What are the primary uses of Cortisone (Cortone Acetate). How does it affect the body. What are the potential side effects and interactions. When should you avoid using Cortisone. How to properly administer and manage Cortisone treatment.

Understanding Cortisone (Cortone Acetate) and Its Medical Applications

Cortisone, also known by its brand name Cortone Acetate, is a corticosteroid medication used to treat a wide range of conditions. It works by suppressing the immune system and reducing inflammation in the body. This powerful drug is prescribed for various ailments, from allergic reactions to autoimmune disorders.

Primary Uses of Cortisone

Cortisone is utilized in the treatment of numerous medical conditions, including:

• Adrenal insufficiency
• Allergic rhinitis
• Anaphylaxis
• Ankylosing spondylitis
• Atopic dermatitis
• Bursitis
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Psoriasis
• Ulcerative colitis
• Systemic lupus erythematosus
• Asthma

Is cortisone effective for all these conditions? While cortisone has shown efficacy in treating many of these ailments, its effectiveness can vary depending on the individual and the specific condition being treated. It’s crucial to consult with a healthcare professional to determine if cortisone is the right treatment option for your particular case.

Mechanism of Action: How Cortisone Works in the Body

Cortisone belongs to a class of drugs called corticosteroids, which mimic the effects of hormones naturally produced by the adrenal glands. When introduced into the body, cortisone suppresses the immune system’s response and reduces inflammation.

How does cortisone achieve its anti-inflammatory effects? Cortisone works by binding to specific receptors in cells, which then alters the expression of genes involved in the inflammatory process. This results in a decrease in the production of inflammatory substances and an increase in anti-inflammatory proteins.

Cellular and Molecular Effects

At a molecular level, cortisone influences various cellular processes:

1. Inhibits the production of inflammatory mediators
2. Reduces the migration of immune cells to sites of inflammation
3. Stabilizes cell membranes, reducing fluid leakage and swelling
4. Decreases the production of prostaglandins and leukotrienes
5. Suppresses the activity of T-cells and other immune system components

These actions collectively contribute to the potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects of cortisone, making it a valuable tool in treating a wide array of conditions characterized by excessive inflammation or immune system overactivity.

Potential Side Effects and Risks Associated with Cortisone Use

While cortisone can be highly effective in treating various conditions, it’s not without potential side effects. Understanding these risks is crucial for patients and healthcare providers alike.

Common Side Effects

What are the most frequently reported side effects of cortisone? Common side effects include:

• High blood pressure
• Muscle pain or weakness
• Sleep disturbances (insomnia)
• Mood changes
• Thinning skin, bruising, or discoloration
• Increased sweating
• Headache and dizziness
• Stomach pain and bloating
• Slow wound healing

Serious Side Effects Requiring Immediate Medical Attention

In some cases, cortisone can cause more severe side effects that require immediate medical intervention. These include:

• Signs of allergic reaction (hives, difficulty breathing, swelling of face, lips, tongue, or throat)
• Vision problems (blurred vision, eye pain, seeing halos around lights)
• Rapid weight gain or swelling
• Severe mood changes or unusual behavior
• Skin lesions
• Severe joint pain
• Symptoms of stomach bleeding (bloody or tarry stools, coughing up blood)
• Signs of pancreatitis (severe upper stomach pain, nausea, vomiting)
• Low potassium symptoms (leg cramps, irregular heartbeats, increased thirst or urination)

Can long-term use of cortisone lead to additional health concerns? Yes, prolonged use of cortisone can potentially cause more serious health issues, including:

• Osteoporosis
• Increased risk of infections
• Adrenal suppression
• Diabetes or worsening of existing diabetes
• Cataracts or glaucoma
• Delayed growth in children

It’s essential to work closely with your healthcare provider to monitor for these potential long-term effects and adjust treatment as necessary.

Contraindications and Precautions: When to Avoid Cortisone

Despite its therapeutic benefits, cortisone is not suitable for everyone. There are certain situations and conditions where its use may be contraindicated or require special precautions.

