What is transient osteoporosis of the hip. How does it differ from age-related osteoporosis. Who is most at risk for developing this condition. What are the common symptoms and diagnostic methods. How is transient osteoporosis of the hip treated.

Understanding Transient Osteoporosis of the Hip

Transient osteoporosis of the hip is a rare condition characterized by temporary bone loss in the upper portion of the thighbone, or femur. This condition is distinct from age-related osteoporosis, which is a more common and progressive condition affecting bones throughout the body.

Is transient osteoporosis of the hip permanent? Fortunately, it is not. The condition typically resolves on its own within 6 to 12 months, with bone strength returning to normal in most cases. However, during the acute phase, it can cause significant pain and discomfort, potentially leading to temporary disability.

The Anatomy of the Hip Joint

To better understand transient osteoporosis of the hip, it’s essential to grasp the basic anatomy of the hip joint. The hip is a ball-and-socket joint, one of the largest in the human body. It consists of two main components:

• The acetabulum: This is the socket part of the joint, formed by the pelvis bone.
• The femoral head: This is the ball part of the joint, which is the upper end of the femur (thighbone).

In transient osteoporosis, the femoral head experiences a temporary loss of bone density, making it more susceptible to fractures during the affected period.

Who Is at Risk for Transient Osteoporosis of the Hip?

While the exact cause of transient osteoporosis of the hip remains unclear, certain groups appear to be more susceptible to this condition:

• Men between the ages of 30 and 60
• Women in the late stages of pregnancy (last trimester)
• Women who have recently given birth

How common is transient osteoporosis of the hip in pregnant women? A study published in the Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology in 2017 estimates that the condition affects approximately 1 in 250,000 pregnant females.

Potential Causes and Theories

While researchers continue to investigate the underlying causes of transient osteoporosis of the hip, several theories have been proposed:

1. Obstruction of small blood vessels surrounding the hip
2. Hormonal changes
3. Abnormal mechanical stresses on the bone

It’s important to note that these theories remain unproven, and further research is needed to fully understand the etiology of this condition.

Recognizing the Symptoms of Transient Osteoporosis of the Hip

Identifying the symptoms of transient osteoporosis of the hip is crucial for early diagnosis and management. The most common symptoms include:

• Sudden onset of pain, typically in the front of the thigh, groin, side of the hip, or buttocks
• Pain that intensifies with weight-bearing activities and may lessen with rest
• No history of prior accident or injury to the hip
• Slightly limited range of motion, with pain increasing during extreme hip movements
• Gradually increasing pain over weeks or months, potentially becoming severe enough to cause disability
• Development of a noticeable limp as the individual attempts to protect the joint and alleviate pain

Can transient osteoporosis of the hip cause referred pain? Yes, it’s possible for the pain to radiate to other areas of the leg, such as the knee or thigh. This referred pain can sometimes complicate diagnosis, making it essential to consult with a healthcare professional for accurate assessment.

Diagnostic Approaches for Transient Osteoporosis of the Hip

Diagnosing transient osteoporosis of the hip typically involves a combination of clinical examination and imaging studies. The diagnostic process usually includes:

Medical History and Physical Examination

Your doctor will begin by discussing your symptoms, their onset, and any potential triggering events. During the physical examination, they will assess your range of motion and attempt to reproduce the pain. A key diagnostic clue is the presence of severe pain during weight-bearing activities, but minimal pain during passive range of motion tests.

Imaging Studies

Various imaging techniques may be employed to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other potential causes of hip pain:

• X-rays: These may show a slight decrease in bone density of the femoral head in the early stages, with more dramatic loss visible after several months.
• Computed Tomography (CT) scans: These can provide more detailed images of the bone structure.
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): This is particularly useful for early detection of transient osteoporosis, as it can reveal bone marrow edema before changes are visible on X-rays.

Why is MRI considered the gold standard for diagnosing transient osteoporosis of the hip? MRI is highly sensitive to changes in bone marrow and can detect early signs of the condition, such as bone marrow edema, before they become apparent on other imaging modalities. This allows for earlier diagnosis and intervention.

Treatment Options for Transient Osteoporosis of the Hip

While transient osteoporosis of the hip typically resolves on its own, various treatment approaches can help manage symptoms and prevent complications:

Conservative Management

• Limited weight-bearing: Using crutches or a walker to reduce stress on the affected hip
• Pain management: Over-the-counter or prescription pain medications to alleviate discomfort
• Physical therapy: Gentle exercises to maintain joint mobility and prevent muscle atrophy

Medications

In some cases, your doctor may recommend medications to support bone health and manage symptoms:

• Bisphosphonates: These drugs can help slow bone loss and may speed up recovery
• Calcium and vitamin D supplements: To support overall bone health

Surgical Intervention

Surgery is rarely necessary for transient osteoporosis of the hip. However, in cases where a fracture occurs due to weakened bone, surgical repair may be required.

