What causes cytolytic vaginosis? What are the symptoms of cytolytic vaginosis? How do doctors diagnose cytolytic vaginosis? What’s the treatment for cytolytic vaginosis? How can you prevent cytolytic vaginosis?

Understanding Cytolytic Vaginosis

Cytolytic vaginosis, sometimes called “lactobacillus overgrowth syndrome” or “Doderlein’s cytolysis,” is a condition thought to be caused by an overgrowth of a certain type of bacteria in the vagina. The bacteria, known as lactobacilli, are normally present in the vagina and can help protect against infections. However, if the levels of lactobacilli become too high, it can lead to the development of cytolytic vaginosis and a range of uncomfortable symptoms.

Causes of Cytolytic Vaginosis

The underlying cause of cytolytic vaginosis is believed to be a pH imbalance in the vagina. The vagina’s pH typically ranges between 3.8 and 5, which is slightly acidic. In cases of cytolytic vaginosis, the vaginal pH can become even more acidic, often falling between 3.5 and 4.5. This shift in pH can lead to an overgrowth of lactobacilli bacteria.

Factors that can contribute to the development of cytolytic vaginosis include:

• Use of certain products, such as soaps, menstrual pads, wipes, or lubricants, that may be irritating to the vagina
• Repeated use of antifungal or antibiotic treatments, which can disrupt the vagina’s natural pH and bacterial balance
• Sensitivity to certain products or medications

Symptoms of Cytolytic Vaginosis

The symptoms of cytolytic vaginosis can be similar to those of a yeast infection or bacterial vaginosis, but they are often more severe in the week before a person’s period. Some common symptoms include:

• Itching or burning in the vagina or on the vulva
• Burning sensation when urinating
• Pain or discomfort during sex, or a sore feeling afterward
• Increased or changes in vaginal discharge, which may appear more yellowish or white in color

Interestingly, the symptoms of cytolytic vaginosis tend to ease during a person’s period, as the vaginal pH becomes less acidic due to the presence of menstrual blood.

Diagnosing Cytolytic Vaginosis

To diagnose cytolytic vaginosis, a healthcare provider will typically perform a pelvic exam and take a sample of vaginal discharge to examine under a microscope. They will look for specific cellular changes, a high number of lactobacilli, and a low level of white blood cells, which are all indicators of cytolytic vaginosis. The provider may also test the vaginal pH to see if it falls within the typical range for this condition.

It’s important to rule out other conditions, such as yeast infections, bacterial vaginosis, or trichomoniasis, to confirm a diagnosis of cytolytic vaginosis.

Treating Cytolytic Vaginosis

The primary treatment for cytolytic vaginosis is to restore the vagina’s pH to a more balanced level and reduce the overgrowth of lactobacilli. Some common treatment approaches include:

• Baking soda treatments, such as vaginal suppositories, douches, or pastes, to help raise the vaginal pH
• Sitz baths with baking soda to help soothe irritated skin on the vulva
• Avoiding products that may be triggering the condition, such as certain soaps, pads, or lubricants

It’s important to follow the treatment plan recommended by your healthcare provider and to complete the full course of treatment to ensure the best possible outcome.

Preventing Cytolytic Vaginosis

To help prevent future episodes of cytolytic vaginosis, it’s important to maintain a healthy vaginal pH and avoid factors that can disrupt the delicate balance of bacteria. Some tips include:

• Use gentle, fragrance-free products on the vulva and in the vagina
• Avoid douching or using other products that can alter the vaginal pH
• Practice good hygiene, including wiping from front to back after using the bathroom
• Manage any underlying health conditions that may contribute to pH imbalances, such as diabetes

If you have recurrent episodes of cytolytic vaginosis, it’s a good idea to work closely with your healthcare provider to identify and address any underlying factors that may be contributing to the condition.

Key Takeaways

Cytolytic vaginosis is a condition characterized by an overgrowth of lactobacilli bacteria in the vagina, often due to a pH imbalance. Symptoms can include itching, burning, and changes in vaginal discharge, and the condition is typically diagnosed through a pelvic exam and laboratory tests. Treatment typically involves restoring the vaginal pH through the use of baking soda treatments, and preventing future episodes by avoiding irritating products and maintaining good vaginal health.