What is an abdominal CT scan with contrast. How does it differ from other imaging techniques. What are the potential risks and side effects of this procedure. How should you prepare for an abdominal CT scan. What can you expect during and after the examination.

Understanding Abdominal CT Scans: A Detailed Overview

An abdominal CT (computed tomography) scan is a sophisticated imaging technique that provides detailed cross-sectional images of the abdominal cavity. This non-invasive procedure uses specialized X-ray technology to generate multiple images of the organs, blood vessels, and bones within the abdomen. These images are then compiled by a computer to create a comprehensive view of the area, allowing medical professionals to examine the abdominal structures from various angles.

CT scans are particularly valuable in diagnosing and monitoring a wide range of abdominal conditions. They offer several advantages over traditional X-rays, including:

• Higher resolution and detail
• Ability to differentiate between various types of tissues
• Capability to detect small abnormalities that might be missed on standard X-rays
• Three-dimensional imaging for better visualization of complex structures

How does an abdominal CT scan work?

During the procedure, a large donut-shaped machine emits X-ray beams that rotate around the patient’s body. As these beams pass through the abdominal tissues, they are absorbed at different rates depending on the density of the structures they encounter. Detectors on the opposite side of the body capture this information, which is then processed by a computer to create detailed cross-sectional images.

Common Reasons for Prescribing an Abdominal CT Scan

Physicians may recommend an abdominal CT scan for various reasons, often when other diagnostic methods have not provided sufficient information. Some common indications include:

• Persistent abdominal pain of unknown origin
• Unexplained weight loss
• Suspected abdominal masses or tumors
• Evaluation of kidney stones
• Diagnosis of appendicitis or other inflammatory conditions
• Assessment of intestinal obstructions
• Investigation of abdominal trauma
• Monitoring of known cancers

Why might a doctor choose a CT scan over other imaging techniques? CT scans offer several advantages in certain situations:

1. Speed: CT scans are typically faster than MRI scans, making them preferable in emergency situations or for patients who have difficulty remaining still for extended periods.
2. Comfort: For individuals who experience claustrophobia, CT scans are often more tolerable than MRI scans, which require patients to lie in an enclosed space.
3. Cost-effectiveness: CT scans are generally less expensive than MRI scans, making them a more accessible option for many patients.
4. Detail: CT scans provide more detailed images of bones and soft tissues compared to traditional X-rays, allowing for a more comprehensive evaluation of abdominal structures.

Preparing for Your Abdominal CT Scan: Essential Steps

Proper preparation is crucial for ensuring the accuracy and effectiveness of an abdominal CT scan. Your healthcare provider will provide specific instructions, but general guidelines typically include:

Fasting requirements

You will likely be asked to fast for 2-4 hours before the scan. This helps ensure clear images of your abdominal organs and reduces the risk of nausea during the procedure.

Medication considerations

Inform your doctor about all medications you are taking, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements. You may be advised to temporarily discontinue certain medications before the scan.

Clothing and accessories

Wear comfortable, loose-fitting clothing to the appointment. You may be provided with a hospital gown to wear during the scan. Remove all metal objects, including jewelry, eyeglasses, dentures, and hearing aids, as these can interfere with the imaging process.

Contrast material

Depending on the purpose of your scan, you may be required to drink a contrast solution or receive an intravenous (IV) contrast dye. Oral contrast agents, such as barium or Gastrografin, help enhance the visibility of your gastrointestinal tract. IV contrast dye, typically iodine-based, highlights blood vessels and organs.

The Abdominal CT Scan Procedure: What to Expect

Understanding the CT scan process can help alleviate anxiety and ensure a smooth experience. Here’s what you can expect during your abdominal CT scan:

1. Arrival and preparation: You’ll check in at the radiology department or imaging center and may be asked to change into a hospital gown.
2. Positioning: A CT technician will help you lie down on the procedure table in the correct position for the scan.
3. Contrast administration: If required, contrast material will be administered orally or intravenously. You may experience a warm sensation throughout your body when IV contrast is injected.
4. Scanning process: The table will move into the CT scanner, which resembles a large doughnut. You’ll likely pass through the machine several times as images are captured from different angles.
5. Instructions: The technician may ask you to hold your breath briefly during parts of the scan to ensure clear images.
6. Duration: A typical abdominal CT scan takes between 10 to 30 minutes, depending on the specific area being examined and the number of images required.

Is an abdominal CT scan painful?

The CT scan itself is painless. You may experience slight discomfort from lying still on the procedure table or from the insertion of the IV line if contrast is used. Some patients report a warm or flushed feeling when contrast dye is injected, but this sensation is temporary and harmless.