How long does recovery from transient osteoporosis of the hip typically take? Most patients experience significant improvement within 6 to 12 months, with complete resolution of symptoms and restoration of bone density occurring in the majority of cases.

Preventing Complications and Promoting Recovery

While transient osteoporosis of the hip is generally self-limiting, taking certain precautions can help prevent complications and support recovery:

• Adhering to weight-bearing restrictions as recommended by your healthcare provider
• Engaging in low-impact exercises to maintain overall fitness without stressing the affected hip
• Ensuring adequate intake of calcium and vitamin D through diet and supplements if necessary
• Avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption, which can negatively impact bone health
• Attending follow-up appointments to monitor progress and adjust treatment as needed

Can transient osteoporosis of the hip recur? While recurrence is rare, it is possible for the condition to affect the same hip or the opposite hip in some cases. Maintaining good bone health and following your doctor’s recommendations can help reduce the risk of recurrence.

Living with Transient Osteoporosis of the Hip: Coping Strategies and Support

Dealing with transient osteoporosis of the hip can be challenging, both physically and emotionally. Here are some strategies to help cope with the condition:

• Educate yourself about the condition to better understand what to expect during recovery
• Communicate openly with your healthcare team about your symptoms and concerns
• Consider joining a support group or connecting with others who have experienced similar conditions
• Explore stress-reduction techniques such as meditation or gentle yoga to manage pain and anxiety
• Make necessary adaptations to your home and workplace to ensure safety and comfort during recovery

How can family members and caregivers support someone with transient osteoporosis of the hip? Family members can provide emotional support, assist with daily tasks to reduce strain on the affected hip, and help ensure adherence to treatment plans and follow-up appointments.

Ongoing Research and Future Directions

As our understanding of transient osteoporosis of the hip continues to evolve, researchers are exploring new avenues for diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Some areas of ongoing research include:

• Investigating the underlying mechanisms of bone loss and recovery in transient osteoporosis
• Developing new imaging techniques for earlier and more accurate diagnosis
• Exploring potential genetic factors that may contribute to susceptibility
• Evaluating the effectiveness of novel treatment approaches, including bone-stimulating therapies

What role might regenerative medicine play in the future treatment of transient osteoporosis of the hip? Emerging research in regenerative medicine, such as stem cell therapies and growth factor treatments, may offer new possibilities for accelerating bone healing and recovery in patients with transient osteoporosis of the hip.

Differentiating Transient Osteoporosis from Other Hip Conditions

Transient osteoporosis of the hip can sometimes be mistaken for other hip conditions due to overlapping symptoms. It’s important to distinguish it from conditions such as:

• Avascular necrosis of the hip
• Stress fractures
• Hip osteoarthritis
• Septic arthritis

Accurate diagnosis is crucial for appropriate treatment and management. Your healthcare provider will use a combination of clinical examination, imaging studies, and sometimes laboratory tests to differentiate transient osteoporosis from other hip conditions.

How does the prognosis of transient osteoporosis compare to that of avascular necrosis? While transient osteoporosis typically resolves completely within 6 to 12 months, avascular necrosis is often a progressive condition that may lead to permanent joint damage if left untreated. This underscores the importance of accurate diagnosis and timely intervention.

The Impact of Transient Osteoporosis on Pregnancy and Postpartum Health

Given that transient osteoporosis of the hip can affect women in late pregnancy or the early postpartum period, it’s important to consider its implications for maternal health:

• Challenges in mobility during late pregnancy and early childcare
• Potential impact on breastfeeding positions and comfort
• Considerations for future pregnancies and bone health

Healthcare providers caring for pregnant and postpartum women should be aware of this condition and its potential impact on maternal well-being and infant care.

Are there any specific precautions for managing transient osteoporosis in pregnant or breastfeeding women? Treatment approaches may need to be modified to ensure the safety of both mother and baby. For example, certain medications may be contraindicated during pregnancy or breastfeeding, and alternative pain management strategies may be employed.

