How does chronic low back pain affect weight in older adults. What is the connection between weight gain and back pain. Can losing weight alleviate back pain symptoms. How does obesity impact spinal health in people over 50. What lifestyle changes can help manage both weight and back pain.

The Complex Interplay Between Back Pain and Weight Gain

The relationship between back pain and weight gain is multifaceted, especially in adults over 50 years of age. While it’s commonly assumed that weight gain leads to back pain, emerging research suggests the connection may work both ways. Chronic low back pain can potentially contribute to weight gain through various mechanisms, creating a challenging cycle for many individuals.

Is chronic back pain a direct cause of weight gain? While not a direct cause, persistent back pain can indirectly lead to weight gain through:

• Reduced physical activity due to pain and discomfort
• Changes in eating habits as a coping mechanism
• Altered sleep patterns affecting metabolism
• Medication side effects that may increase appetite or slow metabolism

Understanding this bidirectional relationship is crucial for developing effective strategies to manage both conditions simultaneously.

The Impact of Excess Weight on Spinal Health

Carrying excess body weight places additional stress on the musculoskeletal system, particularly the spine. This increased load can exacerbate existing back pain or contribute to the development of new pain.

How does obesity affect spinal health? Obesity impacts spinal health through:

1. Increased pressure on intervertebral discs
2. Greater stress on spinal joints and ligaments
3. Altered posture and biomechanics
4. Chronic inflammation throughout the body
5. Increased risk of degenerative disc disease

For adults over 50, these effects can be particularly pronounced as age-related changes in the spine compound the impact of excess weight.

Chronic Low Back Pain and Its Effects on Physical Activity

Chronic low back pain often leads to a decrease in physical activity, which can contribute to weight gain over time. This reduction in movement creates a challenging cycle where pain limits exercise, leading to weight gain, which in turn can worsen back pain.

Why does chronic back pain often result in reduced physical activity? Several factors contribute:

• Fear of exacerbating pain through movement
• Decreased mobility and flexibility
• Fatigue and reduced energy levels
• Depression and anxiety associated with chronic pain

Breaking this cycle requires a multifaceted approach that addresses both pain management and strategies to increase safe, appropriate physical activity.

The Role of Diet and Nutrition in Managing Back Pain and Weight

Diet plays a crucial role in both weight management and inflammation control, which can impact back pain. Adopting a balanced, nutrient-rich diet can support overall health and potentially alleviate some back pain symptoms.

Which dietary changes can help manage both weight and back pain?

• Increasing intake of anti-inflammatory foods (e.g., fatty fish, leafy greens, berries)
• Reducing consumption of processed foods and added sugars
• Ensuring adequate protein intake to support muscle health
• Staying hydrated to promote intervertebral disc health
• Incorporating calcium and vitamin D-rich foods for bone health

A balanced diet not only supports weight management but also provides essential nutrients for musculoskeletal health and pain reduction.

Exercise Strategies for Adults with Chronic Back Pain

Regular exercise is crucial for managing both weight and back pain, but it can be challenging for those with chronic pain. Developing a safe and effective exercise routine is essential for breaking the cycle of pain and inactivity.

Which types of exercises are beneficial for adults with chronic back pain?

• Low-impact cardiovascular activities (e.g., swimming, walking, stationary cycling)
• Core strengthening exercises to support the spine
• Gentle stretching and flexibility work
• Yoga or Pilates adapted for back pain
• Gradual strength training under professional guidance

The key is to start slowly and progressively increase intensity and duration as tolerated. Working with a physical therapist or certified fitness professional can ensure exercises are performed safely and effectively.

Sleep Quality: The Overlooked Factor in Weight and Pain Management

Sleep plays a vital role in both weight management and pain perception. Chronic back pain often disrupts sleep, which can lead to hormonal imbalances that affect appetite and metabolism, potentially contributing to weight gain.

How does improving sleep quality benefit both weight management and back pain?

• Regulates hunger hormones, reducing overeating
• Enhances recovery and repair of tissues
• Improves pain tolerance and mood
• Increases energy for physical activity
• Supports overall metabolic health

Implementing good sleep hygiene practices and addressing sleep disorders can be an essential component of managing both weight and chronic back pain.

Psychological Factors: The Mind-Body Connection in Pain and Weight

The psychological impact of chronic back pain can significantly influence weight management. Stress, anxiety, and depression associated with persistent pain can lead to emotional eating, reduced motivation for physical activity, and disrupted sleep patterns.

How do psychological factors contribute to the relationship between back pain and weight gain?

• Emotional eating as a coping mechanism for pain and stress
• Decreased motivation for self-care and healthy habits
• Altered perception of pain intensity
• Reduced engagement in social and physical activities
• Disrupted sleep patterns due to anxiety and depression

Addressing the psychological aspects of chronic pain through cognitive-behavioral therapy, mindfulness practices, or other mental health interventions can be crucial in managing both pain and weight.

The Impact of Medication on Weight Management

Many medications used to manage chronic back pain can have side effects that impact weight. Understanding these potential effects is essential for developing a comprehensive treatment plan.

Which common back pain medications can affect weight?

• Opioids: May lead to hormone imbalances and decreased activity
• Corticosteroids: Can cause fluid retention and increased appetite
• Some antidepressants: May affect metabolism and appetite
• Gabapentin and pregabalin: Can cause weight gain in some individuals

Working closely with healthcare providers to monitor medication effects and adjust treatment plans as needed is crucial for managing both pain and weight effectively.

The Benefits of a Multidisciplinary Approach

Managing the complex relationship between chronic back pain and weight gain often requires a multidisciplinary approach. Integrating various healthcare professionals can provide comprehensive care addressing all aspects of these interrelated issues.

Which specialists can contribute to a multidisciplinary treatment plan?

