What are the most effective creams for treating various skin rashes. How do different types of rashes manifest and what causes them. What are the best prevention methods and treatment options for skin rashes.

Understanding Skin Rashes: Types and Causes

Skin rashes are a common ailment that can affect people of all ages. They manifest as changes in skin color, texture, or appearance, often accompanied by itching, burning, or discomfort. But what exactly causes these irritating skin conditions?

There are numerous types of skin rashes, each with their own unique characteristics and causes:

• Contact dermatitis: Caused by direct contact with irritants or allergens
• Atopic dermatitis (eczema): Often linked to genetics and environmental factors
• Psoriasis: An autoimmune condition resulting in rapid skin cell turnover
• Heat rash: Occurs when sweat ducts become blocked in hot, humid conditions
• Fungal infections: Such as ringworm or athlete’s foot
• Viral rashes: Associated with conditions like chickenpox or shingles
• Hives: An allergic reaction causing raised, itchy welts

Understanding the specific type of rash is crucial for selecting the most appropriate treatment. While some rashes may be merely annoying, others can indicate more serious underlying health issues. When in doubt, it’s always best to consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis.

Top Anti-Itch Creams for Rash Relief

When it comes to finding relief from itchy, irritated skin, choosing the right anti-itch cream can make all the difference. Here’s a rundown of some of the best options available:

1. Sarna Original Anti-Itch Lotion

Sarna Original Anti-Itch Lotion stands out as a versatile solution for various skin irritations. Its active ingredients, pramoxine hydrochloride and menthol, work together to provide quick relief from itching and discomfort. This lotion is particularly effective for:

• Dry skin in winter months
• Minor scrapes and burns
• Insect bites
• General skin irritation

2. Aveeno Anti-Itch Concentrated Lotion

For those struggling with dry, itchy skin, Aveeno Anti-Itch Concentrated Lotion offers a soothing solution. Its formula includes colloidal oatmeal, known for its skin-calming properties. This lotion is ideal for:

• General skin dryness
• Poison ivy reactions
• Bug bites
• Mild rashes

3. CeraVe Baby Moisturizing Lotion

When it comes to sensitive young skin, CeraVe Baby Moisturizing Lotion provides gentle yet effective relief. This hypoallergenic formula offers:

• 24-hour hydration
• Restoration of the skin’s protective barrier
• Free from parabens, phthalates, and fragrances

4. Cortizone 10 Maximum Strength

For those needing more potent relief, Cortizone 10 Maximum Strength offers a powerful solution. This cream contains hydrocortisone, a topical steroid that effectively reduces inflammation and itching. It’s particularly useful for:

• Eczema flare-ups
• Severe itching
• Allergic skin reactions

When selecting an anti-itch cream, it’s essential to consider the active ingredients and potential irritants. Always read labels carefully and consult with a healthcare provider if you have concerns about using a particular product.

Natural Remedies for Skin Rash Relief

While over-the-counter creams can be highly effective, many people prefer natural remedies for treating skin rashes. These options can be particularly appealing for those with sensitive skin or those looking to avoid potential side effects of medicated creams.

Aloe Vera

Aloe vera has been used for centuries to soothe and heal skin irritations. Its natural anti-inflammatory and cooling properties make it an excellent choice for:

• Sunburns
• Minor rashes
• Dry, itchy skin

Coconut Oil

Known for its moisturizing and antimicrobial properties, coconut oil can be an effective natural remedy for certain skin conditions. It may help with:

• Eczema
• Dry skin
• Minor fungal infections

Oatmeal Baths

Colloidal oatmeal has long been recognized for its skin-soothing abilities. An oatmeal bath can provide relief for:

• Widespread rashes
• Chickenpox
• Poison ivy or oak reactions

While these natural remedies can be effective, it’s important to note that they may not be suitable for all types of rashes. For persistent or severe skin conditions, it’s always best to seek professional medical advice.

Treating Specific Types of Rashes

Different types of rashes often require specific treatment approaches. Let’s explore some common rashes and their recommended treatments:

Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis)

Eczema is a chronic condition characterized by dry, itchy, and inflamed skin. Treatment often involves:

• Moisturizing regularly with fragrance-free lotions or creams
• Using topical corticosteroids for flare-ups
• Identifying and avoiding triggers
• Considering prescription medications for severe cases

Psoriasis

Psoriasis is an autoimmune condition causing rapid skin cell turnover, resulting in scaly, itchy patches. Treatment options include:

• Topical corticosteroids
• Vitamin D analogues
• Light therapy
• Systemic medications for severe cases

Contact Dermatitis

This type of rash occurs when the skin comes into contact with an irritant or allergen. Treatment typically involves:

• Identifying and avoiding the triggering substance
• Using cool compresses to soothe the skin
• Applying over-the-counter hydrocortisone cream
• Taking oral antihistamines for relief from itching

Remember, while these treatments can be effective, persistent or severe rashes should always be evaluated by a healthcare professional to ensure proper diagnosis and treatment.

Prevention Strategies for Skin Rashes

While not all rashes can be prevented, there are several strategies you can employ to reduce your risk of developing skin irritations:

1. Maintain Good Skin Hygiene

Keeping your skin clean and well-moisturized is crucial for preventing many types of rashes. This includes:

• Washing your hands regularly
• Showering after excessive sweating
• Using mild, fragrance-free soaps
• Applying moisturizer daily, especially after bathing

2. Identify and Avoid Triggers

Many rashes are caused by specific triggers. By identifying and avoiding these triggers, you can significantly reduce your risk of developing a rash. Common triggers include:

• Certain foods
• Specific fabrics or materials
• Environmental allergens like pollen or dust
• Stress

3. Protect Your Skin

Taking steps to protect your skin from environmental factors can help prevent rashes. This includes:

• Wearing sunscreen to prevent sunburn
• Using insect repellent to avoid bug bites
• Wearing protective clothing when working with potential irritants

4. Manage Underlying Health Conditions

Some rashes are associated with underlying health conditions. Managing these conditions effectively can help prevent rash outbreaks. This may involve:

• Following prescribed treatment plans for conditions like eczema or psoriasis
• Managing stress levels
• Maintaining a healthy diet and lifestyle

By incorporating these prevention strategies into your daily routine, you can significantly reduce your risk of developing uncomfortable and unsightly skin rashes.

When to Seek Medical Attention for a Skin Rash

While many skin rashes can be effectively treated at home, there are situations where professional medical attention is necessary. But how do you know when it’s time to see a doctor?

Signs that Warrant Medical Attention

Consider seeking medical help if your rash:

• Is accompanied by fever, severe pain, or difficulty breathing
• Spreads rapidly or covers a large area of your body
• Shows signs of infection (warmth, swelling, pus)
• Persists for more than a week despite home treatment
• Interferes with daily activities or sleep
• Is accompanied by other concerning symptoms

What to Expect at the Doctor’s Office

When you visit a healthcare provider for a rash, they will likely:

1. Take a detailed medical history
2. Perform a physical examination of the affected area
3. Ask about potential triggers or exposures
4. Possibly order tests (like skin scrapings or blood tests) if needed
5. Provide a diagnosis and treatment plan

Remember, it’s always better to err on the side of caution when it comes to your health. If you’re unsure about the severity of your rash or if you’re concerned about your symptoms, don’t hesitate to consult with a healthcare professional.

The Impact of COVID-19 on Skin Rashes

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought attention to various symptoms associated with the virus, including skin manifestations. But how exactly does COVID-19 affect the skin, and what should you know about these rashes?

COVID-19 Related Skin Rashes

Several types of skin rashes have been observed in COVID-19 patients:

• Chilblain-like lesions (often called “COVID toes”)
• Maculopapular rashes (flat or raised red areas)
• Urticaria (hives)
• Vesicular eruptions (fluid-filled blisters)
• Livedo reticularis (a net-like pattern on the skin)

When to Be Concerned

If you develop a new rash, especially if accompanied by other COVID-19 symptoms such as fever, cough, or loss of taste or smell, it’s important to:

1. Self-isolate immediately
2. Contact your healthcare provider for guidance
3. Consider getting tested for COVID-19

Treatment of COVID-19 Related Rashes

Treatment for COVID-19 related skin manifestations typically involves:

• Symptomatic relief (such as using moisturizers or anti-itch creams)
• Treating the underlying COVID-19 infection as directed by healthcare professionals
• Monitoring for any worsening of symptoms

It’s important to note that while skin rashes can be associated with COVID-19, they can also be caused by many other factors. Always consult with a healthcare provider for proper diagnosis and treatment.

Future Developments in Skin Rash Treatment

The field of dermatology is constantly evolving, with new treatments and technologies emerging to better address skin conditions. What developments can we expect in the future of skin rash treatment?

Personalized Medicine

Advancements in genetic research are paving the way for more personalized approaches to treating skin conditions. This could involve:

• Tailored treatments based on an individual’s genetic profile
• More accurate prediction of treatment responses
• Customized prevention strategies

Biologic Therapies

Biologic drugs, which target specific parts of the immune system, are showing promise in treating severe skin conditions. Future developments may include:

• New biologic therapies for conditions like eczema and psoriasis
• Improved delivery methods for these medications
• Combination therapies for enhanced efficacy

Nanotechnology

The application of nanotechnology in dermatology could revolutionize how we treat skin rashes. Potential benefits include:

• Enhanced drug delivery to targeted areas of the skin
• Improved efficacy of topical treatments
• Development of new diagnostic tools

Artificial Intelligence in Diagnosis

AI and machine learning are being increasingly used in dermatology. Future applications could involve:

• More accurate and faster diagnosis of skin conditions
• Improved tracking of treatment progress
• Early detection of potential skin issues

While these developments are exciting, it’s important to remember that they are still in various stages of research and development. As always, consult with healthcare professionals for current, evidence-based treatments for your skin conditions.

The 10 Best Anti-Itch Creams of 2021

Our editors independently research, test, and recommend the best products; you can learn more about our
review process here.
We may receive commissions on purchases made from our chosen links.

First Look

Best Overall: Sarna Original Anti-Itch at Amazon

“It’s a great solution for dry skin in the winter, and is an effective remedy to minor scrapes, burns, and insect bites.”

Best for Dry Skin: Aveeno Anti-Itch Concentrated Lotion at Amazon

“This lotion is a great option for general dryness, poison ivy, bug bites, rashes, and other light skin irritations.”

Best for Children: CeraVe Baby Moisturizing Lotion at Dermstore

“This lotion provides 24-hour hydration and helps restore the skin’s protective outer layer without any parabens, phthalates, or fragrances.”

Best for Bug Bites: After Bite at Amazon

“It comes in an easy-to-apply container, for convenience in any outdoor setting—no messy application required. “

Best for Pruritus: EmuaidMAX at Amazon

“EmuaidMAX contains Argentum Metallicum and kills bacteria, fungus, and mold on contact.”

Best for Eczema: Eucerin Eczema Relief at Amazon

“Eucerin is fragrance and steroid-free, which is necessary as individuals with eczema can be extra sensitive to unnatural chemical additives.”

Best for Delicate Areas: Vagisil Anti-Itch Sensitive Cream at Amazon

“Vagisil is hypoallergenic and is able to heal every day itches as well as the itchy side effects of yeast infections.”

Best for Allergies: CeraVe Moisturizing Cream for Itch Relief at Amazon

“It’s clinically tested and developed with dermatologists, with 100 percent of people reporting an improvement in their skin within the first couple of minutes.”

Best for Shingles: DermaChange Symptoms Relief at Amazon

“DermaChange Symptoms Relief cream contains all-natural ingredients, for irritant-free healing that works to balance the pH level of the skin. “

Best Strongest: Cortizone 10 Maximum Strength at Amazon

“It cools irritation while soothing a variety of skin irritations, thanks to its fast-acting, no-nonsense formula.”

Many individuals experience some sort of skin irritation within their lifetime. Whether that means dry hands due to cold weather or an eczema outbreak from stress and anxiety, itchy skin is annoying for everyone. Anti-itch cream is an easy, over-the-counter solution for many common causes of skin irritation and itchiness.

When choosing an anti-itch cream, it’s important to consider active ingredients that may cause an unwanted reaction, the soothing properties it contains, and the ingredients that target the problem you’re facing. 

Here are a few of the best itch creams on the market that target everything from general dryness to chronic skin conditions.

Final Verdict

When it comes to overall itch relief, Sarna Original Anti-Itch Lotion is a great place to start. It alleviates irritation from cuts, burns, and bug bites, and can be used daily. If you’re looking for something a little stronger Cortizone 10 Maximum Strength can help moisturize and relieve the most irritated skin. It’s important to note that while all of these anti-itch creams are able to assist with minor to medium irritations, they may not be able to heal skin irritations entirely. If you aren’t feeling any better after a week or two of use, it may be time to consult your dermatologist.

What to Look for in an Anti-Itch Cream

Active Ingredient

An anti-itch cream’s active ingredient is the element that will make the biggest healing difference on your skin. This can range from natural elements like aloe vera to more medical elements like menthol. The active ingredient determines what the cream focuses on healing.

