What is paronychia. How does paronychia manifest. What causes paronychia infections. How is paronychia diagnosed and treated. Can paronychia be prevented. What are the potential complications of paronychia.

Understanding Paronychia: A Common Nail Infection

Paronychia is a skin infection that affects the area around fingernails or toenails, typically impacting the cuticle or sides of the nail. This condition can manifest in two forms: acute paronychia, which develops suddenly and is often short-lived, and chronic paronychia, which persists over time or recurs frequently.

Is paronychia a serious condition? Generally, paronychia is not severe and can be managed with home remedies. However, in some cases, it may require medical intervention, especially if it develops into a more severe infection.

Recognizing the Symptoms of Paronychia

The onset of paronychia is characterized by several distinctive symptoms:

• Pain and swelling around the nail
• Redness in the affected area
• Formation of pus-filled pockets (abscesses) in acute cases
• Breakdown of the cuticle in chronic cases
• Potential nail separation from the skin in severe instances
• Thickening and deformation of the nail in prolonged cases

How quickly does paronychia progress? The progression rate depends on the type of paronychia. Bacterial paronychia can worsen rapidly, while fungal paronychia typically develops more slowly over time.

Causes and Risk Factors for Paronychia

Paronychia occurs when the skin surrounding the nail becomes irritated or injured, allowing bacteria or fungi to enter and cause an infection. Common causes include:

• Nail biting, chewing, or picking
• Hangnail pulling
• Finger sucking
• Ingrown toenails
• Prolonged exposure to moisture
• Irritant dermatitis

Who is at higher risk for developing paronychia? Certain groups are more susceptible to paronychia, including:

• Adult women
• People with diabetes
• Individuals with weakened immune systems
• Those whose occupations involve frequent hand-washing or exposure to chemicals (e.g., bartenders, dishwashers, food handlers)

Diagnosing Paronychia: What to Expect

How is paronychia diagnosed? In most cases, a healthcare professional can diagnose paronychia through a simple physical examination. Special tests are typically unnecessary. However, in some instances, your doctor may collect a sample of fluid or pus from the infected area to identify the specific bacteria or fungus causing the infection.

The Importance of Accurate Diagnosis

Why is proper diagnosis crucial? Accurate identification of the underlying cause helps determine the most effective treatment approach, whether it’s antibiotics for bacterial infections or antifungal medications for fungal cases.

Effective Prevention Strategies for Paronychia

Preventing paronychia involves maintaining good nail hygiene and protecting your hands from excessive moisture and harsh chemicals. Here are some preventive measures:

1. Avoid injuring nails and fingertips
2. Refrain from biting or picking nails
3. Keep nails trimmed and smooth
4. Don’t cut nails too short
5. Avoid cutting or scraping cuticles
6. Use clean nail clippers or scissors
7. Wear gloves when working with water or harsh chemicals
8. Change socks daily and alternate shoes to allow them to dry completely

How effective are these preventive measures? While these strategies significantly reduce the risk of developing paronychia, they may not eliminate it entirely, especially for individuals in high-risk occupations or with predisposing health conditions.

Treatment Options for Paronychia

The treatment approach for paronychia varies depending on the severity and type of infection:

Home Remedies for Mild Cases

For acute paronychia, soaking the affected nail in warm water 3 to 4 times a day can help alleviate pain and swelling. This treatment is often effective for mild cases, promoting healing within a few days.

Medical Interventions for Severe Cases

When should you seek medical attention for paronychia? If the infection is particularly painful, doesn’t improve with home care, or develops a pus-filled abscess, it’s crucial to consult a healthcare professional. Medical treatments may include:

• Prescription antibiotics for bacterial infections
• Antifungal medications for fungal infections
• Drainage of abscesses in severe cases

For chronic paronychia, treatment focuses on keeping the nails dry and protected from harsh chemicals. This may involve wearing gloves or using skin-drying creams. Depending on the cause, antifungal or antibiotic treatments may be necessary.

Living with Paronychia: Management and Potential Complications

While paronychia typically responds well to treatment, it’s essential to be aware of potential complications:

• Permanent nail damage (rare)
• Risk of infection spreading to deeper tissues, bones, or bloodstream in individuals with diabetes
• In extreme cases, potential loss of fingers, toes, or limbs due to deep infection

When should you contact your doctor about paronychia? Seek medical attention if:

• Treatment doesn’t improve symptoms
• You develop a fever or chills
• Red streaks appear around the infected area

Paronychia in Special Populations: Considerations and Risks

Certain groups may require special attention when managing paronychia:

Paronychia in Diabetic Patients

Why is paronychia potentially more serious in people with diabetes? Diabetic individuals are at higher risk of developing complications from paronychia due to compromised immune function and potential circulation issues. These factors can lead to slower healing and increased risk of infection spread.

Paronychia in Immunocompromised Individuals

How does a weakened immune system affect paronychia management? People with weakened immune systems, such as those undergoing organ transplant treatments or living with HIV, may experience more severe or persistent paronychia. These individuals often require more aggressive treatment approaches and closer monitoring.

Emerging Research and Future Treatments for Paronychia

While current treatments for paronychia are generally effective, ongoing research aims to improve management strategies and develop new therapeutic approaches.

Potential Advancements in Paronychia Treatment

What new treatments might be on the horizon for paronychia? Some areas of research include:

• Development of more targeted antimicrobial therapies
• Exploration of natural remedies with antimicrobial properties
• Investigation of novel drug delivery methods for improved efficacy
• Research into preventive measures for high-risk populations

How might these advancements impact paronychia management? Future treatments could potentially offer faster resolution of symptoms, reduced risk of recurrence, and more effective prevention strategies, particularly for individuals prone to chronic paronychia.

The Role of Nail Care in Overall Health

Proper nail care extends beyond preventing paronychia; it plays a crucial role in maintaining overall health and well-being.

Nails as Indicators of Health

How can nail appearance reflect overall health? Changes in nail color, texture, or shape can sometimes indicate underlying health conditions, including:

• Nutritional deficiencies
• Skin disorders
• Systemic diseases
• Circulatory problems

Regular nail care and observation can help detect these issues early, potentially leading to earlier diagnosis and treatment of underlying conditions.

Promoting Healthy Nails Beyond Paronychia Prevention

What additional steps can individuals take to maintain healthy nails? Consider the following practices:

• Maintaining a balanced diet rich in vitamins and minerals
• Staying hydrated to support nail health
• Using moisturizers to keep nails and surrounding skin supple
• Avoiding harsh nail products and excessive use of nail polish removers
• Protecting nails from excessive exposure to water and chemicals

By incorporating these habits into regular nail care routines, individuals can promote overall nail health and potentially reduce the risk of various nail-related issues, including paronychia.