• Pain management physicians
• Physical therapists
• Registered dietitians
• Psychologists or psychiatrists
• Sleep specialists
• Exercise physiologists

This collaborative approach ensures that all factors contributing to both back pain and weight management are addressed holistically.

Lifestyle Modifications for Long-Term Success

Sustainable management of both chronic back pain and weight requires long-term lifestyle modifications. These changes should be gradual and tailored to individual needs and preferences.

Which lifestyle modifications can support both pain management and weight control?

• Developing a consistent sleep schedule
• Incorporating regular, gentle movement throughout the day
• Practicing stress-reduction techniques like meditation or deep breathing
• Creating an ergonomic home and work environment
• Building a support network for emotional and practical assistance

Implementing these changes gradually and consistently can lead to significant improvements in both pain levels and weight management over time.

The Role of Body Composition in Back Health

While overall weight is important, body composition – specifically the ratio of muscle to fat – plays a crucial role in back health and pain management. Building and maintaining muscle mass can provide better support for the spine and improve overall functional capacity.

How does improving body composition benefit back health?

• Increased muscle mass provides better spinal support
• Improved balance and stability reduces fall risk
• Enhanced metabolism supports weight management
• Better overall functional capacity for daily activities
• Reduced strain on joints and spinal structures

Focusing on building lean muscle mass through appropriate strength training and nutrition can be an effective strategy for managing both weight and back pain.

The Importance of Personalized Treatment Plans

Given the complex and individual nature of the relationship between chronic back pain and weight gain, personalized treatment plans are essential. What works for one person may not be effective for another, emphasizing the need for tailored approaches.

Which factors should be considered when developing a personalized plan?

• Individual pain patterns and triggers
• Existing medical conditions and medications
• Personal preferences for exercise and diet
• Psychological and emotional factors
• Social and environmental influences
• Long-term goals and motivations

Regular reassessment and adjustment of treatment plans ensure ongoing effectiveness as an individual’s needs and circumstances change over time.

Emerging Treatments and Future Directions

Research into the relationship between chronic back pain and weight gain continues to evolve, with new treatments and approaches emerging. Staying informed about these developments can provide additional options for managing both conditions.

What are some promising areas of research in this field?

• Novel pain management techniques (e.g., neuromodulation)
• Personalized nutrition based on genetic profiles
• Advanced wearable technologies for pain and activity monitoring
• Targeted exercises using virtual reality
• Microbiome research for weight management and inflammation control

While many of these approaches are still in development, they offer hope for more effective, personalized management strategies in the future.

Understanding the complex relationship between chronic low back pain and weight gain in adults over 50 is crucial for developing effective management strategies. By addressing both issues simultaneously through a multidisciplinary approach, individuals can break the cycle of pain and weight gain, improving overall quality of life. Personalized treatment plans that incorporate diet, exercise, sleep hygiene, and psychological support offer the best chance for long-term success in managing both chronic back pain and weight.

Weight Gain & Back Pain

Weight gain is something several of us struggle with, but did you know weight gain may very well contribute to back pain in some individuals? Yes, this can be the case in certain individuals. The reasoning behind this issue is the fact our skeletal frame can only support so much body weight before aches and pains begin to develop. This can lead to injuries, joint pain, and back pain if the weight gain or obesity is not addressed in a timely fashion. Throughout this post, we’ll be discussing how weight gain and back pain can be correlated and what we can do to help you overcome both problems. 

Does Obesity Cause Back Pain?

Obesity causes many issues in many people. Diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, certain types of cancers, sleep disorders, heart disease, etc… The bottom line is: obesity is not good, especially when it comes to maintaining a healthy lifestyle full of wellness and longevity. Obesity typically causes back pain through the sheer act of having your body carry excess weight it’s not made for. If you’re a larger person by nature (taller or wider set), you may be able to avoid aches and pains within your back, neck, and spine if you happen to put on some extra pounds. However, if you’re already a smaller framed individual and you happen to put on extra weight, or become obese, you may end up feeling the effects of your weight gain that much more. If you think of the human body and frame the same way you think of any other structure; there can only be so much weight applied to a “structure” before things start to happen. Applying this same principle to our bodies is a good way of understanding how weight gain can affect the back, neck, and spine. It all comes down to increased tension and stress on the joints, muscles, and nerves.

How Does Losing Weight Potentially Help Back Pain?

Losing weight may potentially help your back pain through the exact opposite effect of gaining weight. As your weight is reduced back to a healthy amount based on your gender, height, age, etc…; you’ll most likely begin to notice many improvements in your overall lifestyle, including your back pain possibly improving. Excess weight, or obesity, can really begin to take a toll on the human body if it’s not addressed efficiently and effectively over time.

Effective Ways to Lose Weight

Below are some ways to lose weight and begin a journey towards a healthier lifestyle where your back pain may be improved upon.

Exercise

Exercise, especially lighter forms of exercise (swimming is a great example), can be very beneficial for losing weight and building up strength and stamina once again. Starting off slow and steady can help you reach higher goals when it comes to a healthy exercise routine. Even just taking walks around the block with family or friends everyday is a great starting point to stand up and start moving.

Eliminating Added Sugars

When you consume large amounts of added sugars on a daily basis, you’re going to most likely see weight gain. Natural sugars such as those from whole fruits are much more tolerated by our bodies due to the larger amounts of fiber to help us maintain better blood-sugar levels as we eat said fruits. Now, when you consume a sugary soda beverage, you’re consuming liquified sugar; sometimes in excess of 40g of sugar per serving. This is a lot of sugar to consume every single day. This type of sugar can make you much more prone to gaining weight over time. Eliminating added sugars from your diet may help you lose weight just from modifying your diet to a healthier baseline.

