What are febrile seizures. How are they diagnosed. What triggers febrile seizures in young children. Can febrile seizures be prevented. How should parents respond to a febrile seizure. Are febrile seizures a sign of epilepsy. What increases the risk of recurrent febrile seizures.

Understanding Febrile Seizures: An Overview

Febrile seizures are convulsions that occur in young children, typically triggered by high body temperatures. These seizures are often associated with illnesses such as colds, flu, or ear infections. While alarming for parents, it’s crucial to understand that febrile seizures do not necessarily indicate epilepsy.

Febrile seizures usually occur when a child’s body temperature rises above 101 degrees Fahrenheit (38.3 degrees Celsius). In some cases, the seizure may precede the fever, with the temperature spike becoming apparent hours later.

Key Characteristics of Febrile Seizures

• Typically affect children between 6 months and 5 years of age
• Often last between a few seconds to a few minutes
• May cause loss of consciousness or uncontrollable shaking
• Usually do not cause long-term health problems

Recognizing the Symptoms of Febrile Seizures

Identifying a febrile seizure quickly is essential for proper management. The symptoms can vary, but common signs include:

• Loss of consciousness or passing out
• Uncontrollable shaking or convulsions
• Eye rolling
• Rigid or stiff limbs
• Twitching in specific parts of the body (less common)

Do all febrile seizures present the same way? While most febrile seizures involve full-body symptoms, some children may experience localized effects, such as twitching or rigidity in only one part of the body.

Factors Influencing the Risk of Febrile Seizures

Several factors can increase a child’s likelihood of experiencing febrile seizures:

1. Age: Children younger than 18 months are at higher risk for recurrent seizures
2. Family history: A genetic predisposition can increase the chances of multiple seizures
3. Timing of onset: Seizures occurring before other illness symptoms may indicate a higher risk of recurrence
4. Temperature threshold: Children who experience seizures at relatively low temperatures are more prone to future episodes

Is there a way to predict if a child will have recurrent febrile seizures? While it’s impossible to predict with certainty, these risk factors can help healthcare providers assess the likelihood of future episodes and guide appropriate management strategies.

Diagnosing Febrile Seizures: Medical Approach

When a child experiences a febrile seizure, healthcare providers follow a specific diagnostic process to ensure proper treatment and rule out more serious conditions.

Steps in Diagnosing Febrile Seizures

1. Review of medical history
2. Physical examination
3. Blood and urine tests to determine the cause of fever
4. Assessment for signs of dehydration or meningitis

In some cases, particularly if meningitis is suspected, doctors may perform a lumbar puncture to test the cerebrospinal fluid. This procedure helps distinguish between a simple febrile seizure and a more serious infection affecting the brain and spinal cord.

When is hospitalization necessary for a child with a febrile seizure? While most children with febrile seizures can be managed at home, hospitalization may be required if:

• The seizure is prolonged (lasting more than 15 minutes)
• There’s a suspected serious infection
• The child is younger than 6 months old

Treatment and Management of Febrile Seizures

The primary goal in managing febrile seizures is ensuring the child’s safety during the episode and addressing the underlying cause of the fever. Treatment typically involves supportive care rather than specific anti-seizure medications.

Immediate Steps During a Febrile Seizure

1. Note the start time of the seizure
2. Place the child on a protected surface to prevent injury
3. Position the child on their side or stomach to prevent choking
4. Do not restrain the child or put anything in their mouth
5. Seek medical attention, especially if it’s the child’s first seizure

Should fever-reducing medications be used to prevent febrile seizures? While acetaminophen or ibuprofen can help reduce fever and provide comfort, studies have shown that these medications do not lower the risk of febrile seizures. The focus should be on managing the underlying illness causing the fever.

Long-term Outlook and Recurrence Risk

Understanding the likelihood of recurrence and long-term effects can help parents and caregivers better manage their concerns about febrile seizures.

