What are the common causes of swollen lymph nodes. How are swollen lymph nodes diagnosed. What treatment options are available for swollen lymph nodes. When should you seek medical attention for swollen lymph nodes. How can you manage swollen lymph nodes at home.

Understanding Lymph Nodes and Their Function

Lymph nodes play a crucial role in our body’s immune system. These small, bean-shaped glands are strategically located throughout the body, forming an intricate network known as the lymphatic system. But what exactly do lymph nodes do?

Lymph nodes act as filters, trapping harmful substances like bacteria, viruses, and even cancer cells. They contain immune cells called lymphocytes that help fight off infections and diseases. When your body is combating an illness, lymph nodes can swell as they work overtime to protect you.

• Lymph nodes are found in clusters in areas like the neck, armpits, and groin
• They are part of the lymphatic system, along with the spleen, tonsils, and adenoids
• Swollen lymph nodes are often a sign that your body is fighting an infection or illness

Common Symptoms of Swollen Lymph Nodes

Recognizing the symptoms of swollen lymph nodes is essential for early detection and proper care. While the swelling itself is the primary indicator, there are other signs to watch for:

• Tenderness or pain when touching the affected area
• Visible swelling, often described as “pea-sized” or larger
• Redness or warmth in the skin surrounding the lymph nodes
• Difficulty moving a part of your body, such as your neck, if nearby lymph nodes are swollen

Are swollen lymph nodes always painful? Not necessarily. In some cases, they may be painless but still noticeable as small, firm lumps under the skin.

Associated Symptoms

Swollen lymph nodes often occur alongside other symptoms, depending on the underlying cause. These may include:

• Fever
• Fatigue
• Runny nose or sore throat (in cases of upper respiratory infections)
• Night sweats
• Unexplained weight loss (in more serious conditions)

Potential Causes of Lymph Node Swelling

Swollen lymph nodes can be triggered by various factors, ranging from common infections to more serious conditions. Understanding these potential causes can help you better assess your situation and determine when to seek medical attention.

Common Causes

In most cases, swollen lymph nodes are the result of relatively benign conditions that can be easily treated:

• Viral infections (e.g., common cold, flu)
• Bacterial infections (e.g., strep throat, ear infections)
• Dental infections or abscesses
• Skin infections

Less Common but Serious Causes

While rare, swollen lymph nodes can sometimes indicate more severe health issues:

• Tuberculosis
• Lyme disease
• Autoimmune disorders (e.g., lupus, rheumatoid arthritis)
• HIV/AIDS
• Certain types of cancer (e.g., lymphoma, leukemia)

Can stress cause swollen lymph nodes? While stress itself doesn’t directly cause lymph node swelling, it can weaken your immune system, making you more susceptible to infections that may lead to swollen lymph nodes.

When to Seek Medical Attention for Swollen Lymph Nodes

While most cases of swollen lymph nodes resolve on their own, certain symptoms warrant immediate medical attention. Be alert for the following red flags:

• Sudden and severe swelling
• Lymph nodes that are hard, immovable, or significantly larger than usual
• Persistent swelling lasting more than 2-4 weeks in adults or 5 days in children
• Accompanying symptoms like unexplained weight loss, persistent fever, or night sweats
• Redness, warmth, or pus around the swollen area
• Swelling in the groin or arm

Should you panic if you find a swollen lymph node? No, in most cases, there’s no need for immediate alarm. However, if you notice any of the above symptoms or have concerns, it’s always best to consult with a healthcare professional for proper evaluation.

Diagnostic Approaches for Swollen Lymph Nodes

When you visit a doctor for swollen lymph nodes, they will employ various diagnostic techniques to determine the underlying cause. This process typically begins with a thorough medical history and physical examination.

Initial Assessment

Your doctor will likely start by asking about your symptoms, their duration, and any other health issues you may be experiencing. They will then perform a physical examination, paying close attention to the location, size, and texture of the swollen lymph nodes.