Cutting Out Alcohol & Cigarettes

Alcohol and cigarettes can cause us to lose stamina, have an increased risk of cancer, and may promote an unhealthy lifestyle altogether. When you consume larger quantities of alcohol on a daily basis, you run the risk of gaining weight through improper food choices or even developing a “beer belly”. Smokers who smoke on a daily basis may find their lungs are unable to keep up with an exercise routine due to decreased capacity and stamina. This may prevent you from successfully achieving your workout goals over time and could lead to a sedentary lifestyle where you just can’t keep up with cardio-based exercises. On top of all this, alcohol and cigarettes can lead to cancers forming throughout the body. Make the right decisions today and start leading a healthier lifestyle. Your body will thank you for it later.

Eating Healthy, Whole Foods

When you choose to eat healthy, whole, real foods on a daily basis; you’re providing your body with the right nourishment it needs to be its best. We’re made to consume fresh foods from the earth. Prior to the 1900s, very little food was pre packaged and processed. The closer we can be to the original food consumption of yesteryears, the better in most cases.

Drinking Water in Place of Sugary Beverages

If you have to choose between water and a sugar-ladened beverage, you’ll want to choose water. Our bodies are made up of anywhere from 55-70% water. It only makes sense as to why if you’re chronically dehydrated from drinking sugary beverages, you’d start to experience the effects of dehydration. Additionally, sugary beverages just don’t fulfill the quotas we need to live a healthy lifestyle. Water is king when it comes to a healthy beverage. Around 75% of Americans are chronically dehydrated, so please try not to fall into that statistic by maintaining a healthy hydration level. 

Benefits of Losing Weight On the Back, Neck, & Spine

The benefits of losing weight for the back, neck, and spine are typically great. As pressure eases up on these vulnerable areas, you’ll often see increased mobility, flexibility, and lesser amounts of pain and discomfort. 

Reduced Pressure On Joints

When you lose weight and become closer towards your healthy body weight, you may see reduced pressure on joints throughout your body. This can help with aches, pains, and discomfort. Our joints help us move throughout the day, so anything you can do to make their job easier will most likely result in a better system of movement for your body.

Reduced Inflammation from a Better Diet

When you consume a healthier, whole food diet; your body will typically have less inflammation. Anti-inflammatory foods help your body’s inflammation levels. Sugary, processed, artificial foods do the opposite. When you have a reduction in your body’s inflammation, you’re most likely going to experience a reduction in aches and pains.

Better Stamina When Exercising

When you’re losing weight over time thanks to a better diet and lifestyle, you’re more likely to see an improvement in your stamina while exercising. This is simply due to not having to lug around all of that excess weight and helping your body operate at a much higher performance level thanks to cutting out poor lifestyle habits (added sugars, smoking, drinking, obesity, etc…). All in all, the better you can perform when exercising, the better off you’ll be when it comes to reaching your wellness goals.

Contact Us at Neurosurgery & Spine Consultants for an Evaluation, Today!

If you’re searching for ways to help your back, neck, and spine pain; you’ll want to reach out to us here at Neurosurgery & Spine Consultants. We’re the experts in physical therapy, nutritional-based recommendations, and surgical procedures to help you overcome your pain and discomfort. We always treat surgical procedures as a last resort option and want all of our patients to experience health and wellness. If you’re interested in an initial consultation with our board-certified doctors, please feel free to fill out the form below and we’ll be sure to respond to your message as soon as possible. We look forward to hearing from you soon and we’re eager to begin helping you on your way to a healthier, pain-free lifestyle!

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7 Bad Habits That Cause Back Pain

Back pain will affect about 80 percent of us at some point in our lives, according to the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS). It often results from repeated behaviors that stress your body.

If you’re battling back pain now — or if you want to take steps to prevent an achy back — make an effort to avoid these seven bad habits:

1. Not exercising. “The failure to perform any exercise, particularly abdominal strengthening exercises, may lead to poor posture and increased low back pain,” says Nancy E. Epstein, MD, chief of neurosurgical spine and education at Winthrop-University Hospital in Mineola, New York. Good exercises for back pain prevention include Pilates or other core strengthening activities that can increase stability in the back muscles. A 2015 Cochrane review found some scientific evidence that Pilates can help with low back pain, though it’s not clear if Pilates is better than the other forms of recommended exercises. Cardiovascular exercises such as swimming, walking, and bicycling are also recommended, along with movements that improve flexibility.
2. Having poor posture. “Poor posture can add strain to muscles and put stress on the spine,” says Tae M. Shin, MD, a board-certified orthopedic surgeon at the Los Angeles Orthopaedic Center. Over time, he adds, the stress of poor posture can actually change the anatomical characteristics of the spine. To avoid back injuries, try to stand with your knees slightly bent, and place one foot forward to take pressure off the lower back and reduce back strain. When sitting, Dr. Shin advises sitting with your hips slightly higher than your knees.
3. Lifting incorrectly. Often back injuries occur when we try to lift heavy objects and do so incorrectly. Bend your knees and use the power of your legs, keeping the weight close to the body; keep your head down and back straight, and be sure to avoid twisting.
4. Being overweight. Keep your weight under control for back pain prevention. You’re more likely to suffer from low back pain if you are overweight or obese, or quickly gain a significant amount of weight, according to NINDS. “Being overweight, especially in the mid-section, shifts your entire center of gravity forward and puts additional strain on your back muscles,” Shin says. Try to stay within 10 pounds of your ideal weight to avoid experiencing unnecessary back pain, suggests the North American Spine Society. Exercise and a healthy diet can help move you toward this goal.
5. Smoking. Nicotine restricts blood flow to the disks that cushion your vertebrae and increases the rate of degeneration, Shin says. This loss of cushioning can cause back pain. Cigarette smoking also reduces calcium absorption and prevents new bone growth, leaving smokers with an increased risk for osteoporosis (brittle, fragile bones) and slower healing after bone fractures, which can cause back pain, according to NINDS. Additionally, coughing from heavy smoking can cause back pain.
6. Not getting enough calcium and vitamin D. These nutrients are essential for bone strength. If you don’t get enough calcium and vitamin D in your daily diet (your body also synthesizes vitamin D in response to sun exposure), discuss the possibility of supplements with your doctor.
7. Being sedentary. Limiting activity as a means of pain management when you’re experiencing back pain can be counterproductive. Activity increases blood flow to the affected area, decreasing inflammation and reducing muscle tension, Shin says. Research shows that people who continue with their normal daily activities after experiencing low back pain may have better back flexibility than those who rest in bed for a week, according to NINDS. Prolonged bed rest can may also increase pain and potentially lead to complications, including depression, blood clots in the legs, and decreased muscle tone.

