CPR Medical Terminology: Understanding Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

20.06.202316.06.2023 by alexxlab

What is CPR in medical terms. How is cardiopulmonary resuscitation performed. Why is CPR a crucial life-saving technique. When should CPR be administered. Who can perform CPR effectively.

Содержание

The Basics of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, commonly known as CPR, is a life-saving emergency procedure performed when a person’s breathing or heartbeat has stopped. This critical intervention combines chest compressions and artificial ventilation to maintain blood flow to vital organs, particularly the brain and heart, until advanced medical help arrives.

CPR is an essential component of:

Basic Life Support (BLS)
Basic Cardiac Life Support (BCLS)
Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS)

Understanding the medical terminology associated with CPR is crucial for healthcare professionals and the general public alike. It enables clear communication during emergencies and ensures proper execution of this life-saving technique.

The ABCs of CPR: Airway, Breathing, Circulation

The foundation of CPR lies in the “ABCs” – Airway, Breathing, and Circulation. These three elements form the core of the procedure and guide rescuers through the process.

Airway

The first step in CPR is to ensure an open airway. This involves:

Positioning the victim in a supine position on a hard surface
Lifting the chin up and back
Bringing the mandible (lower jaw) forward

An obstructed airway can be cleared using various methods:

Back blows
Manual chest thrusts
Finger sweeps (only if a visible object is present)

Breathing

Once the airway is open, the rescuer assesses breathing by looking, listening, and feeling for air movement. If there’s no spontaneous breathing, artificial ventilation is initiated.

Circulation

Chest compressions are performed to maintain blood circulation. The American Heart Association recommends a compression rate of 100-120 per minute for adults.

The Critical Timeline of CPR

Time is of the essence when it comes to CPR. Understanding the critical timeline can help emphasize the urgency of this procedure.

When breathing and heart action stop, “clinical death” occurs. Within 4-6 minutes, brain cells begin to deteriorate due to lack of oxygen. If breathing and circulation are not restored within this window, irreversible brain damage occurs, leading to “biological death.”

Is there a specific time frame for effective CPR? While immediate action is crucial, CPR can be beneficial even if started several minutes after cardiac arrest. However, the chances of successful resuscitation decrease with each passing minute.

Proper CPR Technique: Step-by-Step Guide

Performing CPR correctly is vital for its effectiveness. Here’s a step-by-step guide based on the American Heart Association’s recommendations:

Call for help or activate the emergency response system
Check for responsiveness by tapping or gently shaking the person and shouting
Position the victim supine on a hard surface
Give two rescue breaths
Check for a pulse
Begin chest compressions if there’s no pulse
Continue cycles of compressions and breaths until help arrives or the person shows signs of life

How deep should chest compressions be? For adults, aim for a depth of at least 2 inches (5 cm) but not exceeding 2.4 inches (6 cm).

Potential Risks and Complications of CPR

While CPR is a life-saving measure, it’s not without risks. Potential complications include:

Rib fractures
Damage to the liver or heart
Puncture of lungs
Injury to large blood vessels

Do the benefits of CPR outweigh the risks? In most cases, yes. The potential to save a life generally outweighs the risk of complications, especially when CPR is performed correctly.

CPR Training and Certification

Proper training is essential for effective CPR. Both healthcare providers and the general public are encouraged to learn this vital skill.

CPR certification typically involves:

Theoretical instruction on CPR principles
Hands-on practice with mannequins
Assessment of skills and knowledge

Where can one receive CPR training? Many organizations offer CPR courses, including:

American Heart Association
American Red Cross
Local hospitals and community centers
Online platforms (for theoretical knowledge, supplemented with in-person practical sessions)

Innovations in CPR: Beyond Traditional Techniques

As medical science advances, so do CPR techniques and technologies. Some recent innovations include:

Mechanical CPR Devices

These devices deliver consistent, high-quality chest compressions, reducing rescuer fatigue during prolonged resuscitation efforts.

Impedance Threshold Devices (ITDs)

ITDs enhance the negative pressure in the chest during CPR, potentially improving blood flow to the heart and brain.

Extracorporeal CPR (ECPR)

This advanced technique uses a machine to circulate blood outside the body, oxygenating it and returning it to the patient. It’s typically used in specialized settings for select cases of cardiac arrest.

Are these innovations replacing traditional CPR? While these advancements show promise, traditional CPR remains the foundation of resuscitation efforts, especially in out-of-hospital settings.

