What is chlorphenamine. How does it work. What are its uses. What are the key facts about chlorphenamine. Who can take it. How and when should it be taken. What are the potential side effects. How does it compare to other antihistamines. What precautions should be taken when using chlorphenamine.

Understanding Chlorphenamine: A Powerful Antihistamine

Chlorphenamine is a widely used antihistamine medication that effectively relieves allergy symptoms. It belongs to the class of drowsy or sedating antihistamines, which means it’s more likely to induce sleepiness compared to non-sedating alternatives. This property can be beneficial for those struggling with allergies that disrupt sleep patterns.

Primary Uses of Chlorphenamine

Chlorphenamine is prescribed or purchased over-the-counter for various allergic conditions, including:

• Hay fever
• Conjunctivitis (red, itchy eyes)
• Eczema
• Hives (urticaria) caused by food allergies or chickenpox
• Insect bites and stings

In some formulations, chlorphenamine is combined with other active ingredients like ephedrine or pseudoephedrine to create multi-symptom cold and cough remedies. These combination products may be marketed under brand names such as Galpseud Plus Linctus and Haymine.

Key Facts About Chlorphenamine: Efficacy and Usage

When considering chlorphenamine as a treatment option, it’s essential to understand its basic characteristics and effects:

• Onset of action: Typically takes 30 minutes to 1 hour to work
• Common side effects: Nausea, drowsiness, dizziness, difficulty concentrating, dry mouth, headaches, and blurred vision
• Dosing interval: Minimum of 4 hours between doses
• Alcohol interaction: Avoid alcohol consumption while taking chlorphenamine
• Duration of use: For over-the-counter purchases, limit use to 2 weeks unless directed otherwise by a healthcare professional

Is chlorphenamine suitable for long-term use? For over-the-counter purchases, it’s recommended to limit use to 2 weeks. If symptoms persist beyond this period, consult your doctor for a professional assessment and potential alternative treatments.

Who Can Safely Use Chlorphenamine?

While chlorphenamine is generally safe for most adults, certain groups require special consideration:

Children and Chlorphenamine

The use of chlorphenamine in children is subject to specific guidelines:

• Children under 6: Should only use chlorphenamine prescribed by a doctor
• Children 6 and older: Can use over-the-counter chlorphenamine products, but caution is advised

Contraindications and Precautions

Certain individuals should avoid chlorphenamine or use it only under close medical supervision. These include people who:

• Have a history of allergic reactions to chlorphenamine or other medications
• Suffer from primary angle closure glaucoma
• Experience urinary retention or difficulty urinating
• Have epilepsy or are at risk of seizures
• Are scheduled for allergy testing (chlorphenamine may affect results)
• Cannot consume any alcohol (some liquid formulations contain small amounts)
• Are frail, older adults (increased risk of side effects, including confusion)

Do you need to inform your healthcare provider about any conditions before taking chlorphenamine? Yes, it’s crucial to disclose any existing health conditions, scheduled medical procedures, or concerns to your doctor or pharmacist before starting chlorphenamine treatment.

Proper Administration of Chlorphenamine

To maximize the benefits of chlorphenamine while minimizing potential risks, it’s essential to follow proper dosing and administration guidelines:

Dosage Forms and Strengths

Chlorphenamine is available in two primary forms:

• Tablets: 4mg strength
• Liquid: 2mg per 5ml

Recommended Dosages

Dosing recommendations vary based on age and individual factors:

• Adults and children 12 years and older: 1 tablet (4mg) every 4 to 6 hours, not exceeding 6 tablets in 24 hours
• Children under 12 years: Dosage is determined by the doctor based on the child’s age and should only be taken as prescribed
• Frail older adults: 1 tablet every 6 to 8 hours, not exceeding 3 tablets in 24 hours

How should chlorphenamine be taken for optimal effectiveness? Chlorphenamine can be taken with or without food. Tablets should be swallowed with water, milk, or juice. For children or those taking lower doses, the 4mg tablets can be broken in half. Liquid formulations may be easier for children to take and should be measured using the provided syringe or spoon for accuracy.

Potential Side Effects and Interactions

While chlorphenamine is generally well-tolerated, it can cause various side effects and interact with other substances:

Common Side Effects

• Drowsiness
• Dizziness
• Nausea
• Dry mouth
• Blurred vision
• Difficulty concentrating
• Headaches

Interactions

Chlorphenamine can interact with various substances and medications:

• Alcohol: Enhances drowsiness and may increase the risk of side effects
• Other sedating medications: May amplify drowsiness and impair cognitive function
• Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs): Can potentially lead to dangerous interactions

Can chlorphenamine affect your ability to drive or operate machinery? Yes, due to its sedating properties, chlorphenamine can impair your ability to drive or operate machinery. It’s advisable to avoid these activities until you know how the medication affects you personally.

