Hypertension, How to Measure, and More

Having a systolic or diastolic blood pressure reading that is too high may mean you have high blood pressure. Doctors then categorize high blood pressure into stages.

Blood pressure is a measurement of the extent of the force of blood on your blood vessel walls as your heart pumps. It’s measured in millimeters of mercury (mm Hg).

Systolic blood pressure is the top number in a reading. It measures the pressure on blood vessels as your heart squeezes blood out to your body.

Diastolic blood pressure is the bottom number in a reading. It measures the pressure on blood vessels in between heartbeats while your heart fills up with blood returning from your body.

It’s important to manage your blood pressure.

Hypotension, or blood pressure that’s too low, can cause serious symptoms, like dizziness or fainting. Severely low blood pressure can damage organs by depriving them of blood flow and oxygen.

Hypertension, or blood pressure that’s too high, can put you at risk for:

• heart disease
• vision loss
• kidney failure
• stroke

To manage your blood pressure, you need to know which blood pressure numbers are ideal and which ones are cause for concern.

In general, meeting the criteria for hypotension has more to do with symptoms and specific situations than with exact numbers. But institutions like the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and the United Kingdom’s National Health Service (NHS) consider people hypotensive if their blood pressure falls within this range:

The numbers for hypotension serve as a guide, while the numbers for hypertension are more precise. According to the American Heart Association (AHA), these ranges represent normal, elevated, or high blood pressure:

When looking at these numbers, notice that only one of them needs to be too high to put you in a hypertensive category. For example, if your blood pressure is 119/81, you’d be considered to have stage 1 hypertension.

Blood pressure levels for children

Blood pressure levels are different for children than they are for adults. Children’s blood pressure targets are determined by several factors, like their age, sex, and height.

Talk with your child’s pediatrician if you’re concerned about their blood pressure. The pediatrician can walk you through the charts and help you understand your child’s blood pressure.

There are a few ways to check your blood pressure. For example, your doctor can check your blood pressure in their office. Many pharmacies also offer free blood pressure monitoring stations.

You can also check it at home using home blood pressure monitors. These are available for purchase from pharmacies and medical supply stores.

The AHA recommends using an automatic home blood pressure monitor that measures blood pressure on your upper arm. Wrist or finger blood pressure monitors are also available but may not be as accurate.

When taking your blood pressure, make sure you take the following steps:

• Sit still, with your back straight, feet supported, and legs uncrossed.
• Keep your upper arm at heart level.
• Have the middle of the cuff rest directly above the elbow.
• Avoid exercise, caffeine, or smoking for 30 minutes before you take your blood pressure.

Unmanaged low or high blood pressure may cause serious complications.

If your blood pressure’s low

Low blood pressure may cause:

• dizziness
• fainting
• injury from falls
• heart damage
• brain damage
• other organ damage

If your blood pressure’s high

High blood pressure is much more common than low blood pressure.

It’s hard to know when your blood pressure is high unless you’re monitoring it since high blood pressure doesn’t cause symptoms until you’re in hypertensive crisis. A hypertensive crisis requires emergency medical care.

Left unmanaged, high blood pressure may cause:

• stroke
• heart attack
• aortic dissection
• aneurysm
• metabolic syndrome
• kidney damage or malfunction
• vision loss
• memory problems
• fluid in the lungs

Lifestyle changes can help prevent high blood pressure. Try the following tips.

Tips to prevent high blood pressure

• Eat a heart-healthy diet that includes plenty of fruits and vegetables, whole grains, healthy fats, and low fat protein.
• Reduce your sodium consumption. The AHA recommends keeping your sodium intake below 2,300 milligrams (mg), with ideally no more than 1,500 mg per day.
• Watch your portions to help you maintain a moderate weight.
• Consider quitting smoking, if you smoke.
• Exercise regularly. Start slowly and work your way up to 30 minutes of exercise most days.
• Practice stress-relief techniques, like meditation, yoga, and visualization. Chronic stress or very stressful events can send blood pressure soaring, so managing your stress may help manage your blood pressure.

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People with chronic, untreated high blood pressure are more likely to develop a life threatening condition.

If you have low blood pressure, your outlook depends on its cause. If it’s caused by an untreated underlying condition, your symptoms may escalate.

You can reduce your risk of serious complications by managing your low or high blood pressure. This can involve lifestyle changes and prescribed medications. Talk with a doctor to find the best treatment for you.