Special Considerations in CPR

CPR techniques may need to be modified in certain situations or for specific populations:

Pediatric CPR

CPR for infants and children requires adjustments in technique, including:

Gentler compressions
Different hand positions
Modified compression-to-ventilation ratios

Pregnancy

For pregnant women, CPR may involve:

Left lateral tilt to relieve pressure on major blood vessels
Consideration of perimortem cesarean section in late pregnancy

Drowning Victims

In cases of drowning, CPR often begins with rescue breaths before chest compressions, contrary to the standard approach for sudden cardiac arrest.

How do these modifications impact CPR effectiveness? When applied correctly, these adaptations can improve outcomes in specific situations by addressing the unique physiological needs of different patient groups.

Understanding these nuances in CPR application underscores the importance of comprehensive training and ongoing education for both healthcare professionals and lay rescuers. As research continues to refine our understanding of resuscitation science, CPR protocols may evolve, always with the goal of improving survival rates and neurological outcomes for cardiac arrest victims.

In conclusion, CPR remains a cornerstone of emergency medical response, bridging the critical gap between cardiac arrest and the arrival of advanced medical care. Its effectiveness, coupled with its relative simplicity, makes it a vital skill for healthcare providers and the general public alike. By understanding the medical terminology, mastering the techniques, and staying informed about advancements in the field, we can all play a role in improving survival rates from sudden cardiac arrest.

definition of cardiopulmonary+resuscitation+(cpr) by Medical dictionary

Cardiopulmonary+resuscitation+(cpr) | definition of cardiopulmonary+resuscitation+(cpr) by Medical dictionary
Cardiopulmonary+resuscitation+(cpr) | definition of cardiopulmonary+resuscitation+(cpr) by Medical dictionary

Word not found in the Dictionary and Encyclopedia.

Please try the words separately:

cardiopulmonary
resuscitation
cpr

Some articles that match your query:

Can’t find what you are looking for? Try Google site search or help us improve by submitting your definition.

Full browser
?

▲
cardiopulmonary murmur

cardiopulmonary murmur

Cardiopulmonary Obesity Syndrome

Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy

Cardiopulmonary receptors

Cardiopulmonary receptors

Cardiopulmonary receptors

Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation

Cardiopulmonary rescucitation

Cardiopulmonary rescucitation

Cardiopulmonary rescucitation

Cardiopulmonary rescucitation

Cardiopulmonary Research Science and Technology Institute

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)

cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)

cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)

cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)

cardiopulmonary resuscitation CPR

cardiopulmonary resuscitation defense

cardiopulmonary sleep study

cardiopulmonary splanchnic nerves

cardiopulmonary splanchnicnerves

Cardiopulmonary Support

cardiopulmonary transplantation

cardiopulmonary+resuscitation+(cpr)
cardiopuncture

cardiopuncture

cardiopyloric

cardiorenal

cardiorenal syndrome

cardiorespiratorily

cardiorespiratorily

cardiorespiratory

cardiorespiratory

cardiorespiratory

Cardiorespiratory arrest

Cardiorespiratory arrest

Cardiorespiratory arrest

Cardiorespiratory fitness

Cardiorespiratory fitness

cardiorespiratory murmur

Cardiorespirography

cardiorrhaphy

cardiorrhaphy

cardiorrhexis

cardioschisis

cardiosclerosis

cardiosclerosis

cardiosclerosis

cardioscope

cardioscope

cardioselective

cardioselectivity

cardiospasm

cardiospasm

Site:
Follow:

Open / Close

definition of CPR by Medical dictionary

cardiopulmonary

[kahr″de-o-pul´mo-nar″e]

pertaining to the heart and lungs.

cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) the manual application of chest compressions and ventilations to patients in cardiac arrest, done in an effort to maintain viability until advanced help arrives. This procedure is an essential component of basic life support (BLS), basic cardiac life support (BCLS), and advanced cardiac life support (ACLS).

The preliminary steps of CPR, as defined by the American Heart Association, are (1) calling for help; (2) establishing unresponsiveness in the victim by tapping or gently shaking and shouting at him or her; (3) positioning the victim in a supine position on a hard surface; (4) giving two breaths; and (5) checking the pulse. These are begun as quickly as possible; prompt action is essential for successful outcome. At the moment breathing and heart action stop, “clinical death” ensues. Within four to six minutes the cells of the brain, which are the most sensitive to lack of oxygen, begin to deteriorate. If breathing and circulation are not restored within this period of time, irreversible brain damage occurs and “biological death” takes place.

Although CPR is strongly recommended as a life-saving measure, it is not without danger; specific risks include rib fracture, damage to the liver or heart, and puncture of lungs or large blood vessels. All health care providers should receive instruction and practice in CPR under the direction of a qualified instructor. The public in general should also be encouraged to learn CPR for use in emergency situations.