Nutritional Considerations for Bone Health

While the exact cause of transient osteoporosis of the hip remains unknown, maintaining overall bone health through proper nutrition is important for recovery and general well-being. Key nutritional considerations include:

• Adequate calcium intake from dietary sources or supplements
• Sufficient vitamin D levels, which may require supplementation in some cases
• Balanced protein intake to support bone matrix formation
• Consumption of fruits and vegetables rich in bone-supporting nutrients

A registered dietitian can provide personalized advice on optimizing nutrition for bone health, taking into account individual needs and any dietary restrictions.

Can dietary changes alone prevent or treat transient osteoporosis of the hip? While proper nutrition is important for overall bone health, there is no evidence that dietary changes alone can prevent or treat transient osteoporosis of the hip. However, good nutrition can support recovery and may help reduce the risk of other bone-related issues.

The Role of Physical Therapy in Recovery

Physical therapy plays a crucial role in the management and recovery of transient osteoporosis of the hip. A tailored physical therapy program may include:

• Gentle range of motion exercises to maintain joint mobility
• Strengthening exercises for the surrounding muscles, progressing as tolerated
• Gait training to improve walking patterns and reduce stress on the affected hip
• Balance and proprioception exercises to enhance stability and prevent falls
• Education on proper body mechanics for daily activities

Physical therapists work closely with patients to develop a personalized program that takes into account the individual’s pain levels, functional limitations, and recovery goals.

When is it safe to begin more intensive physical therapy for transient osteoporosis of the hip? The timing and intensity of physical therapy should be guided by the patient’s symptoms and progress. Typically, more intensive exercises are introduced gradually as pain decreases and bone density improves, always under the supervision of a healthcare professional.

Long-term Outlook and Follow-up Care

While transient osteoporosis of the hip is generally a self-limiting condition, long-term follow-up care is important to ensure complete recovery and address any lingering concerns. This may involve:

• Periodic imaging studies to confirm restoration of bone density
• Ongoing assessment of hip function and pain levels
• Evaluation of overall bone health and osteoporosis risk factors
• Guidance on maintaining bone health through lifestyle and nutritional choices

Your healthcare provider will determine the appropriate follow-up schedule based on your individual case and recovery progress.

After recovery from transient osteoporosis of the hip, are there any long-term restrictions or precautions? In most cases, once full recovery is achieved, there are no specific long-term restrictions. However, maintaining good bone health through proper nutrition, regular exercise, and avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption is advisable for overall skeletal health.

Transient Osteoporosis of the Hip – OrthoInfo

Transient osteoporosis of the hip is a rare condition that causes temporary bone loss in the upper portion of the thighbone (femur).

People with transient osteoporosis of the hip will experience a sudden onset (start) of pain that worsens with walking or other weight-bearing activities. In many cases, the pain increases over time and may become disabling.

Painful symptoms gradually decrease and usually go away within 6 to 12 months. Bone strength in the hip also returns to normal in most people.

Despite the name, transient osteoporosis of the hip is very different from the more common age-related osteoporosis. Age-related osteoporosis is a painless, progressive (develops over time) condition that leads to a weakening of the bones throughout the body. It can put people at greater long-term risk for broken bones.

For more information about age-related osteoporosis: Osteoporosis

The hip is one of the body’s largest joints. It is a ball-and-socket joint. The socket is formed by the acetabulum, which is part of the large pelvis bone. The ball is the femoral head, which is the upper end of the femur (thighbone).

The hip is a ball-and-socket joint. In a healthy hip, the femoral head (ball) fits firmly into the acetabulum (socket).

In transient osteoporosis of the hip, the femoral head weakens and loses density (bone mass). During the time that the bone is weakened, it is at greater risk for breaking.

Transient osteoporosis most often occurs in the hip joint, but can also affect other joints in the leg, such as the knee, ankle, and foot.

Transient osteoporosis of the hip most often occurs in young or middle-aged men (between the ages of 30 and 60). It is also more common in women who are in the late stages of pregnancy (the last 3 months) or who have recently given birth. A study published in the Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology in 2017 estimates that the condition affects 1 in 250,000 pregnant females.

Currently, there is no clear explanation for what causes this condition. Researchers are studying this disease and several theories have been proposed, although none are proven.

Some of the causes that have been suggested include:

• Obstruction (blockage) of some of the small blood vessels that surround the hip
• Hormonal changes
• Abnormal mechanical stresses (external load or force) on the bone

• Sudden onset of pain, typically in the front of the thigh, the groin, the side of the hip, or the buttocks
• Pain that intensifies with weight bearing and may lessen with rest
• No previous accident or injury to the hip that would trigger pain
• Slightly limited motion: Gentle hip motion is usually painless, but pain may intensify with extreme motions of the hip
• Pain that gradually increases over a period of weeks or months and may be so intense that it is disabling
• A noticeable limp as you try to protect the joint and ease the pain

Medical History and Physical Examination

Your doctor will talk to you about your symptoms and when they first started. They may ask you whether you can remember any injury to your hip.

