How is total body surface area determined for burn injuries. What are the key anatomical differences in burn assessment between adults and children. How does obesity affect body surface area calculations for burns. What is the Parkland Formula and how is it used in burn treatment.

Understanding Total Body Surface Area (TBSA) in Burn Assessment

Accurately determining the total body surface area (TBSA) affected by burns is crucial for proper treatment and fluid resuscitation. The TBSA burn chart provides a standardized method for healthcare professionals to estimate the extent of burn injuries across different age groups and body types.

The Importance of TBSA in Burn Management

Why is TBSA so critical in burn care? TBSA calculations directly impact treatment decisions, including:

• Fluid resuscitation requirements
• Nutritional needs
• Wound care strategies
• Prognosis and mortality risk assessment

Accurate TBSA estimation ensures patients receive appropriate care tailored to the severity of their burns.

TBSA Burn Chart for Adults: Anatomical Breakdown

For adult patients, the body is divided into distinct anatomical regions, each representing a specific percentage of TBSA:

• Head (anterior and posterior): 9% total (4.5% each)
• Torso (anterior and posterior): 36% total (18% each)
• Arms (anterior and posterior): 18% total (4.5% each)
• Legs (anterior and posterior): 36% total (9% each)
• Genitalia/perineum: 1%

This standardized chart allows for quick and consistent TBSA estimation in emergency situations.

The Rule of Nines

The adult TBSA chart is often referred to as the “Rule of Nines” due to the prevalence of 9% and multiples of 9 in the breakdown. This mnemonic device aids in rapid assessment when detailed charts may not be immediately available.

Pediatric TBSA Considerations: Adjusting for Growth

Children’s body proportions differ significantly from adults, necessitating a modified TBSA chart:

• Head (anterior and posterior): 18% total (9% each)
• Torso (anterior and posterior): 36% total (18% each)
• Arms (anterior and posterior): 18% total (4.5% each)
• Legs (anterior and posterior): 27% total (6.75% each)
• Genitalia/perineum: 1%

Note the increased percentage allocated to the head and the corresponding decrease in leg surface area compared to adults. This reflects the proportionally larger head size in children.

Infant-Specific TBSA Chart

For infants (approximately 10kg), further adjustments are made:

• Head and neck: 20%
• Torso (anterior and posterior): 32% total (16% each)
• Arms: 16% total (8% each)
• Legs: 32% total (16% each)
• Genitalia/perineum: 1%

The significantly larger head proportion in infants is evident, emphasizing the importance of age-specific TBSA charts for accurate assessment.

Impact of Obesity on TBSA Calculations

Obesity alters body proportions, requiring adjustments to standard TBSA charts. For obese adults (approximately 80kg), the following modifications are made:

• Head and neck: 2% (reduced from 9%)
• Torso (anterior and posterior): 50% total (25% each, increased from 36%)
• Arms: 10% total (5% each, slightly increased)
• Legs: 40% total (20% each, slightly increased)
• Genitalia/perineum: 0% (typically negligible in obese patients)

These adjustments account for the disproportionate increase in torso surface area relative to limbs and head in obese individuals.

The Parkland Formula: Calculating Fluid Resuscitation

The Parkland Formula is a widely used method for determining intravenous fluid requirements in burn patients. How is it calculated?

Volume of IV fluid (mL) = 4 × patient weight (kg) × TBSA burned (%)

This calculated volume represents the total fluid requirement for the first 24 hours post-burn. Administration is typically divided as follows:

• First 8 hours: 50% of the total volume
• Next 16 hours: Remaining 50% of the volume

Pediatric Considerations for the Parkland Formula

When applying the Parkland Formula to pediatric patients:

• Use a weight-based assessment tool for accurate weight estimation
• Remember that TBSA percentages differ from adults
• The child’s palm (excluding fingers) represents approximately 1% TBSA

Burn Classification by Extent of Body Surface Involvement

The International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10-CM) provides a standardized system for categorizing burns based on TBSA. The main category is T31, with subcategories indicating increasing TBSA involvement:

• T31.0: Burns involving less than 10% of body surface
• T31.1: Burns involving 10-19% of body surface
• T31.2: Burns involving 20-29% of body surface
• T31.3: Burns involving 30-39% of body surface
• T31.4: Burns involving 40-49% of body surface
• T31.5: Burns involving 50-59% of body surface
• T31.6: Burns involving 60-69% of body surface

These codes are further subdivided to indicate the percentage of third-degree burns within the total TBSA affected.