Comparing Chlorphenamine to Other Antihistamines

Chlorphenamine is one of many antihistamines available for allergy relief. Understanding how it compares to other options can help in making informed treatment decisions:

Sedating vs. Non-sedating Antihistamines

Chlorphenamine belongs to the first-generation or sedating antihistamines. These tend to cause more drowsiness compared to second-generation or non-sedating antihistamines like cetirizine or loratadine.

Efficacy and Onset of Action

Chlorphenamine typically starts working within 30 minutes to 1 hour, which is relatively quick compared to some non-sedating alternatives. However, its sedating effects may be undesirable for daytime use in some individuals.

Duration of Action

Chlorphenamine’s effects typically last for 4 to 6 hours, which is shorter than some newer antihistamines that provide 24-hour relief with a single dose.

How does the safety profile of chlorphenamine compare to newer antihistamines? While chlorphenamine has a long history of use and is generally safe when used as directed, newer non-sedating antihistamines may have a more favorable side effect profile, particularly regarding drowsiness and cognitive impairment.

Special Considerations and Precautions

When using chlorphenamine, certain situations warrant extra caution:

Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Limited data is available on the safety of chlorphenamine during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Consult with a healthcare provider before use in these situations.

Elderly Patients

Older adults, especially those who are frail, may be more susceptible to side effects such as confusion, urinary retention, and dry mouth. Lower doses and careful monitoring are often recommended.

Drug Interactions

Always inform your healthcare provider about all medications, supplements, and herbal products you’re taking to avoid potential interactions with chlorphenamine.

Long-term Use

While chlorphenamine is safe for short-term use, long-term or chronic use should be monitored by a healthcare professional to assess ongoing need and potential side effects.

Are there any lifestyle modifications that can complement chlorphenamine treatment for allergies? Yes, alongside medication, strategies such as avoiding known allergens, using air purifiers, and maintaining good hygiene practices can enhance the overall management of allergic conditions.

Optimizing Chlorphenamine Treatment for Allergy Relief

To get the most benefit from chlorphenamine while minimizing potential drawbacks, consider the following tips:

Timing Your Doses

If using chlorphenamine for nighttime allergy relief, taking it about 30 minutes before bedtime can help align its peak effectiveness with your sleep schedule.

Monitoring Effectiveness

Keep track of your symptoms and how well chlorphenamine manages them. This information can be valuable for your healthcare provider in assessing the treatment’s efficacy.

Combining with Non-pharmacological Approaches

Complement chlorphenamine use with strategies like nasal irrigation, using hypoallergenic bedding, and maintaining low humidity levels in your home to reduce overall allergen exposure.

Staying Hydrated

Chlorphenamine can cause dry mouth as a side effect. Ensuring adequate hydration can help mitigate this and support overall health.

How can you determine if chlorphenamine is the right antihistamine for your needs? Assess your primary symptoms, the time of day when your allergies are most bothersome, and your tolerance for drowsiness. Discuss these factors with your healthcare provider to determine if chlorphenamine or an alternative antihistamine is most suitable for your situation.

Understanding the Mechanism of Action

To fully appreciate how chlorphenamine works, it’s helpful to understand its mechanism of action within the body:

Histamine Blockade

Chlorphenamine functions as an H1 receptor antagonist, effectively blocking the action of histamine, a key mediator in allergic responses.

Central Nervous System Effects

Unlike newer antihistamines, chlorphenamine can cross the blood-brain barrier, leading to its sedating effects and potential impact on cognitive function.

Duration of Action

The drug’s effects typically last 4-6 hours, necessitating multiple daily doses for continuous symptom relief.

Why does chlorphenamine cause drowsiness while some other antihistamines do not? Chlorphenamine’s ability to cross the blood-brain barrier and interact with histamine receptors in the central nervous system contributes to its sedating effects, distinguishing it from non-sedating antihistamines that primarily act peripherally.

Exploring Alternative and Complementary Approaches

While chlorphenamine can be highly effective, it’s worth considering other strategies that can complement or potentially replace antihistamine use:

Immunotherapy

For severe or persistent allergies, allergen immunotherapy (allergy shots or sublingual tablets) can help reduce sensitivity to specific allergens over time.

Natural Remedies

Some individuals find relief with natural approaches such as:

• Nasal irrigation with saline solution
• Local honey consumption (for pollen allergies)
• Butterbur extract (shown to have antihistamine-like effects in some studies)

Environmental Controls

Implementing measures to reduce allergen exposure in your home and workplace can significantly alleviate symptoms:

• Using high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters
• Keeping windows closed during high pollen days
• Regularly washing bedding in hot water
• Using dust mite-proof covers on mattresses and pillows

Can dietary changes impact the effectiveness of chlorphenamine or overall allergy management? While not directly affecting chlorphenamine’s action, some dietary modifications may support overall immune function and potentially reduce allergy symptoms. These include increasing intake of omega-3 fatty acids, probiotics, and foods rich in quercetin (like onions and apples). However, it’s important to consult with a healthcare provider before making significant dietary changes as part of allergy management.