“When looking for anti-itch cream, the key thing is the active ingredient. Hydrocortisone is great for inflammatory skin conditions such as eczema, psoriasis, and bug bites. Menthol and camphor are good for nerve itch such as brachoradial pruritus or possibly post-herpetic (post shingles) pain, only if it is mild,” says Dr. Chang. “If severe, please see your dermatologist as soon as possible for additional treatments. Topical anesthetics such as pramoxine (found in Sarna sensitive) help with histamine related itch such as hives. Please note: I do not recommend topical Benadryl for any types of skin itch. It has been known to cause contact dermatitis.”

Possible Irritants

Another thing to note when looking for an anti-itch cream is possible irritants. This is especially important for individuals with sensitive skin; if you generally avoid fragrances, parabens, sulfates, and other chemical additives, it’s best to do that when picking out anti-itch creams as well. Unnatural ingredients like steroids, while often effective for medical purposes, may have undesirable effects. Ultimately, individuals need to be aware of what they are putting on their skin so they can make the decision that’s best for them.

Frequently Asked Questions

• Should anti-itch cream burn?

  Ideally, no—but it’s an unfortunate possibility when you use creams versus ointments, says San Francisco-based dermatologist Caren Campbell, M.D. While you shouldn’t expect to feel discomfort after using an anti-itch cream, this type of formulation often contains alcohol, which can burn when applied to skin that is scratched, sensitive and open, explains Dr. Campbell.

  If you find that your anti-itch cream is causing irritation, it’s best to stop and find something that’s gentler on your skin. Ointments, as Dr. Campbell suggests, don’t contain alcohol; they shouldn’t burn, and often stay on the skin better, too.

• Is anti-itch cream safe for tattoos?

  When your fresh tattoo is very fresh, i.e. your skin barrier is still broken, the only topical treatments you should apply are Vaseline, Cerave Healing Ointment, or a prescription antibiotic ointment like mupirocin, says Dr. Campbell. Once your skin barrier is intact again, many anti-itch creams are safe to use on tattoos—but only in the short-term.

  “OTC hydrocortisone ointment for a few days on a tattoo with a normal skin barrier is okay, but long-term use is not recommended as it can thin the skin or make [any fungal] infections worse,” advises Dr. Campbell. 

  You shouldn’t need to use hydrocortisone treatments on your tattoo for more than a few days post-inking; if you’re finding that your tattoo is excessively itchy, there could be something else going on requiring a dermatologist visit.

  “If [your tattoo is itching] and the skin barrier is intact, you might be allergic to the pigment that was used,” Dr. Campbell says, adding that yellow and red inks have been most commonly associated with allergic reactions. “Infection can also be associated with tattoos, so if the itching, irritation, or healing of the tattoo is taking time or is persistent, you should get it checked by a board-certified dermatologist. ”

Why Trust Verywell Health?

As a previous fitness coach, long-time wellness enthusiast, and current health editor, Lily Moe understands the importance of products that meet your individual requirements. As someone who has dealt with eczema, Lily has gone through dozens of anti-itch creams, from heavily medicated to all-natural—she knows how crucial it is to be wise in what ingredients you put on your skin for your specific need! Most importantly, Lily always looks for research and first-hand reviews when it comes to deciding on a product.

Additional reporting to this story by Sarah Bradley

Sarah Bradley has been writing health content since 2017—everything from product roundups and illness FAQs to nutrition explainers and the dish on diet trends. She knows how important it is to receive trustworthy and expert-approved advice about over-the-counter products that manage everyday health conditions, from GI issues and allergies to chronic headaches and joint pain.

Using Hydrocortisone Cream for Skin Rashes

Hydrocortisone cream is a topical corticosteroid used to treat mild inflammatory skin conditions, commonly referred to as dermatitis. Hydrocortisone cream is available over the counter without a prescription in different strengths (such as 0.5% and 1%) as well as in prescription strength (2.5%).

Hydrocortisone works by alleviating the swelling, itching, and redness caused by dermatitis. Corticosteroids are a class of steroid hormone closely related to cortisol, a naturally occurring hormone produced in the adrenal gland.

Hydrocortisone is also an ingredient used in a number of antibacterial or antifungal preparations, such as in athlete’s foot creams or diaper ointments.

Maria Fuchs / Getty Images

Common Conditions Hydrocortisone Creams Can Treat

Hydrocortisone cream is an appropriate treatment for many allergic skin rashes, such as atopic dermatitis (atopic eczema) and allergic contact dermatitis (including poison ivy and poison oak).  It is also good for treating insect bites or stings. Other conditions hydrocortisone creams can treat include:

• Irritant contact dermatitis (caused by contact with a chemical or physical irritant)
• Seborrheic dermatitis (a type affecting the scalp, face, ears, and trunk)
• Psoriasis
• Anal itching
• Itching of the outer female genitals
• Hemorrhoids

The choice and strength of hydrocortisone cream product depend largely on the specific skin condition.

Conditions Hydrocortisone Creams Cannot Treat

Hydrocortisone is not particularly useful for the treatment of hives (urticaria) since they are caused by histamines rather than by skin inflammation.

Histamines are chemicals produced by the immune system to rid your body of allergens (allergy-causing substances). Overreaction of this response can sometimes cause a rash outbreak. In this instance, an oral antihistamine may be the best choice of treatment, although a topical hydrocortisone cream may be prescribed to alleviate local itchiness and swelling.

Other conditions for which hydrocortisone creams are ineffective include:

• Hydrocortisone cannot be used to treat acne and can, in fact, make the condition worse. It should also not be used to treat a skin infection or any broken skin, including blisters, boils, ulcers, or chancre sores.
• While hydrocortisone cream can be used sparingly to treat rash around the genitals, it should never be used in the vagina. Any preparation formulated for hemorrhoid treatment (such as Anusol-HC) should be used on hemorrhoid only and not internally.
• When hydrocortisone cream can be used to treat seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp, it doesn’t actually treat dandruff. Dandruff is typically treated with medicated shampoos that contain either salicylic acid, selenium sulfide, or zinc pyrithione.
• Hydrocortisone cream can make certain skin conditions worse, including impetigo and rosacea. Speak to your doctor if you have any of these conditions.

Hydrocortisone cream may be used on children but exercise caution, particularly in younger children. Speak with your pediatrician before using hydrocortisone cream on babies or toddlers, whether to treat eczema or diaper rash. There may alternative products that are gentler and work just as well.

How to Use

Hydrocortisone cream is typically applied to the affected area of skin from two to three times per day, but a prescription cream may be used less frequently. Apply the cream thinly, rubbing it in until fully absorbed. Treatment can last anywhere from a few days to a few weeks until the rash and itchiness have resolved. Use typically should not exceed four weeks.

Lower-potency versions (such as 0.5% or 1%) can be applied to the face for shorter periods of time, although any area around the eyes should be strictly avoided. Wash your hands thoroughly after use.

If using a moisturizer along with the hydrocortisone cream, apply the moisturizer first and let it absorb for 10 to 15 minutes before using the hydrocortisone.

Side Effects

Long-term use of any topical steroid on the face, particularly high-potency preparations, should also be avoided as this can cause irreversible skin damage.  Repeated use around the eyes or on the eyelids has been known to cause glaucoma. While side effects are rare if a hydrocortisone product is used as directed, they can happen.

Side effects of long term use of topical steroids include:

• Skin atrophy (thinning of the skin)
• Discoloration
• Bruising
• Stretch marks
• Spider veins

Systemic side effects are also rare, but they can be serious.

Stop the medication and contact your doctor if any of these occur:

• Irregular heartbeats (arrhythmia)
• Blurred vision or seeing “halos” around lights
• Insomnia
• Puffy face
• Blistering
• Worsening of the skin condition

A Word From Verywell

Hydrocortisone cream can be very effective in treating mild skin inflammation but should never be used as a cure-all. Because it worked well, for example, in clearing up your rash, don’t presume that you can use it just as effectively on diaper rash or any other skin condition your family may have.

Always read the manufacturer’s insert leaflet to determine if it’s the appropriate treatment and how the product should be used. If in doubt, speak with your pharmacist or doctor.

Types, Symptoms, Treatments, & More

What Are Rashes?

Rashes are abnormal changes in skin color or texture. They usually result from skin inflammation, which can have many causes.

There are many types of rashes, including eczema, granuloma annulare, lichen planus, and pityriasis rosea.

Eczema

Eczema is a general term that describes several different conditions in which skin is inflamed, red, scaly, and itchy. Eczema is a common skin condition, and atopic dermatitis (also called atopic eczema) is one of the most common forms of eczema.

Eczema can affect adults or children. The condition isn’t contagious. View a slideshow to get an overview on eczema.

Causes

We don’t know for sure what causes atopic eczema, but the condition often affects people with a family history of allergies. If you have eczema, you may also have hay fever and/or asthma, or have family members with those conditions.

Some things can trigger a flare-up of eczema or make eczema worse, but they don’t cause the condition. Eczema triggers include stress, skin irritants (including soaps, skin care products, or some fabrics), allergens, and climate/environment. Learn more about the link between allergies and eczema.

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Symptoms

The way eczema looks can vary from person to person. In adults, eczema most often affects the hands, elbows, and “bending” areas like the inside of the elbows and back of your knees. In young children, eczema often shows up inside the elbows, behind the knees, and on the face, back of the neck, and scalp. Signs and symptoms of atopic eczema include:

• Itchiness
• Skin redness
• Dry, scaly, or crusted skin that might become thick and leathery from long-term scratching
• Formation of small, fluid-filled blisters that might ooze when scratched
• Infection of the areas of broken skin

Diagnosis

To diagnose atopic eczema, the doctor will check your skin and ask about your symptoms. They might test an area of scaly or crusty skin to rule out other skin diseases or infections. Find out more on the symptoms and diagnosis of eczema.

Treatment

You can treat eczema with moisturizers that are fragrance-free and contain ingredients such as ceramides, glycerin, and mineral oil. Medications include over-the-counter creams and ointments containing the steroid hydrocortisone (for example, Cortizone-10, Cort-Aid, Dermarest Eczema, Neosporin Eczema). These products may help control the itching, swelling, and redness linked to eczema. Prescription-strength cortisone creams, as well as cortisone pills and shots, are also used for more severe cases.

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For people with mild to moderate eczema, topical immunomodulators (TIMs) can help. TIMS — including brand name products Elidel and Protopic — work by changing the body’s immune response to allergens, preventing flare-ups.

Crisaborole (Eucrisa) is an ointment for mild to moderate psoriasis in those 2 and older.

Dupilumab (Dupixent) is an injectable monoclonal antibody used in patients with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis. It clears the itch quickly in most patients.

Other drugs that might be used for people with eczema include antibiotics (to treat infected skin) and antihistamines (to help control itching).

Phototherapy is another treatment that helps some people with eczema. The ultraviolet light waves found in sunlight have been shown to help treat certain skin disorders, including eczema. Phototherapy uses ultraviolet light — either ultraviolet A (UVA) or ultraviolet B (UVB) — from special lamps to treat people with severe eczema.

Risks linked to phototherapy include burning (usually resembling a mild sunburn), dry skin, itchy skin, freckling, and possible premature aging of the skin. Your health care professionals will work with you to lessen any risks. Get more details about treatments for eczema.

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Prevention

There’s no way to prevent atopic eczema, but you can do things to improve your symptoms:

• Reduce stress
• Avoid scratchy materials (for example, wool) and chemicals such as harsh soaps, detergents, and solvents
• Moisturize often
• Avoid sudden changes in temperature or humidity
• Avoid situations that cause sweating and overheating

Read more on how to prevent eczema flare-ups​​​​​​​.

Granuloma Annulare

Granuloma annulare is a chronic skin condition that consists of a circular-shaped rash with reddish bumps (papules).

Most often, the condition affects children and young adults. Granuloma annulare is slightly more common in girls and usually is seen in people who are otherwise healthy.

Causes

We don’t know what causes granuloma annulare.

Symptoms

People who have granuloma annulare usually notice one or more rings of small, firm bumps over the backs of their forearms, hands, or feet. The rash may be mildly itchy.

Diagnosis

Your doctor can diagnose you. They might use a skin biopsy to confirm you have granuloma annulare.

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Treatment

Treatment of granuloma annulare usually isn’t necessary, except for cosmetic reasons. In some cases, steroid creams or ointments can help the bumps disappear. Some doctors may decide to freeze the lesions with liquid nitrogen or to inject steroids directly into the rings of bumps. Ultraviolet light therapy or oral drugs can be used in serious cases.

See a photo of what granuloma annulare looks like.

Lichen Planus

Lichen planus is a common skin disorder that produces shiny, flat-topped bumps. They often have an angular shape and a reddish-purplish color. Lichen planus can show up anywhere on the skin but often affects the insides of your wrists and ankles, your lower legs, your back, and your neck. Some people have lichen planus inside their mouth, genital region, scalp, and nails. Thick collections of bumps may occur, especially on the shins.

Lichen planus most often affects adults ages 30-70. It isn’t common in very young or elderly people.

Causes

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Doctors think lichen planus is an autoimmune condition, meaning your body’s immune system attacks its own tissues. But they don’t know what causes it. Sometimes lichen planus results from a triggering agent such as hepatitis B or hepatitis C. Doctors call that a lichenoid reaction.

If you’re allergic to medications to treat high blood pressure, heart disease, and arthritis, you could get a lichen planus-type rash. Lichen planus isn’t contagious.