Contrast Agents in Abdominal CT Scans: Benefits and Considerations

Contrast agents play a crucial role in enhancing the visibility of specific structures during an abdominal CT scan. There are two main types of contrast used:

Oral contrast

Oral contrast agents, such as barium sulfate or Gastrografin, are used to improve visualization of the gastrointestinal tract. These substances are typically ingested as a drink before the scan.

• Barium sulfate: A chalky, milkshake-like liquid that coats the inside of the digestive tract
• Gastrografin: An iodine-based solution that can be used as an alternative to barium, particularly for patients with suspected bowel obstructions or perforations

Intravenous (IV) contrast

IV contrast dye, usually iodine-based, is injected into a vein to highlight blood vessels, organs, and other soft tissues. This type of contrast is particularly useful for detecting tumors, infections, and vascular abnormalities.

Are there potential risks associated with contrast agents? While contrast materials are generally safe, some patients may experience mild side effects or, rarely, allergic reactions. It’s essential to inform your healthcare provider of any allergies or previous reactions to contrast dyes.

Potential Risks and Side Effects of Abdominal CT Scans

While CT scans are generally considered safe and non-invasive, it’s important to be aware of potential risks and side effects:

Radiation exposure

CT scans involve exposure to ionizing radiation, which in high doses can potentially increase the risk of cancer. However, the benefits of diagnostic imaging typically outweigh this small risk for most patients. Medical professionals follow the ALARA principle (As Low As Reasonably Achievable) to minimize radiation exposure.

Contrast-related complications

Some patients may experience side effects from contrast agents, including:

• Nausea or vomiting
• Headache
• Itching or hives
• Rarely, severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis)

Pregnancy considerations

If you are pregnant or suspect you might be, inform your doctor before undergoing a CT scan. While the radiation risk to the fetus is generally low, alternative imaging methods may be recommended when possible.

After Your Abdominal CT Scan: Next Steps and Results

Following your abdominal CT scan, you can typically resume your normal activities immediately. If you received IV contrast, you may be advised to drink plenty of water to help flush the dye from your system.

How long does it take to get CT scan results?

The timeframe for receiving results can vary depending on the facility and the urgency of your case. In some instances, preliminary results may be available within hours, while a full report typically takes a few days. Your healthcare provider will discuss the findings with you and recommend any necessary follow-up actions.

Interpreting CT scan results

A radiologist will analyze your CT images and provide a detailed report to your referring physician. This report will describe any abnormalities or areas of concern observed in the scan. Your doctor will then interpret these findings in the context of your overall health and symptoms to determine the next steps in your care.

Advantages of Abdominal CT Scans in Modern Medicine

Abdominal CT scans have revolutionized the diagnosis and management of various abdominal conditions. Some key advantages of this imaging technique include:

• Rapid and accurate diagnosis of acute abdominal conditions, such as appendicitis or diverticulitis
• Precise staging of abdominal cancers, aiding in treatment planning
• Ability to guide minimally invasive procedures, such as biopsies or drainage of abscesses
• Non-invasive evaluation of internal injuries following trauma
• Monitoring of chronic conditions and assessment of treatment effectiveness

How has the technology behind CT scans evolved? Recent advancements in CT technology have led to:

1. Faster scan times, reducing motion artifacts and patient discomfort
2. Lower radiation doses without compromising image quality
3. Improved spatial resolution, allowing for detection of smaller abnormalities
4. Dual-energy CT, which can provide additional information about tissue composition
5. Integration with artificial intelligence for more accurate and efficient image analysis

These technological improvements continue to enhance the diagnostic capabilities of abdominal CT scans, making them an increasingly valuable tool in modern healthcare.

Comparing Abdominal CT Scans to Other Imaging Modalities

While abdominal CT scans offer numerous benefits, it’s important to understand how they compare to other imaging techniques commonly used in abdominal diagnostics:

CT vs. MRI

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is another advanced imaging technique that can provide detailed images of abdominal structures. How do CT and MRI compare?

• Speed: CT scans are generally faster than MRI scans, making them preferable for emergency situations or patients who have difficulty remaining still for extended periods.
• Radiation: MRI does not use ionizing radiation, which may be advantageous for patients requiring frequent imaging or those particularly sensitive to radiation exposure.
• Soft tissue contrast: MRI typically provides superior soft tissue contrast compared to CT, making it particularly useful for evaluating organs like the liver and pancreas.
• Bone imaging: CT scans are superior for detailed imaging of bony structures.
• Cost: CT scans are generally less expensive than MRI scans.

CT vs. Ultrasound

Ultrasound is another commonly used imaging technique for abdominal evaluation. How does it compare to CT?