Once it has been established that a person is in need of CPR, the rescuer immediately begins the “ABC’s” of CPR: Airway, Breathing, and Circulation. Opening the airway and determining by look, sound, and feel is the first step for determining whether the person will be able to resume unassisted breathing. This is accomplished by lifting the chin up and back and bringing the mandible forward. If there is no evidence of spontaneous breathing, the rescuer corrects obstruction of the airway by a foreign body, when this is indicated. This is done by one or more of the following methods: back blows, manual chest thrusts, and finger sweeps. Once the airway is open, rescue breathing is started by means of mouth-to-mouth resuscitation (see artificial respiration).

The third element of CPR is circulation, which begins by establishing the presence or absence of a pulse. If there is no pulse, compression of the chest is begun. This consists of rhythmic applications of pressure on the lower half of the sternum (NOT on the xiphoid process, which may injure the liver). For a normal-sized adult, sufficient force is used to depress the sternum about 4 to 5 cm (1½ to 2 in). This raises intrathoracic pressure and produces the output of blood from the heart. When the pressure is released, blood is allowed to flow into the heart. Compressions should be maintained for one-half second; the same length of time is allowed for the relaxation period.

Chest compression is always accompanied by rescue breathing. The two must be coordinated so that there is regular and uninterrupted circulation of blood and aeration of the lungs.

CPR is a psychomotor skill and all health care providers should keep their certification current in order to be proficient in this procedure in case of emergency. The techniques of CPR provide basic life support (BLS) in all cases of respiratory and cardiac arrest. Standards and guidelines for CPR and emergency cardiac care (ECC), including BCLS and ACLS, have been developed cooperatively by the American Heart Association and the National Academy of Sciences–National Research Council. Reprints of these standards can be obtained from local chapters of the American Heart Association or from the American Heart Association, Distribution Department, 7272 Greenville Ave., Dallas, TX 75231-4596, telephone (800) 553–6321.

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Airway: One hand is placed under the neck to extend it. With the other hand the chin is lifted so that it points upward. Sometimes this maneuver clears the airway and is all that is necessary to reinstate spontaneous breathing. Breathing: The nostrils are pinched and the chin held in position so that the rescuer’s mouth can make a tight seal over the victim’s mouth. Circulation: Compression of the chest with a downward thrust is alternated with breathing. If one person is performing CPR, he or she first blows into the victim’s lungs, applies pressure to the sternum 15 times, and then continues a cycle of 2 breaths to 15 compressions.

resuscitation

[re-sus″ĭ-ta´shun]

1. restoration to life or consciousness of one apparently dead, or whose respirations had ceased; see also artificial respiration.

2. in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as administering emergency measures to sustain life.

cardiopulmonary resuscitation see cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

resuscitation: fetus in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as administering emergency measures to improve placental perfusion or correct fetal acid-base status.

fluid resuscitation

1. the correction of fluid volume imbalances, especially in patients with burn injuries.

2. in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as administering prescribed intravenous fluids rapidly.

mouth-to-mouth resuscitation a method of artificial respiration in which the rescuer covers the patient’s mouth with his own and exhales vigorously, inflating the patient’s lungs.

resuscitation: neonate in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as administering emergency measures to support adaptation of the neonate to extrauterine life.

CPR

Abbreviation for cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012

CPR

abbr.

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

CPR

Abbreviation for:
C-peptide reactivity
Capital Payments & Receipts return (Medspeak-UK)
cardiopulmonary resuscitation (Medspeak-UK)
cerebral perfusion reserve
Child Protection Register (Medspeak-UK)
Coalition for Patient Rights
complete pathologic response
computerised patient record
contraceptive prevalence rate
cumulative pregnancy rate

CPR

Emergency medicine Cardiopulmonary resuscitation Those activities–artificial breathing and external chest compression intended to maintain the heart pump, performed on a person to revive him/her from apparent death, when the heart and/or lungs are not functioning. See ABC sequence, CAB sequence, Cough CPR.

CPR

Abbreviation for cardiopulmonary resuscitation; computer-based patient record.

CPR

Abbrev. for cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)

Using rescue breathing and chest compressions to help a person whose breathing and heartbeat have stopped

Mentioned in: Ventricular Fibrillation

Page not found – Heart Failure Matters

News

ESC Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Heart Failure: What Patients Need to Know

Select language

Home » Error 404: Page not found

Increase text size
Reduce text size
Print this page
Send page by email

Sorry, the requested page was not found.

