What are the common causes of back rib pain. How can you identify symptoms of rib-related injuries. What treatments are available for various types of back rib pain. When should you seek medical attention for rib cage discomfort.

Understanding the Anatomy of Back Rib Pain

Back rib pain can be a perplexing and often concerning issue for many individuals. This discomfort can manifest in various ways, ranging from a dull ache to sharp, intense pain. To better comprehend the nature of this condition, it’s crucial to understand the anatomy involved.

The rib cage consists of 12 pairs of ribs, each connected to the spine at the back and the sternum at the front. These bones protect vital organs such as the heart and lungs while also playing a role in breathing mechanics. The spaces between the ribs are filled with intercostal muscles, which assist in respiration and movement.

When pain occurs in the back of the ribs, it can involve any of these structures: the bones themselves, the connecting cartilage, the intercostal muscles, or even the nerves running between the ribs. Understanding this complex anatomy helps explain why back rib pain can have such diverse causes and symptoms.

Common Causes of Back Rib Pain: From Injuries to Underlying Conditions

Back rib pain can stem from a variety of sources, ranging from acute injuries to chronic medical conditions. Identifying the root cause is essential for proper treatment and management. Here are some of the most common culprits:

Rib-Related Injuries

• Bruised ribs
• Pulled muscles
• Rib fractures
• Broken ribs

Injuries to the rib area can occur due to various factors, including falls, sports-related impacts, or even severe coughing. These injuries often result in localized pain that worsens with movement or deep breathing.

Intercostal Muscle Strain

This condition involves tearing of the muscles between the ribs, typically due to strenuous physical activity or sudden, forceful movements. Symptoms include sharp pain in the upper back or ribs, muscle stiffness, and occasional muscle spasms.

Costochondritis

Costochondritis is characterized by inflammation of the cartilage connecting the ribs to the breastbone. While it primarily causes chest pain, some individuals may experience discomfort radiating to the back of the ribs. This condition is particularly common in adults aged 40-50.

Osteoporosis

As a condition that weakens bones, osteoporosis can make ribs more susceptible to fractures, even during less intense activities. It’s particularly prevalent in older adults, especially women. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported that 12.6% of adults over 50 had osteoporosis in 2017–2018, with the figure rising to 19.6% for women.

Fibromyalgia

This chronic condition causes widespread pain throughout the body, including the rib area. Fibromyalgia is more common in women and often accompanies other symptoms such as fatigue, headaches, and cognitive difficulties.

Gallstones

While typically associated with abdominal pain, gallstones can sometimes cause discomfort in the back of the ribs, particularly between the shoulder blades. This pain often occurs after meals and may be accompanied by nausea or jaundice in severe cases.

Pulmonary Embolism

A serious condition involving a blocked blood vessel in the lung, pulmonary embolism can cause sudden, sharp chest pain that may extend to the back of the ribs. This is a medical emergency requiring immediate attention.

Recognizing Symptoms: When to Be Concerned About Back Rib Pain

Identifying the symptoms associated with back rib pain is crucial for determining its severity and whether medical attention is necessary. While some cases may resolve on their own, others could indicate more serious underlying conditions.

Common Symptoms of Back Rib Pain

• Sharp or dull pain in the upper back or rib area
• Pain that worsens with movement or deep breathing
• Tenderness or swelling in the affected area
• Difficulty taking deep breaths
• Muscle stiffness or spasms

Is all back rib pain cause for concern? Not necessarily. Mild pain that resolves within a few days is often not a cause for alarm. However, certain symptoms warrant immediate medical attention:

• Severe, persistent pain
• Difficulty breathing or shortness of breath
• Chest pain accompanied by sweating, nausea, or arm pain
• Fever or chills
• Coughing up blood
• Unexplained weight loss

If you experience any of these symptoms alongside back rib pain, it’s crucial to seek medical evaluation promptly.

Diagnostic Approaches: How Medical Professionals Identify the Cause of Back Rib Pain

Accurately diagnosing the cause of back rib pain often requires a combination of medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests. Here’s an overview of the diagnostic process:

Medical History and Physical Examination

Your healthcare provider will likely begin by asking detailed questions about your symptoms, including when the pain started, its intensity, and any factors that worsen or alleviate it. They will also perform a physical examination, checking for tenderness, swelling, or visible deformities in the rib area.

Imaging Studies

Depending on the suspected cause, your doctor may order one or more of the following imaging tests:

• X-rays: To visualize bone fractures or signs of osteoporosis
• MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): For detailed images of soft tissues and to rule out certain conditions
• CT (Computed Tomography) scan: To provide detailed cross-sectional images of the chest and ribs
• Bone scan: To detect fractures or bone abnormalities that may not show up on X-rays

Blood Tests

In some cases, blood tests may be ordered to check for signs of inflammation, infection, or other underlying conditions that could be causing the pain.

Specialized Tests

For specific conditions, additional tests may be necessary:

• Bone density test: To diagnose osteoporosis
• Gallbladder ultrasound: To detect gallstones
• Pulmonary function tests: To assess lung function in cases of suspected lung-related issues

How long does the diagnostic process typically take? The duration can vary widely depending on the complexity of the case and the need for additional tests. Some diagnoses can be made during an initial consultation, while others may require several appointments and tests over a period of days or weeks.