Absolute Contraindications

When should cortisone never be used? Cortisone is absolutely contraindicated in the following situations:

• Known allergy to cortisone or other corticosteroids
• Active, untreated fungal infections
• Live virus vaccinations (while on high-dose cortisone)

Relative Contraindications and Precautions

In some cases, cortisone may be used with caution and close monitoring. These situations include:

• Active or latent tuberculosis
• Herpes simplex of the eye
• Recent intestinal surgery or ulcerative conditions
• Liver disease
• Kidney disease
• Thyroid disorders
• Osteoporosis
• Myasthenia gravis
• Glaucoma or cataracts
• Depression or other mental health conditions
• Heart failure
• Hypertension
• Diabetes
• Pregnancy and breastfeeding

How should healthcare providers approach cortisone use in these situations? In these cases, the potential benefits of cortisone treatment must be carefully weighed against the risks. Close monitoring and potential dose adjustments may be necessary to minimize adverse effects while still achieving therapeutic goals.

Drug Interactions: Understanding Cortisone’s Impact on Other Medications

Cortisone can interact with various medications, potentially altering their effectiveness or increasing the risk of side effects. It’s crucial for patients and healthcare providers to be aware of these potential interactions.

Common Drug Interactions

Which medications are most likely to interact with cortisone? Some common interactions include:

• Anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin): Cortisone may decrease their effectiveness
• NSAIDs (e.g., ibuprofen, naproxen): Increased risk of gastrointestinal side effects
• Antidiabetic medications: Cortisone may increase blood sugar levels
• Antihypertensive drugs: Cortisone may decrease their effectiveness
• Antifungal medications (e.g., ketoconazole): May increase cortisone levels in the body
• Certain antibiotics (e.g., rifampin): May decrease cortisone effectiveness
• Vaccines: High-dose cortisone may reduce vaccine efficacy

How can these interactions be managed? Healthcare providers may need to adjust dosages, monitor patients more closely, or choose alternative medications to minimize the risk of adverse interactions. It’s essential for patients to inform their healthcare providers about all medications, supplements, and herbal products they are taking.

Lifestyle Interactions

Are there any lifestyle factors that can interact with cortisone treatment? Yes, certain lifestyle choices can affect cortisone’s effectiveness and safety:

• Alcohol consumption: May increase the risk of gastrointestinal side effects
• Smoking: Can reduce the effectiveness of cortisone in treating respiratory conditions
• Grapefruit juice: May increase cortisone levels in the body
• High-sodium diets: Can exacerbate fluid retention and hypertension

Patients should discuss these factors with their healthcare providers and make appropriate lifestyle modifications to optimize their treatment outcomes.

Proper Administration and Dosage Guidelines for Cortisone

Correct administration of cortisone is crucial for achieving optimal therapeutic effects while minimizing the risk of side effects. Dosage and administration methods can vary depending on the specific condition being treated and individual patient factors.

Routes of Administration

How is cortisone typically administered? Cortisone can be given through various routes, including:

• Oral tablets or liquid
• Intramuscular injection
• Intravenous injection
• Topical creams or ointments
• Intra-articular injection (directly into joints)

The choice of administration route depends on the condition being treated, the severity of symptoms, and the desired onset and duration of action.

Dosage Guidelines

What factors influence cortisone dosage? Dosing is highly individualized and depends on several factors:

• The specific condition being treated
• The severity of symptoms
• The patient’s age, weight, and overall health status
• Potential drug interactions
• The patient’s response to treatment

Typically, healthcare providers aim to use the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration possible to minimize the risk of side effects. Dosages may be adjusted over time based on the patient’s response and any side effects experienced.

Tapering and Discontinuation

Is it safe to stop cortisone treatment abruptly? No, abrupt discontinuation of cortisone, especially after long-term use, can lead to adrenal insufficiency and other withdrawal symptoms. Healthcare providers typically implement a tapering schedule to gradually reduce the dose over time, allowing the body’s natural cortisol production to recover.

A typical tapering schedule might involve reducing the dose by 10-20% every 1-2 weeks, but this can vary based on individual circumstances. Patients should never attempt to discontinue or adjust their cortisone dosage without consulting their healthcare provider.

Managing Long-Term Cortisone Therapy: Monitoring and Mitigating Risks

Long-term use of cortisone requires careful management to minimize potential risks and ensure ongoing treatment effectiveness. Both healthcare providers and patients play crucial roles in this process.