Psychological Impact of Chronic Paronychia

While often considered primarily a physical condition, chronic paronychia can have significant psychological effects on those affected.

Emotional and Social Consequences

How does chronic paronychia impact an individual’s emotional well-being? Persistent nail infections can lead to:

• Decreased self-esteem due to the appearance of affected nails
• Anxiety about potential spread of infection
• Social embarrassment, particularly in professions requiring frequent hand exposure
• Frustration with recurrent symptoms and treatment challenges

Coping Strategies and Support

What strategies can help individuals cope with the psychological impact of chronic paronychia? Consider the following approaches:

• Seeking support from healthcare providers or support groups
• Practicing stress-reduction techniques to manage anxiety
• Focusing on overall self-care and well-being
• Exploring cosmetic options to improve nail appearance when appropriate

Addressing both the physical and emotional aspects of chronic paronychia can lead to improved overall quality of life for affected individuals.

Paronychia in the Workplace: Occupational Considerations

Certain professions carry a higher risk of developing paronychia due to frequent hand exposure to moisture, chemicals, or potential injuries.

High-Risk Occupations

Which professions are most susceptible to paronychia? Occupations with increased risk include:

• Healthcare workers (due to frequent hand washing and glove use)
• Food service industry employees
• Cleaning and janitorial staff
• Hairdressers and beauticians
• Mechanics and other workers handling chemicals or irritants

Workplace Prevention Strategies

How can employers and employees mitigate the risk of paronychia in high-risk occupations? Consider implementing the following measures:

• Providing appropriate protective equipment, such as gloves
• Offering hand care education and resources
• Ensuring access to gentle, effective hand cleansing products
• Encouraging regular breaks for hand care and drying
• Implementing workplace policies that support nail health

By addressing occupational risk factors, both employers and employees can contribute to reducing the incidence of paronychia in the workplace.

The Future of Paronychia Management: Integrating Technology

As technology continues to advance, new opportunities arise for improving the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of paronychia.

Telemedicine and Remote Diagnosis

How might telemedicine impact paronychia management? The rise of telehealth services offers potential benefits such as:

• Quicker access to healthcare professionals for initial assessment
• Remote monitoring of treatment progress
• Improved access to specialists for complex cases
• Reduced need for in-person visits for mild cases

Innovative Treatment Approaches

What new technologies might shape future paronychia treatments? Emerging innovations include:

• Advanced imaging techniques for more accurate diagnosis
• Nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems for targeted treatment
• Smart wearables for monitoring nail health and early detection of issues
• AI-assisted diagnosis and treatment planning

These technological advancements hold the potential to revolutionize paronychia management, offering more personalized, efficient, and effective care for individuals affected by this common nail condition.

Paronychia – Skin Infection – Acute and Chronic

What is paronychia?

Paronychia is a skin infection around the fingernails or toenails. It usually affects the skin at the base (cuticle) or up the sides of the nail. There are two types of paronychia:

• Acute paronychia – comes on suddenly and may not last long; it usually occurs on fingers.
• Chronic paronychia – lasts longer and may occur on your fingers or toes. It either doesn’t get better or keeps coming back.

Paronychia can happen to adults and children. Usually it isn’t serious and can be treated at home.

What are the symptoms of paronychia?

Typically, paronychia begins with pain, swelling and redness around the base or the sides of the nail. Acute paronychia can cause pus-filled pockets (abscesses) to form.

Chronic paronychia may cause the cuticle to break down. This type of paronychia may eventually cause the nail to separate from the skin. The nail may become thick, hard, and deformed.

Paronychia caused by bacteria can get worse quickly. Fungus-caused paronychia typically gets worse slowly over time.

What causes paronychia?

Paronychia happens when the skin around the nail gets irritated or injured. Germs get into the skin and cause an infection. These germs can be bacteria or a fungus.

Often, the skin is injured because of biting, chewing, or picking at the nails. It can also be caused by pulling hangnails or sucking on fingers. An ingrown toenail can also cause paronychia.

Moisture allows certain germs, such as candida (a type of fungus) and bacteria to grow. People whose hands may be wet for long periods of time are at higher risk for chronic paronychia. These may include bartenders, dishwashers, food handlers, or housecleaners. Chronic paronychia may also be caused by irritant dermatitis, a condition that makes skin red and itchy. Once the skin is irritated, germs can take hold and cause an infection.

Paronychia is more common in adult women and in people who have diabetes. People who have weak immune systems are also at higher risk of getting paronychia. This includes people who must take medicine after having an organ transplant or people who are infected with HIV.

How is paronychia diagnosed?

Your doctor can diagnose paronychia with a simple physical exam. Special tests aren’t usually necessary. Your doctor may want to send a sample of fluid or pus to a laboratory. There they can identify the bacteria or fungus that is causing the infection.

Prevention

Can paronychia be prevented or avoided?

The best away to avoid acute paronychia is to take good care of your nails.

• Avoid injuring your nails and fingertips.
• Don’t bite or pick your nails.
• Keep your nails trimmed and smooth.
• Avoid cutting nails too short.
• Don’t scrape or trim your cuticles, as this can injure the skin.
• Use clean nail clippers or scissors.

You can avoid chronic paronychia by keeping your hands dry and free from chemicals. Wear gloves when working with water or harsh chemicals. Change socks at least every day, and do not wear the same shoes for two days in a row. This allows them to dry out completely.

How is paronychia treated?

Treatment for paronychia depends on how severe the infection is. If you have acute paronychia, soaking the infected nail in warm water 3 to 4 times a day can help reduce pain and swelling. It should heal up in a few days. If the infection is very painful, doesn’t get better with home care, or has a pus-filled abscess, you may need to see your doctor. Your doctor may prescribe antibiotics if your paronychia is caused by bacteria. He or she may prescribe antifungal medicines if your infection is caused by a fungus.

If you have an abscess, your doctor may need to drain it. Your doctor will numb the area, separate the skin from the base or sides of the nail, and drain the pus.

If you have chronic paronychia, it is important to keep your nails dry and protect them from harsh chemicals. You may need to wear gloves or use a skin-drying cream to protect skin from moisture. You may need an antifungal medicine or antibiotic, depending on what is causing the infection.

Paronychia caused by a fungus can be hard to get rid of. Be patient and follow your doctor’s recommendations. If the infection does not clear up, be sure to tell your doctor.

Living With Paronychia

Most of the time, paronychia responds well to treatment. But sometimes complications can happen.

Rarely, paronychia can cause permanent damage to your nail. If you have diabetes, there’s a risk that paronychia could spread to deeper tissues and bones, or into the bloodstream and other parts of the body. In extreme cases of deep infection, paronychia can result in the loss of fingers, toes, or limbs.