• Radiation: Ultrasound does not use ionizing radiation, making it safe for repeated use and during pregnancy.
• Real-time imaging: Ultrasound provides real-time images, which can be useful for evaluating moving structures or guiding procedures.
• Detail: CT scans generally provide more detailed images of deep abdominal structures compared to ultrasound.
• Cost: Ultrasound is typically less expensive than CT scans.
• Accessibility: Ultrasound is more portable and can be performed at the bedside, while CT requires specialized equipment.

The choice between these imaging modalities depends on various factors, including the specific clinical question, patient characteristics, and availability of resources. Your healthcare provider will consider these factors when determining the most appropriate imaging technique for your situation.

Future Developments in Abdominal CT Scanning Technology

The field of medical imaging is continuously evolving, with ongoing research and development aimed at improving the capabilities and safety of abdominal CT scans. Some exciting areas of advancement include:

Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning

AI and machine learning algorithms are being developed to assist radiologists in interpreting CT images more quickly and accurately. These technologies have the potential to:

• Automatically detect and classify abnormalities
• Prioritize urgent cases for immediate review
• Improve consistency in image interpretation
• Assist in quantitative analysis of tissue characteristics

Spectral CT Imaging

Spectral CT, also known as dual-energy CT, uses multiple X-ray energies to provide additional information about tissue composition. This technique offers several potential benefits:

• Improved differentiation between various types of tissues and materials
• Enhanced detection and characterization of lesions
• Reduction in artifacts caused by metal implants
• Potential for reduced contrast agent doses

Ultra-low Dose CT Protocols

Ongoing research is focused on developing CT protocols that maintain image quality while significantly reducing radiation exposure. These advancements may include:

• Improved detector technology for better signal-to-noise ratios
• Advanced image reconstruction algorithms
• Personalized scanning protocols based on patient characteristics

Functional and Molecular Imaging

Future developments may combine CT with other imaging modalities or molecular tracers to provide both anatomical and functional information in a single scan. This could lead to:

• Earlier detection of diseases at a molecular level
• Improved assessment of treatment response
• More personalized treatment planning

As these technologies continue to develop, abdominal CT scans are likely to become even more powerful diagnostic tools, offering increased accuracy, safety, and clinical value in the management of abdominal conditions.

Abdominal CT Scan with Contrast: Purpose, Risks, and More

A CT scan of the abdomen can show the organs, blood vessels, and bones in your abdominal cavity. The multiple images provided give your doctor many different views of your body.

A CT (computed tomography) scan, or CAT scan, is a type of specialized X-ray. The scan can show cross-sectional images of a specific area of the body.

With a CT scan, the machine circles the body and sends the images to a computer, where they’re viewed by a technician.

Keep reading to learn why your doctor may order an abdominal CT scan, how to prepare for your procedure, and any possible risks and complications.

Abdominal CT scans are used when a doctor suspects something might be wrong in the abdominal area but can’t find enough information through a physical exam or lab tests.

Some of the reasons your doctor may want you to have an abdominal CT scan include:

• abdominal pain
• a mass in your abdomen that you can feel
• kidney stones (to check for size and location of the stones)
• unexplained weight loss
• infections, such as appendicitis
• to check for intestinal obstruction
• inflammation of the intestines, such as Crohn’s disease
• injuries following trauma
• recent cancer diagnosis

You may have heard of other imaging exams and wonder why your doctor chose a CT scan over other options.

Your doctor may choose a CT scan over an MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) scan because a CT scan is faster than an MRI. Plus, if you’re uncomfortable in small spaces, a CT scan would likely be a better choice.

An MRI requires you to be inside an enclosed space while loud noises occur all around you. In addition, an MRI is more expensive than a CT scan.

Your doctor may choose a CT scan over an X-ray because it provides more detail than an X-ray does. A CT scanner moves around your body and takes pictures from many different angles. An X-ray takes pictures from one angle only.

Your doctor will probably ask you to fast (not eat) for two to four hours before the scan. You may be asked to stop taking certain medications before your test.

You may want to wear loose, comfortable clothing because you’ll need to lie down on a procedure table. You may also be given a hospital gown to wear. You’ll be instructed to remove items such as:

• eyeglasses
• jewelry, including body piercings
• hair clips
• dentures
• hearing aids
• bras with metal underwire

Depending on the reason why you’re getting a CT scan, you may need to drink a large glass of oral contrast. This is a liquid that contains either barium or a substance called Gastrografin (diatrizoate meglumine and diatrizoate sodium liquid).

Barium and Gastrografin are both chemicals that help doctors get better images of your stomach and bowels. Barium has a chalky taste and texture. You’ll likely wait between 60 and 90 minutes after drinking the contrast for it to move through your body.