Regular Monitoring

What aspects of health should be monitored during long-term cortisone therapy? Healthcare providers typically monitor:

• Blood pressure
• Blood glucose levels
• Bone density
• Electrolyte levels (especially potassium)
• Eye health (for glaucoma and cataracts)
• Growth in children
• Mental health status
• Signs of infection

Regular check-ups and laboratory tests are essential to detect any developing issues early and adjust treatment as needed.

Risk Mitigation Strategies

How can the risks associated with long-term cortisone use be minimized? Several strategies can be employed:

• Use of the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration possible
• Implementing “steroid-sparing” agents when appropriate
• Calcium and vitamin D supplementation to protect bone health
• Regular exercise to maintain muscle strength and bone density
• Maintaining a healthy diet low in sodium and rich in potassium
• Avoiding or limiting alcohol consumption
• Practicing good infection prevention measures
• Regular mental health check-ins

Can alternative treatments be used to reduce reliance on cortisone? In some cases, yes. Healthcare providers may explore other treatment options, such as disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) for rheumatoid arthritis or biologics for certain autoimmune conditions, to reduce the need for long-term cortisone use.

Patient Education and Self-Management

What role do patients play in managing long-term cortisone therapy? Patient education and active participation in self-management are crucial. This includes:

• Understanding the importance of adhering to the prescribed dosage and schedule
• Recognizing and reporting potential side effects promptly
• Maintaining open communication with healthcare providers
• Keeping track of symptoms and treatment response
• Carrying a steroid card or medical alert bracelet
• Planning for stress situations that may require dose adjustments

By actively engaging in their treatment plan and working closely with their healthcare team, patients can help ensure the safe and effective use of cortisone over the long term.

Cortisone (Cortone Acetate) – Side Effects, Interactions, Uses, Dosage, Warnings

uses

What is Cortisone (Cortone Acetate) used for?

• Adrenal Insufficiency
• Allergic Rhinitis
• Anaphylaxis
• Ankylosing Spondylitis
• Atopic Dermatitis
• Bursitis
• Dermatitis Herpetiformis
• Idiopathic (Immune) Thrombocytopenic Purpura
• Loeffler’s Syndrome
• Nephrotic Syndrome
• Osteoarthritis
• Psoriasis
• Rheumatoid Arthritis
• Sarcoidosis
• Seborrheic Dermatitis
• Shock
• Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
• Ulcerative Colitis — Active
• Uveitis
• Anemia
• Asthma
• Iritis
• Gouty Arthritis
• Hemolytic Anemia
• Cardiogenic Shock
• G-6-PD Deficiency
• Pulmonary Impairment
• Tuberculous Meningitis
• Collagen Vascular Disease
• Thalassemia
• Keratitis
• Adrenogenital Syndrome
• Conjunctivitis
• Visual Defect/Disturbance
• Sepsis
• Sickle Cell Anemia
• Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
• Infectious Posterior Uveitis
• Hemoglobinopathy
• Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
• Herpes Simplex Iridocyclitis
• Herpes Zoster Iridocyclitis
• Adrenal Tuberculosis
• Allergic Asthma
• Autoimmune Disorder
• Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
• Infectious Anterior Uveitis
• Bone Marrow Depression/Low Blood Counts
• Pemphigus
• Felty’s Syndrome
• Psoriatic Arthropathy
• Rheumatoid Lung
• Adrenal Hemorrhage
• Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome
• Syphilitic Uveitis
• Uveitis (Anterior)
• Panuveitis
• Uveitis (Posterior)
• Lymphoma
• Psoriatic Arthritis
• Dermatomyositis
• Epicondylitis
• Iridocyclitis
• Chorioretinitis
• Choroiditis
• Erythroblastopenia
• Berylliosis
• Serum Sickness
• Erythema Multiforme

warnings

What is the most important information I should know about Cortisone (Cortone Acetate)?

You should not use cortisone if you are allergic to it, or if you have a fungal infection anywhere in your body.

Steroids can weaken your immune system, making it easier for you to get an infection or worsening an infection you already have. Tell your doctor about any illness or infection you had within the past several weeks, especially:

• tuberculosis;
• herpes infection of the eyes; or
• a parasite infection that causes diarrhea (such as threadworms).