Key Points on Prognosis

• About 40% of children who have one febrile seizure will experience another
• Most febrile seizures do not cause long-term health problems
• The risk of developing epilepsy is slightly increased in children with prolonged febrile seizures
• Simple febrile seizures (lasting less than 15 minutes) are generally harmless

Does having multiple febrile seizures increase the risk of epilepsy? While there is a slightly elevated risk, it’s important to note that the vast majority of children who experience febrile seizures do not develop epilepsy. The risk is more significant for those with prolonged seizures or other neurological conditions.

Prevention and Home Management Strategies

While it’s not always possible to prevent febrile seizures, certain strategies can help manage fever and reduce the likelihood of seizures:

1. Monitor your child’s temperature regularly during illnesses
2. Use fever-reducing medications as recommended by your healthcare provider
3. Ensure adequate hydration during illnesses
4. Create a safe environment to prevent injury in case of a seizure
5. Educate family members and caregivers on proper seizure management

Can dietary changes help prevent febrile seizures? While there’s no specific diet proven to prevent febrile seizures, maintaining overall good nutrition and hydration can support a child’s immune system and help manage illnesses that may lead to fever.

Addressing Common Concerns and Misconceptions

Parents often have many questions and concerns about febrile seizures. Addressing these can help alleviate anxiety and ensure appropriate care.

Frequently Asked Questions

• Do febrile seizures cause brain damage? Simple febrile seizures do not cause brain damage or affect a child’s development.
• Can febrile seizures be outgrown? Most children outgrow febrile seizures by the age of 5 or 6.
• Are anti-epileptic drugs necessary? In most cases, ongoing anti-epileptic medication is not recommended for febrile seizures.
• How can I tell the difference between a febrile seizure and epilepsy? Febrile seizures are triggered by fever, while epileptic seizures occur without fever and tend to be recurrent.

Is it normal to feel anxious about future febrile seizures? It’s completely natural for parents to feel anxious after witnessing their child have a seizure. However, understanding that febrile seizures are generally benign and knowing how to respond can help reduce this anxiety.

Advances in Febrile Seizure Research and Treatment

Ongoing research continues to improve our understanding and management of febrile seizures. Recent studies have focused on several key areas:

Current Research Topics

• Genetic factors contributing to febrile seizure susceptibility
• Novel approaches to fever management in high-risk children
• Long-term neurological outcomes of children with febrile seizures
• Development of predictive models for recurrence risk

How might future treatments for febrile seizures differ from current approaches? Emerging research may lead to more targeted interventions, such as personalized prevention strategies based on genetic profiles or new medications that can more effectively manage fever in susceptible children.

Participation in clinical trials can play a crucial role in advancing our knowledge of febrile seizures. These studies provide valuable insights into new treatment options and help improve care for affected children.

Benefits of Clinical Trial Participation

1. Access to cutting-edge treatments and interventions
2. Contribution to medical knowledge and improved care for future patients
3. Close monitoring by healthcare professionals
4. Potential for better understanding of individual risk factors

How can families get involved in febrile seizure research? Interested parents can inquire about ongoing clinical trials through their healthcare providers or by checking reputable online resources such as ClinicalTrials.gov.

Supporting Families Affected by Febrile Seizures

Experiencing a child’s febrile seizure can be emotionally challenging for families. Providing support and resources is essential for helping parents and caregivers cope with the experience.

Support Strategies

• Education: Provide clear, accurate information about febrile seizures
• Emotional support: Acknowledge parents’ fears and concerns
• Practical guidance: Offer concrete steps for seizure management and fever control
• Community resources: Connect families with support groups or online communities

What role do healthcare providers play in supporting families affected by febrile seizures? Healthcare providers are crucial in offering reassurance, providing accurate information, and guiding families through the experience. They can help parents understand the benign nature of most febrile seizures and develop confidence in managing future episodes.

