What are the most effective treatments for rotator cuff injuries. How can you accelerate recovery from a rotator cuff injury. When is surgery necessary for a rotator cuff tear. What role does physical therapy play in rotator cuff rehabilitation.

Understanding Rotator Cuff Injuries: Causes and Symptoms

The rotator cuff is a crucial group of muscles and tendons surrounding the shoulder joint, providing stability and enabling a wide range of motion. Despite its importance, this area is prone to injury, especially due to repetitive overhead movements in sports or work-related activities. Recognizing the symptoms of a rotator cuff injury is essential for timely treatment and prevention of further damage.

Common Causes of Rotator Cuff Injuries

• Repetitive overhead motions
• Sudden trauma or falls
• Age-related degeneration
• Poor posture and muscle imbalances
• Occupational stress

Are you experiencing persistent shoulder pain or limited range of motion? These could be signs of a rotator cuff injury. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for optimal recovery and preventing chronic shoulder problems.

Immobilization and Rest: The First Step in Recovery

One of the initial and most crucial steps in treating a rotator cuff injury is immobilization and rest. This approach allows the injured tissues to begin the healing process without further stress or damage. An arm sling is often recommended to support the arm and take pressure off the rotator cuff.

Benefits of Using an Arm Sling

1. Reduces strain on the injured shoulder
2. Promotes healing by limiting movement
3. Provides comfort and pain relief
4. Prevents further injury during daily activities

How long should you use an arm sling for a rotator cuff injury? The duration varies depending on the severity of the injury, but typically ranges from a few days to several weeks. It’s essential to follow your healthcare provider’s recommendations to ensure proper healing without causing muscle atrophy from prolonged immobilization.

The Power of Physical Therapy in Rotator Cuff Rehabilitation

Physical therapy plays a pivotal role in the recovery process for rotator cuff injuries. A well-designed physical therapy program can help restore strength, flexibility, and range of motion to the injured shoulder. It’s often considered one of the most effective non-surgical treatments for rotator cuff injuries.

Key Components of Physical Therapy for Rotator Cuff Injuries

• Stretching exercises to improve flexibility
• Strengthening exercises for the rotator cuff and surrounding muscles
• Range of motion exercises to restore mobility
• Posture correction techniques
• Manual therapy to reduce pain and improve joint function

Can physical therapy alone heal a rotator cuff tear? While minor tears may respond well to physical therapy, more severe injuries might require additional treatments or surgery. However, physical therapy is often an essential component of the recovery process, regardless of the treatment approach.

Activity Modification: Protecting Your Shoulder During Recovery

Modifying your daily activities is crucial for allowing your rotator cuff to heal properly. This may involve temporarily avoiding certain movements or changing how you perform routine tasks to reduce strain on the injured shoulder.

Tips for Activity Modification

1. Avoid reaching overhead or behind your back
2. Use your uninjured arm for light tasks when possible
3. Adjust your workspace ergonomics to reduce shoulder strain
4. Take frequent breaks during activities that involve shoulder use
5. Use assistive devices to reach items without straining

How can you maintain fitness while recovering from a rotator cuff injury? Focus on lower body exercises and core strengthening that don’t involve the injured shoulder. Swimming (once approved by your doctor) and gentle walking can also help maintain cardiovascular fitness without stressing the rotator cuff.

Steroid Injections: A Powerful Tool for Pain Relief

When conservative treatments don’t provide sufficient pain relief, corticosteroid injections can be an effective option. These injections deliver potent anti-inflammatory medication directly to the injured area, reducing pain and inflammation to facilitate healing and improve function.

Understanding Corticosteroid Injections

• Quick-acting pain relief
• Reduction of inflammation in the shoulder joint
• Improved range of motion
• Potential to delay or avoid surgery in some cases

How often can you receive steroid injections for a rotator cuff injury? While effective, these injections are typically limited to a few times per year to avoid potential side effects. Your healthcare provider will determine the appropriate frequency based on your individual case and response to treatment.

The Role of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Medications

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly prescribed to manage pain and reduce inflammation associated with rotator cuff injuries. These medications can be an effective part of a comprehensive treatment plan, especially in the early stages of recovery.

Common NSAIDs Used for Rotator Cuff Injuries

1. Ibuprofen
2. Naproxen
3. Celecoxib
4. Meloxicam

Are NSAIDs safe for long-term use in treating rotator cuff injuries? While these medications can be effective, long-term use should be monitored by a healthcare professional due to potential side effects. It’s important to use them as directed and explore other treatment options for long-term management of rotator cuff injuries.

Emerging Treatment: Stem Cell Therapy for Rotator Cuff Healing

Stem cell therapy is an innovative treatment option gaining attention for its potential to promote natural healing in rotator cuff injuries. This approach involves using the body’s own stem cells to stimulate tissue repair and regeneration, offering a promising alternative to traditional treatments.