Diagnostic Tests

Depending on the initial findings, your doctor may recommend one or more of the following diagnostic tests:

• Blood tests: To check for signs of infection or other abnormalities
• Imaging studies: X-rays, ultrasounds, CT scans, or MRIs may be used to get a detailed view of the affected area
• Biopsy: In some cases, a small sample of lymph node tissue may be removed for microscopic examination
• PET scan: This advanced imaging technique can help identify areas of increased cellular activity, which may indicate cancer or infection

How long does it take to diagnose the cause of swollen lymph nodes? The timeline can vary depending on the complexity of your case and the tests required. Some causes may be identified quickly through blood tests or physical examination, while others may require more extensive testing.

Treatment Options for Swollen Lymph Nodes

The treatment for swollen lymph nodes largely depends on the underlying cause. In many cases, the swelling will subside on its own as your body fights off the infection or illness. However, there are various treatment approaches available for different scenarios.

Home Remedies and Self-Care

For mild cases of swollen lymph nodes, several home remedies can help alleviate discomfort:

• Applying warm compresses to the affected area
• Getting plenty of rest to support your immune system
• Using over-the-counter pain relievers like acetaminophen or ibuprofen
• Staying hydrated to help flush out toxins

Medical Treatments

If the swelling is caused by a more serious condition or persists for an extended period, your doctor may recommend:

• Antibiotics for bacterial infections
• Antiviral medications for certain viral infections
• Anti-inflammatory drugs for autoimmune disorders
• Targeted therapies for specific conditions like cancer or HIV/AIDS

In rare cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to remove severely affected lymph nodes or address underlying issues.

How quickly do swollen lymph nodes respond to treatment? The timeline for improvement can vary greatly depending on the cause and the type of treatment. Some infections may resolve within a week or two, while more complex conditions may require longer-term management.

Prevention and Long-Term Management of Lymph Node Health

While it’s not always possible to prevent swollen lymph nodes, there are steps you can take to maintain overall lymphatic health and reduce your risk of infections that may lead to swelling.

Lifestyle Factors

Adopting healthy habits can support your immune system and lymphatic function:

• Maintaining a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains
• Staying physically active to promote lymph circulation
• Getting adequate sleep to support immune function
• Managing stress through relaxation techniques or meditation
• Practicing good hygiene to prevent infections

Regular Check-ups

Scheduling routine medical check-ups can help catch any potential issues early. During these visits, your doctor can:

• Perform physical examinations to check for any unusual swelling
• Address any concerns you may have about your lymphatic health
• Recommend appropriate screenings based on your age and risk factors

Can you strengthen your lymphatic system? While you can’t directly “strengthen” your lymphatic system, you can support its function through healthy lifestyle choices and proper self-care.

Debunking Common Myths About Swollen Lymph Nodes

There are several misconceptions surrounding swollen lymph nodes that can lead to unnecessary worry or inappropriate self-treatment. Let’s address some of these myths:

Myth 1: All Swollen Lymph Nodes Are a Sign of Cancer

While certain cancers can cause lymph node swelling, the vast majority of cases are due to common infections or inflammations. It’s important not to jump to conclusions and instead consult with a healthcare professional for proper evaluation.

Myth 2: You Should Always Massage Swollen Lymph Nodes

Contrary to popular belief, massaging swollen lymph nodes is not always beneficial and can sometimes be harmful. In cases of infection, massage may spread the infection to surrounding tissues. Always consult with your doctor before attempting any self-treatment.

Myth 3: Swollen Lymph Nodes Always Require Antibiotics

Since many cases of swollen lymph nodes are caused by viral infections, antibiotics are often not necessary or effective. Overuse of antibiotics can lead to antibiotic resistance, so they should only be used when prescribed by a healthcare provider for bacterial infections.

How can you distinguish between harmless and potentially serious swollen lymph nodes? While it’s difficult to determine the cause without medical evaluation, factors like duration of swelling, accompanying symptoms, and the characteristics of the lymph nodes (size, texture, mobility) can provide clues. When in doubt, it’s always best to seek professional medical advice.

The Role of Lymph Nodes in Overall Health and Immunity

Understanding the importance of lymph nodes in your body’s defense system can help you appreciate the need for proper care and attention to these small but crucial organs.