Be sure to contact your doctor if:

• Treatment doesn’t help your symptoms
• You have a fever or chills
• Red streaks appear on your skin, running from the infected area toward your body (for example, up your foot from your toes or up your hand or wrist from your fingers)
• You have joint or muscle pain

Questions to Ask Your Doctor

• What kind of paronychia do I have?
• Is my paronychia caused by bacteria?
• What treatment is best for me?
• Do I need to take an antibiotic?
• Will my nail ever go back to normal?
• I have diabetes. How can I clear up my paronychia?
• My symptoms aren’t getting better. What should I do?
• I get ingrown toenailsa lot. What can I do to prevent paronychia?

Acute and Chronic Paronychia | AAFP

DIMITRIS RIGOPOULOS, MD, GEORGE LARIOS, MD, MS, STAMATIS GREGORIOU, MD, AND ALEVIZOS ALEVIZOS, MD

Am Fam Physician. 2008;77(3):339-346

A more recent article on paronychia is available.

Patient information: See related handout on chronic paronychia, written by the authors of this article.

Author disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Paronychia is an inflammation of the folds of tissue surrounding the nail of a toe or finger. Paronychia may be classified as either acute or chronic. The main factor associated with the development of acute paronychia is direct or indirect trauma to the cuticle or nail fold. This enables pathogens to inoculate the nail, resulting in infection. Treatment options for acute paronychia include warm compresses; topical antibiotics, with or without corticosteroids; oral antibiotics; or surgical incision and drainage for more severe cases. Chronic paronychia is a multifactorial inflammatory reaction of the proximal nail fold to irritants and allergens. The patient should avoid exposure to contact irritants; treatment of underlying inflammation and infection is recommended, using a combination of a broad-spectrum topical antifungal agent and a corticosteroid. Application of emollient lotions may be beneficial. Topical steroid creams are more effective than systemic antifungals in the treatment of chronic paronychia. In recalcitrant chronic paronychia, en bloc excision of the proximal nail fold is an option. Alternatively, an eponychial marsupialization, with or without nail removal, may be performed.

Paronychia (synonymous with perionychia) is an inflammatory reaction involving the folds of tissue surrounding a fingernail or toenail. The condition is the result of infection and may be classified as acute or chronic. This article discusses the etiology, predisposing factors, clinical manifestation, diagnosis, and treatment of acute and chronic paronychia.

Clinical recommendation	Evidence rating	References
The digital pressure test may be helpful in the early stages of paronychial infection when there is doubt about the presence or extent of an abscess.	C	14
There is no evidence that treatment with oral antibiotics is any better or worse than incision and drainage for acute paronychia.	C	23
Topical steroids are more effective than systemic antifungals in the treatment of chronic paronychia.	B	21
Patients with simple chronic paronychia should be treated with a broad-spectrum topical antifungal agent and should be instructed to avoid contact irritants.	C	22

Nail Structure and Function

The nail is a complex unit composed of five major modified cutaneous structures: the nail matrix, nail plate, nail bed, cuticle (eponychium), and nail folds¹(Figure 1). The cuticle is an outgrowth of the proximal fold and is situated between the skin of the digit and the nail plate, fusing these structures together.² This configuration provides a waterproof seal from external irritants, allergens, and pathogens.

Acute Paronychia

ETIOLOGY AND PREDISPOSING FACTORS

The most common cause of acute paronychia is direct or indirect trauma to the cuticle or nail fold. Such trauma may be relatively minor, resulting from ordinary events, such as dishwashing, an injury from a splinter or thorn, onychophagia (nail biting), biting or picking at a hangnail, finger sucking, an ingrown nail, manicure procedures (trimming or pushing back the cuticles), artificial nail application, or other nail manipulation.^3–5 Such trauma enables bacterial inoculation of the nail and subsequent infection. The most common causative pathogen is Staphylococcus aureus, although Streptococcus pyogenes, Pseudomonas pyocyanea, and Proteus vulgaris can also cause paronychia.^3,6,7 In patients with exposure to oral flora, other anaerobic gram-negative bacteria may also be involved. Acute paronychia can also develop as a complication of chronic paronychia.⁸ Rarely, acute paronychia occurs as a manifestation of other disorders affecting the digits, such as pemphigus vulgaris. ⁹

CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS

In patients with acute paronychia, only one nail is typically involved.¹⁰ The condition is characterized by rapid onset of erythema, edema, and discomfort or tenderness of the proximal and lateral nail folds,¹¹ usually two to five days after the trauma. Patients with paronychia may initially present with only superficial infection and accumulation of purulent material under the nail fold, as indicated by drainage of pus when the nail fold is compressed^12,13(Figure 2). An untreated infection may evolve into a subungual abscess, with pain and inflammation of the nail matrix.¹¹ As a consequence, transient or permanent dystrophy of the nail plate may occur.¹⁰ Pus formation can proximally separate the nail from its underlying attachment, causing elevation of the nail plate.^10,11 Recurrent acute paronychia may evolve into chronic paronychia.^7,12

DIAGNOSIS

The diagnosis of acute paronychia is based on a history of minor trauma and findings on physical examination of nail folds. The digital pressure test may be helpful in the early stages of infection when there is doubt about the presence or extent of an abscess.¹⁴ The test is performed by having the patient oppose the thumb and affected finger, thereby applying light pressure to the distal volar aspect of the affected digit. The increase in pressure within the nail fold (particularly in the abscess cavity) causes blanching of the overlying skin and clear demarcation of the abscess. In patients with severe infection or abscess, a specimen should be obtained to identify the responsible pathogen and to rule out methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) infection.¹³

DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

Psoriasis and Reiter syndrome may also involve the proximal nail fold and can mimic acute paronychia.¹⁰ Recurrent acute paronychia should raise suspicion for herpetic whitlow, which typically occurs in health care professionals as a result of topical inoculation.¹² This condition may also affect apparently healthy children after a primary oral herpes infection. Herpetic whitlow appears as single or grouped blisters with a honeycomb appearance close to the nail.⁸ Diagnosis can be confirmed by Tzanck testing or viral culture. Incision and drainage is contraindicated in patients with herpetic whitlow. Suppressive therapy with a seven-to 10-day course of acyclovir 5% ointment or cream (Zovirax) or an oral antiviral agent such as acyclovir, famciclovir (Famvir), or valacyclovir (Valtrex) has been proposed, but evidence from clinical trials is lacking.¹⁵

MEDICAL TREATMENT

Treatment of acute paronychia is determined by the degree of inflammation.¹² If an abscess has not formed, the use of warm water compresses and soaking the affected digit in Burow’s solution (i.e., aluminum acetate)¹⁰ or vinegar may be effective.^5,11 Acetaminophen or a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug should be considered for symptomatic relief. Mild cases may be treated with an antibiotic cream (e.g., mupirocin [Bactroban], gentamicin, bacitracin/neomycin/polymyxin B [Neosporin]) alone or in combination with a topical corticosteroid. The combination of topical antibiotic and corticosteroid such as betamethasone (Diprolene) is safe and effective for treatment of uncomplicated acute bacterial paronychia and seems to offer advantages compared with topical antibiotics alone.⁷