Benefits of Stem Cell Therapy

• Promotes natural tissue regeneration
• Minimal recovery time
• Potential to avoid surgery in some cases
• May improve long-term outcomes

How effective is stem cell therapy for rotator cuff injuries? While research is ongoing, early studies show promising results in terms of pain reduction and improved function. However, it’s important to note that this treatment may not be suitable for all types of rotator cuff injuries, and its effectiveness can vary among individuals.

Surgical Options: When Conservative Treatments Aren’t Enough

In cases where conservative treatments fail to provide relief or for severe rotator cuff tears, surgery may be necessary. Advances in surgical techniques, particularly minimally invasive arthroscopic procedures, have improved outcomes and reduced recovery times for many patients.

Types of Rotator Cuff Surgery

1. Arthroscopic repair
2. Mini-open repair
3. Open surgical repair
4. Tendon transfer
5. Shoulder replacement (in severe cases)

What is the recovery time after rotator cuff surgery? Recovery timelines can vary significantly depending on the type of surgery and individual factors. Generally, patients can expect a recovery period of 4-6 months, with full recovery potentially taking up to a year. Physical therapy is crucial during the post-surgical recovery phase to regain strength and mobility.

Rotator cuff injuries can be challenging, but with proper diagnosis and a comprehensive treatment approach, most individuals can expect significant improvement in pain and function. Whether through conservative methods like rest, physical therapy, and medication, or more advanced treatments like stem cell therapy or surgery, the goal is to restore shoulder function and enable a return to normal activities. It’s crucial to work closely with healthcare providers to develop a personalized treatment plan that addresses your specific needs and goals.

Remember, early intervention is key in managing rotator cuff injuries. If you’re experiencing persistent shoulder pain or limited range of motion, don’t hesitate to seek medical attention. With the right approach, you can overcome a rotator cuff injury and regain the full use of your shoulder, allowing you to return to your favorite activities pain-free.

Orthopedic Surgery, Arthroscopy, & Sports Medicine

6 Effective Treatments for a Rotator Cuff Injury: Orthopaedic Institute of Henderson: Orthopedic Surgery, Arthroscopy, & Sports Medicine

The rotator cuff is a group of muscles and the tendons that surround your shoulder joint and stabilize your upper arm bone in your shoulder socket. The shoulder is one of your most flexible joints and has a full range of motion thanks to the rotator cuff, but it’s also prone to injury. 

If you injure one of your rotator cuffs, our specialists at the Orthopedic Institute of Henderson begin treatment conservatively. We offer customized treatment plans based on your rotator cuff injury, activity level, age, and general health. 

You can also rely on our vast experience and expertise in performing minimally invasive arthroscopic rotator cuff repairs if you ever need surgery.

The muscles in your rotator cuff are typically active all the time. Stress on the shoulder worsens if you engage in repetitive overhead movements in sports or at work. It’s important to treat a rotator cuff injury as quickly as possible. 

Best ways to treat rotator cuff injuries

We offer many effective treatment options, depending on the severity of your injury and other factors. Here are six such treatment options.

Immobilization or rest

Using an arm sling to rest or immobilize your shoulder joint supports your arm while taking the pressure off your rotator cuff. Resting the soft connective tissues of your shoulder joint can relieve pain and promote healing. 

Limiting activities in which you reach overhead also reduces discomfort and encourages healing.

Physical therapy

Physical therapy for a rotator cuff injury can help restore strength and movement to your shoulder. Specific exercises help you ease the pain and recover flexibility. Simple stretching and other activities can get you back to your regular routine.  

If you want to avoid surgery, physical therapy may be one of your best options. 

Avoid some activities

Taking a break from activities or changing your routine can help some mild rotator cuff injuries get started on the natural healing processes required to relieve pain and return to normal function. 

For instance, changing how you use your computer or sit at your desk at work can alleviate shoulder strain that could compromise your rotator cuff.

Steroid injections

We may recommend steroid injections if conservative treatment methods aren’t providing pain relief. Injections are helpful if shoulder pain prevents you from completing normal daily tasks like getting dressed or brushing your teeth. 

Corticosteroids have potent anti-inflammatory properties that can help to reduce harmful inflammation. Injections guarantee that the drug is delivered directly to the joint tissues and absorbed where it’s most needed.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications

We might prescribe nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications to lessen inflammation inside the shoulder joint. Even though some inflammation is a normal part of healing, excessive inflammation can prevent rotator cuff healing.

Stem cell therapy

We offer stem cell therapy to generate new cells and stimulate your body’s natural healing response if you prefer natural treatments to improve healing and reduce ongoing pain. After you receive stem cell therapy, there’s no recovery period, so you can resume your normal activities immediately. 