When you’re in the throes of back pain or simply want to ward it off, avoiding these habits will help protect and strengthen your back and your entire body.

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Back pain in women

What kind of back pain can be in women

Depending on the cause, the pain may be episodic or constant, sharp, shooting or aching. It can subside when changing position or, conversely, only increase with time, appear with reference to the day of the menstrual cycle or randomly.

Most often, back pain in women does not occur in isolation: it is accompanied by pain in the abdomen, perineum, legs or buttocks.

Severe low back pain that does not go away or increases within a few hours may indicate serious pathological processes that require immediate medical attention.

Causes of back pain in women

Quite often, back pain in women is caused by disorders or features of the organs of the reproductive and urinary systems. Unpleasant sensations can not only speak of an inflammatory process, but also accompany physiological processes.

The back, with inflammation or irritation in the abdomen, can hurt due to irradiation – the ability of the nervous system to propagate the nerve impulse from the source of irritation to the elements of the nervous system that are located along the nerve. Pain can occur not only in the abdomen or back, but also in the perineum, buttocks or legs.

Pathologies associated with the functioning of the musculoskeletal system are also not uncommon – they can be caused both by increased stress on the spine and joints in certain periods of a woman’s life (pregnancy, motherhood), and hormonal changes.

Pathologies of the organs of the reproductive system

Endometriosis is a condition in which the tissue lining the uterus (endometrium) grows and extends beyond its organ. The process can spread to the ovaries, fallopian tubes, urinary tract, intestines and other areas. This condition is often accompanied by painful cramps during menstruation and sexual intercourse, as well as during bowel movements or urination on certain days of the cycle. The causes of endometriosis are still unknown – presumably, it develops against the background of hormonal changes or anatomical features of the organs of the reproductive system.

Treatment is aimed at reducing pain with drugs (painkillers or hormonal drugs) or surgery.

Endometriosis – germination of the endometrium in the muscular layer of the uterus and other organs

Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a more severe form of premenstrual syndrome (PMS), which causes severe pain in the lower abdomen and lower back, disturbed psycho-emotional state.

The disorder can presumably be provoked by various factors, from changes in hormonal levels during the cycle to an imbalance of chemical elements and lifestyle.

Treatment may include hormonal birth control or calcium, magnesium, vitamin B6 supplements. In some cases, antidepressants and work with a psychologist are indicated.

Depending on your symptoms, your doctor may order a number of tests to rule out conditions such as anemia, endometriosis, thyroid disorders, or irritable bowel syndrome.

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Decrease in hormone levels during menopause

With age, a woman’s body undergoes a natural process of reproductive function extinction. It is accompanied by a decrease in the production of hormones that provided the processes necessary for conception and gestation, and this, in turn, can lead to impaired blood circulation in tissues, changes in the musculoskeletal system and other processes. As a result, tissues receive less nutrition, bones become more fragile, and joints more vulnerable. The musculoskeletal system in women in menopause is more prone to microtrauma: sprains, dislocations, fractures and cracks can occur even with a slight external impact.

Due to the decrease in hormone levels during menopause, bones and joints become more vulnerable

With signs of diseases of the musculoskeletal system and other changes in women during menopause and postmenopause, the doctor prescribes tests to assess metabolic processes and the functioning of internal organs. If necessary, instrumental studies (ultrasound, x-ray) and consultations of narrow specialists are prescribed.

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Treatment includes pain relief, physiotherapy and hormone replacement therapy.

Ectopic pregnancy

An ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilized egg attaches itself not in the uterus, but outside it – to the walls of the fallopian tube, cervix or abdominal cavity. With this arrangement, the normal development of the fetus is impossible, and there is also a high threat to the health and reproductive function of the mother. An ectopic pregnancy is accompanied by severe pain in the abdomen and back, bleeding, and in some cases loss of consciousness.

If you suspect an ectopic pregnancy, you should contact your gynecologist or obstetrician as soon as possible. To make a diagnosis, transvaginal ultrasound and analysis for “pregnancy hormones” – hCG and progesterone are used.

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Treatment involves immediate surgical intervention: an ectopic pregnancy is dangerous because the fallopian tube can rupture and cause severe internal bleeding.

Diseases of the urinary tract

Pyelonephritis (inflammation of the kidneys) and urolithiasis (kidney stones) are diseases that occur more often in women than in men, due to anatomical features: a shorter and wider urethra, through which bacteria penetrate more quickly, and the proximity of the vagina and anus, in which these bacteria can accumulate.

Low back pain is one of the main signs of pathology. It can be pulling or aching (this usually occurs and subsides periodically) or very sharp (this usually does not go away on its own and requires emergency medical care).

Pyelonephritis pain may be aching or very sharp

If you suspect a disease of the urinary system, you should contact a urologist or nephrologist. The doctor will prescribe tests and instrumental studies (ultrasound, X-ray examination, computed tomography, including the use of a contrast agent) to make a diagnosis and choose a treatment strategy.