Before going into your CT scan, tell your doctor if you:

• are allergic to barium, iodine, or any kind of contrast dye (be sure to tell your doctor and the X-ray staff)
• have diabetes (fasting may lower blood sugar levels)
• are pregnant

About contrast and allergies

In addition to barium, your doctor may want you to have intravenous (IV) contrast dye to highlight blood vessels, organs, and other structures. This will likely be an iodine-based dye.

If you have an iodine allergy or have had a reaction to IV contrast dye in the past, you can still have a CT scan with IV contrast. This is because modern IV contrast dye is less likely to cause a reaction than older versions of iodine-based contrast dyes.

Also, if you have iodine sensitivity, your healthcare provider can premedicate you with steroids to reduce the risk of a reaction.

All the same, be sure to tell your doctor and the technician about any contrast allergies you have.

A typical abdominal CT scan takes from 10 to 30 minutes. It’s performed in a hospital’s radiology department or a clinic that specializes in diagnostic procedures.

1. Once you’re dressed in your hospital gown, a CT technician will have you lie down on the procedure table. Depending on the reason for your scan, you may be hooked up to an IV so that contrast dye can be put into your veins. You’ll probably feel a warm sensation throughout your body when the dye is infused into your veins.
2. The technician may require you to lie in a specific position during the test. They may use pillows or straps to make sure you stay in the right position long enough to get a good quality image. You may also have to hold your breath briefly during parts of the scan.
3. Using a remote control from a separate room, the technician will move the table into the CT machine, which looks like a giant doughnut made of plastic and metal. You’ll most likely go through the machine several times.
4. After a round of scans, you may be required to wait while the technician reviews the images to make sure they’re clear enough for your doctor to read.

The side effects of an abdominal CT scan are most often caused by a reaction to any contrast used. In most cases, they’re mild. However, if they become more severe, you should call your doctor right away.

Side effects of barium contrast can include:

• abdominal cramping
• diarrhea
• nausea or vomiting
• constipation

Side effects of iodine contrast can include:

• skin rash or hives
• itching
• headache

If you’re given either type of contrast and have severe symptoms, call your doctor or go to the emergency room right away. These symptoms include:

• trouble breathing
• rapid heart rate
• swelling of your throat or other body parts

An abdominal CT is a relatively safe procedure, but there are risks. This is especially true for children, who are more sensitive to radiation exposure than adults. Your child’s doctor may order a CT scan only as a last resort, and only if other tests cannot confirm a diagnosis.

Risks of an abdominal CT scan include the following:

Allergic reaction

You may develop a skin rash or itchiness if you’re allergic to the oral contrast. A life-threatening allergic reaction can also happen, but this is rare.

Tell your doctor about any sensitivities to medications or any kidney problems you have. IV contrast raises the risk of kidney failure if you’re dehydrated or have a preexisting kidney problem.

Birth defects

Because exposure to radiation during pregnancy increases the risk of birth defects, it’s important to tell your doctor if you are or might be pregnant. As a precaution, your doctor may suggest another imaging test instead, such as an MRI or an ultrasound.

Slightly increased risk of cancer

You’ll be exposed to radiation during the test. The amount of radiation is higher than the amount used with an X-ray. As a result, an abdominal CT scan slightly increases your risk of cancer.

However, keep in mind that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) estimates that any one person’s risk of cancer from a CT scan is much lower than their risk of getting cancer naturally.

After your abdominal CT scan, you can likely return to your regular daily activities.

Results for an abdominal CT scan typically take one day to process. Your doctor will schedule a follow-up appointment to discuss your results. If your results are abnormal, it could be for several reasons. The test could have found problems, such as:

• kidney problems like kidney stones or infection
• liver problems like alcohol-related liver disease
• Crohn’s disease
• abdominal aortic aneurysm
• cancer, such as in the colon or pancreas

With an abnormal result, your doctor will likely schedule you for more testing to find out more about the problem. When they have all the information they need, your doctor will discuss your treatment options with you. Together, you can create a plan to manage or treat your condition.

Barium Swallow | Johns Hopkins Medicine

What is a barium swallow test?

A barium swallow test (cine esophagram, swallowing study, esophagography, modified barium swallow study, video fluoroscopy swallow study) is a special type of imaging test that uses barium and X-rays to create images of your upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Your upper GI tract includes the back of your mouth and throat (pharynx) and your esophagus.

Barium is used during a swallowing test to make certain areas of the body show up more clearly on an X-ray. The radiologist will be able to see size and shape of the pharynx and esophagus. He or she will also be able see how you swallow. These details might not be seen on a standard X-ray. Barium is used only for imaging tests for the GI tract.