Using ICD-10-CM Burn Codes

How should healthcare providers use these codes? The T31 category serves two primary purposes:

1. As a primary code when the burn site is unspecified
2. As a supplementary code to categories T20-T25 when the burn site is specified

This dual-coding approach allows for precise documentation of both burn location and extent.

Advanced Considerations in TBSA Assessment

While the standardized charts provide a solid foundation for TBSA estimation, several factors can influence accuracy:

The Lund and Browder Chart

The Lund and Browder chart offers a more detailed breakdown of body surface areas, accounting for age-related changes in body proportions. It is particularly useful for pediatric patients, providing more precise TBSA estimates as children grow.

Digital Imaging and 3D Scanning

Emerging technologies are enhancing TBSA assessment accuracy. Digital imaging systems and 3D body scanners can provide highly precise measurements of burn surface area, potentially improving upon traditional estimation methods.

Burn Depth Considerations

TBSA calculations typically focus on second and third-degree burns. However, accurately assessing burn depth can be challenging, especially in the early stages. Serial evaluations may be necessary to refine TBSA estimates as burn injuries evolve.

Fluid Resuscitation Protocols: Beyond the Parkland Formula

While the Parkland Formula is widely used, alternative fluid resuscitation protocols exist:

Modified Brooke Formula

This formula uses a lower fluid multiplier:

Volume of IV fluid (mL) = 2 × patient weight (kg) × TBSA burned (%)

The Modified Brooke Formula may be preferred in certain clinical scenarios to reduce the risk of over-resuscitation.

Goal-Directed Resuscitation

Modern burn care often employs goal-directed resuscitation, adjusting fluid administration based on real-time physiological parameters such as:

• Urine output
• Blood pressure
• Heart rate
• Serum lactate levels

This approach allows for more personalized fluid management, potentially improving outcomes.

Burn Care Considerations Beyond TBSA

While TBSA is a critical factor in burn management, several other considerations play vital roles in comprehensive burn care:

Inhalation Injuries

Inhalation injuries can significantly impact burn patient outcomes, even with relatively low TBSA involvement. Signs of inhalation injury include:

• Facial burns
• Singed nasal hair
• Carbonaceous sputum
• Hoarseness or stridor

Prompt recognition and management of inhalation injuries are crucial for patient survival.

Electrical and Chemical Burns

These specialized burn types may have systemic effects disproportionate to their apparent TBSA. Electrical burns can cause internal damage not visible on the skin surface, while chemical burns may require specific neutralization protocols.

Comorbidities and Age

Pre-existing medical conditions and advanced age can significantly impact burn patient prognosis and treatment strategies. Individualized care plans should account for these factors in addition to TBSA calculations.

In conclusion, the body surface area burn chart serves as a fundamental tool in burn assessment and management. By providing standardized TBSA estimates across different age groups and body types, it enables healthcare professionals to rapidly assess burn severity and initiate appropriate treatment protocols. However, it’s crucial to remember that TBSA is just one component of comprehensive burn care. Factors such as burn depth, inhalation injuries, and individual patient characteristics all play essential roles in determining the optimal approach to burn management.

Appendix VI – Burn and Burn Fluid Charts – CHEMS Field Treatment Guidelines

Table of Contents

A – Adults. B – Children

Percentage of Total Body Surface Area by Age, Anatomic Structure, and Body Habitus

Child
Anatomic Structure	Surface Area
Anterior head	9%
Posterior head	9%
Anterior torso	18%
Posterior torso	18%
Anterior leg, each	6. 75%
Posterior leg, each	6.75%
Anterior arm, each	4.5%
Posterior arm, each	4.5%
Genitalia/perineum	1%

Parkland Formula
For patients who require fluid resuscitation, consider use of the Parkland formula to calculate the volume of normal saline or lactated Ringer’s solution that should be administered intravenously to ensure hemodynamic stability.