Symptoms

Signs and symptoms of the condition include shiny, flat-topped bumps that are purple or a reddish-purplish color. It’s often itchy. When it shows up on your scalp, lichen planus can lead to hair loss. Lichen planus of the nails can cause brittle or split nails.

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Diagnosis

A doctor can diagnose lichen planus by the way it looks or with the use of a skin biopsy. For this procedure, they’ll take a small bit of skin from the affected area and send it to a lab for testing.

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Treatment

Lichen planus can’t be cured, but you can treat the symptoms with anti-itch products like antihistamines (for example, Benadryl, or diphenhydramine). If lichen planus affects only a small part of the body, you can apply medicated cream to the affected area. In more severe cases, doctors might prescribe steroid shots, prednisone, or other drugs that suppress your immune system. They might also give you retinoids or try light therapy.

View a slideshow to see photos of lichen planus and other skin reactions.

Pityriasis Rosea

Pityriasis rosea is a common skin rash that usually is mild. The condition often begins with a large, scaly, pink patch of skin on your chest or back. Next you’ll notice one patch of pink skin quickly followed by more. Your skin will be itchy and red or inflamed. The number and sizes of spots can vary.

Causes

We don’t know what causes pityriasis rosea. But there is evidence that suggests pityriasis rosea may be caused by a virus because the rash resembles certain viral illnesses. The rash doesn’t seem to spread from person to person.

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Symptoms

The primary symptom of pityriasis rosea is that large, scaly, pink area of skin followed by more itchy, inflamed, or reddened patches. Pityriasis rosea affects the back, neck, chest, abdomen, upper arms, and legs. The rash can differ from person to person.

Diagnosis

A doctor can usually diagnose pityriasis rosea by looking at it. They may do blood tests, scrape your skin, or do a skin biopsy to rule out other skin conditions.

Treatment

If your case is mild, you may not need treatment. Even more serious cases sometimes go away on their own. Oral antihistamines (like diphenhydramine), over-the-counter medications you rub on your skin, and prescription steroids can help soothe the itch.

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Sores may heal faster with some exposure to sunlight or ultraviolet light. Don’t get too much sun, though. In most cases, pityriasis rosea goes away within 6-12 weeks.

See a photo of what pityriasis rosea looks like.

Contact Dermatitis, Nummular Dermatitis, Atopic Dermatitis, and More

Dermatitis simply means skin inflammation, but it embraces a range of ailments. In most people, the early stages of dermatitis are characterized by red, dry, and itchy skin. More serious dermatitis may result in crusty scales, painful cracks, or blisters that ooze fluid. Since many things can irritate the skin, a doctor will try to narrow the diagnosis to a specific category of dermatitis, even though treatment is similar for most types of skin irritation and inflammation.

Types of Dermatitis

Contact dermatitis, including allergic contact dermatitis and irritant contact dermatitis. Contact dermatitis typically causes a pink or red itchy rash. Pinpointing the exact cause of contact dermatitis can be difficult.

Allergic contact dermatitis is a skin allergy to something that touches the skin, even if only briefly. An example of allergic contact dermatitis is poison ivy. It only has to touch the skin for a brief moment to cause dermatitis. Many other plants can cause allergic contact dermatitis, such as certain flowers, herbs, fruits, and vegetables. Other causes of allergic contact dermatitis include: fragrances, hair dyes, metals, rubber, formaldehyde (used as a preservative in many products), and skin care products.

Continued

Irritant contact dermatitis is caused when a harsh substance aggravates the skin by repeatedly contacting it. The most common example of irritant dermatitis is dry, damaged skin due to over-washing of the hands. In this case, the irritant is the water that is drying out and damaging the skin with repeated exposure.

Nummular dermatitis consists of distinctive coin-shaped red plaques that are most commonly seen on the legs, hands, arms, and torso. It is more common in men than in women, and the peak age of onset is between 55 and 65. Living in a dry environment or taking frequent very hot showers can cause this condition.

Atopic dermatitis is the most common form of eczema. It causes the skin to itch, scale, swell, and sometimes blister. This type of eczema usually runs in families and is often associated with allergies, asthma, and stress. Defects in the skin barrier, allowing moisture out and germs in, may also come into play.

Continued

Seborrheic dermatitis, called cradle cap in infants, consists of greasy, yellowish or reddish scaling on the scalp, face, or genitals. When on the face, it is typically in or near the eyebrows, hairline, or along the sides of the nose. Seborrheic dermatitis may be aggravated by stress. Seborrheic dermatitis on the scalp of adults is also known as dandruff.

Stasis dermatitis is caused by poor circulation in the legs and can happen in people with varicose veins, congestive heart failure, or other conditions that cause chronic leg swelling. Veins in the lower legs fail to return blood efficiently, causing pooling of blood and fluid buildup and swelling. This swelling leads to skin irritation and darkening, especially around the ankles.

Oral Lichen Planus: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatments

What Is Oral Lichen Planus?

Oral lichen planus is a long-lasting disease that affects your mouth with symptoms such as white patches, redness, and swelling. It doesn’t go away, but you can keep it under control.

It’s not contagious, but anybody can get it. Women are more likely to have it than men. It’s most common in people older than 40. But kids and young adults can also get it.

Oral Lichen Planus Causes

Doctors aren’t sure what causes oral lichen planus, but several things could play a part:

• It may run in your family.
• It could be linked to your immune system. Most of the time, your immune cells keep you safe by attacking bacteria and viruses. With oral lichen planus, some doctors believe, those cells get confused and attack the lining of your mouth.
• It could be linked to hepatitis C. Many people infected with the virus get it.

Oral Lichen Planus Triggers

Some things can set off the condition for the first time, or they can trigger it if you already have the condition. These include:

Continued

What is certain is that you can’t pass it to anyone else and you didn’t catch it from someone.

Oral Lichen Planus Symptoms

Symptoms can come on slowly or start all at once. You may start out with:

• Dryness
• A metallic, burning taste in your mouth

Then you may see:

• White patches on your tongue, cheeks, and gums. They can be tiny dots or lines that make a lace-like pattern.
• Redness and swelling
• Peeling or blistering

These sores may burn and be painful. They’ll likely hurt the most when you eat or drink foods that are spicy, salty, acidic (orange juice, tomatoes), or alcoholic. Crispy treats and drinks with caffeine can also cause problems.

Your doctor can diagnose oral lichen planus by taking a small piece of skin from inside your mouth. This is called a biopsy. They’ll run tests on it in the lab to see what the problem is. You may also need blood tests to rule out other conditions.

Oral Lichen Planus Treatment

If you feel only a slight roughness in your mouth, you may not need treatment. If you’re in pain or have sores, your doctor may suggest a corticosteroid cream. In rare cases, they might prescribe steroid pills.

If your doctor suspects your immune system is causing your symptoms, they may suggest a medication that turns down its normal response. These include:

• Topical ointment or gel. Calcineurin inhibitors are medications that work somewhat like those you’d take after an organ transplant to help prevent your body from rejecting the new organ. But they come with an FDA warning because they may increase your risk of cancer.
• Systemic medications. You take these by mouth. Your doctor may prescribe them if you’re dealing with oral lichen planus in other parts of your body such as your scalp, genitals, or esophagus.

Oral Lichen Planus Prevention

Watch what you eat and drink. Certain foods and drinks — especially spicy or citrus ones — can make your symptoms worse. Hot or cold foods and drinks can also make you more uncomfortable.

Continued

Stress can also make things worse.

Get rid of any problems that could trigger oral lichen planus or make it worse:

• Have your dentist polish sharp teeth or replace damaged fillings or crowns.
• Talk to your doctor about changing medications that may be to blame.
• Brush twice a day, and floss daily.
• See your dentist twice a year for a cleaning and checkup.
• Use a mild toothpaste and a soft toothbrush.

You also need to keep track of your symptoms and tell your doctor about any changes in your mouth. There’s a slight chance that oral lichen planus can lead to oral cancer. Make sure to get a screening for oral cancer every 6 to 12 months.

It’s also important to enjoy a diet rich in fruit and vegetables. If you smoke, quit. Don’t drink large amounts of alcohol. See your doctor regularly to look for any changes in your mouth.

Rashes: Causes and Treatments

US Pharm.
2008;33(4):12-15.

Rashes are ubiquitous in the
American population, being one of the more common reasons for pharmacy and
physician visits. This is due to the fact that rashes can be caused by many
nonallergenic problems, but also by exposure to thousands of chemicals and
other substances, as well as dozens of other diagnoses. Dermatitis causes over
seven million visits to physicians annually and over 430,000 hospital
outpatient visits.¹ Patients who opt for self-treatment are not
included in these totals, but doubtless encompass millions more.

The Major Categories of
Dermatitis

Several etiologies
are responsible for the majority of dermatitis cases. Pharmacists must have a
thorough understanding of each.

Allergic Contact:
This requires sensitization, with a dermatitis occurring on reexposure.
Therefore, nonsensitized individuals will not react to the potential allergen,
while previously sensitized persons can react violently. Patients can react to
chemicals from which shoes or glasses are made, cosmetics, fragrances,
cleaning solutions, cheap jewelry, clothing, plants, wound dressings, snuff,
and virtually thousands of other substances.^2-10 The lesions are
usually vesicular, with an intense pruritus. Patients more prone to this
problem are those who frequently come into contact with foreign substances,
such as hairdressers.^11,12 Allergic contact dermatitis may be
self-treatable with nonprescription products, unless the patient requires
referral due to complicating issues (see Treatment Guidelines for
Dermatitis).

Irritant Contact:
Irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) occurs when the skin is subjected to
mechanical or chemical irritation that directly damages tissue, and is
responsible for about 80% of cases of contact dermatitis.¹³ ICD can
be differentiated from allergic contact dermatitis in several respects: 1)
symptoms often begin within minutes to hours of exposure; 2) pain, burning,
stinging, and discomfort are often more troublesome than pruritus; 3) red
macules, hyperkeratosis, and fissures are more common than vesicles; and 4)
the epidermis appears glazed or scalded.¹³ Since ICD is
nonallergic, all individuals who undergo similar trauma can suffer the
resultant dermatitis.¹³ ICD can occur from washing the hands too
frequently, as detergents compromise the skin’s natural lipid barrier. ICD is
also common in patients of any age who repeatedly lick their lips. The
pharmacist may discover that the patient has engaged in hazardous activities
that exposed the skin to irritant chemicals such as acids and bases (e.g.,
cleaning car batteries, using powerful cleaners). The pharmacist should advise
these patients to avoid further exposure to the irritant whenever possible. If
the skin is badly damaged, a physician referral is prudent. For minor
irritation, protectants such as petrolatum can help return the skin to normal.

Atopic:
This is a chronic inflammatory condition that develops due to an underlying
genetic defect, but is exacerbated by exposure to environmental irritants or
allergens.^14,15 It often coexists with asthma and allergic rhinitis.
¹⁵ The condition is rapidly increasing in prevalence. Over the past 30
years, it has become two to three times more common.¹⁶ It affects
15% to 20% of young children, making it highly likely that the pharmacist will
be asked about therapy.¹⁴ The lesions are red plaques with serous
discharge, often exhibiting secondary infected excoriations from repeated
scratching.¹⁷ Common locations are the cheeks, buttocks, and
flexural areas such as the knees and elbows.¹⁸ The condition
spontaneously resolves in about 40% of children by early adolescence.¹⁵
However, it persists in 1% to 3% of adults.¹⁶ Therapy involves
topical immunomodulators, topical steroids, and other systemic treatments.
¹⁵ For this reason, the pharmacist is best advised to refer patients to
a dermatologist.

Specific Causes of
Dermatitis

There are some
specific causes of dermatitis that the pharmacist may be able to recognize.
Some are typical of allergic contact dermatitis, while others are irritant in
etiology.

Postpiercing:
Patients may report dermatitis following a piercing. In these cases, the
cause may be an allergic contact dermatitis induced by nickel, gold, or cobalt
in the jewelry inserted into the artificial body opening.¹⁹ The
patient should be advised to visit a physician for inspection of the
artificially created wound(s) and recommended to remove the jewelry until the
problem is resolved.

Posttattoo:
The community pharmacist asked about dermatitis should inquire if it is an
area that can be viewed. If so, the pharmacist should inspect the site for the
presence of a tattoo. Patients can develop an allergic contact dermatitis to
injected pigments used in permanent tattoos.²⁰ These patients
should be referred for a physician check to determine if other problems may
also be present (e.g., infection, immunological rejection of the tattoo).
Patients are often also allergic to temporary henna tattoos, which usually
involve topical application of such additional chemicals as essential oils,
coffee, tea, indigo, or other allergens.²¹ This type of local
reaction to topically applied chemicals may gradually subside and may benefit
from short-term application of nonprescription products.

Incontinence:
Some patients are incontinent or caring for an incontinent spouse/parent.
They may ask the pharmacist about dermatitis that occurs in areas that come in
contact with urine and feces.²² The etiology is virtually identical
to diaper rash, being an irritant type of contact dermatitis. Changes in the
skin pH under occlusive adult incontinence garments allow fecal enzymes in
feces to damage skin. If the skin is broken, a physician should be consulted
to assess possible bacterial/fungal infection. Prevention consists of removing
urine and feces from the skin as quickly as possible and applying barrier
ointments with protectant properties (i.e., petrolatum).