Chlorphenamine: drowsy (sedating) antihistamine – NHS

1. About chlorphenamine

Chlorphenamine is an antihistamine medicine that relieves the symptoms of allergies.

It’s known as a drowsy (sedating) antihistamine. This means that it is likely to make you feel more sleepy than some other antihistamines.

It’s used for:

• hay fever
• red, itchy eyes (conjunctivitis)
• eczema
• hives (urticaria) caused by food allergies and chickenpox
• insect bites and stings

Chlorphenamine is available on prescription, and to buy from pharmacies.

It comes as tablets or as a liquid that you swallow.

Chlorphenamine is sometimes mixed with other medicines like ephedrine or pseudoephedrine to treat coughs and colds.

When chlorphenamine is mixed with other medicines, it can be called Galpseud Plus Linctus and Haymine.

2. Key facts

• Chlorphenamine usually takes 30 minutes to 1 hour to work.
• Common side effects include feeling sick (nausea), sleepy or dizzy. You may also have difficulty concentrating, a dry mouth, headaches or blurred vision.
• Wait a minimum of 4 hours between taking doses.
• Do not drink alcohol while you’re taking chlorphenamine. Alcohol may make you feel sick or more sleepy.
• If you’ve bought chlorphenamine from a pharmacy without a prescription, do not take it for longer than 2 weeks. If you are still having symptoms, speak to your doctor.

3. Who can and cannot take chlorphenamine

Chlorphenamine can be taken by most adults.

Children and chlorphenamine

You can buy cough, cold and other medicines that contain chlorphenamine from pharmacies. This type of chlorphenamine should not be given to children under the age of 6.

Children under 6 should only be given chlorphenamine that has been prescribed by their doctor.

Who may not be able to take chlorphenamine

Chlorphenamine is not suitable for some people. To make sure it’s safe for you, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you:

• have ever had an allergy to chlorphenamine or any other medicine
• have an eye problem called primary angle closure glaucoma
• have problems peeing or emptying your bladder
• have epilepsy or another health problem that puts you at risk of fits or seizures
• are due to have an allergy test – taking chlorphenamine may affect the results, so you might need to stop taking it a few days before the test. Ask a pharmacist or your doctor for advice
• are unable to have any alcohol – some liquid chlorphenamine products contain a very small amount of alcohol. Check the ingredients and the packaging carefully
• are a frail, older adult – you may experience more side effects, such as confusion

4. How and when to take chlorphenamine

If you or your child has been prescribed chlorphenamine, follow your doctor’s instructions about how and when to take it.

If you have bought chlorphenamine or any medicine containing chlorphenamine from a pharmacy, follow the instructions that come with the packet, or ask your pharmacist for advice.

If you or your child’s symptoms do not get better within a few days, talk to a doctor.

Dosage and strength

Chlorphenamine comes as 4mg tablets and the liquid comes as 2mg in 5ml.

If you’re taking liquid chlorphenamine, follow the instructions that come with the medicine for how much to take.

The usual dose is:

• adults and children aged 12 years and older – 1 tablet every 4 to 6 hours. Do not take more than 6 tablets in 24 hours
• children aged under 12 years – doses are lower for children and babies, and they may take it less often than an adult. Your doctor will use your child’s age to work out the right dose. Children should only take chlorphenamine that has been prescribed by a doctor. Do not give children under 6 years cough or cold medicines that contain chlorphenamine
• older adults who are frail – 1 tablet every 6 to 8 hours. Do not take more than 3 tablets in 24 hours. Speak to your doctor or pharmacist before taking it as you’re more likely to get side effects

When used for coughs and colds, chlorphenamine is mixed with other medicines in a liquid that you swallow. Follow the instructions on the bottle or packaging for how much to take.

How to take chlorphenamine

You can take chlorphenamine with or without food.

Swallow chlorphenamine tablets with a drink of water, milk or juice. The 4mg tablets can be broken in half for children and people taking lower doses.

Chlorphenamine liquid may be easier for children to take than tablets. The medicine will come with a plastic syringe or spoon to help you measure out the right dose.

If you do not have a syringe or spoon, ask your pharmacist for one. Do not use a kitchen teaspoon because it will not measure the right amount.

When to take it

Only take chlorphenamine when you need to.

For allergies, you may only need to take chlorphenamine on the days you feel you need to. For example, coming into contact with something like animal hair may have triggered your symptoms.

For hay fever, you may need to take it regularly to prevent symptoms during spring and summer.

If you forget to take it

Take your forgotten dose as soon as you remember, unless it’s nearly time for your next dose.

Do not take 2 doses at the same time, or take an extra dose to make up for a forgotten one.

If you forget doses often, it may help to set an alarm to remind you. You could also ask your pharmacist for advice on other ways to help you remember to take your medicine.

