Bladder Wall Thickening: Causes and Treatment

Introduction

Your urinary bladder is a balloon-shaped organ that stores urine from the kidneys until it’s released through the urethra. The bladder is located in the pelvic cavity between the pelvic bones. It can hold around 2 cups of urine.

When the bladder is filling with urine, the muscles in the bladder wall relax. When it’s time to urinate, the bladder wall muscles tighten to help push urine out through the urethra.

A thickening of the bladder wall can be a sign of several medical conditions. It’s usually accompanied by other symptoms, too. Many of these conditions are easily treatable with an early diagnosis.

It’s important to report any changes in your urinary habits to your doctor. Bladder infections, for example, can lead to kidney infections. These can be quite serious if not treated early.

The muscular wall of your bladder tends to grow thicker if it has to work harder to urinate. It can also thicken if it becomes irritated and inflamed. Scarring of the bladder wall may also cause it to thicken.

Common causes of bladder wall thickening include:

Inflammation due to urinary tract infection (UTI)

A UTI is often the result of bacteria entering the urethra and then the bladder. These infections are more common among females than males.

UTIs are often associated with sexual intercourse, but a woman who isn’t sexually active can also develop a bladder infection. This is simply because of the amount of bacteria in and around the vagina.

One of the major responses to a UTI is inflammation of the bladder wall, a condition known as cystitis. Prolonged inflammation can lead to thickening of the wall. Some other causes of cystitis include inflammation triggered by cancer treatments, like radiation and chemotherapy, or prolonged use of a catheter.

Noncancerous tissue growths

Abnormal tissue growth in the bladder wall causes tumors to grow and the wall to thicken. Noncancerous (benign) tumors include papillomas. For some cases, viruses may be the cause of these growths.

Other benign bladder tumors include leiomyomas, but these are rare. They result from an overgrowth of smooth muscle cells in the bladder wall.

Fibromas are another benign bladder tumor. Abnormal growth of fibrous connective tissue in the bladder wall causes these.

Cancer

Cancerous (malignant) tumors tend to form first in the innermost lining of the bladder wall. This lining is known as the transitional epithelium.

The abnormal growth of cells in the bladder wall may be related to smoking tobacco or exposure to chemicals. Chronic irritation of the bladder wall or previous radiation exposure can also be the culprit.

Hemorrhagic cystitis

Sometimes irritation and inflammation of the bladder wall causes bleeding from the bladder lining. This is considered hemorrhagic cystitis. Causes may include:

• radiation therapy
• chemotherapy
• an infection
• exposure to certain chemicals, such as insecticides or dyes

Amyloidosis

Amyloid is a type of abnormal protein that’s made in your bone marrow. Amyloidosis is the buildup of amyloid in an organ. The bladder is one of several organs that can be vulnerable to this disease, but it’s not common.

End stage renal disease can trigger the abnormal growth of amyloid when dialysis doesn’t filter out amyloid that may be present. Autoimmune inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, can also trigger amyloidosis, as well as other conditions. There’s also an inherited version called familial amyloidosis.

Bladder outlet obstruction

Bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) is a blockage at the base of the bladder where it empties into the urethra. For men, an enlarged prostate or prostate cancer can result in BOO. Other causes of BOO for men and women include:

• bladder stones
• tumors
• scar tissue in the urethra

Symptoms of bladder wall thickening usually relate to changes in your urinary habits. You may urinate more frequently, or you may notice that it feels different when you relieve yourself. You may also notice changes in the urine itself.

Underlying causes, such as infections or tumors, can lead to some of the following symptoms:

Fever

Cystitis may cause a low-grade fever. A fever is a symptom of many conditions. But if a fever develops at the same time as bladder-related symptoms, see your doctor right away.

Pain when urinating

Painful urination is a symptom of many conditions as well, ranging from sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) to bladder cancer. A bladder or kidney infection can also cause a burning sensation when you’re urinating. This is one of the surest signs that you should seek medical treatment soon.

Urgency or difficulty urinating

A bladder disorder can make it difficult to fully empty your bladder. This can cause frequent urination, feeling like you always have to urinate, or both.