Treatment Options: Addressing Back Rib Pain Effectively

The treatment for back rib pain varies depending on its underlying cause. Here’s an overview of common treatment approaches for various conditions:

Conservative Treatments

For many cases of back rib pain, especially those related to minor injuries or strains, conservative treatments are often sufficient:

• Rest and activity modification
• Ice or heat therapy
• Over-the-counter pain medications (e.g., ibuprofen, acetaminophen)
• Gentle stretching exercises
• Breathing exercises to maintain lung function

Medical Interventions

For more severe or persistent cases, medical interventions may be necessary:

• Prescription pain medications
• Muscle relaxants
• Corticosteroid injections for inflammation
• Physical therapy
• Surgical intervention (in rare, severe cases)

Condition-Specific Treatments

Some causes of back rib pain require targeted treatments:

• Osteoporosis: Calcium and vitamin D supplements, bone-strengthening medications
• Fibromyalgia: Antidepressants, anticonvulsants, lifestyle modifications
• Gallstones: Surgical removal of the gallbladder (cholecystectomy) in severe cases
• Pulmonary embolism: Blood thinners, clot-dissolving medications, or surgical intervention

How long does it take for back rib pain to resolve? The recovery timeline varies greatly depending on the cause and severity of the pain. Minor strains may improve within a few days to weeks, while more serious conditions like rib fractures can take 6-8 weeks or longer to heal completely.

Prevention Strategies: Minimizing the Risk of Back Rib Pain

While not all causes of back rib pain are preventable, there are several strategies you can employ to reduce your risk:

Maintain Good Posture

Proper posture helps distribute stress evenly across your rib cage and back muscles, reducing the risk of strain. Be mindful of your posture during daily activities, especially if you have a sedentary job.

Exercise Regularly

Engaging in regular physical activity strengthens the muscles supporting your rib cage and improves overall bone health. Focus on a combination of cardiovascular exercise, strength training, and flexibility work.

Practice Safe Lifting Techniques

When lifting heavy objects, use proper form to avoid straining your back and rib muscles. Bend at the knees, keep the object close to your body, and avoid twisting while lifting.

Wear Protective Gear

If you participate in contact sports or activities with a high risk of falls, wear appropriate protective gear to minimize the risk of rib injuries.

Maintain a Healthy Diet

A balanced diet rich in calcium and vitamin D supports bone health, potentially reducing the risk of conditions like osteoporosis that can lead to rib pain.

Quit Smoking

Smoking can weaken bones and impair lung function, both of which can contribute to back rib pain. Quitting smoking can significantly improve your overall health and reduce risk factors.

Manage Stress

Chronic stress can lead to muscle tension and exacerbate conditions like fibromyalgia. Practice stress-reduction techniques such as meditation, yoga, or deep breathing exercises.

Can all cases of back rib pain be prevented? While these strategies can significantly reduce your risk, it’s important to note that some causes of back rib pain, such as certain medical conditions or accidental injuries, may not be entirely preventable.

When to Seek Medical Attention: Recognizing Red Flags in Back Rib Pain

While many instances of back rib pain can be managed at home, certain situations warrant prompt medical attention. Being aware of these red flags can help you make informed decisions about when to seek professional help.

Severe or Worsening Pain

If your pain is intense, doesn’t respond to over-the-counter pain relievers, or continues to worsen over time, it’s crucial to consult a healthcare provider. This could indicate a more serious underlying condition or complication.

Difficulty Breathing

Shortness of breath or painful breathing associated with back rib pain could signal a pulmonary issue or severe rib injury. This symptom requires immediate medical evaluation.

Signs of Infection

Fever, chills, or redness and warmth in the affected area may indicate an infection. These symptoms, especially when accompanied by rib pain, necessitate prompt medical attention.

Unexplained Weight Loss

If you’re experiencing back rib pain along with unintentional weight loss, it could be a sign of a more serious underlying condition that requires investigation.

Pain Following Trauma

If your back rib pain occurs after a significant injury or accident, seeking medical attention is crucial to rule out fractures or internal injuries.

Persistent Pain

While some causes of back rib pain resolve on their own, pain that persists for several weeks without improvement should be evaluated by a healthcare professional.

Associated Chest Pain

If your back rib pain is accompanied by chest pain, especially if it’s associated with shortness of breath, sweating, or arm pain, seek emergency medical care immediately as this could indicate a heart-related issue.

How quickly should you seek medical attention for these red flags? For severe pain, difficulty breathing, or signs of infection, it’s best to seek medical care within 24 hours or sooner if symptoms are severe. For chest pain or symptoms suggestive of a heart problem, call emergency services immediately.

Remember, it’s always better to err on the side of caution when it comes to your health. If you’re unsure about the severity of your symptoms, consult with a healthcare provider for guidance.

Back rib pain: Causes and treatment

Pain in the back ribs can happen for many reasons. It can result from an injury, such as muscle strain or fractured rib, but it can also be a sign of a more serious condition, such as osteoporosis, gallstones, or a lung condition.

The pain may be sharp or dull and mild or severe. Often, the pain resolves without intervention, but it can sometimes indicate a more serious medical condition that requires specialist care. This is more likely if the pain is intense or there are other symptoms.

This article looks at some common causes of pain in the back of the ribs, as well as the associated symptoms and typical treatments.

Injuries can cause back rib pain. Common rib-related injuries include:

• bruised ribs
• pulled muscles
• fractures
• broken ribs

If pain after an injury is lasting or severe, the cause may be a broken rib. To diagnose this injury, a doctor may use an X-ray or MRI.

Treatment options vary. Many people with broken ribs just need rest and pain relief medication. Surgical intervention is sometimes necessary, but only in severe cases.