Tell your doctor if you have ever had:

• cirrhosis or other liver disease;
• kidney disease;
• a thyroid disorder;
• osteoporosis;
• a muscle disorder such as myasthenia gravis;
• glaucoma or cataracts;
• stomach ulcers, ulcerative colitis, or diverticulitis;
• depression or mental illness;
• congestive heart failure; or
• high blood pressure.

Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.

Side Effects

What are the side effects of Cortisone (Cortone Acetate)?

Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat.

Call your doctor at once if you have:

• blurred vision, eye pain or redness, seeing halos around lights;
• swelling, rapid weight gain, feeling short of breath;
• unusual changes in mood or behavior;
• skin lesions;
• sudden unusual pain in a bone or joint;
• severe headaches, ringing in your ears, pain behind your eyes;
• stomach bleeding–bloody or tarry stools, coughing up blood or vomit that looks like coffee grounds;
• pancreatitis–severe pain in your upper stomach spreading to your back, nausea and vomiting; or
• low blood potassium–leg cramps, constipation, irregular heartbeats, fluttering in your chest, increased thirst or urination, numbness or tingling, muscle weakness or limp feeling.

Cortisone can affect growth in children. Tell your doctor if your child is not growing at a normal rate.

Common side effects may include:

• high blood pressure;
• muscle pain or weakness;
• sleep problems (insomnia), mood changes;
• thinning skin, bruising or discoloration;
• increased sweating;
• headache, dizziness, spinning sensation;
• stomach pain, bloating; or
• slow wound healing.

This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

Pregnancy & Breastfeeding

Can I take Cortisone (Cortone Acetate) if I’m pregnant or breastfeeding?

Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.

Interactions

What drugs and food should I avoid while taking Cortisone (Cortone Acetate)?

Ask your doctor before receiving a vaccine. The vaccine may not work as well while you are using cortisone.

Avoid being near people who are sick or have infections. Call your doctor for preventive treatment if you are exposed to chickenpox or measles. These conditions can be serious or even fatal in people who are using cortisone.

Avoid drinking alcohol.

Dosage Guidelines & Tips

How to take Cortisone (Cortone Acetate)?

Use Cortisone (Cortone Acetate) exactly as directed on the label, or as prescribed by your doctor. Do not use in larger or smaller amounts or for longer than recommended.

What should I do if I missed a dose of Cortisone (Cortone Acetate)?

Take the medicine as soon as you can, but skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next dose. Do not take two doses at one time.

Overdose Signs

What happens if I overdose on Cortisone (Cortone Acetate)?

High doses or long-term use of steroid medicine can lead to thinning skin, easy bruising, changes in body fat (especially in your face, neck, back, and waist), increased acne or facial hair, menstrual problems, impotence, or loss of interest in sex.

If you think you or someone else may have overdosed on: Cortisone (Cortone Acetate),  call your doctor or the Poison Control center

(800) 222-1222

If someone collapses or isn’t breathing after taking Cortisone (Cortone Acetate), call 911

911

What to Expect

The length of time you take cortisone will depend on your condition and your response to treatment.

If you take cortisone for a long time, you may be more likely to develop an infection. Be sure to wash your hands often and report any unusual symptoms to your healthcare provider.

Don’t stop taking cortisone suddenly without talking to your doctor.

Secondary Uses

Cortisone may be used for many other medical conditions that aren’t listed in this guide. For instance, cortisone is sometimes used to treat nausea and vomiting in people who receive chemotherapy or to stimulate appetite in certain patients.

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Allergic-type reactions to corticosteroids – PubMed

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Review

. 1999 Apr;33(4):451-60.

doi: 10.1345/aph.18276.

G L Kamm 
¹
, K O Hagmeyer

Affiliations

Affiliation

• ¹ College of Pharmacy, University of Toledo, OH 43606, USA. [email protected]

• PMID:

  10332537

• DOI:

  10.1345/aph.18276

Review

G L Kamm et al.

Ann Pharmacother.

1999 Apr.

. 1999 Apr;33(4):451-60.

doi: 10.1345/aph.18276.

Authors

G L Kamm 
¹
, K O Hagmeyer

Affiliation

• ¹ College of Pharmacy, University of Toledo, OH 43606, USA. [email protected]

• PMID:

  10332537

• DOI:

  10.1345/aph.18276

Abstract

Objective:

To review reported cases of suspected allergic reactions to various corticosteroids.