Lymph Nodes as Immune System Sentinels

Lymph nodes serve as strategic checkpoints throughout your body, monitoring the lymph fluid for potential threats. They contain various types of immune cells that can:

• Identify and trap harmful pathogens
• Initiate immune responses to fight off infections
• Store memory cells to provide faster responses to future infections
• Filter out cellular debris and foreign particles from the lymph fluid

The Lymphatic System’s Connection to Overall Health

The lymphatic system, of which lymph nodes are a part, plays a crucial role in maintaining your body’s fluid balance, absorbing fats from the digestive system, and removing waste products. A healthy lymphatic system contributes to:

• Improved circulation
• Enhanced immune function
• Better detoxification of the body
• Reduced risk of chronic diseases

How does the lymphatic system interact with other body systems? The lymphatic system works closely with the circulatory and immune systems, helping to transport nutrients, remove waste, and coordinate immune responses throughout the body.

By understanding the vital role of lymph nodes and the lymphatic system, you can better appreciate the importance of maintaining their health through proper nutrition, exercise, and medical care when necessary. Remember, swollen lymph nodes are often a sign that your body is working hard to protect you, but persistent or concerning symptoms should always be evaluated by a healthcare professional.

Swollen Lymph Nodes and Glands: Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, Emergencies

Written by Stephanie Watson

• Symptoms of Swollen Lymph Nodes
• Causes of Swollen Lymph Nodes
• When to See a Doctor for Swollen Lymph Nodes
• Swollen Lymph Nodes Diagnosis
• Swollen Lymph Node Treatment and Home Remedies

Swollen lymph nodes are a sign that your body is fighting off an infection or an illness. Most of the time, they return to normal size when their job is done.

Lymph nodes are round, bean-shaped glands, and you have them throughout your body. There are clusters of them in places like your neck, under your arm, and in the crease between your thigh and your torso (where your leg begins). You can sometimes feel these clusters as little bumps, especially if they’re swollen.

They’re part of your lymphatic system. Along with your spleen, tonsils, and adenoids, they help protect you from harmful germs.

The most common signs are:

Because swollen lymph nodes are usually linked to some type of illness, you might also have other symptoms, depending on what that illness is:

• Runny nose, sore throat, or fever (caused by an upper respiratory infection)

• Swelling of clusters of lymph nodes in different places in your body (caused by an infection or an immune system disorder, like rheumatoid arthritis)

• Hard lymph nodes that won’t move or get bigger quickly (signs of certain types of cancer)

Lymph nodes have immune cells called lymphocytes in them. They attack bacteria, viruses, and other things that can make you sick. When you’re fighting off harmful germs, your body makes more of those immune cells — that causes the swelling.

Your lymph nodes come across all kinds of germs, so they can be swollen for lots of reasons. Usually, it’s something that’s relatively easy to treat, like:

• A virus, like a cold
• A bacterial infection, like an ear infection, skin infection, or infected tooth

Much less often, it can be a more serious illness. They can include:

• Tuberculosis, an infection that usually affects your lungs
• Lyme disease, an infection spread through a tick bite
• A problem with your immune system, like lupus or rheumatoid arthritis
• HIV/AIDS, an infection spread through sexual contact and IV drug use
• Certain kinds of cancer, including:
  • Lymphoma, a cancer of the lymphatic system
  • Leukemia, a cancer of the blood

In most cases, swollen glands return to normal size after the illness or infection has passed. But here are some things to watch for:

• Glands that swelled up very suddenly

• Glands that are much larger than they should be, not just mildly swollen

• Glands that feel hard or don’t move when you push on them

• Glands that stay swollen for more than 5 days in children or 2 to 4 weeks in adults

• The area around the glands turns red or purple, it feels warm or you see pus

• Swelling in your arm or groin

• Sudden weight loss

• A fever that doesn’t go away

• Night sweats

If you notice any of these, see your doctor.

Your doctor will start by asking you about your medical history and giving you a physical exam. They might be able to get an idea of what’s making your glands swell by where they are in your body.

They also may recommend one of these tests to find out more about what’s going on:

• Blood tests

• X-rays

• Ultrasound. High-frequency sound waves are used to let your doctor see what’s happening inside your body.

• Magnetic resonance imaging scan (MRI). A powerful magnet and radio waves are used to make detailed images of your organs and tissues.

• Biopsy. Lymph node tissue is removed and looked at under a microscope.