An intercostal muscle strain is an injury to the muscles between the ribs. A strain occurs when these muscles tear, often due to strenuous physical activity.

Common symptoms of an intercostal muscle strain include:

• sharp, severe pain in the upper back or ribs
• stiffness and tension in the upper back muscles
• spasms in the intercostal muscles

To treat this type of strain, doctors often recommend pain medication and physical therapy.

Costochondritis is inflammation of the cartilage that holds the ribs together. It is a common condition, particularly in adults aged 40–50, and it causes pain in the chest wall, sometimes at the back of the ribs.

The pain may be strong and sharp, and it may get worse when the person takes a deep breath. It may also worsen with movement.

Treatment may involve:

• heat therapy
• local or oral pain medications
• capsaicin cream
• physical therapy

For many people with costochondritis, the issue improves in a few weeks. However, because the symptoms can be similar to those of a heart condition, it is vital to speak with a doctor.

Preexisting conditions, such as osteoporosis, can weaken the ribs so that they break more easily, often during less intensive activities.

Osteoporosis causes the bones to lose the minerals that they need to stay strong. With a low mineral density, bones can fracture spontaneously or when the person is coughing. It is a common condition in older adults, especially in females.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) report that 12.6% of adults over 50 had osteoporosis in 2017–2018. The figure for females only was 19.6%.

The symptoms of osteoporosis include soreness and pain. Healthcare professionals often diagnose the issue with X-rays. They may also test a person’s kidney and thyroid function.

Some treatment options for osteoporosis include:

• doing gentle strength training
• reducing alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking, if applicable
• taking calcium and vitamin D3 supplements
• taking medications that reduce the risk of fractures

Fibromyalgia causes widespread pain in the muscles and bones. People may also have specific tender points. Researchers are unsure what causes it, but it is more common in females than in males.

Beyond the pain, fibromyalgia often occurs with:

• fatigue
• headaches
• paresthesia, which is a numb or burning sensation, usually in the extremities
• depression
• anxiety
• cognitive disturbances, such as problems processing and remembering information

Because fibromyalgia has such diverse symptoms, doctors may recommend a variety of interventions, including:

• improving sleep quality
• practicing relaxation techniques
• starting cognitive behavioral therapy
• getting regular cardiovascular exercise
• taking medications, including antidepressants and anticonvulsants

Gallstones are hardened deposits in the gallbladder. They sometimes cause no symptoms, but they can also move and block the ducts of the gallbladder, leading to problems.

Gallstones can cause pain, especially when they block ducts. The classic presentation is pain in the upper right part of the stomach, under or around the ribs. Some people also feel the pain in their back, such as between their shoulder blades.

The pain may be intense, though it is mild for some people. It usually develops shortly after a meal and lasts for a few hours. A person may also have nausea and vomiting or jaundice. This yellowing of the eyes and skin signals that the gallstones are affecting the liver. It may also cause dark urine.

A blocked gallbladder duct can become a medical emergency. Anyone with gallstones should receive prompt medical attention for any intense abdominal pain, especially if there is jaundice.

A pulmonary embolism occurs when a blood vessel in a lung is blocked, often by a blood clot. A person may initially notice pain and swelling in one leg when the clot blocks a blood vessel there. If the clot breaks loose, it can travel to the lungs.

Pulmonary embolisms are serious and relatively common. Research shows that they are responsible for around 100,000 deaths per year in the United States, and this figure is rising.

Aside from pain in the back of the ribs, a pulmonary embolism can cause the following symptoms:

• coughing, which may bring up blood
• sweating
• headaches and lightheadedness
• shortness of breath
• rapid breathing
• anxiety
• an irregular heartbeat

A pulmonary embolism is a life threatening emergency that requires immediate treatment.

Typically, treatment involves blood thinning medication, which makes it harder for clots to form. A person who cannot tolerate this approach receives a different medication that prevents the blood from clotting.

Certain health conditions that affect the lungs can also cause back rib pain.

For example, pleurisy, or inflammation of the lining of the lungs, can cause pain in the chest, shoulders, and back ribs. Researchers know that several underlying issues can cause pleurisy. For this reason, the treatments are varied.

Lung cancer can also cause pain in the chest and ribs. It is life threatening and a leading cause of cancer-related death in the U.S.

Other symptoms of lung cancer include coughing, which may bring up blood, and shortness of breath.

The best course of treatment depends on the cancer’s type and stage, as well as factors specific to each individual. A person may need to undergo surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy.

A person should contact a doctor about back rib pain if:

• The pain worsens.
• It remains after a few days of home treatment.
• It limits the ability to move.
• It occurs with a fever, chills, vomiting, nausea, or other symptoms.

People who think that they may have gallstones should call a healthcare professional and ask if their symptoms are signs of an emergency. But anyone with intense gallstone pain should go to an emergency room.

In general, seek emergency treatment if:

• The pain is so severe that it limits the ability to function.
• It occurs with jaundice.
• It occurs with trouble breathing, shortness of breath, or chest pain.
• The person feels very sick.
• Any symptoms rapidly worsen over several hours.

Minor injuries can cause pain in the back ribs. These injuries are not usually dangerous, and they often heal on their own.

However, this pain can also stem from a more serious health condition. This is especially likely if the pain is very intense, comes on suddenly, with no clear cause, or occurs with other symptoms. Prompt treatment can prevent serious complications and death.

Anyone with persistent or severe back rib pain should contact a healthcare professional.

Definition, causes, symptoms, and treatment

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People with bronchitis have swelling and inflammation in their bronchial tubes, the air passages that link the mouth and nose with the lungs.