During the physical examination, your doctor will have you move your leg in different directions to measure your range of motion and try to reproduce the pain. Most patients with transient osteoporosis of the hip have more pain when they move the hip themselves (active range of motion) as opposed to when the doctor moves the hip for them (passive range of motion).

In addition, pain is often felt only with extremes of hip movements, and it usually worsens with any weightbearing. This difference in how the pain is felt (severe pain with weightbearing, but minimal pain with passive range of motion) is one of the clues to the diagnosis of transient osteoporosis.

During the exam, your doctor will test the range of motion in your hip.

Reproduced from JF Sarwark, ed: Essentials of Musculoskeletal Care, ed 4. Rosemont, IL, American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 2010.

Tests

• X-rays. In the early course of the disease (the first 6 weeks), X-ray images may show a slight decrease in the bone density of the femoral head, but this may be hard to see. Several months later, X-rays may show a dramatic loss of bone density with a near complete disappearance of the femoral head. This temporary loss of bone density is why the disease is termed “transient osteoporosis of the hip.”

This X-ray of the pelvis shows early changes in bone density in the affected hip (arrows).

Reproduced from Korompilias AV, Karantanas AH, Lykissas MG, Beris AE: Transient osteoporosis. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2008; 16:480-489.

• Other imaging scans. Because X-rays may not show bone loss until the condition is well-advanced, your doctor may order other types of imaging tests to identify the cause of your symptoms.

  Computed tomography (CT) scans and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans can provide more detailed images. MRI scans provide clear images of the soft tissues (muscles, tendons, and ligaments) around the hip.

  A nuclear medicine bone scan can more clearly show changes in bone caused by infection or injury. (A nuclear medicine bone scan should not be confused with a dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan. A DEXA scan is a study that tests for general bone density, and while it is the gold standard in testing for age-related osteoporosis, it is not effective in diagnosing transient osteoporosis of the hip.)

  If you are pregnant, your doctor may decide to delay imaging studies until the last stages of your pregnancy, or even until after the delivery. Generally, MRI is safe to obtain in pregnancy, although you should discuss this with your orthopaedic surgeon, your primary doctor, and your obstetrician if you are considering this test.

• Laboratory tests. Currently there is no blood test that helps to diagnose this disorder. However, blood tests are often very helpful in ruling out other causes of hip pain, such as metabolic (nutritional) disorders, endocrine (hormonal) disorders, and metastatic disease (cancer).

Bone Marrow Edema

One of the most common signs of transient osteoporosis of the hip is bone marrow edema. Bone marrow is a spongy substance that produces blood cells and is located in the hollow part of long bones. In bone marrow edema, the bone marrow is inflamed and full of fluid.

An MRI scan of a hip affected by transient osteoporosis will usually reveal bone marrow edema. Because of this, MRI is one of the most useful studies to help diagnose the condition.

This MRI image shows edema surrounding the affected hip. Edema causes the bone to appear white in the MRI image.

Reproduced from Korompilias AV, Karantanas AH, Lykissas MG, Beris AE: Transient osteoporosis. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2008; 16:480-489.

Because transient osteoporosis goes away on its own, treatment focuses on minimizing symptoms and preventing any damage to the bones while they are weakened by the disorder.

• Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medication (NSAIDs). Drugs like ibuprofen and naproxen may relieve pain and inflammation.
• Weightbearing restrictions. Your doctor may advise you to temporarily limit or eliminate weightbearing activities. Using crutches, a cane, a walker, or other walking aid, will help relieve the stress of weightbearing on the affected hip, and may prevent a fracture of the temporarily weakened bone.
• Physical therapy. To help maintain strength and flexibility in the muscles supporting your hip, your doctor may also recommend a series of exercises that you can do as the pain lessens. Water exercises may be helpful not only because they ease movement, but also because they relieve weight bearing.
• Nutrition. Proper nutrition, including Vitamin D and calcium, may help promote the healing process and rebuilding of bone.

With proper diagnosis and treatment, most patients with transient osteoporosis of the hip can expect their symptoms to end within 6 to 12 months. Bone strength in the hip also will return to normal in most cases.

In a small percentage of patients, transient osteoporosis appears again later in life. It can return to the same hip or even in the hip that was not originally affected. It is difficult to predict whether the condition will come back.