Data sources:

A MEDLINE search (January 1966-December 1997) was performed to obtain case reports and review articles on allergic-type reactions to corticosteroids. Further references were obtained from these publications.

Study selection:

Reports involving allergic or allergic-type reactions to systemic administration of corticosteroids were chosen for this review. An allergic-type reaction was defined as any reaction after administration of the drug that involved the appearance of adverse symptoms that are characteristic of unwanted immune responses. These symptoms include rash, sneezing, dyspnea, edema, bronchospasm, or death. Articles were excluded from the evaluation if they described reactions to topical, intraarticular, or ophthalmic corticosteroid administration.

Data synthesis:

Corticosteroids are medications that are often used to treat allergic reactions. However, it appears that patients can also have allergic-type reactions to these agents. The severity of the reaction can vary from a rash to anaphylaxis or death. Both immediate and delayed reactions can occur. Allergic-type reactions are reported to occur more frequently in asthmatic and renal transplant patients than other patient populations. However, it is questionable whether all of these are true allergic responses, as there is conflicting evidence regarding the mechanism of the reaction. The most commonly implicated corticosteroids are methylprednisolone and hydrocortisone, but reactions have also occurred with others. Intradermal skin testing can help determine cross-sensitivity, although its value has not been conclusively demonstrated.

Conclusions:

Clinicians should be aware that allergic reactions to corticosteroids are possible. Worsening of symptoms may not always mean treatment failure, but may indicate an allergic reaction. High doses of corticosteroids (> or = 500 mg) should be given over 30-60 minutes, and patients should be observed after administration for at least the same time period. Asthmatics, renal transplant patients, and hemodynamically unstable patients may be at higher risk for adverse events. If a patient is found to be allergic to one corticosteroid, intradermal skin testing may help identify another corticosteroid that can be tolerated.

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antihistamines and cortisone, how to use them correctly

However, antihistamines and cortisone are drugs with a certain degree of invasiveness.

As a result, they can be harmful, both directly and through side effects, if used incorrectly.

How do antihistamines work?

Antihistamines are drugs used to treat allergy symptoms by counteracting the action of histamine receptors, a substance released by immune system cells when the body comes into contact with common allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and food.

Antihistamines, taken as nasal sprays, eye drops, capsules, tablets, and creams, are ideal for controlling common reactions such as itching, swelling, runny nose, nasal congestion, sneezing, watery eyes, and hives.

How do corticosteroids work?

Cortisone drugs are drugs used for anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive treatment of allergy symptoms.

These drugs modify the body’s response to immune stimuli, taking effect within a short time, and are therefore suitable for acute allergy attacks. The physician must carefully evaluate the benefit / risk ratio in relation to undesirable effects.

Antihistamines and Cortisone Side Effects

Antihistamines and corticosteroids should always be taken in the order and dosage recommended by your doctor to minimize side effects.

First generation antihistamines (currently used mainly in hospitals) have several side effects such as:

• drowsiness and decreased alertness and concentration
• insomnia, nervousness, anxiety
• increased appetite, urinary retention, constipation.

In contrast, second-generation antihistamines are less active on the central nervous system and have almost no side effects, but their use is associated with an increased risk of cardiac arrhythmias.

On the other hand, the undesirable effects of corticosteroids are mainly associated with their use, since over time they can cause:

• acne, redness and skin changes
• weight gain and edema due to water retention
• hyperglycemia and high blood pressure
• osteoporosis and muscle weakness.

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why it occurs and how to deal with it

• Home
• All about allergies
• Allergy manifestations
• Nervous allergy: why it occurs and how to deal with it

Contents

Allergy and nerves – where is the connection?

When the body is not coping with stress, it signals you about it in a certain way. At first, it may be an inability to wake up quickly in the morning, brittle hair, or skin problems in the form of excessive dryness or rashes. Further, if the level of stress is not reduced, bodily problems may increase. It has long been known that a number of diseases can arise from nerves. But the fact that among them there may be an allergy, researchers began to talk relatively recently.

So, prolonged stress can lead to excessive work of the adrenal glands. After all, the adrenaline produced by them during stress can remain in the body for about 4 weeks. One of the most effective ways to get rid of it faster is to switch to physical activity. For example, perform a series of physical exercises. However, for example, children tend to release excess adrenaline through crying.