Insect-Induced:
The pharmacist should ask the patient with a rash about recent outdoor
activity and possible exposure to ticks, indicating potential Lyme disease or
Rocky Mountain spotted fever. The rash may be the typical erythema migrans of
Lyme disease caused by a tick bite; this lesion may be solid red or may
present with a bulls-eye appearance, with one or more rings around a central
point, about four inches in diameter.²³ Rocky Mountain spotted
fever usually begins two to 14 days after a tick bite, with a fever over 102F
followed by a rash after three to five days. The rash is composed of pink/red
macules beginning on the wrists and ankles, moving to the palms and soles, and
eventually involving the proximal portions of the arms, legs, and trunk.²⁴
A worsening rash with pruritus, urticaria, papules, vesicles, and excoriated
spots may indicate scabies.²⁵ These three rashes due to insects are
not contact dermatitis, and must be immediately referred for physician care.

Medication-Induced:
Patients should be asked whether they have recently applied any topical
medication to the area. Neomycin is a major offender, mostly due to the fact
that patients often choose “triple antibiotics” (e.g., Neosporin) rather than
less allergenic bacitracin/polymyxin ointments (e.g., Polysporin).¹³
However, patients may be allergic to a wide variety of other topical
medications. If the medication is a prescription product, the patient should
be advised to consult the prescriber for advice on the best route to take. If
an OTC product is a possible cause (e.g., a specific sunscreen), the
pharmacist can suggest an alternate product with different ingredients.

Treatment Guidelines for
Dermatitis

When dermatitis is
self-treatable, the pharmacist can be guided in self-care recommendations by
several general rules. Patients should be referred if dermatitis persists for
more than seven days, appears to clear up and then worsens, covers a large
portion of the body, causes severe pruritus, or is in a location difficult to
care for (e.g., periorbital areas, conjunctiva, inner nostrils, otic canal,
vagina). Nonprescription products should not be recommended if the patient is
less than 2 years of age. Patients with hives should be referred if the hives
are an unusual color, bruised, blistered, or do not itch.

External Analgesics

These are a disparate group of
products of varying degrees of safety and efficacy. Most are labeled for
relief of pain and/or itching caused by minor skin irritations or rashes, such
as those caused by insect bites, or poison ivy, oak, and sumac.²⁶

Local Anesthetics:
These anesthetize pain/itch receptors to relieve rash discomfort. They are
found in such products as Itch-X Gel (benzyl alcohol, pramoxine), Americaine
Aerosol (benzocaine), and Dermoplast Hospital Strength Spray (benzocaine,
menthol).²⁶

Counterirritants:
Camphor, menthol, and methyl salicylate also relieve the pain and itch of
rashes. They are found in Band-Aid Anti-Itch Gel (camphor), Gold Bond
Medicated Anti-Itch Cream (menthol, pramoxine), and Sting-Kill Applicator
(benzocaine, menthol).²⁶

Antihistamines:
Topical antihistamines also produce a degree of local anesthesia, but
diphenhydramine (e.g., Benadryl Cream, Gel, Spray) has been the focus of FDA
concern due to the risk of toxic psychosis when it is used on chicken pox,
poison ivy, and sunburn, especially in pediatric patients. For this reason,
labels warn against use on chicken pox, measles, blisters, or extensive areas
of skin without physician advice. The labels also warn against concurrent use
with any other form of diphenhydramine, even oral dosage forms.²⁶

Hydrocortisone:
Topical 1% hydrocortisone creams or ointments relieve itch and inflammation
of rashes. Products include Cortaid, Cortizone, Lanacort, and Aveeno Anti-Itch
Cream.²⁶

Protectants:
Skin protectants relieve minor irritation and itching by providing a
mechanical barrier against harmful or annoying stimuli. They include
petrolatum (e.g., Vaseline) and colloidal oatmeal (e.g., Aveeno Skin Relief
Bath Treatment). External analgesics and local anesthetics are often marketed
as ointments with a petrolatum vehicle, which provides additional protectant
benefits.²⁶

REFERENCES

1. Gladman AC. Toxicodendron
dermatitis: poison ivy, oak, and sumac. Wilderness Environ Med.
2006;17:120-128.

2. Oztas P, Polat M, Cinar L, et al.
Shoe dermatitis from para-tertiary butylphenol formaldehyde. Contact
Dermatitis. 2007;56:294-295.

3. Pereira TM, Flour M, Goossens A.
Allergic contact dermatitis from modified colophonium in wound dressings.
Contact Dermatitis. 2007;56:5-9.

4. Kockentiet B, Adams BB. Contact
dermatitis in athletes. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2007;56:1048-1055.

5. Seehusen DA, Earwood JS. Itchy
rash near the navel. J Fam Pract. 2007;56:123-125.

6. Militello G, Jacob SE, Crawford
GH. Allergic contact dermatitis in children. Curr Opin Pediatr.
2006;18:385-390.

7. Quartier S, Garmyn M, Becart S,
et al. Allergic contact dermatitis to copolymers in cosmetics. Contact
Dermatitis. 2006;55:257-267.

8. Walsh G, Wilkinson SM. Materials
and allergens within spectacle frames: a review. Contact Dermatitis.
2006;55:130-139.

9. Corea NV, Basketter DA, Clapp C,
et al. Fragrance allergy: assessing the risk from washed fabrics. Contact
Dermatitis. 2006;55:48-53.

10. Rios Scherrer MA, Brand,,o M.
Contact dermatitis to snuff. Contact Dermatitis. 2006;55:368-369.

11. Worth A, Arshad S. Sheikh A.
Occupational dermatitis in a hairdresser. BMJ. 2007;335:399.

12. White IR. Contact allergy to
hair dyes is a well-recognized problem. Clin Exp Dermatol.
2006;31:724-726.

13. Scalf LA, Shenefelt PD. Contact
dermatitis: diagnosing and treating skin conditions in the elderly.
Geriatrics. 2007;62:14-19.

14. Buys LM. Treatment options for
atopic dermatitis. Am Fam Physician. 2007;75:523-538.

15. Tofte S. Atopic dermatitis.
Nurs Clin North Am. 2007;42:407-419.

16. Leung AK, Hon KL, Robson WL.
Atopic dermatitis. Adv Pediatr. 2007;54:241-273.

17. Kiken D, Silverberg N. Atopic
dermatitis in children, part 1: epidemiology, clinical features, and
complications. Cutis. 2006;78:241-247.

18. Krol A, Krafchik B. The
differential diagnosis of atopic dermatitis in childhood. Derm Ther.
2006;19:73-82.

19. Abramovits W, Stevenson LC. Hand
eczema in a 22-year-old woman with piercings. Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent)
. 2004;17:211-213.

20. Sweeney SM. Tattoos: a review of
tattoo practices and potential treatment options for removal. Curr Opin
Pediatr. 2006;18:391-395.

21. Stante M, Giorgini S, Lotti T.
Allergic contact dermatitis from henna temporary tattoo. J Eur Acad
Dermatol Venereol. 2006;20:484-486.

22. Nazarko L. Managing a common
dermatological problem: incontinence dermatitis. Br J Community Nurs.
2007;12:358-363.

23. Hoppa E, Bachur R. Lyme disease
update. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2007;19:275-280.

24. Lacz NL, Schwartz RA, Kapila R.
Rocky Mountain spotted fever. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol.
2006;20:411-417.

25. Fox GN, Usatine RP. Itching and
rash in a boy and his grandmother. J Fam Pract. 2006;55:679-684.

26. Pray WS. Nonprescription
Product Therapeutics. 2nd ed. Baltimore, MD: Lippincott Williams &
Wilkins; 2005.

27. Friedman T, Shalom A, Westreich
M. Self-inflicted garlic burns. Int J Dermatol. 2006;45:1161-1163.

28. Parish RA, McIntire S, Heimbach
DM. Garlic burns: a naturopathic remedy gone awry. Pediatr Emerg Care.
1987;3:258-260.

29. Dietz DM, Varcelotti JR,
Stahlfeld KR. Garlic burns: a not-so-rare complication of a naturopathic
remedy? Burns. 2004;30:612-613.

To comment on this article, contact
[email protected].

Causes, treatment, and home remedies

For some people, pruritus, which refers to itchy skin, is a constant battle. It can be difficult to understand exactly what is causing the skin to itch.

Itchy skin can be the result of a rash or another skin condition. It can also be a symptom of a more serious condition such as liver disease or kidney failure. To get relief, it is important to identify the problem and treat the underlying cause.

Share on PinterestHives can cause itching and may be a sign of an allergic reaction.
Image credit: areeya_ann / iStock

Skin serves a vital purpose as the barrier that protects the inside of the body. It is filled with special cells of the immune system that can protect the body and skin from viruses, bacteria, and other hidden threats.

Once the skin cells detect any type of suspicious substance, they trigger a reaction that causes the area to become inflamed. Medical professionals refer to this inflammation as a rash or dermatitis. This can lead to itching.

Immune cells can react to something that touches the skin, a whole-body infection, or an illness. Some rashes are red, painful, and irritated, while others can lead to blisters or patches of raw skin.

Itching is a symptom common to many skin complaints. Skin can itch all over the body or only in specific areas.

Here are some specific causes of pruritus:

Dry skin

Dry skin is one of the most common causes of itchy skin. If a person does not see any bright red bumps or notice a sudden change to their skin, dry skin is a likely cause.

Environmental factors that can lead to dry skin include excessively hot or cold weather with low humidity. Washing too much can also cause dry skin. It can affect any age group, but as people age, their skin becomes thinner and drier.

A good moisturizer can usually help repair dry skin. Extremely dry skin can be a warning sign of dermatitis, so it may be necessary to see a dermatologist to help get relief and keep the condition from becoming worse.

Common signs and symptoms of dry skin include:

• rough, scaly, or flaking skin
• excessive itching
• gray or ashy-looking skin in people with darker skin
• cracks in the skin that are prone to bleeding
• chapped or cracked skin or lips

It is important to seek help to treat dry skin because cracks in the skin can allow germs to enter. Once inside the skin, these germs can cause an infection. Red, sore spots on the skin are often an early sign of a potential infection.

A skin specialist may prescribe a special moisturizer to apply throughout the day or a topical medicine to apply directly to the skin.

What causes patches of dry skin?

Eczema

Eczema, or atopic dermatitis, is the most common cause of skin rash in children.

The American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (ACAAI) report that eczema affects 10–20% of children but only 1–3% of adults.

The cause is linked to the leakiness of the skin barrier. This causes the area to dry out, putting it at risk of irritation and inflammation. It is vital to keep the skin moisturized.

Eczema often improves over time. People with eczema must be careful, however, as they are more vulnerable to skin infections.

Which natural remedies can help with eczema?

Allergies

Irritation and allergic reactions can also cause itchy skin. Allergic contact dermatitis occurs when the skin comes into direct contact with an allergen.

The result of the skin allergy is a red, itchy rash that can include small blisters or bumps. The rash arises whenever the skin comes into contact with the allergen, a substance that the immune system attacks. Often, there is a time delay between exposure to the allergen and when the rash occurs.

Touching clothing, pets, chemicals, soaps, and substances such as poison ivy or cosmetics can trigger allergic reactions.. Food allergies can also cause the skin to itch.

Nickel allergies are quite common. When a person come into contact with jewelry that contains even a small amount of nickel, they can develop red, bumpy, itchy, and swollen skin at the point of contact.

For a person with an allergic reaction to a particular substance, one of the easiest things to do is to avoid that product or substance. Over-the-counter creams or medicated creams can help clear up a rash.

Here, learn how allergies develop.

Hives

Hives are a type of skin inflammation caused by the release of a chemical in the body called histamine. This release causes small blood vessels to leak, which causes the skin to swell.

There are two kinds of hives:

• Acute hives. These most commonly occur after coming into contact with an allergic trigger, such as a particular food or medication. Non-allergic causes, such as excessively hot or cold weather, sun exposure, or exercise, can also serve as a trigger.
• Chronic hives. Specific triggers do not cause these, which can make allergy tests unhelpful. They can last for months or even years. Hives can cause uncomfortable itching and be painful, but they are not contagious.

The ACAAI say that hives affect about 20% of people at some point in their life.

Here, get some tips on treating hives.

Bug bites

Bug bites often cause a person’s skin to flare up, resulting in itchiness. Mosquito and spider bites will often produce a small bite mark that is surrounded by red patchiness on the skin. These bites should fade away within 7–14 days.

Bites from bed bugs and mites may produce a bigger rash and can cause itchiness all over the body. If a person suspects a bed bug infestation, they need to remove all furniture and clean the room thoroughly with repellent. All affected items should be washed at 60 ºC.

Professional help may be required if a person is unable to eliminate the infestation themselves.

Mosquito bites are a common problem. Learn more here.

Psychological

People may experience an itching feeling that has no physical cause. Some mental health conditions can make a person feel as if their skin is crawling, which creates an urge to scratch. Excessive scratching can lead to skin damage.

Compulsive scratching may be the result of the following conditions:

Other causes

Itching can also be related to parasites such as threadworm, insects such as bedbugs, mosquitoes, or lice. Fungal infections, such as athlete’s foot, can also cause itching between and around the toes.

Itchy skin could also be due to more serious medical conditions. Nerve disorders caused by diabetes, pinched nerves, and shingles can cause severe itching.