For persistent lesions, oral antistaphylococcal antibiotic therapy should be used in conjunction with warm soaks.^11,16,17 Patients with exposure to oral flora via finger sucking or hangnail biting should be treated against anaerobes with a broad-spectrum oral antibiotic (e.g., amoxicillin/clavulanate [Augmentin], clindamycin [Cleocin]) because of possible S. aureus and Bacteroides resistance to penicillin and ampicillin.^3,11,17,18 Medications commonly used in the treatment of acute paronychia are listed in Table 1.^{3,10–13,17–22}

Drug	Typical dosage		Comments
Antibiotics (oral)
Amoxicillin/clavulanate (Augmentin)*	500 mg/125 mg orally three times daily for seven days		Dosage adjustment may be necessary in patients with renal impairment; cross-sensitivity documented with cephalosporins; diarrhea may occur
		or
	875 mg/125 mg orally twice daily for seven days
Clindamycin (Cleocin)*	150 to 450 mg orally three or four times daily (not to exceed 1. 8 g daily) for seven days		Adjust dosage in patients with severe hepatic dysfunction; associated with severe and possibly fatal colitis; inform patient to report severe diarrhea immediately
Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX; Bactrim, Septra)*	160 mg/800 mg orally twice daily for seven days		High doses may cause bone marrow depression; discontinue therapy if significant hematologic changes occur; caution in folate or glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
Antibiotics (topical)
Bacitracin/neomycin/polymyxin B ointment (Neosporin)	Three times daily for five to 10 days		Overgrowth of nonsusceptible organisms with prolonged use
Gentamicin ointment	Three or four times daily for five to 10 days		—
Mupirocin ointment (Bactroban)	Two to four times daily for five to 10 days		Avoid contact with eyes; may irritate mucous membranes; resistance may result with prolonged use
Antifungal agents (oral)
Fluconazole (Diflucan)	100 mg orally once daily for seven to 14 days		Hepatotoxicity and QT prolongation may occur
Itraconazole (Sporanox)	200 mg orally twice daily for seven days		Antacids may reduce absorption; edema may occur with coadministration of calcium channel blockers; rhabdomyolysis may occur with coadministration of statins; inhibition of cytochrome P450 hepatic enzymes may cause increased levels of many drugs
Nystatin (Mycostatin) 200,000-unit pastilles	One or two pastilles four times daily for seven to 14 days		Adverse effects include nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea
Antifungal agents (topical)
Ciclopirox topical suspension (Loprox TS)	Twice daily until clinical resolution (one month maximum)		Avoid contact with eyes and mucous membranes
Clotrimazole cream (Lotrimin)	Three times daily until clinical resolution (one month maximum)		Avoid contact with eyes; if irritation or sensitivity develops, discontinue use and begin appropriate therapy
Econazole cream (Spectazole)	Three or four times daily until clinical resolution (one month maximum)		Avoid contact with eyes; if irritation or sensitivity develops, discontinue use and begin appropriate therapy
Ketoconazole cream (Nizoral; brand no longer available in the United States)	Once or twice daily until clinical resolution (one month maximum)		Avoid contact with eyes; if irritation or sensitivity develops, discontinue use and begin appropriate therapy
Nystatin cream	Three times daily until clinical resolution (one month maximum)		Avoid contact with eyes; if irritation or sensitivity develops, discontinue use and begin appropriate therapy
Antiviral agents for herpetic whitlow
Acyclovir (Zovirax) †	200 mg orally five times daily for 10 days		Nausea, vomiting, rash, deposition in renal tubules, and central nervous system symptoms may occur
Famciclovir (Famvir)†	250 mg orally twice daily for 10 days		Dosage adjustment recommended in patients with renal impairment
Valacyclovir (Valtrex)†	500 mg orally twice daily for 10 days		Associated with onset of hemolytic uremic syndrome
Corticosteroids (topical)
Betamethasone 0. 05% cream (Diprolene)	Twice daily for one to two weeks		If infection develops and is not responsive to antibiotic treatment, discontinue use until infection is controlled
Betamethasone valerate 0.1% solution or lotion (Beta-Val)	Once or twice daily for one to two weeks		Prolonged therapy over large body surface areas may suppress adrenal function; if infection develops, discontinue use until infection is controlled
Combination antifungal agent and corticosteroid
Nystatin and triamcinolone cream (Mytrex; brand no longer available in the United States)	Two or three times daily until the cuticle has regrown		Check precautions for both components

SURGICAL TREATMENT

Although surgical intervention for paronychia is generally recommended when an abscess is present, no studies have compared the use of oral antibiotics with incision and drainage. ²³ Superficial infections can be easily drained with a size 11 scalpel or a comedone extractor.¹² Pain is quickly relieved after drainage.¹⁷ Another simple technique to drain a paronychial abscess involves lifting the nail fold with the tip of a 21- or 23-gauge needle, followed immediately by passive oozing of pus from the nail bed; this technique does not require anesthesia or daily dressing.²⁴ If there is no clear response within two days, deep surgical incision under local anesthesia (digital nerve block) may be needed, particularly in children.^8,10,11 The proximal one third of the nail plate can be removed without initial incisional drainage. This technique gives more rapid relief and more sustained drainage, especially in patients with paronychia resulting from an ingrown nail.^8,17,19 Complicated infections can occur in immunosuppressed patients and in patients with diabetes or untreated infections.^11,16 Preventive measures for acute paronychia are described in Table 2. ^{3,10,13,19,20}

Chronic Paronychia

ETIOLOGY AND PREDISPOSING FACTORS

Chronic paronychia is a multifactorial inflammatory reaction of the proximal nail fold to irritants and allergens. ^12,19–21 This disorder can be the result of numerous conditions, such as dish washing, finger sucking, aggressively trimming the cuticles, and frequent contact with chemicals (e.g., mild alkalis, acids).