To Top

Osteoporosis Hip Pain | Treatments

If you’re one of the 54 million Americans who have osteoporosis or low bone density, you have an increased risk of bone fractures and chronic pain. 

Half of American women and a quarter of men over 50 will break a bone because of osteoporosis. This widespread disease most often affects your hips, wrist, and spine.

Can Osteoporosis Cause Hip Pain?

Yes. Osteoporosis can affect the femoral head and the pelvic bones comprising your hip joint.

u

Osteoporosis is a prevalent cause of hip pain and hip fractures. In fact, hip fractures are by far the most debilitating and painful of osteoporosis-related breaks.  

Most people who have osteoporosis-related hip fractures live with chronic pain, a noticeable limp, and end up needing a walker or other walking aid.

What Is Osteoporosis?

Osteoporosis is a bone disease that causes progressive bone loss.

Osteoporosis develops gradually, and as you lose bone density, your bones become porous and weak. The bone mass loss increases your risk of fractures, deformity, and severe pain.

Your hips are vulnerable to age-related osteoporosis, which is sometimes called wear-and-tear, and transient osteoporosis.

What Is Transient Osteoporosis?

Despite sharing a similar name, transient osteoporosis is very different from age-related osteoporosis, which is often painless in its early stages.

Transient osteoporosis is a rare form of the disease that causes temporarily weakened bone in the upper part of the femur.

It causes a sudden onset of pain that’s worse when you walk or participate in other weight-bearing activities.

While gentle hip movements don’t trigger pain in the early stages of the disease, extreme motions cause pain from day one.

Transient osteoporosis is usually progressive, eventually causing debilitating hip pain and increasing your risk of hip fractures.

The good news is that transient osteoporosis resolves within 6-12 months, your bone strength returns, and your painful symptoms gradually subside.

What Causes Osteoporosis of the Hip?

Your age and family history influence your risk of age-related osteoporosis. Additionally, a diet with insufficient calcium and vitamin D can contribute to your risk of the disease.

Medical conditions, including endocrine disorders, irritable bowel syndrome, kidney disease, lupus, and rheumatoid arthritis, also increase your risk of osteoporosis.

Medical researchers haven’t found a specific cause for transient osteoporosis.

r

Problems with your blood vessels, hormonal imbalances, and abnormal mechanical stresses can increase your risk of temporary bone loss in your upper thigh bone.

What Are the Symptoms of Osteoporosis of the Hip?

Age-related osteoporosis can develop for years without causing any symptoms.

Often the first sign of hip osteoporosis is a fracture from doing something as commonplace as leaning out of your car window to get a parking ticket.

On the other hand, transient osteoporosis causes sudden and severe pain that intensifies with weight-bearing exercise, and your pain subsides with rest.

Transient osteoporosis symptoms intensify over weeks or months and eventually become debilitating. Patients often develop a noticeable limp and need a walking aid until their condition subsides.

Bone marrow edema is another sign of transient osteoporosis. Bone marrow is the spongy material inside the hollows of long bones that produces blood cells. Bone marrow edema occurs when this tissue is inflamed and full of fluid.

What Are the Treatment Options for Osteoporosis of the Hip?

The team of orthopedic surgeons at OrthoNeuro in Columbus, Ohio, provides thorough exams and testing, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans and X-rays to diagnose age-related and transient osteoporosis.



Once your physician understands your needs, they create a comprehensive treatment plan to address both forms of hip osteoarthritis. They combine proper nutrition, physical therapy, and medication.

Common age-related osteoporosis may improve with estrogen hormone therapy, selective estrogen receptive modulators, calcitonin, and bisphosphonates.

Your doctor could also prescribe calcium and vitamin D supplements as well as dietary changes.

Physical therapy can help build strength and flexibility in the muscles supporting and stabilizing your hip.

You may have weight-bearing restrictions if you have transient osteoporosis.

In this case, you may opt for water exercises and therapeutic movements with assistive devices. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may help with your pain.

Call OrthoNeuro or schedule a consultation online today if you have any concerns about hip osteoporosis.

Our team of orthopedic hip specialists supports your healing process, minimizing symptoms and helping you get back to your regular activities.

Make an Appointment with an OrthoNeuro Hip Specialist Today!

If you have been suffering from symptoms of osteoporosis hip pain, schedule an appointment with one of our Board Certified Orthopedic Hip Specialists at one of our 7 convenient locations throughout Greater Columbus. 