Depending on the pathology and the degree of its severity, treatment can be either medical or surgical. Treatment for kidney diseases is mandatory: they do not go away on their own, intensify over time and lead to dangerous complications.

Diseases of the pancreas

Different types of pancreatitis – inflammation of the pancreas – are accompanied by pain in the abdomen, radiating to the back. Along with this, nausea and vomiting, a decrease in blood pressure and a slight increase in temperature are possible. If you suspect a disease, you need to contact a gastroenterologist – he will conduct an examination and prescribe tests and instrumental studies.

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Treatment of pancreatic diseases, depending on the diagnosis and stage of development of the pathology, may include diet, drug therapy aimed at pain relief and spasm relief, antiemetics. In some cases, antibiotics are prescribed.

Traumatic injuries

Traumatic injuries of the lower back in women are not uncommon – they are especially common in young mothers and pregnant women. This is due to a very high load on the spine during pregnancy and after childbirth (due to the fact that the child has to be carried a lot), injuries during childbirth, as well as physiological changes in the body of a woman before childbirth – softening of the ligaments, divergence or displacement of bones.

Lower back pain during pregnancy and during early motherhood can be caused by a variety of pathologies – deformities of muscles and ligaments, hernias and protrusions, scoliosis (curvature of the spine), inflammation of the joints.

Deformities and sprains of muscles and ligaments. May be due to awkward movement if a woman lifts something very heavy or does not follow safety precautions when handling bulky objects.

With sprains and deformities, the pain increases during movement, muscle spasms may appear. It may hurt to walk, lean forward, or keep your back straight.

Diagnosis of deformities and sprains of muscles and ligaments is based on data from a physical examination and instrumental studies – ultrasound, X-ray, MRI of the lumbar region. If you suspect a sprain or deformity of muscles or ligaments, you should contact an orthopedic traumatologist.

Lower back pain can occur if safety precautions are not followed during strength training

Treatment is to relieve acute pain and muscle spasm – for this, ice compresses, painkillers, drugs to relieve muscle spasm (muscle relaxants) are used. It is important to let the damaged area rest so that the tissues can recover – it usually takes about 2 weeks. After that, it is important to start rehabilitation: physiotherapy exercises aimed at restoring muscle function are shown.

Without treatment, deformities and sprains lead to limited mobility: trying not to injure the damaged area, a person reduces activity, which can lead to weight gain, reduced bone strength and loss of muscle mass.

Intervertebral disc pathologies. Intervertebral discs are fibrocartilaginous plates with jelly-like contents located between the vertebrae. They act as shock-absorbing pillows for the vertebrae, ensuring their mobility. Discs can become dislodged (protrusions) or rupture (herniated), causing severe pain and limiting spinal mobility.

Herniated discs and protrusions can occur in people with a weak muscular frame and overweight, in those who lead a sedentary lifestyle or lift weights. Smokers are more prone to pathologies of the intervertebral discs.

Treatment consists in relieving pain and inflammation – for this, rest, painkillers, ointments and compresses on the inflamed area are recommended. Your doctor may prescribe physical therapy or a course of exercise therapy. With moderate damage, the disc can recover if the cause of the hernia or protrusion is excluded, for example, by strengthening the muscle corset, reducing weight, or eliminating excessive stress on the spine.

Lumbar scoliosis (curvature of the spine) is a displacement of the spinal column to the right or left relative to the vertical axis. Pathology leads to increased pressure on certain areas of the intervertebral discs and vertebrae, as well as to pinching of tissues and nerve fibers. Scoliosis can cause severe pain in the lower back on the right or left – where there is a lot of load – and severely limit the mobility of the spine.

Scoliosis (curvature) of the spine can cause severe pain in the part of the lower back where there is a large load

Scoliosis can occur due to the weakening of the muscular corset in the absence of sufficient physical activity, a sedentary lifestyle. In young mothers, scoliosis can develop due to carrying the baby with one hand resting on the thigh or due to sleeping on the side while breastfeeding at night.

Treatment involves the introduction of balanced physical activity (physiotherapy, swimming), massage and manual therapy, physiotherapy to strengthen muscles, such as electrical stimulation. With severe injuries, wearing a corset is indicated, which helps maintain the correct position of the spine.

Arthritis and arthrosis – inflammation and degenerative processes in the joints of the spine – can also cause severe back pain. There are many forms of arthritis, among them osteoarthritis (damage to cartilage and adjacent tissues).

Arthritis can be caused by natural aging, genetic predisposition, autoimmune disease, vitamin and mineral deficiencies, and increased stress.

Treatment of arthritis, depending on the form, may include the use of non-steroidal and steroidal anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs, physiotherapy (magnetic therapy, electrophoresis), therapeutic massage, physiotherapy exercises.

How to determine the cause of back pain

If the lower back hurts, the causes may be different, which means that the treatment tactics will be different.

At the appointment, the doctor will conduct an examination, determine the cause of the pain and give recommendations for treatment. This will help eliminate dangerous conditions and prevent the development of complications.

Which doctor to contact with a complaint of back pain

If back pain appeared after an injury, a fall or an unusual physical activity, you need to contact an orthopedic traumatologist. If the cause of the pain is not clear, it is recommended to start the examination with a therapist: he will conduct primary studies and determine which specialist should be contacted for more detailed diagnosis and treatment.

Pathologies of the organs of the reproductive system are treated by a gynecologist or an obstetrician-gynecologist. Diseases of the urinary system are treated by a urologist or nephrologist. Gastroenterologist deals with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

What to do for back pain

If the pain occurs due to severe physical overwork or injury, the back should be given a rest – perhaps this will be enough for the muscles to recover and the mobility of the spine to return.