In chronic paronychia, the cuticle separates from the nail plate, leaving the region between the proximal nail fold and the nail plate vulnerable to infection by bacterial and fungal pathogens.^12,21 Chronic paronychia has been reported in laundry workers, house and office cleaners, food handlers, cooks, dishwashers, bartenders, chefs, fishmongers, confectioners, nurses, and swimmers. In such cases, colonization with Candida albicans or bacteria may occur in the lesion.^19,21

There is some disagreement about the importance and role of Candida in chronic paronychia.^10,21 Although Candida is often isolated in patients with chronic paronychia, this condition is not a type of onychomycosis, but rather a variety of hand dermatitis²¹ caused by environmental exposure (Figure 3). In many cases, Candida disappears when the physiologic barrier is restored.¹²

Chronic paronychia can result as a complication of acute paronychia²⁰ in patients who do not receive appropriate treatment.⁷ Chronic paronychia often occurs in persons with diabetes.³ The use of systemic drugs, such as retinoids and protease inhibitors (e.g., indinavir [Crixivan], lamivudine [Epivir]), may cause chronic paronychia. Indinavir is the most common cause of chronic or recurrent paronychia of the toes or fingers in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus. The mechanism of indinavir-induced retinoid-like effects is unclear.^25,26 Paronychia has also been reported in patients taking cetuximab (Erbitux), an anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibody used in the treatment of solid tumors.^27,28

DIAGNOSIS

Diagnosis of chronic paronychia is based on physical examination of the nail folds and a history of continuous immersion of hands in water¹⁰; contact with soap, detergents, or other chemicals; or systemic drug use (retinoids, antiretroviral agents, anti-EGFR antibodies). Clinical manifestations are similar to those of acute paronychia: erythema, tenderness, and swelling, with retraction of the proximal nail fold and absence of the adjacent cuticle. Pus may form below the nail fold.⁸ One or several fingernails are usually affected, typically the thumb and second or third fingers of the dominant hand.¹³ The nail plate becomes thickened and discolored, with pronounced transverse ridges such as Beau’s lines (resulting from inflammation of the nail matrix), and nail loss^8,10,13(Figure 4). Chronic paronychia generally has been present for at least six weeks at the time of diagnosis.^10,12 The condition usually has a prolonged course with recurrent, self-limited episodes of acute exacerbation.¹³

DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

Other entities affecting the fingertip, such as squamous cell carcinoma of the nail^29,30(Figure 5), malignant melanoma, and metastases from malignant tumors,³¹ may mimic paronychia. Physicians should consider the possibility of carcinoma when a chronic inflammatory process is unresponsive to treatment.³⁰ Any suspicion for the aforementioned entities should prompt biopsy. Several diseases affecting the digits, such as eczema, psoriasis, and Reiter syndrome, may involve the nail folds.¹⁰

TREATMENT

Treatment of chronic paronychia includes avoiding exposure to contact irritants and appropriate management of underlying inflammation or infection.^12,20 A broad-spectrum topical antifungal agent can be used to treat the condition and prevent recurrence.²² Application of emollient lotions to lubricate the nascent cuticle and the hands is usually beneficial. One randomized controlled trial assigned 45 adults with chronic paronychia to treatment with a systemic antifungal agent (itraconazole [Sporanox] or terbinafine [Lamisil]) or a topical steroid cream (methylprednisolone aceponate [Advantan, not available in the United States]) for three weeks. ²¹ After nine weeks, more patients in the topical steroid group were improved or cured (91 versus 49 percent; P < .01; number needed to treat = 2.4).

The presence or absence of Candida seems to be unrelated to the effectiveness of treatment. Given their lower risks and costs compared with systemic antifungals, topical steroids should be the first-line treatment for patients with chronic paronychia.²¹ Alternatively, topical treatment with a combination of steroid and antifungal agents may also be used in patients with simple chronic paronychia, although data showing the superiority of this treatment to steroid use alone are lacking.¹⁹ Intralesional corticosteroid administration (triamcinolone [Amcort]) may be used in refractory cases.^8,19 Systemic corticosteroids may be used for treatment of inflammation and pain for a limited period in patients with severe paronychia involving several fingernails.

If patients with chronic paronychia do not respond to topical therapy and avoidance of contact with water and irritants, a trial of systemic antifungals may be useful before attempting invasive approaches. Commonly used medications for chronic paronychia are listed in Table 1.^{3,10–13,17–22}

In patients with recalcitrant chronic paronychia, en bloc excision of the proximal nail fold is effective. Simultaneous avulsion of the nail plate (total or partial, restricted to the base of the nail plate) improves surgical outcomes.^8,32 Alternatively, an eponychial marsupialization, with or without nail removal, may be performed.³³ This technique involves excision of a semicircular skin section proximal to the nail fold and parallel to the eponychium, expanding to the edge of the nail fold on both sides.³³ Paronychia induced by the EGFR inhibitor cetuximab can be treated with an antibiotic such as doxycycline (Vibramycin).²⁸ In patients with paronychia induced by indinavir, substitution of an alternative antiretroviral regimen that retains lamivudine and other protease inhibitors can resolve retinoid-like manifestations without recurrences. ²⁵

Preventive measures for chronic paronychia are described in Table 2.^{3,10,13,19,20}

PROGNOSIS

Chronic paronychia responds slowly to treatment. Resolution usually takes several weeks or months, but the slow improvement rate should not discourage physicians and patients. In mild to moderate cases, nine weeks of drug treatment usually is effective. In recalcitrant cases, en bloc excision of the proximal nail fold with nail avulsion may result in significant cure rates. Successful treatment outcomes also depend on preventive measures taken by the patient (e.g., having a water barrier in the nail fold). If the patient is not treated, sporadic, self-limiting, painful episodes of acute inflammation should be expected as the result of continuous penetration of various pathogens.

Inflammation of the cuticle after trimming manicure – causes, treatment with drugs and folk remedies, prevention

The cuticle is a part of the skin located at the base of the nail, which fits snugly against the nail plate. Its main purpose is to protect the nail bed from pathogens and injury. Despite the apparent strength, the cuticle is very vulnerable to external and internal damage.

Cuticle problems can occur not only due to mechanical damage. There are a number of factors that potentially lead to dryness and cracking of the nail’s protective barrier:

Problems with metabolism

Lack of vitamins, microelements and nutrients in the body

Constant stress

Chronic pathologies of internal organs

It is important to properly care for cuticles. It is necessary to cut off the uneven edge of the keratinized soft tissue, but it is also impossible to remove the cuticle too much – this is what leads to infections under the skin and, accordingly, inflammation.

Existing cuticle removal methods

There are several basic cuticle removal methods:

Mechanical. The cuticle is removed using cutting manicure tools. Previously, the skin in this area must be softened using a bath with warm water or a special agent – this significantly reduces the trauma and pain of the procedure. Excess tissue is preliminarily shifted to the base of the nail bed with an orange stick, after which it is removed with nail clippers or scissors. This process is called edging manicure, and it is he who is the most traumatic. One wrong move of the master and the client – and the risk of causing deep damage increases significantly.

Hardware. It involves the removal of excess skin using a special rotating cutter. This is the safest, most reliable and modern way to remove the cuticle – if the master has the proper skills and uses a professional tool, then the cut will be absolutely even. It is believed that when performing a hardware manicure, the risk of inflammation of the cuticle is minimal.