Interestingly, when we drink coffee (caffeine), the adrenal glands also release adrenaline. But if you constantly stimulate the release of adrenaline in this way, the body will quickly get tired.

Signs of exhaustion can be:

fatigue,

fear,

anxiety,

depression, 90 007

memory loss,

difficulty concentrating,

insomnia, etc. d.

Excessive nervous tension also affects the susceptibility to infections and the functioning of the immune system. In particular, it stimulates the occurrence of autoimmune diseases, which include allergies. It also promotes cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, immune aging, and increases allergic reactions.

According to various sources, up to 75% of all doctor’s office visits are related to stress.

Stress can also cause persistent increases in sympathetic nervous system activity, including increases in blood pressure, heart rate, and catecholamine secretion, and platelet aggregation, which may, at least in part, explain the known association between stress, immune changes, and cardiovascular disease. vascular diseases.

Clinical observations confirm the adverse effect of psychological stress on the course of the disease in allergic patients and are supported by studies. Including – Ukrainian scientists who showed the connection between anxiety, the general psychotype of the personality and the course of seasonal allergic rhinitis.

Asthma and atopic dermatitis also come from nerves

Foreign studies have shown that the impact of difficult life events, lack of support or constant criticism against the background of a current mood disorder are associated with an increase in the frequency of visits to doctors about asthma exacerbations. And its development in childhood is preceded by behavioral disorders and the life of the baby against the backdrop of family conflicts.

In general, allergic reactions are caused by:

family history,

environmental influences,

as well as factors such as maternal diet,

reproductive physiology and conditions in which the child was born.

Also important:

Duration of breastfeeding,

Nutritional habits of the child 0006 physical activity

Psychological stress.

Asthma is often referred to as “nervous asthma” in earlier studies. And in the early descriptions of atopic dermatitis, this condition was called nothing more than “neurodermatitis” . Because of the belief that the itching and scratching associated with a rash is primarily related to “nerves” and emotions. Today we simply speak of such conditions: “allergy from the nerves.”

Studies have shown that chronic psychosocial stress associated with Th2 / Th3 imbalance to Th3 predominance can exacerbate allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis and asthma.

Patients with atopic dermatitis are known to experience more severe symptoms of the disease in case of nervous tension. Patients with allergic rhinitis are more susceptible to upper respiratory tract infections during periods of high psychological stress. And their manifestations of the disease are more pronounced. And asthma patients who experience high levels of stress worsen common symptoms of the disease, such as coughing, wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and sometimes chest pain.

For example, a study of 20 students with asthma showed an increase in the number of eosinophils in their sputum just before exams. Also during this period, compared with the mid-semester, there were significantly higher levels of eosinophils in the blood, which could also provoke an exacerbation of asthma.

Nervous allergy: how science explains it

Triggering the stress mechanism leads to activation of the pituitary-adrenal axis. Their interaction begins with the secretion of a hormone that releases corticotropin, which, in turn, induces the secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from the anterior pituitary gland. This hormone activates the secretion of corticosteroids by the adrenal cortex. At the same time, catecholamines are synthesized by the adrenal medulla, in the sympathetic nervous system and in the brain. In particular, adrenaline and norepinephrine. Catecholamines and corticoids (GCS) suppress the production of interleukin 12 (IL-12) by antigen-presenting cells. This substance stimulates the transition of primary T-lymphocytes to Th2-lymphocytes. Accordingly, when this substance is less, the synthesis of Th3 lymphocytes associated with the development of an allergic reaction increases. GCS can also have a direct effect. In short, as a result of numerous processes, reactions mediated by Th3 cells begin to predominate. And they, in turn, contribute to the formation of an allergic response to external stimuli in a susceptible person.

On the other hand, nerve problems can also lead to so-called pseudo-allergic reactions. That is, if you, while under stress, undergo skin or molecular allergy testing, then your reactions to a particular allergen will most likely be determined as negative. But at the same time, all physical manifestations will indicate an allergy. In this case, skin manifestations may appear on the hands, face and other parts of the body. There is a runny nose and symptoms from the gastrointestinal tract.

In fact, such a reaction may be a sign of a panic attack, or as it is also called “emotional tsunami” . This is, in fact, the switching of the body’s forces from an internal struggle with a situation that it regards as threatening, to the production of physical symptoms.