Doctors might also refer to uremic pruritus as renal itch or chronic kidney disease-associated pruritus. Uremia is a broad syndrome that occurs when the kidneys are severely damaged and cannot filter toxins from the body.

With uremia, itching tends to be worse at night. It most commonly affects the back, arms, and abdomen.

The treatment plan will depend on the cause of itching. For people who are suffering from dry skin, a good moisturizer may be all that is needed.

Eczema, dermatitis, or hives: These and other skin conditions may be recommended corticosteroid creams by a skin specialist. These can be applied directly to the skin to help with itching. Topical calcineurin inhibitors and oral antihistamines can also help to relieve the itch.

Allergies: Oral antihistamines are common anti-allergy medications. They can be prescribed or purchased online. Examples include Zyrtec, Claritin, and Benadryl.

Fungal infections: Ringworm, athlete’s foot, and other fungal infections can be treated with antifungal treatment. Topical treatments include creams and shampoos. For severe infections, the doctor may prescribe an oral medication. Terbinafine, or Lamisil, is commonly used.

Insect bites and stings: Topical antihistamines can relieve itching. To prevent bites, use an insect repellant, keep fly screens in good repair, and keep the body covered with clothing.

People who have psoriasis or kidney failure may be recommended alternative treatments if there are reasons to avoid medication therapy. Light therapy or phototherapy is one such treatment method. The treatment involves exposing the skin to certain wavelengths of ultraviolet light to help get the itching under control.

Read the article in Spanish.

90,000 Best Allergy Creams and Ointments for 2021

The development of allergies cannot be predicted. It appears suddenly and provokes unpleasant symptoms. These are skin rashes, severe itching, local hyperemia and peeling. Ideally, fixing the problem is necessary to improve the condition. Antihistamines help to stop unwanted signs. With skin lesions on the background of an allergic reaction, ointments and creams are widely used.

Pharmaceutical companies offer a wide range of antiallergic drugs for external use to choose from.Depending on the severity of the disease and the characteristics of its pathogenesis, drugs are used on a hormonal and non-hormonal basis, combined and liniment based on natural components. A list of the most effective remedies is presented in the rating below.

Classification

The group of ointments includes drugs that are intended for topical application to the area of ​​the skin. According to the nature of their composition, they are divided into the following categories:

• creams;
• gels;
• suspensions, emulsions and liniments having a liquid consistency;
• pastes;
• ointments.

Gels, suspensions, emulsions and creams do not contain fatty components in the base. Therefore, they are highly absorbent and are well applied to the skin. They do not leave a film and are easily washed off with water. Such funds are perfect for application to skin formations where exudate is present.

Ointment, liniment and paste, on the contrary, include fatty compounds in the composition. It is advisable to use them for dermatological diseases, which are accompanied by dryness and varying degrees of cracks.These drugs, when applied, form a small lipid film on the surface of the skin.

By their composition, all external preparations: hormonal and non-hormonal.

Application Rules

The skin surface is washed with warm water and slightly dried with a towel. Liniment is applied topically, strictly on the area of ​​the rash, in a thin layer.

Hormonal ointments may be used under an occlusive dressing. To do this, the skin is covered with a drug and a gauze napkin or a small piece of bandage is applied on top.

Pay attention! An occlusive dressing is allowed if it is indicated in the instructions for a particular drug. After treating the affected surface, wash your hands well with soap.

The best hormonal agents

Hormone-based creams and liniment are deservedly the most effective antihistamines. However, they cannot be used on their own; a doctor’s prescription should be obtained. This will prevent negative consequences and quickly achieve the desired result of therapy.Some hormonal agents are allowed to be used in childhood and with localization of allergies in the face area.

Celestoderm-V

Celestoderm-B is a liniment and cream, in which betamethasone acts as an active ingredient. Designed to relieve symptoms of allergies and inflammation. Regardless of the dosage form, it has good absorbency. The product does not leave marks on the skin and clothes after application.The therapeutic effect occurs within a few minutes. It is indicated for many dermatological diseases, namely for the treatment of eczema, psoriasis, dermatitis, negative reactions to the sun.

The scheme of application is up to 3 times a day. According to user reviews, to eliminate the signs of allergies, it is enough to use no more than 2 times. It is forbidden to apply the medicine for a long time, without consulting a doctor. For children under 6 months, the ointment is contraindicated.

Celestoderm-B

Values:

• is possible for babies from six months;
  it is permissible to apply the cream to the face, including the eyelids.

Disadvantages:

Akriderm

Russian pharmaceutical product. The active ingredient is dexamethasone. The drug has an effective therapeutic effect and has a low cost. Drops in the form of a cream and ointment. The pharmacological property is determined by the pronounced antipruritic, anti-inflammatory and vasoconstrictor action.

The duration of the course of therapy is no more than 3 weeks.Liniment is used up to 3 times a day, observing equal intervals between doses. In pediatric practice, it is allowed to use from a year. However, children from 12 months to 12 years old must be treated with this drug under the strict supervision of a doctor.

Pharmaceutical companies produce other medicines under the Akriderma line. Their names differ slightly. And in addition to betamethasone, the composition includes additional components in the form of gentamicin, salicylic acid and clotrimazole.It is important to be careful when purchasing an ointment.

Akriderm

Values:

• acceptable price and Russian manufacture;
• can be applied to baby skin.

Disadvantages:

Sinaflan

Sinaflan is the most affordable external remedy for allergic reactions. Released in the form of an ointment. The main component is considered to be fluocinolone acetonide.The drug has proven itself well among doctors and patients, has been used in medicine for a long time. Effectively fights against itching and inflammation associated with psoriasis, eczema, allergic diseases and promotes wound healing.

The attached instructions for use indicate the possibility of using liniment for the treatment of infants, but under the supervision of a specialist. The general course of treatment for children should not exceed 5 days. Adult patients are also prohibited from abusing Sinaflan.Considering the reviews about the medicine, it can be applied to the skin of the face as a fight against herpes and acne. But this is self-medication and can lead to the development of side effects.

Sinaflan

Values:

• effectively combats itching and inflammation;
• can be applied to the face.

Disadvantages:

Dermovate

The drug exists in the form of a cream and ointment.Dispensed by prescription. It has a pronounced pharmacological effect, it penetrates well into the deep layers of the skin. The active substance clobetasol has vasoconstrictor, anti-inflammatory and antipruritic properties. To improve the well-being in case of allergies, it is enough to use the ointment up to 2 times a day. It is applied to the face area in rare cases and no more than 5 days in a row. Children are assigned from one year.

Dermovate is recommended for short courses. With prolonged use, there is a decrease in the pharmacological effect and an increase in the risk of side effects.Despite the high price, the product is characterized by positive reviews.

Dermovate

Values:

• pronounced anti-inflammatory effect;
• is able to penetrate deep into the dermis.

Disadvantages:

Advantan

Advantan is easy to use. It is sold in several dosage forms: ointment, cream and emulsion. The main component is methylprednisolone aceponate.The drug belongs to the most effective and safe hormonal agents among analogues. It has the same anti-inflammatory and antihistamine properties. Differs in a high degree of activity. One application is enough to relieve itching, swelling, irritation, pain and other signs of inflammation.

The main advantage of Advantan is that it can be used by children from 4 months. Also, the drug is allowed to be used for allergic reactions on the skin of the face.The disadvantage of the drug is its high cost. But this is nothing compared to the high safety and pronounced therapeutic effect.

Advantan

Values:

• the safest drug from the hormonal group;
• has almost no side effects.

Disadvantages:

The best non-hormonal creams and ointments

Liniments and creams on a non-hormonal basis sometimes have more positive reviews than preparations containing hormones.They are made mainly from natural ingredients, are safe and include dexpanthenol in the composition. If we take into account the therapeutic activity, then it is slightly lower than that of hormonal agents. However, this is enough to treat many allergic diseases and achieve positive treatment results.

Radevit Active

Radevit Active is an ointment based on biologically active components – A, E and D. Due to its unique composition, liniment is designed to soften the skin, reduce inflammation, itching and strengthen the immune status.Due to ethyl alcohol, there is a rapid penetration of active ingredients deep into the dermis. Petroleum jelly, wax and glycerin help moisturize and prevent cracked skin. Apply up to 2 times per day. To improve the effect of the ointment, it can be applied under an occlusive dressing. If necessary, it is allowed to use the face remedy as a skin rejuvenation and nourishment.

Due to its complex composition, the medicine copes with the relief of the average symptomatology of allergies. But with a pronounced clinical picture, they cannot fight the disease.This is confirmed by the reviews of patients and doctors. Therefore, the drug is mainly used to moisturize and nourish the dermis in the form of additional therapy.

Radevit Active

Values:

• the presence of vitamins D, E and A in the composition;
• does an excellent job of relieving moderate allergy symptoms;
• it is allowed to use a facial product.

Disadvantages:

Fenistil

The drug belongs to the group of histamine H1 receptor blockers.The active ingredient is dimethindene maleate. Pharmacological action occurs within 15-20 minutes. Elimination of itching, inflammation is observed, irritation and pain are reduced. A cooling effect is noted upon application. The medicinal property persists for 1-4 hours. The best action can be achieved by combining liniment with oral agents.
Fenistil is characterized by minor side effects and a small list of contraindications. Approved for use by children from 1 month.The main indication for the appointment of the drug is itching against the background of an insect bite and the treatment of the effects of sunburn. The ointment is completely safe, so it can be applied to the face area.

Fenistil

Values:

• is widely used in pediatrics to treat babies older than 1 month;
• is approved for use by children from 1 month;
• is completely safe.

Disadvantages:

Bepanten

Bepanten in the form of ointment and cream contains dexpanthenol as an active ingredient.Helps heal skin damage. When interacting with the dermis, it turns into pantothenic acid, which improves cell metabolism and accelerates cell regeneration. For the treatment of allergic reactions, the agent is allowed to be used with not pronounced symptoms or as a basis for complex therapy. With severe skin lesions, taking Bepanten alone is not enough.

The medicine is completely safe, except for individual intolerance, it has no contraindications. It is characterized by the absence of side effects.It is allowed to be used by young children, women during lactation and carrying a child. The cream can be applied to the nipple area to prevent damage.

Bepanten

Values:

• safe;
• has no contraindications;
• applies to children from birth.

Disadvantages:

Naftaderm

Naftaderm is an ointment with a liquid consistency.The preparation is based on Naftlan oil. The active ingredient has anti-inflammatory activity, helps to repair skin damage, relieves itching and disinfects. It should be applied in a thin layer up to 2 times a day. The field of application can be any. Contraindications and side effects of the ointment are practically absent.

Naftaderm is characterized by a pronounced therapeutic effect in relation to allergic reactions. But it has some peculiarities in its application. This is an unpleasant specific odor, liniment is not absorbed into the skin and can leave dirty marks on clothes.Despite this, it has many positive reviews.

Naftaderm

Values:

• security;
• high pharmacological action;
• there are no contraindications.

Disadvantages:

• has some peculiarities in the application;
• unpleasant specific odor;
• is not absorbed into the skin;
• can leave dirty marks on clothes.

Solcoseryl

The drug is dispensed in the form of a gel and liniment. The main component is deproteinized dialysate from the blood of healthy dairy calves. After being applied to the skin, the agent accelerates the regeneration processes, helping the rapid healing of wounds. According to the instructions, the medicine is not intended for the treatment of allergic diseases, however, it is often prescribed by doctors and has good reviews from patients.

Since no precise clinical studies have been carried out, it is not recommended to use the gel in childhood.Considering user reviews, the ointment is widely used to rejuvenate the face, eliminate scars and scars.

Solcoseryl

Values:

• quality composition;
• pronounced restorative properties.

Disadvantages:

Best combination drugs

Combined products against allergic reactions for external use are ointments and creams with active ingredients, which include not one, but a whole series of different components.In most cases, it is a constituent of hormones, an antibiotic and a remedy for fungus as a supplement. Used for the treatment of allergies manifested on the skin, with bacterial and fungal infectious complications. With the help of the application, it will be possible to quickly and efficiently achieve a pronounced effect on returning the skin to a healthy look.

Lorinden C

Lorinden S – a combined agent presented in the form of an ointment, based on the active ingredients – clioquinol and flumethasone.Perfectly fights against inflammatory and allergenic skin reactions, including complications caused by fungal or bacterial infections. The oily base provides additional skin hydration and forms a protective film on the surface. The course of application should not exceed 14 days, and during the day you can apply only 1 – 2 times. There are a large number of contraindications, in which a significant effect and excellent manifestations are visible.

The presence of flumethasone in the composition prohibits the use of small children.Uncontrolled use of the drug, application in a thick layer to large areas of the body is not recommended.

Lorinden C

Values:

• Good effect on allergies with fungal and bacterial infectious complications;
• perfectly fights inflammatory skin reactions;
• a large number of contraindications.

Disadvantages:

Akriderm SK

Combined ointment Akriderm SK contains betamethasone and salicylic acid.This combination gives the substance antiseptic and keratolytic properties, adding effectiveness in the fight against dermatitis, psoriasis and other undesirable manifestations. Exfoliation and cleansing of the integument of the skin from inflamed foci occurs, and then, in a short time, a healthy shine returns and irritation goes away. Application is carried out on painful areas with a not thick layer, rubbing is not recommended.