Most likely, the page you are looking for no longer exists or has been moved to another section.

Use the menu on the left or the site map to find the page you need.

If the problem persists and even after searching you cannot find the resource you are looking for, please email us at [email protected].

Thank you!

European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of heart failure

What patients need to know

This European Society of Cardiology (ESC) patient guide is a summary of the most current evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of heart failure.

In particular, it is designed to help patients understand:

what are the main types of heart failure;
what medicines are used to treat heart failure;
which devices can be used;
why full rehabilitation is important;
how important is treatment by medical specialists of different profiles;
how important it is to take care of yourself and control your condition.

To learn more

Download recommendations

ANIMATED JOURNEY OF HEART FAILURE

A series of simple and entertaining animated videos explaining heart failure and its treatment

These videos explain how a healthy heart works, what happens in heart failure, and how various treatments can help improve your health

How a healthy heart works

What happens in heart failure

How the heart and other organs adapt to heart failure

How heart failure causes fluid retention

How myocardial infarction can cause heart failure

How valve dysfunction causes heart failure

How vasodilators work in heart failure

How diuretics work in heart failure

How the auxiliary circulatory systems work in cardiac

VIDEOS OF PATIENTS AND STAFF

In this section you can see, hear or read interviews with other heart failure patients or caregivers

Fitness patient

Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) patient

BLI as preparation for transplantation

Changing lifestyle and staying optimistic

Living with heart failure devices

Difficulty in making a diagnosis

Life with an artificial left ventricle (LVV)

VISIT OUR FACEBOOK PAGE

And share your opinions and experiences with other patients, their families and carers.

https://www.facebook.com/heartfailurematters

heartfailurematters.org — website of the European Society of Cardiology

The website heartfailurematters.org was created under the direction of the Association of Heart Failure Specialists of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). ESC is a world leader in the discovery and dissemination of advanced methods of cardiovascular medicine. Our members and decision makers are medical professionals who volunteer their time and knowledge as cardiologists in Europe and beyond.

First Aid: Basic CPR

: +7 (812) 565-19-25
multichannel from 10:00 to 17:00

English

Show/hide

News
Events
Materials and articles

Print version

Seminar

18
november

On November 18, the St. Petersburg Center for Postgraduate Education of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia hosted a training on “Basic Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation”, which was attended by nurses from clinics in St. Petersburg, Moscow, Vologda, cosmetologists, senior students of the Military Medical Academy, as well as representatives professions not related to medicine.

– This training, developed by the specialists of our Center, is specially focused not only and not so much on nursing staff, but on employees of industrial enterprises, hotel and tourism businesses, sports and recreation organizations, sanatorium complexes, transport companies, security companies, shopping centers, educational organizations and anyone who just wants to learn how to properly provide first aid, – said the teacher of CVE Irina Nikolaevna Balandina , who conducted the training. — This lesson is the first one under this program. And we hope that further dissemination of information about the training will attract more interested people to us, because in a good way, every person, even those with education far from medical, should have first aid skills.

According to the WHO, 70% of victims die due to failure to provide them with first aid. And providing first aid to victims during the first 3-5 minutes after cardiac arrest contributes to their survival in 40-50% of cases. Every minute of delay reduces the chance of survival by 10-20%.

At the training in cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the trainees learned the algorithm of first aid, the basic technique of “artificial respiration”, safety rules that must be observed when providing first aid to victims. The practical skills of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and assistance to the victim when a foreign body enters the respiratory tract were worked out in the simulation laboratory of the Center using simulation equipment, phantoms and mekens.

— I liked the training. The material was presented in an accessible form, there were no obscure terms. Particularly useful was the practical work with mannequins – I felt what force and frequency the pressure on the chest should be during “artificial respiration”. Of course, I don’t want this knowledge to be useful, but it’s very important to have it,” a participant, a journalist, shared after the training Svetlana Vakhrusheva .

Basic CPR training is the first of three possible topics in the Basic First Aid module. Participants of this seminar, who successfully passed it, receive a certificate giving the right to study on the second and third topics of the basic module under the First Aid program.

The program “First Aid” was developed by the teachers of the St. Petersburg Center for Postgraduate Education of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia, taking into account the recommendations of the European Resuscitation Council (ERC) 2010, based on the program of the International Red Cross, in accordance with the requirements of the Federal Law of November 21, 2011 No. 323- Federal Law “On the fundamentals of protecting the health of citizens in the Russian Federation”, Order No. 477n dated 04.05.2012 “On approval of the list of conditions in which first aid is provided, and the List of first aid measures.