Read this article in Spanish.

92/58 blood pressure – is it good or bad?

Home > Resources > Blood pressure lookup > 92/58

Maintaining a healthy blood pressure throughout your life is one of the most important things you can do for long-term health and longevity. Whether you’re looking up a blood pressure of 92/58 for yourself or a loved one or simply out of your own curiosity, you’re taking the right steps by being informed and empowering yourself or someone else to be their own best advocate.

According to the American Heart Association, a blood pressure reading of 92/58 would be considered
hypotension, or low blood pressure. Low blood pressure, or hypotension, is defined by a systolic reading (the top number) of less than 90 or a diastolic reading (the bottom number) of less than 60. Low blood pressure generally isn’t considered an issue unless it causes symptoms (such as dizziness, light-headedness, or fainting) or unless it drops suddenly.

Okay, now you know how to classify a blood pressure of 92/58, but now what do you do with that information? Read on to learn more or look up another blood pressure reading.

What is a good blood pressure reading?

According to the American Heart Association, a normal blood pressure reading is lower than 120/80. While there is no specific number for low blood pressure, most experts say blood pressure is too low when it causes symptoms or drops suddenly. In general, though, low blood pressure can be considered anything under 90/60.

More information about a blood pressure reading of 92/58

A blood pressure reading of 92/58 is pronounced “92 over 58.” You may also see it written colloquially as 92/58 bp.

In a blood pressure reading of 92/58, 92 is called the systolic number and 58 is called the diastolic number. Systolic refers to the part of the cardiac cycle in which the heart contracts and pumps blood from the chambers into the arteries, and diastolic refers to the part of the cardiac cycle in which the heart relaxes and allows the chambers to fill with blood. You may also hear the systolic and diastolic numbers referred to as the top number and the bottom number.

Systolic and diastolic readings are measured in mmHg, which is a unit of pressure equal to the pressure that can support a column of mercury 1 millimeter high. Hg is the chemical symbol for mercury. For a blood pressure reading of 92/58, you would pronounce it “92 over 58 millimeters of mercury.”

How do you measure blood pressure?

In a doctor’s office, blood pressure is traditionally taken manually by a doctor or nurse with a sphygmomanometer. A sphygmomanometer is a medical instrument with an inflatable cuff and pressure meter or dial. The sphygmomanometer is placed snugly around the upper arm and is inflated by hand, and the doctor or nurse listens to the brachial artery with a stethoscope as they gradually reduce the pressure of the cuff. When the whooshing sound of blood is first heard through the stethoscope, the doctor or nurse makes note of the reading on the pressure meter. This indicates the systolic blood pressure reading. When the sound disappears, the reading on the pressure meter indicates the diastolic pressure reading.

Blood pressure can also be taken at home using a number of a digital devices. They typically consist of an inflatable cuff and digital display and simply work by placing the cuff around the upper arm and pressing a button, after which the cuff inflatess, deflates, and displays a reading. The most popular blood pressure machines for home use are made by Omron, Beurer, and Paramed, amongst many others.

One thing to keep in mind is that blood pressure can vary by time of day and activity level, so if you’re taking it at home it’s important to check it around the same time each day and rest for a few minutes ahead of time to limit as many variables as possible. It can also be affected by eating.

Blood pressure tends to rise in the hours before waking and then drop in the afternoon and evening before dropping to its lowest point while sleeping, so one popular recommendation is to check it just after waking up and just before bed to identify trends in how it varies from morning until night. Because of this, you might find that if your blood pressure is 92/58 in the morning, it might be lower before bed, and vice versa. Of course, these are just general rules of thumb and may vary by the individual.

Relevant HSA expenses

If you have an HSA as part of your health insurance plan, you’ll be pleased to find that blood pressure monitors, blood pressure cuffs, and wrist blood pressure monitors are all eligible, including smart blood pressure monitors like the offerings from Qardio and Withings.

How the heck do you pronounce sphygmomanometer?

Sphygmomanometer is pronounced sfig-moh-muh-‘nah-mi-ter. Easy!

Explore blood pressure readings similar to 92/58

The following table shows related blood pressure readings because sometimes just one number can make all the difference.