Symptoms of bronchitis include a cough, wheezing, and difficulty breathing. People may also have trouble clearing heavy mucus or phlegm from their airways.

Bronchitis can be acute or chronic. Acute bronchitis usually clears up, but chronic bronchitis is persistent and never completely goes away. Quitting or avoiding smoking can help prevent bronchitis.

This article looks at the causes, symptoms, treatments, and prevention of bronchitis.

Share on PinterestA person with bronchitis may experience a sore throat, a persistent cough, and a fever.

Bronchitis can be acute or chronic. If it is acute, it happens once, and then a person recovers. If it is chronic, it never goes away, and a person lives with it constantly, although it may get better and worse at times.

Signs and symptoms of both acute and chronic bronchitis include:

• a persistent cough, which may produce mucus
• wheezing
• a low fever and chills
• a feeling of tightness in the chest
• a sore throat
• body aches
• breathlessness
• headaches
• a blocked nose and sinuses

A person with bronchitis may have a cough that lasts for several weeks or even a few months if the bronchial tubes take a long time to heal fully.

The symptoms of chronic bronchitis can flare up regularly. For many people, this happens during the winter months.

However, bronchitis is not the only condition that causes a cough. A cough that refuses to go away may be a sign of asthma, pneumonia, or many other conditions. Anyone with a persistent cough should see a doctor for a diagnosis.

What causes a cough? Find out here.

Acute bronchitis

Acute bronchitis lasts for a specific length of time. It commonly follows a similar pattern to a viral infection, such as a cold or the flu, and it may stem from the same virus.

The person may have:

• a cough with or without mucus
• chest discomfort or soreness
• fever
• a mild headache and body aches
• shortness of breath

Symptoms usually go away after a few days or weeks.

Chronic bronchitis

Chronic bronchitis has similar symptoms to acute bronchitis, but it is an ongoing illness.

One definition states that a person has chronic bronchitis if they have a daily, productive cough for at least 3 months of the year, 2 or more years in a row.

The National Library of Medicine describe it as a type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in which the bronchial tubes produce a lot of mucus. It either does not go away, or it goes away and keeps coming back.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) note that a person who develops emphysema alongside chronic bronchitis will receive a diagnosis of COPD. This is a serious and potentially life threatening condition.

Learn more here about COPD.

If bronchitis is due to a viral or bacterial infection, it is possible to transmit the infection to another person through droplets when coughing.

To reduce the risk of passing on an infection, a person should:

• wash their hands often
• cough into a tissue
• take extra care around young children, older people, and those with a weakened immune system

Learn more here about the transmission of acute bronchitis.

Bronchitis happens when a virus, bacteria, or irritant particles trigger an inflammation of the bronchial tubes. Smoking is a key risk factor, but nonsmokers can also develop bronchitis.

Acute bronchitis

Acute bronchitis can result from:

• a virus, for example, a cold or flu virus
• a bacterial infection
• exposure to substances that irritate the lungs, such as tobacco smoke, dust, fumes, vapors, and air pollution

People have a higher risk of developing acute bronchitis if they:

• experience a virus or bacteria that causes inflammation
• smoke or inhale secondhand smoke
• have asthma or an allergy

Ways to avoid infection include regular hand washing and avoiding smoke and other particles.

Chronic bronchitis

Chronic bronchitis results from repeated irritation and damage to the lung and airway tissues. The most common cause is smoking, but not everyone with bronchitis is a smoker.

Other possible causes include:

• long term exposure to air pollution, dust, and fumes from the environment
• genetic factors
• repeated episodes of acute bronchitis
• a history of respiratory disease or gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

Exposure to pesticides may increase the risk.

People with asthma or allergies have a higher risk of both types of the disease. The best way to avoid chronic bronchitis is to avoid smoking.

A doctor may advise a person with bronchitis to:

• rest
• drink fluids
• take over-the-counter (OTC) medications, such as ibuprofen

Taking OTC medication will help relieve a cough and ease any accompanying pain. In time, acute bronchitis will go away, often without treatment.

The symptoms of chronic bronchitis may resolve or improve for a while. However, they will come back or become worse again, especially if there is exposure to smoke or other triggers.

Options that may help include:

Cough medicine: Coughing is useful for removing mucus from the bronchial tubes, but medication can help bring relief, for example, at night.

Cough medicine is available for purchase online.

Taking honey: Taking 2 spoonfuls of honey may bring relief of cough symptoms.

Using a humidifier: This can loosen mucus, improve airflow, and relieve wheezing.

Bronchodilators: These open the bronchial tubes and may help clear out mucus.

Mucolytics: These loosen or thin mucus in the airways, making it easier to cough up sputum.

Anti-inflammatory and steroid drugs: These can help reduce inflammation that can cause tissue damage.

Oxygen therapy: In severe cases, a person may need supplemental oxygen to ease their breathing.

Which home remedy is best for bronchitis? Find out here.

Behavioral remedies

Other strategies for treating bronchitis include the following:

• removing a lung irritant, for example, by not smoking
• exercising to strengthen the chest muscles to help breathing
• improving breathing technique through pulmonary rehabilitation

Doing breathing exercises, such as pursed-lip breathing, can help slow down breathing, and make it more effective.

Should people exercise when they have bronchitis? Find out here.

Antibiotics

If acute bronchitis results from a bacterial infection, a doctor may prescribe antibiotics. Taking antibiotics may also help prevent a secondary infection, in some cases.

These drugs are not suitable for a person with a virus, however.

