When does Multiple Sclerosis typically begin. What are the common symptoms of MS. How many types of MS exist. What factors influence MS risk.

The Age of Multiple Sclerosis Onset: What You Need to Know

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a complex autoimmune condition that can affect individuals at various stages of life. While the disease can manifest at any age, there are typical patterns in its onset that are important to understand.

The average age of MS onset falls between 20 and 40 years old. This means that many individuals are diagnosed with MS during their prime working and family-building years. However, it’s crucial to note that MS doesn’t strictly adhere to this age range.

Approximately 5% of MS cases are classified as late-onset MS, occurring after the age of 50. On the other end of the spectrum, early-onset MS can affect children and teenagers, though this is less common.

Early-Onset MS vs. Late-Onset MS

Early-onset MS, which begins in childhood or adolescence, and late-onset MS, starting after age 50, share many similarities in terms of symptoms. However, there are some key differences to be aware of:

• Early-onset MS may be associated with a higher likelihood of seizures
• Late-onset MS often progresses more rapidly than MS diagnosed at younger ages
• The overall symptom profile remains largely consistent across age groups

Recognizing the Common Symptoms of Multiple Sclerosis

MS can manifest in a wide variety of symptoms, which can make early diagnosis challenging. Some of the most frequently reported symptoms include:

• Numbness and tingling sensations
• Persistent fatigue
• Vision problems
• Muscle spasms, stiffness, or weakness
• Chronic pain

Is MS always immediately diagnosed after symptoms appear? Not necessarily. While some individuals receive a diagnosis shortly after experiencing their first symptoms, others may go years before obtaining a definitive MS diagnosis. This variability underscores the importance of consulting with healthcare professionals if you experience persistent neurological symptoms.

Understanding the Different Types of Multiple Sclerosis

MS is not a one-size-fits-all condition. There are several distinct subtypes of MS, each with its own characteristics and progression patterns:

Clinically Isolated Syndrome (CIS)

CIS represents a single episode of MS-like symptoms lasting at least 24 hours. While not all individuals with CIS will develop MS, it can be an early indicator of the disease.

Do brain lesions detected during CIS always lead to MS? Not always, but their presence significantly increases the risk. Individuals with CIS who show MS-like brain lesions on MRI scans have a 60-80% chance of developing MS within several years. In contrast, those without detectable lesions have a 20-30% risk.

Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS)

RRMS is the most common form of MS, affecting approximately 85% of MS patients. It is characterized by distinct attacks (relapses) followed by periods of partial or complete recovery (remissions).

Typical RRMS symptoms include:

• Visual disturbances
• Cognitive challenges
• Bowel and bladder dysfunction
• Numbness and fatigue (as with other MS types)

Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis (PPMS)

PPMS affects about 15% of MS patients and is characterized by a steady worsening of neurological function from the onset of symptoms, without the distinct relapses and remissions seen in RRMS.

How does PPMS differ from RRMS in terms of onset and progression? PPMS typically begins about 10 years later than RRMS. Individuals with PPMS often face greater challenges with mobility and may require more assistance with daily activities.

Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis (SPMS)

SPMS is a later stage of MS that can develop in individuals initially diagnosed with RRMS. It involves a gradual worsening of symptoms over time, with fewer or no distinct relapses.

Risk Factors and Demographics of Multiple Sclerosis

While MS can affect anyone, certain demographic factors are associated with a higher risk of developing the condition:

• Gender: MS is three times more common in females than in males
• Geography: MS prevalence increases in regions further from the equator
• Ancestry: People of Northern European descent have a higher incidence of MS

Why does MS affect women more frequently than men? The exact reasons for this gender disparity are not fully understood, but hormonal factors and differences in immune system function between males and females are thought to play a role.

Diagnosis and Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis

Diagnosing MS can be challenging due to the variability of symptoms and their similarity to other neurological conditions. Typically, the diagnostic process involves:

1. A comprehensive medical history
2. Neurological examination
3. MRI scans to detect characteristic brain and spinal cord lesions
4. Lumbar puncture (spinal tap) to analyze cerebrospinal fluid
5. Evoked potential tests to measure electrical activity in response to stimuli

While there is no cure for MS, various treatment options can help manage symptoms and slow disease progression:

• Disease-modifying therapies to reduce inflammation and prevent relapses
• Symptomatic treatments for specific MS symptoms
• Rehabilitation therapies to maintain function and improve quality of life
• Lifestyle modifications, including diet and exercise

Can early treatment impact the long-term prognosis of MS? Yes, starting treatment soon after diagnosis can significantly affect the course of MS. Early intervention may help reduce the frequency and severity of relapses, slow disability progression, and improve overall quality of life.