Chemical. The technique is also called “European manicure” and involves the removal of the cuticle with little or no physical impact. A special substance based on fruit acids is applied to the cuticle – a remover. The inanimate part of the skin softens, after which it is easy to remove it with an orange stick.

Manicure can also be done in combination. Each master has his own “chips” and secrets with which he manages to achieve the perfect result. It is important to provide an individual approach to clients, because the cuticle of different people differs in density, growth line and other indicators.

Why can the cuticle hurt after a manicure?

Cuticle inflammation is accompanied by the following symptoms:

Bursting pain syndrome

Reddening of the skin, swelling in the damaged area

Burning sensation, local temperature increase

The main causes of cuticle problems after manicure are:

• Traumatic damage to the living area of ​​the cuticle
• Incorrect removal of the inanimate layer of the cuticle, as a result of which adjacent tissues were affected
• Excessive removal depth
• Individual intolerance to products used during manicure

In the vast majority of cases, inflammation of the cuticle means that the skin around the nail has been damaged and harmful microorganisms have entered there.

Risk factors

There are a number of indirect risk factors that significantly increase the likelihood of inflammation of the cuticle in case of the slightest damage:

• Lack of proper antiseptic treatment of the nail.
• Use of a non-sterile instrument.
• Insufficient cuticle softening before removal.
• Ignoring the recommendations of the master by the client – after the procedure, there was contact with chemicals, hand washing, washing dishes without gloves and other actions that can damage the already delicate skin around the nail.
• Using a poorly sharpened tool.
• Ignoring the individual characteristics of the client’s cuticle – excessive dryness, tendency to crack, etc.
• Overgrowth of cuticles, inadequate nail care.

It is important to understand that a lot of pathogens and bacteria live in the area around the nail. The slightest injury to the cuticle, and foreign agents enter the wound, where they begin to multiply rapidly.

What is fraught with inflammation of the cuticle

The problem threatens with a number of complications. The most common is purulent paronychia. In this case, the intervention of a surgeon is required so that the focus of inflammation does not spread to other areas of the skin.

If you experience any of the following symptoms after a manicure, seek immediate medical attention:

• Suppuration.
• Increased pain to the point where it affects your quality of life.
• Increased edema, spreading redness.
• Pain felt in several fingers at once.
• Visual changes in the nail plate: ribbing, unnatural coloring.
• All the medical measures taken have not yielded results, and you see that the situation is rapidly deteriorating.

Cuticle inflammation should be treated as soon as it occurs. Do not ignore unpleasant symptoms so that the situation does not lead to surgical intervention!

What not to do in case of a problem

Almost everyone has experienced the problem of cuticle inflammation, and many do not consider it serious. It is extremely rare in such a situation that a person turns to a doctor, preferring to be treated independently with folk remedies. However, there are a number of actions that are categorically contraindicated in case of inflammation of the cuticle:

Seal the damaged area with adhesive tape

This prevents oxygen from entering the wound, and also creates a real “greenhouse” there, which is a favorable condition for the further development of microorganisms.

Pierce an abscess if there is one

Even if you sterilize the needle you will be using beforehand, do not open the formation yourself – only a doctor can perform the manipulation!

Use iodine or alcohol

This is fraught not only with intense pain, but also with a chemical burn, which will greatly aggravate the situation.

If cuticle inflammation is due to an allergic reaction, antihistamines should be taken. For their correct selection, contact a doctor who will select an individual therapy.

Treatments for inflamed cuticles

There are a number of proven ways to help manage the problem. Consider the most common and effective of them.

Salt bath

Take a shallow container, half fill it with warm water (up to 40 degrees), dissolve a teaspoon of sea salt in it. Dip the inflamed finger there and hold for 10 minutes. At the end of the procedure, rinse it with running water. Repeat the manipulation in the morning and evening for 3-4 days.

Antiseptic treatment

Treat the affected area several times a day with hydrogen peroxide, chlorhexidine or miramistin. This will help the body cope with disease-causing bacteria and speed up the healing process.

Herbal baths

Brew oak bark, chamomile, plantain, St. John’s wort, horse sorrel or other medicinal herb. Wait until the broth has cooled to 35-40 degrees, then pour some liquid into a deep container, put the damaged finger there and hold for 10 minutes.

Medications

Methyluracil ointment, Levomekol, Gentamicin ointment, Bactroban, Cyclopirox, ointments with bacitracin have proven effectiveness in combating inflammation of the cuticle, especially when signs of suppuration appear.

Skin lesions can occur not only due to the entry of bacteria into the wound. There may be fungi on the surfaces of manicure tools. And the principles of treatment of diseases caused by different pathogens also differ. If you do not see positive dynamics within 1-2 days, it is better not to postpone a visit to the doctor.

Ways to prevent inflammation of the cuticles

When performing a manicure, there is always a risk of damage to the cuticles, no matter how meticulously the master does not work. However, it can be minimized by following a few basic rules:

• Comprehensive hand skin care. It should not be limited to periodic visits to the manicurist. You should use creams suitable for your skin type and special cuticle care products. They contain all the necessary substances and trace elements that will help maintain proper skin condition.
• Regular cuticle trimming. The rate of its growth is individual for each person, however, the optimal frequency of removal of the stratum corneum is 1 time in 3-4 weeks.
• Do not get a manicure if there is already inflammation in the cuticle area – this can only aggravate the situation.
• Do household chores that involve prolonged contact with water and chemicals only when wearing protective gloves.
• Use of professional manicure equipment. Experienced nail masters recommend using accessories from one manufacturer – this way the procedure will be as safe and productive as possible. One of the best manicure equipment on the market is the MAX company. The manufacturer produces manicure vacuum cleaners, arm rollers and other accessories that are indispensable in the work of a first-class master.
• In case of injury to the cuticle during the manicure, be sure to perform an antiseptic treatment of the damaged area.

It is not recommended to remove the cuticle on your own – the risk of damage in this case increases significantly. It is worth contacting only experienced and proven masters who have been trained and have the proper skills to perform a manicure.