• PET scan. This looks at the chemical activity in parts of your body. It may help identify a variety of conditions like some cancers, heart disease and brain disorders. This is done less commonly.

• CT scan. A series of X-rays are taken from different angles and put together to form a more complete picture.

If your swollen lymph nodes aren’t caused by something serious, they will go away on their own. A few things may help with any discomfort while you wait for it to run its course:

• Warm compress. A washcloth rinsed in hot water and placed on the area that hurts may help ease pain.

• Rest. Getting good rest can help you get over a mild illness faster.

• Over-the-counter pain relievers: Acetaminophen, aspirin, ibuprofen, or naproxen may make you feel better. (Talk to your doctor before giving aspirin to children or teenagers. )

If something more serious is causing the swelling, treatment can include:

• Antibiotics for an infection caused by bacteria

• Medications that help with inflammation (for lupus and rheumatoid arthritis)

• Surgery, radiation, or chemotherapy (for types of cancer)

Top Picks

Boils Information | Mount Sinai

Furuncle

A boil is an infection that affects groups of hair follicles and nearby skin tissue.

Related conditions include folliculitis, an inflammation of one or more hair follicles, and carbunculosis, a skin infection that often involves a group of hair follicles. 

At the base of the hair follicle are sensory nerve fibers that wrap around each hair bulb. Bending the hair stimulates the nerve endings allowing a person to feel that the hair has been moved. One of the main functions of hair is to act as a sensitive touch receptor. Sebaceous glands are also associated with each hair follicle that produce an oily secretion to help condition the hair and surrounding skin.

Causes

Boils are very common. They are most often caused by the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. They can also be caused by other types of bacteria or fungi found on the skin’s surface. Damage to the hair follicle allows the infection to grow deeper into the follicle and the tissues under it.

Boils may occur in the hair follicles anywhere on the body. They are most common on the face, neck, armpit, buttocks, and thighs. You may have one or many boils. The condition may occur only once or it can be a long-lasting (chronic) or recurring problem.

Symptoms

A boil may begin as tender, pinkish-red, and swollen, on a firm area of the skin. Over time, it will feel like a water-filled balloon or cyst.

Pain gets worse as it fills with pus and dead tissue. Pain lessens when the boil drains. A boil may drain on its own. More often, the boil needs to be opened to drain.

The main symptoms of a boil include:

• A bump about the size of a pea, but may be as large as a golf ball
• White or yellow center (pustules)
• Spread to other skin areas or joining with other boils
• Quick growth
• Weeping, oozing, or crusting

Other symptoms may include:

• Fatigue
• Fever
• General ill-feeling
• Itching before the boil develops
• Skin redness around the boil

Exams and Tests

The health care provider can usually diagnose a boil based on how it looks. A sample of cells from the boil may be sent to the lab for a culture to look for staphylococcus or other bacteria.

Treatment

Boils may heal on their own after a period of itching and mild pain. More often, they become more painful as pus builds up.

Boils usually need to open and drain in order to heal. This most often happens within 2 weeks. You should:

• Put warm, moist, compresses on the boil several times a day to speed draining and healing.
• Never squeeze a boil or try to cut it open at home. This can spread the infection.
• Continue to put warm, wet, compresses on the area after the boil opens.

You may need to have surgery to drain deep or large boils. Get treatment from your provider if:

• You have a fever or other symptoms with the boil.
• The boil causes pain or discomfort. 
• You have a boil on your spine or the middle of your face.
• A boil lasts longer than 1 week.
• A boil comes back.

It is important to keep a boil clean. To do this:

• Clean boils and change their dressing often.
• Wash your hands well before and after touching a boil.
• Do not reuse or share washcloths or towels. Wash clothing, washcloths, towels, and sheets or other items that have touched infected areas in hot water.
• Throw out used dressings in a sealed bag so that fluid from the boil does not touch anything else.

Your provider may give you antibiotics to take by mouth or a shot, if the boil is very bad or comes back.

Antibacterial soaps and creams cannot help much once a boil has formed.

Outlook (Prognosis)

Some people have repeated boil infections and are unable to prevent them.

Boils in areas such as the ear canal or nose can be very painful.