International Perspectives on Febrile Seizure Management

Approaches to managing febrile seizures can vary across different countries and healthcare systems. Understanding these differences can provide valuable insights into best practices and areas for improvement.

Global Variations in Management

1. Diagnostic criteria and classification systems
2. Use of prophylactic medications
3. Hospitalization practices
4. Follow-up protocols
5. Parent education strategies

How do cultural factors influence the perception and management of febrile seizures? Cultural beliefs about fever and seizures can significantly impact how families respond to febrile seizures and their willingness to seek medical care. Healthcare providers must be sensitive to these cultural differences when developing management plans.

Collaborative international research efforts continue to refine our understanding of febrile seizures and promote evidence-based management strategies worldwide. These collaborations facilitate the sharing of knowledge and best practices across borders, ultimately improving care for children globally.

Technological Innovations in Febrile Seizure Monitoring

Advancements in technology are opening new possibilities for monitoring and managing febrile seizures. These innovations aim to provide more accurate data and timely interventions.

Emerging Technologies

• Wearable devices for continuous temperature monitoring
• Smartphone apps for tracking fever patterns and seizure occurrences
• AI-powered systems for predicting seizure risk based on individual factors
• Telemedicine platforms for remote consultation with healthcare providers

How might these technologies change the landscape of febrile seizure management? By providing real-time data and facilitating early intervention, these innovations could potentially reduce the frequency and severity of febrile seizures, as well as alleviate parental anxiety through improved monitoring and quick access to medical advice.

While promising, it’s important to note that many of these technologies are still in development or early stages of implementation. Their effectiveness and reliability in clinical practice will need to be thoroughly evaluated before widespread adoption.

The Role of Education in Febrile Seizure Management

Education plays a pivotal role in improving outcomes for children with febrile seizures. Proper knowledge empowers parents, caregivers, and healthcare providers to respond effectively and make informed decisions.

Key Educational Topics

1. Recognition of febrile seizure symptoms
2. Proper first aid techniques
3. Understanding of risk factors and recurrence likelihood
4. Differentiation between febrile seizures and other seizure types
5. Appropriate use of fever-reducing medications

How can healthcare systems improve education about febrile seizures? Implementing comprehensive education programs that include hands-on training, informational materials, and follow-up support can significantly enhance understanding and management of febrile seizures. These programs should target not only parents but also school staff, daycare providers, and other caregivers who may encounter children with febrile seizures.

Continuous education for healthcare providers is equally important to ensure they are up-to-date with the latest research and guidelines for managing febrile seizures. This ongoing learning helps providers offer the most current and effective care to their patients.

Psychosocial Impact of Febrile Seizures on Families

The experience of a child’s febrile seizure can have lasting psychological effects on family members. Understanding and addressing these impacts is crucial for comprehensive care.

Common Psychological Responses

• Anxiety about future seizures
• Overprotectiveness towards the affected child
• Guilt or self-blame for not preventing the seizure
• Stress related to managing the child’s health
• Impact on family dynamics and relationships

How can healthcare providers address the psychological impact of febrile seizures on families? Integrating psychological support into the care plan is essential. This may include providing counseling services, connecting families with support groups, and offering strategies for managing stress and anxiety related to their child’s health.

Long-term follow-up should include assessment of the family’s emotional well-being and provision of ongoing support as needed. By addressing both the physical and psychological aspects of febrile seizures, healthcare providers can promote better overall outcomes for affected children and their families.

Febrile Seizures | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke

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What are febrile seizures?

Febrile seizures are seizures or convulsions that occur in young children. They are triggered by fever typically above 101 degrees Fahrenheit (38.3 degrees Celsius). Seizures may happen during illnesses such as a cold, the flu, or an ear infection. In some cases, a child may not have a fever at the time of the seizure but will develop one a few hours later.

Having a febrile seizure does not mean a child has epilepsy. Epilepsy involves repeat seizures that are not triggered by fever.  