If you take too much

If you have taken more than the recommended dose of chlorphenamine, you may:

• feel very sleepy
• feel nervous or restless
• feel or be sick (nausea or vomiting)
• get blurred vision
• get a very fast, uneven or pounding heartbeat (palpitations)

In serious cases, you can have a fit or seizure, or become unconscious, and may need emergency treatment in hospital.

Urgent advice: Contact 111 for advice now if:

• you take more than the recommended dose of chlorphenamine

Go to 111.nhs.uk or call 111

Call 111 if you’re asking about a child under the age of 5 years.

If you need to go to A&E, do not drive yourself. Get someone else to drive you or call for an ambulance.

Take the chlorphenamine packet or leaflet inside it, plus any remaining medicine, with you.

5. Side effects

Like all medicines, chlorphenamine can cause side effects, although not everyone gets them.

Common side effects

Common side effects of chlorphenamine happen in more than 1 in 100 people.

Talk to your doctor or pharmacist if these side effects bother you or do not go away:

• feeling sleepy during the daytime
• feeling sick (nausea)
• feeling dizzy or difficulty concentrating
• dry mouth
• headaches
• blurred vision

Children and people aged over 65 have more chance of getting some side effects, such as feeling restless, excited or confused.

Serious side effects

Tell your doctor straight away if:

• the whites of your eyes turn yellow, or your skin turns yellow although this may be less obvious on brown or black skin – these can be signs of liver problems
• you are bruising or bleeding more than normal

Serious allergic reaction

In rare cases, it’s possible to have a serious allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) to chlorphenamine.

Immediate action required: Call 999 now if:

• your lips, mouth, throat or tongue suddenly become swollen
• you’re breathing very fast or struggling to breathe (you may become very wheezy or feel like you’re choking or gasping for air)
• your throat feels tight or you’re struggling to swallow
• your skin, tongue or lips turn blue, grey or pale (if you have black or brown skin, this may be easier to see on the palms of your hands or soles of your feet)
• you suddenly become very confused, drowsy or dizzy
• someone faints and cannot be woken up
• a child is limp, floppy or not responding like they normally do (their head may fall to the side, backwards or forwards, or they may find it difficult to lift their head or focus on your face)

You or the person who’s unwell may also have a rash that’s swollen, raised, itchy, blistered or peeling.

These can be signs of a serious allergic reaction and may need immediate treatment in hospital.

These are not all the side effects of chlorphenamine. For a full list, see the leaflet inside your medicine packet.

Information:

You can report any suspected side effect using the Yellow Card safety scheme.

Visit Yellow Card for further information.

6. How to cope with side effects of chlorphenamine

What to do about:

• feeling sleepy during the daytime – drowsiness usually wears off 4 to 6 hours after a dose. Do not drive, ride a bike or use tools or machinery if you’re feeling this way.
• feeling sick (nausea) – it may help if you do not eat rich or spicy food while you’re taking chlorphenamine.
• feeling dizzy or difficulty concentrating – stop what you’re doing and sit or lie down until you feel better. If the feeling does not go away or is troubling you, do not take any more medicine and speak to a pharmacist or your doctor.
• dry mouth – chew sugar-free gum or suck sugar-free sweets.
• headaches – make sure you rest and drink plenty of fluids. Ask your pharmacist to recommend a painkiller. Talk to your doctor if the headaches last longer than a week or are severe.
• blurred vision – do not drive, ride a bike or use tools or machinery while this is happening. This should only be a mild problem in most people who are affected but if it bothers you, speak to your pharmacist or doctor as they may need to change your treatment.

7. Pregnancy and breastfeeding

Chlorphenamine and pregnancy

Chlorphenamine can be used in pregnancy. There is no good evidence that it is harmful to your baby, but it can have side effects such as feeling drowsy.

Your doctor or pharmacist may recommend a non-drowsy antihistamine (loratadine) before chlorphenamine.

Chlorphenamine and breastfeeding

If your doctor or health visitor says your baby is healthy, you can use chlorphenamine during breastfeeding. This is a drowsy antihistamine, so it is better to take occasional doses or only for a short time.

It is not known how much chlorphenamine gets into breast milk, but it has been used for many years without causing babies to have side effects. However, chlorphenamine can cause drowsy symptoms, so may also make your baby sleepy too.

If you’re breastfeeding or planning to breastfeed, talk to your doctor or pharmacist as other medicines might be better while breastfeeding.

If your baby is not feeding as well as usual, seems unusually sleepy, or seems irritable, or if you have any other concerns about your baby, talk to your doctor, pharmacist, health visitor or midwife.

Non-urgent advice: Tell your doctor if you’re:

• trying to get pregnant
• pregnant
• breastfeeding

Find out more about how chlorphenamine can affect you and your baby during pregnancy on the Best Use of Medicines in Pregnancy (BUMPS) website.

8. Cautions with other medicines

Some medicines and chlorphenamine affect each other and increase the chances of you having side effects.