How to heal inflamed nail cuticles quickly and effectively: tips and tricks

Contents

• 1 How to Heal Sore Nail Cuticles Quickly and Effectively: Best Tips and Methods
  • 1.1 How to Heal Sore Nail Cuticles
    • 1.1.1 Step 1: Soak
    • 1.1.2 Step 2 : Clear
    • 1.1.3 Step 3: Apply antiseptic
    • 1.1.4 Step 4: Apply protection
    • 1.1.5 Step 5: Protect yourself from damage
  • 1.2 What is a cuticle and why does it get inflamed?
  • 1.3 Symptoms of inflamed nail cuticle
  • 1.4 Why is it necessary to quickly treat inflamed nail cuticles?
  • 1.5 How to prevent nail cuticle inflammation?
  • 1.6 How to treat inflamed nail cuticles at home?
  • 1.7 What should I do if home treatment of nail cuticles does not help?
    • 1.7.1 Contacting a doctor.
    • 1.7.2 Operation.
    • 1.7.3 Improving hand hygiene.
    • 1.7.4 Laser treatment of inflamed cuticles.
  • 1.8 What preparations will help cure the inflamed nail cuticle?
  • 1.9 How to use medicines for inflamed nail cuticles?
  • 1.10 When should I see a doctor for inflamed nail cuticles?
  • 1.11 What treatments help with inflamed nail cuticles?
  • 1.12 Factors contributing to re-inflammation of the nail cuticle
  • 1.13 Related video:
  • 1.14 Q&A:
    • • 1.14.0.1 What can cause inflammation of the nail cuticle?
      • 1.14.0.2 How can inflammation of the nail cuticle be reduced quickly?
      • 1.14.0.3 What ointments and creams can be used to treat an inflamed nail cuticle?
      • 1.14.0.4 How to speed up the healing of an inflamed nail cuticle?
      • 1.14.0.5 How to prevent inflammation of the nail cuticle in the future?
      • 1.14.0.6 What else can be the cause of inflammation of the nail cuticle, except for injuries and diseases?

Find out how to properly treat sore cuticles on your nails. Our tips will help you get rid of pain and discomfort, as well as prevent new problems with the skin around the nails.

An inflamed nail cuticle can cause a lot of inconvenience and pain. It occurs with improper care of the skin around the nail or if you spend a lot of time in the water. How to quickly and effectively cure such a defect?

There are many home remedies for inflamed cuticles that can help alleviate the symptoms. These products are affordable and non-toxic, so no side effects are expected.

Once, if you notice the presence of an inflamed cuticle, do not postpone treatment until tomorrow. Start a script instantly and get it done in this simple yet effective way.

How to heal sore cuticles

Step 1: Soak

The first step to heal sore cuticles is to soak your nails in warm water. This will help soften the skin and improve blood flow to the cuticle area.

You can add a few drops of tea tree oil or rosemary oil to your water, which have antibacterial properties and help fight infection.

Step 2: Clean

Clean the cuticles and skin around the nail with a soft brush or nail clipper to remove any remaining dirt and dead skin.

Be careful not to damage the cuticle that protects the nail from infections.

Step 3: Apply antiseptic

Apply antiseptic to the inflamed cuticle. To do this, you can use medicines such as iodine or hydrogen peroxide, or natural products such as honey or aloe vera, which have anti-inflammatory properties.

If you cannot find suitable products at home, ask your doctor or pharmacist for advice and recommendations.

Step 4: Protect

Apply protective cream or oil to the cuticles and skin around the nail. This will help moisturize the skin and prevent recurring infections.

Some suitable creams and oils that can help with this include coconut oil, vitamin E, and shea butter.

Step 5: Avoid Damage

Remember to take precautions in the future to avoid recurrence. Wear protective gloves when working with chemicals and don’t touch your cuticles unnecessarily.

If the cuticle begins to bleed or become irritated, see a doctor immediately to prevent serious complications.

What is the cuticle and why does it become inflamed?

The cuticle is the layer of skin on the tip of the finger that protects the nail. It consists of cells, remnants of the skin and fatty secretions. The cuticle helps retain moisture in the nail and keeps it attached to the skin.

Swelling, redness and discomfort in the cuticle area may indicate inflammation. Measures must be taken to avoid further irritation, as well as to treat the disease.

Symptoms of inflamed nail cuticle

Inflamed nail cuticle is not only an unpleasant phenomenon, but also the cause of many skin diseases. Symptoms can vary and may vary depending on how severely the cuticle is affected.

• Bleeding. One of the most noticeable signs is bleeding, which can occur with mechanical impact on the inflamed cuticle.
• Edema. The cuticle may be swollen, causing it to thicken and feel pressure on the nail.
• Pain. An inflamed cuticle can be very painful, especially when touched or moved by the fingers.
• Redness of the skin. If the cuticle is inflamed, it may become red and hot to the touch.

If you have any symptoms associated with inflammation of the nail cuticles, you need to see a doctor for adequate treatment, as ignoring the problem can lead to serious complications.

Why is it necessary to quickly treat an inflamed nail cuticle?

Inflammation of the cuticle of the nail can lead to serious consequences if left unattended. Violation of the integrity of the cuticle leads to the fact that infections are possible through the wound. As a result, the nail begins to wear down, may lose its shape, and in some cases may fall off completely.

It must also be taken into account that the infection can spread throughout the body, causing various diseases. The inflamed nail cuticle becomes very painful, which in turn negatively affects the quality of life.

1. Important to know: Especially dangerous is the treatment of inflamed cuticles on the legs, since in this part of the body the infection can more easily penetrate into the bloodstream and spread throughout the body.

How to prevent nail cuticle inflammation?

Inflammation of the nail cuticle is quite painful and common among people. However, there are several ways to prevent this annoying problem from developing.

• Take care of your hands . Moisturizing and cleaning your hands regularly can help prevent infections and dry skin.
• Do not tear off the cuticle . Tearing off the cuticle can cause damage and inflammation. Instead, use a special tool to push it back.
• Avoid injury to the nail plate. Take care of the nail plate so that it is not too long and not injured. Injuries can cause inflammation of the cuticle.
• Do not use strong chemicals . Strong chemicals can cause cuticle irritation and inflammation.

Following these tips will help you prevent cuticle inflammation and maintain healthy nails and skin.

How to treat inflamed nail cuticles at home?

Inflamed nail cuticles are a common problem that can be caused by both poor hygiene and various diseases. While cuticle inflammation can be quite annoying, the good news is that it can usually be easily treated at home with a few simple and effective tips.

After you have removed the damaged area, dry the cuticles with an antiseptic, such as hydrogen peroxide or iodine, and apply a bandage. The bandage will help protect the skin from dust and dirt, as well as reduce the risk of infection and re-inflammation.

• A few more tips:
• Avoid using a hard brush to wash your hands. Hands can be treated with a soft toothbrush or a special nail brush.
• Wear rubber gloves. Rubber gloves help protect hands from injury and sterilize the skin to prevent infection.
• Use moisturizers around the nails. It is important to keep the skin around the nails adequately moisturized to prevent dryness and cracking.

What to do if home treatment of nail cuticles does not help?

Visiting a doctor.

If home treatment of nail cuticles does not work, you should consult a doctor. The presence of inflammation of the cuticle may indicate the presence of an infection that requires specialized treatment. The doctor may suggest a range of measures, such as prescribing antibiotics, washing the wound, applying an antiseptic or antibacterial agent.

