often occur in surgical pathology and are characterized by pronounced intensity, sudden onset, spread throughout the abdomen or in various parts of the abdomen, can be constant, cramping, give to the shoulder and back, chest, etc. There are also nausea, vomiting, weakness, chills, palpitations, as well as protective tension of the abdominal wall – local or diffuse.Such symptoms occur in acute appendicitis, acute peritonitis, perforated stomach and duodenal ulcer, acute cholecystitis and pancreatitis, acute intestinal obstruction, as well as acute inflammation of the appendages, etc.

Naturally, in such situations, in no case should you self-medicate, drink painkillers or use a heating pad! These cases require emergency medical attention! Before the arrival of the ambulance team, it is better to be in a prone position, you can use cold on the stomach (ice from the refrigerator, wrapped in a bag, a bottle of ice water), which will reduce pain and slow down the inflammation process.Apply cold on the stomach for 15 minutes, replacing it, as needed, before the arrival of the doctor. Also, you can not drink and eat, as this can blur the picture of the disease, worsen the course and provoke complications in the event of surgery.

Chronic or recurrent abdominal pain is less intense, without indications for immediate surgery. In classical cases, there is a correspondence between the localization of pain and the affected organ.

Pain in the upper third of the abdomen on the right is most often observed in diseases of the gallbladder and biliary tract, duodenum, pancreas, and right kidney.

In the upper abdomen in the center (in the epigastric region), pain associated with diseases of the stomach, lungs, even myocardial infarction, as well as with an enlarged liver, can be localized.

Pain in the epigastric region on the left occurs with damage to the stomach, pancreas, enlarged spleen, diseases of the colon, left kidney, and also with hernia of the esophageal opening of the diaphragm.

In the umbilical region, most often there are pains caused by a disease of the small intestine, damage to the vessels that feed the intestines.

The appearance of pain in the lower abdomen above the pubis can be associated with inflammation of the bladder, in men – problems with the prostate, and in women – with the uterus or ovaries.