A barium swallow test may be used by itself or as part of an upper GI series. This series looks at your esophagus, stomach, and the first part of the small intestine (duodenum).

Fluoroscopy is often used during a barium swallow test. Fluoroscopy is a kind of X-ray “movie.”

Why is a swallow test done?

A barium swallow test may be done to look for and diagnose problems in
the pharynx and esophagus. You may need a barium swallow test if your
healthcare provider thinks that you have:

• Cancer of the

  head and neck, pharynx, or

  esophagus

• Hiatal hernia. This means that your stomach has moved up into or alongside
  the esophagus.

• Structural problems, such as pouches (diverticula), narrowing
  (strictures), or growths (polyps)

• Enlarged veins (esophageal varices)

• Muscle disorders, such as difficulty swallowing (dysphagia) or spasms

• Achalasia

  . This is a condition in which the lower esophageal sphincter
  muscle doesn’t relax and allow food to pass into the stomach.

• Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

  and ulcers

Your healthcare provider may have other reasons to recommend a barium
swallow test.

What are the risks of a barium swallow test?

The risks of a barium swallow test may include problems from radiation
exposure, birth defects and intestinal issues. You should ask your
healthcare provider about the risks as they apply to you.

How can I manage my X-ray exposure?

You may want to ask your healthcare provider about the amount of radiation
used during the swallowing test. Consider writing down all X-rays you get,
including past scans and X-rays for other health reasons. Show this list to
your provider. The risks of radiation exposure may be tied to the number of
X-rays you have and the X-ray treatments you have over time.

How will a barium swallow test affect my stool?

You may have constipation or impacted stool after the swallowing test if
all of the barium does not pass out of your body.

Is it safe to have a barium swallow test while pregnant?

You should also not have a barium swallow test if you are pregnant.
Radiation exposure during pregnancy may lead to birth defects. Tell your
provider if you are pregnant or think you may be pregnant.

When should I avoid a barium swallow test?

You should avoid a barium swallow test if you have any of the following:

• A tear or hole in your esophagus or intestines (perforation)

• Blockage in your intestines or severe constipation

• Severe problems with swallowing. This makes it more likely that
  barium would accidentally go into your lungs (aspiration).

You may have other risks depending on your specific health condition. Tell
your provider if you are allergic to or sensitive to medicines, contrast
dyes, local anesthesia, iodine, or latex. Be sure to talk with your
provider about any concerns you have before the procedure.

How do I prepare for a barium swallow test?

You can prepare for a barium swallow test by considering the following:

• Your healthcare provider will explain the barium swallow test to
  you. Ask him or her any questions you have about the swallowing
  test.

• You may be asked to sign a consent form that gives permission to do
  the swallowing test. Read the form carefully and ask questions if
  anything is not clear.

• You will need to stop eating and drinking for about 8 hours before
  the swallowing test. Generally, this means after midnight.

• Tell your provider if you are pregnant or think you may be pregnant
  before scheduling a barium swallow test.

• Tell your provider if you are sensitive to or are allergic to any
  medicines, latex, tape, or anesthetic medicines (local and general)
  before scheduling a swallowing test.

• Tell your provider about all medicines you are taking. This
  includes prescriptions, over-the-counter medicines, and herbal
  supplements. You may need to stop taking these before the
  swallowing test.

• Tell your healthcare provider if you have had a recent barium
  swallow or upper GI test. This may make it harder to get good
  X-rays of the lower GI area during a barium swallow test.

• Follow any other instructions your provider gives you to get ready
  for the swallowing test.

What does a barium swallow test involve?

Generally, a barium swallow test involves the following process:

• You’ll be asked to remove any clothing, jewelry, or other objects
  that may get in the way of the swallowing test.

• You may be asked to remove clothing. If so, you will be given a
  gown to wear.

• You will lie on an X-ray table that can move you from a horizontal
  to an upright position. You may also be asked to change positions
  during the swallowing test. For example, you may need to lie on
  your side, back, or stomach.

• The radiologist may take X-rays of your chest and belly (abdomen)
  first.

• The radiologist will ask you to take a swallow of a thick, chalky
  barium drink. The barium is usually flavored, but it may not taste
  very good.

• As you swallow the barium, the radiologist will take single
  pictures, a series of X-rays, or fluoroscopy to watch the barium
  moving through your mouth and throat.

• You may be asked to hold your breath at certain times during the
  test.

• You will be given a thinner barium drink to swallow. The
  radiologist will use X-rays or fluoroscopy to watch the barium go
  down your esophagus. You may also be asked to swallow a barium
  tablet. This is a small pill that can help to show certain problems
  in the esophagus.