Volume of Intravenous Fluid required in the first 24 hours (in mL) = (4 X patient weight in kg) X (Percentage of total body surface area burned)

The first half of the volume of fluid should be administered over the first 8 hours following the burn with the remaining fluid administered over the following 16 hours.

For pediatric patients, a weight-based assessment tool (length-based tape or other system) should be used to provide a more accurate estimate of the patient’s weight. Likewise, the total body surface area (BSA) estimates are different for pediatric patients compared to adults due to larger head and trunk size. For children, the palmar surface of the hand (not including the fingers is approximately equal to 1% BSA. The guidelines listed above will provide assistance during the estimation of the percentage of total body surface area burned for patients of various ages and body habitus.

Burn Injury IV Fluid Rates
Infusion Rate  Weight > 30 KG

Infusion Rate  Weight < 30 KG

Source: Used with permission, University of Utah Burn Center (https://crisisstandardsofcare.utah.edu).

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Burns classified according to extent of body surface involved

1. 
   ICD-10-CM Codes
   


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2. 
   S00-T88
   


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3. 
   T30-T32
   


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4. 
   Burns classified according to extent of body surface involved T31

Note

• This category is to be used as the primary code only when the site of the burn is unspecified. It should be used as a supplementary code with categories T20-T25

  ICD-10-CM Range T20-T25

  Burns and corrosions of external body surface, specified by siteIncludes

  • burns and corrosions of first degree [erythema]
  • burns and corrosions of second degree [blisters][epidermal loss]
  • burns and corrosions of third degree [deep necrosis of underlying tissue] [full- thickness skin loss]

  Use Additional

  • code from category T31 or T32 to identify extent of body surface involved
  • T20 Burn and corrosion of head, face, and ne…
  • T21 Burn and corrosion of trunk
  • T22 Burn and corrosion of shoulder and upper…
  • T23 Burn and corrosion of wrist and hand
  • T24 Burn and corrosion of lower limb, except…
  • T25 Burn and corrosion of ankle and foot

  when the site is specified.