Symptoms may include:

• Loss of consciousness or passing out
• Uncontrollable shaking
• Eye rolling
• Rigid (stiff) limbs

Less commonly, a child can become rigid or have twitches in only part of the body.

Most febrile seizures last a minute or two. Yet some may only last a few seconds and others may last for more than 15 minutes.

Febrile seizures that last less than 15 minutes do not cause any long-term health problems. However, if another one happens, it is more likely to be prolonged or longer than 15 minutes. A first febrile seizure that is prolonged does not boost the risk of having more. Even prolonged seizures are generally harmless on their own, but they do carry an increased risk of developing epilepsy.

Who is more likely to get febrile seizures?

About 40 percent of children who have one febrile seizure will have another. Certain things increase the risk for more febrile seizures, including:

• Young age—Children who have their first febrile seizure when they are younger than 18 months are at an increased risk of having another one. 
• Family history—Children whose family members had febrile seizures are more likely to have more than one seizure.   
• First sign of illness—Children who have febrile seizures before exhibiting other symptoms of an illness are at greater risk of having multiple seizures.
• Low temperature—Children are more likely to have another febrile seizure if the first one was accompanied by a relatively low temperature.

How are febrile seizures diagnosed and treated?

Diagnosing febrile seizures

To diagnose febrile seizures in infants and children, healthcare providers will review a child’s medical history and perform a physical exam. They often test blood and urine to help pinpoint the cause of the fever. Keep in mind that dehydration from severe diarrhea or vomiting can cause seizures. 

Meningitis, an infection of the membranes surrounding the brain, can cause both fever and seizures that can look like febrile seizures but are much more serious. If meningitis is suspected, health care providers may remove and test a small amount of the fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord.  

Most of the time, children who have febrile seizures will not need to be in the hospital. Healthcare providers may recommend hospitalization if:

• The seizure is prolonged
• The child has a serious infection
• The child is younger than 6 months of age

Treating febrile seizures

Parents and caregivers should remain calm, take first aid measures, and carefully watch the child. During a febrile seizure, parents and caregivers should:

• Note the start time of the seizure. If it lasts longer than five minutes, call an ambulance. The child should be taken right away to the nearest medical facility.
• Call an ambulance if the seizure is less than five minutes but the child does not seem to be recovering quickly.
• Gradually place the child on a protected surface such as the floor to prevent injury. Do not restrain or hold a child during a convulsion.
• Put the child on his or her side or stomach to prevent choking. When possible, gently remove any objects from the child’s mouth. Nothing should ever be placed in the child’s mouth during a seizure. These objects can block airway and make it hard to breathe.
• Seek immediate medical attention if this is the child’s first febrile seizure. Once it is over, take the child to the doctor to check for the cause of the fever. This is especially urgent if the child shows these symptoms of meningitis, an infection over the brain surface, which can include stiff neck, extreme lethargy, or a lot of vomiting.

Drugs that lower fevers such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen may provide comfort yet studies show that treating a fever does not lower the risk of febrile seizure. Healthcare providers may recommend other medications to control seizures if needed.

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Learn About Clinical Trials

Clinical trials are studies that allow us to learn more about disorders and improve care. They can help connect patients with new and upcoming treatment options.

How can I or my loved one help improve care for people with febrile seizures?

Consider participating in a clinical trial so clinicians and scientists can learn more about febrile seizures and related disorders. Clinical research uses human volunteers to help researchers learn more about a disorder and perhaps find better ways to safely detect, treat, or prevent disease.

All types of volunteers are needed—those who are healthy or may have an illness or disease—of all different ages, sexes, races, and ethnicities to ensure that study results apply to as many people as possible, and that treatments will be safe and effective for everyone who will use them.

For information about participating in clinical research visit NIH Clinical Research Trials and You. Learn about clinical trials currently looking for people with febrile seizures at Clinicaltrials.gov.

Where can I find more information about febrile seizures?