When the bladder wall thickens, the bladder may not be able to hold as much urine as it normally does. This can create those urgent feelings of having to urinate more frequently. BOO can also make it harder to urinate.

Cloudy urine or blood in urine

You may also see a small amount of blood in your urine. Sometimes this occurs from something as harmless as a strenuous workout. It could also be a sign of cystitis, bladder cancer, or another urinary tract problem.

Often, blood in urine can only be seen under a microscope. If you can see blood in your urine yourself or notice your urine turning cloudy, see your doctor, even if you have no other symptoms yet. It can be a sign of several potentially serious conditions. It’s best to get an early diagnosis sooner rather than later.

Foul-smelling urine

Foul-smelling urine or urine with a very strong smell could simply be related to food or beverages you recently consumed. However, it may be a sign of infection. Once a bladder infection is effectively treated, the related foul smell should disappear.

The underlying causes of a thickened bladder wall can differ between men and women.

BOO is more common among men, because it’s often linked to prostate problems. An enlarged prostate forces the bladder to work harder to empty itself of urine. This in turn causes the bladder wall to thicken. Prostate treatment can help reduce the burden on the bladder.

UTIs are more common among women. Thorough treatment can ease the strain on the bladder and allow thickened bladder walls to return to normal.

If you notice symptoms of bladder wall thickening or any symptoms related to your urinary tract system, see your doctor.

They’ll likely have you undergo several tests, such as a urinalysis. For this test, a sample of your urine is checked for signs of infection, blood cells, or abnormal protein levels. If your doctor suspects bladder cancer, they’ll check for cancer cells, too.

If cancer is a possibility, a cystoscopy may also be performed. During this procedure, a thin, flexible scope is guided up the urethra to check the lining of your urethra and bladder. A cystoscopy can also evaluate recurrent infections in the urinary tract.

In addition, a woman may undergo a pelvic exam to help diagnose an infection or other disorder.

Treating a thickened bladder wall means treating the underlying condition that caused the change in the wall.

For example, UTI treatment usually involves a course of antibiotic therapy. To prevent UTIs, practice good hygiene. Wipe front to back to reduce the risk of germs from the rectum reaching the urethra.

Surgery can remove noncancerous tumors that are causing you symptoms. The tumors usually won’t recur.

Cancerous growths can sometimes be removed with surgery, too. Additional cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy or radiation, may also be necessary.

Prostate treatment is a somewhat controversial subject. Prostate surgery can sometimes lead to incontinence or erectile dysfunction. If prostate symptoms are minor, your doctor may recommend a watch-and-wait approach to monitor your prostate regularly. Prostate cancer is often a slow-growing cancer. This means aggressive treatment isn’t always best.

If excess bladder emptying due to urge incontinence is a problem, your doctor may recommend anticholinergic drugs. These medications relax the detrusor muscle of the bladder.

If urinary retention is occurring due to BOO, your doctor may prescribe medication, such as tamsulosin, to help your urine flow be stronger.

A range of conditions can trigger bladder wall thickening. If you suspect that you have a condition causing you bladder problems, see your doctor, even if it just seems like a minor annoyance at first. Doing so will prevent your symptoms from worsening. Some bladder conditions can lead to life-threatening kidney problems.

Early treatment can prevent long-term harm and provide fast relief for uncomfortable symptoms.

Bladder Wall Thickening: Causes and Treatment

Introduction

Your urinary bladder is a balloon-shaped organ that stores urine from the kidneys until it’s released through the urethra. The bladder is located in the pelvic cavity between the pelvic bones. It can hold around 2 cups of urine.

When the bladder is filling with urine, the muscles in the bladder wall relax. When it’s time to urinate, the bladder wall muscles tighten to help push urine out through the urethra.

A thickening of the bladder wall can be a sign of several medical conditions. It’s usually accompanied by other symptoms, too. Many of these conditions are easily treatable with an early diagnosis.

It’s important to report any changes in your urinary habits to your doctor. Bladder infections, for example, can lead to kidney infections. These can be quite serious if not treated early.