Check with your pharmacist or doctor if you’re taking:

• a type of antidepressant called a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, such as phenelzine
• phenytoin (an anti-epilepsy medicine)
• any medicine that makes you drowsy, gives you a dry mouth, or makes it difficult for you to pee – taking chlorphenamine might make these side effects worse

Mixing chlorphenamine with herbal remedies and supplements

There might be a problem taking some herbal remedies and supplements alongside chlorphenamine, especially ones that cause side effects such as sleepiness, a dry mouth or making it difficult to pee.

Important:
Medicine safety

Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you’re taking any other medicines, including herbal medicines, vitamins or supplements.

9. Common questions about chlorphenamine

How does chlorphenamine work?

Chlorphenamine is an antihistamine medicine. It’s classed as a drowsy (sedating) antihistamine.

When you come into contact with something you’re allergic to, such as pollen, animal hair or fur, house dust or insect bites and stings, your body produces a chemical called histamine.

Usually, histamine is a useful substance, but in an allergic reaction it causes symptoms including itchy, watery eyes, a running or blocked nose, sneezing and skin rashes.

Chlorphenamine blocks the effects of histamine and reduces these symptoms.

How long does it take to work?

You should start to feel better within 30 minutes to an hour.

How long can I take it for?

That depends on why you’re taking it. You may only need to take chlorphenamine for a short time or as a one-off dose. Do not take chlorphenamine for longer than 2 weeks without speaking to a doctor. Speak to your doctor if your symptoms are not improving.

If you’re taking it for a cough or cold and your symptoms last for more than 2 weeks, speak to your doctor. Do not take it for longer than that without checking.

If you have a reaction to an insect bite or a medicine, you may only need to take chlorphenamine for a day or 2.

You may need to take it for longer if you’re taking it to prevent symptoms from hay fever when the pollen count is high.

Talk to your doctor or pharmacist if you’re unsure how long you need to take chlorphenamine for.

Is it safe to take chlorphenamine for a long time?

Chlorphenamine is unlikely to do you any harm but it’s best to only take it when you need it. Do not take for longer than 2 weeks without speaking to your doctor.

Is it possible to be addicted to chlorphenamine?

No, chlorphenamine is not known to be addictive.

What’s the difference between chlorphenamine and other antihistamines?

Chlorphenamine is known as a drowsy antihistamine because it can make you feel sleepy.

Non-drowsy antihistamines are less likely to have this effect. These include cetirizine, fexofenadine and loratadine.

Most people prefer to take a non-drowsy antihistamine as it’s less likely to interfere with their everyday routine.

You might choose to take a drowsy antihistamine if you have a symptom that’s keeping you awake, such as itchy skin.

There is not enough information to say whether one antihistamine is better than another for treating allergies.

Sometimes you need to try a few before you find one that works best for you.

Can you take more than 1 antihistamine at a time?

If you have a very itchy rash, your doctor may advise that you take 2 different antihistamines for a few days.

As well as taking a non-drowsy antihistamine during the day (such as fexofenadine, cetirizine or loratadine), your doctor may recommend a drowsy antihistamine at night time if itching is making it difficult for you to fall sleep.

Do not take another drowsy antihistamine together with chlorphenamine. It’ll make you very tired and sleepy.

Other drowsy antihistamines include diphenhydramine (Nytol), hydroxyzine (Atarax or Ucerax) and promethazine (Phenergan).

Important

Do not take 2 antihistamines together unless you have been told to by your doctor.

Can I take chlorphenamine with painkillers?

Yes, you can take chlorphenamine together with painkillers like paracetamol or ibuprofen that you buy from the pharmacy or supermarket.

But if you take chlorphenamine with painkillers that contain codeine (such as co-codamol) or other prescription painkillers, you may feel very tired and sleepy.

Do not drive, ride a bike or operate machinery or tools if this happens to you.

Will it help me sleep?

Doctors sometimes recommend taking drowsy antihistamines, like chlorphenamine, for a short time to help you sleep if your allergy symptoms keep you awake at night.

But do not take it just for sleep problems without talking to you doctor first, as there may be something better you can take.

If you’re having difficulty sleeping (insomnia), there are a number of things you can try to help yourself get a good night’s sleep:

• set regular times for going to bed and waking up
• relax before bedtime – try taking a warm bath or listening to calming music
• use thick curtains or blinds, an eye mask and earplugs to stop you being woken up by light and noise
• avoid caffeine, cigarettes or vapes, alcohol, heavy meals and exercise for a few hours before bed time
• do not watch TV or use phones, tablets or computers before going to bed
• do not nap during the day
• make a list of your worries and any ideas for how to solve them before you go to bed – this can help you forget about them until the morning

If this does not work, speak to your doctor.

Can I drink alcohol with it?

It’s best not to drink alcohol while you’re taking chlorphenamine, as it can make you feel very sleepy.

Is there any food or drink I need to avoid?

You can eat and drink normally while taking chlorphenamine.

Will it affect my fertility?

There’s no clear evidence to suggest that taking chlorphenamine reduces fertility in either men or women.