Information may be available from the following resources:

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Phone: 800-232-4636

Citizens United for Research in Epilepsy (CURE)
Phone: 312-225-1801 or 844-231-2873

Epilepsy Foundation
Phone: 301-459-3700 or 800-332-1000

Learn about related topics

• Epilepsy and Seizures

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Order publications from the NINDS Catalog

The NINDS Publication Catalog offers printed materials on neurological disorders for patients, health professionals, and the general public. All materials are free of charge, and a downloadable PDF version is also available for most publications.

Seizures and hot summers | Epilepsy Society

Thank you to everyone who took part in our recent surveys looking at the impact of excessively high temperatures on seizures. These have provided us with some invaluable insight into the link between the two and will help to influence our work as we experience increasingly hot summers.

A survey carried out by the Epilepsy Society has shown that 62 per cent of people with uncontrolled seizures experience an increase in their seizure activity during unusually hot weather.

More than 1,000 people responded to our survey, including 969 people whose epilepsy does not respond to current treatments. A total of 598 of this group said that they experienced a change in their seizure activity during very hot weather. This included an increase in frequency, severity or a ‘breakthrough’ seizure even when they considered their epilepsy to be generally well controlled. 

The charity conducted its survey following the week of 21-27 June 2020, when temperatures soared above 30 degrees Celsius.  

Researchers at the charity are keen to understand more about how hot weather affects people with epilepsy and the impact that climate change might have in the future.

“Cannot sleep due to high temperatures, therefore as well as the high heat affecting my seizures ,also have to deal with sleep deprivation seizures” – respondee

Anecdotal evidence has already suggested an increase in seizure activity for children with Dravet syndrome, a severe childhood epilepsy. Dravet Syndrome UK, has shown that the unusually high temperatures of summer 2018 resulted in children with this rare condition, caused by a mutation in the SCN1A gene, experiencing more seizures and greater lethargy. 

One girl with Dravet syndrome in Australia died after being out in temperatures of 40 degrees C. Temperature changes are known to affect some genes and proteins.

But the Epilepsy Society’s survey is the first time that data has shown a direct link between excessively hot weather and seizures in a large group of people with epilepsy in the UK.  

“More extreme heat will make my seizures more frequent but also the impact of the seizures worse. And the recovery from the seizures longer” – respondee

Significantly, 40 per cent of respondees expressed concern that climate change would affect their epilepsy or the epilepsy of the person they cared for. And 75 per cent said they would like to see more research into the impact of climate change on the condition and what could be done to address it.

Taking action

Professor Sanjay Sisodiya, Director of Genomics at the Epilepsy Society said that not only did the survey capture important data about the link between temperature and seizures, but it also highlighted a growing concern among people with epilepsy that unless we take measures now to control global warming, their own health could be adversely affected.

“If the hot summers that we are experiencing now are contributing to worsening control of some people’s seizures, then we, as their doctors, need to understand that connection and take appropriate action to reduce risk by helping to tackle climate change or to mitigate its effects,” he said.

“High heat always causes my son to have breakthrough seizures” – respondee

According to research, climate change directly related to human causes such as carbon emissions make the likelihood of extreme temperatures a near certainty. Scientists warn that human influence is increasing the risk of UK summer temperatures regularly exceeding 35 degrees C.

With current emission rates, UK temperatures are likely to hit 40 degrees C every 100-350 years. Under the worst-case scenario, without mitigating greenhouse emissions, these excessive temperatures could occur every 3.5 years by 2100 (https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-16834-0).

EpiCC

Prof Sisodiya has formed an international consortium – Epilepsy Climate Change (EpiCC) – specifically to address the issue.

Earlier this year, EpiCC carried out a small, preliminary study to help them begin to understand more about people’s perceptions of climate change and how it is affecting their epilepsy.

46% of people responding said that the frequency of their seizures changed during the hot summer of 2018, while 37% said their severity altered. During the hot summer of 2019, 50 per cent reported a change in both frequency and severity. 