At the Orthopaedic Institute of Henderson, stem cell therapy is a highly effective alternative to surgery for some of our patients.

When surgery is your best option

We may recommend surgery if your symptoms don’t disappear or you have a significant rotator cuff injury. You might also need surgical repair if you want to resume sports or a job requiring overhead motions.

In most cases, rotator cuff surgery entails removing damaged tissues, trimming soft tissues, and reattaching a tendon to the bone. We perform minimally invasive arthroscopic surgery to repair torn rotator cuffs whenever possible.

Schedule an examination at the Orthopaedic Institute of Henderson if you experience shoulder pain or restricted arm movement. Call our office in Henderson, Nevada, to schedule an appointment or request an appointment online.

Yes, You Can Still Work Out When You’re Recovering from an Injury

If you’re dealing with an injury, incorporating exercise into your routine can have many benefits. But it can be challenging to figure out how to exercise safely during the recovery period. Read more about the recovery process here.

3 Tips to Accelerate Healing After Suffering a Fracture

A broken bone can feel like a big setback. Thankfully, there are simple ways to speed up your recovery and get back on the move in no time. Keep reading to learn more about accelerating fracture healing so that you feel better fast.

Could My Knee Pain Be a Meniscus Tear?

If you have ongoing knee pain, it could indicate a serious condition like a meniscus tear. This injury can cause difficulty bending or extending the knee and swelling and stiffness in the joint. Read more here about the risks of a meniscus tear.

How Physical Therapy Can Minimize Your Need for Hip Surgery

Hip joint pain makes it hard to do everyday tasks. Physical therapy is part of a conservative treatment plan if you’re not ready for hip replacement surgery. You might prevent or postpone the need for hip replacement surgery with physical therapy.

Arm Slings and Shoulder Immobilisers

Whether you’ve had a serious injury, or you’re recovering from an operation or surgery, the choice of slings, immobilisers and supports can be overwhelming. With so much choice out there, how do you know which shape and style is right for you and your recovery?

We’ve contacted product experts and put together this simple guide to break down the minute differences between Arm Slings and Shoulder Immobilisers. We’ve also thrown in a few of our best sellers and favourites to help point you in the right direction.

What Exactly Does Our Guide Cover?

We understand that getting the right support following a break or injury can seem daunting. If you know what you’re looking for, simply click one of the quick links below to jump right in.

Alternatively, if you’d like more information, we’ve broken down each option below to give you the most information we can. Keep scrolling to view our top choices.

Expert Recommendations

• The Number One Arm Sling
• The Number One Shoulder Immobiliser
• The Best Shoulder Immobiliser for Rotator Cuff Injury
• The Best Shoulder Sling for Dislocation
• The Best Arm Sling for Chronic Shoulder Pain
• The Number Sling Option for Children
• The Best Sling for a Broken Wrist
• The Best Arm Sling for a Broken Collar Bone

Information Centre

• Arm Slings and Shoulder Immobilisers: What’s the Difference?
• When Is An Arm Sling the Best Option?
• When Is a Shoulder Immobiliser the Best Option? 
• Other Useful Pages

The Number One Arm Sling

Winner: Procare Blue Vogue Arm Sling

Features We Love:

✔ Multifunctional and ambidextrous sling for cradling arm and elbow
✔ Adjust cradle height seamlessly using simple strap system
✔ Deep envelope shields the arm for optimum cast protection

Perfect for. ..

✔ A broken arm or elbow
✔ The recovery process following forearm surgery

Not the Best for:

✗ Immobilisation of the shoulder (see our number one)
✗ Those requiring a waist strap (see our top choice)

Editor’s Verdict: With a generously deep envelope and an easily customisable strap system, the Procare Blue Vogue Arm Sling is tough to beat when it comes to versatility. Ideal for treating arm injuries, the shoulder straps are soft and comfortable and the innovative depth of the design prevents the sling migrating down the arm throughout the day.

We love it so much, we’ve even made a video about it.

Customer’s Verdict: “This provides stability and comfort. I have 3 broken bones in my arm and wrist. I am a petite 5’2” but I ordered the large and I find it perfect. I have adjusted the Velcro to fit and I can now slide my bulky cast into the sling, pop the wide strap over my head and reverse these steps to take off, so no need to keep adjusting. When the cast comes off and I need to wear a splint I will be able to fit long sleeve clothes into this larger size sling. Hope this helps.” – Jean  ★★★★★ 

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The Number One Shoulder Immobiliser

Winner: Procare Clinic Shoulder Immobiliser

Features We Love:

✔ Ambidextrous brace can be worn on either side
✔ Waist strap maximises shoulder immobilisation
✔ Reinforced pad at the neck reduces friction and irritation

Perfect for…

✔ Rotator cuff tear
✔ Frozen shoulder and arthritis

Not the Best for:

✗ Broken arm (see our top choice)
✗ Broken collar bone (see our number one)

Editor’s Verdict: Any immobiliser worth it’s salt will feature a waist or chest band to maximise immobilisation of the shoulder. The Procare Clinic Shoulder Immobiliser keeps the entire arm close to the body using an ergonomically designed waist and neck strap system. If you’ve been told to restrict movement in the shoulder and upper back, there’s no better option.