We will evaluate your unique lifestyle and goals to determine which type of treatment is best for you. Best of all, most patients can be seen within 24 hours of making an appointment.

Osteopenia – symptoms, causes, diagnosis, treatment

Osteopenia is a condition in which bone mineral density decreases. In addition, bone strength also decreases. This is accompanied by an increased risk of fracture. Osteopenia is often confused with osteoporosis. The difference between them is that in the first disease, bone loss is not so significant. Therefore, many people live with osteopenia for a long time without knowing about it. Let us consider in more detail what is the peculiarity of the pathology and how to avoid it.

What are osteoporosis and osteopenia? Why is osteoporosis dangerous?

As we grow older, the bones begin to thin out – this is a normal physiological process. With age, the rate of formation of new cells decreases compared to the rate of reabsorption of old cells. Against the background of an imbalance of such mechanisms, a change in the structure of bone tissue occurs, the bones lose their mass. As a result of a decrease in the amount of minerals in the chemical composition of bone tissues, they become brittle and more prone to fractures.

Maximum bone density is reached by 29–31 years of age, after which age regression occurs. But it is worth noting that the stronger the skeleton at this age, the later the osteopenic condition will develop. However, there are rare situations when low mineral density is considered acceptable and bone mass does not decrease.

The rate of bone loss varies between men and women. In men (regardless of age), it remains constant, about 0. 4% per year. In women, this parameter directly depends on the hormonal background. So, before the onset of menopause, it ranges from 0.7% to 1% per year. And during menopause, it increases significantly, reaching up to 2% per year.

Causes of osteopenia

The process of bone formation is largely related to genetic factors. It can be influenced by various individual characteristics (in particular, gender, age category, physical activity). Therefore, osteopenia is able to develop when some “failures” occur at various levels. Not the last role is played by genetic changes, for example, hereditary predisposition, early menopause. Other risk factors include:

1. Underweight.
2. Sedentary lifestyle (sedentary work, lack of physical activity).
3. Abuse of caffeinated drinks.
4. Bad habits (use of tobacco and alcohol products).
5. Calcium deficiency in the body.
6. Chronic inflammation due to disease (eg, rheumatoid arthritis).
7. Severe diseases of internal organs (liver, lungs, kidneys).
8. Celiac disease (autoimmune, hereditary disease of the digestive tract).
9. Radiation therapy and chemotherapy within the last six months.

Symptoms

As a rule, osteopenia does not cause discomfort, does not provoke pain, as long as there are no bone fractures. Pathology can be asymptomatic for many years before a diagnosis is made. At the same time, fractures that occur against the background of osteopenia (for example, of the hip or vertebrae) are very painful.

However, sometimes there are symptoms that indirectly indicate a pathology. Among them are disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, failure of metabolic processes, frequent injuries to the limbs. It is important for each person who has been diagnosed to adjust their lifestyle, to choose a medical correction.

Diagnosis

The presence of osteopenia is easy to establish: it is enough to determine the bone density. Many techniques have been created, but DERA has more information content. This is a dual energy x-ray absorptiometry capable of detecting a decrease in bone mass at an early stage (at 2%). Additionally, the doctor prescribes laboratory diagnostics to check hormonal parameters, the content of calcium and phosphorus, the lack of which triggers the mechanism for the development of osteopenia. Sometimes doctors resort to instrumental diagnostic methods – computer or magnetic resonance imaging.

As a preventive measure, laboratory diagnostics is recommended for women over 55 years of age. Especially if, in addition to menopause, there are risk factors: the European type, the presence of osteoporosis in the next of kin, underweight, the systematic use of corticosteroids, and the abuse of bad habits.

According to statistics, most often osteopenia occurs in women over the age of 55 years. However, men are also susceptible to the disease. The difference lies in the fact that against the background of a higher BMD, changes begin later.

Treatment of osteopenia

If a patient is diagnosed with osteopenia, they are prescribed lifestyle adjustments and a diet that includes foods rich in vitamin D, calcium and other micronutrients. It is important to treat the underlying disease, which provoked a violation of their absorption, for example, celiac disease.

The choice of drug treatment tactics is carried out on an individual basis, taking into account the results of diagnostics, concomitant diseases and general health. The doctor also takes into account all risk factors (hereditary predisposition, body type, the presence of chronic pathologies), establishing the risk of fractures in the coming years.

An integral part of therapy is lifestyle modification. So, if a person abuses alcohol and tobacco products, he needs to give up these addictions. With a sedentary lifestyle, you can not do without regular, but moderate physical activity (for example, swimming or yoga).