Living with Multiple Sclerosis: Challenges and Adaptations

MS is a lifelong condition that can present numerous challenges for those affected. However, many individuals with MS lead fulfilling lives by adapting to their symptoms and leveraging available support systems.

Some key strategies for living well with MS include:

• Maintaining open communication with healthcare providers
• Adhering to prescribed treatment regimens
• Engaging in regular physical activity and maintaining a healthy diet
• Managing stress through relaxation techniques and mindfulness practices
• Connecting with MS support groups and community resources
• Making workplace accommodations when necessary

How can individuals with MS maintain their independence? Many people with MS can maintain independence through a combination of medical management, assistive devices, and home modifications. Occupational therapists can provide valuable guidance on adapting daily activities to accommodate changing abilities.

Research and Future Prospects in Multiple Sclerosis

The field of MS research is dynamic and constantly evolving. Current areas of focus include:

• Developing more effective and targeted therapies
• Investigating potential causes of MS, including genetic and environmental factors
• Exploring strategies for myelin repair and neuroprotection
• Improving diagnostic techniques for earlier and more accurate MS detection
• Studying the long-term effects of various treatment approaches

What promising developments are on the horizon for MS treatment? Several exciting avenues are being explored, including stem cell therapies, personalized medicine approaches based on genetic profiles, and novel drugs targeting specific aspects of MS pathology. While these are still in various stages of research, they offer hope for improved MS management in the future.

Support and Resources for Individuals Affected by Multiple Sclerosis

Living with MS or supporting someone with the condition can be challenging, but numerous resources are available to help:

• National Multiple Sclerosis Society (NMSS) – Offers education, support, and advocacy
• Multiple Sclerosis Association of America (MSAA) – Provides free services and support
• Can Do Multiple Sclerosis – Focuses on lifestyle empowerment programs
• MS Focus: The Multiple Sclerosis Foundation – Offers various support services and grants
• Local MS support groups – Provide peer support and community connections

How can family members best support a loved one with MS? Supporting a loved one with MS involves understanding the condition, being patient with symptom fluctuations, assisting with daily tasks when needed, and encouraging independence. It’s also crucial for caregivers to prioritize their own well-being and seek support when necessary.

Multiple Sclerosis is a complex and varied condition that affects individuals differently. While the average age of onset typically falls between 20 and 40 years old, MS can develop at any age. Understanding the different types of MS, recognizing common symptoms, and being aware of risk factors can aid in early detection and management. With ongoing research and a range of treatment options available, many individuals with MS can lead fulfilling lives. Support from healthcare providers, loved ones, and community resources plays a crucial role in navigating the challenges of living with MS.

MS age of onset: When is it diagnosed?

Multiple sclerosis (MS) can start at any age, but it generally appears when people are in their 20s through 40s. Around 5% of people with MS have late-onset MS, which means it starts after the age of 50 years.

Early-onset MS starts in childhood. Late-onset MS, on the other hand, can begin after the age of 50 years. The symptoms of these two conditions generally do not differ much, but they can range in severity.

The exact cause of MS is not clear. However, experts believe it to be an autoimmune condition in which the body’s immune system attacks its tissues.

This article discusses when initial MS symptoms generally appear, and the typical age at which people receive a diagnosis. It also looks at the symptoms, types of diagnoses, and treatment.

The age of onset of MS for most people ranges from 20–40 years. Some people may receive a diagnosis at the onset. Others, however, may not get a diagnosis until years later. There is no cure for MS, meaning it is a lifelong condition.

The condition may start to develop after 50 years of age, in which case, doctors will refer to it as late-onset MS. Late-onset MS accounts for about 5% of people with MS. The symptoms are similar to those that occur in younger adults, but the condition’s progression is faster.

MS can also start in a person’s childhood and teen years. Doctors call this early-onset MS. Symptoms do not differ significantly from adult-onset MS, but research shows seizures are generally more common.

MS has an unpredictable course involving various symptoms, relapses, and remissions. The majority of people with MS have mild symptoms. However, some individuals experience difficulty with some actions, such as walking, speaking, and writing. Common symptoms of MS include:

• numbness and tingling
• fatigue
• vision problems
• muscle spasms, stiffness, or weakness
• pain

Learn more about the symptoms of MS here.

There are multiple different subtypes of MS that may have different symptoms.

Clinically isolated syndrome (CIS)

CIS is a single episode of symptoms that may suggest that a person has MS. Experts believe it occurs due to an inflammatory condition of the brain or spinal cord. CIS symptoms last at least 24 hours. Some people with CIS will go on to develop MS while others may not.