• Once the radiologist has taken all of the X-rays, you’ll be helped
  from the table.

A barium swallow test may be performed as an outpatient procedure or as
part of your stay in a hospital. The way the test is done may vary
depending on your condition and your healthcare provider’s practices.

What happens after a barium swallow test?

You may go back to your normal diet and activities after a barium swallow
test, unless your healthcare provider tells you otherwise.

How do I manage constipation after a swallowing test?

Barium may cause constipation or impacted stool after the swallowing test
if it isn’t completely cleared from your body. You can manage constipation
by drinking plenty of fluids and eating foods high in fiber to help the
rest of the barium leave your body. You may also be given a laxative to
help with this.

Your bowel movements may be white or lighter in color until all the barium
has left your body.

What are some serious side effects after a barium swallow test?

Call your healthcare provider right away if any of these happen after your
barium swallow test:

• Trouble with bowel movements or you are unable to have a bowel
  movement or pass gas

• Pain or swelling of the abdomen

• Stools that are smaller in size than normal

• Fever

Your healthcare provider may give you other instructions, depending on your
situation.

Swallowing Center

The Johns Hopkins Swallowing Center offers specialized swallowing evaluation, diagnosis and treatment for patients with swallowing disorders. Our multi-specialty team includes laryngologists, speech-language pathologists and other specialists, who work together to provide you with personalized and compassionate care. 

Learn more about the Swallowing Center

CT scan of the abdominal cavity – computed tomography of the abdominal cavity with interpretation in Moscow: addresses, prices | Dikul Center

CT scan of the abdominal cavity – computed tomography of the abdominal cavity with interpretation in Moscow: addresses, prices | Center of Dikul | Center Dikul

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• Computed tomography
• Abdominal CT scan

Computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen is a non-invasive diagnostic imaging procedure that uses a combination of x-rays and computer technology to produce horizontal or axial images (sections) of the body. CT can be done with or without “contrast”. The contrast may be given orally or intravenously.

Abdominal CT can provide more detailed information about abdominal organs and structures than standard abdominal x-rays.

Abdominal CT can also be used to visualize the abdominal organs for more accurate biopsy or aspiration of fluid from the abdomen. Abdominal CT allows monitoring of tumors and other pathologies of the abdomen, before and after treatment.

Indications for abdominal CT

Abdominal CT scan is ordered when the doctor suspects that there is an abnormality in the abdomen, but cannot obtain enough information through a physical examination or laboratory tests.

Some reasons why abdominal CT may be recommended:

• abdominal pain
• Abdominal mass on palpation
• kidney stones (to check the size and location of stones)
• unexplained weight loss
• infections such as appendicitis
• suspected intestinal obstruction
• intestinal inflammation such as Crohn’s disease
• abdominal injuries
• having a diagnosis of cancer

Computed tomography risks

• Radiation risks may be associated with the cumulative number of x-rays and/or lengthy procedures.
• Radiation exposure during pregnancy may cause birth defects.
• When using a contrast agent, there is a risk of an allergic reaction to the carrier.
• If the patient is taking metformin/glucophage or another drug, the patient may be asked to stop taking the drug for at least 48 hours after the contrast medium is injected, as this can cause a condition called metabolic acidosis.
• Patients with kidney failure or other kidney problems should notify their physician. In some cases, contrast media can cause kidney failure, especially if the person is dehydrated or already has kidney disease.

Certain factors or conditions can affect the accuracy of an abdominal CT scan. These factors include, but are not limited to:

• Metal objects inside the abdomen, such as surgical clamps
• Barium in the intestine after a recent study
• Stool and/or intestinal gas
• Total Hip Replacement

How to prepare for a CT scan?

• Precautions: Pregnancy – other testing methods are recommended to reduce the risk of fetal exposure to radiation.
• Clothing: The patient may be asked to change into a disposable gown. It is necessary to remove all piercings and leave all jewelry and valuables at home.
• Contrast media: CT with or without contrast media
• Some patients should not have iodine-based contrast agents, especially if they have impaired renal function.
• The patient will be asked to sign a consent form detailing the risks and side effects associated with the contrast medium.
• The most common type of contrast-enhanced CT scan is the dual-contrast study, in which contrast is administered both orally and intravenously.
• Allergy: when planning a CT scan, it is necessary to report if there has been an allergic reaction to any contrast agent. Contrast will not be used if the patient has had a severe or anaphylactic reaction to any contrast media in the past.
• Eating/Drinking: If the doctor has ordered a CT scan without contrast, the patient may eat, drink, and take prescribed medications prior to the examination. If the doctor ordered a CT scan with contrast, three hours before the examination, it is recommended to avoid eating and drink clear liquids.