Most doctors will not prescribe antibiotics unless they have identified bacteria as the cause of an illness. One of the reasons for this is concern about antibiotic resistance, as overuse of antibiotics makes it harder to treat an infection in the long term.

Find out more about antibiotics, their uses, and the problem of antibiotic resistance.

A doctor will carry out a physical examination, using a stethoscope to listen for unusual sounds in the lungs.

They may also ask an individual about:

• their symptoms, and especially the cough
• their medical history
• any recent bouts of cold or flu
• whether they smoke
• exposure to secondhand smoke, dust, fumes, or air pollution

The doctor may also:

• take a sputum swab to test for bacteria or viruses in the lab
• check the oxygen levels in the person’s blood
• recommend a chest X-ray, pulmonary lung function test, or blood tests

The most common complication of bronchitis is pneumonia. This can happen if the infection spreads further into the lungs. In a person with pneumonia, the air sacs within the lungs fill with fluid.

Pneumonia is more likely to develop in older adults, smokers, those with other medical conditions, and anyone with a weakened immune system. It can be life threatening and needs medical attention.

Learn more here about pneumonia.

Most people with bronchitis can recover at home with rest, anti-inflammatory medication, and plenty of fluids.

However, a person should see a doctor if they have the following:

• a cough that lasts more than 3 weeks
• a fever that lasts 3 days or longer
• blood in their mucus
• rapid breathing, chest pains, or both
• drowsiness or confusion
• recurring or worsening symptoms

Anyone with an existing lung or heart condition should see a doctor if they start to have symptoms of bronchitis.

It is not always possible to prevent acute or chronic bronchitis, but several things can reduce the risk.

These include:

• avoiding or quit smoking
• avoiding lung irritants, such as smoke, dust, fumes, vapors, and air pollution
• wearing a mask to cover the nose and mouth when pollution levels are high
• washing the hands often to limit exposure to germs and bacteria
• asking about vaccinations to protect from pneumonia and the flu

Find out more about the flu and how to prevent it.

Acute bronchitis is a common condition. It can be uncomfortable, but it will usually resolve on its own within a few days.

Chronic bronchitis is an ongoing condition. If a person smokes and continues to smoke, they may develop worsening symptoms, emphysema, and COPD. All these conditions can be life threatening.

Anyone who has concerns about the possible symptoms of bronchitis should see a doctor.

Q:

Some people say you shouldn’t take cough medicine because coughing helps get rid of phlegm. Should we or shouldn’t we use it?

A:

There are different types of cough medicine.

Some cough medications are antitussives, or suppressants, such as dextromethorphan. Examples are OTC Robitussion or Triaminic. Other cough medications are expectorants, which encourage you to cough. Examples are OTC Mucinex or other types of Robitussin.

If your cough is keeping you up at night, then you may want to use a suppressant to help with the cough. If you want to cough up the phlegm, then an expectorant should help.

Alana Biggers, M.D., MPHAnswers represent the opinions of our medical experts. All content is strictly informational and should not be considered medical advice.

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Chest pain – causes, diagnosis and treatment of chest pain

Chest pain can have a different character and vary in intensity. The condition is called thoracalgia and signals chronic and acute pathologies. Among the causes of pain syndrome: damage to the organs of the gastrointestinal tract, respiratory system, pathology of the musculoskeletal system, neoplasms. Unpleasant sensations are the reason for going to the doctor in order to establish a diagnosis.

Anatomy of the thorax

The thorax is part of the body and protects the vital organs from traumatic impact. It contains the lungs, heart, large vessels. It has the shape of a compressed cone with two holes, called the aperture. The anteroposterior size of the cone is significantly inferior to the transverse one.

The cell is formed by the sternum, a semi-rigid structure of bone tissue and cartilage. It is also represented by ribs, a part of the spine and a muscular frame. Inside is the chest cavity, the central sections of which are occupied by the mediastinum, and the lateral lungs. Below are the curved diaphragm and the upper part of the abdominal cavity.

What to do at home if your chest hurts

Pain may indicate the onset or exacerbation of diseases. Some pathologies are associated with an increased risk of complications or a threat to life. The best solution when a symptom is detected is to contact a medical institution to identify the cause.

How to help yourself

Before starting treatment, you can stop the manifestations as follows:

1. Take a horizontal position. It is necessary to lie on the bed with a pillow or cushion under your head. It is advisable to avoid sudden movements and try not to be nervous.
2. Ensure air supply. You need to open the window, get rid of tight clothes, unfasten the buttons on the collar.
3. Take medicine. The choice of the drug is carried out by doctors, but you can take a nitroglycerin tablet or a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug on your own. The first drug is effective for pain associated with damage to the heart muscle, and the second group helps to relieve pain against the background of neuralgia, joint damage.

What not to do

If there is discomfort in the sternum, it is strictly forbidden:

1. Continue physical activity. It is important to stop any activity immediately to reduce the risk of complications.
2. Treat with warm or cool compresses. Until the cause is established, it is impossible to heat or cool the affected part of the chest area.
3. Carries out treatment without medical advice. The patient is not always able to differentiate the cause of the pain syndrome, so the drugs may be ineffective or harm the body.

When to see a doctor urgently

Chest pain in itself is a good reason to see a doctor. For some diseases, you need to call an ambulance without delay. Signs-markers:

1. Sensations arose abruptly, and the appearance was accompanied by darkening in the eyes. Also, the patient may complain of general weakness, shortness of breath, sweating, pre-syncope.
2. Pain is acute, burning, without a clear localization. Such manifestations indicate heart disease.
3. The syndrome is not relieved by nitroglycerin or non-steroidal agents. If relief does not occur within 15-20 minutes, you should call an ambulance.
4. The patient is unconscious. This is an extremely alarming sign that requires medical attention.