Codes

• T31 Burns classified according to extent of body surface involved
  • T31.0 Burns involving less than 10% of body surface
  • T31. 1 Burns involving 10-19% of body surface
    • T31.10 …… with 0% to 9% third degree burns
    • T31.11 …… with 10-19% third degree burns
  • T31.2 Burns involving 20-29% of body surface
    • T31.20 …… with 0% to 9% third degree burns
    • T31.21 …… with 10-19% third degree burns
    • T31.22 …… with 20-29% third degree burns
  • T31.3 Burns involving 30-39% of body surface
    • T31.30 …… with 0% to 9% third degree burns
    • T31.31 …… with 10-19% third degree burns
    • T31.32 …… with 20-29% third degree burns
    • T31.33 …… with 30-39% third degree burns
  • T31.4 Burns involving 40-49% of body surface
    • T31.40 …… with 0% to 9% third degree burns
    • T31.41 …… with 10-19% third degree burns
    • T31.42 …… with 20-29% third degree burns
    • T31.43 …… with 30-39% third degree burns
    • T31.44 …… with 40-49% third degree burns
  • T31.5 Burns involving 50-59% of body surface
    • T31. 50 …… with 0% to 9% third degree burns
    • T31.51 …… with 10-19% third degree burns
    • T31.52 …… with 20-29% third degree burns
    • T31.53 …… with 30-39% third degree burns
    • T31.54 …… with 40-49% third degree burns
    • T31.55 …… with 50-59% third degree burns
  • T31.6 Burns involving 60-69% of body surface
    • T31.60 …… with 0% to 9% third degree burns
    • T31.61 …… with 10-19% third degree burns
    • T31.62 …… with 20-29% third degree burns
    • T31.63 …… with 30-39% third degree burns
    • T31.64 …… with 40-49% third degree burns
    • T31.65 …… with 50-59% third degree burns
    • T31.66 …… with 60-69% third degree burns
  • T31.7 Burns involving 70-79% of body surface
    • T31.70 …… with 0% to 9% third degree burns
    • T31.71 …… with 10-19% third degree burns
    • T31.72 …… with 20-29% third degree burns
    • T31.73 …… with 30-39% third degree burns
    • T31.74 …… with 40-49% third degree burns
    • T31. 75 …… with 50-59% third degree burns
    • T31.76 …… with 60-69% third degree burns
    • T31.77 …… with 70-79% third degree burns
  • T31.8 Burns involving 80-89% of body surface
    • T31.80 …… with 0% to 9% third degree burns
    • T31.81 …… with 10-19% third degree burns
    • T31.82 …… with 20-29% third degree burns
    • T31.83 …… with 30-39% third degree burns
    • T31.84 …… with 40-49% third degree burns
    • T31.85 …… with 50-59% third degree burns
    • T31.86 …… with 60-69% third degree burns
    • T31.87 …… with 70-79% third degree burns
    • T31.88 …… with 80-89% third degree burns
  • T31.9 Burns involving 90% or more of body surface
    • T31.90 …… with 0% to 9% third degree burns
    • T31.91 …… with 10-19% third degree burns
    • T31.92 …… with 20-29% third degree burns
    • T31.93 …… with 30-39% third degree burns
    • T31.94 …… with 40-49% third degree burns
    • T31.95 …… with 50-59% third degree burns
    • T31. 96 …… with 60-69% third degree burns
    • T31.97 …… with 70-79% third degree burns
    • T31.98 …… with 80-89% third degree burns
    • T31.99 …… with 90% or more third degree burns

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For residents of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic added the possibility of another way to independently make an appointment with a doctor through the Telegram messenger .

Telegram has implemented the @MedicineOnlineBot chatbot to make an appointment with medical institutions and call a doctor at home. In the process of making an appointment, users can view a list of specialists of a medical organization, their work schedule. Recording for in-depth medical examination is also available for patients who have undergone COVID-19. Making an appointment and calling a doctor at home are carried out in several steps, user data (call address, contact information) is stored in the database to reduce the amount of information for repeated entries.

at the Consultative and Diagnostic Center of the Republican Children’s Multidisciplinary Hospital (at the address: Cherkessk, Griboyedova St., 81), children will be consulted by specialists (cardiac surgeon, arrhythmologist,) . Moscow.

Pre-registration is carried out by calling the reception:

8(8782) 25-01-27

April 20-21-22, 2023. in the Consultative and Diagnostic Center of the Republican Children’s Multidisciplinary Hospital (at the address: Cherkessk, Griboedov St., 81), children will be consulted by specialists from the Research Institute named after. G.N. Turner, St. Petersburg.

Specialists of the federal center:

Maxillofacial surgeon: Stepanova Yu.V.

Dear parents!

Children’s polyclinic in Cherkessk

received a vaccine against a new coronavirus infection Gam-Covid-VAK-M for vaccination of children from 12 to 18 years old. Registration for vaccination by phone: 250105. You can also contact the children’s clinic for vaccination. Vaccination is carried out after examining the child with thermometry and the informed written consent of the parent (guardian), or the child himself, who has reached the age of 15 years.

Chief freelance pediatrician of the Ministry of Health of Russia Alexander Baranov: If a child falls ill but goes to school, he will not be able to study normally, and he will infect others

— We are again in a whirlwind of infections, primarily respiratory infections. They strike thousands of our compatriots every day. Children are especially vulnerable,” he said.

❕If a child starts sneezing, coughing, complains of feeling unwell, sore throat, you should not take him to school, it is better to stay at home so as not to infect other children and cope with the disease faster.