The muscular wall of your bladder tends to grow thicker if it has to work harder to urinate. It can also thicken if it becomes irritated and inflamed. Scarring of the bladder wall may also cause it to thicken.

Common causes of bladder wall thickening include:

Inflammation due to urinary tract infection (UTI)

A UTI is often the result of bacteria entering the urethra and then the bladder. These infections are more common among females than males.

UTIs are often associated with sexual intercourse, but a woman who isn’t sexually active can also develop a bladder infection. This is simply because of the amount of bacteria in and around the vagina.

One of the major responses to a UTI is inflammation of the bladder wall, a condition known as cystitis. Prolonged inflammation can lead to thickening of the wall. Some other causes of cystitis include inflammation triggered by cancer treatments, like radiation and chemotherapy, or prolonged use of a catheter.

Noncancerous tissue growths

Abnormal tissue growth in the bladder wall causes tumors to grow and the wall to thicken. Noncancerous (benign) tumors include papillomas. For some cases, viruses may be the cause of these growths.

Other benign bladder tumors include leiomyomas, but these are rare. They result from an overgrowth of smooth muscle cells in the bladder wall.

Fibromas are another benign bladder tumor. Abnormal growth of fibrous connective tissue in the bladder wall causes these.

Cancer

Cancerous (malignant) tumors tend to form first in the innermost lining of the bladder wall. This lining is known as the transitional epithelium.

The abnormal growth of cells in the bladder wall may be related to smoking tobacco or exposure to chemicals. Chronic irritation of the bladder wall or previous radiation exposure can also be the culprit.

Hemorrhagic cystitis

Sometimes irritation and inflammation of the bladder wall causes bleeding from the bladder lining. This is considered hemorrhagic cystitis. Causes may include:

• radiation therapy
• chemotherapy
• an infection
• exposure to certain chemicals, such as insecticides or dyes

Amyloidosis

Amyloid is a type of abnormal protein that’s made in your bone marrow. Amyloidosis is the buildup of amyloid in an organ. The bladder is one of several organs that can be vulnerable to this disease, but it’s not common.

End stage renal disease can trigger the abnormal growth of amyloid when dialysis doesn’t filter out amyloid that may be present. Autoimmune inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, can also trigger amyloidosis, as well as other conditions. There’s also an inherited version called familial amyloidosis.

Bladder outlet obstruction

Bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) is a blockage at the base of the bladder where it empties into the urethra. For men, an enlarged prostate or prostate cancer can result in BOO. Other causes of BOO for men and women include:

• bladder stones
• tumors
• scar tissue in the urethra

Symptoms of bladder wall thickening usually relate to changes in your urinary habits. You may urinate more frequently, or you may notice that it feels different when you relieve yourself. You may also notice changes in the urine itself.

Underlying causes, such as infections or tumors, can lead to some of the following symptoms:

Fever

Cystitis may cause a low-grade fever. A fever is a symptom of many conditions. But if a fever develops at the same time as bladder-related symptoms, see your doctor right away.

Pain when urinating

Painful urination is a symptom of many conditions as well, ranging from sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) to bladder cancer. A bladder or kidney infection can also cause a burning sensation when you’re urinating. This is one of the surest signs that you should seek medical treatment soon.

Urgency or difficulty urinating

A bladder disorder can make it difficult to fully empty your bladder. This can cause frequent urination, feeling like you always have to urinate, or both.

When the bladder wall thickens, the bladder may not be able to hold as much urine as it normally does. This can create those urgent feelings of having to urinate more frequently. BOO can also make it harder to urinate.

Cloudy urine or blood in urine

You may also see a small amount of blood in your urine. Sometimes this occurs from something as harmless as a strenuous workout. It could also be a sign of cystitis, bladder cancer, or another urinary tract problem.

Often, blood in urine can only be seen under a microscope. If you can see blood in your urine yourself or notice your urine turning cloudy, see your doctor, even if you have no other symptoms yet. It can be a sign of several potentially serious conditions. It’s best to get an early diagnosis sooner rather than later.

Foul-smelling urine

Foul-smelling urine or urine with a very strong smell could simply be related to food or beverages you recently consumed. However, it may be a sign of infection. Once a bladder infection is effectively treated, the related foul smell should disappear.