There may only be a single symptom, such as vision loss, or multiple symptoms, such as vision loss alongside tingling or numbness in the legs.

When a person has CIS, a doctor will order an MRI scan to determine whether they have brain lesions similar to MS.

Brain lesions

In general, the presence of MRI-detected brain lesions means that a person may have a 60–80% risk of developing MS within several years. However, the absence of lesions suggests a 20–30% likelihood of developing MS within the same time frame.

Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS)

About 85% of people with MS have the subtype called RRMS. It involves episodes of attacks that develop over a few days and last at least 24 hours but not more than 1–2 months. Between attacks, symptoms may either decrease or disappear.

Most individuals who have RRMS receive a diagnosis when they are in their 20s or 30s. Aside from numbness, tiredness, and stiffness, the most common RRMS symptoms a person may experience include problems with their vision, thinking, bowel, and bladder.

Primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS)

About 15% of people with MS have a subtype called PPMS. Instead of relapses and remissions, individuals with PPMS experience a disability that progresses from the onset. However, PPMS can involve brief periods when the condition is stable.

People typically experience the onset of PPMS 10 years later than people with RRMS. Individuals with this subtype often experience more challenges with walking and remaining in the workforce. They may also need help performing everyday activities.

Secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS)

People who live with SPMS experience a gradual worsening of symptoms as time goes by. Relapses usually disappear as the condition progresses. Individuals with SPMS experience nerve loss or damage that becomes steadily more severe.

Before using disease-modifying therapies, about half of those with an RRMS diagnosis might transition to SPMS within 10 years, while almost all would transition to SPMS within 25 years.

However, the effect of disease-modifying treatments on altering or delaying the SPMS transition is unclear.

Research shows that MS affects many people, but there are certain populations in which MS is more common. According to the National Multiple Sclerosis Society (NMSS):

• MS is three times more common in females than in males.
• The condition is more common in states that are further away from the equator.
• Although MS occurs in people of most ancestries, it is more common in people of northern European descent.

In terms of specific risk factors for MS, the NMSS lists several, including:

• vitamin D deficiency
• obesity in childhood and adolescence
• smoking
• bacteria and viruses

Diagnosing MS can be difficult and time consuming because there is no single test that can identify it. In addition, MS symptoms fluctuate and vary, making an accurate diagnosis challenging to obtain.

There is, however, an accepted diagnosis of MS called the 2017 McDonald Criteria. To diagnose the condition, doctors will look at a person’s:

• medical history
• physical examination findings
• blood tests
• imaging tests, such as an MRI scan
• visual tests
• spinal fluid analysis

Doctors assess the progression of MS (dissemination in time) and the parts of the body it affects (dissemination in space).

For dissemination in space, doctors will use imaging tests to look for two or more MS lesions, or one lesion and one clinical attack affecting the central nervous system.

For dissemination in time, they will look for:

• at least two MS attacks that occurred at different times
• MS lesions
• new lesion development between MRI scans
• the presence of oligoclonal bands in the cerebrospinal fluid

Learn more about the tests for an MS diagnosis here.

Generally, the onset of multiple sclerosis is between 20–40 years of age, but the condition may appear at an earlier or later age.

Most individuals have a subtype of MS that alternates between relapses and remissions, while a minority have a subtype that involves regular progression from the onset.

A person may be able to reduce their risk of developing MS by getting regular exposure to sunlight, maintaining a moderate weight, and stopping smoking. After diagnosis, there are various treatment options.

MS age of onset: When is it diagnosed?

Multiple sclerosis (MS) can start at any age, but it generally appears when people are in their 20s through 40s. Around 5% of people with MS have late-onset MS, which means it starts after the age of 50 years.

Early-onset MS starts in childhood. Late-onset MS, on the other hand, can begin after the age of 50 years. The symptoms of these two conditions generally do not differ much, but they can range in severity.

The exact cause of MS is not clear. However, experts believe it to be an autoimmune condition in which the body’s immune system attacks its tissues.

This article discusses when initial MS symptoms generally appear, and the typical age at which people receive a diagnosis. It also looks at the symptoms, types of diagnoses, and treatment.

The age of onset of MS for most people ranges from 20–40 years. Some people may receive a diagnosis at the onset. Others, however, may not get a diagnosis until years later. There is no cure for MS, meaning it is a lifelong condition.