If the pain does not go away within 1-2 days or if it is very severe, you should consult a doctor to rule out dangerous conditions. While waiting for the doctor, you can try to relieve acute pain with painkillers.

Indication for immediate medical attention:

• severe, sharp pain that makes it impossible to stand or walk;
• fever or chills;
• uncontrolled bowel or bladder emptying;
• numbness, tingling in the legs;
• severe abdominal pain;
• vaginal bleeding outside the cycle, fever, pain when urinating.

Diagnosis of pathologies that can cause back pain in women

If you suspect kidney disease , you should contact a urologist, nephrologist or general practitioner. The doctor will analyze complaints and conduct a physical examination, and then prescribe laboratory and instrumental studies to clarify the diagnosis.

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Based on blood and urine tests, the doctor will be able to determine if there is inflammation in the organs of the urinary system, and ultrasound and X-ray studies will help visualize the organs, determine the cause of pain and choose the most effective treatment tactics.

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If necessary, the doctor will refer you for instrumental studies (ultrasound, x-ray, MRI) or recommend contacting a specialist for further diagnosis and treatment.

If diseases of the reproductive system are suspected , they turn to a gynecologist or an obstetrician-gynecologist. The doctor will conduct an examination and prescribe a series of laboratory and instrumental studies to determine the cause of the pain and exclude sexual infections, such as gonorrhea or chlamydia.

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If you suspect a pathology of the musculoskeletal system , you should contact a neurologist and an orthopedic traumatologist.

Diagnosis is carried out during a physical examination and using instrumental methods: magnetic resonance therapy, computed tomography, X-ray and ultrasound. It is also possible to prescribe a myelogram (this is an X-ray or CT scan with a contrast agent that is injected into the spinal canal) and electromyography – a study that allows you to assess the condition of nerve and muscle fibers.

If necessary, the doctor will prescribe tests to rule out inflammation and mineral deficiency.

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Treatment of pathologies that can cause back pain in women

Tactics of treatment for back pain in women depends on what caused the pain. In pathologies of the musculoskeletal system, muscle relaxants, injections of corticosteroid drugs are prescribed. Reproductive system disorders are treated with hormonal contraceptives, premenstrual disorders with antidepressants and compensation for vitamin and mineral deficiencies. In some cases, surgical operations are indicated.

How to relieve back pain at home

If low back pain is caused by back strain or menstruation, you can try to relieve it yourself.

Ways to relieve pain at home:

• paracetamol or ibuprofen based painkillers;
• exercises for gentle stretching of the muscles of the lower back;
• massages, including self-massage and myofascial release roll exercises;
• Pillows and bolsters – these can be placed under the lower back or between the knees in a side-lying position to take a comfortable position.

If the pain does not go away within 1-2 days or gets worse, you should consult a doctor to prevent dangerous complications.

Prophylaxis

The main recommendation for the prevention of low back pain is to follow safety precautions when lifting heavy objects, maintaining a strong muscle corset, as well as healthy bones and joints. To exclude diseases of internal organs, it is recommended to undergo regular examinations by a gynecologist and other specialists.

Prevention of back sprains and microtraumas:

• a varied diet that includes vitamins and minerals needed to maintain healthy bones, muscles and joints;
• maintaining a healthy weight;
• regular physical activity: exercises to prevent back pain should include strength training to develop the muscular frame, stretching to relieve muscle clamps and muscle spasms, and cardio training to maintain blood supply and tissue nutrition;
• compliance with safety regulations during sports activities – for example, the first classes in the gym must be supervised by a qualified trainer;
• household safety – many injuries can be avoided by wearing comfortable shoes, holding on to the railing on the stairs, taking your time when the street is slippery;
• compliance with safety precautions when lifting weights – the load on the spine will be less if you approach the object as close as possible (do not reach for it), and when lifting objects from the floor, bend your legs, and not tilt the body.

Smoking impairs blood circulation and impairs tissue nutrition, which increases the risk of damage and injury.

Lower back pain – what to do, causes in men and women

What can be pain in the lower back

Low back pain can be sharp or aching, come on suddenly or increase gradually, appear with exertion or certain movements (for example, bending over), or persist regardless of what the person is doing.

Pain may be pinpoint or radiating (i.e. spreading to other areas). At the same time, a person has pain not only in the back in the lumbar region, but also in other parts of the body, such as the lower abdomen, perineum, leg or buttock.

Low back pain may present with stiffness or muscle spasms. It may be difficult for a person to bend over or rise from a lying position, stand with a straight back, or maintain good posture while walking.

If the pain is caused by a muscle spasm or a pinched nerve, it can be unbearable and even disabling. Such pain forces you to stay in bed until medical attention is received.

Why does the lower back hurt

The most common cause of back pain is one or another pathology of the musculoskeletal system: sprains, pinching, inflammation. They are often found in men who work with their hands, athletes, young mothers.

Also, discomfort in the lower back can be a sign of acute or chronic diseases of the internal organs. This is due to the fact that pain impulses are able to be transmitted along nerve fibers to neighboring regions. In this case, they say that the pain “gives” to the lower back.

Diseases of the musculoskeletal system causing back pain

Most often, back pain is caused by injuries and pathologies of the musculoskeletal system – sprains of muscles and ligaments, spinal injuries, hernia and protrusion of the intervertebral discs, inflammation of the joints, diseases of the bone tissue.

Deformities and sprains of muscles and ligaments

Such injuries can occur due to awkward movement if a person lifts something very heavy or does not follow safety precautions when working with bulky objects. You can also get injured while playing sports or if you just sneeze unsuccessfully.

Lower back pain can occur if lifting heavy objects without proper safety precautions

With sprains and deformities, the pain increases during movement, muscle spasms may appear. It may be painful for a person to walk, lean forward, or keep their back straight.