A small 15 g volume is quite enough for long-term use due to its fat content and low absorption.The maximum course is up to 21 days (3 weeks), but experts recommend treatment for 5-7 days, which is quite enough to achieve a positive result.

Akriderm SK

Values:

• A small 15 g volume is sufficient for long-term use;
• visible effect on skin peeling.

Disadvantages:

Belogent

Belogent ointment and cream contain betamethasone and gentamicin.The combination of a synthetic glucocorticosteroid and an antibiotic allows the drug to be used to treat complex allergies aggravated by a bacterial infection. Not too high a price. It is applied to limited areas for no more than 2 – 3 weeks, and side effects are extremely rare. In agreement with the doctor, it can be used for children from one year old.

A pronounced and quick action is due to the hormone and antibiotic included in the cream and ointment. The presence of a large list of indications is not limited to allergies.

Belogent

Values:

• hormone and antibiotic combination;
• pronounced and fast action.

Disadvantages:

Triderm

Both ointment and cream, Triderm is endowed with simultaneous antibacterial, antifungal and anti-inflammatory effects. The main active ingredient is the hormonal component betamethasone. Additional – clotrimazole, which has a significant effect in the treatment of fungal infections, as well as the antibiotic gentamicin.

Medical professionals rank Triderm as one of the most effective drugs prescribed for common skin problems and allergies. Even an insignificantly small volume is sold at a rather inflated price, which causes discontent among those in need. Pharmacies sell analogues of domestic production with a lower price. It is not recommended to use the product for children under 2 years of age.

Triderm

Values:

• The most popular and frequently prescribed drug;
• acts quickly;
• is safe.

Disadvantages:

Akriderm GK

Complete Russian analogue of a well-known Belgian drug called Triderm. Clotrimazole, betamethasone and gentamicin, included in the composition, have a significant effect in the fight against bacteria and skin infections, various complications resulting from allergies. The complex action and high effect brings quick relief, and the complete disappearance of the problem occurs in a couple of days.

However, the presence of a hormonal component prohibits the use of children under 2 years of age, nursing mothers and pregnant women. The price is slightly lower than that of Triderm, and its efficiency is not inferior to its analogue.

Akriderm GK

Values:

• perfectly copes with the complex treatment of various skin diseases;
• quick relief and complete disappearance of the problem;
• is effective.

Disadvantages:

• the presence of a hormonal component.

The most effective ointments and creams made from herbal ingredients

Herbal anti-allergy remedies contain natural oils and herbal extracts to help cleanse, moisturize and look healthy. The action is distinguished by its delicacy and softness, as a result of which they are recommended for children from an early age. Do not forget about the only caveat – the development of an allergic reaction to the constituent ingredients, which is indicated in the annotations, so you need to be careful about their use.

La Cree Atoderm

Ideally and safely solves the problem of atopic dermatitis in babies from the first days of life. The cream is suitable for adults who refuse preparations with natural elements. The cream contains peach oil, which adds moisture and has a pronounced regenerating effect. And as additional substances, betaine, urea, licorice extract are included.

Quite delicately and gently copes with the task, especially in the initial stage of dermatitis or its minor manifestations.Doctors recommend using the medicine after completing the course with ointments and creams, which contain a hormone, for therapeutic maintenance and consolidation of the result, as well as to achieve a long remission period. The drug in question, including other drugs, despite the natural composition, does not cope with severe forms of allergy.

La Cree Atoderm

Values:

• copes with the task delicately and gently;
• the best cream for newborns with atopic dermatitis.

Disadvantages:

Gistan

The drug is declared as a cream of a cosmetic nature, which contains herbal antihistamine ingredients. Ingredients: string, dimethicone, extracts of birch buds and violets, lily of the valley oil, euphorbia, marigold flowers, dropsy, veronica. Well relieves irritation and itching, eliminates redness and relieves discomfort due to insect bites. There are no contraindications, except for the individual non-perception of some components.Plant extracts can remove allergy symptoms, but also become the cause of the appearance, according to real reviews.

It is important to know when buying about the existence of a similar product with a similar name – Gistan N, which has a different composition and is hormonal.

Gistan

Values:

• relieves irritation and itching well;
• eliminates redness and discomfort due to insect bites;
• natural ingredients in the form of herbal extracts.

Disadvantages:

Zynovite

The cream is prepared on a zinc base, shea butter, jojoba and olive oil, mixed with licorice extract. Quickly relieves inflammation, irritation, itching, relieves pain and redness caused by an allergic reaction. According to the manufacturer’s instructions, you need to apply the product to the damaged areas in the morning and evening for 2 weeks. The maximum duration of the course is not limited due to the absence of contraindications, except for intolerance.

Care should be taken to apply the cream for the first time, since the oils contained in the composition can lead to allergies. Users note information about frequent burning sensation and redness detection after use.

Zynovite

Values:

• Compatibility of zinc and herbal extracts of oils;
• quickly relieves inflammation.

Disadvantages:

Nezulin

Cream – gel with a natural composition belongs to the category of antiallergic agents.There is peppermint oil, lavender oil additives, basil, chamomile extracts, celandine, plantain, licorice and dexpanthenol. The listed substances enhance the properties of the cream – they eliminate itching and relieve irritation, thereby cooling and soothing the skin, relieving redness and pain relief. Approved for use 3-4 times a day.

Can be used as a separate and independent tool, or as part of a complex. It will add benefits after taking hormones and antiallergic ointments, help restore immunity and prolong remission.In addition to naturalness and safety, there is an important advantage – an affordable price.

Nezulin

Values:

• excellent combination of efficiency and cost;
• helps restore immunity and prolongs remission.

Disadvantages:

Borough Plus Regular

The natural ingredients in the composition of the medicinal substance are designed to take care of the skin, remove irritation, inflammation and heal minor injuries.Consists of licorice extract, aloe vera, turmeric, ginger lily, sandalwood and neem plant. Each of the ingredients is responsible for the task at hand, has antimicrobial, regenerating, antiseptic, antibacterial, emollient and moisturizing effect.

The cream is not intended for direct treatment of allergies, but it is able to remove symptoms and heal the cover. On the Internet, there are a lot of positive characteristics about the use of allergies and childhood atopic dermatitis.

Borough Plus Regular

Values:

• quickly relieves irritation and itching;
• positive reviews indicating the effect.

Disadvantages:

Anti-allergy ointment relieves discomfort and rashes without the use of tablets and capsules.

90,000 These creams will quickly get rid of allergies on the face | Beauty and care

Peeling, redness, rashes – for many women this is a reason to immediately go to a beautician, who most often recommends using an allergy cream on the face that can quickly cope with these troubles.Some ladies are trying to cope with the problem on their own, not even suspecting that they are making a mistake, because there are different drugs, and when using them, you need to take into account the condition of the skin, the type of allergen, and related factors. It is better to give the choice to a professional, but you need to know the most important information about the tools – this will avoid troubles when using them.

Read more interesting articles on our website: faceandcare.ru

Varieties of allergies on the face

Allergic manifestations on the skin can be triggered by many irritants, not only internal, but also external.Usually, drugs contain ingredients that are able to cope with most of the symptoms at the same time, so you do not need to use several products. The only thing that needs to be found out in advance is what kind of allergy has affected the skin in order to prevent recurrence.

Allergy can manifest itself in several symptoms, but they do not necessarily all have to be present, and everything here can depend on the irritant. The main signs that every woman can easily identify:

• small rashes;
• red spots;
• eczema;
• severe peeling;
• irritating itching or burning;
• swelling;
• discomfort from touching the affected areas;
• Increased dry skin.

Important! There can be many reasons why an allergy occurs on the face in adults – poor-quality cosmetics, a reaction to ultraviolet light, animal hair, and medications. It is imperative to find out which allergen was the culprit of the disease and be sure to eliminate it – otherwise the skin will continue to suffer from discomfort.

How to get rid of allergies?

Using a face cream for allergies is usually the most effective treatment option.The only thing that needs to be taken into account in this case is that the effect on rashes and peeling should be carried out only under the supervision of a specialist.

A face cream prescribed by a doctor against allergies must meet the following characteristics:

• Contain moisturizing ingredients;
• Eliminate itching and burning;
• to quickly remove signs of irritation on the skin;
• Protect the dermis from allergens;
• have an increased effect of exposure.

Before using the product, it is imperative to make sure that it does not contain substances to which the skin of the face may inadequately react. Individual intolerance to some ingredients can lead to dangerous and unpredictable consequences.

Helpful advice! When treating an allergic reaction on the skin, it is imperative to follow a few simple rules – completely abandon the use of decorative cosmetics, strictly follow all the requirements set out in the instructions and, if necessary, take pharmaceutical preparations prescribed by a physician.Only an integrated approach will help you quickly and effectively cleanse your face.

Which cream to choose?

When choosing a cream against allergies on the face, one should be guided not only by its cost, but also by its characteristics and even its composition. A prerequisite is that the drug must not contain aggressive substances that can provoke additional problems. In the absence of complications, the doctor prescribes simple formulations that effectively relieve unpleasant symptoms from the skin.In case of exacerbations, it is likely that you will have to be treated with antihistamine creams, which contain hormones. A prerequisite for the use of hormonal drugs is the appointment of a doctor, the independent use of such drugs can lead to a change in the structure and tissues of the epidermis.

For children

The only rule that parents should not forget is that cosmetics for allergies on the skin of the face should be selected only by a specialist. The doctor must find out the provoking factors, they must be eliminated first of all, otherwise the treatment may be ineffective.

Hormonal

Anti-allergy creams based on hormones in the treatment of irritation and rashes in a child are used very rarely, because they are quite dangerous for the delicate dermis of children. Despite this, there are situations when such drugs cannot be dispensed with, but only a specialist can decide the expediency of their use.

Hydrocortisone

The drug can only be used for short courses, the duration of which is determined by a dermatologist.Recommended in difficult cases of baby’s skin lesions. After the irritation becomes less intense, it is better to continue the treatment with safer means. It is strictly forbidden to use it for prophylactic purposes – the cream can provoke the appearance of a rash.

Prednisolone ointment

Despite the low level of danger for the epidermis, this drug is also rarely recommended for children, and a profuse rash that does not respond to other means may become a reason for its use.A prerequisite for its use is that parents should carefully monitor the condition of the baby’s skin and immediately consult a doctor at the first signs of alarming manifestations.

Advantan

The hormonal agent is considered one of the safest in its category, but a negative reaction of the baby’s skin to its components should not be ruled out – the risk of complications is quite high. The drug works for a long time, therefore it needs to be applied only once a day, after thoroughly cleaning the affected areas of the face from fat and dust particles.

Non-hormonal

Most often, for allergies on the face of a child, the doctor prescribes not a hormonal cream, but a safer cream that rarely causes side effects. They can be used even for babies, but only after consulting a doctor.

Fenistil Gel

It should be applied externally, up to four times a day. Before this, the skin must be washed and dried. For greater convenience, you can apply with a napkin or cotton swab.The product is well absorbed and practically does not remain on the face, which eliminates the ingress of the composition into the baby’s oral cavity with food or toys.

Ask your doctor about the Fenistil allergy cream:

Stelatopia

The cream is applied to the baby’s face with allergies several times a day. The drug not only relieves rashes and peeling, but also relieves irritation and unpleasant itching, which brings a lot of discomfort to the baby.Another advantage of the remedy is the healing effect, this quality helps to restore the tissues damaged by the disease.

Atopalm

In case of allergic manifestations, the agent can be used up to five times a day, it remarkably relieves irritation, itching and irritation. Can be used for heavy breakouts, red spots and flaky areas. The composition is safe even for infants, but it is better for parents to closely monitor the reaction of the skin.

Elidel

Most often, this cream is prescribed for profuse rashes and inflammatory processes that accompany this manifestation.You can start treatment already at the first sign, this will significantly accelerate the disappearance of allergic manifestations. Apply no more than twice a day, only if necessary, the doctor can recommend more procedures.

For adults

Treatment of unpleasant facial manifestations in adults can be prescribed by a physician with an antiallergenic or hormonal cream, each of them has both advantages and disadvantages, which must be clarified in advance. Only after examination and accurate diagnosis does the physician decide what will be more effective in the individual case.

Hormonal

Antiallergenic ointments based on hormones can be treated only when simple remedies are powerless and ineffective.

Fluzar

The cream is applied topically, only on the areas of the skin affected by allergic manifestations. You can use the drug no more than 2 times a day, and it is strictly forbidden to combine the product with other formulations – this can end in a rather disastrous way for the skin.

Momat

A prerequisite for applying the composition is preliminary cleansing of the face. At the same time, it is not recommended to use lotions or any means – you can take only clean water. The reason for such caution is that aggressive substances can cause irritation, and the cream will only intensify this negative effect.

Elokom

Apply the drug on a hormonal basis only to areas with inflammation or rashes, it is strictly forbidden to distribute it on healthy tissues.The cream is applied only once a day, a prerequisite is to ensure that the layer of the cream is thin and even, this will allow the active substances to quickly penetrate into the tissues of the dermis and begin immediate work.

Lokoid

The cream is quite aggressive, therefore it is rarely prescribed and only in cases of severe skin lesions with allergic symptoms and the rapid spread of the disease to healthy tissues. It is strictly forbidden to resort to the help of funds for preventive purposes – for this it is better to choose safer formulations.