Various causes of chest pain

Chest discomfort is one of the most common reasons for seeking medical help. However, the symptoms do not always indicate a dangerous disease or an existing threat to life.

After COVID-19, influenza or SARS

Infections can cause complications that affect the functioning of organs and systems. The most common discomfort after a coronovirus infection, flu or SARS is caused by:

1. Postcovid asthenia. This is a respiratory dysfunction, manifested by shortness of breath, sleep disturbance, deterioration in performance. Asthenia is caused by the pathogenic effect of the virus on nerve cells, leading to hypoxia, decreased endothelial function, and microthrombosis.
2. Neuropathy. The condition is characterized by damage to nerve fibers by a viral infection. The patient complains of numbness of the extremities, discomfort in the thoracic region a, convulsions, impaired motor functions. Neuropathy can persist from several weeks to six months.
3. Myalgia. The accumulation of lactate in muscle fibers causes acute manifestations in the muscles. Due to the localization of the inflammatory reaction, discomfort is most often found in the sternum.
4. Myocarditis. Covid-19and influenza can cause inflammation of the myocardium. Shortness of breath appears, the rhythm of the heart changes, weakness is detected. Body temperature may remain normal or rise to subfebrile values.

Pain in the center of the chest

Localization of pain in the central part of the chest refers to manifestations of the following conditions:

1. Ischemic heart disease. It is characterized by sharp, spreading pain. Accompanied by swelling of the extremities, respiratory failure and general deterioration.
2. Myocardial infarction. Against the background of a heart attack, the skin turns pale, cold sweat appears, and arrhythmia occurs. In some cases, the patient loses consciousness due to a sharp decrease in the blood supply to the heart. There is a pronounced decrease in blood pressure.
3. Pathologies of the respiratory organs. Discomfort in the central part is characteristic of bronchitis, bronchial asthma, pneumonia. A similar manifestation may indicate pleurisy.
4. Neuralgia. With intercostal neuralgia, the pain syndrome is acute, aggravated by movement, coughing and sneezing. Osteochondrosis of the spine has similar manifestations, but the source is the spine. The patient feels numbness of the skin or “goosebumps” in the affected area.

Left or right

The heart and great vessels are located on the left side of the chest. Diagnostic measures include ECG and other methods to rule out life-threatening conditions, including:

• coronary syndrome;
• pinching of nerve roots and nerve tissue;
• endocarditis and myocarditis;
• deficiency of blood transport to the heart;
• aneurysm dissection;
• spinal injury.

Localization on the left indicates the development of the tumor process, diseases of the esophagus, gastrointestinal tract, the formation of a diaphragmatic hernia. Pain manifestations on the right usually signal a lesion of the respiratory system. Probable causes include acute and chronic bronchitis, pneumonia, pneumothorax. This is how pancreatitis, gastritis, cholecystitis, and liver disease manifest themselves.

When inhaling or coughing

Pain in the chest area, aggravated by coughing or taking a deep breath, usually indicates diseases of the musculoskeletal system and nervous system. However, other causes affecting the respiratory system or having an infectious nature are also likely. Condition linked to:

1. Development of pneumonia. With the disease, the temperature rises, a cough appears with sputum, sometimes with an admixture of blood. Probably difficulty breathing. Pain and cough may increase with changes in body position.
2. Neuralgia. The diagnosis is often established against the background of osteochondrosis of the thoracic spine. The appearance is associated with a pinched nerve. May be accompanied by numbness and decreased sensitivity of the skin. Worse after exercise or wearing tight clothing.
3. Pleurisy. Inflammatory process localized on the pleural sheets. Has an infectious or non-infectious nature. It is expressed by a painful reflex cough, a change in breathing. May be complicated by the formation of a purulent focus.

Pain in the chest and shoulder

Occurs against the background of spinal osteochondrosis and neuralgia. It happens as a result of humeroscapular periarthritis – a degenerative-inflammatory lesion of the tissue of the shoulder joint. Among the possible diagnoses is respiratory neurosis, associated with lack of air, compression, and a lump in the chest. The manifestation occurs due to myocardial infarction, against the background of angina pectoris or other heart diseases.

Radiating to the arm

The appearance of pain is often associated with irradiation to the arm. Why is this possible:

1. Cardiological diseases are present. Pain radiates to the left arm with angina pectoris. It increases with physical exertion and psycho-emotional stress. Discomfort extends into the shoulder and under the shoulder blade. An angina pectoris attack stops within 10 minutes after taking nitroglycerin. The cause of the deterioration of the condition may be a heart attack. It is characterized by increased intensity of symptoms and lack of response to nitroglycerin.
2. There are spinal lesions. Usually irradiation to the left or right hand is a typical complaint for patients with osteochondrosis. It is important to exclude autoimmune conditions – Bechterew’s disease, rheumatoid arthritis. They also negatively affect the spinal column and cause pain to radiate to the arm.
3. The patient has myalgia. The condition occurs with other diseases or due to traumatic effects. Myalgia accompanies cardiovascular disorders, infectious myositis, endocrine pathological processes. It is a consequence of toxic damage or pharmacological treatment.