Customer’s Verdict: “I bought this item to enable me to go back to work and not be tempted to use my shoulder as i have a very severe shoulder injury. It has worked wonders, not only am I back to work (on lighter duties) but can work safely without jeopardising the healing process” – Karen ★★★★★ 

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The Best Shoulder Immobiliser for Rotator Cuff Injury

Winner: Shoulder Immobiliser With Foam Straps

Features We Love:

✔ Cotton foundation fabric is the softest we sell
✔ Foam straps at the waist and shoulder are unbelievably comfortable
✔ Has dual use as an arm-injury sling and rotator cuff immobiliser

Perfect for…

✔ Rotator cuff tears
✔ A dislocated shoulder

Not the Best for:

✗ Children (see our number one)
✗ Raising the arm as high as possible (see our top choice)

Editor’s Verdict: If you know you’re going to be wearing a sling or immobiliser for a while, then comfort is a top priority. Thankfully, there’s no better option for this than the Shoulder Immobiliser With Foam Straps. Made with a soft cotton foundation and twin foam coated straps, there’s zero room for irritation, itching and friction.

Customer’s Verdict: “Excellent product well made and very comfortable. After having Rotator Cuff Repair and Carpal Tunnel operations at the same time on right arm. This item was a blessing” – Eric ★★★★★ 

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The Best Shoulder Immobiliser for Dislocation

Winner: Rolyan Deluxe Shoulder Immobiliser

Features We Love:

✔ Deep envelope design with thumb cradle
✔ Waist strap helps prevent arm straying away from body
✔ Ergonomic design matches the natural resting position of the arm

Perfect for…

✔ Separations, dislocations and strains
✔ Those needing larger size options

Not the Best for:

✗ An unbelievable level of comfort (see our top choice)
✗ Healing a broken wrist (see our number one)

Editor’s Verdict: If you’re looking for an inexpensive option that doesn’t skimp on comfort, look no further. The Rolyan Deluxe Shoulder Immobiliser combines a deep envelope pocket with a waist strap to immobilise the shoulder for use treating separations, tears and dislocations. These twin straps keep the arm close to the body, preventing the shoulder joint from rolling or rotating during your rehabilitation period.

Customer’s Verdict: “This sling was for my son who dislocated his shoulder. It gives great support and can be adjusted for comfort. Much better than what the hospital provided.” – Beverley ★★★★★ 

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The Best Arm Sling for Chronic Shoulder Pain

Winner: Elevated High Arm Sling

Features We Love:

✔ Great for treating chronic pain
✔ Has greater capability for raising the arm than any other option
✔ Soft and comfortable fabric throughout

Perfect for…

✔ Shoulder instability
✔ Chronic pain in the shoulder joint

Not the Best for:

✗ Those after a range of size options (see our number one)
✗ Treating serious tears or fractures (see our top choice)

Editor’s Verdict: If you’ve been professionally advised to elevate your arm during your recovery process, there’s no better option than the Elevated High Arm Sling. Capable of shortening its soft and comfortable strap to a length that forces the arm into a more acute angle, the Elevated Sling is greater for treating chronic pain that requires the arm to be elevated during rehabilitation.

Customer’s Verdict: “Following a rotator cuff operation my husband was fitted with this arm sling which, with the additional strap, holds the shoulder in place over the body during the post op healing process. Easy to fit, comfortable to wear and adaptable to use over clothing without the body strap after the initial period of healing. Looks as though it will hand wash without a problem” – Gillian ★★★★★ 

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The Best Arm Sling for a Broken Wrist

Winner: Universal Pro Collar and Cuff Sling

Features We Love:

✔ Inobtrusive design is highly breathable
✔ Incredibly lightweight foundation is great for minor injuries
✔ Refined design is great for children

Perfect for…

✔ Injuries where a cast has been applied
✔ Children with a broken arm or wrist

Not the Best for:

✗ Rotator cuff injuries (see our top choice)
✗ A deep envelope (see our number one)

Editor’s Verdict: A lightweight option that’s ideal for those after an unobtrusive sling that doesn’t compromise on support. The traditional looped style uses the neck to support and cradle the arm. The lack of fabric and material gives greater breathability, making it an ideal option for use in the summer months.