Very often parents send their children to school even if they have a temperature, even if it is small, because they are afraid to miss classes – the school program is very busy. If a child gets sick, but goes to school, he himself will not be able to study normally, and he will infect others. in children with respiratory infections, cognitive abilities deteriorate, especially cognitive functions decrease with a cold.

— I would like to appeal to the common sense of moms and dads. But it’s better to skip 2-3 days and treat an incipient cough or a reddened throat than to get seriously ill and, possibly, face complications after the illness, – said the chief freelance pediatrician of the Russian Ministry of Health.

❌ It’s easier to send the child to school;
⭕️ It is wiser to stay at home, help you recover faster and return to learning.

If your family has not yet been vaccinated against influenza and pneumococcal disease, doctors advise getting vaccinated. This will help to avoid many health and learning problems.

Round-the-clock “Hotline” for receiving citizens’ appeals on all issues of medical care by phone: 8 (8782) 20-23-93 department with a department of emergency advisory medical care and medical evacuation (air ambulance): 8 (8782) 20-29-66; 20-35-81

Already today you can get an electronic prescription at the appointment of your doctor in RSBLPU “RDMB”. Install the My Prescription app by downloading it from the App Store, Google Play or the My-prescription.rf website. With the app, you can store all prescriptions, select medicines by active ingredient, information about availability and current prices in pharmacies of the city.

To buy a medicine at a pharmacy, you just need to show the QR code to the pharmacist. You can also add a profile of a relative or child in the My Prescription application through authorization on the Public Services. An electronic prescription is now more than just a prescription!

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For feedback please contact by e-mail
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we ask you to inform the head physician of our institution, Laipanova Tamara Akhmatovna, about this
(with the exact indication of the full name of the doctor and types of studies) by e-mail. mail [email protected]
or by phone

RSBLPU “Republican Children’s Multidisciplinary Hospital” has 3 actual addresses:

Hospital – Cherkessk, st. Griboedova 77a

Polyclinic – Cherkessk, st. Krasnoarmeyskaya 68. – Umar-Aliyeva 12A.

Teenage department – Cherkessk, st. Gagarina 24

do’s and don’ts, types and degrees of burns

Content:

• What is a burn

• Burn degrees

• First aid for burns

• Types of burns and features of first aid

  1. Steamboiling water

  2. Oil painting

  3. Sunbeams

  4. chemicals

  5. electricity

  6. hogweed

  7. iron, hot object

• What not to do when getting burns

• What burns and how can be treated at home

• How to relieve pain from a burn

• In what cases you need to seek medical help

• Burn Treatment Methods

  1. medical devices

  2. Pharmacy means

  3. folk recipes

• How long will it take to live

What is a burn

A burn is an injury to the body resulting from exposure to heat, chemicals, electric current, or radiation. With such an injury, the skin and tissues under it are damaged and destroyed. Injuries occur at home and at work, so it does not hurt everyone to know about the rules for first aid for burns before the arrival of doctors. It is important to quickly navigate and know which remedies can be used for burns, and which are unacceptable. The right actions will slow down the destructive process, which will speed up the healing process.

Burn degrees

The choice of what to do for a burn will depend on the extent of the injury. There are four degrees of severity of burns:

• I degree – superficial damage to the epidermis and dermis;
• II degree – borderline burns, when the skin is deeply affected, but the sebaceous and sweat glands, hair follicles are not damaged;
• III degree – deep lesions with complete skin lesions (necrosis), often with spread to subcutaneous fatty tissue, muscle and bone tissue;
• IV degree – necrosis of the skin, muscles and tendons, down to the bones. Destroyed tissue melts and is gradually torn away over several weeks. The healing process is very long.

The following table shows the correlation of the classification of burn degrees according to ICD-10 with the classification of the XXVII Congress of Surgeons of the USSR in 1960.

The severity of a burn wound is characterized by its depth and area. The first depends on the duration and temperature of the aggressive impact, as well as the timeliness of providing assistance to the victim.