The underlying causes of a thickened bladder wall can differ between men and women.

BOO is more common among men, because it’s often linked to prostate problems. An enlarged prostate forces the bladder to work harder to empty itself of urine. This in turn causes the bladder wall to thicken. Prostate treatment can help reduce the burden on the bladder.

UTIs are more common among women. Thorough treatment can ease the strain on the bladder and allow thickened bladder walls to return to normal.

If you notice symptoms of bladder wall thickening or any symptoms related to your urinary tract system, see your doctor.

They’ll likely have you undergo several tests, such as a urinalysis. For this test, a sample of your urine is checked for signs of infection, blood cells, or abnormal protein levels. If your doctor suspects bladder cancer, they’ll check for cancer cells, too.

If cancer is a possibility, a cystoscopy may also be performed. During this procedure, a thin, flexible scope is guided up the urethra to check the lining of your urethra and bladder. A cystoscopy can also evaluate recurrent infections in the urinary tract.

In addition, a woman may undergo a pelvic exam to help diagnose an infection or other disorder.

Treating a thickened bladder wall means treating the underlying condition that caused the change in the wall.

For example, UTI treatment usually involves a course of antibiotic therapy. To prevent UTIs, practice good hygiene. Wipe front to back to reduce the risk of germs from the rectum reaching the urethra.

Surgery can remove noncancerous tumors that are causing you symptoms. The tumors usually won’t recur.

Cancerous growths can sometimes be removed with surgery, too. Additional cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy or radiation, may also be necessary.

Prostate treatment is a somewhat controversial subject. Prostate surgery can sometimes lead to incontinence or erectile dysfunction. If prostate symptoms are minor, your doctor may recommend a watch-and-wait approach to monitor your prostate regularly. Prostate cancer is often a slow-growing cancer. This means aggressive treatment isn’t always best.

If excess bladder emptying due to urge incontinence is a problem, your doctor may recommend anticholinergic drugs. These medications relax the detrusor muscle of the bladder.

If urinary retention is occurring due to BOO, your doctor may prescribe medication, such as tamsulosin, to help your urine flow be stronger.

A range of conditions can trigger bladder wall thickening. If you suspect that you have a condition causing you bladder problems, see your doctor, even if it just seems like a minor annoyance at first. Doing so will prevent your symptoms from worsening. Some bladder conditions can lead to life-threatening kidney problems.

Early treatment can prevent long-term harm and provide fast relief for uncomfortable symptoms.

Ultrasound of the bladder – Aphrodite

Ultrasound of the bladder occupies an important place in the diagnosis of many diseases associated with this delicate organ.

Bladder ultrasound occupies an important place in the diagnosis of many diseases associated with this delicate organ. Ultrasound diagnostics is used for people of different ages, pregnant women, newborns, the elderly. It has no contraindications, but at the same time there is a wide list of indications for use. Please note that preparation is required before the procedure.

The bladder is an important unpaired organ that is part of the urinary system and is located in the small pelvis.

Bladder and its function during pregnancy

The main task of the bladder is to store urine, which comes from the kidneys through the ureters. Urine then travels through the urethra and exits the body naturally. The bladder has the ability to stretch and contract depending on the amount of urine.

The urinary bladder in representatives of different sexes has the same structure. But there are some differences. They lie in the fact that in men, the outer outer part of the bladder borders on the prostate, and on the sides there are seminal ducts. In women, the back of the bladder is adjacent to the uterus and vagina. This neighborhood brings some discomfort to pregnant women.

The fact is that in the second half of pregnancy, when the uterus increases significantly in size, it puts pressure on the bladder and thereby provokes frequent urination. This is a normal condition and you should not worry about it. But if, after urination, the pregnant woman does not feel an empty bladder or urination is accompanied by pain, then you should consult a doctor. It can be congestion of urine and inflammation against this background. Cystitis is a fairly common disease in pregnant women (according to statistics, one in 10 is faced with inflammation in the bladder).