Customer’s Verdict: “Having broken my wrist, I needed efficient elevation. This sling is simple, easily adjustable, and simply does the job. Very good service, excellent communications and speedy delivery, Thank you” – Sophie ★★★★★ 

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The Best Arm Sling for a Broken Collar Bone

Winner: Jura Shouder/Arm Immobiliser

Features We Love:

✔ Jura Immobiliser grants the ability to make micro adjustments 
✔ Multiple points of contact bolsters arm support
✔ Inobtrusive cradle maximises breathability

Perfect for…

✔ Collar bone injuries
✔ Rotator cuff tears

Not the Best for:

✗ A simpler style (see our number one)
✗ A broken arm or elbow (see our top choice)

Editor’s Verdict: The Jura Shoulder/Arm Immobiliser is the ultimate when it comes to immobilisation. Micro adjustments can be made across the sling, making it perfect for those in the market for something highly customisable. The arm is immobilised at two points and the shoulder strap features a soft and comfortable patch pad that guarantees irritation-free support.

Customer’s Verdict: “Ordered the JSL sling to aid recovery from a broken left collarbone, as it appeared to fit my requirements. It works exactly how I had imagined it would. It is macro and micro adjustable for a perfect fit and can be altered to fit the right side too. It holds the shoulder comfortably in one position which means I can be quite active without putting any stress on my collarbone which will no doubt allow the break to repair ASAP” – Malcolm ★★★★★ 

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What’s the Difference Between a Sling and an Immobiliser?

What Is An Arm Sling?

A standard arm sling will have one shoulder strap which is likely to be adjustable. Ideally, this shoulder strap will have some form of padding to make it comfortable for wear over extended periods.

Most arm slings also feature an “envelope” of material where the arm is supported. Basic arm slings may only have a small wrist strap supporting the arm for suitable use treating more minor injuries.

What Is a Shoulder Immobiliser?

Shoulder Immobilisers look similar to arm slings, however they’re designed to keep the arm stable and close to the body in order to fully immobilise the shoulder. The shoulder is immobilised by a strap that is attached to the arm and fastened around the waist. 

When Should I Use An Arm Sling?

Whilst you should always follow the advice of a medical professional during your recovery phase, there are a few truths that ring true no matter what. Slings tend to be more suitable for arm injuries, where the forearm, wrist and elbow need to be cradled to allow the bones to set in place and heal correctly. 

When Should I Use a Shoulder Immobiliser?

A shoulder immobiliser is naturally more suited for shoulder injuries, where the big joint at the back of the body requires the arm to be completely immobilised. Because the arm moves so much during the day, healing from a rotator cuff or shoulder injury can be difficult.

Shoulder immobilisers keep the arm raised and close to the body using the aid of a waist or chest band or strap. This prevents the arm drifting and the joint rotating. 

Other Useful Pages

We hope you’ve found what you’re looking for in our step-by-step guide to Arm Slings and Shoulder Immobilisers. If you haven’t, don’t worry. There’s plenty more pages that you can access by clicking any of the quick links, below:

• Our Full Range of Arm Slings and Shoulder Immobilisers
• Our Full Range of Elevated Shoulder Immobilisers
• Our Full Range of Children’s Slings
• Our Full Range of Collar and Cuff Style Slings
• How to Find the Right Arm Sling for You

If you’ve got something to add, feel free to leave a comment below. Alternatively, you can get in touch via our Twitter and Facebook pages!

Sports shoulder strap with exercise ball Reh5Mat OKG-06

Purpose:

• postoperative immobilization
• upper limb fractures
• rotator cuff injury
• shoulder dislocation

Forearm Immobilization (90°) Suitable for both right and left hand. Immobilization for injuries of the shoulder joint (45°)

Description:

The shoulder is one of the most injured joints in sports. The most common sports-related shoulder injuries are fracture, dislocation, rotator cuff injury, and SLAP injury. In case of shoulder injuries, timely immobilization of the joint is important to prevent chronic disease. The ideal product for shoulder immobilization is the OKG-06 exercise ball shoulder strap.

Shoulder bandage securely fixes the shoulder joint and forearm, relieving stress from the injured area, reduces pain and prevents post-traumatic complications.

Adjustment of the position of the forearm is carried out using straps. Made from ActivDistance™ material. The material is non-elastic for better limb stabilization while being breathable.

Orthosis made of ActiveDistance material Orthosis material

Features/characteristics:

• 90 or 45 degree forearm attachment
• Ball exercise stimulates blood circulation and prevents necrosis and contractures.
• Straps are adjustable in length. Strap system avoids pressure on the neck while securely fixing the arm to the body

Size chart:

Universal product for right and left forearms.

How to put it on:

You can put on the orthosis at night only on the recommendation of your doctor.

Putting on sequence

1) 2) 3) 4) 5)

Product reviews

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Characteristics

Purpose

Shoulder brace

Country of origin

Poland

Brand

Reh5Mat

Diagnosis 9001 5

Postoperative immobilization,
upper limb fractures
rotator cuff injury,
shoulder dislocation.