When a person with severe burns is admitted to the hospital, doctors evaluate the damaged area according to the “Rule of nines”, dividing the body into zones, each of which is equal to 9 in percentage terms, respectively:

• head and neck -9%;
• each hand – 9%;
• each leg – 18%;
• front + back torso – 36%;
• and the perineum accounts for the remaining 1%.

First aid for burns

First aid for burns to a person must be provided as soon as possible, already at the scene. First of all, it is important to stop the action of an aggressive agent, if possible, remove clothing and jewelry from the affected area. It is strictly not allowed to remove and pierce blisters, forcibly separate foreign bodies adhering to the skin (splashes of molten metal and plastic, fragments of clothing, etc. ).

During the first 10-15 minutes, cool the damaged skin with running cold water. This will prevent the burn from deepening. In addition, cooling reduces pain and swelling. The victim is given an anesthetic and an antihistamine. Before the arrival of emergency help, he needs to drink non-carbonated mineral water or ordinary, with 1 tsp previously dissolved in it. salt and 0.5 tsp. soda per 1 liter of water.

Types of burns and first aid

Depending on what caused the burn, the steps to provide first aid for burns will differ.

Boiling water steamer

With a small but deep injury, you need to place the burned area under running cold water for 10 minutes and call a doctor. Do not use ointments or other external agents.

Oiled

Usually these are small but deep burns (I-II degrees). Cool the damaged area under a tap with cold water, wait for the doctor to determine the depth and extent of the lesion. There is no need to treat burns of this type.

Sunlight

These are usually 1st degree burns, very rarely 2nd degree burns. Act similarly to the first two points: cool with water for 10 minutes, drink an antihistamine to avoid swelling and painkillers. Do not use ointments and traditional methods of treatment.

Chemicals

Remove the chemical agent from the skin, remove interfering clothing. Rinse under tap for 10 minutes. It is not recommended to wipe with wet wipes, it is forbidden to use ointments and homemade recipes without consulting a doctor. Currently, antidotes are not used to treat such burns.

Electricity

Traces remain at the points of entry and exit of electric current from the body. The burns are small but very deep. First, the current source is de-energized, then immediately turn to a specialist. Damage cannot be repaired.

Hogweed

A plant with caustic sap causes burns of the first or second degree, resembling damage from chemicals. The juice of the plant should be removed from the skin, rinsed under a tap, do not smear the injury site with anything and consult a doctor.

Iron, hot object

Usually these are thermal burns of the II-IV degree. Place the damaged area under running cold water for 10 minutes, apply a dry bandage. It is forbidden to apply ointments, apply ice, use folk remedies.

In each of the above cases, it is recommended as an effective first aid to apply a Branolind dressing to the burn site, and on top of it – a Medicomp non-woven napkin, followed by fixation with a Peha-haft bandage.

Definitely not to do if you get burned

Trying to provide first aid for a burn, out of ignorance, some aggravate the nature of the damage and harm the victim. Doctors strongly advise against doing the following:

• smear the damaged area with fat, as the resulting film will not allow the wound to cool;
• remove clothing stuck to the burn;
• treat the wound with baking soda or vinegar;
• lubricate the burned area with iodine, brilliant green, alcohol-containing compounds;
• apply ice as this will cause vasoconstriction and impair blood flow;
• apply ointments from burns before cooling tissues;
• puncture blisters that form;
• dress the wound with plaster;
• give the victim alcoholic drinks, strong coffee and tea.

What kind of burns and how can be treated at home

Burns of any degree are treated only by a doctor! At home, it is only allowed to provide first aid for first-degree skin burns. We are talking about situations where the area of ​​the wound is not more than 5 percent, while the genitals and head are not affected.

If you list all the procedures briefly, first aid for burns at home consists of the following steps:

1. Cooling the damaged area with water.
2. Branolind dressing.
3. Over the dressing, the imposition of a non-woven cloth Medicomp.
4. Fixation of the lesion site with Peha-Haft bandage.

It should be remembered that only a doctor can determine the severity of the lesion and say exactly how to treat burns at home. If necessary, the victim is hospitalized.