Operation.

In some cases, if home treatment and medications do not resolve the problem, your doctor may recommend surgery. The most commonly performed microsurgical removal of the inflamed cuticle.

Improving hand hygiene.

If the cuticle is infected due to poor hand hygiene, it needs to be improved. It is necessary to wash hands frequently, use an antiseptic, observe the correct daily routine, avoid hypothermia and hypergyrosis.

Laser treatment for inflamed cuticles.

Recently, laser treatment of inflamed nail cuticles has been increasingly used. The use of laser therapy allows you to quickly and painlessly remove the site of inflammation and prevent the development of infection. This is a very effective treatment method that allows you to eliminate the cuticle in just a few treatments.

What preparations will help cure the inflamed nail cuticle?

Inflamed nail cuticle is a rather painful condition and requires treatment. One of the most effective ways to treat cuticle inflammation is to use medications that can help reduce symptoms and speed up the healing process.

• Antibacterial agents. If the cause of inflammation of the cuticle is a bacterial infection, it may be necessary to apply antibacterial ointments or creams. They help prevent the spread of infection and speed up healing.
• Gentle cuticle remover. Some preparations contain ingredients that help to gently remove the cuticle of the nail without damaging the skin. This can help reduce inflammation and prevent further problems.
• Anti-inflammatory agents. Ointments and gels that contain anti-inflammatory ingredients such as diclofenac can be used. They act right at the site of inflammation and can help reduce pain and swelling.

We must not forget that the treatment of inflamed cuticles should be carried out under the supervision of a doctor who can choose the optimal drug and regimen for its use.

How to use medicines for inflamed nail cuticles?

Various medicines can be used for inflamed nail cuticles, but it must be borne in mind that each of them has its own characteristics of application.

• Antibiotic ointments are used when the inflammation is bacterial. Apply the ointment to the surface of the cuticle and the adjacent area of ​​the skin according to the instructions for the drug. The course of treatment can last 5-7 days.
• Anti-inflammatory creams and gels may be used to reduce swelling and relieve pain. The cream should be applied to the cuticle and gently massage the skin around the nail. With frequent use of the cream, it is necessary to monitor the condition of the skin so that it does not become too dry.
• Antiseptics help prevent infection. It is best to use sprays that are evenly sprayed onto the surface of the skin. You need to apply an antiseptic several times a day until complete recovery.

Regardless of which medicine you choose, it is important to follow the instructions and not to overdose. If the skin condition worsens, you should consult your doctor.

When should I see a doctor for inflamed nail cuticles?

An inflamed nail cuticle can be painful and interfere with normal finger function. Some cases can be treated with home remedies, but some situations require medical attention.

• Purulent inflammation – if you have severe pain and / or pus is oozing from the cuticle, you need to see a doctor immediately. The doctor may recommend antibiotics or drainage of the abscess.
• Excessive redness and swelling – if the cuticle is very red, swollen and painful, you need to see a doctor. This may be a sign of a more serious infection that needs to be treated.
• Other nail disorders – If this is not the first time you have had an inflamed cuticle and there are signs of other nail disorders such as fungus or psoriasis, you should see a doctor for diagnosis and treatment.

If you are concerned about the condition of your nails or cuticles, see your doctor for advice and treatment recommendations.

What treatments help with inflamed nail cuticles?

Warm sea salt baths. Inflamed cuticles can be treated with a warm sea salt bath to help soften the skin and speed up the healing process. To do this, you need to dissolve two tablespoons of sea salt in a full mug of warm water and dip your fingers into it for 15-20 minutes, repeat the procedure every day for a week.

Applying ointment. It is necessary to apply ointments with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties to the damaged area. One of the best remedies for inflamed cuticles is methyluracil ointment, which promotes rapid healing and prevents infection.

Hydrogen peroxide treatment. Hydrogen peroxide solution will help not only fight inflammation, but also avoid possible infection. Mix two tablespoons of hydrogen peroxide with two cups of warm water and place your entire finger in the solution for 10-15 minutes. The procedure should be repeated every day for a week.

Use of an absorbent ointment. Combined treatment includes the use of absorbent ointments such as ichthyol ointment. It helps to quickly get rid of inflammation, accelerates healing and prevents the growth of infection.

Avoid injury and traumatic procedures. The best way to avoid cuticle inflammation is to avoid damaging it. No need to trim the cuticle, break or sand it. It is important to wear shoes with insoles that soften the surface of the feet. Handle scissors carefully, do not allow infection to infect the body.

Factors contributing to re-inflammation of the nail cuticle

Insufficient nail care. Lack of regular cuticle care can lead to dryness, cracking and subsequent inflammation. Regular trimming of cuticles and application of moisturizing creams are recommended.

Poor nail hygiene. Improper hygiene can lead to infection of the nail plate and cuticle with bacteria, resulting in inflammation. It is recommended to regularly use antiseptics and wash your hands with soap and water.

Injuries of the nail plate. Various injuries such as blows, pressure, etc., can cause damage to the nail plate and cuticle, which contributes to inflammation. It is recommended to use protective equipment and be careful when performing work involving the use of sharp objects.

• Fungal and viral infections. Some fungal and viral infections can lead to damage to the nail plate and cuticle, which can lead to re-inflammation. It is recommended to strengthen the immune system and treat infections in time.

Related videos:

Q&A:

What can cause inflammation of the nail cuticle?

Inflammation of the nail cuticle can be caused by injury, including cutting the cuticle with careless scissors, as well as diseases such as nail fungus and eczema.

How can inflammation of the nail cuticle be reduced quickly?

Warm compresses and an antibacterial agent can be used to quickly reduce inflammation of the nail cuticle. Also, if possible, it is worth leaving the diseased cuticle alone and not touching it with your hands.

What ointments and creams can be used to treat an inflamed nail cuticle?

Antibiotic ointments and creams such as neomycin or bactracid can be used to treat inflamed nail cuticles. You can also use creams with moisturizing and soothing ingredients, such as aloe vera.

How to speed up the healing of an inflamed nail cuticle?

Regenerating creams with panthenol and allantoin can be used to accelerate the healing of the inflamed nail cuticle. It is also necessary to provide the wound with protection from external factors, for example, by applying a bactericidal patch.

How to prevent inflammation of the nail cuticle in the future?

To prevent inflammation of the nail cuticle in the future, it is worth avoiding injuries and mechanical damage to this area, regularly moisturize the cuticle with special creams, and also observe hand hygiene, not forgetting to treat them with antiseptics.

What else can be the cause of inflammation of the nail cuticle, except for injuries and diseases?

One of the causes of inflammation of the nail cuticle can be a metabolic disorder in the body, lack of vitamins and minerals.