Please note that if a field is blank, it’s not an accident—it simply means a record doesn’t exist for that particular blood pressure. This could be because going forward or backward would create a blood pressure reading that wouldn’t make sense, or because that blood pressure simply doesn’t exist in our records.

Sources

• Understanding blood pressure readings – American Heart Association
• High blood pressure – Mayo Clinic
• Get the most out of home blood pressure monitoring – Mayo Clinic
• Blood pressure – Wikipedia
• How to pronounce sphygmomanometer – Dictionary. com

Disclaimer

The information on this page is intended to be an educational reference and is not to be taken as medical advice. If you think you’re having a hypertensive or hypotensive emergency, or if you’re having any kind of medical emergency, please call 911 immediately.

Invisible disease. Childhood and juvenile hypertension

17 December 2018 09:12

Views: 178925

My son had an exam yesterday. And another day later. Of course, both he and I have stress and insomnia. I measured my blood pressure and him at the same time. One hundred and forty ninety. What is this? Arterial hypertension at the age of 17?! Well, okay I have. And he has! .. The son says that he does not feel anything, everything is fine. Maybe it accidentally jumped and will pass tomorrow? And if not?..

About what arterial hypertension is in adolescents and young people, we asked a pediatric cardiologist, deputy chief physician for the medical department of the Arkhangelsk Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital. P.G. Vyzhletsov Svetlana Nazarenko.

– Svetlana Yuryevna, recently they say that arterial hypertension has become younger and is often found in adolescents and young people.

– Rejuvenated. The number of cases of hypertension is increasing not only in adults, but also in children, especially in adolescents and young men of military age.

– What is the reason?

– First, more attention has been paid to measuring blood pressure. Previously, they thought: what kind of pressure do children have there ?! Today, the standards for the treatment of absolutely all diseases require daily measurement of blood pressure in hospitals, regardless of what we are treating and age. The examination standards in the polyclinic also include the measurement of pressure for each child from the first days of life.

– And secondly?

– Blood pressure depends on the activity of the heart, on the tone of the arteries and can change under the influence of physical exertion, emotions, diseases. Emotional stress, increased study load can cause an increase in pressure. So, for example, in physical and mathematical schools the percentage of children with high blood pressure is 2 – 3 times higher than in ordinary schools.

At a young age, the cause of arterial hypertension is most often a high level of work of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system. The desire to do everything, the thirst for competition, a sense of lack of time, aggressiveness, purposefulness, the need to be a leader, a high degree of control over behavior in situations are qualities inherent in people with hyperactivity of the sympathetic nervous system. It’s probably great if young people strive to get the most out of life, but there is a downside to the coin – these are the mechanisms that trigger an increase in blood pressure.

The development of hypertension also contributes to the low physical activity of children who lead a sedentary, sedentary lifestyle, who are overweight. And if it is still customary in the family to constantly add salt and even salt food … then all the risk factors for hypertension are evident.

– And then a lifelong diagnosis?..

– In an adolescent, an increase in blood pressure does not always mean stable hypertension, which will remain with him for life. Although there are studies that say: if an increase in blood pressure is recorded at the age of 13 one-time or constantly, then the likelihood of developing arterial hypertension by the age of 35 in a person increases by 9once. That is, its mechanisms are launched early.

– Are there any features of hypertension in children? What is “juvenile hypertension”?

– If we see an increase in blood pressure a year, at five years old (I’m not talking about newborns) – this is not at all the same hypertension as in adults. Up to 10 – 11 years in children, hypertension is only symptomatic (secondary), that is, you need to look for the disease that causes it. For example, the cause may be malformations of the heart or renal vessels, kidney disease. The child must be examined.

Juvenile hypertension refers to the age period after 10 – 12 years, regardless of gender. At this time, all the causes of secondary hypertension have usually already been identified, and children who come to us with high blood pressure have just the same primary hypertension that occurs in adults.

– Can a child’s complaints “Mom, I have a headache” portend hypertension?

– Very rarely, arterial hypertension can cause headache – it is not typical for this disease. Of course, if this is not a hypertensive crisis, when a sharp rise in pressure causes a headache. According to the symptoms, hypertension is an invisible disease, which is most often detected by chance, for example, when measuring blood pressure during a doctor’s examination. An increase in pressure is rarely accompanied by complaints, children usually feel well.

– What about “white coat hypertension”?