Boils that form close together may expand and join, causing a condition called carbunculosis.

Possible Complications

These complications may occur:

• Abscess of the skin, spinal cord, brain, kidneys, or other organ
• Brain infection
• Heart infection
• Bone infection
• Infection of the blood or tissues (sepsis)
• Spinal cord infection
• Spread of infection to other parts of the body or skin surfaces
• Permanent scarring

When to Contact a Medical Professional

Contact your provider if boils:

• Appear on your face or spine
• Occur along with a fever, red streaks coming out from the sore, a large build-up of fluid in the area, or other symptoms of infection
• Cause pain or discomfort
• Do not heal with home treatment within 1 week
• Come back after treatment

Prevention

The following may help prevent the spread of infection:

• Antibacterial soaps

• Antiseptic (germ-killing) washes

• Keeping clean (such as thorough hand washing)

Dinulos JGH. Bacterial infections. In: Dinulos JGH, ed. Habif’s Clinical Dermatology. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 9.

Pulia M, May LS. Skin and soft tissue infections. In: Walls RM, ed. Rosen’s Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2023:chap 126.

Last reviewed on: 11/30/2022

Reviewed by: Ramin Fathi, MD, FAAD, Director, Phoenix Surgical Dermatology Group, Phoenix, AZ. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.

Misuse of water was called a “time bomb”

https://ria.ru/20201212/voda-1588920498.html

Misuse of water was called a “time bomb”

Misuse of water was called a “time bomb” – RIA Novosti, 03.03.2021

Misuse of water was called a “time bomb”

WeChat user told how not to harm the body when drinking water. RIA Novosti, 03.03.2021

2020-12-12T15:50

2020-12-12T15:50

2021-03-03T18:14

water

health

900 02 wechat

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MOSCOW, December 12 – RIA Novosti. A WeChat user told how not to harm the body when drinking water. The author of the post noted that drinking a glass of water in the morning after waking up is useful because it will allow you to replenish the water balance in the body after a night’s sleep. In addition, it will reduce blood viscosity and stimulate blood circulation. The user clarified that many people drink water incorrectly, which causes great harm to their health. He talked about common mistakes while drinking water, which can become a “time bomb” for the body. The author of the post also dispelled the myth that you must first brush your teeth before drinking water. Claims that bacteria from the oral cavity will enter the body with water are exaggerated, since bacteria are mainly concentrated on tartar or plaque. It can only be removed by brushing and rubbing. Water does not have such a frictional force to clean off plaque. Moreover, the acid in the intestines can kill pathogenic bacteria.

https://ria.ru/20201025/yaytsa-1581408015.html

https://ria.ru/20201205/kartofel-1587785603.html

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water, health, wechat

900 02 Water, Health , WeChat

MOSCOW, December 12 – RIA Novosti. WeChat user told how not to harm the body when drinking water.

The author of the post noted that drinking a glass of water in the morning after waking up is useful, because it will allow you to replenish the water balance in the body after a night’s sleep. In addition, it will reduce blood viscosity and stimulate blood circulation.

The user clarified that many people use water incorrectly, which causes great harm to their health. He talked about common mistakes while drinking water, which can be a “time bomb” for the body.

The difference between white and dark shelled eggs explained

October 25, 2020, 02:33

1. In a person with cardiovascular disease, this can lead to a heart attack. In addition, drinking plenty of water on an empty stomach thins out stomach acid. When eating, this affects the process of digestion and over time can cause stomach diseases. It is recommended to drink no more than 150 milliliters of water at a time (about half a glass), and also to do it slowly, in small sips.

2. 2.

   Do not replace the first glass of water with milk, coffee, juices and mineral water. This will not replenish the fluid balance, but will start the digestive process, which will negatively affect the health of the gastrointestinal tract. Some of these drinks are diuretic and will cause more fluid loss in the body.

3. 3.

   Do not drink salted water as it will increase blood pressure. In addition, it will increase the daily amount of salt intake, which will put a strain on the kidneys.

4. 4.

   You can drink water with honey for people who suffer from constipation. Honey should be placed in cold or warm water, but not in boiling water.

5. 5.

   Boiled water is the best choice for most people because it is sugar and salt free and won’t stress the kidneys or the cardiovascular system.