Diabetes: Diabetics should eat a light breakfast or lunch three hours before the scan time. Depending on oral diabetes medications, the patient may be asked to stop using the medication within 48 hours of the CT scan.

Medications: All patients can take their prescribed medications as usual.

What happens during a CT scan?

CT can be performed on an outpatient basis or as part of a patient’s hospital stay.

Typically, a CT scan proceeds as follows:

• The patient may be asked to change into a patient gown. All piercings and jewelry must be removed.
• If the patient is undergoing a procedure with contrast, the contrast is administered intravenously and may also be administered orally. In some situations, contrast may be administered rectally.
• The patient will lie on a scanning table that slides into the large round opening of the scanner. pillows and belts may be used to prevent movement during the procedure.
• The X-ray technician will be in another room where the scanner controls are located. However, the patient will be in the field of view of the laboratory assistant through the window and there is an audio link.
• When the scanner starts to rotate around the patient, the X-ray beams will pass through the body for a short period of time. The patient may hear clicking sounds.
• X-rays absorbed by body tissues will be detected by the scanner and transferred to a computer. The computer converts the information into an image for interpretation by the radiologist.
• It is important that the patient remains very calm during the procedure. During the procedure, the patient may be asked to hold their breath at different times.
• If a contrast agent is used for the procedure, the patient may experience some effects from the injection of contrast such as a feeling of redness, a salty or metallic taste in the mouth, a short-term headache or nausea and/or vomiting. These effects usually last for several minutes.
• The patient should notify the technician if they experience difficulty breathing, sweating, numbness, or rapid heart rate.
• After the procedure is completed, the patient dismounts from the scanner.

Although the CT procedure itself does not cause pain, the need to remain still during the entire procedure may cause some discomfort or pain, especially in the case of a recent injury or an invasive procedure such as surgery.

What happens after a CT scan?

If contrast was used during the procedure, the patient may be monitored for some time for any side effects or reactions to the contrast dye, such as itching, swelling, rash, or difficulty breathing.

If a patient notices pain, redness and/or swelling at the site of intravenous contrast after returning home, they should report this to their physician as this may indicate an infection or other complication.

If there are no reactions, the patient may resume normal diet and exercise.

What do abnormal CT scan results mean?

Abdominal CT may show some types of cancer, including:

• Cancer of the renal pelvis or ureter
• Colon cancer
• Hepatocellular carcinoma
• Lymphoma
• Melanoma
• Ovarian cancer
• Pancreatic cancer
• Pheochromocytoma
• Kidney cancer
• Cancer metastases from other areas of the body

Abdominal CT may reveal problems with the gallbladder, liver, or pancreas, including:

• Acute cholecystitis
• Alcoholic liver disease
• Cholelithiasis
• Abscess of the pancreas
• Pancreatic pseudocyst
• Pancreatitis
• Blockage of bile ducts

Abdominal CT may reveal the following kidney problems:

• Kidney blockage
• Hydronephrosis (swelling of the kidney from backflow of urine)
• Kidney infection
• Kidney stones
• Injury to the kidneys or ureters
• Polycystic kidney disease

Abnormal results can also be caused by:

• Abdominal aortic aneurysm
• Abscesses
• Appendicitis
• thickening of the intestinal wall
• Crohn’s disease
• renal artery stenosis
• renal vein thrombosis

Examination methods other than CT can be used to diagnose abdominal pathologies: MRI, PET, abdominal ultrasound, endoscopic procedures such as colonoscopy, etc.

Treatment

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• Traumatology and Orthopedics
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• Dietetics
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Making an appointment

Types of examinations CT

• brain CT
• chest CT
• CT of teeth
• CT scan of the lungs
• CT scan of the sinuses
• jaw CT
• CT scan of the spine
• Abdominal CT
• CT scan of the knee
• CT scan of the temporal bones
• CT scan of the cervical spine
• CT of the vessels of the brain
• Liver CT
• CT scan of the hip joint
• jaw CT
• Head CT
• kidney CT
• Shoulder CT
• CT scan of the adrenal glands
• CT scan of the ankle
• CT scan of the thoracic spine
• CT scan of the pelvis
• CT angiography of the vessels of the lower extremities
• CT scan of the pancreas
• CT scan of the stomach and intestines
• CT of the bones of the facial skeleton
• ear CT
• CT scan of the abdominal aorta
• CT foot
• CT pituitary
• CT of chest ribs
• Elbow CT
• CT scan of the gallbladder
• face CT
• CT coccyx
• CT scan of the pulmonary veins
• CT scan of the temporomandibular joint
• CT scan of the thyroid gland
• CT scan of the thymus
• Lung CT with contrast
• Neck CT