Over 90% said they are concerned about climate change with almost half (46%) worrying that climate change will affect their epilepsy. Almost 40% said that thinking about climate change affects their mental well being, with 86% saying it causes them anxiety and 20% depression.

The majority of respondees (87%) believe that it is the responsibility of everyone, rather than just governments, to tackle climate change. And 80% have already taken action to try to reduce their own impact on the environment. This includes recycling domestic waste, using energy efficient light bulbs, avoiding single use plastics, and turning off lights.

87% said they would consider having a remote consultation with their healthcare professional, at least some of the time, if it helped to reduce carbon emissions. And almost one in three (31%) said they felt doctors should find alternative ways to network and share research, rather than flying to international conferences which carry a heavy carbon footprint.

Prof Sisodiya and EpiCC are planning to share and generate more scientific discussion around epilepsy and climate change through a series of webinars at the end of the year. This will also provide an opportunity for people affected by epilepsy to take part in a workshop about the impact of global warming on seizures.

We will bring you further updates nearer the time.

Our longer survey

If you are concerned about the impact that climate change might have on seizures, you might like to take part in our longer survey Epilepsy and Climate Change. This will help us to understand more about the link between rising temperatures and seizure activity. It will also help us to address global warming in the most appropriate ways.

Thank you.

Febrile seizures in children aged 3 months.

– 5 y. – 5 years,
associated with fever.

At this age, the child’s brain is still insufficiently mature and more
sensitive to internal and external factors. To a greater extent
predisposed to febrile seizures are children with similar manifestations in
parents, as well as in the presence of a pathology of pregnancy and childbirth in the mother.

Febrile seizures appear in diseases that occur with high
temperature (above 38 ° C) – acute viral infection, influenza, tonsillitis, Tite,
bronchitis, pneumonia, etc. An increase in temperature, causing metabolic changes and
violations of the blood supply to the brain, increases the readiness for convulsions.

Not included in this group convulsions due to infectious diseases
nervous system (meningitis, encephalitis), as well as when the occurrence of febrile
seizures are preceded by afebrile paroxysms.

Convulsions usually occur on the first day of the rise in temperature and are manifested in
in the form of loss of consciousness with general tension of the body and twitching of the limbs.
Sometimes convulsions can be erased or predominate on one side.
body. Some children may foam at the mouth and involuntarily
urination.

Convulsions usually last 3-5 minutes. Repeated cramps throughout the day
are rare. Sometimes hours or minutes before seizures occur
the child becomes restless, clings to the mother, screams. And then general
excitation is replaced by convulsions.

Febrile convulsions are classified into simple and complex.

Simple febrile seizures account for 80-90% of all febrile seizures. Characteristic features of simple febrile seizures
are:

• single episodes,
• short duration (no more than 15 min.),
• generalized tonic-clonic, clonic or tonic
  attacks.
• As a rule, simple febrile seizures occur in normal
  developing children without focal neurological disorders.
• Simple febrile seizures are usually not complicated by transient and
  permanent neurological disorders.

Complex febrile convulsions are characterized by the following
signs:

• duration more than 15 min.,
• repeatability within 24 hours,
• focal character (convulsions predominate on one side of the body).
• Complicated febrile seizures are often followed by transient
  neurological disorders.

It is also possible to develop febrile status epilepticus – arising on
background of fever, recurrent generalized tonic-clonic seizures
lasting more than 30 min. Death from febrile status epilepticus
observed extremely rarely.

Neuropsychic development of children with febrile convulsions, as a rule,
age appropriate.

Prevention and treatment of febrile seizures. Significant
difficulties arise when deciding on the treatment of children with febrile
convulsions. In the absence of risk factors, even with repeated simple febrile
convulsions, there is no reason to prescribe antiepileptic therapy, since
the likelihood of developing epilepsy in such children is negligible.