Diagnosis of deformities and sprains of muscles and ligaments is based on data from a physical examination and instrumental studies – ultrasound, X-ray, MRI of the lumbar region. If you suspect a sprain or deformity of muscles or ligaments, you should contact an orthopedic traumatologist.

Treatment is to relieve acute pain and muscle spasm – for this, ice compresses, painkillers, drugs to relieve muscle spasm (muscle relaxants) are used. It is important to let the damaged area rest so that the tissues can recover – it usually takes about 2 weeks. After that, it is important to start rehabilitation: physiotherapy exercises aimed at restoring muscle function are shown.

Without treatment, deformities and sprains lead to limited mobility: trying not to injure the damaged area, a person reduces activity, which can lead to weight gain, reduced bone strength and loss of muscle mass.

Spinal injuries

An injury (usually a fracture) to one or more vertebrae resulting from falls, accidents, sports or domestic injuries. In people with bone density disorders (for example, osteoporosis), such damage can be caused by even a minor impact.

Treatment of spinal injuries is to prevent displacement and further deformation of the vertebral discs. If the damage is not severe, it is recommended to sleep on a hard surface and limit physical activity. If the damage is significant, surgical methods are used for fixation.

Without treatment, damage to the vertebral discs can cause stenosis (narrowing) of the spinal canal, neurological disorders, including sciatica – pinching of nerve fibers extending from the spine.

Pathologies of intervertebral discs

Intervertebral discs are fibrocartilaginous plates with jelly-like contents located between the vertebrae. They act as shock-absorbing pillows for the vertebrae, ensuring their mobility. Discs can become dislodged (protrusions) or rupture (herniated), causing severe pain and limiting spinal mobility.

Herniated discs and protrusions can occur in people with a weak muscular frame and overweight, in those who lead a sedentary lifestyle or lift weights. Smokers are more prone to pathologies of the intervertebral discs.

Herniated disc – protrusion of the intervertebral disc into the spinal canal

Treatment consists in relieving pain and inflammation – for this, rest, painkillers, ointments and compresses on the inflamed area are recommended. Your doctor may prescribe physical therapy or a course of exercise therapy. With moderate damage, the disc can recover if the cause of the hernia or protrusion is excluded – for example, by strengthening the muscle corset, reducing weight and not putting excessive stress on the spine.

If the back pain is so severe that it interferes with daily activities, does not subside within 1-1. 5 months, or if the symptoms worsen, you need to see your doctor again. In some cases, steroid therapy or even surgery may be required.
With age, the development of a degenerative disease of the intervertebral discs is possible – they become flatter and perform a worse shock-absorbing function, which can also cause pain. In this case, the treatment includes pain relief and general recovery of the body.

Scoliosis of the lumbar spine

Scoliosis (curvature) of the spine is a displacement of the spinal column to the right or left relative to the vertical axis. Pathology leads to increased pressure on certain areas of the intervertebral discs and vertebrae, as well as to pinching of tissues and nerve fibers. Scoliosis can cause severe pain in the lower back on the right or left – where there is a lot of load – and severely limit the mobility of the spine.

Scoliosis (curvature) of the spine can cause severe pain in the part of the lower back where there is a large load

Scoliosis can occur due to weakening of the muscular corset in the absence of sufficient physical activity, sedentary lifestyle (in schoolchildren, office workers). In this case, it is difficult for the muscles to maintain the physiological position of the back and curvatures are formed.

Treatment involves the introduction of balanced physical activity (physiotherapy, swimming), massage and manual therapy, physiotherapy to strengthen muscles, such as electrical stimulation. With severe injuries, wearing a corset is indicated, which helps maintain the correct position of the spine.

Arthritis and arthrosis

Inflammation and degenerative processes in the joints of the spine can also cause severe back pain. There are many forms of arthritis, among them are osteoarthritis (damage to cartilage and adjacent tissues), ankylosing spondylitis (Bekhterev’s disease – damage to the joints of the spine, which leads to fusion of the vertebrae).

Arthritis can be caused by natural aging, genetic predisposition, autoimmune diseases.

Treatment of arthritis, depending on the form, may include the use of non-steroidal and steroidal anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs, physiotherapy procedures (magnetic therapy, electrophoresis), therapeutic massage, physiotherapy exercises.

Physiotherapy treatments help relieve pain in joint pathologies

Spondylolisthesis

Displacement of a vertebra relative to the spinal column (spondylolisthesis) occurs as a result of trauma or degenerative processes in the spine. Pathology occurs in athletes, older people or people with a hereditary predisposition to bone diseases (for example, osteoporosis – a violation of bone density). Spondylolisthesis can lead to severe pain in the lower back, buttocks and legs, cramps or weakness in the legs.

Treatment involves the removal of pain and inflammation that occurs against the background of squeezing adjacent tissues by the vertebra. Depending on the severity of the pain syndrome, the doctor may prescribe non-hormonal painkillers in tablets or injections with corticosteroid drugs. At the same time, physiotherapeutic procedures and physiotherapy exercises are prescribed to strengthen the muscles and restore the position of the vertebrae. If spondylolisthesis is accompanied by very severe pain, surgical treatment is used.

In traumatic and non-infectious pathologies of the musculoskeletal system, back pain usually subsides or decreases when the person assumes a comfortable position.

If spondylolisthesis is accompanied by severe pain, the doctor may prescribe corticosteroid injections

Infectious diseases of the spine

Inflammation of bone tissue (osteomyelitis) and inflammation of the intervertebral disc (discitis) can cause severe back pain. These pathologies, as a rule, are of a secondary nature, that is, they arise as a complication of inflammation of other organs (the infection enters the tissues with the blood flow).

Treatment involves hospitalization, lasts up to 1 month, and then requires rehabilitation, which takes 6 to 12 months.