The condition may start to develop after 50 years of age, in which case, doctors will refer to it as late-onset MS. Late-onset MS accounts for about 5% of people with MS. The symptoms are similar to those that occur in younger adults, but the condition’s progression is faster.

MS can also start in a person’s childhood and teen years. Doctors call this early-onset MS. Symptoms do not differ significantly from adult-onset MS, but research shows seizures are generally more common.

MS has an unpredictable course involving various symptoms, relapses, and remissions. The majority of people with MS have mild symptoms. However, some individuals experience difficulty with some actions, such as walking, speaking, and writing. Common symptoms of MS include:

• numbness and tingling
• fatigue
• vision problems
• muscle spasms, stiffness, or weakness
• pain

Learn more about the symptoms of MS here.

There are multiple different subtypes of MS that may have different symptoms.

Clinically isolated syndrome (CIS)

CIS is a single episode of symptoms that may suggest that a person has MS. Experts believe it occurs due to an inflammatory condition of the brain or spinal cord. CIS symptoms last at least 24 hours. Some people with CIS will go on to develop MS while others may not.

There may only be a single symptom, such as vision loss, or multiple symptoms, such as vision loss alongside tingling or numbness in the legs.

When a person has CIS, a doctor will order an MRI scan to determine whether they have brain lesions similar to MS.

Brain lesions

In general, the presence of MRI-detected brain lesions means that a person may have a 60–80% risk of developing MS within several years. However, the absence of lesions suggests a 20–30% likelihood of developing MS within the same time frame.

Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS)

About 85% of people with MS have the subtype called RRMS. It involves episodes of attacks that develop over a few days and last at least 24 hours but not more than 1–2 months. Between attacks, symptoms may either decrease or disappear.

Most individuals who have RRMS receive a diagnosis when they are in their 20s or 30s. Aside from numbness, tiredness, and stiffness, the most common RRMS symptoms a person may experience include problems with their vision, thinking, bowel, and bladder.

Primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS)

About 15% of people with MS have a subtype called PPMS. Instead of relapses and remissions, individuals with PPMS experience a disability that progresses from the onset. However, PPMS can involve brief periods when the condition is stable.

People typically experience the onset of PPMS 10 years later than people with RRMS. Individuals with this subtype often experience more challenges with walking and remaining in the workforce. They may also need help performing everyday activities.

Secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS)

People who live with SPMS experience a gradual worsening of symptoms as time goes by. Relapses usually disappear as the condition progresses. Individuals with SPMS experience nerve loss or damage that becomes steadily more severe.

Before using disease-modifying therapies, about half of those with an RRMS diagnosis might transition to SPMS within 10 years, while almost all would transition to SPMS within 25 years.

However, the effect of disease-modifying treatments on altering or delaying the SPMS transition is unclear.

Research shows that MS affects many people, but there are certain populations in which MS is more common. According to the National Multiple Sclerosis Society (NMSS):

• MS is three times more common in females than in males.
• The condition is more common in states that are further away from the equator.
• Although MS occurs in people of most ancestries, it is more common in people of northern European descent.

In terms of specific risk factors for MS, the NMSS lists several, including:

• vitamin D deficiency
• obesity in childhood and adolescence
• smoking
• bacteria and viruses

Diagnosing MS can be difficult and time consuming because there is no single test that can identify it. In addition, MS symptoms fluctuate and vary, making an accurate diagnosis challenging to obtain.

There is, however, an accepted diagnosis of MS called the 2017 McDonald Criteria. To diagnose the condition, doctors will look at a person’s:

• medical history
• physical examination findings
• blood tests
• imaging tests, such as an MRI scan
• visual tests
• spinal fluid analysis

Doctors assess the progression of MS (dissemination in time) and the parts of the body it affects (dissemination in space).

For dissemination in space, doctors will use imaging tests to look for two or more MS lesions, or one lesion and one clinical attack affecting the central nervous system.

For dissemination in time, they will look for:

• at least two MS attacks that occurred at different times
• MS lesions
• new lesion development between MRI scans
• the presence of oligoclonal bands in the cerebrospinal fluid

Learn more about the tests for an MS diagnosis here.

Generally, the onset of multiple sclerosis is between 20–40 years of age, but the condition may appear at an earlier or later age.

Most individuals have a subtype of MS that alternates between relapses and remissions, while a minority have a subtype that involves regular progression from the onset.

A person may be able to reduce their risk of developing MS by getting regular exposure to sunlight, maintaining a moderate weight, and stopping smoking. After diagnosis, there are various treatment options.