Pain in the chest and back

It is also a typical sign of osteochondrosis. Among other causes of chest pain:

1. Scoliosis. Deformation of the spine in three planes, debuting in childhood or adolescence. Scoliosis also occurs after an injury or for idiopathic reasons. Expressed forms are clearly visible on visual inspection. The patient has asymmetry of the shoulder blades.
2. Oncological diseases and benign tumors. Neoplasms are capable of squeezing nerve endings. The combination of chest pain with a burning sensation in the back in women is considered an indirect symptom of breast cancer. Similar manifestations are characteristic of formations in the esophagus and stomach.
3. Experienced trauma. A fall or a traffic accident can negatively affect the musculoskeletal frame. Pain in the chest region occurs with sprains, cell bruises, torn ligaments, and is also observed from several weeks to months after healing.

Radiating to the shoulder blade

The condition is most often associated with pinched nerve roots in the chest and neck. Symptoms are typical for:

• diseases of the pulmonary system;
• cardiac disorders – diagnosis of myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, cardiomyopathy, congenital and acquired defects of the heart muscle is required;
• diagnoses of the musculoskeletal system – this is how osteochondrosis manifests itself;
• recent back injuries with sternum;
• blood diseases.

Aching (pulling), pressing, sharp (sharp)

Acute pain usually occurs against the background of tissue damage. It is typical for pinched nerve roots of the spine, diseases of the heart muscle, inflammatory processes localized in the respiratory system. Sensations are observed with erosive gastritis, pancreatitis, cholelithiasis. Aching and pressing pain accompanies chronic conditions, and is also a consequence of trauma. Pain can talk about osteochondrosis of the spine or neoplasms.

Breast pain in women

Breast pain can be unilateral or bilateral. A common cause is the size of the mammary glands. In this situation, the woman complains of pain localized in the upper back and in the chest area. Pain syndrome is detected after intense physical exertion due to the accumulation of lactic acid. Pain is accompanied by ovulation and the period of menstrual bleeding, as well as pregnancy and lactation. The listed reasons, as a rule, are not associated with manifestations of diseases and do not require a visit to a doctor.

The symptom may indicate a pathology of the spine, heart. Some pains occur against the background of discharge from the chest, are associated with a feeling of heaviness, a local increase in temperature. They require immediate diagnostic measures aimed at identifying:

• mastitis;
• eczema of the nipples;
• breast cancer.

After training

Chest pain after training is associated with overexertion or muscle tissue injury. Usually the situation is solved by the correct selection of a system of exercises for a particular athlete. Pain occurs due to hypoxia during intense training or in the absence of a warm-up before starting classes. If the manifestations are regularly repeated, have an acute form and significantly affect the well-being, then you should contact a medical institution. Pain is observed against the background of hemodynamic disturbances caused by atherosclerotic changes in the coronary vessels. Possible heart disease, pinched nerve roots of the thoracic region, damage to the musculoskeletal system, oncology.

The best solution in case of pain is to immediately contact an experienced specialist.

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Diseases that cause chest pain

Chest pain is considered a non-specific symptom. It is extremely difficult to differentiate the cause on your own. A comprehensive assessment of manifestations with the participation of narrow specialists is required. The following are the most common diseases that cause pain.

Ischemic heart disease and myocardial infarction

Myocardial injury is provoked by partial or complete blockage of the coronary arteries. Against the background of a decrease in the amount of blood, the nutrition of the tissues of the heart muscle is reduced, which causes the destruction of cardiocyte cells. In severe cases, the condition leads to the death of the patient. The patient complains of dizziness, darkening of the eyes, respiratory and cardiac arrhythmias. The pains in the chest are sharp, squeezing, burning. They can spread to the neck, lower jaw, left arm, and be felt behind the sternum. Symptoms are atypical: slight dizziness, severe fatigue, loss of coordination.

Angina pectoris

With angina, the pain comes on suddenly. The provoking factors are stress, previous physical activity, and a heavy meal. Signs of angina pectoris are squeezing, difficulty breathing, discomfort in the interscapular and epigastric regions. Often an attack is accompanied by an increase in blood pressure. Pain in angina quickly relieves nitroglycerin.

Intercostal neuralgia

Chest pain does not lead to pressure changes or arrhythmias. Risk factors for developing intercostal neuralgia:

• injury to nerves located near the spine and upper back;
• chest pain occurs after surgery followed by a long period of immobilization;
• poisoning with chemicals and drugs;
• inflammatory processes in the lungs;
• congenital developmental features;
• systemic infectious diseases;
• pathology of the spine in acute or prolonged form;
• autoimmune conditions;
• diabetes.

Osteochondrosis of the thoracic spine

Pain in the chest appears when the cartilaginous tissues between the vertebrae of the cervical-thoracic region are damaged. The danger of disease of the thoracic region of the spinal column is associated with potential risks for the spinal cord. Without proper therapy, the destruction of the vertebrae extends to the nervous tissue and the endings of the spinal cord. Symptoms debut brightly, with shootings in the epigastric region and neuralgia. In severe cases, the disease captures all 12 thoracic vertebrae.

Pneumonia or tuberculosis

Pneumonia causes pleural pain in the chest. Diagnosis is based on an intense cough, increased bronchophony, the appearance of dry and wet rales. Atypical forms are expressed in muscle pain, dry cough, subfebrile temperature. Pleurisy appears after an injury to the pleura in the thoracic region, due to an infection or a tumor process. Tuberculosis is also expressed by pain. The clinical picture includes sweating, aggravated at night, fever up to 37-38 degrees, weight loss.