Indications for bladder ultrasound

• difficulty urinating (pain, discomfort)
• frequent urination, even painless
• feeling of not emptying the bladder
• bleeding during urination
• suspicion of urolithiasis and other diseases
• discoloration of urine
• small but frequent urination
• suprapubic pain
• urinary sediment

Ultrasonography of the bladder is often performed to diagnose diseases of adjacent organs, for example, to examine kidney function, chronic or acute cystitis. For men, when diagnosing prostate diseases, an examination of the bladder is also very useful.

Ultrasound of the bladder is an excellent tool for diagnosing any disease at any age.

How is the bladder ultrasound procedure performed?

There are two types of bladder ultrasound: external and internal. External is carried out through the stomach. Internal – through the vagina, urethra or rectum. For patients of both sexes, external examination is most often sufficient: the patient undresses to the waist, lies down on the couch. The doctor applies a special gel and begins the study. The procedure is painless and takes 15-20 minutes.

If indicated, an internal investigation is carried out. Another sensor is used, on which a condom is put on and lubricated with gel. The study is associated with discomfort. Be prepared, on the recommendation of a doctor, to pre-make a microclyster (if the study is carried out through the rectum).

What diseases are detected by ultrasound of the bladder?

• sand and stones
• inflammatory process in the mucous membrane of any nature (acute and inflammatory)
• neoplasms
• foreign bodies
• abnormalities in the development of an organ
• acute or chronic inflammatory process in the mucous membrane
• diverticula of the bladder walls
• anomalies in the development of the bladder or ureters

9002 3 reflux (reflux) of urine from the bladder into the ureters

Ultrasound gives information for assessing the passage of urine through the ureters, the shape of the urine flow, in which direction the flow is directed, whether the process is symmetrical on both sides. Based on the results of an ultrasound of the bladder, it is concluded whether the ureter is blocked and how much, the number of ureters where they open is estimated.

Preparing for an ultrasound of the bladder

As with any other type of ultrasound diagnostics, this should be taken seriously. The quality of the study and the accuracy of the diagnosis depend on this.

It is important that the bladder is full during the examination. In a stretched form, the bladder is convenient for diagnosing, studying its shape and structure. To do this, you need to drink about 2 liters of non-carbonated liquid 2-3 hours before the procedure. Or refrain from emptying for several hours.

If the urge to urinate is strong and you can’t stand it, you can empty partly and then drink more water.

If an ultrasound of the bladder is scheduled for the morning, not urinating in the morning can be very difficult. You can do the following: set an alarm for 3 a. m., empty your bladder, and in the morning it will be easier for you to wait for the examination.

How is the bladder ultrasound procedure performed?

Ultrasound can be performed in two ways:

• external examination (through the wall of the abdomen)
• internal examination (through the rectum, vagina or urethra)

External examination is carried out as follows:

• the patient exposes the abdomen or undresses to the waist ( the doctor will recommend how it is for him will be more convenient)
• the patient lies down on the couch facing the doctor
• the doctor applies a special gel on the stomach (or on the sensor, and the sensor already distributes the gel over the surface of the abdomen)
• Now it’s time for an ultrasound of the bladder itself: the sensor, sliding over the abdomen, scans the bladder and organs located with it.

Ultrasound examination is absolutely painless and takes 15-20 minutes. If the doctor has reason to suspect a pathology, he may ask the patient to empty the bladder, and then continue the examination.

If necessary, the doctor can immediately perform an internal bladder ultrasound.

For men, a genitourinary ultrasound is usually done through the abdominal wall. If obesity is pronounced, there is a prostate tumor, or there is fluid in the abdominal cavity due to cirrhosis of the liver, doctors resort to examination through the rectum.

In this case, a thin probe called a transducer is inserted into the patient’s rectum. With this type of ultrasound examination, the information is obtained as complete as possible, since only the wall of the rectum is located between the sensor and the bladder.

Please note that before the ultrasound, which is planned to be carried out through the rectum, you need to empty the intestines. You can use microclysters, herbal preparations or glycerin suppositories.

The doctor decides which type of ultrasound diagnostics to use based on the indications and the patient’s condition.

How to interpret the results of an ultrasound examination?