But speak to a pharmacist or your doctor before taking it if you’re trying to get pregnant.

Will it affect my contraception?

Chlorphenamine does not affect any type of contraception, including the combined pill and emergency contraception.

Can I drive or ride a bike with it?

Do not drive a car or ride a bike if chlorphenamine makes you sleepy during the daytime, gives you blurred vision or makes you feel dizzy, clumsy or unable to concentrate or make decisions.

This may be more likely when you first start taking chlorphenamine, but could happen at any time, for example when starting another medicine.

It’s an offence to drive a car if your ability to drive safely is affected. It’s your responsibility to decide if it’s safe to drive. If you’re in any doubt, do not drive.

GOV.UK has more information on the law on drugs and driving.

Talk to your doctor or pharmacist if you’re unsure whether it’s safe for you to drive while taking chlorphenamine.

Can lifestyle changes help with hay fever and other allergies?

If you have hay fever, it’ll help if you do not spend too much time outside when the pollen count is high.

Tips for when you’re outside

• Do not cut grass or walk on grass.
• Wear wraparound sunglasses to stop pollen getting into your eyes.
• Put Vaseline around your nostrils to help trap pollen.
• Shower and change your clothes after you have been outside to wash off pollen.

Tips for when you’re inside

• Keep windows and doors shut as much as possible.
• Vacuum regularly and dust with a damp cloth.
• Do not keep fresh flowers in the house.
• Do not smoke or be around smoke as it makes hay fever symptoms worse.

The best way to prevent any sort of allergic reaction is to avoid the substance that you’re allergic to, if you can.

There are some practical steps you can follow to help you prevent allergies.

Chlorpheniramine Oral: Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures, Warnings & Dosing

Uses

Chlorpheniramine is an antihistamine used to relieve symptoms of allergy, hay fever, and the common cold. These symptoms include rash, watery eyes, itchy eyes/nose/throat/skin, cough, runny nose, and sneezing.This medication works by blocking a certain natural substance (histamine) that your body makes during an allergic reaction. By blocking another natural substance made by your body (acetylcholine), it helps dry up some body fluids to relieve symptoms such as watery eyes and runny nose.Cough-and-cold products have not been shown to be safe or effective in children younger than 6 years. Do not use this product to treat cold symptoms in children younger than 6 years unless specifically directed by the doctor. Some products (such as long-acting tablets/capsules) are not recommended for use in children younger than 12 years. Ask your doctor or pharmacist for more details about using your product safely.These products do not cure or shorten the length of the common cold and may cause serious side effects. To decrease the risk for serious side effects, carefully follow all dosage directions. Do not use this product to make a child sleepy. Do not give other cough-and-cold medication that might contain the same or similar ingredients (see also Drug Interactions section). Ask the doctor or pharmacist about other ways to relieve cough and cold symptoms (such as drinking enough fluids, using a humidifier or saline nose drops/spray).

How to use Chlorpheniramine Maleate

If you are taking the over-the-counter product, read all directions on the product package before taking this medication. If you have any questions, consult your pharmacist. If your doctor has prescribed this medication, take it as directed.

Take the tablet, capsule, or liquid form by mouth with or without food. Follow the directions for dosing on the label, or take as directed by your doctor. This medication may be taken with food or milk if stomach upset occurs.

If you are taking the extended-release capsules, swallow them whole. Do not crush or chew extended-release capsules or tablets. Doing so can release all of the drug at once, increasing the risk of side effects.

If you are using the liquid form, use a medication measuring device to carefully measure the prescribed dose. Do not use a household spoon. If your liquid form is a suspension, shake the bottle well before each dose.

Your dosage is based on your age, medical condition, and response to therapy. Do not increase your dose or take this medication more often than recommended by your doctor or the package instructions without your doctor’s approval. Take this medication regularly in order to get the most benefit from it. To help you remember, take it at the same time(s) each day.

If your condition lasts or gets worse, or if you think you may have a serious medical problem, get medical help right away.

Side Effects

Drowsiness, dizziness, constipation, stomach upset, blurred vision, or dry mouth/nose/throat may occur. If any of these effects last or get worse, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly.

To relieve dry mouth, suck (sugarless) hard candy or ice chips, chew (sugarless) gum, drink water, or use a saliva substitute.

If you are using a sustained-release product, an empty tablet shell may appear in your stool. This is harmless.

If your doctor has prescribed this medication, remember that your doctor has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects. Many people using this medication do not have serious side effects.

Tell your doctor right away if you have any serious side effects, including: mental/mood changes (such as restlessness, confusion), trouble urinating, fast/irregular heartbeat.

Get medical help right away if you have any very serious side effects, including: seizure.

A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare. However, get medical help right away if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction, including: rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing.

This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.

In the US – Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or at www.fda.gov/medwatch.

In Canada – Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345.