Collection

4sport

Degree of fixation

Strong, Full

Reh5Mat OKG-06 Sport Shoulder with Exercise Ball in Moscow

Reh5 Sport Shoulder with Exercise Ball Mat OKG-06 and other products in this category are available for ordering in the catalog of the Allorto online store in Moscow at a bargain price. Check out the detailed specifications and descriptions, as well as reviews of this product to make the right choice and order the product online. If you find it difficult to choose, use our service “consultation of a rehabilitologist”.

You can buy products such as Reh5Mat OKG-06 Exercise Ball Sports Shoulder Band in the Allorto online store or by visiting our store in Moscow, after specifying their availability. You can get acquainted with the payment options and choose a convenient way to receive the goods on the page with information about delivery and self-delivery. Delivery of goods is carried out in all regions of Russia and the CIS countries.

Blog | Shoulder replacement

• House
• Shoulder Replacement

Your shoulder is an important joint that rotates with a greater range of motion than any other joint in your body. If it causes you pain to the point where you can’t reach a closet, sleep poorly, or experience other uncomfortable symptoms, your healthcare provider may consider shoulder replacement surgery. This procedure will help relieve pain and increase mobility.

What is Shoulder Replacement

Shoulder Replacement – is a procedure that addresses the source of pain and dysfunction by replacing damaged parts of the shoulder joint with artificial components called prostheses. The most common reasons for shoulder replacement surgery are:

• Osteoarthritis.
• Arthropathy of rotator cuff tear.
• Avascular necrosis.
• Rheumatoid arthritis.

The treatment is designed to relieve pain, increase strength, increase range of motion and allow use of the shoulder and arm.

How does the shoulder work?

Like your hip joint, your shoulder is a large ball and socket joint. It can rotate through a greater range of motion than any other joint in your body. The shoulder joint is made up of bones, tendons, muscles, and ligaments that hold the shoulder in place and allow it to move. The bones of the shoulder joint include the clavicle, scapula (a large flat triangular bone) and the humerus (upper arm bone).

Your collarbone connects to your shoulder blade at the acromioclavicular joint. The collarbone attaches the shoulder to the chest and holds it. The rounded head of the humerus rests against a depression in the shoulder blade. The surfaces of the bones where they touch are covered with a smooth substance called cartilage, which protects your bones and allows them to glide and move easily. The muscles and tendons surrounding the shoulder provide stability and support. A thin, smooth tissue called the synovial membrane covers all remaining surfaces inside the shoulder joint. In a healthy shoulder, this membrane produces a small amount of fluid that lubricates the cartilage and eliminates almost any friction in the shoulder.

The rotator cuff muscles are a group of four muscles that surround the shoulder joint, and their tendons attach to the end of the arm bone. The function of the rotator cuff is to hold the ball joint together and help it move. This is why patients experience pain, instability, and loss of arm function when a rotator cuff tendon ruptures. Trauma from a fall in an elderly patient or trauma from contact sports can lead to a rotator cuff tear. Depending on the size and location of the tear, patient age, duration of symptoms, general health, range of motion, and desired level of activity, rotator cuff tears can be treated with physical therapy or occasional cortisone injections, and when these approaches fail, then operation.

How common are shoulder replacement surgeries?

More than 70,000 people in the United States have this procedure each year.

What dentures are made of

The metal ball is used to replace the shoulder ball, which is made of a special type of stainless steel, attached to a shaft, which is usually made of titanium, and keeps the ball attached to your arm, while the polyethylene cup replaces the glenoid socket.

Why and to whom is shoulder replacement surgery performed?

Shoulder replacement surgery is performed on patients suffering from joint dysfunction. It is usually the result of osteoarthritis, rotator cuff tear arthropathy, avascular necrosis or rheumatoid arthritis, or (rarely) in those who have suffered a severe fracture from trauma or a fall. As a general rule, all other treatments, such as physiotherapy and medication, are considered first.

You may be a candidate for shoulder replacement surgery if you have the following symptoms:

• Pain in your shoulder is so severe that you have difficulty performing daily activities such as washing, dressing, etc.

• Loss of mobility in the shoulder.

• Weakness in the shoulder.

• You are in so much pain that it prevents you from getting a good night’s sleep.

• You’ve tried anti-inflammatory drugs, cortisone injections, and physical therapy, but none of these have helped.

• You had arthroscopic surgery, rotator cuff surgery, or fracture recovery that did not improve your symptoms.

What are the types of shoulder replacements?