See the doctor’s reviews on Locoid cream:

Non-hormonal

If you need to quickly and effectively get rid of rashes and irritations that do not pose a particular danger, it is recommended to resort to the help of a cream that does not contain hormones. The choice of drugs is so large that you can easily choose a remedy for the type of your skin.

Solcoseryl

The composition of the cream is almost completely natural, so it can be used even by people with sensitive dermis.The tool not only relieves dryness and flaking, but also restores the skin tissues damaged by the disease. The advantage of Solcoseryl is the complete absence of contraindications, the only thing that needs to be considered before use is individual intolerance to some components.

Bepanten

The cream is unique in its composition, because it does not contain aggressive substances and can even be used to treat allergic symptoms for children, people with complex diseases and pregnant women.Application should take place several times a day, always on thoroughly cleansed skin.

Emolium

The uniqueness of the cream is that it is able to saturate the cells of the epidermis with moisture, the lack of which is especially felt with the main allergic symptoms – inflammation and peeling. The product has no contraindications or special prohibitions, therefore, use it without restrictions.

Advantan

The peculiarity of the cream is that it is strictly forbidden to use it for more than three months, if the allergic symptoms do not disappear, be sure to consult a doctor and choose another composition for treatment.It is forbidden to use in case of serious diseases at the peak of an exacerbation or in the presence of an infection on the skin.

La Cree

Almost the only cream that can relieve facial allergies in just a few applications. The simplest signs of allergies – itching, reaction to midge or mosquito bites, burning sensation can disappear in just 3-5 hours.

Allergy on the face is not only an unpleasant, but also a manifestation fraught with considerable danger, therefore, it is necessary to start treating anxiety symptoms urgently, having previously gone to a doctor’s consultation.The use of special creams will help to effectively remove the signs of the disease, but one should not forget the basic rule of successful treatment – it is imperative to identify and remove the irritant that caused the disease.

Arpimed

15 g 1% cream for external use in an aluminum tube together with a leaflet in a cardboard box.

Vacation conditions

Available without a doctor’s prescription.

Additional information on fungal infection:

Fungal infections are very common and affect many people.

Some of the most common fungal infections of the skin are athlete’s foot, fungal diaper rash, fungal skin rashes and dermatophytosis.

There are two main types of fungal infections:

• Dermatophytosis caused by pathogens of the genus Tinea
• Candidiasis caused by yeast-like fungi of the genus Candida.

Dermatophytosis of the genus Tinea include athlete’s foot and ringworm. Athlete’s foot pathogens, as a rule, coexist without risk on our skin and in our environment.The natural balance of nature, which is usually kept under control, can be disturbed by factors such as excess moisture (dampness). This can occur, for example, when you regularly wear sneakers in which your feet are constantly sweating and warm. Since this pathogen is contagious and it can be infected when changing rooms. Ringworm can be spread from animals to children.

The main symptom of both types of dermatophytosis is itching, scaling and rashes.

Pathogens of the genus Candida cause fungal skin rashes and thrush.A fungal rash can develop anywhere on the body, but most often occurs where areas of skin rub against each other, namely under the breasts, armpits, groin, and back.

Candida is a yeast-like fungus that normally lives without risk to us on our skin. However, the normal balance that is usually kept under control can be disturbed by factors such as excessive sweating, tight or synthetic clothing, hygiene products, and bath additives.When the growth of fungi on the skin increases, the following symptoms may develop on it: constant burning and itching, soreness and various spots or plaques, as well as diaper rash and maceration.

Mushrooms of the genus Candida can cause prickly heat in children.

Most children have prickly heat at a certain stage. Although prickly heat can rarely be complicated by something serious, it can be very unpleasant for you and your child. Miliaria that lasts more than three days may be fungal in origin and require antifungal treatment.Symptoms of prickly heat: red spots on the buttocks and genitals in children, burning and itching.

90,000 review of the best 8 creams for acne, blackheads and pimples

Causes of acne

Acne is not just acne, but a serious inflammatory disease of the sebaceous hair follicles. The enlarged sebaceous glands produce excess fat, which accumulates in the orifices of the hair canal. A sebaceous plug is formed – an ideal breeding ground for acne bacteria, and an inflammatory process begins in the pores.This is how acne occurs.

What are the main factors for the appearance of acne?

Influence of hormones

One of the main reasons for the increased production of sebum is a high level of male sex hormones androgens or an increased sensitivity of the sebaceous glands to them. Until the age of 25, skin problems due to unstable hormonal levels are considered a normal option, but it is important to consider that even at a more mature age there are factors that can affect the production of sex hormones, such as pregnancy, menopause or prolonged stress.

“Increased sensitivity of the sebaceous glands or high levels of hormones, as a rule, are determined genetically, therefore, it will not be possible to turn oily skin into normal with the help of procedures and cosmetics. But it is possible to reduce the activity of the sebaceous glands. ”

Check if you are taking proper care of problem skin.

fifteen

How would you describe the condition of your skin?

2/5

How often do you cleanse your skin?

3/5

What cleaning products do you usually use?

4/5

Do you have a moisturizer in your beauty routine?

5/5

Are there any matting products in your cosmetic bag?

Hyperkeratosis

Hyperkeratosis is expressed in the inability of the skin to get rid of dead cells in time and their accumulation on the surface of the epidermis.This prevents the free release of sebum to the surface of the skin and the formation of sebaceous plugs in the hair channels. To avoid this, you should use exfoliating products and do not neglect deep cleansing procedures in salons.

Power supply features

According to the results of numerous studies, an excess of carbohydrates in the diet (baked goods made from white flour, snacks and desserts) increases the activity of the sebaceous glands and, as a result, provokes the appearance of acne. Science has not yet officially recognized this fact, but cutting down on simple carbohydrates will not hurt anyway.

Improper care

Let’s list the most common mistakes that owners of oily skin make when caring for it.

1. 1

   Overdry the skin, wanting to get rid of excessive shine with aggressive cleansers. This leads to dehydration and flaking, and also provokes increased production of sebum.

2. 2

   A thick nourishing cream that clogs pores is used to care for irritated, dry skin.

3. 3

   The pores are clogged, the oily sheen has increased, and the skin is again cleaned, for example, with alcohol-based products. This creates a vicious circle that needs to be broken.

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Rating of the 8 best creams for acne, blackheads and acne

What is the best acne cream? Effective cosmetics against imperfections not only dries pimples, but fights inflammation and has sebum-regulating properties.It is these products that are presented in the list of acne creams – the best, according to Skin.ru editors.

BB cream “Clean skin. Active ”, SPF 15, Garnier evens skin tone, visibly reduces acne, mattifies due to the content of salicylic acid in a concentration of 2% and“ smart ”mineral pigments. As befits a BB cream, it includes an SPF 15 sun protection filter.

Dual Action Day Corrective Care Normaderm Phytosolution, Vichy

The care contains probiotic Bifidus, hyaluronic acid, salicylic acid and Vichy thermal water.Working together, these substances help moisturize and protect the skin’s barrier. Imperfections, enlarged pores, blackheads disappear. The skin looks much better.

Correcting toning cream-gel for oily problem skin prone to acne Effaclar Duo (+), La Roche-Posay

In just 12 hours, visibly reduces imperfections, and also masks them and prevents the formation of new ones. The composition includes Aqua Posae Filiformis, mannose, as well as a complex of salicylic and lipohydroxy acids, Procerad ceramide.

Correcting emulsion Effaclar K +, La Roche-Posay

The product helps to normalize the production of sebum and absorbs its excess, prevents the formation of blackheads, mattifies up to 8 hours. The incredible lightness of texture and matting effect is provided by the Airlicium molecule, which is 99% air and 1% silicon. The active ingredients have a caring effect: vitamin E, carnosine, salicylic acid, lipohydroxy acid.

Moisturizing Botanical Facial Cream “Green Tea”, mattifying, for combination to oily skin, Garnier

Mattifies the skin and minimizes the appearance of imperfections, has a pleasant light texture, 96% consists of natural ingredients.

Breakout Control Targeted Blemish Spot Treatment, Kiehl’s

Reduces imperfections in just one night, fighting the root cause – pathogenic bacteria. Promotes the regulation of the activity of the sebaceous glands.

Highly effective night care cream with retinol Retinol 0.3, SkinCeuticals

The cream reduces visible signs of photodamage, tightens pores, reduces the appearance of wrinkles, improves skin texture, and stimulates its renewal.Applies in the evening! The composition includes pure encapsulated retinol.

Anti-aging cream-gel for problem skin Normaderm, Vichy

Perfectly moisturizes the skin and reduces imperfections, as well as has an anti-aging effect. The composition includes exfoliating glycolic and lipohydroxy acids, vitamin C.

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How to choose an acne cream

Acne creams can contain acids, zinc, sulfur, minerals.© iStock

Questions that most often concern those who suffer from blackheads, acne, acne: is it possible to buy a cream for acne on the face in a pharmacy, is there a cream for acne and blackheads, which of them really help?

There is no unequivocal answer to these questions, but we can definitely say that when choosing a cream for acne and acne, some nuances should be taken into account.

Age

In adulthood, the epidermis begins to lose lipids, which are important for maintaining the protective hydrolipid mantle of the skin, which prevents water evaporation.Accordingly, the skin becomes more sensitive and vulnerable.

After reaching the 30-year mark, you can try creams that clogged pores at the age of 18. Now their dense texture is likely to suit you.

Degree of defeat

Acne is a serious condition and must be treated under the guidance of a physician. If the problem is no longer in a few pimples and clogged pores, but in cystic inflammation, do not self-medicate, make an appointment with a dermatologist. A specialist will help alleviate the condition of the skin and prescribe an effective acne cream.

Season

Conditionally creams for problem skin can be divided into exfoliating and anti-inflammatory, but these functions can be combined in one tool. The best exfoliators are retinol and acids. Dermatologists recommend actively using them only during the period of inactive sun (from October to March).

Composition of acne cream

Below is a list of ingredients to look out for when examining a problem skin cream label.

• Zinc regulates sebum production and has an antibacterial effect.

• Absorbents (silicon, perlite, kaolin) matte the skin and deeply cleanse from grease and impurities.

• Derivatives of vitamin A ( retinoids ) stimulate cell renewal, thereby correcting skin tone and relief, fighting inflammation and hyperkeratosis – pathological growth of the stratum corneum.

• Niacinamide (vitamin B3) soothes and relieves irritation, improves microcirculation.

• Salicylic acid (BHA) dissolves the “glue” that holds dead epidermal particles and excess sebum.

• Hydroxy acids , such as lipohydroxy acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, almond, make the skin regenerate faster. Evens out the relief and prevents clogging of pores.

• Talc slows down the activity of the sebaceous glands and mattifies.

Most importantly, do not forget to use high-protection Sanskrin every day, since retinol and acids increase the photosensitivity of the skin.

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How to prevent acne on the face

There is nothing difficult in preventing acne.

• Skin care starts with moisturizing – choose a cream according to your skin type and remember to use it daily, morning and evening.

• Creams with acids will help to timely get rid of unnecessary burden in the form of dead cells that interfere with the normal regulation of sebum.

• Soothing creams will put your skin in order when cleansing is too aggressive and exfoliation is traumatic.

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Prevention of acne in adolescents

Acne can appear in adolescence and adulthood.© iStock

Acne in teenagers most often occurs due to the instability of the hormonal background. You can only discuss all the issues related to this topic with a dermatologist, and we, for our part, can only give a few good tips for skin care in adolescence.

• Proper skin cleansing : do not go to bed with cosmetics on your face, do not forget to wash your face after training and physical education lessons.

• Regular exfoliation : Scrubs work well as exfoliants at a young age, but do not use them if there is open inflammation on the face. Acids are a universal exfoliant, the main thing is not to forget about sun protection after using products based on them.

• Deep Cleansing : Do a clay or special mud cleansing mask once a week.

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Peculiarities of using acne creams

The scheme of using the tool corresponds to its task.

• Moisturizing creams are applied to slightly damp skin after toner and serum with massaging movements.

• Exfoliating products with acids and retinoids, on the contrary, are applied only to clean skin. Mostly in the evening.

• Treatment formulas with antibacterial ingredients also apply to clean skin before moisturizing.

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90,000 how it manifests itself and what to do about it

Imagine: you bought a new cream, applied it to your skin, but instead of reducing wrinkles by 99%, you got rashes and itching.What can I say, the situation is not pleasant – there is an allergy to the cream. Or is it not? Let’s figure out what could be the reason, and how to protect ourselves from such phenomena.

Why does allergy occur?

Allergy as an entity is an overly active reaction of the body to the effects of allergens : substances that provoke an unwanted skin reaction. A person is a complex, individual organism, which means that the causes of allergies can be different. Most often, the propensity for certain reactions is due to a whole complex of different factors.These include:

• genetic predisposition;
• hormonal background, the presence of chronic diseases, vitamin deficiency, decreased immunity during therapy;
• stress, climate change, neglect of UV protection;
• increased sweating and skin sensitivity.

These factors create the environment for the development of dermatitis – skin reactions to contact with a certain irritant.In this case, both household chemicals and animals, perfumes, fabrics, flowers, medicines or food can act as an allergen.

Alas, even ordinary nuts can make you sneeze and itch, as can foam for washing, and even a fluffy pet. This does not mean that you need to avoid everything around and live in a hypoallergenic spacesuit. But it is worth drawing conclusions and becoming more attentive to the world around you and the products that you consume.