It is also important to ensure a sufficient daily intake of calcium and vitamin D. If dietary intake cannot be managed, special supplements are allowed. Women over 70 require 800 IU of vitamin D per day, men and women of other age groups 600 IU per day, and young children (under one year old) 400 IU per day.

For calcium, adult women (over 55) and men (over 70) need 1200 mg per day. It must be taken fractionally, not more than 600 mg at a time. For women over 45 years of age and men over 55 years of age, the recommended dosage is 1000 mg per day.

Doctors often prescribe specialized drugs to combat osteopenia: bisphosphonates, calcitonin, teriparatide. Sometimes hormone replacement therapy with estrogen and progesterone is required.

It is worth noting that long-term use of various bisphosphonates can lead to side effects that have some peculiarities (for example, aseptic necrosis of the jaw). However, they are rare. These drugs are prescribed when the benefits of preventing bone fractures far outweigh the possible risks of side effects of these drugs.

Often, the treatment of osteopenia does not require the use of specialized medications, since not everyone has it leading to bone fractures or progressing to osteoporosis. At the same time, prolonged use of such drugs is often accompanied by side effects that can lead to serious complications. In such clinical situations, the doctor prescribes dynamic monitoring of bone density through densitometry.

Prevention of osteopenia

Maintaining a healthy lifestyle is important to minimize the risk of osteopenia. You need to eat right to get enough calcium. It is important to ensure an adequate intake of vitamin D, to minimize the use of alcohol-containing products, to engage in moderate physical activity and not to abuse tobacco products.

At a young age, measures to strengthen bone tissue are important, since it reaches its maximum at about 30 years of age. But even after 30 years, it will be useful to adjust the lifestyle. Thanks to a balanced diet, regular physical activity, the process of loss of bone tissue density significantly slows down, and the development of osteoporosis is prevented.

Stages of development

There are three main stages of osteopenia:

1. At the first stage, there are no visible manifestations, there is a non-critical decrease in bone density. Various microelements (in particular, phosphorus, calcium, manganese) begin to be washed out of the body.
2. In the second stage, there is already a strong decrease in bone density, which is accompanied by an increased risk of fractures. Some patients have pain in the interscapular region or the lumbar spine. There are discomfort during movement, a feeling of stiffness.
3. At the third stage, the pathology becomes chronic. A person has regular exacerbations of symptoms at regular intervals, complications appear in the form of arthritis, arthrosis, osteoporosis and other diseases.

Types of disease

Osteopenia is in many ways similar to osteoporosis, except for the intensity of the course and possible complications. Specialists classify only osteoporosis, but its characteristics are also relevant in relation to osteopenia. For classification, the causes of development, the shape of the flow and location are taken into account. Let’s consider them in more detail.

Osteopenia in women

According to statistics, it occurs more often than in men. This is due to the peculiarities of the hormonal background. At the same time, women over 50 years of age and those who have begun menopause are at risk. Abortions, breastfeeding, and professional sports have a negative effect on the structure of bones. In such situations, you need to get more beneficial trace elements and estrogens.

Osteopenia in children

At an early age, the pathology is diagnosed very rarely (may appear against the background of genetic abnormalities, hypertrophy). Sometimes it occurs in adolescence during puberty.

Classification by cause of occurrence

There are four main types of pathology:

1. Senile. It appears against the background of age-related degenerations, the development of looseness of the bone structure.
2. Post-traumatic. This is an acute form of the disease, which arises as a result of serious injuries, mechanical damage to the bones.
3. Postmenopausal. It occurs in more than 70% of women during menopause, which indicates hormonal disruptions in the body.
4. Medicinal. It is expressed by a negative reaction of bone tissues to long-term use of corticosteroids and other heavy drugs.

Complications

If you do not provide timely assistance (lifestyle correction, drug therapy), then there is a high risk of fractures of the arms, legs, neck and back. With the progression of the pathology, a partial limitation of motor functions appears. Some patients develop osteoarthritis, sciatica, rheumatism. In advanced cases, disability is possible.

Prevention of bone loss and fractures

To minimize the risk of developing pathology, it is important not to abuse alcohol and tobacco products, get enough trace elements and vitamin D. It is also important to be careful when moving – by preventing falls, it is possible to reduce the likelihood of fractures, which caused by osteoporosis.

Specialists of the medical center “Miracle Doctor” at the initial appointment will conduct an examination and prescribe the necessary studies. When making a diagnosis of osteopenia, an appropriate treatment regimen will be prescribed. A positive result is guaranteed. To make an appointment for an initial appointment, it is enough to leave a request on the website with contact details. The administrator will contact you shortly to clarify the details.