If there are risk factors or complex febrile seizures, ask about
the appointment of antiepileptic therapy is decided individually. In this case
there is a risk of transition of febrile convulsions into epilepsy.

To prevent febrile seizures in a child with a high fever,
apply paracetamol (daily dose of 20-30 mg per kg) every 4-5 hours and
wet rubdowns with cold water or vodka. No increase allowed
body temperature above 38°C! It is necessary to measure the child’s body temperature
every hour, and if its increase is noted despite all the measures, it is necessary
call an ambulance.

If febrile convulsions develop, they usually last 2-3 minutes and
bought on their own. If they last more than 10 minutes or are repeated, then
it is necessary to enter diazepam (seduxen). This therapy is carried out by emergency physicians
care or hospital.

Parents of children with febrile seizures should:

1. Prevent seizures: measure body temperature every hour
   with illness; give drugs that reduce the temperature; conduct a physical
   cooling the child (rubbing, enemas with boiled water at room
   temperature).
2. Be able to properly provide first aid to a child in the event of
   fit:

• open the collar and remove tight clothing;
• remove foreign objects (prostheses) from the oral cavity;
• put the child on his back and turn his head to the side;
• do not try to open the jaws with any object;
• do not give any drugs or liquids by mouth;
• measure temperature;
• carefully observe the course of the attack;
• to be near the child until the attack stops completely.

Dynamic monitoring of patients who have had single febrile
convulsions have shown that the risk of recurrent febrile seizures
is 30%, and epileptic seizures not associated with an increase
temperature, – 2-3%. The negative impact of febrile seizures on neurological
the status and mental development of the child has not been proven.

Thus, in most cases, the prognosis for febrile convulsions
favorable, the likelihood of developing epilepsy in such children is low, therefore
febrile seizures are called benign epileptic syndrome of childhood
age.

Convulsions at high temperature in children. What Parents Need to Know

Hyperthermia or febrile seizures in children are seizures at high temperatures. The most common so-called convulsive syndrome of childhood. It has been established that this type of seizures are more often observed in winter and spring. It is assumed that this is due to a higher frequency of infectious diseases in the winter-spring period.

When there are febrile convulsions in children (at high temperature)

Febrile convulsions can develop in children with various infections, pneumonia, otitis, which are accompanied by fever.

Hyperthermic convulsions are an age-dependent pathology and debut mainly at the age of 18-24 months.

At what age do convulsions appear in children with a high temperature? Studies have shown that in the presence of a family burden, febrile convulsions can occur at a lower temperature in children.

Parents who first encounter a seizure in a child with a high temperature, as a rule, are psychologically unprepared, confused and do not know what to do first.

What to do if a child has seizures with a high temperature

Recommendations of a pediatric neurologist to parents on providing first aid to a child with febrile seizures:
• behave calmly, do not panic;
• unfasten the collar of clothing, free the chest from tight clothing;
• lay the child down with their head turned to one side;
• do not try to open the jaws with any object;
• measure temperature;
• do not give drugs by mouth;
• closely monitor the course of an attack.

Although febrile convulsions are triggered by high fever, excessive exposure of the child to cold should be avoided.

Clinical experience shows that cold wraps, rubbing with alcohol or a solution of vinegar, the use of fans do not give a significant beneficial effect and sometimes cause discomfort that negatively affects the course of an attack.

It is important to know and remember that in most cases the course of febrile seizures is benign, the probability of their transformation into severe forms of epilepsy is generally low (2-5%).

With the development of hyperthermic convulsions, it is necessary to call an ambulance.

This is especially important in the following cases:

• the duration of the seizure is more than 10 minutes;
• repeated convulsions, with impaired consciousness;
• manifestation of the first episode before the age of 6 months;
• the presence of neurological symptoms (prolonged impairment of consciousness, post-attack paralysis, etc.).

Children who have had a febrile seizure should be observed by a pediatric neurologist:

• 1 month after the seizure,
• then 2 times a year.