6. 6.

   It is not recommended to drink too cold or too hot water. A cold drink stimulates the gastrointestinal tract, quickly reduces the blood vessels of the gastric mucosa. This can lead to discomfort and diarrhea. Hot water injures the delicate lining of the esophagus and can lead to cancer. The use of liquid, the temperature of which exceeds 65 degrees, causes a burn. If this happens regularly, the normal structure of the cells is destroyed, after which malignant formations occur. In order not to irritate the gastric mucosa, the water temperature should be no more than 50 degrees.

A serious danger of potatoes named

December 5, 2020, 10:20

The author of the post also dispelled the myth that you must first brush your teeth before drinking water. Claims that bacteria from the oral cavity will enter the body with water are exaggerated, since bacteria are mainly concentrated on tartar or plaque. It can only be removed by brushing and rubbing. Water does not have such a frictional force to clean off plaque. Moreover, the acid in the intestines can kill pathogenic bacteria.

Read the full version of the material on the website
Raspberry is a deciduous subshrub of the Rosaceae family. Plant height – up to 2.5 m. The roots are winding, woody. Stems erect. Initially shoots are green and grassy. After a year of life, they begin to stiffen and turn brown. The leaves are oval, green above and whitish below. The flowers are white, up to 1 cm in diameter. The fruits are red drupes.

Raspberry composition

Berries contain about 11% of sugars represented by glucose, fructose and sucrose. They contain essential oils, pectins, mucus, proteins, carotene, flavonoids, anthocyanins, tannins, coumarins, ketones, mineral salts, vitamins A, C, group B, PP.

Attention! The leaves contain a lot of manganese. And in the seeds – fatty oil (up to 22%) and phytosterol (up to 0.8%). They also have everything the same as in berries.

Medicinal properties

The fruits have diaphoretic, tonic, anti-inflammatory, diuretic, antiscorbutic, astringent properties. Leaves and young shoots have an antispasmodic, hemostatic effect.

Effects on the body

The main value of raspberry is that it is a powerful natural antioxidant. Antioxidant activity in it is shown by flavonoids, anthocyanins, ascorbic acid, tocopherol, carotenoids and phenols. These compounds deactivate free radicals – oxygen molecules with one unpaired electron. These molecules seek to restore balance and therefore take electrons from cells, amino acids and many other molecules that they meet along the way. As a result, the latter are destroyed, which leads to rapid wear of the body, early aging and an increased risk of tumor formation. Antioxidants interrupt this process.

Attention! Vitamin C prevents the development of scurvy and is necessary for the full functioning of bone and connective tissues. One serving of berries contains about 30% of its required daily intake.

Phenolic substances improve elasticity and regulate capillary permeability, helping to remove harmful compounds from them. Manganese, which is abundant in raspberry leaves, is essential for protein synthesis. Magnesium supports the normal functioning of the heart muscle. And vitamin K – normalizes blood clotting.

Cosmetic properties

In cosmetology, raspberry extracts are most often used. They help eliminate acne, acne, age spots, normalize oily skin, and also stimulate hair growth. In addition, they:

• protect against cell membrane destruction;
• slow down aging;
• moisturize the epidermis;
• cleanse pores;
• nourish the skin;

The extract is used for therapeutic baths, included in the composition of masks for oily skin, lotions, creams, shampoos, hair balms and other cosmetics.

Contraindications and side effects

It is worth minimizing the use of raspberries in the presence of problems with the kidneys and gallbladder. And all because it contains calcium oxalates, which can provoke an exacerbation of these diseases.

It is worth refraining from the product during the period of exacerbation of stomach ulcers, gastritis or diseases of the duodenum 12. Due to the content of purines, the product is contraindicated in nephritis and gout.

Applications and standards

Fruit syrup is used in pharmacology to improve the taste of drugs. For the prevention and treatment of diseases, dry plant materials can be used. It is produced in briquettes, filter bags and in bulk. Raspberries in filter bags are brewed in boiling water: 1 pc. to a glass of water. In loose form, it is used to prepare decoctions: 2 tbsp. l. raw materials pour 500 ml of boiling water, insist 2 hours, filter and take half a glass 4 times a day before meals.