How to relieve the pain of a burn

Since no one is safe from the danger of getting burned, it is necessary to clearly understand what to do with a burn and what first aid to provide. Actions to provide first aid will depend on the causes of the burn.

As a first aid for burns that cause severe pain, you can give him a painkiller tablet to alleviate the suffering of the patient. For minor injuries, accompanied only by reddening of the skin or the formation of small transparent bubbles no larger than 5 cm in diameter, it is recommended to cool the injured area by placing it under running cold water for 10 minutes to prevent damage to deeper tissues. After cooling the affected tissues, the necessary first aid should be provided by treating the burn site with a special agent. It is also advisable to consult a general practitioner to get professional advice on treatment methods that contribute to the rapid healing of the burn.

In more severe cases, medical help should be sought as soon as possible, since delay is fraught with serious complications for the body, up to a threat to the life of the victim.

When to seek medical help

Immediate treatment for first aid for burns is required in the following cases:

• a child or an elderly person has been injured;
• for burns of the face, respiratory tract, inguinal region;
• first-degree burns, if the affected area is large enough – more than 10% of the body;
• with the second degree of damage, if the injured area occupies about 1% of the body surface;
• third and fourth degree burns;
• for burns that have a chemical or electrical cause;
• if it is impossible to relieve pain;
• when the wound is contaminated with earth;
• in any case if the patient has lost consciousness;
• with fever and general malaise.

For the treatment of severe burns of severe degrees, the victim should be placed in the burn unit. It is necessary to stop the pain shock in a short time and prevent the occurrence of complications.

First of all, it must be remembered that even mild burns can be deadly if a large surface area of ​​​​the body is affected.

Burn treatments

Medical devices

Medical care in the treatment of burns is aimed at restoring the affected tissues. In order to relieve pain and speed up the regeneration process, special tools are used. It should be remembered that when providing first aid for a burn, it is important for the victim to thoroughly disinfect their hands first. To do this, you can use the antiseptic for hands “Sterillum”.

After that, the burn site should be covered with a wound-healing antiseptic dressing “Branolind N” with Peruvian balsam. It has a large-celled structure, into which the discharge from the wound is well absorbed, and Peruvian balm will accelerate healing. The bandage can be on the wound for up to three days, which means that the dressings will not cause much concern to the victim. For reliable and careful fixation of the dressing on the wound, a sterile plaster with a soft absorbent vapor-permeable pad “Cosmopor E” is used. It is attached to the body thanks to hypoallergenic glue and reliably protects the injury site from pollution and mechanical stress.

To provide first aid for burns in case of minor injuries, the bandage can also be fixed with a transparent adhesive bandage “Hydrofilm plus”. Its absorbent pad does not stick to the wound. The transparent polyurethane film has water-repellent properties, which means that the bandage will not peel off even during a shower.

To fix the absorbent bandage in the area of ​​the joint or on other rounded parts of the body, a self-locking bandage “Peha-Haft” is used. It does not hinder movement, it is firmly held on the body. Only 1.5-2 turns of the bandage are enough to fix the bandage. The dressing does not stick to the skin and hair, completely hypoallergenic (latex-free). When fixing with a bandage: Branolind N is applied to the wound from above with a sterile absorbent dressing (Medicomp) and then fixed with a Peha-Haft bandage.

Pharmacy products

If the means described above are not at hand, the question arises: how to treat a burn at home? To provide first aid for burns, you can use the tools that are almost always in the home first aid kit: sterile wipes (“Medicomp”), diluted to a concentration of less than 1% with hydrogen peroxide, furacilin, miramistin. A gauze pad can be soaked with hydrogen peroxide solution, which is applied to the wound for a short time. Furacilin has disinfecting properties and can be used to cleanse the wound before applying the anti-burn agent. Be sure to check with your doctor before using any remedy.

Folk recipes

There is an opinion that first-degree burns do not require any treatment, and to treat the affected area, you can use improvised means, for example, treat the skin with oil and sour cream.