Treatment of osteoporosis

Osteoporosis (literally: porous bone) is a systemic skeletal disease that leads to increased bone fragility and a tendency to fracture, due to a decrease in bone mass and damage to bone tissue.
This disease affects all bones of the skeleton , which leads to the risk of fractures in the simplest situations and everyday stress.
The most dangerous areas of fractures are: the neck of the femur, spine, radius in the wrist. Due to a decrease in bone mass, it can lead to micro fractures in the spine. These fractures can occur at any time, even with minimal physical exertion. This is especially dangerous for the elderly, as bone loss occurs gradually over many years and as a result, even a normal movement can result in a fracture.

Innovative Surgery Center

Therapy and Gastroenterology Center

Orthopedics and Traumatology Center

Neurology Center

Medical Rehabilitation Center

Why does osteoporosis occur?
Our bones contain minerals, in particular calcium and phosphorus , which give bones hardness and density. Until about 25-30 years of age, a person’s bone density increases, reaching its peak by 30-35 years. After that, the reverse process begins – the density of bone tissue begins to decrease due to their “washout”. The reason for this is hormonal disorders and metabolic disorder .

In a healthy body there is a constant renewal of bone tissue – the removal of old bone and the formation of a new one. The rate of renewal slows down with age, and after 30 years, bone destruction occurs faster than their replacement with new bone tissue. Particularly in menopausal women, a decrease in estrogen levels accelerates this loss and inhibits calcium absorption and new bone formation. If calcium stores in the bones are insufficient when the aging process has already begun, then the likelihood of developing osteoporosis increases, but calcium alone is not enough to prevent osteoporosis, magnesium and vitamin D are also needed.

Fractures of the femoral neck are especially dangerous in osteoporosis, which in some cases cause the death of the patient or lead to severe disability.
In the treatment of osteoporosis, it is important that therapy is aimed at slowing or stopping mineral loss, increasing bone density, preventing bone fractures, and reducing the pain associated with the disease. With adequate treatment, the development of osteoporosis can be slowed or stopped.
Factors that increase the risk of developing osteoporosis
– Family history (family of hip fractures)
– Smoking
– Frail build (body mass index less than 23)
– Alcohol use
– Fair skin
– Excessive coffee consumption ina
– Early menopause, including surgical menopause, infertility, prolonged lactation (more than 6 months).
– Sedentary lifestyle
– Medications (corticosteroids, levothyroxine, anticonvulsants, heparin)

How to diagnose osteoporosis?

Modern medicine has a fairly effective method for recognizing osteoporosis in its early stages.
X-ray and densitometry are used to diagnose osteoporosis.
Bone densitometry is mandatory for women 1-2 years after menopause.

There are a number of other signs of osteoporosis and decreased bone density. First of all, this is growth, its decrease by more than 1-1.5 cm is a signal for contacting a specialist. Another indirect sign of osteoporosis is poor posture.
In other cases, the most common symptoms of osteoporosis are characteristic pain in the thoracic and lumbar spine. Pain is aggravated after a small physical activity and a long stay in one position. Most patients with osteoporosis complain of a significant decrease in performance and increased fatigue.
If you experience any pain or discomfort in the bones, you should immediately consult a specialist for osteoporosis.

OSTEOPOROSIS TREATMENT

For the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis, depending on its severity and severity, Vodnikov Orthopedics and Traumatology Center prescribes treatment with zoledronic acid.

Zoledronic acid is a highly effective bisphosphonate that selectively acts on bone tissue, inhibiting the destruction of bone tissue.
The action of zoledronic acid on bone tissue is based on its high affinity for mineralized bone tissue. After intravenous administration, zoledronic acid is rapidly redistributed in the bone tissue and is localized mainly in the areas of re-modeling of the bone tissue.
When using zoledronic acid in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis, there was a statistically significant reduction in the risk of fractures by 70% by the end of 3 years of treatment. In patients with osteoporosis aged 75 years and older, treatment with zoledronic acid resulted in a 61% reduction in the risk of fractures.

Treatment of osteoporosis at the Vodnikov Medical Center

Traumatologist-orthopedist appointment
Diagnosis of osteoporosis
Physician appointment
Diagnosis
Hospitalization in the Orthopedics and Traumatology Center (1 day)
Zoledronic acid treatment o
Medical supervision after the procedure

During treatment osteoporosis with zoledronic acid in patients, there was a rapid and prolonged therapeutic response.