Your surgeon will discuss with you what type of shoulder replacement you may need. There are four options:

• Hemiarthroplasty: This procedure only replaces the ball and stem. The stem connects to the ball and articulates with your natural socket.
• Reconstructive hemiarthroplasty: involves the replacement of the articular surface of the humeral head with a stemless cap prosthesis.
• Total Anatomical Shoulder Replacement: The arthritic joint is replaced with a highly polished metal ball attached to the stem on the side of the humerus and a plastic cup on the glenoid socket.
• Stemless total shoulder arthroplasty: is a bone-sparing total shoulder replacement option in which a metal ball is attached to the upper arm without a stem.
• Reverse total shoulder replacement: Reverse total shoulder replacement literally flips the joint, meaning a metal ball is placed where the glenoid socket was, and a plastic cup is attached to the shaft and moved to the humerus.

What happens at the first appointment for shoulder replacement surgery

1. Your consultation visit and initial appointment with an orthopedic surgeon will include a series of x-rays, a physical examination and a thorough review of your medical history.
2. A physical examination will help the surgeon determine the source of the pain and also see the reduction in range of motion.
3. X-rays show bone spurs, damaged joint surfaces, and any narrowed joint spaces. If there has been a shoulder injury, an x-ray will help your healthcare provider assess whether the fracture can be repaired or if a shoulder joint replacement is needed.
4. Detailing the history of your shoulder problem includes a description to the surgeon of the degree of pain with activity, limitation of movement, loss of mobility and pain at rest, previous treatment including medications, injections, physical therapy, and previous surgeries.
5. With this information, and together with your family, you and your orthopedic surgeon will determine the next steps that are best for you.

How to

prepare for shoulder replacement surgery? What happens before the procedure?

Unless there is an emergency, your surgery will be scheduled in advance. Knowing your surgery date will give you enough time to prepare and plan for any special care you may need after you leave the hospital. It is important to have a partner to help you with your home exercises after you leave. Your partner should accompany you to physical therapy at least once or twice during your hospital stay. Shoulder replacement can be performed on an outpatient basis, but on average, patients stay in the hospital for one night after surgery to ensure the doctor can make sure that the pain is well relieved and the medical condition is stable before the patient can leave the hospital.,

A series of preoperative tests will be scheduled one to two weeks before surgery. These usually include:

• Certain blood tests.

• An electrocardiogram (ECG), which measures the electrical activity of your heart.

• A visit to the surgeon to make sure you have medical clearance for the operation.

Some medications may be stopped because they complicate the operation, and other medications may need to be continued. You must stop taking any anti-inflammatory drugs, including aspirin, one week before surgery unless otherwise directed. During this visit, you will be given instructions regarding your daily medications.

Most patients spend the night before surgery either at home or in a nearby hotel. Then, the next morning, they are hospitalized. You will be informed by telephone the day before of the exact time and place where you will need to go on the day of the operation. You will not be allowed to eat and/or drink after midnight the night before your surgery.

Your doctor and anesthetist will discuss the most appropriate type of anesthesia. The most common form is general anesthesia, in which you are given medication through an IV that will allow you to relax, feel comfortable and calm. You will also be given the choice to supplement the anesthesia with regional or block anesthesia to minimize postoperative pain.

After surgery, most patients can have a normal meal and go to the toilet without help. Regional anesthesia provides long-term pain relief after surgery. A family member may stay with you until the time of surgery (depending on hospital visitation policy). Any nail polish must be removed before hospitalization. You will be asked to remove all jewelry, glasses, dentures, wigs and contact lenses. Rings should not be worn on either hand, and any valuables should be left at home or given to family members.

The nurses will prepare you for your surgery by taking your blood pressure, pulse, temperature and pre-surgery medication. These medicines can cause drowsiness and dry mouth. Before you go to the operating room, an intravenous catheter will be inserted into your arm to administer fluids, medications, and antibiotics.

You will be taken to surgery in a chair or bed. Various hospital staff will ask you for your name, check your identification bracelet and ask which shoulder will be operated on, right or left.

Your family can wait at a designated area where they can register with the administrator. Once your surgery is over, your surgeon will call the waiting area and ask your family to come over to talk. If the operation is delayed for any reason, your surgeon will periodically keep your family members informed about this and the progress of the operation.

What happens during shoulder replacement surgery

In the operating room you will meet nurses, doctors, technicians and anesthesiologists. The operating room will be bright and cool. Blankets will be freely available in case you get cold. Due to the number of people working, the room will seem very busy and somewhat noisy. You will then be transferred to the operating table and made comfortable. A sterile surgical drape will be hung to protect the surgical site. The anesthesiologist will remain at your head, monitoring you throughout the operation.

How long does a shoulder replacement surgery take?

The surgery will take about two hours. For your family members, it will be longer because the operation will begin about an hour after you say goodbye to them, and about one to two hours after the operation, you will fully recover from the general anesthesia and be able to see them again.

Will I be unconscious during my shoulder replacement surgery

Yes. You will be under general anesthesia. You will sleep.

What can I expect after the procedure?