Tumor diseases of the spine

Neoplasms can develop under the influence of hereditary or external factors (for example, radiation), but most often occur as repeated foci (metastases) in oncological diseases of other organs – the lungs, mammary glands, prostate, thyroid gland, kidneys.

One of the most characteristic symptoms in neoplastic pathologies is pain that does not subside when changing position or after rest. Symptoms such as numbness, partial paralysis, uncontrolled urination, and a sharp increase in body temperature with chills are also possible. Without treatment, the symptoms worsen.

Treatment is based on tumor type, location, and symptoms and may include chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgical removal of the tumor. Anesthesia is carried out with non-hormonal or steroid drugs. To stabilize the spine, the doctor may prescribe the wearing of a corset.

Orthopedic corset helps to stabilize the spine

Diseases of the internal organs causing back pain

Low back pain may occur in diseases not associated with pathologies of the spine and adjacent tissues. Acute or aching, it can accompany inflammation of the internal organs: pyelonephritis, urolithiasis, abdominal aortic aneurysm. In women, pain in the lower back can develop with gynecological pathologies.

Urolithiasis

A disease in which stones form in the kidneys and bladder – solid formations from the sediment of the chemical components of urine. Back pain is one of the main signs of pathology. Depending on the size and location, kidney stones can cause dull and aching pain that comes and goes periodically, or very sharp pain that does not go away on its own and requires emergency medical attention.

Urolithiasis – formation of stones in the kidneys and bladder

If you suspect kidney stones, you should contact a urologist or nephrologist. The doctor will prescribe tests and instrumental studies (ultrasound, X-ray examination, computed tomography, including the use of a contrast agent) to make a diagnosis and choose a treatment strategy.

Treatment is prescribed taking into account the size, nature, location of stones and other factors. If the stone is small (5–10 mm), and there are no other indications for surgical removal, drug treatment is used. If there is no positive dynamics within a month, removal by non-invasive or surgical methods is recommended.

Abdominal aortic aneurysm

Weakening of the walls of the abdominal aorta (aneurysm) can lead to a life-threatening condition – rupture of the aorta and intra-abdominal bleeding. As a rule, pathology occurs in older people: at risk are men over 65 years old and women over 70 years old, including smokers, those suffering from vascular diseases (high blood pressure), having cases of aneurysms before or a hereditary predisposition to them.

Low back pain due to abdominal aortic aneurysm does not subside with time and may be accompanied by pain in the abdomen and legs.

If an aneurysm is suspected, abdominal ultrasound and computed tomography are prescribed.

Treatment depends on the size of the aneurysm. Small changes require follow-up with instrumental examination twice a year and lifestyle changes. Significant (over 5 cm, with a high risk of rupture) – are an indication for abdominal or minimally invasive surgery.

How to prevent back pain

Since low back pain is most commonly caused by traumatic injury to the muscles, fasciae, joints, or bones, the main prevention recommendation is to follow safety precautions, maintain a strong muscle core, and maintain healthy bones and joints.

Prevention of back sprains and microtraumas:

• a varied diet that includes vitamins and minerals needed to maintain healthy bones, muscles and joints;
• maintaining a healthy weight;
• regular physical activity: exercises to prevent back pain should include strength training to develop the muscular frame, stretching to relieve muscle clamps and spasms, and cardio to maintain blood circulation and tissue nutrition;
• compliance with safety regulations during sports activities – for example, the first classes in the gym must be supervised by a qualified trainer;
• household safety – many injuries can be avoided by wearing comfortable shoes, holding on to the railing on the stairs, taking your time when the street is slippery;
• compliance with safety precautions when lifting weights – the load on the spine will be less if you approach the object as close as possible (do not reach for it), and when lifting objects from the floor, bend your legs, and not tilt the body.

Yoga and Pilates classes help relieve cramps and tightness in the lower back

Smoking impairs blood circulation and impairs tissue nutrition – this increases the risk of damage and injury.

What to do if your lower back hurts

If the lower back hurts, the causes may be different, which means that the treatment tactics will be different.

In case of severe physical overwork, the back needs to be given a rest – perhaps this will be enough for the muscles to recover and the mobility of the spine to return.

If the pain does not go away within 1-2 days or if it is very severe, you need to see a doctor. While waiting for the doctor, you can try to relieve acute pain with painkillers.

At the appointment, the doctor will conduct an examination, determine the cause of the pain and give recommendations for treatment. This will help eliminate dangerous conditions and prevent the development of complications.

Warming (lumbar pepper patch, hot water heater, sauna) is contraindicated for inflammation, but can relieve acute pain in the lower back if it is caused by muscle overwork or a pinched nerve. These methods can only be used after consulting a doctor.

Which doctor to contact with a complaint of back pain

If you suspect a pathology of the musculoskeletal system, you should contact a neurologist and an orthopedic traumatologist.

Diagnosis is carried out during a physical examination and using instrumental methods: magnetic resonance therapy, computed tomography, x-ray and ultrasound. It is also possible to prescribe a myelogram (X-ray or CT scan with a contrast agent that is injected into the spinal canal) and electromyography – a study that allows you to assess the condition of nerve and muscle fibers.

If you suspect kidney disease, you should contact a urologist, nephrologist or general practitioner. The doctor will analyze complaints and conduct a physical examination, and then prescribe laboratory and instrumental studies to clarify the diagnosis.

Based on blood and urine tests, the doctor will be able to determine if there is inflammation in the organs of the urinary system, and ultrasound and X-ray studies will help visualize the organs, determine the cause of pain and choose the most effective treatment tactics.

If the origin of back pain is not clear, you should contact your general practitioner or general practitioner.

The doctor will take an anamnesis (disease history), analyze hereditary risks, conduct a physical examination and prescribe tests that will identify inflammatory processes or abnormalities in the functioning of internal organs.

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