One of the possible allergy tests is allergy skin tests.The test is carried out by an allergist

How to recognize a cosmetic allergy

In terms of external manifestations, an allergy to cosmetics may not differ from an allergy to a new coat or perfume. However, there is a difference. Lipstick, cream or mask is applied locally, which means that the reaction will occur in this area. You should be alerted by symptoms such as:

• localized moderate redness at the site of application of the product;
• mild itching and burning;
• dryness, cracks and flaking;
• local tissue edema.

These symptoms are referred to simple contact dermatitis . The reaction can appear after one application and disappear as soon as you eliminate the cause of the irritation.

Allocate also allergic dermatitis . It manifests itself in the form of severe itching, rash, bright redness and weeping rashes. It can last for a long time and spread to areas of the skin that have not come into contact with cosmetics.

Another type of dermatitis is photoallergic .It manifests itself in the form of rashes on open skin areas that are not protected by clothing, redness and itching. It occurs due to the sensitivity of the skin to the sun (photosensitivity) after the use of retinoids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, natural essential oils, para-aminobenzoic (PABA or vitamin B10) and salicylic acids.

Remember: only a doctor can correctly establish the type of irritation, diagnose and choose an effective treatment regimen!

Natural cosmetics = safe cosmetics?

Serum with a high content of vitamin C, tonic with essential oils and lemon, sea buckthorn cream.And no “chemistry”! Sounds tempting. True, this does not mean at all that an allergic reaction will not occur to these maximally “natural”, environmentally friendly products.

Perhaps it will surprise you, but the most hypoallergenic products are synthetic, since they lack proteins that are primarily perceived by the immune system as foreign to the body and require immediate destruction. If you pay attention to baby cosmetics from serious large companies, then mineral oil will be the number one component there.And not because “they want to destroy children” and “bathe in oil”, but because this is the safest component, from which, for example, Quincke’s edema will not happen.

Is it possible to prevent the occurrence of allergies

A few rules to help you keep yourself safe:

1. Study the composition of the products before buying. Natural fragrances (essential oils), some preservatives, coloring agents (mainly found in pigments of decorative cosmetics and hair dyes), honey and its derivatives become most often provocateurs of rashes and itching.Rarely: mineral oils, plant extracts, minerals, lanolin. This does not mean that these remedies should be avoided, but it is better to be on the lookout. Especially with severe skin sensitivity.
2. Test new cosmetics before use. To do this, apply a small amount of the product to the crook of the elbow and wait up to 48 hours.
3. Observe the rules for storing products and do not use cosmetics after the expiration date.
4. Always follow the manufacturer’s recommendations. Do not overexpose masks, do not apply creams to mucous membranes, do not use products intended for professionals without appropriate skills.

What to do if the skin reacts to cosmetics

If any component of cosmetics does cause an undesirable skin reaction in you, then the first thing to do is to stop using this product and wash it off from your skin . After that, you should check the instructions and check the expiration dates.If you did everything correctly, and the cosmetics are not expired, act according to the situation:

• Watch the dynamics. If the reaction begins to subside within an hour, it is enough not to use the product anymore.
• Take your usual antihistamine (Suprastin, Fenistil, etc.)
• If symptoms persist, see a doctor .

What to do next?

The first desire after buying an unsuitable cosmetics is to return it to the store and receive compensation from the manufacturer.However, according to the law on consumer protection, cosmetics is included in the list of products that cannot be returned or exchanged (see Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of January 19, 1998 No. 55 “On approval of the Rules for the sale of certain types of goods …” ) … You can get money back only in one case: if the cosmetics you bought turned out to be of inadequate quality. Keep in mind: An individual allergic reaction does not prove the product is defective.

Therefore, it is better to offer the remedy to someone else by honestly explaining the situation.Place ads on special services, in thematic groups on social networks, or share an inappropriate product with family or friends.

As for further purchases, do not rush to give up shopping! If a rash occurs on one cream, this does not mean that the same reaction will be on the other. Try to determine which component triggered the allergy. An allergist can help with this by prescribing the necessary tests. In the future, just avoid products with this ingredient in the composition.

How to get rid of itchy skin?

2020.04.25

Why am I concerned about itchy skin?

Do you feel itchy and an unrelenting urge to itch? Feeling itchy in your back and not reaching this place?

It is often difficult to determine or explain the reason for this. This can be an elemental cause, but it can also be a symptom of a more serious skin lesion, such as a rash or disease.

Start with the easiest solutions. Try a different fabric, take care of your skin, and avoid anything that you think might be itchy. If that doesn’t work, talk to your doctor who will examine you for advice and prescribe appropriate treatment.

Is your skin dry?

If your skin is dry, it often leads to unpleasant itching. Exacerbations are more common in winter when the indoor air dries up. As you age, your skin also dries out more often and faster.

To relieve itching caused by dry skin:

• After bathing, use a moisturizer while your skin is still damp, and change your clothes more often.
• Drink plenty of fluids to stay hydrated.
• Use a humidifier.
• Take a short shower and do not use too hot water.
• Use a mild moisturizing soap.
• Is there a rash in itchy areas?

If you have an itchy spot and notice redness or a rash, the problem is most likely in your skin.This can happen due to:

Fungal and bacterial infections such as impetigo and folliculitis.

Insect Bite : When you get bitten by a mosquito or a spider, you usually know it. Flea and tick bites are more difficult to diagnose because they look like a rash. Mosquitoes can cause swelling and severe itching.

Eczema or atopic dermatitis : Dry, scaly dandruff or purulent eruptions on the skin. It’s not clear what is causing this, but itching is very common.Children are more likely to suffer from asthma and allergies in their families. Eczema can get worse due to certain food allergies. These places are very itchy.

Contact dermatitis : This itchy rash is caused by a reaction to something that touches your skin. You may have to do some detective work to find out the reasons for this. These can be metals in your jewelry or chemicals in cosmetics, toiletries, and cleaning products. Stop using or wearing whatever you think might be causing it and check for itching.

Could it be a surface of the skin or an internal problem of the body?

Human skin often reflects if something goes wrong inside the body, so itching can be a sign of deeper problems in the body.

Urticaria : This is a form of allergy. Protruding areas appear on the skin that are isolated or confluent, and are usually itchy. It is caused by stress, heat, exercise, or sun exposure.

Psoriasis : A chronic recurrent disease that affects the skin and (in severe cases) the joints.This happens when the superficial skin cells begin to multiply too quickly. The skin looks like it is covered with scales that sometimes hurt, and red patches remain on the back of the head. Men and women get sick in the same way.

Pregnancy : More than 1 in 10 pregnant women believe itching is a problem. Causes range from harmless rashes to more serious conditions (such as liver dysfunction).

Medicines : Some medicines may cause itchy skin even if there is no sign of rash or irritation.Talk to your doctor if the itching gets too unpleasant. These medicines are known to doctors. It is:

Medications for high blood pressure are called ACE inhibitors
Allopurinol for the treatment of gout
Amiodarone is used to treat heart rhythm problems
Urinary preparations
estrogen
Hydroxyethylcellulose (used during surgery)
Prescription pain relievers called opioids
Statins for lowering high cholesterol levels
Pain relievers: acetaminophen, ibuprofen, etc.
Certain nervous diseases.

Your nervous system sometimes sends false signals from the nerves that innervate the skin, so we start to feel itchy, although, since there is no apparent reason for this, there is no rash, but your skin may be irritated from scratches or abrasions. This can happen with the following diseases:

• shingles
• Multiple sclerosis
• stroke
• Brain tumor
• Nerve damage

Is it just a psychological reason?

If the doctor does not find a physical cause, the cause may be psychological, as some mental conditions cause people to bite.They may feel like something is crawling over their skin. There is no rash, but the skin can be damaged by scratches. This happens when you have:

• depression
• anxiety
• Obsessive-compulsive disorder
• psychosis
• trichotillomania

Very rare:

Itching usually has a simple, common cause. But in some cases, if this persists, it could be a sign of a serious medical condition, such as:

• Kidney disease
• Liver disease
• Thyroid problems
• Certain cancers, especially Hodgkin’s disease
• diabetes
• Iron deficiency
• HIV

Itching may be felt after treatment for some of the following conditions:

• renal dialysis
• chemotherapy
• radiotherapy

IF SIMPLE MEASURES DO NOT WORK – CONTACT YOUR DOCTOR IMMEDIATELY

90,000 12 Best Acne Remedies – 2020 Ranking (Top 12)

Acne or ACNE (acne), acne, acne vulgaris is a chronic recurrent disease of the sebaceous glands caused by many factors.

According to statistics, at different periods of life, any rashes on the face appear in 70-90% of people, and at the age of 14-19 in 93%. That is, this topic really worries many. The best acne remedies will be discussed in our rating.

Classification of acne

Depending on the age at which they occurred:

• Acne infantum – appears at the age of 3-18 months, localized on the cheeks. Usually go away by themselves by 1-2 years.
• Juvenile acne (teenage acne) – appears at the age of 9-25 years, the maximum peak is 15-19 years, localized in the central part of the face (T-zone: forehead, cheeks, nose, chin). They pass after hormonal changes in the body or turn into adult acne (late).
• Late acne (acne tarda) – appear after 25 years, localized mainly on the lower third of the face and neck. Almost always associated with the hormonal system, often disappear after the appointment of oral contraceptives.

By severity:

• 1- Almost clear skin – a small number of comedones (blackheads) and single papules (rashes without a purulent head).
• 2- Light – less than half of the face is affected with comedones, papules and pustules (rashes with a purulent head).
• 3- Moderate – more than half of the face is affected with a large number of comedones, papules and pustules.
• 4- Severe – the whole face is affected with a large number of comedones, papules, pustules and single nodes (large, deep inflammations)
• 5- Very severe – the whole face is affected with pronounced inflammatory acne and nodes.

Causes contributing to the occurrence of acne (acne)

The latest research in the field of dermatovenerology and acne treatment suggests that the first in the process of the appearance of rashes is inflammation, which can be provoked by the following factors:

• Hormones. Yes, yes, this is indeed one of the most common causes of acne on the face and body. In the vast majority of cases, you can find an increased level of androgens (for example, dehydrotestosterone), or simply a high sensitivity of the sebaceous glands to androgens (sex hormones). Good news : if acne appeared in adolescence and is associated with hormones, then after 25 years and the normalization of hormonal levels (or oral contraceptives, which will be prescribed by a gynecologist), they go into stable remission (practically do not appear). Bad news : Acne can appear after 25 years, the so-called adult acne.
• Sebum overproduction. Oily skin – as a rule, it all starts with it. Greasy shine, enlarged pores.Insufficient cleansing – and hello, blackheads, comedones and acne. Although the presence of oily skin does not yet indicate the mandatory appearance of rashes (if the hormonal background is in order, and the care is correctly selected). Good news : those with oily skin have wrinkles much later than any other. Bad news : if oily skin is constantly dry, more sebum will be produced.
• Follicular hyperkeratosis . Essentially, poor cleansing and exfoliation of old (dead) cells in the top layer of the skin.The cells accumulate and clog the duct of the sebaceous gland, which creates a plug (thickening) and an anaerobic (anoxic) environment for bacteria to grow. It can provoke rashes both on the face and not on the body. Good news : A good cleanser and exfoliator will solve the problem. Bad news : Foundation and powder also clog the ducts.
• Pathogenic microorganisms . In particular, Cutibacterium acnes (bacteria), formerly Propionibacterium acnes and Demodex (mite).Refers to conditionally pathogenic flora, normally found on the skin. With an increase in number, they are able to maintain and lead to acne and inflammation (although they are not the main provoking factor). Good news : topical antibiotics and antiprotozoal drugs are good (as well as physiotherapy). The bad news is : if other problems are not solved, then not for long.
• Incorrect power supply . There has been a lot of discussion and research on this topic.To date, experts have come to the conclusion that certain foods and substances do lead to acne and other skin problems. These are milk (especially skimmed) and dairy products, fast carbohydrates (especially fast food and foods with a high sugar and starch content), foods containing large amounts of amino acids: leucine, valine, isoleucine, as well as protein shakes (BCAA). Good news : If you reduce your consumption of the above foods and switch to a healthy diet (more vegetables), the risk of facial rashes will decrease. Bad news : Sugar and starch are almost everywhere.
• Excess weight . High body mass index (BMI) is a risk factor for the development of moderate to severe acne in adolescents and young adults. Overweight and obesity are especially often associated with rashes in girls 18-20 years old. The good news : Sports and weight loss work well in the fight against acne as well. Bad news : More often than not, being overweight is one of several factors and additional treatment and care may be required for a good result.

In order to solve the problem of acne or take it into remission (the stage of rest, in which there are no active rashes) for many years, a comprehensive individual approach is needed. Very often it is even a change in lifestyle. The simplest and most common starting point for dealing with acne is to find a good treatment and care product. Not all of them will definitely work for you, but something will definitely work.

Finally, the information on the remedies for acne on our website is given as a reference.The correct treatment should be prescribed by a doctor! Improper use of funds can only worsen the situation. If acne on your face is not an isolated problem for you, but a serious disaster – do not self-medicate, contact a specialist.

Best Acne Remedies – Top 12

Attention!
There are contraindications, specialist advice is needed

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