– There is a lot of “cabinet” hypertension, the so-called “white coat hypertension”, as a certain reaction to stress due to the tension of the same sympathetic nervous system. Approximately 30% of adolescents and young people have a reaction to stress at the moment when blood pressure is measured … Then everything passes.

– Do you have any specific complaints about this invisible illness?

– Nothing special. Arterial hypertension, I repeat, is detected by chance, for example, in the military registration and enlistment office, in the hospital, where the child was admitted with an injury. Complaints are more frequent if hypertension is accompanied by vegetative-vascular dystonia, with which a teenager comes to the doctor. That’s when there are a lot of complaints: weakness, lethargy, sweating, motion sickness in transport … Vegetative-vascular dystonia is a dysfunction between the control structures of the brain and, in most cases, disappears as a functional disorder. Although it may linger if there is a predisposition, especially on the part of the mother. Of all childhood periods, vegetative-vascular dystonia is most typical for adolescents.

– There are diseases that are inherited from parents …

– There is no gene responsible for arterial hypertension. It is not genetically transmitted, but if hypertension began early in the parents, then the child can be attributed to a risk group with a family predisposition.

– How is the diagnosis made?

– It is impossible to make a diagnosis at one appointment, the pressure itself is very labile. This is not the level of hemoglobin – they took an analysis, saw anemia, prescribed treatment. At the doctor’s appointment, the pressure is measured three times, an average value of 9 is taken0044 . Then measured after two weeks. To exclude “white coat hypertension”, 24-hour monitoring of pressure at home is prescribed. Then the device is installed for a day, and the child leads a normal life. Then the fundus of the eye, the heart are checked, an ECG is taken. It is very important to have a blood pressure monitor and a properly selected cuff for measuring pressure at home. There are three sizes: for infants, preschoolers, schoolchildren and adults. If there is no suitable cuff, then it is better to measure the pressure at the doctor’s office.

– How is childhood and juvenile hypertension treated?

– In pediatrics, there are big problems in the treatment of arterial hypertension. There are very few clinical studies in the pediatric population. Recommendations for the treatment of hypertension in children are based on adult recommendations. In the instructions for new drugs, in 95% of cases it says “the safety of use under 18 years of age has not been established”, that is, the doctor is fully responsible for prescribing. It will take time for the drugs to become sufficiently researched and migrated to pediatrics. Therefore, we have a larger percentage of not only obsolete, but already proven and long-used drugs. The second problem is that there are no children’s forms of drug release. And third, there is no scientific evidence on how early treatment of arterial hypertension with medicines will affect the future health of a small patient. After all, a person grows, blood vessels grow and develop, the heart grows.

– Where does the prevention of arterial hypertension in children begin? What can replace drugs?

– We need to move! Swimming, hiking, skiing. With hypertension, a static load is harmful: muscle pumping, jumping, wrestling. It is important to alternate mental and physical activities during the day: so that there is no long hours of sitting at the computer or watching TV. Children over 5 years of age should be given at least half an hour of moderate dynamic aerobic exercise and 30 minutes each day 3 – 4 days a week for intense exercise. What is moderate exercise? These are dancing at a fast pace, walking at a fast pace, playing volleyball or basketball …

We should not forget about such factors that provoke hypertension, such as stress, overweight, smoking. N.I. Amosov said: “To be healthy, you need your own efforts, constant and significant. There is nothing to replace them!”

The effectiveness of all these measures has been proven in numerous studies, so in most cases it is necessary to resort to drug therapy if lifestyle correction has not had an effect for several months.

Material: Elena Antropova

Material source : magazine “Your Health Formula” No. 38.

http://zdorovie29.ru/healthy-life-style/bolezn-nevidimka-detskaya-i-yunosheskaya-gipertoniya/

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NATO Secretary General praised Russian defense

06/20/2023 at 16:58

Policy

Plot: DNR, LNR, Ukraine: escalation

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Photo: Global Look Press

NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg said that during the counteroffensive, the Armed Forces of Ukraine collided with the well-prepared defense of the Russian Federation. It is reported by TASS.

According to Stoltenberg, the Russian army was able to establish well-prepared defensive lines with minefields and trenches.

In addition, the head of NATO noted that in addition to the resistance of the Russian Armed Forces, heavy rain and other difficult weather conditions prevent Ukrainian militants.

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Authors:

• Evgeny Medvedev

NATO
Army
Russia
Ukraine

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