Computed tomography

• All specialists
• category-1″> Center Belyaevo
• Center Losiny Ostrov
• Maryino Center
• Center Krylatskoe

Koimshidi Olga Alekseevna

MRC Belyaevo

Kondratyeva Irina Viktorovna

MRC Belyaevo

Sedov Victor Alekseevich

MRC Belyaevo 900 03

Lamonov Pavel Yurievich

MRC Belyaevo

Intestinal CT scan: indications and preparation

Computed tomography is a non-invasive diagnostic method that provides detailed images of internal organs. CT quickly and painlessly determines the sources of the problem, gives an assessment and location of the pathological process. You can take a test at the DonMed clinic at any time by appointment.
You can learn more about how the examination is carried out and prices for CT by clicking on the link.

The essence of computed tomography

CT in gastroenterology and other areas of medicine combines the use of an X-ray unit and computer processing of the resulting image. The method gives complete and clear images, unlike conventional X-ray examination. During the scan, the doctor receives a whole series of images, the thickness of the sections is from 1 mm, which makes it possible to detect even the smallest formations, pathological processes in the early stages of development.

Some patients are treated with contrast-enhanced CT, which is the injection of contrast agents that stain tissues with intense blood flow. In the pictures, the affected areas will have a brighter color, which allows you to get more information about the location, extent and overall nature of the oncological processes. Contrast is administered intravenously, orally, or in a combination way. The decision on the advisability of contrasting is decided on an individual basis, taking into account the anamnesis, diagnostic tasks.

Indications for examination

CT scan of the intestine is most often required to identify the causes of obstruction, identify volumetric formations, and pathological processes in the intestinal walls. CT detects ulcerative foci, inflammatory processes. The patient can be referred for research for differential diagnosis:

• stenosis;
• diverticulitis;
• bleeding;
• damage to the walls of the small, large intestine;
• autoimmune pathologies that affect the gastrointestinal tract, such as Crohn’s disease;
• ulcerative processes;
• malignant and benign formations.

The study may be indicated to assess the condition of the intestine after injuries, foreign bodies. CT scan is often required before surgery to accurately determine the scope of work, to assess the features of the anatomy.

Bowel CT preparation

Ignoring preparation recommendations will lead to inaccurate examination results, so it is important to properly prepare for the procedure. 2-3 days before CT it is necessary to switch to a diet, exclude:

• foods that cause increased gas formation: raw vegetables and fruits in large quantities, legumes, all types of cabbage, sour milk, sour products;
• fatty, fried;
• carbonated drinks;
• alcohol.

For three days it is necessary to exclude preparations containing iron, activated charcoal and other agents that fix feces and can provoke constipation. The day before the procedure, switch to liquid food, broths, water without gas. On the eve of the CT scan, it is necessary to clean the intestines with an enema or laxatives recommended by the doctor. The last meal is 6 hours before the procedure.

If the patient has documents related to the disease, for example, the results of previous examinations, examination protocols, extracts from the medical book, it is better to take them with you. The documents will be returned after the CT scan.

Contraindications to CT

Absolute contraindication to the study is pregnancy. Due to radiation exposure, it is also not recommended for young children. If CT with contrast is planned, then additional contraindications are:

• intolerance to iodine-containing preparations;
• renal, hepatic insufficiency;
• diabetes mellitus.

Relative contraindication – breastfeeding. In this case, the woman needs to stop feeding until the contrast agent leaves the body.

How is the study going?

The procedure involves infusing the intestines with air or carbon dioxide to spread the intestinal loops for improved visualization and detection of pathological processes in hidden areas. The patient is placed on a movable table, fixed in the desired position and pushed into the apparatus, as if into a tunnel. You need to lie still.

There is noise during the scan, special headphones or ear plugs are offered for comfort. The duration of CT is about 20-30 minutes. During the study, a series of black-and-white images are obtained, which are studied by the doctor. The patient can collect the results approximately one hour after the examination.

Intestinal CT at the DonMed clinic is performed on an expert-level tomograph, which ensures the accuracy of the study and the high quality of the images obtained. Our specialists carry out diagnostics of any part of the body quickly, professionally and efficiently. With the results of the research, you can make an appointment with the right specialist to determine further treatment tactics. For more information and to book an appointment, please call the phone number provided.

You can find out the prices for CT by clicking on the link.

The staff of the medical center consists of experienced, competent doctors who constantly improve their skills and know everything about innovative diagnostic methods. We value the health of our patients and approach treatment with the utmost responsibility and attention. Due to advanced expert-class equipment, diagnostics is highly effective and safe.

As a useful bonus, a 5% discount is provided for patients who belong to a social group.

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