This position activates the hormone cortisol, which prepares the body to deal with stress.

Person may feel:

difficult breathing,

chest pain,

sweating,

palpitations,

dizziness,

weakness,

trembling,

nausea,

tingling in the chest.

Anything can provoke a panic attack: an unpleasant meeting, winning the lottery, general stress.

In addition, some people may experience these conditions more than others. This is especially true for those who already have the same problem or had someone in the family.

Reaction to stress is useful in the short term (it allows you to survive a difficult situation). But if the stress response is activated repeatedly, over time it can lead to depression, anxiety, high blood pressure, diabetes, heart disease, heartburn, and many other health problems, including the already mentioned worsening of allergy symptoms.

Symptoms of stress and allergies

The main signs of stress are:

Palpitations

Acne

Psoriasis and rosacea

Urticaria or rash

brittle nails

hair loss

sweating.

Whereas the main signs of allergy include:

runny nose,

conjunctivitis,

body rash,

hives,

breathing or digestive problems,

Feeling of irritation in the mouth and throat,

Rapid heartbeat.

That is, quite often, individual symptoms of nervous excitement and allergies can be duplicated.

With regard to the time of onset of symptoms, the reaction may occur immediately – within a few minutes or two hours, or may occur with a delay.

So, stress can exacerbate allergy symptoms. Allergic rash in adults can appear anywhere. Nerve rashes may appear on the arms, face, abdomen, or shoulders, and hives may cover a large area and cause additional discomfort.

In particular, urticaria may occur. Such a rash, which occurs as a result of stress, can be characterized by large patches that can coalesce to form entire islands. Nervous urticaria often has a bright pink color with dark edges and is characterized by intense itching.

In some cases, an anaphylactic reaction may develop , which is life-threatening and requires the immediate administration of adrenaline.

How to calm your nerves

Panic attacks are well helped by slow breathing exercises and meditation.

Psychotherapy and drugs are also tools to help manage anxiety. A positive effect on the nervous system also has the use of more vitamins and minerals , especially magnesium.

Antioxidants such as vitamins C and E will also be useful. Studies have shown that they can reduce the immunoregulatory imbalance that occurs in people under stress.

Nutrients for healthy nerves can be found in pumpkin seeds and green leafy vegetables.

Good sleep, rest and physical activity , such as running, also help to fight stress.

Studies show that relaxation therapy has a positive effect on the course of asthma, and psychotherapy can reduce the number of asthma exacerbations and lead to the restoration of a more normal Th2 / Th3 balance.

Physiological interventions for allergic diseases include various forms of exercise as well as alternative medicine methods. They may, at least in part, work through their effect on your body’s stress response.

The exercise program is well tolerated by children with mild to moderate asthma and improves aerobic fitness.

There is also evidence that stress pharmacological interventions (mainly psychoactive drugs and antidepressants) may have a therapeutic role in asthma by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, inducing the production of anti-inflammatory molecules, and/or preventing these inflammatory molecules from acting on the brain. And anxiolytic drugs may improve the quality of asthma management in people with anxiety.

However, to be effective, the treatment of nervous tension in allergic patients must be comprehensive. Moreover, there is evidence that improving the course of allergies can also lead to relief of symptoms from the nervous system.

In the treatment of allergies, urticaria nervosa, the main principles are to identify the allergens that trigger the reaction, and their further avoidance or minimization of exposure. For seasonal or household allergies, allergen immunotherapy can be an effective treatment. It can be administered orally or by subcutaneous injection.

Antihistamines and corticosteroids can help relieve symptoms of allergies.

Information sources:

1. https://stylecaster.com/beauty/panic-attack-signs/
2. https://www.healthline.com/health/signs-of-stress
3. https://www. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3264048/
4. https://www.avogel.co.uk/health/allergic-rhinitis/can-anxiety-cause-allergy-attacks/
5. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/08/080814154327.htm
6. https://www.webmd.com/allergies/features/stress-and-allergies
7. https://amp.theatlantic.com/amp/article/593572
8. https://www.health.harvard.edu/diseases-and-conditions/is-stress-making-your-allergy-symptoms-worse
9. https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ja/2010/491928/
10. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6483074/
11. https://ctajournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186
12. https://www.allergylink.co.uk/how-is-stress-related-to-allergy-symptoms.html

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