Precautions

Before taking chlorpheniramine, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic to it; or to dexchlorpheniramine; or if you have any other allergies. This product may contain inactive ingredients, which can cause allergic reactions or other problems. Talk to your pharmacist for more details.

Before using this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist your medical history, especially of: breathing problems (such as asthma, emphysema), glaucoma, heart problems, high blood pressure, liver disease, seizures, stomach/intestinal problems (such as ulcers, blockage), overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism), trouble urinating (such as due to enlarged prostate).

This drug may make you dizzy or drowsy or blur your vision. Alcohol or marijuana (cannabis) can make you more dizzy or drowsy. Do not drive, use machinery, or do anything that needs alertness or clear vision until you can do it safely. Limit alcoholic beverages. Talk to your doctor if you are using marijuana (cannabis).

To minimize dizziness and lightheadedness, get up slowly when rising from a sitting or lying position.

Liquid products may contain aspartame, sugar and/or alcohol. Caution is advised if you have diabetes, alcohol dependence, liver disease, phenylketonuria (PKU), or any other condition that requires you to limit/avoid these substances in your diet. Ask your doctor or pharmacist about using this product safely.

Before having surgery, tell your doctor or dentist about all the products you use (including prescription drugs, nonprescription drugs, and herbal products).

Older adults may be more sensitive to the side effects of this drug, especially drowsiness, dizziness, confusion, constipation, or trouble urinating. Drowsiness, dizziness, and confusion can increase the risk of falling.

Children may be more sensitive to the side effects of this drug. This drug can often cause excitement in young children instead of drowsiness.

During pregnancy, this medication should be used only when clearly needed. Discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor.

Based on information from related drugs, this medication may pass into breast milk. Consult your doctor before breast-feeding.

Interactions

Drug interactions may change how your medications work or increase your risk for serious side effects. This document does not contain all possible drug interactions. Keep a list of all the products you use (including prescription/nonprescription drugs and herbal products) and share it with your doctor and pharmacist. Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicines without your doctor’s approval.

Some products that may interact with this drug are: antihistamines applied to the skin (such as diphenhydramine cream, ointment, spray).

Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking other products that cause drowsiness such as opioid pain or cough relievers (such as codeine, hydrocodone), alcohol, marijuana (cannabis), drugs for sleep or anxiety (such as alprazolam, lorazepam, zolpidem), muscle relaxants (such as carisoprodol, cyclobenzaprine), or other antihistamines (such as cetirizine, diphenhydramine).

Check the labels on all your medicines (such as allergy or cough-and-cold products) because they may contain ingredients that cause drowsiness. Ask your pharmacist about using those products safely.

Chlorpheniramine is very similar to dexchlorpheniramine. Do not use medications containing dexchlorpheniramine while using chlorpheniramine.

This medication may interfere with certain lab tests (such as allergy skin testing), possibly causing false test results. Make sure lab personnel and all your doctors know you use this drug.

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Overdose

If someone has overdosed and has serious symptoms such as passing out or trouble breathing, call 911. Otherwise, call a poison control center right away. US residents can call their local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222. Canada residents can call a provincial poison control center. Symptoms of overdose may include: large pupils, flushing, fever, hallucinations, weakness, shaking (tremor), muscle twitching, loss of consciousness, seizures. In children, excitement may occur first, and may be followed by loss of coordination, drowsiness, loss of consciousness, seizures.

If your doctor has prescribed this medication, do not share it with others.

Keep all medical and lab appointments.

If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is near the time of your next dose, skip the missed dose. Take your next dose at the regular time. Do not double the dose to catch up.

Store at room temperature away from moisture and light. Do not store in the bathroom. Do not freeze liquid forms of this medication. Keep all medications away from children and pets.

Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. Properly discard this product when it is expired or no longer needed. Consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal company.

Images

chlorpheniramine 4 mg tablet

Color: yellowShape: roundImprint: CPC 997

This medicine is a yellow, round, scored, film-coated, tablet imprinted with “CPC 997”.

chlorpheniramine 4 mg tablet

Color: yellowShape: roundImprint: AP 016

This medicine is a yellow, round, scored, film-coated, tablet imprinted with “CPC 997”.

chlorpheniramine ER 12 mg tablet,extended release

Color: orangeShape: roundImprint: ALLERGY 12

This medicine is a yellow, round, scored, film-coated, tablet imprinted with “CPC 997”.

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Selected from data included with permission and copyrighted by First Databank, Inc. This copyrighted material has been downloaded from a licensed data provider and is not for distribution, except as may be authorized by the applicable terms of use.

CONDITIONS OF USE: The information in this database is intended to supplement, not substitute for, the expertise and judgment of healthcare professionals. The information is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, drug interactions or adverse effects, nor should it be construed to indicate that use of a particular drug is safe, appropriate or effective for you or anyone else. A healthcare professional should be consulted before taking any drug, changing any diet or commencing or discontinuing any course of treatment.