First period. What, where, when and how

Comment from an expert
Gynecologist Anastasia Degteva

“The growth of the mammary glands, as well as hair in the armpits and on the pubis, indicate that the first menstruation will soon begin. As soon as you notice this, then go to an adult you trust and ask him to talk about how you may feel at this time and how to properly use hygiene products.
Menstruation can start at any time, so make sure you always have pads in your purse. Also download the cycle tracking app – it’s important for women’s health.

Your first period: what do you need to know?

The onset of menses (menses) in adolescent girls is an important stage of puberty. This is one of many signs that a girl is entering puberty and may now become pregnant.

Menstruation is a delicate topic that not in every family parents can cover correctly and explain what is happening, give scientific information about what changes are happening now with her body and what will now change in her life. Many girls dread the day they get their period, and some look forward to those changes. What you feel at this moment is normal.

Unfortunately, due to the fragmentation of data and the lack of special classes on reproductive health in the school curriculum, many girls and most boys lack basic knowledge about the structure of the female reproductive system and what menstruation is and how it occurs, about the rules for safe hygiene and protection. This is very sad, because the banal lack of reliable information in this extremely important area can lead you to unpleasant health consequences.

Signs of the first period in girls:

The first menstruation in adolescent girls can begin at different ages and depends on when puberty began, when the body begins to mature and enter the phase when the girl becomes sexually mature, that is, is able to become pregnant.

“Swelling” of the breast is one of the first noticeable signs of the onset of puberty is the “swelling” of the breast. Do not confuse it with the growth of a real breast: this means that the nipple simply becomes more prominent. In other girls, the first sign may be the appearance of pubic hairs. On average, after 4-4.5 years, menstruation usually begins, but the spread is normal from one and a half to six years.

Further, within six months, the girl may notice an increase in the growth of pubic hair or their appearance , and after another six months, the peak moment of growth occurs. After another year, the breasts grow to adult size and armpit hair appears. The first period usually occurs in the period for or after 4 months after this.

The Ministry of Health called the average age of onset of sexual activity in Russia

https://ria.ru/2019026/1551385420.html

In the Ministry of Health named the average age age in Russia

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in the Ministry of Health named the average age of sexual sex in Russia – RIA Novosti, 03.03.2020

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MOSCOW, February 26 – RIA Novosti. A large number of Russians begin sexual activity at the age of 16-17, which affects childbearing: a lot of time passes before marriage, so some have time to “accumulate” a lot of sexually transmitted diseases, said Oleg Apolikhin, chief freelance reproductive health specialist at the Russian Ministry of Health. During the round table “Actual issues of maintaining the health of the male population” in the Federation Council, Apolikhin said that the so-called reproductive potential (the ability to give birth to healthy children. – Ed.) largely depends on the reproductive health and reproductive behavior of a person. According to the expert, now 77.4 percent of women who are preparing to give birth already have established pathologies. “When we began to analyze together with our colleagues what the question is, we saw that today (average. – Note ed.) sexual debut for a girl is 16-17 years <. ..> For a young man – 16-17 years, and for many much earlier, “the expert said. At the same time, according to him, the age of marriage for a woman is 24-26 years old, and for a man – 26-29years. “These are young, healthy, socially active people who live without the goal setting of creating a family, therefore (bacteria. – Approx. ed.) chlamydia, mycoplasma, ureaplasma, gardnerella <…> all this takes place at the time of reproductively oriented behavior ( the moment of the birth of the child. – Approx. ed.) And we are forced to deal with the consequences of this, “said Apolikhin.

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MOSCOW, February 26 – RIA Novosti . A large number of Russians begin sexual activity at the age of 16-17, which affects childbearing: a lot of time passes before marriage, so some have time to “accumulate” a lot of sexually transmitted diseases, said Oleg Apolikhin, chief freelance reproductive health specialist at the Russian Ministry of Health.

During the round table “Actual issues of maintaining the health of the male population” in the Federation Council, Apolikhin said that the so-called reproductive potential (the ability to give birth to healthy children. – Ed.) largely depends on the reproductive health and reproductive behavior of a person. According to the expert, now 77.4 percent of women who are preparing to give birth already have existing pathologies.

“When we began to analyze together with our colleagues what the question is, we saw that today (average. – Ed. note) the age of sexual debut for a girl is 16-17 years <...> For a young man – 16-17 years old, and for many much earlier,” the expert said.

At the same time, according to him, the age of marriage for a woman is 24-26 years, and for a man – 26-29 years. “These are young, healthy, socially active people who live without the goal setting of creating a family, therefore (bacteria. – Approx. ed.) chlamydia, mycoplasma, ureaplasma, gardnerella <.