Spondylosis, scoliosis, arthrosis

The appearance of pain is caused by a violation of the musculoskeletal system, including:

• spondylosis – wear of the tissues of the spine with degeneration of the tissues of the fibrous ring;
• scoliosis – congenital or acquired curvature of the spine affecting posture;
• arthrosis is one of the connective and bone tissue diseases that provokes dystrophic changes.

Pathologies of the esophagus

Chest pain in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract is associated with dyspeptic disorders. The latter include heartburn, impaired stool, belching, flatulence. The patient may also complain of epigastric pain, aggravated after eating or prolonged fasting. Discomfort behind the sternum speaks of an ulcer, gastroesophageal reflux, pancreatitis.

Oncological diseases

Oncological formations manifest as pain in the chest. This is a typical symptom of cancer of the stomach, esophagus, intestines. Malignant cells can be localized in the mammary gland or lungs. Additionally, the patient finds pulling pains in the back, under the shoulder blades and in the neck. Similarly, cancer of the thyroid gland and trachea is signaled.

If the symptoms do not go away for a long time, it is necessary to urgently visit an osteopath.

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Diagnostics and research

The choice of activities is made by the therapist. Tactics depends on the general condition of the patient and the proposed diagnosis. In most cases, the diagnosis includes laboratory samples:

• general analysis of urine and blood;
• venous blood biochemical sample;
• tests for tumor markers.

Recommended MRI or CT of the spine, tomography of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tract. An ECG is prescribed to exclude heart muscle diseases. Women with discomfort in the thoracic region are shown ultrasound examinations (ultrasound) and mammography.

Consultation of our specialists will help to make the correct diagnosis.

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Treatment of chest pain

Treatment is selected individually after receiving the results of the diagnosis. It includes pharmacological therapy, physiotherapy, physiotherapy exercises. Sometimes the only solution for the patient is surgery.

Conservative treatment

Treatment involves medication. The drugs of choice may be non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, analgesics, cardiac drugs for angina pectoris or other conditions. For pain, physiotherapy is recommended: electrophoresis, magnetotherapy, electric shock. A good result is given by physical therapy classes according to individual programs.

Surgical treatment

Medical institutions perform excision of benign and malignant tumors, removal of destroyed vertebrae, relief of deformities of the musculoskeletal system. After surgery, conservative therapy will be required.

Methods of treatment in our clinic

The main direction of our clinic is osteopathy. This is a modern trend based on the relationship of organs with areas of the musculoskeletal system. Osteopathic treatment relieves pain, starts the natural processes of cell healing, strengthens the body and restores efficiency.

An osteopath will diagnose all body systems, make the necessary adjustments and draw up a treatment plan. Also, if necessary, he will refer you for examinations or to other specialists. The specialists of our center never impose treatment that the patient does not need.

Our specialists will conduct an examination and prescribe the optimal treatment.

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Answers to frequently asked questions

First, the patient needs to contact a general practitioner for primary diagnosis. After an examination and basic research, the doctor, if necessary, will redirect to narrow specialists: a neurologist, oncologist, rheumatologist.

The duration of the course is determined by the complexity of the case. To achieve lasting results, sometimes you need to visit a doctor only a few times. Some patients feel significantly better after the first visit to a specialist.

What diseases cause chest pain? – reference book Omega-Kyiv

Chest pain is not a symptom of a specific disease, but may indicate damage to various organs and systems of the human body.

As a rule, it becomes possible to determine the true cause of chest pain only after a comprehensive diagnosis of the body.

• Pathologies of the heart;
• Osteochondrosis;
• Diseases of the esophagus;
• Pathology of the bronchopulmonary system.

Chest pain in diseases of the cardiovascular system is the most striking symptom, and occurs in many pathologies. Depending on the location and strength of the attack, you can determine the cause. Severe and pressing pain in the chest may indicate cardiac ischemia or angina pectoris. As a rule, pressing pain is so severe that breathing is lost and shortness of breath occurs. Choking pain occurs due to increased stress on the heart muscle and lack of oxygen. To determine the disease, it is necessary to conduct an ECG.

Chest pain, also accompanied by myocardial infarction. The peculiarity of the pathology is in the partial necrosis of the tissues of the heart muscle. As a rule, pain during a heart attack is sharp, cutting. Quite often, retrosternal pain during a heart attack can radiate to the left arm. The pain is not relieved by taking nitroglycerin and requires immediate hospitalization. As a rule, in case of a heart attack, before the doctors arrive, it is necessary to take the most comfortable position (lying on a bed with a raised torso and bent knees). This position of the body reduces pain and does not overload the heart.

With osteochondrosis of the thoracic region, the pain is localized in the chest, and often resembles the symptoms of angina pectoris. Pressing discomfort and severe pain occur due to pinching of nerve endings by intervertebral discs. The pressure is due to the loss of shock-absorbing properties of the disks.

Pathologies of the digestive system can also be accompanied by severe chest pain. In diseases of the stomach and diffuse spasm of the esophagus, spontaneously occurring pain in the chest is observed. As a rule, the pain can be aggravated by eating and swallowing saliva. Localized pain in the chest or interscapular space, but can be felt in the neck, ears and jaw.

Diseases of the respiratory system are often accompanied by pain in the chest. The main pathologies of the lungs with this symptomatology are thromboembolism, lung collapse and pulmonary hypertension. A feature of thromboembolism is blood clots that enter the pulmonary arteries and block normal blood flow. This pathological condition is accompanied by severe pain in the chest. When a lung collapses, air accumulates in the space between the lungs and the chest.