After your surgery, you will be taken to the Anesthesia Recovery Unit (ICU) where you will be cared for by trained nurses and anesthetists. They will often monitor your vital signs (blood pressure, pulse, and breathing) while you recover from anesthesia. When you wake up, you will have a bandage on your shoulder. The shoulder x-ray will be taken during your stay in the recovery room.

The minimum stay in intensive care is one hour. The length of your stay depends on many factors, including how much the anesthesia affects you. Your doctors and nurses will assess your condition and determine the best minimum time for you to stay there. Your family will not be allowed in the intensive care unit, but may visit you when you are taken to the hospital room.

After you are taken to your room and helped to bed, the nurse will assess your condition – check your vitals, your shoulder bandage, and the movement and sensation of your arm. Your arm may be bandaged within the first 24 hours after surgery.

Since shoulder surgery is painful, pain control is very important. A regional nerve block should mask most of the pain, but sometimes the block may not work 100% and you may need an oral pain reliever to be comfortable.

During your hospitalization, you are encouraged to get out of bed and move around. Bring loose clothing with you to make dressing easier. You will be able to shower 48 hours after the operation.

A physiotherapist can help you learn about specific restrictions and exercises and how to continue them at home. You will also be given written instructions after you have been discharged. These exercises are quite simple and usually require very little time.

A successful total shoulder replacement is highly dependent on careful exercise. With this structured exercise program, your muscles will be methodically and progressively stretched and strengthened over the course of one year. The desired effect is the optimal function of your new total shoulder replacement. Most patients do not require physical therapy, but formal outpatient physical therapy may be required in certain situations after discharge from the hospital. Your surgeon will discuss this with you during your subsequent hospital visits, depending on your progress with self-exercise.

A therapist will visit you at least once in the hospital before you are released. Your therapist will provide instructions and assistive devices to help you maintain independence and protect your new shoulder from injury.

What are the benefits of shoulder replacement surgery

Pain relief and improved range of motion and function of the shoulder and arm.

Are there complications after shoulder replacement surgery

All transactions involve some risk. There are several possible complications after shoulder replacement surgery:

• Infection. Minor infections in the wound area are treated with antibiotics, while serious infections may require additional surgery.

• Dislocation: In the case of a reverse total shoulder replacement, the implant may move, requiring a closed reduction or implant reduction or revision surgery.

• Other denture problems. Dentures can wear out and sometimes become loose. In this case, additional surgery may be required.

• Nerve injury: Nerves can be damaged during surgery.

Diabetes has an increased risk of complications. In patients with diabetes, wound complications and infections are possible.

General Instructions:

• Driving restrictions as directed by your doctor. You will need a driver to take you home at the time of your discharge.

• Restriction to lifting anything heavier than a glass of water for the first two to four weeks.

• Restriction on heavy lifting for two months.

• Resume active arm movement gradually.

• Continue to exercise at home as instructed by your physical therapist and other healthcare professionals. Be careful – don’t overdo it!

• Do not use your operating hand to help you get out of bed or a chair.

• Avoid contact sports.

• Avoid placing the arm in any “extreme position” for the first six weeks after surgery. For example, do not extend your arm straight out to the side or behind your back.

After discharge

Your rehabilitation will be continuous and progressive. It may take six months to one year to achieve the optimal effect. It is important to understand that progress is sometimes slow and not always stable. You must persevere in your therapy program, doing the exercises several times a day for 5-10 minutes each. Do not lift anything heavier than 2kg for the first month after surgery. Also, refrain from using your hand to lift, pull, or push (for six weeks). After about six weeks, you will begin physical therapy, where you will use sports equipment to strengthen your muscles. Your health care provider will monitor your progress during visits six weeks apart for the first four to five months and then less frequently for one year.

Please note that any doctor or dentist planning a future surgical or invasive procedure, including dental work, should give you antibiotics before and after surgery to prevent infection. This includes all surgeries, minimally invasive (or “scopic”) procedures, extractions of teeth and root canals. Any infection, such as a urinary tract infection, must be treated immediately with antibiotics because the bacteria can spread to the replaced joint. When you receive any medical attention, tell the person in charge that you had a total shoulder replacement.

Returning to work depends on your progress in therapy and the demands of your job. People who do not engage in physically strenuous work can usually return to work after two months. If your job involves lifting weights or doing repetitive overhead activities, you may need to make changes to your work environment. If you have a very demanding job, you should maximize your therapeutic exercises, including strengthening, and discuss the best time to get back to work with your surgeon. People who have had shoulder replacement surgery can play sports such as golf, swimming, and tennis. Discuss your goals with your surgeon and internist before you can plan your rehabilitation and sports activities accordingly.

How long does it take to recover from shoulder replacement surgery?

The recovery period varies from person to person and also depends on the type of surgery you have had.