Description CHLORPHENAMINE indications, dosages, contraindications of the active substance CHLORPHENAMINE

Chlorphenamine (Chlorphenamine): description, prescription, instructions

Chlorphenamine

Analogues (generics, synonyms)

Theraflu, Coldact Flu Plus, Trigan-D, Tamipul, AntiFlu, Coldrex Hotrem, Fervex,

Antiflu Kids, Gripgo, Coldrex, Milistan, Antigrippin, Grippostad S, Coldflu, Combispasm, Novalgin, Panadol Extra, Saridon, Flukold, Grippostad, Coldr ex, Maxgripp, Kombigripp, Unispaz, Antiflu, Solpadein, Pharmacitron, Chlorphenamine

Active ingredient

Chlorphenamine (Chlorphenaminum)

Pharmacological group

org/DrugClass”>
Active substances, h2-antihistamines

Recipe

International:

Rp.: Chlorphenamini 4 mg
D.t.d. No. 10 in tab.
S. Inside, 1 tablet 4 times a day, regardless of food intake

Rp. No. 5 in pulv.
S. Inside, 1 sachet 3 times a day, regardless of food intake

Russia:

OTC

Pharmacological action

Antihistamine, antiallergic, sedative.

Pharmacodynamics

Chlorphenamine is an h2-histamine receptor blocker. Interfering with the action of the main mediator of inflammation – histamine, reduces capillary permeability, reduces swelling, vasodilation, slightly suppresses the cough center and prevents bronchospasm. It has anti-allergic, anti-edematous and antipruritic action. These effects can reduce rhinorrhea, sneezing, nasal congestion and restore breathing. The onset of action is noted 20-25 minutes after ingestion, and lasts up to 4. 5 hours.

It is not used as an independent preparation, but as an active substance it is included in the composition of combined anti-cold preparations. For example, Flucoldex has a pronounced antipyretic and analgesic effect, which provides paracetamol, chlorphenamine, which is part of the composition, as an antihistamine, reduces vascular permeability and eliminates edema and hyperemia of the mucous membranes. A combination of phenylephrine and chlorphenamine (preparations with the trade name Coldact Flu Plus, Orinol Plus, Flustop, Rinza, Rinicold, TeraFlu Extratab and others) can be added to paracetamol.

Phenylephrine is considered a safe oral decongestant. Affects adrenoreceptors of the respiratory mucosa and causes narrowing of arterioles. Thus, it eliminates mucosal edema, runny nose, nasal congestion, lacrimation, and normalizes breathing through the nose. Such a selection of active substances and a rational combination help to alleviate the symptoms of flu and colds. However, it should be remembered that it is this combination of substances that has a pronounced sedative effect and causes drowsiness.

Pharmacokinetics

After oral administration, chlorphenamine is relatively slowly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Cmax is reached in 2.5-6 hours. Bioavailability is low – 25-50%. It undergoes the effect of “first pass” through the liver. Plasma protein binding is about 70%. Chlorphenamine is widely distributed in the organs and tissues of the body, penetrates into the central nervous system.

Intensively metabolized in the liver to form desmethyl- and didesmethylchlorphenamine. The unchanged drug and its metabolites are excreted primarily in the urine. Excretion depends on urine pH and urine flow rate. In feces, only trace amounts of chlorphenamine are determined.

Chlorphenamine is characterized by significant interindividual variability in pharmacokinetic parameters: T1 / 2 varies from 2 to 43 hours.

In children, faster absorption of chlorphenamine, higher clearance and shorter T1 / 2 is observed.

How to use

Adult:

The adult dose is 4 mg 4 times a day.
Children under 5 years – half or a quarter of a tablet 2 times a day, children under one year – one quarter of a tablet twice a day with an equal interval of time between doses.

Readings

– as part of combined preparations for allergic rhinitis, rhinosinusopathy, vasomotor rhinitis, hay fever;
– for infectious diseases and SARS, accompanied by rhinitis, rhinorrhea, sinusitis, rhinopharyngitis.

Contraindications

– hypersensitivity to chlorphenamine.

Special instructions

Influence on the ability to drive vehicles and mechanisms

During the period of treatment, patients should avoid driving vehicles and other activities that require a high concentration of attention and speed of psychomotor reactions.

Side effects

From the side of the central nervous system: sedation (may disappear after a few days of treatment), weakness, drowsiness, impaired coordination of movements; when used in high doses and in children, paradoxical reactions are possible due to a stimulating effect on the central nervous system.

On the part of the hematopoietic system: in isolated cases – agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, pancytopenia, aplastic anemia.

Other: in isolated cases – exfoliative dermatitis; possible manifestations of anticholinergic action (dry mouth, decreased secretion of the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract), double vision, difficulty urinating, constipation.

Overdose

No data

Drug interactions

Chlorphenamine can disrupt the metabolism of phenytoin in the liver, which leads to an increase in its concentration in blood plasma.

When used simultaneously with drugs with anticholinergic activity, the risk of developing anticholinergic effects increases.