Analysis and interpretation of examination data is carried out by the attending physician on the basis of a comparison of numbers, anamnesis, and the patient’s condition.

Bladder ultrasound norm indicators:

Form

• has a rounded shape on transverse scans, ovoid on longitudinal images. The female bladder, in contrast to the male, is squeezed from above and expanded on the sides. Its shape is affected by the presence of pregnancy and the number of births. The body should be symmetrical, the contours are even, clear.

Structure

• an organ with an echo-negative structure. But with age, echogenicity increases due to inflammatory processes.

Bladder walls

• Normal wall thickness is 0.3-0.5 cm. Wall thickness should be the same everywhere. If there are local thickening or thinning on the surface, this is a sign of pathology.

Urine flow velocity

• urine flow velocity – 14.5 cm/s (maximum)

Urine residue

• Normally, not 50 ml should be left.

To find out if there is an obstruction in the flow of urine, ultrasound is used to determine the residuals. To do this, after the procedure, the patient is asked to urinate, after which the procedure is repeated. If there is more residue, then a detailed examination should be carried out to find out the cause: compression by the tumor, inflammation, or compression of the exit stone from the bladder.

The above information is provided as a general guide to increase patient awareness. It cannot be used for self-diagnosis. Only your doctor has the competence to correctly combine all the data from the results of ultrasound and anamnesis in order to make the correct diagnosis and prescribe a course of treatment.

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Ultrasound of the bladder: norms and interpretation

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Prices for ultrasound

Interpretation of ultrasound of the bladder
– a responsible business that requires special knowledge and skills from a specialist
skills. Do not try to decipher the scan results
self-diagnosis, and even more so self-diagnosis, is
fraught with dangerous consequences!

However, in order to have some idea of ​​how
decoding and what indicators are taken into account when making a diagnosis,
pay attention to this article.

Bladder ultrasound interpretation

Bladder ultrasound interpretation is performed by comparison
obtained results with normal values. So, take into account:

• Bladder shape
• Amount of urine
• The condition of the walls and cavity of the bladder

Thickening of the walls, change in the shape of the bubble, the presence of seals may
talk about many pathologies:

• Various anomalies of the bladder:
  • Organ duplication, complete and incomplete
  • Bladder diverticulum (protrusion of the organ wall)
  • Urethrocele
• Cystitis
• Bladder polyps
• Bladder cancer
• Bladder stones

Some of the pathologies detected by ultrasound of the bladder may be
deadly! That is why, after passing the examination, not
postpone the visit to the doctor: only a specialist can
diagnose the disease and prescribe the necessary treatment!

Bladder Ultrasound Norms

Bladder Ultrasound Normal is an ambiguous concept.
The fact is that each person’s body is unique, and that
considered the norm for one patient, will be a pathology for
another. In order not to miss the disease, contact for decoding
doctor! The specialist will take into account the characteristics of your body, symptoms and
other factors and will be able to detect pathology in a timely manner.

However, there are of course some “general” norms for urinary ultrasound.
Bladder:

• Bladder volume:
  • Women – 250-500 ml
  • For men – 350-700 ml
  • Children – 35-400 ml (depending on age)
• Shape – round, triangular
• Wall thickness – 2-5 mm
• Smooth borders
• No precipitation, flakes, stones
• Residual urine volume – 50 ml

If you have any questions,
ask our specialist!

Ask a question

Do not rush to sound the alarm if your indicators do not match
norm. You should also not relax if the indicators seem to you
ideal. We remind you: only a doctor can correctly
interpret the results, since in this case everything is purely
individually.

Don’t risk your health! Entrust the interpretation of the ultrasound of the bladder
professionals!

Sign up for an ultrasound of the bladder in the Diagnostic
center of Elena Malysheva near Baumanskaya metro station (see map)
by phone: 8 (495) 127-03-71 or leave a request on the website.

metro Baumanskaya
(see map)

8 (495) 127-03-71
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on the site

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Perevedenovsky lane, 8

8 (495) 127-03-71

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7701013912 dated February 22, 2017 Information and prices provided
on the site, are for reference only and are not a public offer.